EP0996845B1 - Method and device for removing and/or breaking out coatings or areas of undersurfaces - Google Patents
Method and device for removing and/or breaking out coatings or areas of undersurfaces Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0996845B1 EP0996845B1 EP98936107A EP98936107A EP0996845B1 EP 0996845 B1 EP0996845 B1 EP 0996845B1 EP 98936107 A EP98936107 A EP 98936107A EP 98936107 A EP98936107 A EP 98936107A EP 0996845 B1 EP0996845 B1 EP 0996845B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- drums
- milling
- hydraulic
- drum
- rotary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D25/00—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag
- F27D25/001—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag comprising breaking tools, e.g. hammers, drills, scrapers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/02—Linings
- B22D41/026—Apparatus used for fracturing and removing of linings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings
- F27D1/1694—Breaking away the lining or removing parts thereof
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for removing and / or Breaking out of layers or areas from substrates, for example surface and contour milling for profiling Refurbishing channels, molds, pans, converters and Slag collection containers, for cleaning electric furnaces and for Removal of contaminated waste and contaminated layers in asbestos removal, in which one by a hydraulic motor driven milling head equipped with milling bits is brought with the area of the subsurface to be removed, the milling head being moved by a telescopic arm Vehicle with uppercarriage held in milling position and in Removal direction is shifted.
- the invention also relates to a device for ablation and / or breaking out of layers or areas Surfaces, for example surface and contour milling for profiled processing of channels, molds, pans, Converters and slag collection containers, for cleaning Electric ovens and for removing contaminated waste as well contaminated layers during asbestos removal, with one along the mobile vehicle to be processed,
- excavators that have a swiveling superstructure has on which a hydraulically pivotable and rotatable Telescopic arm is articulated, which one at its front end Holder for a driven by a hydraulic motor Has a milling tool that carries several milling tools.
- pig iron In metallurgical technology, pig iron is melted in blast furnaces and in further treatment in converters and electric furnaces. The molten pig iron is transported in troughs or pans that have a fire-resistant inner lining consisting of permanent lining and wear lining. The wear lining is continuously removed by the pig iron, possibly damaged and must therefore be removed and replaced at regular intervals. The permanent lining must not be damaged when removing the wear lining. In the event of damage, the molten pig iron comes into contact with the support structure, which causes major consequential damage. As is known, the wear lining is broken out of the gutter assembly manually using hydraulic / pneumatic hammers or tearing tools. This known method of operation often leads to damage to the permanent feed, so that complex and costly repairs have to be made to the channels.
- DE 32 25 015 C1 attempts to remedy these disadvantages by means of a device for cleaning refractory-lined conveying troughs for molten metals and slags by means of rotating chains, in that a drum, which is driven by an infinitely variable motor, is provided with chains, rotating drum arranged parallel to the bottom of the conveying trough to solve, which can be moved horizontally and vertically to the conveyor trough with the help of a longitudinally above the conveyor trough, guided in rails frame.
- the quickly rotating drum with chain represents a cleaning head that is guided over the channel walls to be processed. Washings can be removed from the wear lining, but a targeted surface removal does not allow this known method of working. The risk of uncontrolled removal and damage to the permanent feed remains.
- the rail-bound frame significantly limits the possible uses.
- DE 31 36 236 A1 discloses a device for excavating blast furnace channels or other channels provided with a refractory lining, which discloses a portable excavating device which has a lifting and lowering milling arm with a driven rotating milling head.
- This excavation device is provided with its own undercarriage in the form of a caterpillar or wheel undercarriage.
- the milling arm can be swiveled in height and also swiveled sideways on the machine frame and is designed as an articulated boom. At the lower free end of the boom, it carries a milling head consisting of two milling disks, which rotate around a common axis of rotation.
- a hydraulic slow-speed motor or a high-speed motor with gear reduction serves to drive the milling discs.
- a machine for cutting trenches in rock in which a telescopic arm carries a cutting head at its front end. At the point of articulation of the cutting head, an additional hydraulic pressure arm acts, which prevents the cutting head from vibrating and bouncing during engagement.
- This known machine is designed to cut trenches from 35 to 62 cm wide and up to 4.5 m deep.
- the cutting head is driven by an electric drive via a gear and is designed as a double cut-off machine, the discs of which are fitted with tungsten carbide teeth.
- the two disks rotate about a common axis in the same direction, but can also be designed as milling cutters which are arranged axially parallel next to one another and rotate in opposite directions.
- milling cutters which rotate in opposite directions, do not prevent vibrations and vibrations during cutting, but rather the milling arms are held in the cutting position by the pressure arm against the vibrating forces. They are dimensioned for high cutting performance at high speeds.
- the pressure forces used to overcome the vibration forces are far too high to be able to process refractory bricks, for example channels for liquid pig iron, with this known solution.
- the high pressure forces inevitably destroy the permanent feed, which entails the disadvantages described above.
- FR-A-2 395 387 describes a boring machine with a tool head which is wringing on a telescopic arm and which consists of two tools which, by means of their own hydraulic motors, run in opposite directions about parallel vertical longitudinal axes become rotating drives.
- the object of the invention based on a method and a device of the introduction to improve the type mentioned in such a way that a controlled and selective removal of surface layers and areas Refractory linings or contaminated substrates largely vibration-free with a significant reduction in Holding forces for the milling cutters, reducing downtimes, Heat and dust pollution and at the same time Improvement in processing quality is achieved.
- the invention is also based on the object of compactness increase the milling device, shorten its set-up times and their ease of maintenance and ease of use are noticeable improve by reducing the weight.
- the object is achieved according to the invention with a method as mentioned at the outset, wherein at least two, but even-numbered axially parallel, counter-rotating drums, each driven directly by a slow-running hydraulic drive, are used, the rotating milling bits on a helix line coming into engagement one after the other and with a small lateral offset, and wherein simultaneously with the counter-rotating movement of the individual drums, both drums are given a controlled co-rotating movement about a common axis parallel to the axes of rotation of the individual drums.
- This controlled rotation can be either a left or a right turn.
- a force compensation of the cutting forces is thereby achieved, whereby the vibrations and shocks which occur when the milling tools are engaged can be kept very low and the holding forces for the cutting head can be reduced.
- Exceptional flexibility and maneuverability is achieved through a preferred embodiment of the invention
- drums move at the same speed their axis of rotation.
- drums move around their rotary axes at different speeds.
- Another preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the speed of the drums is adjusted by regulating the oil volume flow of the drives. This is done using a volume flow controller that distributes the oil volume flow evenly between the two drives and also keeps it constant.
- a parallel connection is particularly advantageous for the hydraulic connection of the drives. Both drives then work with the same efficiency at the design point, the speeds of both drives are the same regardless of the torque, and the direct drive enables the drives to have a low overall height. With a series connection, the pressure difference is automatically distributed to both drives, which then have the same speed.
- the milling head has at least two, but even-numbered, drums has whose axes of rotation parallel to each other and side by side are arranged and of which each Trommei several at the Chisels arranged on the front and circumference on a spiral line has, with the coils in opposite directions to each other around the drums and the chisels run towards each other on the spiral lines are distributed so that no milling axial Power components arise, and each drum has a separate, hydraulic drive is assigned, the drive shaft with the respective axis of rotation of the drum is aligned by bearings a non-rotating tubular inner part of the drum rotatable supported in this and with an outer the chisels arranged in a sleeve-like manner around the inner part bearing outer part of the drum in connection on the drive side stands, the drives of a common one Fastening plate housing are enclosed in the on a central axis parallel to the axes of rotation hydraulic swivel device for rotating
- the vehicle is brought into the working position by the Telescopic arm with articulated counter-rotating, the Drums carrying milling cutters in the direction of the processing zone is brought into engagement with the subsurface.
- the vehicle can then either to the side of the processing zone, for example a pig iron gutter, or in flight from the zone stand.
- the drives are designed for quick assembly and maintenance Plug-in units designed with their drive shaft in the Inserted inner part and with a holding flange on the Mounting plate are attached.
- the outer part of the drum has a collar which means a seal against the mounting plate are sealed.
- the swivel device consists of a device hydraulic rotating union and rotating device. This poses sure that the milling head with its two rotating in opposite directions Drum an additional rotation around a common axis can perform.
- the chisel-bearing outer part of the drum is designed to be exchangeable according to a further expedient embodiment of the invention.
- the front of the outer part is non-positively connected to the drive shaft.
- the outer part of the drum preferably has a spherical, spherical or concave shape.
- the milling cutters are advantageously arranged in exchangeable form in receptacles on the circumference and on the end face of the outer part of the drum.
- Suitable milling chisels are standard round shank chisels.
- a suction device can optionally be attached near the milling bits, with the help of which excessive dust can be suctioned off without problems.
- the invention makes it possible to specifically refurbish refractory linings from channels, molds, pans, converters and slag collection containers, to clean electric furnaces and to remove contaminated layers.
- the method of operation according to the invention allows surfaces to be processed selectively without the permanent lining being damaged in refractory linings by shocks, vibrations and excessive holding forces.
- the solution according to the invention achieves an extraordinarily high degree of flexibility not only in surface machining but also in surface machining of different profiles. Only the outer shape of the outer part of the drum needs to be varied. Spherical, concave or other geometric shapes are suitable, so that it is also possible to machine corner areas. It is also possible to transmit high torques and at the same time optimally absorb the management and delivery staff.
- the omission of the transmission is the one according to the invention Device more compact in design, but also at the same time safer because the milling head is largely seized is avoidable. Due to their variable working widths increase the area performance and due to their higher effectiveness the disposal and operating costs of the device decrease.
- the relatively lower weight of the invention Device means less power consumption and one more efficient use of energy.
- FIG. 1 shows a mobile excavator 1 with a crawler chassis 2, on which there is an uppercarriage 3 , which can be pivoted sideways about the axis AA on the chassis 2 .
- a telescopic arm 4 is attached to the superstructure 3 so that it can be adjusted in height, so that the infeed angle ⁇ of the telescopic arm 4 relative to the processing zone 5 can be changed.
- 1 shows an infeed angle ⁇ of 22 to 31 °, for example.
- a telescopic arm 4 can be rotated about its longitudinal axis BB indefinitely (see arrow I, FIG. 2).
- the telescopic arm 4 can also be shortened or extended by retracting or extending the telescopic tube (arrow II). As shown in FIG.
- a receptacle 6 is articulated at the front end of the telescopic arm 4 , which enables the receptacle 6 to move about 120 ° (arrow III).
- the receptacle 6 carries a milling head 8.
- the milling head 8 consists of two counter-rotating (see arrow IV) drums 9, a housing 10 and a truss housing 11 with a truss plate 12. This truss plate 12 is fastened to the plate 7 belonging to the receptacle 6 by screw connections, not shown. If the receptacle 6 performs a pitching movement, the milling head 8 follows this movement.
- the drives 21 of the drums 9 are accommodated in the housing 10 , which in turn is rotatable relative to the truss housing 11 (arrow V).
- milling chisels 13 round shank chisels
- receptacles 14 on the outer circumference and the end face (FIG. 3).
- the housing 10 of the milling head 8 has a mounting plate 15 is bolted to an upstanding from the plate 15 the wall 16, the pressure-tight manner by a housing cover 17th
- Each drum 9 consists of a non-rotating tubular inner part 18, which is also part of the mounting plate 15 of the housing 10 and insertion openings 19 for receiving a drive shaft 20 of a hydraulic drive 21.
- This hydraulic drive 21 for example a radial piston motor, is attached to its mounting flange 22 the mounting plate 15 screwed into the housing.
- the drive shaft 20 is supported twice against the inner part 18 , on the one hand near the insertion opening 19 with a fixed bearing 23 which consists of a two tapered roller bearing in an X arrangement and on the other hand with a double row full complement floating bearing 24 which is located near the end of the shaft.
- the drive shaft 20 itself increases in diameter gradually towards the shaft end, so that the greatest possible torque is applied to the shaft end and a great bending stiffness is achieved.
- the drum 9 also includes a sleeve-shaped outer part 25 which carries the chisel receptacles 14 on the end and circumference, in which the chisels 13 are held.
- the end face of the outer part 25 is non-positively connected to the end face of the drive shaft 24 by a screw connection, so that the rotational movement of the shaft 20 is transmitted directly to the outer part 25 .
- the chisels 13 attached to the outer part 25 also rotate.
- the end face carries, for example, 8 and a total of 36 chisels are distributed around the circumference.
- the outer part 25 is pushed onto the fixed inner part 18 until its collar 26, which is seated at the end, comes into contact with a grinding seal 27 fastened to the fastening plate 15 .
- the outer part 25 is thus rotatably arranged around the inner part 18 .
- the axis of rotation CC (arrow IV in FIG. 2) of the drum 9 is thus in alignment with the drive shaft 20 of the drive 21.
- the axes of rotation CC of both drums 9 are thus arranged parallel to one another at a distance from one another, so that there is sufficient space in the housing 10 about the central axis DD to accommodate a hydraulic pivoting device 28 .
- This consists of a hydraulic rotary feedthrough, which protrudes through an opening 29 in the housing cover 17 into the truss housing 11 .
- the housing 10 is rotatably supported on the annular part 30 of the cross member 11 by an axial and radial bearing 31 .
- the hydraulic pivoting device 28 is connected to a hydraulic system 32 (FIG. 5) which also supplies the drives 22 .
- This hydraulic system 32 includes the drives 21 , the swivel device 28, the oil motor 34, flow control 33, check valves, reversing valves and the corresponding hydraulic lines 35. As shown in Fig. 5, the two drives 21 are connected in parallel. This circuit ensures that the full pressure difference of the excavator 1 is applied to the drive 21 and half of the oil volume flow is available to each drive. The operating point of each drive is set by a 2-way flow regulator 33, which keeps the oil volume flow to each of the drives constant. Check valves and pressure relief valves, not shown, are also necessary. This ensures that the speeds of both drives are the same regardless of the moment.
- the excavator 1 described above is moved to the processing zone 5 in such a way that the vehicle stands laterally to the processing zone 5.
- the drums 9 arranged in the milling head 8 with their milling cutters 13 are fed via the telescopic arm 4 to the surface of the processing zone 5 until the counter-rotating bits 13 come into engagement with the ground.
- the chisels are arranged on the outer part 25 of the first drum 9 on a helix line EE (see FIGS. 6 and 7) which is oriented in the opposite direction to the helix line FF of the second drum 9 .
- the chisels 13 are distributed on the coils in such a way that the chisels 13 do not come into engagement at the same time and the lateral offset of the tooth engagement is also significantly reduced. This arrangement ensures that force compensation is achieved which prevents the telescopic arm from rocking.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Printed Circuit Boards (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Abtragen und/oder Herausbrechen von Schichten bzw. Bereichen aus Untergründen, beispielsweise Flächen- und Konturfräsen zum profilierten Aufarbeiten von Rinnen, Kokillen, Pfannen, Konvertern und Schlackensammelbehältern, zum Reinigen von Elektroöfen und zum Beseitigen von kontaminierten Abfällen und belasteten Schichten bei der Asbestsanierung, bei dem ein durch einen Hydraulikmotor angetriebener, mit Fräsmeißeln bestückter Fräskopf in Eingriff mit dem abzutragenen Bereich des Untergrundes gebracht wird, wobei der Fräskopf durch einen Teleskoparm eines verfahrbaren Fahrzeuges mit Oberwagen in Fräsposition gehalten und in Abtragrichtung verschoben wird. The invention relates to a method for removing and / or Breaking out of layers or areas from substrates, for example surface and contour milling for profiling Refurbishing channels, molds, pans, converters and Slag collection containers, for cleaning electric furnaces and for Removal of contaminated waste and contaminated layers in asbestos removal, in which one by a hydraulic motor driven milling head equipped with milling bits is brought with the area of the subsurface to be removed, the milling head being moved by a telescopic arm Vehicle with uppercarriage held in milling position and in Removal direction is shifted.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine Vorrichtung zum Abtragen und/oder Herausbrechen von Schichten bzw. Bereichen aus Untergründen, beispielsweise Flächen- und Konturfrasen zum profilierten Aufarbeiten von Rinnen, Kokillen, Pfannen, Konvertern und Schlackensammelbehältern, zum Reinigen von Elektroöfen und zum Beseitigen von kontaminierten Abfällen sowie belasteten Schichten bei der Asbestsanierung, mit einem entlang des zu bearbeitenden Untergrundes verfahrbaren Fahrzeug, beispielsweise Bagger, das einen schwenkbaren Oberwagen aufweist, an dem ein hydraulisch schwenk- und drehbarer Teleskoparm angelenkt ist, welcher an seinem vorderen Ende eine Aufnahme für ein durch einen Hydraulikmotor angetriebenes Fräswerkzeug besitzt, das mehrere Fräsmeißel trägt.The invention also relates to a device for ablation and / or breaking out of layers or areas Surfaces, for example surface and contour milling for profiled processing of channels, molds, pans, Converters and slag collection containers, for cleaning Electric ovens and for removing contaminated waste as well contaminated layers during asbestos removal, with one along the mobile vehicle to be processed, For example, excavators that have a swiveling superstructure has on which a hydraulically pivotable and rotatable Telescopic arm is articulated, which one at its front end Holder for a driven by a hydraulic motor Has a milling tool that carries several milling tools.
In der Hüttentechnik wird das Roheisen in Hochöfen und in der
weiteren Behandlung in Konvertern und Elektroöfen
aufgeschmolzen. Das flüssige Roheisen wird in Rinnen oder
Pfannen transportiert, die eine feuerfeste aus Dauerfutter und
Verschleißfutter bestehende Innenauskleidung besitzen. Das
Verschleißfutter wird durch das Roheisen fortwährend abgetragen,
ggf. beschädigt und muß deshalb in regelmäßigen Abständen
entfernt und erneuert werden. Bei der Entfernung des
Verschleißfutters darf das Dauerfutter keinesfalls beschädigt
werden. Im Fall der Beschädigung gelangt das flüssige Roheisen
in Kontakt mit der Trägerkonstruktion, was große Folgeschäden
verursacht.
Bekanntlich wird das Verschleißfutter manuell mit hydraulisch/
pneumatischen Hämmern oder Reißwerkzeugen aus dem Rinnenverbund
herausgebrochen.
Diese bekannte Arbeitsweise führt oftmals zur Beschädigung des
Dauerfutters, so daß aufwendige und kostenintensive
Ausbesserungen an den Rinnen vorgenommen müssen. In metallurgical technology, pig iron is melted in blast furnaces and in further treatment in converters and electric furnaces. The molten pig iron is transported in troughs or pans that have a fire-resistant inner lining consisting of permanent lining and wear lining. The wear lining is continuously removed by the pig iron, possibly damaged and must therefore be removed and replaced at regular intervals. The permanent lining must not be damaged when removing the wear lining. In the event of damage, the molten pig iron comes into contact with the support structure, which causes major consequential damage.
As is known, the wear lining is broken out of the gutter assembly manually using hydraulic / pneumatic hammers or tearing tools.
This known method of operation often leads to damage to the permanent feed, so that complex and costly repairs have to be made to the channels.
Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, daß die zum Herausbrechen
erforderlichen hohen Kräfte das Verschleißfutter unkontrolliert
zerstören und eine selektive Ausbesserung nicht zulassen.
Deshalb wird in den meisten Fällen das Verschleißfutter
vollständig entfernt, was einen hohen Rohstoffeinsatz und Kosten
verursacht. Folgeschäden im Dauerfutter werden vielfach nicht
erkannt, wodurch Nachfolgeschäden verursacht werden können.
Außerdem sind die Arbeitskräfte bei der Entfernung des
Verschleißfutters erheblichen Hitze- und Staubbelastungen
ausgesetzt.
Diese Nachteile versucht die DE 32 25 015 C1 durch eine
Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von feuerfest ausgekleideten
Förderrinnen für schmelzflüssige Metalle und Schlacken mittels
rotierender Ketten dadurch zu beheben, daß durch eine über einen
stufenlos regelbaren Motor angetriebene, mit Ketten versehene
rotierende, parallel zum Förderrinnenboden angeordnete Trommel
zu lösen, die mit Hilfe eines in Längsrichtung über der
Förderrinne verfahren, in Schienen geführten Gestells horizontal
und vertikal zur Förderrinne angestellt werden kann. Die schnell
rotierende Trommel mit Kette stellt einen Putzkopf dar, der über
die zu bearbeitenden Rinnenwände geführt wird.
Zwar lassen sich dadurch Auswaschungen aus dem Verschleißfutter
entfernen, ein gezielter Oberflächenabtrag läßt diese bekannte
Arbeitsweise aber nicht zu. Die Gefahr des unkontrollierten
Abtrags und der Verletzung des Dauerfutters bleibt bestehen.
Außerdem beschränkt das schienengebundene Gestell die
Einsatzmöglichkeiten wesentlich.Another disadvantage is that the high forces required to break out destroy the wear lining in an uncontrolled manner and do not allow selective repair. Therefore, in most cases the wear lining is completely removed, which causes a high use of raw materials and costs. Consequential damage in the permanent feed is often not recognized, which can cause subsequent damage. In addition, the workers are exposed to considerable heat and dust when removing the lining.
DE 32 25 015 C1 attempts to remedy these disadvantages by means of a device for cleaning refractory-lined conveying troughs for molten metals and slags by means of rotating chains, in that a drum, which is driven by an infinitely variable motor, is provided with chains, rotating drum arranged parallel to the bottom of the conveying trough to solve, which can be moved horizontally and vertically to the conveyor trough with the help of a longitudinally above the conveyor trough, guided in rails frame. The quickly rotating drum with chain represents a cleaning head that is guided over the channel walls to be processed.
Washings can be removed from the wear lining, but a targeted surface removal does not allow this known method of working. The risk of uncontrolled removal and damage to the permanent feed remains. In addition, the rail-bound frame significantly limits the possible uses.
Aus der DE 31 36 236 A1 ist eine Einrichtung zum Ausbruch von
Hochofenrinnen oder sonstigen mit einer Feuerfestauskleidung
versehenen Rinnen bekannt, die ein ortsbewegliches Ausbruchgerät
offenbart, das einen heb- und senkbaren Fräsarm mit einem
angetriebenen rotierenden Fräskopf aufweist. Dieses
Ausbruchgerät ist mit einem eigenen Fahrwerk in Gestalt eines
Raupen- oder Räderfahrwerkes versehen. Der Fräsarm ist
höhenverschwenkbar und auch seitenverschwenkbar am
Maschinengestell gelagert und als Knickausleger ausgelegt. Am
unteren freien Ende des Ausleger trägt dieser einen aus zwei
Frässcheiben bestehenden Fräskopf, die um eine gemeinsame
Drehachse umlaufen. Als Antrieb der Frässcheiben dient ein
hydraulischer Langsamlaufermotor oder ein schnelllaufender Motor
mit Getriebeuntersetzung.
Dieses bekannte Lösung ist mit dem Nachteil behaftet, daß durch
die gleichsinnig umlaufenden Frässcheiben nicht zu
vernachlässigende Vibrationen und Erschütterungen auf den zu
bearbeitenden Untergrund übertragen werden, die mehr zu einer
Zerstörung des Verschleißfutters und Dauerfutters führen als zu
einer gezielten Abtragung verschlissener Oberflächenschichten.
Das bekannte Ausbruchgerät muß deshalb sehr massiv ausgeführt
sein, um die Vibrationen des Auslegers, an dem der Fräskopf
gehalten ist, in erträglichen Grenzen zu halten.
Diese bekannte Lösung hat sich deshalb in der Praxis nicht
durchgesetzt.DE 31 36 236 A1 discloses a device for excavating blast furnace channels or other channels provided with a refractory lining, which discloses a portable excavating device which has a lifting and lowering milling arm with a driven rotating milling head. This excavation device is provided with its own undercarriage in the form of a caterpillar or wheel undercarriage. The milling arm can be swiveled in height and also swiveled sideways on the machine frame and is designed as an articulated boom. At the lower free end of the boom, it carries a milling head consisting of two milling disks, which rotate around a common axis of rotation. A hydraulic slow-speed motor or a high-speed motor with gear reduction serves to drive the milling discs.
This known solution suffers from the disadvantage that vibrations and shocks that cannot be neglected are transmitted to the surface to be worked by the milling discs rotating in the same direction, which lead to more destruction of the wear lining and permanent lining than to a targeted removal of worn surface layers. The known excavation device must therefore be made very solid in order to keep the vibrations of the boom on which the milling head is held within tolerable limits.
This known solution has therefore not prevailed in practice.
Aus der EP 0 080 802 A1 ist auch eine Maschine zum Schneiden von
Gräben in Felsgestein bekannt, bei der ein Teleskoparm an seinem
vorderen Ende einen Schneidkopf trägt. Am Anlenkungspunkt des
Schneidkopfes greift zusätzlich ein hydraulischer Druckarm an,
der verhindert, daß der Schneidkopf beim Eingriff vibriert und
hüpft. Diese bekannte Maschine ist ausgelegt, um Gräben von 35
bis 62 cm Breite und bis zu 4,5 m Tiefe zu schneiden.
Der Schneidkopf wird mit einem elektrischen Antrieb über ein
Getriebe angetrieben und ist als Doppel-Trennschleifer
ausgeführt, deren Scheiben mit Wolframkarbidzähnen bestückt
sind. Die beiden Scheiben drehen sich um eine gemeinsame Achse
in gleicher Richtung, können aber auch als Fräser ausgebildet
sein, die achsparallel nebeneinander angeordnet sind und
gegensinnig drehen.From EP 0 080 802 A1 a machine for cutting trenches in rock is also known, in which a telescopic arm carries a cutting head at its front end. At the point of articulation of the cutting head, an additional hydraulic pressure arm acts, which prevents the cutting head from vibrating and bouncing during engagement. This known machine is designed to cut trenches from 35 to 62 cm wide and up to 4.5 m deep.
The cutting head is driven by an electric drive via a gear and is designed as a double cut-off machine, the discs of which are fitted with tungsten carbide teeth. The two disks rotate about a common axis in the same direction, but can also be designed as milling cutters which are arranged axially parallel next to one another and rotate in opposite directions.
Das Vibrieren und Entstehen von Erschütterungen beim Schneiden
verhindern diese gegensinnig drehenden Fräser nicht, sondern die
Fräser werden durch den Druckarm entgegen den Vibrationskräften
in Schneidposition gehalten. Sie sind für hohe Schneidleistungen
bei hohen Drehzahlen dimensioniert.
Die aufgewendeten Druckkräfte zur Uberwindung der
Vibrationskräfte sind viel zu hoch, um mit dieser bekannten
Lösung Feuerfestausmauerungen, beispielsweise Rinnen für
flüssiges Roheisen, gezielt bearbeiten zu können. Die hohen
Druckkräfte zerstören zwangsläufig das Dauerfutter, was die
bereits zuvor beschriebenen Nachteile nach sich zieht.These milling cutters, which rotate in opposite directions, do not prevent vibrations and vibrations during cutting, but rather the milling arms are held in the cutting position by the pressure arm against the vibrating forces. They are dimensioned for high cutting performance at high speeds.
The pressure forces used to overcome the vibration forces are far too high to be able to process refractory bricks, for example channels for liquid pig iron, with this known solution. The high pressure forces inevitably destroy the permanent feed, which entails the disadvantages described above.
FR-A-2 395 387 beschreibt eine Boderbohrmaschine mit einem an einem Teleskoparm Rängenden Werzeugkopf, der aus zwei Werkzeugen besteht, die mittels eigener Hydraulikmotoren gegenläufig um parallele lotrechte Längsachsen rotierend angetrieber werden.FR-A-2 395 387 describes a boring machine with a tool head which is wringing on a telescopic arm and which consists of two tools which, by means of their own hydraulic motors, run in opposite directions about parallel vertical longitudinal axes become rotating drives.
Bei diesem Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art derart zu verbessern, daß ein kontrollierter und selektiver Abtrag von Oberflächenschichten und Bereichen an Feuerfestauskleidungen bzw. kontaminierten Untergründen weitgehend erschütterungsfrei bei deutlicher Verringerung der Haltekräfte für die Fräser, der Reduzierung der Stillstandszeiten, Hitze- und Staubbelastungen und gleichzeitiger Verbesserung der Bearbeitungsqualität erreicht wird.In this prior art, the object of the invention based on a method and a device of the introduction to improve the type mentioned in such a way that a controlled and selective removal of surface layers and areas Refractory linings or contaminated substrates largely vibration-free with a significant reduction in Holding forces for the milling cutters, reducing downtimes, Heat and dust pollution and at the same time Improvement in processing quality is achieved.
Der Erfindung liegt ferner die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Kompaktheit der Fräseinrichtung zu erhöhen, ihre Rüstzeiten zu verkürzen und ihre Wartungsfreundlichkeit bzw. den Bedienungskomfort merklich durch die Reduzierung des Gewichtes zu verbessern. The invention is also based on the object of compactness increase the milling device, shorten its set-up times and their ease of maintenance and ease of use are noticeable improve by reducing the weight.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einen Verfahren wie eingangs erwähnt gelöst, wobei mindestens
zwei, jedoch geradzahlige achsparallele, gegensinnig drehende,
durch je einen langsamlaufenden hydraulischen Antrieb direkt
angetriebene Trommeln verwendet werden, die mitdrehenden
Fräsmeißel auf einer Wendellinie nacheinander und mit geringem
Seitenversatz zum Eingriff gelangen, und wobei gleichzeitig mit
der gegensinnigen Drehbewegung der Einzeltrommeln beiden
Trommeln eine gesteuerte gleichsinnige Drehbewegung um eine zu
den Drehachsen der Einzeltrommeln parallele gemeinsame Achse
erteilt wird. Diese gesteuerte Drehbewegung kann entweder eine
Links- oder eine Rechtsdrehung sein.
Dadurch wird eine Kraftkompensation der Schnittkräfte erzielt,
wodurch die Vibrationen und Erschütterungen, die beim Eingriff
der Fräswerkzeuge entstehen, sehr gering gehalten und die
Haltekräfte für den Schneidkopf reduziert werden können.The object is achieved according to the invention with a method as mentioned at the outset, wherein at least two, but even-numbered axially parallel, counter-rotating drums, each driven directly by a slow-running hydraulic drive, are used, the rotating milling bits on a helix line coming into engagement one after the other and with a small lateral offset, and wherein simultaneously with the counter-rotating movement of the individual drums, both drums are given a controlled co-rotating movement about a common axis parallel to the axes of rotation of the individual drums. This controlled rotation can be either a left or a right turn.
A force compensation of the cutting forces is thereby achieved, whereby the vibrations and shocks which occur when the milling tools are engaged can be kept very low and the holding forces for the cutting head can be reduced.
Eine außerordentliche Flexibilität und Wendigkeit wird durch eine bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens dadurch erreicht, daß zusätzlich zur Vorschubbewegung der Trommel eine Nickbewegung des Fräskopfes und/oder Rotationsbewegung des Teleskoparmes um seine Längsachse und/oder ein Aus- und Ausfahren des Teleskoparmes und/oder Heben und Senken des Teleskoparmes am Oberwagen und/oder Schwenken des Oberwagens und/oder Verfahren des Fahrzeuges in Richtung der Bearbeitungszone überlagert wird.Exceptional flexibility and maneuverability is achieved through a preferred embodiment of the invention Method achieved in that in addition to the feed movement the drum has a pitching movement of the milling head and / or Rotational movement of the telescopic arm about its longitudinal axis and / or an extension and extension of the telescopic arm and / or lifting and Lowering the telescopic arm on the superstructure and / or swiveling the Uppercarriage and / or moving the vehicle in the direction of Machining zone is superimposed.
In einem weiteren bevorzugten Merkmal des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens bewegen sich die Trommeln mit gleicher Drehzahl um ihre Drehachse.In a further preferred feature of the invention The drums move at the same speed their axis of rotation.
Natürlich gehört es auch zu der Erfindung, wenn die Trommeln sich mit ungleicher Drehzahl um ihre Drehlachs bewegen. Of course, it is also part of the invention if the drums move around their rotary axes at different speeds.
Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen
Verfahrens sieht vor, daß die Drehzahl der Trommeln durch
Regelung des Ölvolumenstromes der Antriebe eingestellt wird.
Dies geschieht durch einen Mengenstromregler, der den
Ölvolumenstrom auf beide Antriebe gleichmäßig aufteilt und auch
konstant hält.Another preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the speed of the drums is adjusted by regulating the oil volume flow of the drives.
This is done using a volume flow controller that distributes the oil volume flow evenly between the two drives and also keeps it constant.
Für die hydraulische Verschaltung der Antriebe ist besonders
eine Parallelschaltung von Vorteil. Beide Antriebe arbeiten dann
im Auslegungspunkt mit gleichem Wirkungsgrad, die Drehzahlen
beider Antriebe sind unabhängig vom Drehmoment gleich und der
Direktantrieb ermöglicht eine geringe Bauhohe der Antriebe.
Bei einer Reihenschaltung teilt sich die Druckdifferenz
automatisch auf beide Antriebe auf, die dann gleiche Drehzahl
aufweisen.A parallel connection is particularly advantageous for the hydraulic connection of the drives. Both drives then work with the same efficiency at the design point, the speeds of both drives are the same regardless of the torque, and the direct drive enables the drives to have a low overall height.
With a series connection, the pressure difference is automatically distributed to both drives, which then have the same speed.
Gelost wird die Aufgabe weiterhin durch eine Vorrichtung wie eingangs erwähnt, wobei der Fräskopf mindestens zwei, jedoch geradzahlige, Trommeln aufweist, deren Drehachsen parallel zueinander und nebeneinander angeordnet sind und von denen jede Trommei mehrere an der Stirnseite und am Umfang auf einer Wendellinie angeordnete Meißel besitzt, wobei die Wendeln zueinander gegenläufig um die Trommeln verlaufen und auf den Wendellinien die Meißel so zueinander verteilt angeordnet sind, daß beim Fräseingriff keine achsialen Kräftekomponenten entstehen, und jeder Trommel ein separater, hydraulischer Antrieb zugeordnet ist, dessen Antriebswelle mit der jeweiligen Drehsachse der Trommel fluchtet, durch Lager an einem nichtdrehenden rohrförmigen Innenteil der Trommel drehbar abgestützt in dieses hineinragt und mit einem äußeren hülsenartig um den Innenteil drehbar angeordneten, die Meißel tragenden Außenteil der Trommel antriebsseitig in Verbindung steht, wobei die Antriebe von einem gemeinsamen eine Befestigungsplatte aufweisenden Gehäuse umschlossen sind, in dem auf einer Mittenachse parallel zu den Drehachsen eine hydraulische Schwenkeinrichtung zur Drehung beider Trommeln um die Mittenachse an einem ortsfesten Traversengehäuse angeordnet ist, wobei die Schwenkeinrichtung in das Traversengehäuse hineinragt und sich durch ein radiales und axiales Lager an einem Ringteil des Traversengehäuse drehbar abstützt und daß für die Antriebe und die Schwenkeinrichtung ein Ölmotor, Mengenstromregler, Rückschlagventile und Hydraulikleitungen umfassendes gemeinsames Hydrauliksystem vorgesehen ist.The object is further achieved by a device as mentioned at the beginning, wherein the milling head has at least two, but even-numbered, drums has whose axes of rotation parallel to each other and side by side are arranged and of which each Trommei several at the Chisels arranged on the front and circumference on a spiral line has, with the coils in opposite directions to each other around the drums and the chisels run towards each other on the spiral lines are distributed so that no milling axial Power components arise, and each drum has a separate, hydraulic drive is assigned, the drive shaft with the respective axis of rotation of the drum is aligned by bearings a non-rotating tubular inner part of the drum rotatable supported in this and with an outer the chisels arranged in a sleeve-like manner around the inner part bearing outer part of the drum in connection on the drive side stands, the drives of a common one Fastening plate housing are enclosed in the on a central axis parallel to the axes of rotation hydraulic swivel device for rotating both drums the center axis is arranged on a fixed truss housing is, the pivoting device in the truss housing protrudes and through a radial and axial bearing on one Ring part of the truss housing rotatably supports and that for the Drives and the swivel device an oil motor, Flow controller, check valves and hydraulic lines comprehensive common hydraulic system is provided.
Das Fahrzeug wird in Arbeitsstellung gebracht, indem der Teleskoparm mit angelenkten sich gegenläufig drehenden, die Fräsmeißel tragenden Trommeln in Richtung der Bearbeitungszone in Eingriff mit dem Untergrund gebracht wird. Das Fahrzeug kann dann entweder seitlich neben der Bearbeitungszone, beispielsweise einer Roheisenrinne, oder in Flucht vor der Zone stehen.The vehicle is brought into the working position by the Telescopic arm with articulated counter-rotating, the Drums carrying milling cutters in the direction of the processing zone is brought into engagement with the subsurface. The vehicle can then either to the side of the processing zone, for example a pig iron gutter, or in flight from the zone stand.
Für die Robust- und Kompaktheit der Trommelanordnung ist es weiterhin von Vorteil, wenn der feststehende rohrförmige Innenteil und die Befestigungsplatte für die Antriebe einstückig ausgebildet sind. Dies erhöht die Steifigkeit entsprechend.It is for the robustness and compactness of the drum arrangement still beneficial if the fixed tubular One-piece inner part and the mounting plate for the drives are trained. This increases the rigidity accordingly.
Die Antriebe sind für eine schnelle Montage und Wartung als Einschubeinheiten ausgelegt, die mit ihrer Antriebswelle in das Innenteil eingeschoben und mit einem Halteflansch an der Befestigungsplatte befestigt sind.The drives are designed for quick assembly and maintenance Plug-in units designed with their drive shaft in the Inserted inner part and with a holding flange on the Mounting plate are attached.
Das Außenteil der Trommel weist einen Kragen auf, der mittels einer Dichtung gegenüber der Befestigungsplatte schleifend abgedichtet sind. The outer part of the drum has a collar which means a seal against the mounting plate are sealed.
Als geeignete hydraulische Antriebe haben sich langsam laufende
Hochmomentmotore der Radialkolbenbauart erwiesen.
Für hohe Drehmomente und Steifigkeit der Antriebswelle nimmt ihr
Durchmesser zum Wellenende stufenweise zu.Slow-running high-torque motors of the radial piston type have proven to be suitable hydraulic drives.
For high torques and rigidity of the drive shaft, its diameter gradually increases towards the shaft end.
In weiterer bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist als Lager ein nahe dem Antrieb angeordnetes Festlager, vorzugsweise Kegelrollenlager, und ein nahe dem Wellenende angeordnetes Loslager, vorzugsweise Zylinderrollenlager, vorgesehen.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention is as Bearing a fixed bearing arranged near the drive, preferably Tapered roller bearing, and one located near the shaft end Floating bearings, preferably cylindrical roller bearings, are provided.
Nach einem weiteren bevorzugten Merkmal der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung besteht die Schwenkeinrichtung aus einer hydraulischen Drehdurchführung und Dreheinrichtung. Diese stellt sicher, daß der Fräskopf mit seinem beiden gegensinnig drehenden Trommeln eine zusätzliche Drehbewegung um eine gemeinsame Achse ausführen kann.According to a further preferred feature of the invention The swivel device consists of a device hydraulic rotating union and rotating device. This poses sure that the milling head with its two rotating in opposite directions Drum an additional rotation around a common axis can perform.
Der die Meißel tragende Außenteil der Trommel ist nach einer
weiteren zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung auswechselbar
ausgebildet. Die Stirnseite des Außenteils ist dazu
kraftschlüssig mit der Antriebswelle verbunden.
Um unterschiedliche Oberflächenprofile bearbeiten zu können, hat
das Außenteil der Trommel vorzugsweise eine ballige,
kugelähnliche oder konkave Form.The chisel-bearing outer part of the drum is designed to be exchangeable according to a further expedient embodiment of the invention. The front of the outer part is non-positively connected to the drive shaft.
In order to be able to process different surface profiles, the outer part of the drum preferably has a spherical, spherical or concave shape.
Die Fräsmeißel sind vorteilhafterweise in Aufnahmen am Umfang
und an der Stirnseite des Außenteils der Trommel auswechselbar
angeordnet. Geeignete Fräsmeißel sind handelsübliche
Rundschaftmeißel.
Je nach dem zu bearbeitenden Untergrund kann optional nahe den
Fräsmeißeln eine Absaugeinrichtung befestigt sein, mit deren
Hilfe übermäßige Menge an Staub problemlos abgesaugt werden
kann. The milling cutters are advantageously arranged in exchangeable form in receptacles on the circumference and on the end face of the outer part of the drum. Suitable milling chisels are standard round shank chisels.
Depending on the surface to be processed, a suction device can optionally be attached near the milling bits, with the help of which excessive dust can be suctioned off without problems.
Auch ein Unterwassereinsatz des Fräskopfes ist im Rahmen der Erfindung möglich. Die Trommeln, das Gehäuse für die Aufnahme der Antriebe und das Traversengehäuse sind hierfur flüssigkeitsdicht zu kapseln.Underwater use of the milling head is also part of the Invention possible. The drums, the housing for the recording the drives and the truss housing are for this encapsulate liquid-tight.
Durch die Erfindung wird es möglich, Feuerfestauskleidungen von
Rinnen, Kokillen, Pfannen, Konvertern und
Schlackensammelbehälter gezielt aufzuarbeiten, Elektroöfen zu
reinigen und kontaminierte Schichten abzutragen. Die
erfindungsgemäße Arbeitsweise gestattet, Oberflächen selektiv zu
bearbeiten, ohne daß durch Erschütterungen, Vibrationen und zu
hohe Haltekräfte das Dauerfutter bei Feuerfestauskleidungen
Schaden nimmt.
Mit der extrem hohen Beweglichkeit von Fräskopf und Maschine in
insgesamt sieben Freiheitsgraden erreicht die erfindungsgemäße
Lösung eine außerordentliche hohe Flexibilität nicht nur bei der
Flächenbearbeitung, sondern auch beim Oberflächenbearbeiten
unterschiedlicher Profile. Dazu ist nur die äußere Gestalt des
Außenteils der Trommel zu variieren. Geeignet sind ballige,
konkave oder andere geometrische Formen, so daß es möglich wird,
auch Eckbereiche zu bearbeiten.
Es ist weiterhin möglich, hohe Drehmomente zu übertragen und
zugleich die Führungs- und Zustellkräfte optimal aufzunehmen.The invention makes it possible to specifically refurbish refractory linings from channels, molds, pans, converters and slag collection containers, to clean electric furnaces and to remove contaminated layers. The method of operation according to the invention allows surfaces to be processed selectively without the permanent lining being damaged in refractory linings by shocks, vibrations and excessive holding forces.
With the extremely high mobility of the milling head and the machine in a total of seven degrees of freedom, the solution according to the invention achieves an extraordinarily high degree of flexibility not only in surface machining but also in surface machining of different profiles. Only the outer shape of the outer part of the drum needs to be varied. Spherical, concave or other geometric shapes are suitable, so that it is also possible to machine corner areas.
It is also possible to transmit high torques and at the same time optimally absorb the management and delivery staff.
Durch die Reduzierung mechanischer Bauteile und Elemente, insbesondere den Wegfall des Getriebes ist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in ihrer Bauweise kompakter, aber auch zugleich sicherer, weil ein Festfressen des Fräskopfes weitgehend vermeidbar ist. Durch ihre variableren Arbeitsbreiten steigen die Flächenleistungen und infolge ihrer höheren Effektivität sinken die Entsorgungs- und Betriebskosten der Vorrichtung. Das verhältnismäßig geringere Gewicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung bedeutet weniger Stromverbrauch und eine effizientere Energieausnutzung. By reducing mechanical parts and elements, in particular the omission of the transmission is the one according to the invention Device more compact in design, but also at the same time safer because the milling head is largely seized is avoidable. Due to their variable working widths increase the area performance and due to their higher effectiveness the disposal and operating costs of the device decrease. The relatively lower weight of the invention Device means less power consumption and one more efficient use of energy.
Mit all diesen Merkmale wird erreicht, daß die erfindungsgemäße Lösung den komplexen Anforderungen an eine umweltschonende und effektive Aufarbeitung von Feuerfestmaterialien in metallurgischen Rinnen, Pfannen usw., der Entfernung von kontaminierten harten Schlacken oder der Beseitigung von Schichten im Bereich der großflächigen Asbestsanierung mit hoher Effektivität, Sicherheit, Wartungsfreundlichkeit, Übersichtlichkeit, Kompaktheit besser gerecht wird.With all these features it is achieved that the invention Solution to the complex requirements of an environmentally friendly and effective refurbishment of refractory materials in metallurgical gutters, pans, etc., the removal of contaminated hard slag or the removal of Layers in the area of large-scale asbestos removal with high Effectiveness, security, ease of maintenance, Clarity, compactness is better suited.
Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen.Further advantages and details emerge from the following description with reference to the accompanying Drawings.
Die Erfindung soll nachstehend an einem Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert werden.The invention is intended to be based on an exemplary embodiment are explained in more detail.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine Seitenansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit Raupenfahrzeug, Teleskoparm und Fräskopf,
- Fig. 2
- eine räumliche Darstellung der Anlenkung des Fräskopfes mit Gehäuse und Traversengehäuse an der Aufnahme des Teleskoparmes,
- Fig. 3
- eine perspektivische Ansicht des Fräskopfes mit Gehäuse und Traversengehäuse,
- Fig. 4
- einen Schnitt durch den Fräskopf, dem Gehäuse und dem Traversengehause und
- Fig. 5
- eine Prinzipdarstellung der hydraulischen Parallelschaltung der Antriebe,
- Fig. 6
- eine Ansicht der Meißelanordnung in achsialer Richtung mit Abwicklung und
- Fig. 7
- eine Darstellung der Wendellinien in Vorderansicht auf die Trommeln.
- Fig. 1
- a side view of the device according to the invention with caterpillar vehicle, telescopic arm and milling head,
- Fig. 2
- a spatial representation of the articulation of the milling head with housing and truss housing on the mount of the telescopic arm,
- Fig. 3
- a perspective view of the milling head with housing and truss housing,
- Fig. 4
- a section through the milling head, the housing and the truss housing and
- Fig. 5
- a schematic diagram of the hydraulic parallel connection of the drives,
- Fig. 6
- a view of the chisel arrangement in the axial direction with development and
- Fig. 7
- a representation of the spiral lines in front view of the drums.
Die Fig. 1 zeigt einen fahrbaren Bagger 1 mit Kettenfahrwerk 2,
auf dem sich ein Oberwagen 3 befindet, welcher um die Achse A-A
auf dem Fahrwerk 2 seitenverschwenkbar ist. Ein Teleskoparm 4
ist höhenverstellbar am Oberwagen 3 befestigt, so daß der
Zustellwinkel α des Teleskoparmes 4 gegenüber der
Bearbeitungszone 5 veränderbar ist. In der Fig. 1 ist
beispielsweise ein Zustellwinkel α von 22 bis 31° dargestellt.
Gleichzeitig ist ein Teleskoparm 4 um seine Längsachse B-B
unbegrenzt drehbar (siehe Pfeil I, Fig.2). Der Teleskoparm 4 kann
außerdem durch Ein- oder Ausfahren des Teleskoprohres verkürzt
oder verlängert werden (Pfeil II).
Wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt ist am vorderen Ende des Teleskoparmes 4
eine Aufnahme 6 angelenkt, die eine Nickbewegung der Aufnahme 6
um etwa 120° ermöglicht (Pfeil III). Die Aufnahme 6 trägt einen
Fräskopf 8.
Der Fräskopf 8 besteht aus zwei gegensinnig drehenden (siehe
Pfeil IV) Trommeln 9, einem Gehäuse 10 und einem Traversengehäuse
11 mit Traversenplatte 12. Diese Traversenplatte 12 ist
an der zur Aufnahme 6 gehörenden Platte 7 durch nicht
dargestellte Schraubverbindungen befestigt. Führt die Aufnahme 6
eine Nickbewegung aus, so folgt der Fräskopf 8 dieser Bewegung.
Die Antriebe 21 der Trommeln 9 sind im Gehäuse 10 untergebracht,
das seinerseits drehbar ist zum Traversengehäuse 11 (Pfeil V).
An jeder Trommel 9 des Fräskopfes 8 sind am äußeren Umfang und
der Stirnseite Fräsmeißel 13 (Rundschaftmeißel) in Aufnahmen 14
auswechselbar gehaltert (Fig. 3). 1 shows a mobile excavator 1 with a crawler chassis 2, on which there is an
As shown in FIG. 2, a
The milling
On each
Der weitere Aufbau des Fräskopfes 8 wird anhand der Fig. 4
erläutert. Das Gehäuse 10 des Fräskopfes 8 hat eine
Befestigungsplatte 15 mit einer von der Platte 15 aufragenden
Begrenzungswand 16, die mit einem Gehäusedeckel 17 druckdicht
verschraubt ist.
Jede Trommel 9 besteht aus einem nichtdrehenden rohrförmigen
Innenteil 18, das zugleich Bestandteil der Befestigungsplatte
15 des Gehäuses 10 ist und Einschuböffnungen 19 für die Aufnahme
einer Antriebswelle 20 eines hydraulischen Antriebes 21. Dieser
hydraulische Antrieb 21, beispielsweise ein Radialkolbenmotor,
ist mit seinem Befestigungsflansch 22 an der Befestigungsplatte
15 im Gehäuse verschraubt. Die Antriebswelle 20 ist gegen das
Innenteil 18 zweifach abgestützt, einerseits nahe der
Einschuböffnung 19 mit einem Festlager 23, das aus einem Zwei-Kegelrollenlager
in X-Anordnung besteht und andererseits mit
einem zweireihigen vollrolligen Loslager 24, welches sich nahe
dem Wellende befindet. Die Antriebswelle 20 selbst nimmt in
ihrem Durchmesser stufenweise zum Wellende hin zu, damit am
Wellende ein möglichst großes Drehmoment anliegt und eine große
Biegesteifigkeit erreicht wird. Zur Trommel 9 gehört weiterhin
ein hülsenförmiges Außenteil 25, das stirnseitig und
umfangsmäßig die Meißelaufnahmen 14 trägt, in denen die Meißel
13 gehaltert sind. Die Stirnseite des Außenteils 25 ist an der
Stirnseite der Antriebswelle 24 durch eine Schraubverbindung
kraftschlüssig verbunden, so daß die Drehbewegung der Welle 20
auf das Außenteil 25 direkt übertragen wird. Damit drehen sich
die am Außenteil 25 befestigten Meißel 13 mit. Die Stirnseite
trägt beispielsweise 8 und am Umfang sind insgesamt 36 Meißel
verteilt angeordnet.
Das Außenteil 25 ist auf das feststehende Innenteil 18 soweit
aufgeschoben bis sein am Ende sitzender Kragen 26 mit einer
an der Befestigungsplatte 15 befestigten Schleifdichtung 27 in
Kontakt kommt. Das Außenteil 25 ist somit drehbar um das
Innenteil 18 angeordnet. The further structure of the
Each
The
Die Drehachse C-C (Pfeil IV in Fig. 2) der Trommel 9 liegt somit
in der Flucht der Antriebswelle 20 des Antriebes 21.
Die Drehachsen C-C beider Trommeln 9 sind somit zueinander
parallel mit Abstand nebeneinander angeordnet, so daß im Gehäuse
10 ein ausreichender Platz um die Mittenachse D-D gegeben ist,
um eine hydraulische Schwenkeinrichtung 28 aufzunehmen. Diese
besteht aus einer hydraulischen Drehdurchführung, die durch
einen Durchbruch 29 im Gehäusedeckel 17 in das Traversengehäuse
11 hineinragt. Das Gehause 10 ist drehbar am ringförmigen Teil
30 des Traversengehauses 11 durch eine axiale und radiale
Lagerung 31 abgestützt.
Die hydraulische Schwenkeinrichtung 28 ist mit einem
Hydrauliksystem 32 (Fig.5) verbunden, das zugleich auch die Antriebe 22
versorgt. Dieses Hydrauliksystem 32 umfaßt die Antriebe 21,
die Schwenkeinrichtung 28, den Ölmotor 34, Mengenstromregler 33,
Rückschlagventile, Umsteuerventile und die entsprechenden
Hydraulikleitungen 35.
Wie in Fig. 5 gezeigt, sind die beiden Antriebe 21 parallel
verschaltet. Diese Schaltung gewährleistet, daß die volle
Druckdifferenz des Baggers 1 am Antrieb 21 anliegt und der
Ölvolumenstrom je zur Halfte jedem Antrieb zur Verfügung steht.
Der Betriebspunkt jedes Antriebs wird durch einen 2-Wege-Strommengenregler
33, der den Ölvolumenstrom zu jedem der
Antriebe konstant hält, eingestellt. Notwendig sind ferner nicht
dargestellte Rückschlag- und Überdruckventile.
Damit wird erreicht, daß die Drehzahlen beider Antriebe
unabhängig vom Moment gleich sind.The axis of rotation CC (arrow IV in FIG. 2) of the
The axes of rotation CC of both
The
As shown in Fig. 5, the two
This ensures that the speeds of both drives are the same regardless of the moment.
Bei der Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird der
zuvor beschriebene Bagger 1 so an die Bearbeitungszone 5
herangefahren, daß das Fahrzeug seitlich zur Bearbeitungszone 5
steht. Die im Fräskopf 8 angeordneten Trommeln 9 mit ihren
Fräsmeißeln 13 werden über den Teleskoparm 4 an die Oberfläche
der Bearbeitungszone 5 zugestellt bis die gegenläufig drehenden
Meißel 13 in Eingriff mit dem Untergrund gelangen. Die Meißel
sind auf dem Außtenteil 25 der ersten Trommel 9 auf einer
Wendellinie E-E (siehe Fig. 6 und 7) angeordnet, die zu der
Wendellinie F-F der zweiten Trommel 9 gegenläufig ausgerichtet
ist. Dabei sind die Meißel 13 so auf den Wendeln verteilt, daß
die Meißel 13 nicht gleichzeitig in Eingriff gelangen und auch
der Seitenversatz des Zahneingriffs deutlich verringert ist.
Diese Anordnung stellt sicher, daß eine Kraftkompensation
erreicht wird, die ein Wippen des Teleskoparmes unterbindet. When carrying out the method according to the invention, the excavator 1 described above is moved to the
- Baggerexcavator
- 11
- KettenfahrwerkKettenfahrwerk
- 22
- Oberwagensuperstructure
- 33
- Teleskoparmtelescopic arm
- 44
- Bearbeitungszoneprocessing zone
- 55
- Aufnahmeadmission
- 66
- Platte von 6Plate from 6
- 77
- Fräskopfmilling head
- 88th
- Trommelndrums
- 99
- Gehäusecasing
- 1010
- TraversengehäuseTravers housing
- 1111
- TraversenplatteTravers plate
- 1212
- FräsmeißelTooth
- 1313
- FräseraufnahmeWeldon chuck
- 1414
- Befestigungsplatte von 10Mounting plate of 10
- 1515
- Begrenzungswandboundary wall
- 1616
- Gehäusedeckel von 10Housing cover from 10
- 1717
- Innenteil von 9Inner part of 9
- 1818
- Einschuböffnungeninsertion openings
- 1919
- Antriebswelledrive shaft
- 2020
- hydraulischer Antriebhydraulic drive
- 2121
- BefestigungsflaschBefestigungsflasch
- 2222
- Festlagerfixed bearing
- 2323
- Loslagermovable bearing
- 2424
- Außenteil von 9Outer part of 9
- 2525
- Kragen von 25Collar of 25
- 2626
- SchleifdichtungContact sealing
- 2727
- hydraulische Schwenkeinrichtunghydraulic swivel device
- 2828
- Durchbrüchebreakthroughs
- 2929
- Ringteil von 11Ring part of 11
- 3030
- axiale und radiale Lagerungaxial and radial bearings
- 31 31
- HydraulisystemHydraulisystem
- 3232
- MengenstromreglerMass flow controllers
- 3333
- OlmotorOlmotor
- 3434
- Hydraulikleitungenhydraulic lines
- 3535
- Drehachse des OberwagensAxis of rotation of the superstructure
- A-AA-A
- Zustellwinkelinfeed
- αα
- Längsachse von 4Longitudinal axis of 4
- B-BB-B
- Drehachse von 9Axis of rotation of 9
- C-CC-C
- Mittenachsemid-axis
- D-DD D
- WendellinienWendel lines
- E-E, F-FE-E, F-F
Claims (23)
- Method for removing and/or breaking out coatings or areas of undersurfaces for example profiled reprocessing of channels, ingot moulds, ladles, converters and reservoirs for slag by milling of contours and areas, cleaning of electric furnaces, removal of contaminated wastes and coatings by asbestos measures in which a milling head tipped with tools and driven by a hydraulic motor is engaged with the treated field of the undersurface whereby the milling head is supported by a telescopic arm of a driveable vehicle with superstructure in milling position and slided in direction of treating, and whereby at least two, still even-numbered, axially parallel counter rotating drums (9) are used directly driven by a slow running hydraulic drive (21), whereby the rotating milling tools (13) are engaged with little misaligment one after another on a helix line (E-E;F-F), and whereby both drums are carried out a controlled rotary moving around a common axle (D-D) parallel arranged to the single drums simultaneously in the same direction with the counter rotated movement of the single drums (9).
- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, a pitch movement of the milling head (8) and/or rotary movement of the telescopic arms around his longitudinal axis (B-B) and/or a move in and out of the telescopic arm and/or lifting and lowering motion of the telescopic arm at the superstruction and/or drive motion of the vehicle is performed additional to the feed movement of the drum (9).
- Method according to claim 1, chararcterized in that, the controlled rotary movement is a left or right movement.
- Metod according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that, the drums (9) are rotated with equal rotational speed around your rotary axle (C-C).
- Method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that, the drums (9) are rotated with unequal rotational speed around your rotary axle (C-C).
- Method according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that, the rotational speed of the drums (9) are adjusted by controlling of the oil volume stream of the hydraulic system (32).
- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the drives (21) are connected hydraulical parallel.
- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the drives (21) are connected hydraulical in line.
- Device for removing and/or breaking out coatings or areas of undersurfaces for example profiled reprocessing of channels, ingot moulds, ladles, converters and reservoirs for slag by milling of contours and areas, cleaning of electric furnaces, removal of contaminated wastes and coatings by asbestos measures, with a driveable vehicle running along of the treated undersurface, for instance power shovel, showing a swivelling superstructure, on which a hydraulic swivelling and rotatable telescopic arm is hinged, showing a reception collar for a milling head supported some milling tools driving by a hydraulic motor on his front end, whereby the milling head (8) has at least two, still even-numbered drums (9) whose rotary axles (C-C) are arranged parallel to each other and side by side, every drum (9) has some milling tools (13) arranged at the front end and the circumference of a helix line (E-E;F-F), whereby the helix are positioned to each other contrarily around the drums and the milling tools are distributed so to each other on the helix line that no axial force components arise at the engagement of the milling tools, and whereby a separately hydraulic drive (21) is associated to each drum (9) whose drive shaft (20) is to be aligned with the specific rotary axle of the drum,
said drive shaft is rotatable supported by bearings (23;24) on a non-rotatable tubular inner part (18) of the drum and said shaft extends into the part and is in driving connection with a tubelike outer part (25) of the drum which is rotatable around the inner part (18) and supports the milling tools, whereby the drives are seated on a mounting plate (15) in a housing (10) in which a hydraulic swivel device (28) fixed at a cross-beam housing (11) is arranged on a middle axles (D-D) parallel to the rotary axles (C-C) of the drums (9) for rotation of both drums around the middle axle, whereby the hydraulic swivel device (28) is arranged to extend in the cross-beam housing (11) and is supported by a radially and axially bearing (31) at a ring part (30) of the cross-beam housing, and a oil motor (34), volume governors (33), non-return valves and hydraulic conduits (35) building up a common hydraulic system (32) are provided for the drives (21) and the swivel device (28). - Device according to claim 9, characterized in that, the inner part (18) of the drum and the mounting plate (15) is formed from a single piece.
- Device according to claim 9, characterized in that, the outer part (25) of the drum has a collar (26) which is grindly sealed by sealing against the mounting plate (15).
- Device according to claim 9, characterized in that, the drives (21) are fastened as aplug-in unit at the mounting plate (15).
- Device according to claim 9, characterized in that, the hydraulical drive (21) is a slowly running motor with a high moment, especially plug-in motor of the radial piston typus.
- Device according to claim 9 and 13, characterized in that, the diameter of the drive shaft (20) increases stepwise to the end of the shaft for high torques.
- Device according to claim 9 to 14, characterized in that, the bearing is a locating-type bearing (23) nearly arranged at the drive and a loose bearing (24) nearly arranged at the end of the shaft.
- Device according to claim 9, characterized in that, the swivel device (28) consist of a hydraulic rotary feedthrough and a rotary device.
- Device according to claim 9, characterized in that, the outer part (25) of the drum (9) is trained removable by the inner part (18).
- Device according to clam 9 and 17, characterized in that, the outer part (25) of the drums (9) have an especially crowned, spherical or convex form.
- Device according to one or several aforementioned claims 9 to 18, characterized in that, the milling tools (13) are replaceable arranged in collars at the circumference and at the front side of the outer part (25).
- Device according to claim 9 and 19, characterized in that, the milling tools (13) are cylindrical tools.
- Device according to claim 9, characterized in that, an exhaust device is arranged nearly to the milling tools at the drum (9).
- Device according to claim 9, characterized in that, the drums (9), the housing (10) and the cross-beam housing (11) are liquid-tight encapsulated.
- Device according to claim 9, characterized in that, an underwater camera is associated to the drums (9).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1998/001546 WO1999063291A1 (en) | 1998-06-02 | 1998-06-02 | Method and device for removing and/or breaking out coatings or areas of undersurfaces |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0996845A1 EP0996845A1 (en) | 2000-05-03 |
EP0996845B1 true EP0996845B1 (en) | 2002-03-27 |
Family
ID=6918648
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98936107A Expired - Lifetime EP0996845B1 (en) | 1998-06-02 | 1998-06-02 | Method and device for removing and/or breaking out coatings or areas of undersurfaces |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0996845B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE215212T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU8530098A (en) |
DE (1) | DE59803534D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999063291A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1362954A1 (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2003-11-19 | Fredy Stury AG | Milling head for a construction machine |
DE102005002516A1 (en) * | 2005-01-19 | 2006-07-27 | Penox Gmbh | Apparatus for removing solid smelting residues from a smelting furnace and apparatus for producing metal oxide with such a device |
DE102016115194A1 (en) | 2016-08-16 | 2018-02-22 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | outbreak device |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2395387A1 (en) * | 1977-06-20 | 1979-01-19 | Roche Andre | Drill suspended from boom - has two rotary tools driven by electric motors whose batteries form part of ballast weight |
DE3136236A1 (en) * | 1981-05-02 | 1982-11-25 | Gewerkschaft Eisenhütte Westfalia, 4670 Lünen | Arrangement for clearing blast-furnace channels and the like |
EP0080802A1 (en) * | 1981-10-14 | 1983-06-08 | James Christopher Wallace | A machine for cutting a trench in rock |
DE3225015C1 (en) * | 1982-07-03 | 1983-11-17 | Stahlwerke Peine-Salzgitter Ag, 3150 Peine | cleaning appts. for refractory lined runners - comprising chains mounted on rotating drum |
FR2556993B1 (en) * | 1983-12-22 | 1986-09-19 | Somafer Sa | TOOL FOR CLEANING THE CASTING RIGOLES |
DE3445492C2 (en) * | 1984-02-25 | 1986-10-02 | Turmag Turbo-Maschinen-AG Nüsse & Gräfer, 4322 Sprockhövel | Drill heads for drilling in rock |
AUPN183295A0 (en) * | 1995-03-20 | 1995-04-13 | Gearhart United Pty Ltd | Bi-directional roller reamer |
-
1998
- 1998-06-02 DE DE59803534T patent/DE59803534D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-02 WO PCT/DE1998/001546 patent/WO1999063291A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-06-02 AU AU85300/98A patent/AU8530098A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-06-02 EP EP98936107A patent/EP0996845B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-02 AT AT98936107T patent/ATE215212T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59803534D1 (en) | 2002-05-02 |
ATE215212T1 (en) | 2002-04-15 |
AU8530098A (en) | 1999-12-20 |
WO1999063291A1 (en) | 1999-12-09 |
EP0996845A1 (en) | 2000-05-03 |
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