Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
  • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
  • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
  • H01R39/04—Commutators
  • H01R39/06—Commutators other than with external cylindrical contact surface, e.g. flat commutators
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
  • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
  • H01R43/06—Manufacture of commutators

Definitions

• the invention relates to a commutator with copper segments embedded in molding material, which, on at least one end face in a receptacle, receive a reinforcement ring which is arranged coaxially to the commutator rotation axis and which consists of a metal ring with a rectangular cross section and an insulating ring with a rectangular cross section and joined to the metal ring .
• the invention relates to a method for producing such a commutator, in which a body consisting of copper segments is produced with at least one receptacle for a reinforcing ring consisting of a metal ring and an insulating ring, the reinforcing ring is applied to this receptacle and the commutator is then cast with molding material .
• commutators which are reinforced with glass fiber reinforcement rings.
• the glass fiber ring has an advantageous elongation characteristic and is easy to pretension or tension, furthermore glass fiber rings can be pushed directly onto the holding anchor made of copper, since the armoring rings are also electrical insulators, such commutators have a weakness compared to the commutators reinforced with steel rings. This weakness manifests itself in the use of these commutators for motors exposed to high heat or in long-term operation under high temperature influences. It is also possible that there is a thermal overload due to some fault. With all thermal overloads, the insulation ring or glass fiber ring may soften locally if inexpensive resins are used. The result of this is that the commutator segments can shift beyond the tolerance values, as a result of which the service life of such commutators is considerably reduced.
• the reinforcing ring consists of at least one in cross section in consists essentially of a rectangular metal ring which is received by an insulating ring which is essentially rectangular in cross section.
• Such a commutator is known for example from DE-OS 43 02 759.
• This publication discloses a commutator for an electric motor with copper lamellae distributed in a fan shape on the circumference, which are anchored with internal webs having undercuts in an insulating support made of a plastic molding compound.
• an armoring ring comprising at least one metallic tension ring is enclosed in the carrier, which surrounds the inner webs on extensions in the region of the undercuts and has an insulating intermediate layer at least on its inner side facing the extensions.
• the intermediate layer consists of a support ring that fits snugly into the clamping ring and is made of a material that is pressure-resistant and insulating, even at high working temperatures.
• both rings Since there is a press fit between the tension ring and the support ring, which means that the tension ring and the support ring form a rigid and solid unit as a reinforcement ring, both rings must be manufactured with high-precision dimensions and thus very tight manufacturing tolerances before they are assembled, so that both the same pressure force between the two both rings and a corresponding fit in the undercuts can be ensured.
• the insulation ring or glass ring arranged between the hub and the metal ring can no longer be pretensioned in its state installed in the commutator.
• the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a commutator of the type mentioned which, with technically simple means, always has a secure torsional strength both at high working temperatures and at high speeds, is at the same time easy to manufacture and also take advantage of the expansion behavior of the insulation ring can.
• the insulating ring seen in the axial direction from the inside outwards consists of a support part and a radially outer adjoining and axially offset centering or flange part, both of which are integrally formed with each other . They have a step shape, so that the metal ring is fitted into the step shape of the insulating ring in such a way that part of the radial outer surface of the metal ring bears against the radial inner surface of the flange part and the end inner surface of the metal ring bears completely against the end outer surface of the support part.
• the reinforcement ring forms a multiple reinforcement system in such a way that the metal ring and the supporting part of the insulating ring are positionally separated and independent of one another, each at its axial height of retaining anchors functionally carries the force which results from the action of the centrifugal force of the copper segments.
• a first part (a) of the radial outer surface of the retaining anchors presses against the metal ring via an intermediate layer of the press material which is pressure-resistant at high temperatures, while a second part (b) of the radial one adjoins it in the axial direction on the inside Au- outer surface of the retaining anchor carries the supporting part of the insulating ring independently.
• the invention is also based on the object of specifying a method of the type mentioned at the outset which enables the production of a commutator which is always rotationally fixed both at high temperatures and at high speeds and at the same time extremely simplifies its production process.
• the reinforcement ring is produced by compressing at the end face at least one metal ring which is essentially rectangular in cross section with the insulating ring which is essentially rectangular in cross section in such a way that the insulating ring moves axially from the inside to the inside seen from the outside consists of a support part and a radially outer adjoining and axially offset centering or flange part, both of which are integrally formed with one another and have a step shape in such a way that the metal ring is fitted into the step shape of the insulating ring in such a way that part of the radial outer surface of the metal ring on the radial inner surface of the flange part and the end inner surface of the metal ring is completely against the end outer surface of the support member, that thereby the armoring ring forms a multiple armoring system such that the Met Allring and the support part of the insulating ring are separated in position and independent of each other, each at
• the solutions according to the invention have the further advantage that only about half of the usual axial heights of the insulating ring and the steel or metal ring are used for the assembled ring, which leads to a not inconsiderable material saving. Since both the metal ring and the insulating ring can be manufactured with relatively large dimensional tolerances, the manufacturing costs for the reinforcement ring are also drastically reduced.
• the insulating ring is a glass fiber ring and nevertheless inexpensive and therefore not extremely heat or heat resistant resins can be used.
• the invention is not limited to such a commutator. So it is also entirely possible to apply the solution according to the invention to a flat commutator, i.e. , the same reinforcement ring can be used.
• the metal ring it is also possible for the metal ring to be in the form of an annular disk and to have a coaxially extending groove in which the part engaging the metal ring engages. This shape of the metal ring effectively prevents the flat commutator from tilting.
• the insulating ring is designed step-like with a supporting part and a flange part, the flange part engaging axially offset in the groove of the metal ring, the space between the inner circumferential surface of the metal ring and the holding anchors of copper segments arranged adjacent to the axis of rotation being filled with press material which is part of the insulating body of the face commutator.
• the metal ring and the support part of the insulating ring are separated in terms of position and independent of one another, each of which can functionally bear the force at its axial height of the legs, which results from the effect of the centrifugal force of the copper segments, a first part of the legs being above an intermediate layer of the pressed material, which is pressure-resistant at high temperatures, presses on the metal ring, while a second part of the legs independently carries the supporting part of the insulating ring.
• the metal ring is very easy to produce, for example by punching it out of a sheet metal. This is possible due to the low axial height of the metal ring.
• the metal ring can also be cut to length from a metal tube.
• the comparatively low axial height is advantageous since more metal rings can be separated from a metal tube of a given length.
• the insulating ring is preferably produced as a glass fiber ring, which is produced by correspondingly winding glass fibers with the addition of synthetic resin or by cutting off a glass fiber tube.
• a glass fiber tube which can then be cut to length with the formation of glass fiber rings with a small axial height.
• the solution according to the invention for a method of the type mentioned at the outset can also be used for the production of flat commutators, i.e. the same reinforcement ring can be used.
• the metal ring it is also possible for the metal ring to be designed in the form of an annular disk and to have a coaxially extending groove in which the part in contact with the metal ring can engage when pressed together.
• the cross section of this metal ring has a higher section modulus.
• Another advantage of the commutator according to the invention is that the armoring ring can be leaned directly against the copper segments on both ring sides. This makes it possible to drive the reinforcement ring directly into the grooves of the copper segment or, in the case of a flat commutator, to push it onto the seat, whereby the reinforcement ring lies against the copper segments and the copper segments can thereby be aligned in precise radial positions.
• An additional advantage of this commutator according to the invention is that only the supporting part of the insulating ring is biased independently of the metal ring.
• Fig.l shows a partial cross-sectional view of a commutator with a reinforcing ring according to a first embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 2 shows a partial cross section through a flat commutator with the same reinforcement ring shown in Fig.l;
• FIG 3 shows a partial cross section of a reinforcement ring acc. a second embodiment.
• FIG. 1 shows a partial cross section through a commutator 10, the copper segments 26 of which are cast or embedded in a molding material 12 and can rotate about an axis of rotation 14 during operation of the commutator 10.
• the commutator 10 is provided on at least one, preferably on both end faces with a reinforcing ring 16, which consists of a metal ring 18 and an insulating ring 20.
• the reinforcement ring 16 is received by a receptacle 15 present in the copper segments 26.
• the receptacle 15 is groove-shaped and is formed by undercuts in the individual copper segments 26.
• a glass fiber ring 20 is preferred as the insulating ring.
• the copper segment 26 has on its side facing the axis of rotation 14 a holding anchor 28 which forms part of the receptacle 15 for the reinforcement ring 16.
• the glass fiber ring 20 is constructed in a step-like manner in such a way that it has a support part 22 which bears against the radial outside of the holding anchor 28 as well as against the base of the receptacle 15. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the support part 22 rests only on the radial outside of the holding anchor 28.
• a centering or flange part 24 of the glass fiber ring 20 adjoins the support part 22 in such a way that this flange part 24 is axially offset from the support part 22 and thus has a step shape. Furthermore, the radial outside of the flange part 24 bears against the radially inward surface of the copper segment 26.
• the metal ring 18 is received in such a way that its radial outer surface partially abuts the flange part 24, while its axially inward-facing end surface lies completely against the support part 22. Since a space is formed between the radial inner surface of the metal ring 18 and the radial outer surface of the holding anchor 28, this can be filled with an intermediate layer 30 made of molded material 12.
• the axial outer surface of the holding anchor 28 seen from the outside inward forms a first part a, via which the holding anchor 28 presses on the metal ring 18 by means of the intermediate layer 30 of the pressed material 12, which is pressure-resistant at high temperatures, while a the second part b adjoining the inside rests essentially on the radial inner surface of the support part 22.
• FIG. 2 shows a partial cross section of a flat commutator 110, which forms a second embodiment of the invention, but uses the reinforcement ring shown in FIG.
• the parts that are the same with the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 have the same parts, however Reference number increased by 100 to facilitate understanding.
• the flat commutator 110 shown in FIG. 2 consists of copper segments 126 with an L-shaped cross section, the brush running surface extending perpendicular to an axis of rotation 114 of the flat commutator 110. Holding anchors 128 of the copper fins 126 run parallel to the axis of rotation 114, which together form a receptacle 115 for a reinforcement ring 116.
• the reinforcing ring 116 is formed from an insulating ring 120 and a metal ring 118.
• the insulating ring 120 also consists of a glass fiber ring.
• the glass barrel ring 120 consists of a supporting part 122, which rests both on the inwardly facing surface of the holding anchor 128 and on the surface of the copper segment 126 facing away from the brush running surface.
• a centering or flange 124 is axially offset in the glass fiber ring 120 of Figure 2 such that the glass fiber ring 120 forms a step for receiving a metal ring 118.
• a first part a and also a second part b, which correspond to the same areas of FIG. 1, are formed, via which the centrifugal force of the holding anchors 128 is transmitted to the metal ring 118 or the glass fiber ring 120.
• the face commutator 110 is potted or pressed with molding material 112.
• FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a commutator according to the invention, here flat commutator 210, which has a reinforcing ring 216 in a receptacle 215. Furthermore, the same reference numbers from FIG. 2, albeit increased by 100, are used.
• the metal ring 218 of the third embodiment has a modified shape in that it is designed in the form of an annular disk and has a groove 234 which extends coaxially with the axis of rotation 214 and is directed towards the brush running surface, into which a part of a centering or flange part 224 of an insulating ring 220 engages.
• the metal ring 218 has an extension 236 opposite the groove 234, which prevents the flat commutator 210 from tilting.
• an intermediate layer 130 and 230 which is pressure-resistant at high temperatures and consists of the press material 112 and 212, is also formed in the embodiments of FIGS.
• the flange part 224 adjoins the support part 222 in a staggered, axially offset manner, the projecting region of which engages in the groove 234.
• the section of the metal ring 218 which adjoins the flange part 224 radially on the outside serves to provide additional support for the sections of the copper segments 226 which form the brush running surface. In addition, this increases the surface area to which the molding material 212 can adhere.
• a body consisting of copper segments 26, 126 and 226 is produced with at least one seat for a reinforcement ring 16, 116 and 216 consisting of a metal ring 18, 118 and 218 and an insulating ring 20, 120 and 220. Then the Ar techniksring 16,116 and 216 is applied to this seat and the commutator 10,110 and 210 then cast or pressed with molding material 12,112 and 212.
• the reinforcing ring 16, 116 and 216 is produced by compressing the end face of at least one metal ring 18, 118 and 218, which is essentially rectangular in cross section, with the insulating ring 20, 120 and 220, which is essentially rectangular in cross section. This is done in such a way that at least one flange part 24, 124 and 224 of the insulating ring 20, 120 and 220 is displaced in the axial direction of the commutator 10, 110 and 210 from the inside to the outside and encompasses the metal ring 18, 118 and 218 on its radial outer surface or engages in the groove 234.
• the production of the metal ring is preferably carried out in such a way that a corresponding metal ring 18, 118 is punched out of a sheet metal. This is possible because the axial height of the metal rings 18, 118 and 218 is comparatively low. Furthermore, the metal ring 18, 118 and 218 can also be cut to length from a metal tube, whereby, due to the low axial height, comparatively more metal rings 18, 118 and 218 can be separated from a tube of a given length.
• the production of the insulating ring is also very simple, especially if a glass fiber ring 20, 120 and 220 is used as the insulating ring.
• This glass fiber ring 20, 120 and 220 can be produced either by appropriate winding of glass fibers with the addition of synthetic resin or by cutting off a corresponding piece from a glass fiber tube, whereby here too, due to the small axial height, more glass fiber rings can be separated from the glass fiber tube with a given length.
• the reinforcement ring 16, 116 and 216 is produced by simply pressing together the rings which were previously folded together with the corresponding end faces, without exerting any axial tension in the process.
• the two rings are only moved axially relative to one another, the corresponding flange part 24, 124 or 224 being moved from the formerly rectangular shaped cross section of the glass fiber ring 20, 120 or 220 is shifted relative to the metal ring 18, 118 or 218.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
• Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
• Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
• Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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ID=26070185

Family Applications (1)

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• 1996
  • 1996-12-12 SI SI9630490T patent/SI0944938T1/xx unknown
  • 1996-12-12 AT AT96943938T patent/ATE217457T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-12-12 KR KR10-1999-7005167A patent/KR100386008B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-12-12 WO PCT/EP1996/005576 patent/WO1998026478A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1996-12-12 ES ES96943938T patent/ES2175172T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-12-12 JP JP52611798A patent/JP3382253B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1996-12-12 EP EP96943938A patent/EP0944938B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-12-12 BR BR9612814-3A patent/BR9612814A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1996-12-12 DK DK96943938T patent/DK0944938T3/da active
  • 1996-12-12 DE DE59609195T patent/DE59609195D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1997
  • 1997-12-08 FR FR9715463A patent/FR2772196B3/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1999
  • 1999-06-10 US US09/329,811 patent/US6157108A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2000
  • 2000-05-16 HK HK00102895A patent/HK1023856A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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