EP0981572A1 - Polymer compositions - Google Patents
Polymer compositionsInfo
- Publication number
- EP0981572A1 EP0981572A1 EP97924985A EP97924985A EP0981572A1 EP 0981572 A1 EP0981572 A1 EP 0981572A1 EP 97924985 A EP97924985 A EP 97924985A EP 97924985 A EP97924985 A EP 97924985A EP 0981572 A1 EP0981572 A1 EP 0981572A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- composition according
- weight
- surfactant
- parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
- C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
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- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
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- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium containing a sulfur-to-oxygen bond
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- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium containing a sulfur-to-oxygen bond
- C10M135/10—Sulfonic acids or derivatives thereof
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- C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M145/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M145/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
- C10M145/12—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate monocarboxylic
- C10M145/14—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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- C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M145/40—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose
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- C10M149/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M149/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M149/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amido or imido group
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- C10M149/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M149/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C10M157/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more macromolecular compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M143/00 - C10M155/00, each of these compounds being essential
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- C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/50—Aqueous dispersion, e.g. containing polymers with a glass transition temperature (Tg) above 20°C
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- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
- C10L1/125—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof water
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- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
- C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
- C10L1/1824—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms mono-hydroxy
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- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/196—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
- C10L1/1963—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof mono-carboxylic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles
Definitions
- This invention relates to polymer compositions, their preparation and their use as pour-point depressants .
- Crude oils may contain considerable amounts of wax. This wax gradually separates out as such materials are cooled, and at sufficiently low temperatures these materials may solidify completely. The lowest temperature observed during a standard laboratory test (ASTM D.97) at which the waxy material still flows is called the "pour-point" of the material.
- Such polymers are typically polymers obtained by polymerisation of at least one olefinically unsaturated compound, which polymers contain aliphatic hydrocarbon side chains of at least 10 carbon atoms, e.g CIQ-30 aliphatic hydrocarbon side chains. Typically these polymers have molecular weights (M n ) in the range of 10,000 to 1,000,000. Examples of such polymers are described in
- SHELLSWIM - 5X a 50%w solution of an alkyl acrylate polymer in xylene (having a pour point of 27°C)
- SHELLSWIM - 11T a 50%w solution of an alkyl acrylate/vinyl pyridine copolymer in toluene (having a pour point of 18°C) .
- a polymer composition comprising a dispersion of at least one polymer A obtained by polymerisation of at least one olefinically unsaturated compound, which polymer contains aliphatic hydrocarbon side chains of at least 10 carbon atoms, in a continuous aqueous phase comprising a surfactant and at least one polymer B which comprises a thixotropic hydrophilic polymer.
- the polymer compositions according to the present invention advantageously display a low viscosity under transport conditions and a long term " storage stability.
- Suitable polymers A are described in GB-A-1154966, GB-A-1161188, GB-A-1285087 , EP-A-0120512 , EP-A-0236844 and US-A-4547202. These polymers typically have molecular weights (M n ) in the range 10,000 to 1,000,000 and contain CIQ-30 aliphatic hydrocarbon side chains. Preferably polymer A has a molecular weight (M n ) in the range 20,000 to 250,000, more preferably 25,000 to 100,000, e.g. 30,000 to 80,000.
- Polymer A is preferably a homo- or copolymer of one or more (C ⁇ g-30 n-alkyl) acrylates or methacrylates, e.g. 1-docosyl acrylate (C22) > 1-octadecyl acrylate (C_g) and 1-eicosyl acrylate (C20) •
- Suitable copolymers are copolymers of one or more (C_g-30 n-alkyl) acrylates or methacrylates with a monoolefinically unsaturated compound having a nitrogen containing group, such as acrylonitrile, acrylamide, p-aminostyrene, N-vinylpyrrolidone or 4-vinylpyridine .
- polymer A is a polymer of one or more (C ⁇ g_26 n-alkyl) acrylates or a copolymer of one or more (C_g-26 n-alkyl) acrylates and 4-vinyl- pyridine) .
- non-ionic and ionic surfactants are suitable for incorporation in compositions according to the invention.
- the surfactant is selected from alcohol ethoxy sulphate surfactants and lignosulphonate surfactants.
- Such surfactants are typically alkali metal or ammonium salts.
- Alcohol ethoxy sulphate surfactants typically have the formula
- compositions according to the invention suitably contain 0.1 to 20, preferably 1 to 15, more preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight of surfactant per 100 parts by weight of polymer A.
- Polymer B comprises a thixotropic hydrophilic polymer. Solutions of such polymers are known to have a high viscosity at a low shear rate and to have a low viscosity at a high shear rate. Suitable polymers B include for instance polysaccharides (e.g. Xanthan Gum) and partly hydrated polyacrylamides . These polymers typically have number average molecular weights (M n ) in the range 1 x 10 ⁇ to 1 x i F , preferably m the range 5 x 10 5 to 5 x 10 6 .
- M n number average molecular weights
- tnese polymers have a molecular weight distribution (M w /M n , whereby M w is defined as the weight average molecular weight) m the range 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 2, most preferably 1 to 1.5.
- Polymer B is preferably a polysaccharide . Most preferably polymer B is Xanthan Gum.
- compositions according to the invention suitably contain 0.01 to 20, preferably 0.1 to 10, more preferably 0.2 to 5, parts by weight of polymer B per 100 parts by weight of polymer A. These amounts include any minor amounts of solvents such as ethanol which may be present m the surfactant chosen for incorporation m the composition. Other additives may be incorporated m minor amounts m the compositions of the invention such as anti-oxidants, anti-corrosion agents or metal deactivators .
- compositions according to the invention suitably contain more than 20, preferably more than 50, more preferably more than 80, parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weight of polymer A.
- the continuous aqueous phase may comprise two or more different types of thixotropic hydrophilic polymers .
- the invention further provides a process for the preparation of polymer compositions of the invention, which process comprises emulsifying a mixture of polymer A, the surfactant and polymer B at a temperature above the melting point of the polymer A, and cooling the resulting emulsion to a temperature below the melting temperature of polymer A.
- the upper temperature limit for the process will be determined by the lowest decomposition temperature of the various components of the mixture. '.s.ing acrylate polymers as polymer A, alcohol ethoxy sulphate surfactants and/or lignosulphonate surfactants, and temperatures for emulsifying mixtures in the range 50°C to 100°C has been found to be very effective, temperatures in the range 60 to 100°C being preferred.
- a composition of the invention in depressing the pour point of a crude mineral oil or a wax-containing fuel oil or diesel oil.
- the polymer compositions of the invention have particularly useful application according to the invention in inhibition and/or reduction of wax deposition in crude oil pipelines.
- the fact that the present aqueous compositions are fluid at lower temperatures than simple solutions of the relevant polymer at corresponding concentrations in solvents such as toluene or xylene confers significant improvements in handleability in lower temperature environments.
- solvents such as toluene or xylene
- the present aqueous formulations contain little or none of such solvents they constitute very attractive materials from the safety standpoint (flashpoint), when compared with conventional formulations.
- Polymer I is an alkyl acrylate polymer, mp 51°C, of molecular weight (Mn) in the range 49,000 to 76,000 measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) (polyacrylate scale) prepared from a blend of linear alkyl acrylates comprising 1-docosyl acrylate, 1-octadecyl acrylate and 1-eicosyl acrylate.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- ethoxy sulphate is a 60%w solution in aqueous ethanol (2:1 w/w) of ammonium (C 2-15 alcohol) ethoxy sulphates containing 3 mol ethylene oxide/mol (density at 20°C 1.04 kg/1). Examples 1 to 6
- Examples 2 to 6 were prepared in a similar manner to the above suspension, except that in Example 4 Xanthan gum was used instead of PHAM and that hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMAB) was used instead of ethoxysulphate; in comparative Example 5 glycerol was used instead of water and PHAM, the temperature of the thermostatic oil bath was 96°C and the mixture was emulsified for 2 minutes; and in comparative Example 6 glycerol was used instead of PHAM, the temperature of the thermostatic oil bath was 101°C and the mixture was gently emulsified for 1 minute, after which water was added. Details of all six suspensions and their preparation are given in Table 1.
- suspensions were stable at ambient temperature (20°C) for at least one month.
- the suspensions were all liquid at least down to 5°C .
- the suspensions were tested by addition to a Far East crude oil and assessment of the pour point according to ASTM D.97.
- the pour point of the undoped crude oil was 24°C, for examples 1-3, and 30°C for examples 4-6.
- Viscosity was measured at 20 °C with a cone and plate system in a Carri-Med "CSL 500" Rheometer.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1997/002705 WO1998051731A1 (en) | 1997-05-14 | 1997-05-14 | Polymer compositions |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0981572A1 true EP0981572A1 (en) | 2000-03-01 |
Family
ID=8166636
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP97924985A Withdrawn EP0981572A1 (en) | 1997-05-14 | 1997-05-14 | Polymer compositions |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP0981572A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2001525867A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU3028997A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2290345A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1998051731A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003050192A1 (en) | 2001-12-11 | 2003-06-19 | Southwest Research Institute | Antitraction lubricious coating system |
US7405184B2 (en) | 2001-12-11 | 2008-07-29 | Southwest Research Institute | Anti-traction, mobility denial methods and products |
US7625848B2 (en) | 2001-12-11 | 2009-12-01 | Southwest Research Institute | Anti-traction compositions |
US7465360B2 (en) | 2005-05-02 | 2008-12-16 | Southwest Research Institute | Methods for removing a dispersed lubricious coating from a substrate |
US20100130385A1 (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2010-05-27 | Basf Se | Production and use of paraffin inhibitor formulations |
GB0915683D0 (en) | 2009-09-08 | 2009-10-07 | Unilever Plc | Branched high molecular weight addition polymers as viscosity reducers |
WO2017153462A1 (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2017-09-14 | Basf Se | Aqueous polymer dispersions, a method for their preparation and the use thereof as pour-point depressants for crude oil, petroleum, and petroleum products |
WO2018104071A1 (de) | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-14 | Basf Se | Wässrige zusammensetzungen von paraffininhibitoren |
EP3412691A1 (en) | 2017-06-07 | 2018-12-12 | Rhodia Operations | Polymer dispersions for wax inhibition |
SG11202002161XA (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2020-04-29 | Basf Corp | Aqueous polymer dispersions, a method for their preparation and the use thereof as pour-point depressants for crude oil, petroleum, and petroleum products |
US11618845B2 (en) | 2018-11-02 | 2023-04-04 | Rhodia Operations | Polymer dispersions for wax inhibition during stimulation treatment |
WO2023025636A1 (en) | 2021-08-27 | 2023-03-02 | Basf Se | Aqueous dispersions of paraffin inhibitors |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4068676A (en) * | 1976-01-26 | 1978-01-17 | Halliburton Company | Method for dissolving polymeric materials in hydrocarbon liquids |
US4110283A (en) * | 1977-05-10 | 1978-08-29 | Chemische Fabriek Servo B.V. | Crystallization inhibitor for paraffin |
US4659771A (en) * | 1985-08-22 | 1987-04-21 | Hercules Incorporated | Polyacrylate dispersions |
US4801643A (en) * | 1987-03-30 | 1989-01-31 | Hercules Incorporated | Small particle size non-surface active protective colloid-stabilized latexes derived from monomers of high aqueous phase grafting tendencies |
GB9006315D0 (en) * | 1990-03-21 | 1990-05-16 | Shell Int Research | Polymer compositions |
DE4224044A1 (de) * | 1992-07-21 | 1994-01-27 | Bostik Gmbh | Frühregenfeste Dichtmasse auf Basis wäßriger Acrylatdispersionen und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
DE4407841A1 (de) * | 1994-03-09 | 1995-09-14 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | Pulverförmige, redispergierbare Bindemittel |
-
1997
- 1997-05-14 AU AU30289/97A patent/AU3028997A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-05-14 EP EP97924985A patent/EP0981572A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-05-14 CA CA002290345A patent/CA2290345A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-05-14 JP JP54871898A patent/JP2001525867A/ja active Pending
- 1997-05-14 WO PCT/EP1997/002705 patent/WO1998051731A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO9851731A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2290345A1 (en) | 1998-11-19 |
JP2001525867A (ja) | 2001-12-11 |
AU3028997A (en) | 1998-12-08 |
WO1998051731A1 (en) | 1998-11-19 |
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