EP0965809A1 - Device for supporting products in baking furnaces - Google Patents

Device for supporting products in baking furnaces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0965809A1
EP0965809A1 EP99401506A EP99401506A EP0965809A1 EP 0965809 A1 EP0965809 A1 EP 0965809A1 EP 99401506 A EP99401506 A EP 99401506A EP 99401506 A EP99401506 A EP 99401506A EP 0965809 A1 EP0965809 A1 EP 0965809A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bars
feet
support according
products
notches
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Granted
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EP99401506A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0965809B1 (en
Inventor
Philippe Hatton
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Ceric SARL
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Ceric SARL
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D5/00Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D5/00Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace
    • F27D5/0006Composite supporting structures
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/12Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge
    • F27D3/123Furnace cars

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements in support devices products having to pass through a baking oven.
  • Certain dry products such as tiles, for example, do not have, after drying, sufficient mechanical strength to be placed directly on the means which transport them through an oven where they are cooked.
  • the present invention belongs to this technical field but implements supports made up of elements that are assembled so that they can receive the cooking products.
  • the support according to the invention consists of the assembly of three elements: feet, longitudinal bars carried by said feet and cross members placed on the bars across these, intended to carry the products to be cooked and is characterized in that the feet are shaped so that they can be stacked on top of each other so that the supports can be used individually or in stacks.
  • the support for the following products to be cooked consists of the assembly of three elements which are: feet 1, longitudinal bars 2 which are carried by the feet 1 and crosspieces 3 which are laid across the bars 2.
  • feet 1 which can be placed either at the ends of the bars 2, as shown in FIG. 1, or at a certain distance from said ends, as shown in Figures 5 and 6.
  • the bars 2 are carried by the feet 1, being positioned in housings of these.
  • the feet 1 are provided with housings opening on their upper face constituted by notches 10, the bars 2 are then placed in these notches 10.
  • Said housings may also not open into the upper face of the feet and be in the form of blind or through holes drilled in the thickness of the foot.
  • FIG. 7 shows an alternative embodiment in which the housings consist of 120 through holes drilled in the feet 101.
  • At least two housings 10, 120 in each leg 1, 101 it follows that at least two housings 10, 120 in each leg 1, 101, but there may be have more than two.
  • the feet have more than two housings 10, 120, it is possible to constitute a support comprising more than two bars, or have several spacings in order to adapt the spacing between the bars to products that need to be cooked.
  • the feet 1 are shaped so that they can be stacked on top of each other so as to form vertical stacks of supports comprising as many stages of bars 2 and crosspieces 3 as there are feet 1 stacked on top of each other.
  • the products to be cooked 4 which, in the example shown in Figure 8, are interlocking tiles.
  • the support composed by an assembly of feet 1, bars 2, crosspieces 3 bearing products 4 can be placed on the floor 50 of a wagon 5, fitted with wheels 51, rolling on rails 52.
  • the implementation of the supports according to the invention makes it possible to constitute stacks supports with as many floors as desired and adapt the height of stacking in the oven section, or use only one support when using a single-layer oven having a low passage section.
  • the assemblies of three elements according to the invention form assemblies which are manipulable at one time by known manipulation means.
  • gripping means 11 can be, as shown, a part projecting in the middle of the height of a foot 1, this projecting part also being able to be well placed at the base or at the top of the foot 1.
  • this projecting part instead of a part in projection we can practice in the mass of the foot a recess in which can penetrate a finger carried by handling tongs.
  • FIGS. 9 to 11 illustrate different alternative embodiments of the feet 1.
  • the feet shown in Figure 9 are those of Figures 1 to 7.
  • the notches 10 have a section which is a semicircle and are arranged on both sides of each foot 1 so that when the feet 1 are placed one on the other, the notches 10 of the upper face of a foot 1 form with the notches 10 of the lower face of the foot 1, which is placed above, a cylinder in which is fitted the cylindrical bar 2.
  • the feet 1 each have five notches 10 on each of their faces, upper and lower. This therefore spares five cylindrical housings so that one can have up to five bars 2 on these feet.
  • these five housings will be used to have fewer than five bars so as to adapt the spacing between said bars to the dimensions of the products to be cooked, we have shown by way of example in FIG. 10, an arrangement using three bars 2.
  • each bar 2 is located in two notches 10 formed one in the lower foot 1, the other in the upper foot 1, the feet 1 are held in position against any lateral sliding.
  • the notch 10 can also be constituted by a groove having a depth greater than the outside diameter of the bars 2 of so that the bars 2 of a lower leg 1 no longer project into the notches 10 of the upper foot 1 and no longer constitute stops preventing lateral sliding stacked feet.
  • the invention is not limited to the case where the bars 2 are of circular section as well as the bottoms of the notches 10: as illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 13, the bars 2 can have any desired section such as square, triangular or else rectangular or even polygonal.
  • each leg 1 has, at the bottom of the notch 10, which receives the bar 2, a additional notch 110 which receives a flange 20 whose section corresponds to that of the additional notch 110 in order to accommodate it.
  • the notch 110 is slightly larger than the collar 21 to absorb the effects of heat expansion.
  • the sleepers 3 are simply placed on the bars 2 and can have any suitable form to effectively support the products to be cooked, they constitute the laying plan of the products to be cooked and are shaped so as to provide the support needed for each type of product.
  • the crosspieces 31 and 32 are U-section bars which include at least one notch 30 which is housed on the upper part of a bar 2, the notch 30 having a shape corresponding to that of said bar 2.
  • each cross member 31 and 32 does not have that a single notch 30 which engages on a bar 2, the cross 31/32 resting on the other side flat on the other bar so that it can slide slightly on it in case of expansion due to heat.
  • the cross members 32 of FIG. 4 have a greater height than that of the cross members 31 in Figure 3 which allows better positioning of the tiles 4 as seen on the figure 6.
  • the crosspieces 3 may not be bars but be plates 34 as this is shown in Figure 6.
  • These trays 34 can, as seen in the Figure 6, have a section corresponding to that of the bars 31 and be fixed to their end to a bar 32.
  • the invention is not limited to this form particular of tray 34, the important thing being that each tray comprises at least a notch 30 adapted to engage on a bar 2 for its positioning.
  • the crosspieces 131 and 132 are of different shapes. These crosspieces 131, 132 can be arranged on the bars 102 being more or less separated from each other so as to be positioned at best depending on the products to be cooked.
  • the cross member 132 arranged to the left of a cross-member or plate 131 may be further from it than that which is placed to the right of said plate 131 so as to allow passage to a wall extending vertically down from the product to be cooked.
  • the sleepers being placed on the bars, it's easy to move them relative to them to reposition them and thus adapt the support to the shape of the product to be cooked.
  • crosspieces 3 it is still possible to provide for the use of crosspieces 3 by turning them around of one of their three axes.
  • the adaptation of the support installation plan to the products to be cooked is carried out in selecting the crosspieces presenting the supports adapted to the products to be cooked and by positioning on the bars with the correct orientation and spacing.
  • We can this effect either keep the sleepers previously used by spreading them or bringing them together, possibly after having made them revolve around one of their three axes X, Y, Z in order to position them so that their face faces the top shows the supports adapted to the products to be cooked. It is also possible to replace the sleepers with other sleepers with the necessary supports.
  • Figures 20 to 23 show by way of nonlimiting examples different variants of making sleepers 3 and / or plates 34.
  • the cross 3 intended to rest on three bars has a central notch 30 and rests flat on each side on the other two bars 2.
  • the cross-member 3 is similar to those of FIGS. 1 to 6 but, the bars 2 being of square section, the notch 30 is also of square section.
  • the bars 2 being of square section as on Figure 21, the two sides 33 of the square section notch 30 may constitute internal (fig. 22) or external (fig. 23) stops.
  • the different elements feet 1, bars 2 and crosspieces 3 are made of materials refractory or fire resistant.
  • the crosspieces 3 are made of cordierite, silicon carbide or even steel; the bars 2 of refractory material with high mechanical strength such as silicon carbide ; the feet 1 may be of lesser refractory material quality therefore cheaper.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)

Abstract

The support is comprises feet (1) supporting longitudinal bars (2) and crosspieces (3) placed across the bars which carry the products (4) to be baked. The feet are shaped so as to be piled one on the other so that the supports can be used either singly or as a stack.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet des perfectionnements aux dispositifs de support des produits devant traverser un four de cuisson.The present invention relates to improvements in support devices products having to pass through a baking oven.

Certains produits secs, comme par exemple les tuiles, n'ont pas, après séchage, une résistance mécanique suffisante pour être mis directement sur les moyens qui assurent leur transport à travers un four où ils sont cuits.Certain dry products, such as tiles, for example, do not have, after drying, sufficient mechanical strength to be placed directly on the means which transport them through an oven where they are cooked.

Il est connu de les mettre dans des casiers en céramique réfractaire ayant la forme d'un U. On groupe un certain nombre de produits secs dans chaque casier en U, puis on empile les uns sur les autres lesdits casiers sur des wagonnets qui traversent le four de cuisson, ce après quoi les casiers en U sont déchargés des wagonnets et ensuite les tuiles cuites déchargées des casiers en U. Ce type de supports de produits à cuire est décrit notamment dans le brevet français n° 76.03691.It is known to put them in refractory ceramic racks having the shape of a U. We group a certain number of dry products in each U-shaped rack, then said bins are stacked on top of each other on wagons which cross the baking oven, after which the U-shaped lockers are unloaded from the wagons and then the cooked tiles unloaded from the U-shaped bins. This type of product support to be cooked is described in particular in French patent n ° 76.03691.

On a amélioré ce genre de support en leur donnant la forme générale d'un H, c'est-à-dire un plateau central horizontal muni à ses deux extrémités de deux pieds ; de sorte que l'on peut empiler les supports les uns sur les autres, chaque plateau portant un seul produit et le plateau étant muni de reliefs adaptés à la forme du produit à cuire. Un tel support est décrit dans le brevet européen EP 0.210.911.We improved this kind of support by giving them the general shape of an H, that is to say a horizontal central plate provided at its two ends with two feet; so that the supports can be stacked on top of each other, each tray carrying a single product and the tray being provided with reliefs adapted to the shape of the product to be cooked. Such a support is described in European patent EP 0.210.911.

On a encore amélioré ce type de support en donnant à ses pieds des configurations particulières qui permettent de les empiler, et de les retourner afin d'utiliser l'une ou l'autre des faces en fonction du produit à cuire.We have further improved this type of support by giving its feet configurations which allow them to be stacked and turned over in order to use one or more the other side depending on the product to be cooked.

La présente invention appartient à ce domaine technique mais met en oeuvre des supports constitués d'éléments que l'on assemble pour qu'ils puissent recevoir les produits à cuire.The present invention belongs to this technical field but implements supports made up of elements that are assembled so that they can receive the cooking products.

Le support selon l'invention est constitué par l'assemblage de trois éléments : des pieds, des barreaux longitudinaux portés par lesdits pieds et des traverses posées sur les barreaux en travers de ceux-ci, destinées à porter les produits à cuire et est caractérisé par le fait que les pieds sont conformés de manière à pouvoir être empilés les uns sur les autres de sorte que les support peuvent être utilisés de manière unitaire ou en piles.The support according to the invention consists of the assembly of three elements: feet, longitudinal bars carried by said feet and cross members placed on the bars across these, intended to carry the products to be cooked and is characterized in that the feet are shaped so that they can be stacked on top of each other so that the supports can be used individually or in stacks.

Le support selon l'invention est encore remarquable en ce que :

  • l'assemblage de trois éléments forme un ensemble manipulable en une seule fois par des moyens de manipulation,
  • les traverses constituent le plan de pose des produits à cuire, lesdites traverses étant conformées de manière à fournir les appuis nécessaires à différents types de produits, l'adaptation du plan de pose du support aux produits à cuire étant réalisée en sélectionnant les traverses présentant les appuis adaptés aux produits à cuire et en les positionnant sur les barreaux avec l'orientation et l'écartement adéquats,
  • les barreaux sont portés par les pieds, en étant positionnés dans des logements de ceux-ci,
  • les logements sont des logements débouchant sur la face supérieure des pieds constitués par des encoches,
  • les logements sont des trous percés dans l'épaisseur du pied,
  • les traverses peuvent être des barrettes ou des plaques,
  • chaque pied comporte des moyens de préhension,
  • les pieds comportent des encoches à la fois sur leur face supérieure et sur leur face inférieure,
  • lesdites encoches ont une profondeur telle que les barreaux posés sur un pied font saillie au-dessus de la face supérieure dudit pied et viennent s'encastrer dans les encoches correspondantes du pied posé sur le précédent,
  • les pieds comportent des moyens additionnels les empêchant de glisser les uns sur les autres soit latéralement soit longitudinalement,
  • les moyens additionnels sont des saillies pénétrant dans des encoches additionnelles de formes correspondantes ménagées sur et dans les pieds,
  • les barreaux et les pieds comportent des moyens empêchant les barreaux de glisser sur les pieds,
  • lesdits moyens sont constitués par une encoche additionnelle ménagée au fond des encoches, les barreaux étant munis de collerettes dont la section correspond à celle desdites encoches additionnelles,
  • les traverses sont munies chacune d'au moins une encoche s'engageant sur un barreau.
The support according to the invention is also remarkable in that:
  • the assembly of three elements forms an assembly which can be manipulated at one time by means of manipulation,
  • the crosspieces constitute the plane for laying the products to be cooked, said crosspieces being shaped so as to provide the supports necessary for different types of products, the adaptation of the plane of laying of the support to the products to be cooked being carried out by selecting the crosspieces having the supports adapted to the products to be cooked and by positioning them on the bars with the appropriate orientation and spacing,
  • the bars are carried by the feet, being positioned in housings thereof,
  • the housings are housings opening onto the upper face of the legs formed by notches,
  • the housings are holes drilled in the thickness of the base,
  • the crosspieces can be bars or plates,
  • each foot has gripping means,
  • the feet have notches both on their upper face and on their lower face,
  • the said notches have a depth such that the bars placed on a foot protrude above the upper face of the said foot and are fitted into the corresponding notches of the foot placed on the previous one,
  • the feet include additional means preventing them from sliding over each other either laterally or longitudinally,
  • the additional means are projections penetrating into additional notches of corresponding shapes formed on and in the feet,
  • the bars and the feet include means preventing the bars from sliding on the feet,
  • said means consist of an additional notch formed at the bottom of the notches, the bars being provided with flanges whose cross section corresponds to that of said additional notches,
  • the sleepers are each provided with at least one notch engaging on a bar.

A titre d'exemples non limitatifs et pour faciliter la compréhension de l'invention, on a représenté aux dessins annexés :

  • Figure 1 : une vue en perspective d'un premier exemple de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • Figure 2 : une vue en élévation latérale du dispositif de la figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 : une vue en bout du dispositif de la figure 1 illustrant un premier type de traverse ;
  • Figure 4 : une vue en bout du dispositif de la figure 1 illustrant un deuxième type de traverse ;
  • Figure 5 : une vue en perspective d'une variante de réalisation du dispositif de la figure 1 ;
  • Figure 6 et 7 : deux vues en perspective, d'autres variantes de réalisation ;
  • Figure 8 : une vue en élévation latérale, à plus grande échelle, d'un empilement de dispositifs selon la figure 5 ;
  • Figures 9 à 11 : trois exemples de réalisation des pieds et de leur empilage ;
  • Figures 12 et 13 : deux variantes de réalisation des pieds ;
  • Figure 14 : une vue illustrant un mode de blocage latéral des pieds ;
  • Figure 15 : une vue illustrant un mode de blocage longitudinal des pieds;
  • Figure 16 : une vue de côté de la figure 14 ;
  • Figures 17 à 19 : trois vues illustrant trois modes différents de blocage des barreaux sur les pieds ;
  • Figures 20 à 23 : quatre vues illustrant quatre modes différents de blocage des traverses.
  • By way of nonlimiting examples and to facilitate understanding of the invention, the accompanying drawings show:
  • Figure 1: a perspective view of a first embodiment of the invention;
  • Figure 2: a side elevational view of the device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3: an end view of the device of Figure 1 illustrating a first type of cross;
  • Figure 4: an end view of the device of Figure 1 illustrating a second type of cross;
  • Figure 5: a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 and 7: two perspective views, other alternative embodiments;
  • Figure 8: a side elevational view, on a larger scale, of a stack of devices according to Figure 5;
  • Figures 9 to 11: three examples of the legs and their stacking;
  • Figures 12 and 13: two alternative embodiments of the feet;
  • Figure 14: a view illustrating a lateral blocking mode of the feet;
  • Figure 15: a view illustrating a longitudinal locking mode of the feet;
  • Figure 16: a side view of Figure 14;
  • Figures 17 to 19: three views illustrating three different modes of locking the bars on the feet;
  • Figures 20 to 23: four views illustrating four different methods of blocking the sleepers.
  • En se reportant aux figures I à 5, on voit que le support pour produits à cuire suivant l'invention est constitué par l'assemblage de trois éléments qui sont : des pieds 1, des barreaux longitudinaux 2 qui sont portés par les pieds 1 et des traverses 3 qui sont posées en travers des barreaux 2.Referring to Figures I to 5, it can be seen that the support for the following products to be cooked the invention consists of the assembly of three elements which are: feet 1, longitudinal bars 2 which are carried by the feet 1 and crosspieces 3 which are laid across the bars 2.

    Pour constituer le support, il faut au moins deux pieds 1 qui peuvent être placés soit aux extrémités des barreaux 2, comme représenté figure 1, soit à une certaine distance desdites extrémités, comme représenté aux figures 5 et 6.To form the support, you need at least two feet 1 which can be placed either at the ends of the bars 2, as shown in FIG. 1, or at a certain distance from said ends, as shown in Figures 5 and 6.

    Les barreaux 2 sont portés par les pieds 1, en étant positionnés dans des logements de ceux-ci. Dans les exemples de réalisation représentés aux figures 1 à 6 et 8 à 17, les pieds 1 sont munis de logements débouchant sur leur face supérieure constitués par des encoches 10, les barreaux 2 sont alors posés dans ces encoches 10.The bars 2 are carried by the feet 1, being positioned in housings of these. In the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 6 and 8 to 17, the feet 1 are provided with housings opening on their upper face constituted by notches 10, the bars 2 are then placed in these notches 10.

    Lesdits logements peuvent également ne pas déboucher dans la face supérieure des pieds et se présenter sous la forme de trous borgnes ou traversant percés dans l'épaisseur du pied. La figure 7 montre une variante de réalisation dans laquelle les logements sont constitués par des trous débouchant 120 percés dans les pieds 101.Said housings may also not open into the upper face of the feet and be in the form of blind or through holes drilled in the thickness of the foot. FIG. 7 shows an alternative embodiment in which the housings consist of 120 through holes drilled in the feet 101.

    Comme il faut au moins deux barreaux 2 pour porter les traverses 3, il en résulte qu'il faut au moins deux logements 10, 120 dans chaque pied 1, 101, mais il peut y en avoir plus de deux. Lorsque les pieds présentent plus de deux logements 10, 120, il est possible de constituer un support comportant plus de deux barreaux, ou de disposer de plusieurs écartements afin d'adapter l'espacement entre les barreaux aux produits qui doivent être cuits.As it takes at least two bars 2 to carry the sleepers 3, it follows that at least two housings 10, 120 in each leg 1, 101, but there may be have more than two. When the feet have more than two housings 10, 120, it is possible to constitute a support comprising more than two bars, or have several spacings in order to adapt the spacing between the bars to products that need to be cooked.

    Comme on le voit à la figure 9, les pieds 1 sont conformés de manière à pouvoir être empilés les uns sur les autres de façon à constituer des empilages verticaux de supports comportant autant d'étages de barreaux 2 et de traverses 3 qu'il y a de pieds 1 empilés les uns sur les autres. Sur les traverses 3 sont posés les produits à cuire 4 qui, dans l'exemple représenté à la figure 8, sont des tuiles à emboítement.As seen in Figure 9, the feet 1 are shaped so that they can be stacked on top of each other so as to form vertical stacks of supports comprising as many stages of bars 2 and crosspieces 3 as there are feet 1 stacked on top of each other. On the crosspieces 3 are placed the products to be cooked 4 which, in the example shown in Figure 8, are interlocking tiles.

    Le support composé par un assemblage de pieds 1, barreaux 2, traverses 3 portant des produits 4 peut être posé sur la sole 50 d'un wagonnet 5, muni de roues 51, roulant sur des rails 52.The support composed by an assembly of feet 1, bars 2, crosspieces 3 bearing products 4 can be placed on the floor 50 of a wagon 5, fitted with wheels 51, rolling on rails 52.

    La mise en oeuvre des supports selon l'invention permet de constituer des empilages de supports comportant autant d'étages que l'on veut et d'adapter la hauteur de l'empilage à la section du four, ou de n'utiliser qu'un seul support lorsque l'on utilise un four monocouche ayant une section de passage de faible hauteur.The implementation of the supports according to the invention makes it possible to constitute stacks supports with as many floors as desired and adapt the height of stacking in the oven section, or use only one support when using a single-layer oven having a low passage section.

    Les assemblages de trois éléments selon l'invention forment des ensembles qui sont manipulables en une seule fois par des moyens de manipulation connus.The assemblies of three elements according to the invention form assemblies which are manipulable at one time by known manipulation means.

    On peut disposer à chaque extrémité des pieds 1 des moyens de préhension 11 de façon que des pinces de manutention automatiques puissent venir saisir chaque pied 1.It is possible to have at each end of the feet 1 gripping means 11 of so that automatic handling grippers can grip each foot 1.

    Ces moyens de préhension 11 peuvent être, comme cela est représenté, une partie faisant saillie au milieu de la hauteur d'un pied 1, cette partie en saillie pouvant aussi bien être placée à la base ou au sommet du pied 1. De même, au lieu d'une partie en saillie on peut pratiquer dans la masse du pied un évidement dans lequel pourra pénétrer un doigt porté par une pince de manutention.These gripping means 11 can be, as shown, a part projecting in the middle of the height of a foot 1, this projecting part also being able to be well placed at the base or at the top of the foot 1. Similarly, instead of a part in projection we can practice in the mass of the foot a recess in which can penetrate a finger carried by handling tongs.

    On peut également ménager dans la masse des blocs constituant les pieds 1 des évidements internes 12 ou externes 13 pour en diminuer la masse et donc l'inertie thermique.It is also possible to form blocks in the mass constituting the feet 1 of the internal 12 or external 13 recesses to reduce the mass and therefore the inertia thermal.

    Les figures 9 à 11 illustrent des variantes différentes de réalisation des pieds 1.FIGS. 9 to 11 illustrate different alternative embodiments of the feet 1.

    Les pieds représentés à la figure 9 sont ceux des figures 1 à 7. Les encoches 10 ont une section qui est un demi-cercle et sont disposées sur les deux faces de chaque pied 1 de sorte que lorsque les pieds 1 sont posés l'un sur l'autre, les encoches 10 de la face supérieure d'un pied 1 forment avec les encoches 10 de la face inférieure du pied 1, qui est posé dessus, un cylindre dans lequel est emboíté le barreau cylindrique 2.The feet shown in Figure 9 are those of Figures 1 to 7. The notches 10 have a section which is a semicircle and are arranged on both sides of each foot 1 so that when the feet 1 are placed one on the other, the notches 10 of the upper face of a foot 1 form with the notches 10 of the lower face of the foot 1, which is placed above, a cylinder in which is fitted the cylindrical bar 2.

    Sur la figure 10, les pieds 1 comportent chacun cinq encoches 10 sur chacune de leurs faces, supérieure et inférieure. Cela ménage donc cinq logements cylindriques de sorte que l'on peut disposer jusqu'à cinq barreaux 2 sur ces pieds. De préférence, ces cinq logements seront utilisés pour disposer moins de cinq barreaux de manière à adapter l'écartement entre lesdits barreaux aux dimensions des produits à cuire, on a représenté à titre d'exemple sur la figure 10 une disposition utilisant trois barreaux 2.In FIG. 10, the feet 1 each have five notches 10 on each of their faces, upper and lower. This therefore spares five cylindrical housings so that one can have up to five bars 2 on these feet. Preferably, these five housings will be used to have fewer than five bars so as to adapt the spacing between said bars to the dimensions of the products to be cooked, we have shown by way of example in FIG. 10, an arrangement using three bars 2.

    Dans le cas des figures 9 et 10, du fait que chaque barreau 2 se trouve dans deux encoches 10 ménagées l'une dans le pied 1 inférieur, l'autre dans le pied 1 supérieur, les pieds 1 sont maintenus en position contre tout glissement latéral. In the case of FIGS. 9 and 10, the fact that each bar 2 is located in two notches 10 formed one in the lower foot 1, the other in the upper foot 1, the feet 1 are held in position against any lateral sliding.

    Comme représenté à la figure 11, l'encoche 10 peut également être constituée par une rainure ayant une profondeur supérieure au diamètre extérieur des barreaux 2 de sorte que les barreaux 2 d'un pied 1 inférieur ne font plus saillie dans les encoches 10 du pied 1 supérieur et ne constituent plus des butées empêchant le glissement latéral des pieds empilés.As shown in FIG. 11, the notch 10 can also be constituted by a groove having a depth greater than the outside diameter of the bars 2 of so that the bars 2 of a lower leg 1 no longer project into the notches 10 of the upper foot 1 and no longer constitute stops preventing lateral sliding stacked feet.

    L'invention n'est pas limitée au cas où les barreaux 2 sont de section circulaire ainsi que les fonds des encoches 10 : comme cela est illustré aux figures 12 et 13, les barreaux 2 peuvent avoir toute section voulue telle que carrée, triangulaire ou encore rectangulaire ou même polygonale.The invention is not limited to the case where the bars 2 are of circular section as well as the bottoms of the notches 10: as illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 13, the bars 2 can have any desired section such as square, triangular or else rectangular or even polygonal.

    Dans le cas des figures 11 à 13, les barreaux 2 posés sur un pied 1 ne faisant plus saillie dans les encoches 10 du pied 1 disposé au-dessus, les pieds 1 peuvent glisser latéralement les uns par rapport aux autres. Pour éviter le glissement latéral et/ou le glissement dans le sens longitudinal, on peut disposer dans la face inférieure de chaque pied 1 une encoche additionnelle latérale 13 et/ou longitudinale 15 et dans la face supérieure de chaque pied 1 une arête de forme correspondante 14 et/ou 16 ainsi que cela est représenté aux figures 14 à 16.In the case of Figures 11 to 13, the bars 2 placed on a foot 1 no longer protrusion in the notches 10 of the foot 1 arranged above, the feet 1 can slide laterally relative to each other. To avoid lateral sliding and / or sliding in the longitudinal direction, it is possible to have in the lower face of each foot 1 an additional lateral 13 and / or longitudinal notch 15 and in the upper face of each leg 1 a correspondingly shaped edge 14 and / or 16 as well as shown in Figures 14 to 16.

    On peut également disposer des moyens de blocage sur les barreaux 2 pour les empêcher de glisser par rapport aux pieds 1 et/ou pour empêcher les traverses 3 de glisser.It is also possible to have blocking means on the bars 2 for the prevent slipping relative to feet 1 and / or to prevent crosspieces 3 from slide.

    Ces moyens sont représentés aux figures 17 à 19. Sur la figure 17, on voit que chaque pied 1 comporte, au fond de l'encoche 10, qui reçoit le barreau 2, une encoche additionnelle 110 qui reçoit une collerette 20 dont la section correspond à celle de l'encoche additionnelle 110 afin de s'y loger. De préférence, l'encoche additionnelle 110 est de dimensions légèrement supérieure à celle de la collerette 21 afin d'absorber les effets de la dilatation due à la chaleur.These means are shown in Figures 17 to 19. In Figure 17, we see that each leg 1 has, at the bottom of the notch 10, which receives the bar 2, a additional notch 110 which receives a flange 20 whose section corresponds to that of the additional notch 110 in order to accommodate it. Preferably, the notch 110 is slightly larger than the collar 21 to absorb the effects of heat expansion.

    Les traverses 3 sont simplement posées sur les barreaux 2 et peuvent avoir toute forme appropriée pour supporter efficacement les produits 4 à cuire, elles constituent le plan de pose des produits à cuire et sont conformées de manière à fournir les appuis nécessaires à chaque type de produits.The sleepers 3 are simply placed on the bars 2 and can have any suitable form to effectively support the products to be cooked, they constitute the laying plan of the products to be cooked and are shaped so as to provide the support needed for each type of product.

    Sur les figures 1 à 5, 7 et 8, il y a deux sortes de traverses 31 et 32, ou 131 et 132. In Figures 1 to 5, 7 and 8, there are two kinds of sleepers 31 and 32, or 131 and 132.

    Les traverses 31 et 32 sont des barrettes à section en U qui comportent au moins une encoche 30 qui vient se loger sur la partie supérieure d'un barreau 2, l'encoche 30 ayant une forme correspondant à celle dudit barreau 2.The crosspieces 31 and 32 are U-section bars which include at least one notch 30 which is housed on the upper part of a bar 2, the notch 30 having a shape corresponding to that of said bar 2.

    De préférence, comme cela est représenté, chaque traverse 31 et 32 ne comporte qu'une seule encoche 30 qui vient s'engager sur un barreau 2, la traverse 31/32 reposant de l'autre côté à plat sur l'autre barreau de façon à pouvoir glisser légèrement sur celui-ci en cas de dilatation due à la chaleur.Preferably, as shown, each cross member 31 and 32 does not have that a single notch 30 which engages on a bar 2, the cross 31/32 resting on the other side flat on the other bar so that it can slide slightly on it in case of expansion due to heat.

    Les traverses 32 de la figure 4 ont une hauteur plus grande que celle des traverses 31 de la figure 3 ce qui permet de mieux positionner les tuiles 4 comme on le voit sur la figure 6.The cross members 32 of FIG. 4 have a greater height than that of the cross members 31 in Figure 3 which allows better positioning of the tiles 4 as seen on the figure 6.

    Les traverses 3 peuvent ne pas être des barrettes mais être des plateaux 34 comme cela est représenté à la figure 6. Ces plateaux 34 peuvent, comme on le voit sur la figure 6, avoir une section correspondant à celle des barrettes 31 et être fixées à leur extrémité à une barrette 32. Cependant, l'invention n'est pas limitée à cette forme particulière de plateau 34, l'important étant que chaque plateau comporte au moins une encoche 30 adaptée à s'engager sur un barreau 2 pour son positionnement.The crosspieces 3 may not be bars but be plates 34 as this is shown in Figure 6. These trays 34 can, as seen in the Figure 6, have a section corresponding to that of the bars 31 and be fixed to their end to a bar 32. However, the invention is not limited to this form particular of tray 34, the important thing being that each tray comprises at least a notch 30 adapted to engage on a bar 2 for its positioning.

    Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté à la figure 7, les traverses 131 et 132 sont de formes différentes. Ces traverses 131, 132 peuvent être disposées sur les barreaux 102 en étant plus ou moins écartées les unes des autres de manière à être positionnées au mieux en fonction des produits à cuire. A titre d'exemple, la traverse 132 disposée à la gauche d'une traverse ou plateau 131 peut être plus éloignée de celle-ci que celle qui est placée à la droite dudit plateau 131 de manière à laisser le passage à une paroi s'étendant verticalement vers le bas du produit à cuire. Les traverses étant posées sur les barreaux, il est facile de les déplacer par rapport à ceux-ci pour les repositionner et adapter ainsi le support à la forme du produit à cuire.In the embodiment shown in Figure 7, the crosspieces 131 and 132 are of different shapes. These crosspieces 131, 132 can be arranged on the bars 102 being more or less separated from each other so as to be positioned at best depending on the products to be cooked. By way of example, the cross member 132 arranged to the left of a cross-member or plate 131 may be further from it than that which is placed to the right of said plate 131 so as to allow passage to a wall extending vertically down from the product to be cooked. The sleepers being placed on the bars, it's easy to move them relative to them to reposition them and thus adapt the support to the shape of the product to be cooked.

    De manière à permettre l'adaptation des supports aux produits à cuire, on prévoit également de conformer les traverses avec des faces différentes afin de pouvoir les positionner avec l'une ou l'autre de leurs faces vers le haut en fonction du produit à supporter. Il est également possible de prévoir des pions que l'on positionne à la demande sur les traverses pour constituer des appuis pour les produits à cuire. In order to allow the adaptation of the supports to the products to be cooked, provision is made also to conform the sleepers with different faces in order to be able to position with one or the other of their faces upwards depending on the product to be support. It is also possible to provide pawns which are positioned at the demand on the crosspieces to constitute supports for the products to be cooked.

    Il est encore possible de prévoir l'utilisation des traverses 3 en les retournant autour de l'un de leurs trois axes.It is still possible to provide for the use of crosspieces 3 by turning them around of one of their three axes.

    L'adaptation du plan de pose du support aux produits à cuire est réalisée en sélectionnant les traverses présentant les appuis adaptés aux produits à cuire et en les positionnant sur les barreaux avec l'orientation et l'écartement adéquats. On peut à cet effet, soit conserver les traverses précédemment mises en oeuvre en les écartant ou les rapprochant, éventuellement après les avoir fait tourner autour de l'un de leurs trois axes X, Y, Z afin de les positionner de manière telle que leur face tournée vers le haut présente les appuis adaptés aux produits à cuire. Il est également possible de remplacer les traverses par d'autres traverses présentant les appuis nécessaires.The adaptation of the support installation plan to the products to be cooked is carried out in selecting the crosspieces presenting the supports adapted to the products to be cooked and by positioning on the bars with the correct orientation and spacing. We can this effect, either keep the sleepers previously used by spreading them or bringing them together, possibly after having made them revolve around one of their three axes X, Y, Z in order to position them so that their face faces the top shows the supports adapted to the products to be cooked. It is also possible to replace the sleepers with other sleepers with the necessary supports.

    Les figures 20 à 23 montrent à titre d'exemples non limitatifs différentes variantes de réalisation des traverses 3 et/ou les plateaux 34.Figures 20 to 23 show by way of nonlimiting examples different variants of making sleepers 3 and / or plates 34.

    Sur la figure 20, la traverse 3, destinée à reposer sur trois barreaux, comporte une encoche centrale 30 et repose à plat de chaque côté sur les deux autres barreaux 2.In Figure 20, the cross 3, intended to rest on three bars, has a central notch 30 and rests flat on each side on the other two bars 2.

    Sur la figure 21, la traverse 3 est analogue à celles des figures 1 à 6 mais, les barreaux 2 étant de section carrée, l'encoche 30 est également de section carrée.In FIG. 21, the cross-member 3 is similar to those of FIGS. 1 to 6 but, the bars 2 being of square section, the notch 30 is also of square section.

    Sur les figures 22 et 23, on voit que, les barreaux 2 étant de section carrée comme sur la figure 21, les deux côtés 33 de l'encoche à section carrée 30 peuvent constituer des butées intérieures (fig. 22) ou extérieures (fig. 23).In FIGS. 22 and 23, it can be seen that, the bars 2 being of square section as on Figure 21, the two sides 33 of the square section notch 30 may constitute internal (fig. 22) or external (fig. 23) stops.

    La présente disposition procure de très nombreux avantages :

    • les supports complets, c'est-à-dire constitués par les assemblages des trois éléments : pieds 1, barreaux 2, traverses 3, portant éventuellement des produits 4 à cuire peuvent être manipulés d'un bloc par des moyens de manutentions usuels,
    • les supports peuvent être utilisés séparément ou empilés de sorte que l'on peut adapter la charge à toute section de four,
    • les différents éléments sont posés les uns sur les autres et peuvent donc jouer les uns par rapport aux autres sans contrainte sous l'effet de la dilatation. A noter que les moyens décrits ci-dessus pour les empêcher de glisser lcs uns sur les autres ne sont pas des moyens réalisant un verrouillage ferme, mais sont plus exactement destinés à limiter l'importance des glissements tout en facilitant un positionnement correct desdits éléments les uns par rapport aux autres.
    • les assemblages sont facilement démontables et adaptables à la forme des produits à traiter, seules les traverses étant à réorganiser et éventuellement à remplacer, et non les pieds 1 ni les barreaux 2, lors du changement de la forme des produits,
    • il est facile, en donnant aux traverses 3 la configuration voulue, d'obtenir un bon support des produits 4,
    • la cuisson et/ou l'émaillage des produits 4 est facilité,
    • la proportion de la masse de matières réfractaires par rapport à la masse des produits est considérablement diminuée (environ 50 % par rapport au support en H de type connu) ce qui permet de réduire la consommation d'énergie et de diminuer les temps nécessaires aux cycles d'échauffement et de refroidissement,
    • la charge sur les wagonnets ou sur les rouleaux est diminuée,
    • il est possible de faire cuire des produits 4 de formes différentes en adaptant en conséquence les hauteurs des pieds ainsi que la position des traverses 3,
    • le contrôle de l'état des différents éléments de support entre chaque passage est simplifié.
    This provision provides many advantages:
    • the complete supports, that is to say constituted by the assemblies of the three elements: feet 1, bars 2, crosspieces 3, optionally carrying products 4 to be cooked can be handled in one piece by usual handling means,
    • the supports can be used separately or stacked so that the load can be adapted to any section of oven,
    • the different elements are placed on top of each other and can therefore play against each other without constraint under the effect of expansion. Note that the means described above to prevent them from sliding over each other are not means providing firm locking, but are more exactly intended to limit the extent of slippage while facilitating correct positioning of said elements. relative to each other.
    • the assemblies are easily removable and adaptable to the shape of the products to be treated, only the crosspieces being to be reorganized and possibly to be replaced, and not the feet 1 or the bars 2, when the shape of the products is changed,
    • it is easy, by giving the crosspieces 3 the desired configuration, to obtain good support for the products 4,
    • the cooking and / or enameling of the products 4 is facilitated,
    • the proportion of the mass of refractory materials relative to the mass of the products is considerably reduced (approximately 50% compared to the H-type support of known type) which makes it possible to reduce the energy consumption and to decrease the time required for cycles heating and cooling,
    • the load on the wagons or on the rollers is reduced,
    • it is possible to cook products 4 of different shapes by adapting the heights of the legs as well as the position of the crossbars 3,
    • checking the state of the various support elements between each pass is simplified.

    Les différents éléments pieds 1, barreaux 2 et traverses 3 sont en matériaux réfractaires ou résistants au feu.The different elements feet 1, bars 2 and crosspieces 3 are made of materials refractory or fire resistant.

    De préférence, les traverses 3 sont en cordiérite, en carbure de silicium ou même en acier ; les barreaux 2 en matériau réfractaire à haute résistance mécanique tel que le carbure de silicium ; les pieds 1 peuvent être en matériau réfractaire de moindre qualité donc moins cher.Preferably, the crosspieces 3 are made of cordierite, silicon carbide or even steel; the bars 2 of refractory material with high mechanical strength such as silicon carbide ; the feet 1 may be of lesser refractory material quality therefore cheaper.

    Claims (15)

    Support pour produits devant être mis à l'intérieur d'un four de cuisson, constitué par l'assemblage de trois éléments : des pieds (1, 101), des barreaux longitudinaux (2, 102) portés par lesdits pieds (1, 101) et des traverses (3) posées sur les barreaux (2, 102) en travers de ceux-ci, destinées à porter les produits à cuire (4), caractérisé par le fait que lesdits pieds (1, 101) sont conformés de manière à pouvoir être empilés les uns sur les autres de sorte que les support peuvent être utilisés de manière unitaire ou en piles.Support for products to be placed inside a baking oven, consisting by the assembly of three elements: feet (1, 101), longitudinal bars (2, 102) carried by said feet (1, 101) and crosspieces (3) placed on the bars (2, 102) across these, intended to carry the products to be cooked (4), characterized by the fact that said legs (1, 101) are shaped so that they can be stacked on top of each other so that the supports can be used individually or in stacks. Support selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'assemblage de trois éléments forme un ensemble manipulable en une seule fois par des moyens de manipulation.Support according to claim 1, characterized in that the assembly of three elements form a whole which can be manipulated at once by means of handling. Support selon la revendication 1 ou selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que les traverses (3) constituent le plan de pose des produits à cuire (4), lesdites traverses étant conformées de manière à fournir les appuis nécessaires à différents types de produits, et en ce que l'adaptation du plan de pose du support aux produits à cuire est réalisée en sélectionnant les traverses (3) présentant les appuis adaptés aux produits à cuire et en les positionnant sur les barreaux (2) avec l'orientation et l'écartement adéquats.Support according to claim 1 or according to claim 2, characterized in that that the crosspieces (3) constitute the laying plane of the products to be cooked (4), said sleepers being shaped so as to provide the necessary supports for different types of products, and in that the adaptation of the installation plan of the support to the products to cooking is carried out by selecting the crosspieces (3) presenting the supports adapted to products to be cooked and positioning them on the bars (2) with the orientation and adequate spacing. Support selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les barreaux (2, 102) sont portés par les pieds (1, 101), en étant positionnés dans des logements (10, 120) de ceux-ci.Support according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by fact that the bars (2, 102) are carried by the feet (1, 101), being positioned in housings (10, 120) thereof. Support selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que les logements (10) sont des logements débouchant sur la face supérieure des pieds (1) constitués par des encoches (10).Support according to claim 4, characterized in that the housings (10) are housings opening onto the upper face of the feet (1) constituted by notches (10). Support selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que les logements (120) sont des trous percés dans l'épaisseur du pied (101). Support according to claim 4, characterized in that the housings (120) are holes drilled in the thickness of the foot (101). Support selon l'unc quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les traverses (3) peuvent être des barrettes (31, 32, 132) ou des plaques (34, 131).Support according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the crosspieces (3) can be bars (31, 32, 132) or plates (34, 131). Support selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que chaque pied (1) comporte des moyens de préhension (11).Support according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by fact that each foot (1) comprises gripping means (11). Support selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que les pieds (1) comportent des encoches à la fois sur leur face supérieure et sur leur face inférieure.Support according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the feet (1) have notches both on their upper face and on their lower side. Support selon la revendication 9, caractérisé par le fait que lesdites encoches ont une profondeur telle que les barreaux (2) posés sur un pied (1) font saillie au-dessus de la face supérieure dudit pied (1) et viennent s'encastrer dans les encoches (10) correspondantes du pied (1) posé sur le précédent.Support according to claim 9, characterized in that said notches have a depth such that the bars (2) placed on a foot (1) protrude above of the upper face of said foot (1) and are embedded in the notches (10) corresponding to the foot (1) placed on the previous one. Support selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé par le fait que les pieds (1) comportent des moyens additionnels les empêchant de glisser les uns sur les autres soit latéralement soit longitudinalement.Support according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that that the feet (1) include additional means preventing them from sliding on each other either laterally or longitudinally. Support selon la revendication 11, dans lequel les moyens additionnels sont des saillies (13, 15) pénétrant dans des encoches additionnelles (14, 16) de formes correspondantes ménagées sur et dans les pieds (1).Support according to claim 11, in which the additional means are projections (13, 15) penetrating into additional notches (14, 16) of shaped corresponding on and in the feet (1). Support selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé par le fait que les barreaux (2) et les pieds (1) comportent des moyens empêchant les barreaux (2) de glisser sur les pieds (1).Support according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that that the bars (2) and the feet (1) include means preventing the bars (2) to slide on the feet (1). Support selon la revendication 11, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits moyens sont constitués par une encoche additionnelle (110) ménagée au fond des encoches (10), les barreaux (2) étant munis de collerettes (20) dont la section correspond à celle desdites encoches additionnelles (110).Support according to claim 11, characterized in that said means are constituted by an additional notch (110) formed at the bottom of the notches (10), the bars (2) being provided with flanges (20) whose section corresponds to that said additional notches (110). Support selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14,caractérisé par le fait que les traverses (3) sont munies chacune d'au moins une encoche (30) s'engageant sur un barreau (2).Support according to any one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that that the sleepers (3) are each provided with at least one notch (30) engaging on a bar (2).
    EP19990401506 1998-06-19 1999-06-18 Device for supporting products in baking furnaces Expired - Lifetime EP0965809B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9807742 1998-06-19
    FR9807742A FR2780149B1 (en) 1998-06-19 1998-06-19 IMPROVEMENTS ON PRODUCT SUPPORT DEVICES IN COOKING OVENS

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    EP0965809A1 true EP0965809A1 (en) 1999-12-22
    EP0965809B1 EP0965809B1 (en) 2004-10-06

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    DE9301095U1 (en) * 1993-01-27 1993-04-01 Heimsoth Verwaltungen GmbH & Co. KG Beteiligungsgesellschaft, 3200 Hildesheim Intermediate carriage construction for conveyor carriages for tunnel kilns for the firing of coarse ceramic parts
    DE4322099C1 (en) * 1993-07-02 1994-12-15 Riedhammer Gmbh Co Kg Firing shelf

    Cited By (6)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE10154086A1 (en) * 2001-11-02 2003-05-15 Eisenmann Kg Maschbau Kiln furniture used for firing roof tiles comprises stacked support elements made from a refractory material and having vertical columns and parallel traverses connecting the columns
    DE10326543B4 (en) * 2003-06-12 2010-05-12 Saint-Gobain Industriekeramik Rödental GmbH Variable device for carrying and transporting firing material when firing ceramics
    WO2005087690A2 (en) * 2004-03-11 2005-09-22 Porvair Plc Low mass kiln furniture
    WO2005087690A3 (en) * 2004-03-11 2006-04-13 Porvair Plc Low mass kiln furniture
    EP2312251A1 (en) * 2009-10-19 2011-04-20 Hans Lingl Anlagenbau und Verfahrenstechnik GmbH & Co. KG Support frame for holding blanks and tunnel oven cart
    WO2012076159A1 (en) * 2010-12-11 2012-06-14 Schunk Ingenieurkeramik Gmbh Kiln furniture

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    EP0965809B1 (en) 2004-10-06
    FR2780149B1 (en) 2000-09-08
    DE69920809D1 (en) 2004-11-11
    FR2780149A1 (en) 1999-12-24
    DE69920809T2 (en) 2006-03-02

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