EP0947420A1 - Den Seeboden nicht beschädigender Anker und entsprechendes Verankerungssystem - Google Patents

Den Seeboden nicht beschädigender Anker und entsprechendes Verankerungssystem Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP0947420A1
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: anchor; winding; herbarium; anchoring system; order
Prior art date: 1998-04-03
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Granted

Application number

EP99400840A

Other languages

English (en)

French (fr)

Other versions

EP0947420B1 (de

Inventor

Jean-François Magreau

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Individual

Original Assignee

Individual

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1998-04-03

Filing date

1999-04-06

Publication date

1999-10-06

1999-04-06 Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual

1999-10-06 Publication of EP0947420A1 publication Critical patent/EP0947420A1/de

2004-12-22 Application granted granted Critical

2004-12-22 Publication of EP0947420B1 publication Critical patent/EP0947420B1/de

2019-04-06 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Status Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/24—Anchors
- B63B21/26—Anchors securing to bed
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/80—Ground anchors
- E02D5/801—Ground anchors driven by screwing
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/22—Handling or lashing of anchors
- B63B2021/225—Marker buoys for indicating position of an anchor, or for providing a line connection between the anchor and the water surface

Definitions

the present invention relates to an anchor and a non-destructive anchoring system for the seabed covered with a living herbarium of aquatic plants, forming a network of rhizomes and roots.
Figure 1 shows, at For example, a fixed anchor point with a concrete block 1 placed on the bottom, a chain 2 and a mooring buoy 3.
Anchoring on a background covered with a seagrass posidonia is a particular problem, in the as this fragile plant develops a dense network rhizomes and roots with a thickness of several meters (network called matte), which does not constitute soil furniture and which prevents access to the underlying floor. Of plus a posidonia herbarium can cover an area relatively large, without hanging rock.
the object of the present invention is to provide an anchor and an anchoring system which are not destructive to a living herbarium of aquatic plants, while providing a solid and secure grip.
One objective of this is to achieve establish an anchor in the thickness of a herbarium of posidonia, without harming this aquatic plant.
a particular objective of this is to avoid to locally tear off the herbarium with an anchor having a reduced grip surface.
Another particular objective is to avoid core the herbarium with a cylindrical anchor.
an anchor comprising a helical winding, made for example a spiral steel wire, which is implanted by screwing in an aquatic herbarium.
the winding has a dimensioning particular.
the invention is carried out with an anchor not destructive to seabed covered with a herbarium living from aquatic plants, comprising at least one helical winding, with the particularity that the winding has a height of the order of one to a few meters, a diameter of the order of a few tens of centimeters, and a helical step of the order from ten to a few tens of centimeters, the winding being implanted or intended to be implanted by screwing in said herbarium.
the winding has a diameter about once to twice the step value helical.
the winding has a section on the order of a few square centimeters to a few tens of square centimeters.
the winding is consisting of a rigid metal wire.
the winding is made of heat treated steel.
the winding is composed of an alloy of silicon steel or vanadium.
the winding can comprise at one of its ends a close turn.
the winding may include a flange attached to one of its ends, in particular to the close turn.
a flange allows for example to apply a torque to the anchor, to hang on anchor a mooring line, ...
the present invention also relates to a system non-destructive anchor comprising at least one anchor according to the invention implanted in a living herbarium of aquatic plants, and a mooring line, by example a polyamide rope, having one end secured to the anchor and another end hooked to a floating object.
a system non-destructive anchor comprising at least one anchor according to the invention implanted in a living herbarium of aquatic plants, and a mooring line, by example a polyamide rope, having one end secured to the anchor and another end hooked to a floating object.
the anchoring system comprises a plurality of anchors coupled to a link bar.
the length of the line of anchorage is determined according to the depth of water so that the line angle of wetting is of the order of 30 ° to 60 ° relative to the background.
the mooring line comprises two sections delimited by a submerged float, the length of the first section between the anchor and the submerged float being such that the second section between the submerged float and the floating object does not rub not on the herbarium when it is relaxed.
FIG. 2 represents an anchor according to the invention, comprising a helical winding 10 formed by a wire 11 of steel or any other known material offering a sufficient strength for the needs of the application.
the anchor 10 as shown is located in a living herbarium 40, for example a posidonia herbarium (in particular the Posidonia Oceanica species present in Mediterranean Sea).
the winding must present a development sufficient to anchor in a loose herbarium.
the anchor locally tears off the herbarium.
the applicant has discovered according to the invention, that it was however possible to carry out an anchoring not destructive in a herbarium of aquatic plants, of the type Posidonia Oceanica, provided that the winding has a metric height, typically 1 m 2.5 m, and a decametric diameter, for example 40 cm.
step helical should preferably be of the order of half the value of the winding diameter.
the helical pitch of the winding is on the order of one to a few tens of centimeters.
a helical winding having a 1.5 m high, 40 cm diameter with a step of 20 cm provides excellent anchoring, without tearing, nor coring, in a Posidonia herbarium.
the stiffness of the winding must be high, to avoid shearing the herbarium and to ensure a solid anchorage.
the preferred embodiment of the invention thus provides, that the winding consists of a wire rigid metal, of large section.
the winding is preferably made of steel heat treated, especially of hardened or tempered steel, to avoid any spring effect.
steel chosen has a hardness of 45 to 50 H.R.C. (abbreviation of "Hardness Rockwell Cone").
a steel wire a few centimeters in diameter, typically 3 cm in diameter, suitable particularly good for making a winding reduced elasticity and high contact surface.
the winding wire section can be circular or some other shape.
the winding has a section of the order of a few square centimeters to a few tens of square centimeters, typically from 3 cm 2 to 20 cm 2 .
the diameter of the wire is then typically from 1 cm to 5 cm.
the anchor 10 according to the invention has the advantage to be harmless to the herbarium, in which it penetrates without cutting or grinding the very dense layer of rhizomes and roots. In addition, it offers great resistance to tearing. So an anchor according the invention with a length of 1.5 m and a diameter of 40 cm, consisting of a steel wire with a diameter of 3 cm, with a helical pitch of 20 cm, can withstand a force of 21 kN or 2.14 tonnes. For fix ideas, this resistance corresponds to that that a 4-ton concrete block of 1.9 meters offers side and a height of 50 cm. Always as indicative, a 15m x 5.2m sailboat subjected to a wind of face of 130 km / h and the associated sea current generates a horizontal force of 17.3 kN.
the last turn of winding 10 is a close turn 12, i.e. a shaped turn substantially flat with a tight helical pitch towards zero.
the coil 12 receives a flange 13, for example of steel, having for example the shape of a disc.
the flange 13 comprises at its periphery of the folded legs 14 forming flanges, tight by bolts 15 around wire 11, as well as a ring 16 allowing for example to attach a line of anchorage.
the flange 13 is provided with holes 17 allowing the anchor 10 to be screwed in using a conventional hydraulic key (not shown) having a rod at the end of which are pins coming to cooperate with the holes 17.
FIG. 4 represents an anchoring system 20 according to the invention comprising the anchor 10 to which we have attached a mooring line 21, for example a rope polyamide.
the mooring line 21 includes a first section 22 connected to a float submerged 23, section 22 being permanently stretched by the float 23, and a second section 24 connecting the float 23 to a floating object such as a buoy 25, a beacon, pontoon, floating platform, etc.
the length of each section 22, 24 is determined so that the second section 24 cannot drag on the surface of herbarium 40 when it is relaxed.
the length of the mooring line 21 is calculated based on the water depth of so that the mooring line is preferably there, an angle of 45 ° when stretched.
This angle, or traction angle allows an equal distribution in the horizontal plane and in the vertical plane of effort exercised on the herbarium. It also follows that the surface turning radius is equal to the depth of the water. More generally, the traction angle will be preferably chosen within a range of 30 ° to 60 ° by report to the bottom in order to distribute and limit the effort vertically and horizontally.
an anchoring system 30 able to withstand high tensile stresses can include multiple anchors 10-1, 10-2, 10-3 depending the invention, arranged in a line or in a star, coupled to a connecting bar 31, for example by means of bolts housed in the flanges of the anchors.
the line of anchor 21 is attached to the link bar 31.

Landscapes

Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Structural Engineering (AREA)
Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
Paleontology (AREA)
Civil Engineering (AREA)
General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

EP19990400840 1998-04-03 1999-04-06 Den Seeboden nicht beschädigender Anker und entsprechendes Verankerungssystem Expired - Lifetime EP0947420B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
FR9804146A FR2776982B1 (fr)	1998-04-03	1998-04-03	Ancre et systeme d'ancrage non destructifs pour fond marin comportant un herbier vivant de plantes aquatiques
FR9804146		1998-04-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP0947420A1 true EP0947420A1 (de)	1999-10-06
EP0947420B1 EP0947420B1 (de)	2004-12-22

Family

ID=9524816

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP19990400840 Expired - Lifetime EP0947420B1 (de)	1998-04-03	1999-04-06	Den Seeboden nicht beschädigender Anker und entsprechendes Verankerungssystem

Country Status (3)

Country	Link
EP (1)	EP0947420B1 (de)
ES (1)	ES2237054T3 (de)
FR (1)	FR2776982B1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
FR2905388A1 (fr) *	2006-09-01	2008-03-07	Marmou Richard Hustache	Dispositif d'ancrage subaquatique, non destructif, reutilisable, visse manuellement ou mecaniquement en dehors des herbiers sur fond de sediments de sable.
FR2913033A1 (fr) *	2007-02-23	2008-08-29	Marmou Richard Hustache	Dispositif d'ancragee semi permanent/permanent destine a amarrer des corps flottants
NL1034886C2 (nl) *	2008-01-03	2009-07-06	Cortech Protect B V	Bodemaangrijpingsinrichting.

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
WO2007019609A1 (en) *	2005-08-12	2007-02-22	Biopower Systems Pty. Ltd.	A mooring

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
NL6409029A (de) *	1964-08-06	1966-02-07
DE2535451A1 (de) *	1975-08-08	1977-02-17	Franz Werner Heckmann	Sturm- und windsicherung
EP0033305A1 (de) *	1980-01-23	1981-08-05	Roten System AB	Vorrichtung zur Verankerung im Erdreich
FR2503657A1 (fr)	1981-04-10	1982-10-15	Richard Jean	Ancrages sous-marins
FR2562385A1 (fr) *	1984-04-09	1985-10-11	Electricite De France	Dispositif d'amarrage d'un corps soumis a une forte trainee, et notamment d'une filiere de conchyliculture
DE9108370U1 (de) *	1991-07-02	1992-11-05	Stiftung Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 2850 Bremerhaven	Anordnung zur Verankerung von Meßgeräten in Wasserströmungen
GB2269832A (en) *	1992-08-06	1994-02-23	Maurice Geoffrey Arden	Removable ground anchorage
GB2299609A (en) *	1995-03-30	1996-10-09	Donald John Smith	Anti-theft device

1998
- 1998-04-03 FR FR9804146A patent/FR2776982B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
1999
- 1999-04-06 EP EP19990400840 patent/EP0947420B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-06 ES ES99400840T patent/ES2237054T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
NL6409029A (de) *	1964-08-06	1966-02-07
DE2535451A1 (de) *	1975-08-08	1977-02-17	Franz Werner Heckmann	Sturm- und windsicherung
EP0033305A1 (de) *	1980-01-23	1981-08-05	Roten System AB	Vorrichtung zur Verankerung im Erdreich
FR2503657A1 (fr)	1981-04-10	1982-10-15	Richard Jean	Ancrages sous-marins
FR2562385A1 (fr) *	1984-04-09	1985-10-11	Electricite De France	Dispositif d'amarrage d'un corps soumis a une forte trainee, et notamment d'une filiere de conchyliculture
DE9108370U1 (de) *	1991-07-02	1992-11-05	Stiftung Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 2850 Bremerhaven	Anordnung zur Verankerung von Meßgeräten in Wasserströmungen
GB2269832A (en) *	1992-08-06	1994-02-23	Maurice Geoffrey Arden	Removable ground anchorage
GB2299609A (en) *	1995-03-30	1996-10-09	Donald John Smith	Anti-theft device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
FR2905388A1 (fr) *	2006-09-01	2008-03-07	Marmou Richard Hustache	Dispositif d'ancrage subaquatique, non destructif, reutilisable, visse manuellement ou mecaniquement en dehors des herbiers sur fond de sediments de sable.
FR2913033A1 (fr) *	2007-02-23	2008-08-29	Marmou Richard Hustache	Dispositif d'ancragee semi permanent/permanent destine a amarrer des corps flottants
WO2008104712A1 (fr) *	2007-02-23	2008-09-04	Richard Hustache Marmou	Dispositif d'ancrage semi permanent/permanent destine a amarrer des corps flottants
NL1034886C2 (nl) *	2008-01-03	2009-07-06	Cortech Protect B V	Bodemaangrijpingsinrichting.

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
ES2237054T3 (es)	2005-07-16
FR2776982A1 (fr)	1999-10-08
EP0947420B1 (de)	2004-12-22
FR2776982B1 (fr)	2000-06-02

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