EP0974804B1 - Heat exchanger, more particularly heat exchanger for exhaust gases - Google Patents

Heat exchanger, more particularly heat exchanger for exhaust gases Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0974804B1
EP0974804B1 EP99113222A EP99113222A EP0974804B1 EP 0974804 B1 EP0974804 B1 EP 0974804B1 EP 99113222 A EP99113222 A EP 99113222A EP 99113222 A EP99113222 A EP 99113222A EP 0974804 B1 EP0974804 B1 EP 0974804B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
plates
ducts
flow ducts
flow channels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP99113222A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0974804A2 (en
EP0974804A3 (en
Inventor
Roland Dipl.-Ing. Strähle
Wolfgang Dipl.-Ing. Knecht
Viktor Brost
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Modine Manufacturing Co
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Modine Manufacturing Co
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Publication of EP0974804A3 publication Critical patent/EP0974804A3/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/042Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
    • F28F3/044Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element the deformations being pontual, e.g. dimples
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0037Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2240/00Spacing means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/10Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media
    • F28F2250/102Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media with change of flow direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular an exhaust gas heat exchanger, consisting of a stack of heat exchanger plates that separate flow form channels that run parallel to each other, with collecting spaces, inlet and outlet for the exhaust gas and for the preferably liquid coolant.
  • EP 677 715 A1 represents the prior art, of which the preamble has been derived.
  • the exhaust gas heat exchanger there is advantageous because that Exhaust gas without significant deflections that cause pressure losses Can flow through the heat exchanger.
  • the stack of heat exchanger plates by an enclosure enclosed, which leads to the disadvantages already mentioned.
  • the plate pack is executed according to the so-called rod-plate construction, which means many individual There are components that need to be assembled. That can be as be viewed elaborately.
  • the object of the invention is a compact and efficient heat exchanger to propose that is inexpensive to manufacture and a better one Should have flexibility with regard to the installation space and the connection positions.
  • the solution according to the invention results from the patent claims.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention has flow channels of different lengths. The range mentioned above corresponds approximately to the length of the shorter flow channels.
  • the rectangular slats can be, or have a shape other than rectangular can. Rectangular slats ensure good heat transfer on the one hand, without on the other hand to offer the exhaust gas opportunities to deposit and in the course of Time to close the flow channels.
  • the heat exchanger plates have knobs on the coolant side.
  • the pimples one heat exchanger plate touch the knobs of the next heat exchanger plate, so that they can be connected to each other and to Compactness of the heat exchanger contribute.
  • knobs instead of these knobs also fins or other turbulence-generating elements can be provided.
  • Both flow channels are through Merging heat exchanger plates formed, all the same Have shape, which is very advantageous in terms of production technology and to reduce costs contributes.
  • the different length of the flow channels is also through this a kind of heat exchanger plates have been realized.
  • the heat exchanger plates have edges that extend across the entire length of the panels Formed side, for example downwards with respect to the plate level, (Back) and one over the length of the shorter flow channels Have edge characteristics that are opposite to the deformation, i.e. after is formed above the plate level (front).
  • An advantageous embodiment has the ones already mentioned on the same side of the panel (front) Nubs.
  • Two heat exchanger plates each with their over the Total length-reaching edges, so with the back, put together and form the one flow channel between them. The other flow channel is realized in that the next heat exchanger plate on the front Front is placed, which is followed by back to back, etc.
  • the inventive idea with shorter and longer flow channels can of course also - realized differently than described above - thereby be that instead of the edge reshaping and edge stamping rods be inserted, which have the length of the shorter flow channels and the are connected to the plates.
  • the plates are preferably on the opposite longitudinal edges only folded. Two such plates will be then folded together like a box and forming a flow channel within out.
  • the adjacent flow channel is through the mentioned rods formed or limited on the long sides.
  • the water-cooled exhaust gas heat exchanger 1 is in a first in FIGS. 1 to 6 Embodiment shown.
  • the exhaust gas heat exchanger consists entirely of a suitable stainless steel. All connections between the parts are made by soldering.
  • Fig. 1 the left collecting space 4 for the cooling water and the collecting space 7 drawn for the exhaust gas in section to show details.
  • the exhaust gas flows through the inlet 14 into the collecting space 7 and through the flow channels 2 in a straight path through the heat exchanger 1 to pass this over the Leave outlet 15 again.
  • the inlets and outlets 14, 15 have suitable ones Connections that have been shown here simply as connection flanges.
  • the Cooling water flows at the inlet 8 into the collecting space 4 and is distributed over the Flow channels 3, which run parallel to the flow channels 2 and alternate with these.
  • the collecting rooms 4 are from the tube sheets 5 and 6 been formed, the jacket 5 of the collecting spaces 4 by the erected Edge 12 of the tube sheet 5, the one with the edge of the tube sheet 6 Connection surface 13 forms, has been produced in this embodiment.
  • the stack consisting of identical heat exchanger plates P1 and P2 has shorter flow channels 3 on and longer flow channels 2, what below is explained in more detail.
  • the different lengths L and I of the flow channels 2 and 3 was drawn in Fig. 1.
  • the longer flow channels 2 go through the collecting spaces 4 and are in the openings 17 of the second Pipe base 6 attached sealingly. (see also FIG. 4, in which three openings 17 for which three flow channels 2 are shown)
  • FIG. 4 and also FIG. 3 further show that in the flow channels 2 Rectangular fins 25 have been inserted to improve the heat exchange.
  • the fins 25 are with the heat exchanger plates P1 and P2 and with connected to the walls of the flow channels 2.
  • the tube sheet 5 merely has an opening 16, as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the opening 16 is a rectangle.
  • Fig. 6 shows in an enlarged section the attachment of the Heat exchanger plates P1 and P2 in this opening 16.
  • An end plate 11 has been drawn.
  • An identical plate 11 is located at the bottom of the opening 16, not shown.
  • the end plates 11 cover the heat exchanger plates P1; P2 completely (Fig. 2) and limit the upper and lower flow channel 3, that for cooling water is provided.
  • identical heat exchanger plates were used P1 and P2 are used, which have been shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 are.
  • the heat exchanger plates P1; P2 are rectangular here and have consequently two opposite longitudinal edges 21.
  • the heat exchanger plates P1; P2 are connected to their edge features 23 and the flow channels 3 train. Into these flow channels 3 extend into This embodiment knobs 20.
  • the knobs 20 have the same height like the margins 23 and are otherwise arranged so that they with the knobs 20 on the adjacent heat exchanger plate P1 or P2 Touch to be connected as well.
  • Fig. 8 shows another embodiment in which the edge 21 of the heat exchanger plates P1 and P2 were simply folded over the entire length L. is, so that the heat exchanger plates P1 and P2 are nested one inside the other can be used to form the flow channels 2. Between these flow channels 2 is on both edges 21 each a rod 24, which is twice the height of Knobs 20 has. The length of the rods 24 corresponds to the length l, so that on in this way the flow channels 3 can be formed.
  • FIG. 9 Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 9, which makes it clear that with regard to the flow through the heat exchanger realizes all possible variants are, whereby the proposed basic principle is not abandoned.
  • the inlet 14 and the outlet 15 are arranged on this collecting space 7, so that the exhaust gas for example via two flow channels 3 in the one on the opposite Side arranged deflection plenum 18 flow and after the deflection return to outlet 15 via the other two flow channels 3 can.
  • Another embodiment not shown, has the inlet and outlet for the coolant on one side of the heat exchanger and the inlet and outlet for the exhaust gas on the opposite side of the heat exchanger.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Abstract

The flow channels (2) of the heat exchanger are longer than the flow channels (3) and extend through the collection chamber (4) having inlets and outlets (8, 9). In region (l), in which both flow channels run parallel to each other, the heat exchanger does not have a housing. Heat exchanger , especially waste gas heat exchanger, consists of a stack of heat exchange plates forming divided flow channels running parallel to each other, with collection chambers, and inlet and outlet for the waste gas and for liquid coolant. The flow channels (2) of the heat exchanger are longer than the flow channels (3) and extend through the collection chamber (4) having inlets and outlets (8, 9). In region (l), in which both flow channels run parallel to each other, the heat exchanger does not have a housing.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmetauscher, insbesondere Abgaswärmetauscher, bestehend aus einem Stapel von Wärmetauscherplatten, die getrennte Strömungs kanäle ausbilden, die parallel zueinander verlaufen, mit Sammelräumen, Einlaß und Auslaß für das Abgas sowie für das vorzugsweise flüssige Kühlmittel.The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular an exhaust gas heat exchanger, consisting of a stack of heat exchanger plates that separate flow form channels that run parallel to each other, with collecting spaces, inlet and outlet for the exhaust gas and for the preferably liquid coolant.

Wie das deutsche Gebrauchsmuster Nr. 83 19 866 nur exemplarisch zeigt, hat man zu Beginn der 80-er Jahre Abgaswärmetauscher häufig als sogenannte Röhrenbündelwärmetauscher konzipiert, die aus einem Bündel von Rundrohren bestehen, das beidendig in Rohrböden mündet. Die Ein - und Auslässe für das Abgas befinden sich an gegenüberliegenden Enden. Dort sind auch Sammelräume ausgebildet, von denen aus sich das Abgas auf die einzelnen Rohre des Bündels verteilt und dieses durchströmt. Die Ein-und Auslässe sind in relativer Nähe zu den anderen Ein-und Auslässen so angeordnet, daß sich die Strömungsrichtungen der beiden Medien in diesem Bereich kreuzen.As the German utility model No. 83 19 866 only shows as an example At the beginning of the 80s, exhaust gas heat exchangers were often called so-called Tube bundle heat exchanger designed from a bundle of round tubes exist, which ends at both ends in tube sheets. The inlets and outlets for the Exhaust gases are located at opposite ends. There are also collecting rooms trained, from which the exhaust gas on the individual pipes of the Distributes the bundle and flows through it. The inlets and outlets are in relative Proximity to the other inlets and outlets arranged so that the flow directions cross the two media in this area.

Von solchen Röhrenwärmetauschern, als Abgaswärmetauscher, hat man sich später wieder entfernt, weil sie leistungsmäßig unbefriedigend und zu großbauend sind. Letzteres vor allem wegen des erforderlichen äußeren Gehäuses - meist in Zylinderform - welches das Bündel einschließt und die Strömungskanäle für das Kühlmittel außen begrenzt. Insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge benötigt man Abgaswärmetauscher, die sehr platzsparend sein müssen, bei gleichzeitig hohen Leistungsparametern. Runde Querschnittsformen haben einen niedrigeren Raumnutzungsgrad.One has become acquainted with such tube heat exchangers, as exhaust gas heat exchangers later removed again because they are unsatisfactory in performance and too large are. The latter mainly because of the required outer housing - mostly in Cylindrical shape - which includes the bundle and the flow channels for that Coolant limited outside. Exhaust gas heat exchangers are required in particular for motor vehicles, that have to be very space-saving with high performance parameters. Round cross-sectional shapes have a lower space utilization.

Deshalb und auch aus Kostengründen, ist man später dazu übergegangen, sogenannte gehäuselose Plattenwärmetauscher als Abgaswärmetauscher vorzusehen, wie es z.B. in dem deutschen Gebrauchsmuster Nr. 296 16 354, das von der Anmelderin stammt, gezeigt ist.For this reason and also for reasons of cost, we later switched to to provide so-called houseless plate heat exchangers as exhaust gas heat exchangers, as it e.g. in German Utility Model No. 296 16 354, the from the applicant is shown.

Das EP 677 715 A1 stellt den Stand der Technik dar, von dem der Oberbegriff abgeleitet worden ist. Der dortige Abgaswärmetauscher ist vorteilhaft, weil das Abgas ohne wesentliche Umlenkungen, die Druckverluste verursachen, den Wärmetauscher durchströmen kann. Allerdings ist für den Fall, daß das Abgas mit Wasser gekühlt wird, der Stapel der Wärmetauscherplatten von einem Gehäuse umschlossen, was zu den schon erwähnten Nachteilen führt. Ferner ist die Flexibilität des Wärmetauschers bezüglich verschiedener Anschlußlagen, insbesondere für die Kühlmittelanschlüsse, verbesserungsbedürftig. Das Plattenpaket ist nach der sogenannten Stab-Platten-Bauweise ausgeführt, wodurch viele einzelne Bauteile vorhanden sind, die zusammengefügt werden müssen. Das kann als aufwendig angesehen werden.EP 677 715 A1 represents the prior art, of which the preamble has been derived. The exhaust gas heat exchanger there is advantageous because that Exhaust gas without significant deflections that cause pressure losses Can flow through the heat exchanger. However, in the event that the exhaust gas with Water is cooled, the stack of heat exchanger plates by an enclosure enclosed, which leads to the disadvantages already mentioned. Furthermore, the flexibility of the heat exchanger with respect to various connection positions, in particular for the coolant connections, in need of improvement. The plate pack is executed according to the so-called rod-plate construction, which means many individual There are components that need to be assembled. That can be as be viewed elaborately.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, einen kompakten und effizienten Wärmetauscher vorzuschlagen, der kostengünstig herzustellen ist und eine bessere Flexibilität bezüglich des Einbauraumes und der Anschlußlagen aufweisen soll. Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung ergibt sich aus den Patentansprüchen.The object of the invention is a compact and efficient heat exchanger to propose that is inexpensive to manufacture and a better one Should have flexibility with regard to the installation space and the connection positions. The solution according to the invention results from the patent claims.

Das Vorsehen eines oder zweier gegenüberliegender Sammelräume für das eine Medium, vorzugsweise für das Kühlwasser, die von den Strömungskanälen für das andere Medium, also dem Abgas, durchdrungen sind, führt zu sehr flexiblen Anschlußmöglichkeiten für die Ein-und/oder Austrittsstutzen, denn diese können sich an beliebigen Stellen am gesamten Umfang des Sammelraumes befinden, ohne daß dadurch wesentlicher Aufwand erforderlich ist. Wenn eine bessere Flexibilität der Anschlußlage auf der Abgasseite gewünscht wird, liegt es selbstverständlich im Rahmen der Erfindung, die Kühlmittelseite mit der Abgasseite zu vertauschen und die Strömungskanäle entsprechend anzupassen. Das Hindurchgehen der Strömungskanäle des einen Mittels durch den Sammelraum des anderen Mittels führt zu dem Nebeneffekt, daß in dem Sammelraum selbst bereits ein Wärmeaustausch stattfindet, der zur hohen Effizienz des Gesamtwärmeaustausches beiträgt.The provision of one or two opposite collection rooms for one Medium, preferably for the cooling water, by the flow channels for the other medium, i.e. the exhaust gas, is permeated, leads to very flexible Connection options for the inlet and / or outlet connection, because these can are located anywhere along the entire circumference of the assembly room, without significant effort being required. If a better one Flexibility of the connection position on the exhaust side is desired, of course in the context of the invention, the coolant side with the exhaust side interchange and adjust the flow channels accordingly. Going through the flow channels of one agent through the collecting space of the other By means of the side effect that already exists in the collecting room a heat exchange takes place, which leads to the high efficiency of the total heat exchange contributes.

Damit konnte den Forderungen der Automobilindustrie und der anderen Anwender in bester Weise entsprochen werden.This could meet the demands of the automotive industry and other users be met in the best possible way.

Das trifft auch auf die kompakte, raumsparende Gestalt des Wärmetauschers zu, die durch die gehäuselose Bauweise im überwiegenden Bereich des Wärmetauschers, nämlich dort wo die Strömungskanäle parallel zueinander verlaufen, erzielt worden ist. Der erfindungsgemäße Wärmetauscher hat Strömungskanäle unterschiedlicher Länge. Der zuvor erwähnte Bereich entspricht etwa der Länge der kürzeren Strömungskanäle.This also applies to the compact, space-saving design of the heat exchanger, due to the housingless design in the predominant area of the heat exchanger, namely where the flow channels run parallel to each other, has been achieved. The heat exchanger according to the invention has flow channels of different lengths. The range mentioned above corresponds approximately to the length of the shorter flow channels.

In den Strömungskanälen für das Abgas sind Lamellen eingelegt, die Rechtecklamellen sein können, oder auch eine andere als rechteckige Ausbildung haben können. Rechtecklamellen sorgen einerseits für guten Wärmeübergang, ohne andererseits dem Abgas Möglichkeiten zu bieten, sich abzulagern und im Laufe der Zeit die Strömungskanäle zu verschließen.Slats are inserted in the flow channels for the exhaust gas, the rectangular slats can be, or have a shape other than rectangular can. Rectangular slats ensure good heat transfer on the one hand, without on the other hand to offer the exhaust gas opportunities to deposit and in the course of Time to close the flow channels.

Auf der Kühlmittelseite weisen die Wärmetauscherplatten Noppen auf. Die Noppen der einen Wärmetauscherplatte berühren die Noppen der nächsten Wärmetauscherplatte, so daß sie miteinander verbunden werden können und zur Kompaktheit des Wärmetauschers beitragen. Es versteht sich jedoch, daß anstelle dieser Noppen ebenfalls Lamellen oder andere turbulenzerzeugende Elemente vorgesehen werden können. Beide Strömungskanäle werden durch Zusammenfügen von Wärmetauscherplatten ausgebildet, die alle die gleiche Form aufweisen, was fertigungstechnisch sehr vorteilhaft ist und zur Kostensenkung beiträgt. Auch die unterschiedliche Länge der Strömungskanäle ist durch diese eine Art Wärmetauscherplatten realisiert worden. Die Wärmetauscherplatten besitzen Ränder, die über die Gesamtlänge der Platten, zu einer Seite umgeformt sind, beispielsweise bezüglich der Plattenebene nach unten, (Rückseite) und die über die Länge der kürzeren Strömungskanäle eine Randausprägung aufweisen, die entgegengesetzt zur Umformung, also nach oberhalb der Plattenebene (Frontseite) ausgebildet ist. Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform hat auf der gleichen Plattenseite (Frontseite) auch die bereits erwähnten Noppen. Jeweils zwei Wärmetauscherplatten werden mit ihren über die Gesamtlänge reichenden Rändern, also mit der Rückseite, aneinandergelegt und bilden dazwischen den einen Strömungskanal aus. Der andere Strömungskanal wird dadurch realisiert, daß die nächste Wärmetauscherplatte Frontseite auf Frontseite aufgelegt wird, worauf dann wieder Rückseite auf Rückseite folgt usw.. Die erfinderische Idee mit kürzeren und längeren Strömungskanälen kann selbstverständlich auch - anders als vorstehend geschildert - dadurch realisiert werden, daß anstelle der Randumformungen und Randausprägungen Stäbe eingelegt werden, die die Länge der kürzeren Strömungskanäle aufweisen und die mit den Platten verbunden sind. In diesem Fall sind die Platten vorzugsweise an den gegenüberliegeden Längsrändern nur umgekantet. Zwei solche Platten werden dann schachtelartig zusammengelegt und bilden innerhalb einen Strömungskanal aus. Der angrenzende Strömungskanal wird durch die genannten Stäbe gebildet bzw. an den Längsseiten begrenzt. The heat exchanger plates have knobs on the coolant side. The pimples one heat exchanger plate touch the knobs of the next heat exchanger plate, so that they can be connected to each other and to Compactness of the heat exchanger contribute. However, it is understood that instead of these knobs also fins or other turbulence-generating elements can be provided. Both flow channels are through Merging heat exchanger plates formed, all the same Have shape, which is very advantageous in terms of production technology and to reduce costs contributes. The different length of the flow channels is also through this a kind of heat exchanger plates have been realized. The heat exchanger plates have edges that extend across the entire length of the panels Formed side, for example downwards with respect to the plate level, (Back) and one over the length of the shorter flow channels Have edge characteristics that are opposite to the deformation, i.e. after is formed above the plate level (front). An advantageous embodiment has the ones already mentioned on the same side of the panel (front) Nubs. Two heat exchanger plates each with their over the Total length-reaching edges, so with the back, put together and form the one flow channel between them. The other flow channel is realized in that the next heat exchanger plate on the front Front is placed, which is followed by back to back, etc. The inventive idea with shorter and longer flow channels can of course also - realized differently than described above - thereby be that instead of the edge reshaping and edge stamping rods be inserted, which have the length of the shorter flow channels and the are connected to the plates. In this case the plates are preferably on the opposite longitudinal edges only folded. Two such plates will be then folded together like a box and forming a flow channel within out. The adjacent flow channel is through the mentioned rods formed or limited on the long sides.

Nach dem vorgeschlagenen erfinderischen Prinzip kann der Wärmetauscher sowohl mit gegenüberliegenden Sammelräumen für das Abgas und/oder für das Kühlmittel und Durchströmung auf einem geraden Weg angewendet werden, als auch bei Wärmetauschern, die nur an einer Seite einen Sammelraum für das Abgas und/oder für das Kühlmittel haben und am gegenüberliegenden Ende einen Umlenkraum aufweisen. Dabei ist, wie an sich bekannt, in dem einen Sammelraum eine Trennplatte angeordnet. Die Nutzung dieser Varianten verbessert die Flexibilität der Anschlußlagen auf der Abgasseite und auf der Kühlmittelseite. Vorzugsweise sind die äußeren Strömungskanäle für das Kühlmittel gedacht, weil dadurch die Strahlungswärme des Wärmetauschers geringer gehalten werden kann. Das ist bei Abgastemperaturen von 700°C und mehr nicht unwesentlich und trägt zur Reduzierung der Motorenerwärmung bei, inbesondere bei Motoren in Kapselbauweise. Bei dieser Variante befindet sich je eine Abschlußplatte auf und unter dem Stapel der Wärmetauscherplatten, die den Kühlmittelkanal nach außen begrenzen. Dadurch entsteht darüber hinaus der Vorteil, daß die Verbindung des Stapels der Wärmetauscherplatten mit dem einen Rohrboden einfacher ausgeführt werden kann, weil die Öffnung im Rohrboden als Viereck ausgebildet ist. Weitere unter Umständen wichtige Merkmale, die sich auch als erfindungswesentlich herausstellen könnten, gehen aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen hervor. Dazu wird Bezug auf die beiliegenden Zeichnungen genommen, die folgendes zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 Seitenansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform
  • Fig. 2 Draufsicht von Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 Ansicht aus Richtung des Pfeiles III in Fig. 1
  • Fig. 4 Ähnlich Fig. 3, aber ohne Abgaseinlaß gezeichnet
  • Fig. 5 Längsschnitt durch einen Sammelraum
  • Fig. 6 Schnitt A in Fig. 5, vergrößert
  • Fig. 7 Ansicht auf einen Rohrboden
  • Fig. 8 Ähnlich Ansicht A in Fig. 5 - andere Ausführungsform
  • Fig. 9 Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform
  • Fig. 10 Draufsicht auf eine Wärmetauscherplatte
  • Fig.11 Ansicht nach Pfeil XI in Fig. 10
  • Fig.12 Vergrößerter Ausschnitt des Randes der Platte nach Pfeil XII in Fig. 10
  • According to the proposed inventive principle, the heat exchanger can be used both with opposite collection spaces for the exhaust gas and / or for the coolant and flow in a straight line, as well as with heat exchangers that have a collection space for the exhaust gas and / or for only one side Have coolant and have a deflection space at the opposite end. As is known per se, a separating plate is arranged in the collecting space. The use of these variants improves the flexibility of the connection positions on the exhaust gas side and on the coolant side. The outer flow channels are preferably intended for the coolant because the radiant heat of the heat exchanger can thereby be kept lower. This is not insignificant at exhaust gas temperatures of 700 ° C and more and contributes to the reduction of engine heating, especially for engines in capsule construction. In this variant, there is an end plate on and under the stack of heat exchanger plates, which limit the coolant channel to the outside. This also has the advantage that the connection of the stack of heat exchanger plates with the one tube sheet can be carried out more simply because the opening in the tube sheet is designed as a square. Other possibly important features, which could also prove to be essential to the invention, can be found in the following description of exemplary embodiments. Reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which show the following:
  • Fig. 1 side view of a first embodiment
  • 2 top view of FIG. 1st
  • 3 view from the direction of arrow III in Fig. 1st
  • Fig. 4 Similar to Fig. 3, but drawn without an exhaust gas inlet
  • Fig. 5 longitudinal section through a collecting space
  • Fig. 6 section A in Fig. 5, enlarged
  • Fig. 7 view of a tube sheet
  • Fig. 8 Similar to view A in Fig. 5 - different embodiment
  • Fig. 9 side view of another embodiment
  • Fig. 10 plan view of a heat exchanger plate
  • Fig. 11 View according to arrow XI in Fig. 10
  • Fig. 12 Enlarged section of the edge of the plate according to arrow XII in Fig. 10
  • Der wassergekühlte Abgaswärmetauscher 1 ist in den Fig. 1 bis 6 in einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt.The water-cooled exhaust gas heat exchanger 1 is in a first in FIGS. 1 to 6 Embodiment shown.

    Der Abgaswärmetauscher besteht komplett aus einem geeigneten Edelstahl. Sämtliche Verbindungen zwischen den Teilen werden mittels Löten hergestellt. In der Fig. 1 wurde der linke Sammelraum 4 für das Kühlwasser und der Sammelraum 7 für das Abgas im Schnitt gezeichnet, um Einzelheiten zu zeigen. Das Abgas strömt durch den Einlaß 14 in den Sammelraum 7 und über die Strömungskanäle 2 auf geradem Weg durch den Wärmetauscher 1, um diesen über den Auslaß 15 wieder zu verlassen. Die Ein-und Auslässe 14, 15 besitzen geeignete Anschlüsse, die hier einfach als Anschlußflansche dargestellt worden sind. Das Kühlwasser strömt am Einlaß 8 in den Sammelraum 4 und verteilt sich auf die Strömungskanäle 3, die parallel mit den Strömungskanälen 2 verlaufen und sich mit diesen abwechseln. Die Sammelräume 4 sind aus den Rohrböden 5 und 6 gebildet worden, wobei der Mantel 5 der Sammelräume 4 durch den aufgerichteten Rand 12 des Rohrbodens 5, der mit dem Rand des Rohrbodens 6 eine Verbindungsfläche 13 bildet, in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel hergestellt worden ist. Der aus identischen Wärmetauscherplatten P1 und P2 bestehende Stapel weist kürzere Strömungskanäle 3 auf und längere Strömungskanäle 2, was weiter unten genauer erläutert ist. Die unterschiedliche Länge L und I der Strömungskanäle 2 und 3 wurde in Fig. 1 eingezeichnet. Die längeren Strömungskanäle 2 gehen durch die Sammelräume 4 hindurch und sind in den Öffnungen 17 des zweiten Rohrbodens 6 abdichtend befestigt. ( siehe auch Fig. 4, in der drei Öffnungen 17 für die drei Strömungskanäle 2 gezeigt sind)The exhaust gas heat exchanger consists entirely of a suitable stainless steel. All connections between the parts are made by soldering. In Fig. 1, the left collecting space 4 for the cooling water and the collecting space 7 drawn for the exhaust gas in section to show details. The exhaust gas flows through the inlet 14 into the collecting space 7 and through the flow channels 2 in a straight path through the heat exchanger 1 to pass this over the Leave outlet 15 again. The inlets and outlets 14, 15 have suitable ones Connections that have been shown here simply as connection flanges. The Cooling water flows at the inlet 8 into the collecting space 4 and is distributed over the Flow channels 3, which run parallel to the flow channels 2 and alternate with these. The collecting rooms 4 are from the tube sheets 5 and 6 been formed, the jacket 5 of the collecting spaces 4 by the erected Edge 12 of the tube sheet 5, the one with the edge of the tube sheet 6 Connection surface 13 forms, has been produced in this embodiment. The stack consisting of identical heat exchanger plates P1 and P2 has shorter flow channels 3 on and longer flow channels 2, what below is explained in more detail. The different lengths L and I of the flow channels 2 and 3 was drawn in Fig. 1. The longer flow channels 2 go through the collecting spaces 4 and are in the openings 17 of the second Pipe base 6 attached sealingly. (see also FIG. 4, in which three openings 17 for which three flow channels 2 are shown)

    Die Fig. 4 und auch die Fig. 3 zeigen ferner, daß in den Strömungskanälen 2 Rechtecklamellen 25 eingelegt worden sind, um den Wärmeaustausch zu verbessern. Die Lamellen 25 sind mit den Wärmetauscherplatten P1 und P2 bzw. mit den Wandungen der Strömungskanäle 2 verbunden.4 and also FIG. 3 further show that in the flow channels 2 Rectangular fins 25 have been inserted to improve the heat exchange. The fins 25 are with the heat exchanger plates P1 and P2 and with connected to the walls of the flow channels 2.

    Der Rohrboden 5 hat bloß eine Öffnung 16, wie die Fig. 7 zeigt. Die Öffnung 16 ist ein Rechteck. Die Fig. 6 zeigt in einem vergrößerten Schnitt die Befestigung der Wärmetauscherplatten P1 und P2 in dieser Öffnung 16. Am oberen Rand der Öffnung 16 ist eine Abschlußplatte 11 eingezeichnet worden. Eine identische Platte 11 befindet sich am nicht gezeichneten unteren Rand der Öffnung 16. Die Abschlußplatten 11 decken die Wärmetauscherplatten P1; P2 vollständig ab (Fig. 2) und begrenzen den oberen und unteren Strömungskanal 3, der für Kühlwasser vorgesehen ist. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel wurden identische Wärmetauscherplatten P1 und P2 verwendet, die in den Fig. 10 bis 12 dargestellt worden sind. Die Wärmetauscherplatten P1; P2 sind hier rechteckförmig und haben demzufolge zwei gegenüberliegende Längsränder 21. An diesen Längsrändern 21 befindet sich eine über die gesamte Plattenlänge L reichende Umformung 22, die zur Rückseite R der Plattenebene gerichtet ist. Zur Frontseite F gerichtet, weisen die Wärmetauscherplatten P1 und P2 an den beiden Längsrändern 21 eine Randausprägung 23 auf, die sich nur über die Länge l der Wärmetauscherplatten P1 und P2 erstreckt. Im Zusammenhang mit der Fig. 6 ist zu erkennen, daß jeweils zwei Wärmetauscherplatten P1 und P2 mit ihren Rückseiten R aneinandergelegt sind und innerhalb den Strömungskanal 2 ausbilden, der über die Gesamtlänge L geht. Die Wärmetauscherplatten P 1 und P2 sind an ihren Randumformungen 22 verbunden. An der Frontseite F der Wämetauscherplatte P1 oder P 2 befindet sich die nächste Wärmetauscherplatte P1 oder P2, die ebenfalls mit der Frontseite F dazu angeordnet worden ist, wobei die Wärmetauscherplatten P1; P2 mit ihren Randausprägungen 23 verbunden sind und die Strömungskanäle 3 ausbilden. In diese Strömungskanäle 3 hinein erstrecken sich in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel Noppen 20. Die Noppen 20 haben die gleiche Höhe wie die Randausprägungen 23 und sind im übrigen so angeordnet, daß sie sich mit den Noppen 20 an der benachbarten Wärmetauscherplatte P1 oder P2 berühren, um ebenfalls verbunden zu werden.The tube sheet 5 merely has an opening 16, as shown in FIG. 7. The opening 16 is a rectangle. Fig. 6 shows in an enlarged section the attachment of the Heat exchanger plates P1 and P2 in this opening 16. At the top of the opening 16, an end plate 11 has been drawn. An identical plate 11 is located at the bottom of the opening 16, not shown. The end plates 11 cover the heat exchanger plates P1; P2 completely (Fig. 2) and limit the upper and lower flow channel 3, that for cooling water is provided. In this embodiment, identical heat exchanger plates were used P1 and P2 are used, which have been shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 are. The heat exchanger plates P1; P2 are rectangular here and have consequently two opposite longitudinal edges 21. At these longitudinal edges 21 there is a forming 22 extending over the entire plate length L, which is directed to the rear R of the plate level. Point to the front F, point the heat exchanger plates P1 and P2 on the two longitudinal edges 21 a Edge expression 23, which extends only over the length l of the heat exchanger plates P1 and P2 extends. In connection with FIG. 6 it can be seen that two heat exchanger plates P1 and P2 with their rear sides R placed against each other are and form within the flow channel 2, which over the Total length L goes. The heat exchanger plates P 1 and P2 are at their edge deformations 22 connected. On the front F of the heat exchanger plate P1 or P 2 is the next heat exchanger plate P1 or P2, which is also with the front F has been arranged, the heat exchanger plates P1; P2 are connected to their edge features 23 and the flow channels 3 train. Into these flow channels 3 extend into This embodiment knobs 20. The knobs 20 have the same height like the margins 23 and are otherwise arranged so that they with the knobs 20 on the adjacent heat exchanger plate P1 or P2 Touch to be connected as well.

    Die Fig. 8 zeigt ein anderes Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem der Rand 21 der Wärmetauscherplatten P1 und P2 über die Gesamtlänge L einfach abgekantet worden ist, so daß die Wärmetauscherplatten P1 und P2 schachtelartig ineinandergelegt werden können, zur Bildung der Strömungskanäle 2. Zwischen diesen Strömungskanälen 2 liegt an beiden Rändern 21 je ein Stab 24, der die doppelte Höhe der Noppen 20 aufweist. Die Länge der Stäbe 24 entspricht der Länge l, so daß auf diese Weise die Strömungskanäle 3 ausgebildet werden können.Fig. 8 shows another embodiment in which the edge 21 of the heat exchanger plates P1 and P2 were simply folded over the entire length L. is, so that the heat exchanger plates P1 and P2 are nested one inside the other can be used to form the flow channels 2. Between these flow channels 2 is on both edges 21 each a rod 24, which is twice the height of Knobs 20 has. The length of the rods 24 corresponds to the length l, so that on in this way the flow channels 3 can be formed.

    Eine weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt die Fig. 9, die deutlich macht, daß hinsichtlich der Durchströmung des Wärmetauschers alle möglichen Varianten realisierbar sind, wobei das vorgeschlagene Grundprinzip nicht verlassen wird. Im Sammelraum für das Abgas 7 befindet sich eine Trennwand 19. Der Einlaß 14 und der Auslaß 15 sind an diesem Sammelraum 7 angeordnet, so daß das Abgas beispielsweise über zwei Strömungskanäle 3 in den auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite angeordneten Umlenksammelraum 18 strömen und nach der Umlenkung über die anderen beiden Strömungskanäle 3 wieder zurück zum Auslaß 15 gelangen kann.Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 9, which makes it clear that with regard to the flow through the heat exchanger realizes all possible variants are, whereby the proposed basic principle is not abandoned. in the There is a partition 19 for the exhaust gas 7. The inlet 14 and the outlet 15 are arranged on this collecting space 7, so that the exhaust gas for example via two flow channels 3 in the one on the opposite Side arranged deflection plenum 18 flow and after the deflection return to outlet 15 via the other two flow channels 3 can.

    Ohne besondere Darstellung sei darauf hingewiesen, daß selbstverständlich auch auf der Kühlwasserseite solche Varianten ganz einfach möglich sind, beispielsweise dadurch, daß der Kühlwasserauslaß 9 an den im Bild unteren Sammelraum 4 angeordnet wird, eine Trennplatte im Sammelraum 4 eingesetzt und am gegenüberliegenden Ende ein vergleichbarer Umlenksammelraum für das Kühlwasser vorgesehen wird.Without special representation it should be noted that of course also Such variants are very easily possible on the cooling water side, for example characterized in that the cooling water outlet 9 to the lower collecting space in the picture 4 is arranged, a partition plate is inserted in the collecting space 4 and on opposite end a comparable deflection collecting space for the cooling water is provided.

    Eine weitere nicht gezeigte Ausführungsform hat den Einlaß und den Auslaß für das Kühlmittel auf einer Seite des Wärmetauschers sowie den Einlaß und den Auslaß für das Abgas auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Wärmetauschers. Another embodiment, not shown, has the inlet and outlet for the coolant on one side of the heat exchanger and the inlet and outlet for the exhaust gas on the opposite side of the heat exchanger.

    Liste der BezugszeichenList of reference numbers

    11
    AbgaswärmetauscherExhaust gas heat exchanger
    22
    längere Strömungskanälelonger flow channels
    33
    kürzere Strömungskanäleshorter flow channels
    44
    Sammelraum, KühlwasserStorage room, cooling water
    55
    erster Rohrbodenfirst tube sheet
    66
    zweiter Rohrbodensecond tube sheet
    77
    Sammelraum, AbgasCollection room, exhaust gas
    88th
    Einlaß, KühlwasserInlet, cooling water
    99
    Auslaß, KühlwasserOutlet, cooling water
    1010
    Mantel, Sammelraum 4Coat, collecting room 4
    1111
    Abschlußplatteend plate
    1212
    Bord am Rohrboden 5Board on tube sheet 5
    1313
    Verbindungsflächeinterface
    1414
    Einlaß, AbgasIntake, exhaust gas
    1515
    Auslaß, AbgasExhaust, exhaust
    1616
    Öffnung, Rohrboden 5Opening, tube sheet 5
    1717
    Öffnungen, Rohrboden 6Openings, tube sheet 6
    1818
    Umlenkraum, AbgasDeflection chamber, exhaust gas
    1919
    Trennplatteseparating plate
    2020
    Noppenburl
    2121
    Rand der WärmetauscherplattenEdge of the heat exchanger plates
    2222
    Umformung am RandForming on the edge
    2323
    RandausprägungRand expression
    2424
    Stäberods
    2525
    Lamellenslats
    P1;P2P1; P2
    Wärmetauscherplattenheat exchanger plates
    R;FR F
    Rückseite, Frontseite der PlattenBack, front of the panels
    LL
    Länge der langen StrömungskanäleLength of the long flow channels
    II
    Länge der kurzen Strömungskanäle, = Bereich in dem beide Kanäle parallel laufenLength of the short flow channels, = area in which both channels run in parallel

    Claims (12)

    1. Heat exchanger, in particular exhaust-gas heat exchanger, consisting of a stack of heat exchanger plates (P1; P2) which form separate flow ducts (2, 3) running parallel to one another, with collecting spaces (7, 4) and with an inlet and outlet (8, 9, 14, 15) for the exhaust gas and for the preferably liquid cooling medium, characterized in that the flow ducts (2) for one medium, which are formed from heat exchanger plates (P1; P2), are longer (L) than the flow ducts (3) for the other medium and pass through the at least one collecting space (4) for this other medium, which has inlets and/or outlets (8; 9), and in that the heat exchanger (1) is designed without a housing in the region (I) in which both flow ducts (2; 3) run parallel to one another.
    2. Heat exchanger according to Claim 1, characterized in that the collecting space (4) for the other medium is delimited by two tube sheets (5; 6) located opposite one another and is surrounded by a casing (10) on which the inlets and/or outlets (8; 9) are located.
    3. Heat exchanger according to Claim 2, characterized in that the casing is formed by the rim (12) of one tube sheet (5), said rim forming with the rim of the other tube sheet (6) a connecting surface (13).
    4. Heat exchanger according to Claim 2 or Claim 3, characterized in that the first tube sheet (5) has an orifice (16), in which the stack of heat exchanger plates (P1; P2) which has both flow ducts (2; 3) issues, and the second tube sheet (6) has orifices (17), in which the longer flow ducts (2) issue.
    5. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inlet (14) and the outlet (15) for the exhaust gas and/or for the cooling medium are arranged at opposite ends of the heat exchanger (1).
    6. Heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the inlet (14) and the outlet (15) for the exhaust gas and/or for the cooling medium are arranged on one side of the heat exchanger (1) and a deflecting collecting space (16) is provided at the opposite end.
    7. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger plates (P1; P2), preferably at the longitudinal edges (21) located opposite one another, are formed, over the entire length of the plates, towards one plate side (rear side R) and have, over part (I) of the entire length (L), a pressed-out edge portion (23) towards the other plate side (front side F).
    8. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger plates (P1; P2), lying rear side (R) to rear side (R), form the longer flow ducts (2) which have adjoining them heat exchanger plates (P1; P2), lying front side (F) to front side (F), which form the shorter flow ducts (3) which are again followed by heat exchanger plates (P1; P2) lying rear side (R) to rear side (R).
    9. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shorter flow ducts (3) are preferably cooling-water ducts and the longer ducts (2) are intended for the exhaust gas.
    10. Heat exchanger according to one of Claims 2 - 9, characterized in that the outer ducts (3) are cooling-water ducts which are delimited in each case by a closing plate (11), one tube sheet (5) having an approximately rectangular orifice (16) in order to receive the stack of heat exchanger plates (P1; P2) having both flow ducts (2; 3) and to receive the ends of the closing plates (11).
    11. Heat exchanger according to one of Claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the outer ducts (2) are exhaust-gas ducts, one tube sheet (5) having an orifice which, in the corners, has cutouts for the pressed-out edge portions (23) of the uppermost and lowermost heat exchanger plate (p1; p2), in order to receive the entire stack of heat exchanger plates. (p1; p2).
    12. Heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 6 and 9 to 10, characterized in that the heat exchanger plates (P1; P2) have at the edges (21) a bent portion extending over entire length (L) and are laid one in the other in a nest-like manner to form the flow ducts (2), and, to form the flow ducts (3), between the pairs of plates there are arranged bars (24), the length of which corresponds approximately to the length (I) of the shorter flow ducts (3).
    EP99113222A 1998-07-24 1999-07-08 Heat exchanger, more particularly heat exchanger for exhaust gases Expired - Lifetime EP0974804B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19833338A DE19833338A1 (en) 1998-07-24 1998-07-24 Heat exchangers, in particular exhaust gas heat exchangers
    DE19833338 1998-07-24

    Publications (3)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0974804A2 EP0974804A2 (en) 2000-01-26
    EP0974804A3 EP0974804A3 (en) 2000-06-07
    EP0974804B1 true EP0974804B1 (en) 2002-10-09

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    Country Status (6)

    Country Link
    US (1) US6293337B1 (en)
    EP (1) EP0974804B1 (en)
    JP (1) JP2000097578A (en)
    AT (1) ATE225926T1 (en)
    DE (2) DE19833338A1 (en)
    ES (1) ES2185276T3 (en)

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    Cited By (2)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE10359806A1 (en) * 2003-12-19 2005-07-14 Modine Manufacturing Co., Racine Heat exchanger with flat tubes and flat heat exchanger tube
    US9395121B2 (en) 2007-01-23 2016-07-19 Modine Manufacturing Company Heat exchanger having convoluted fin end and method of assembling the same

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    ATE225926T1 (en) 2002-10-15
    DE59902999D1 (en) 2002-11-14
    EP0974804A2 (en) 2000-01-26
    DE19833338A1 (en) 2000-01-27
    EP0974804A3 (en) 2000-06-07
    JP2000097578A (en) 2000-04-04
    ES2185276T3 (en) 2003-04-16
    US6293337B1 (en) 2001-09-25

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