EP0901837B1 - Shower head with pin descaler - Google Patents

Shower head with pin descaler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0901837B1
EP0901837B1 EP98116485A EP98116485A EP0901837B1 EP 0901837 B1 EP0901837 B1 EP 0901837B1 EP 98116485 A EP98116485 A EP 98116485A EP 98116485 A EP98116485 A EP 98116485A EP 0901837 B1 EP0901837 B1 EP 0901837B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pins
section
spray
showerhead according
spray outlets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98116485A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0901837A1 (en
Inventor
Horst Flieger
Dieter Katzer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hansgrohe SE
Original Assignee
Hansgrohe SE
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hansgrohe SE filed Critical Hansgrohe SE
Priority to SI9830618T priority Critical patent/SI0901837T1/en
Publication of EP0901837A1 publication Critical patent/EP0901837A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0901837B1 publication Critical patent/EP0901837B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B05B15/52Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter for removal of clogging particles
    • B05B15/522Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter for removal of clogging particles using cleaning elements penetrating the discharge openings
    • B05B15/5223Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter for removal of clogging particles using cleaning elements penetrating the discharge openings the cleaning element, e.g. a needle, and the discharge opening being movable relative to each other in a direction substantially parallel to the flow of liquid or other fluent material through said opening
    • B05B15/5225Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter for removal of clogging particles using cleaning elements penetrating the discharge openings the cleaning element, e.g. a needle, and the discharge opening being movable relative to each other in a direction substantially parallel to the flow of liquid or other fluent material through said opening the cleaning element being located upstream of the discharge opening or being actuated upstream therefrom
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/14Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
    • B05B1/18Roses; Shower heads
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B05B3/04Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet

Definitions

  • a shower head (US-A 2251192), in the behind a jet disc and a plate with individual pins arranged are, which moves into the jet outlet openings of the jet disk can be. To move the pins serves a reciprocating Actuator.
  • the invention has for its object to a shower head create, with a simple structure a possibility of change emerging from the jet outlet openings Water jet allows.
  • the invention proposes a shower head with the features mentioned in claim 1. Further developments the invention are the subject of subclaims, their wording by reference to the content of the description is done.
  • the pins are moved to the active position in which they are the cross section of the jet outlet openings not yet close, but decrease. This creates a jet outlet opening with a reduced cross section, the not only changes the spray pattern of the beam, but the Water jet also harder. It is therefore low Effort possible to change the hardness of the beam without this would require two different water channels.
  • the pins in the third position with a front portion in the jet outlet openings are arranged.
  • they can with this front section the jet outlet openings completely close.
  • the invention proposes that the pins have an axial shoulder have, the outer diameter of the inner diameter the jet outlet openings substantially the same is, and in the transition from the active position in the moved third position in the jet outlet openings inside becomes.
  • This axial shoulder can, for example, from the front Face of the pins are formed.
  • this shoulder not only in the Beam outlet openings into it, but through them to the opposite end of the jet outlet openings is moved.
  • the movement device moves the pins, preferably all pins. It is but also possible that only groups of pencils at the same time to be moved.
  • the movement device can be a manual to their movement Actuating element, for example a rotary handle, the by turning a sliding guide to move the pins and / or the jet disc actuated.
  • the movement device is driven directly by the flowing water, for example with the help of a turbine.
  • the pins have a front section of reduced diameter that in the active position in the jet outlet openings is arranged.
  • jet outlet openings on the inside of the jet disk of a recess surrounded by enlarged diameter, in which the front End of the pins in the active position of the moving device is arranged. This will be a reduction the cross section immediately before the beginning of the jet outlet openings causes.
  • Both the recesses on the inside of the jet disc as well as the front portions of reduced diameter the pins can be designed so that in the active Position of the movement device for each jet outlet opening an annular channel between it and the associated pin is formed.
  • Fig. 1 shows the front end of a hand shower 1.
  • a shower head 2 arranged, which is a jet disk 3 has.
  • On the shower head 2 is a flat cylindrical Ring 4 arranged between the handle and the jet disk 3 is located.
  • the ring 4 can be a vertical to the jet disc 3 extending axis to be rotated.
  • On the inside of the ring 4 are two radially inwardly directed Pin 5 fixed, which in a groove 6 of a ring element 7 intervene.
  • the ring member 7 is not rotatable, but in the direction of the jet disk 3 and away from it stored in the shower head.
  • At the jet disk 3 facing end face of the ring member 7 are above the Circumference distributed several pins 8 formed, for example integrally.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show only two such Pins 8, the rest are for the sake of simplicity omitted.
  • the jet disk 3 has a plurality along its circumference from jet outlet openings 9, in extension of the Pins 8 are arranged.
  • the inner ring member 7 can be moved so that the Pins 8 approach the jet outlet openings 9 and in these penetrate.
  • Right in Fig. 1 is a position of inner ring element 7 shown, in which the cross section the jet outlet openings 9 practically not affected is. This position is called an inactive or rest position. From this position, the inner ring element can be move into the position shown on the left in FIG. 1, in the pin 8, the jet outlet opening 9 completely closes, being arranged in this outlet opening is.
  • Fig. 2 shows the ring member 7 in a side view
  • the groove 6 shows.
  • Each pin 5 then engages in a groove 6 a.
  • the diameter of engaging in the groove 6 Part of the pin 5 corresponds approximately to the distance the two side edges 10 of each groove.
  • These grooves 6 run obliquely, in the example shown first in the one and then in the other direction. A twist of the ring 4 in a direction of rotation therefore initially leads to a shift the ring element 7 in one direction and then to, a shift in the reverse direction until back in the starting position.
  • the pins 8 are shaped so that they have a portion 8 a with larger diameter, the inner diameter of the Beam outlet openings 9 is substantially equal, if necessary slightly smaller.
  • a second section 8b arranged with a smaller diameter, and also this part 8b is cylindrical.
  • an axial shoulder 11 the around the pin 8 runs around.
  • Fig. 5 now shows in greater detail the association between the pins 8 and the beam outlet opening 9.
  • the jet disk 3 so far outwards, i. in Fig. 5 down, moved that the front portion 8 b of the pin with its end face 13 even before the beam outlet opening 9 lies.
  • the cross section through the jet outlet opening 9 is practically not affected, so that the water from the jet outlet in a soft Beam exits.
  • the jet disk 3 is shifted so far that the Front portion 8b of the pin 8 is substantially complete is arranged in the jet outlet opening 9.
  • the front side 13 runs flush with the outside of the jet disk in the area of the jet outlet opening 9.
  • the axial Length of the front portion 8b with reduced diameter corresponds approximately to the axial length of the jet outlet opening 9.
  • Between the pin 8 and the jet outlet opening is a narrow annular gap formed, which leads to a reduction the effective cross section of the jet outlet opening leads. This forms a hard jet.
  • Fig. 7 now shows the third possible position between the Jet disk and the pins 8.
  • this position is the formed at the transition between the parts 8a and 8b shoulder 11 completely pushed through the jet outlet opening 9, so that they are on the outside of the jet disk in the Area of the beam outlet opening 9 is located.
  • the shoulder 11 through the jet outlet opening pushed through, so that they in this movement adhering to the edges of the jet outlet opening 9 Scrape away calcifications and transport to the outside.
  • front Section 8b is cylindrical. He could also be conical.
  • Figs. 8 to 10 show simplified representations of an embodiment of the invention not belonging to the invention, in which the jet outlet opening 9 on the inside of the jet disk 3 are surrounded by a cylindrical recess 15.
  • pins 8 are used, the only one cylindrical Have constant diameter section.
  • the flow through the jet outlet opening 9 is not affected, so here is a softer Ray is created.
  • the pins 8 in the recess 15th pushed in a situation arises similar to the position 6, since now a narrow annular gap between the inner edge of the jet outlet opening 9 and the front Front end 13 of the pins 8 is formed.
  • a manual Control element used to control the different positions manufacture.
  • the arrangement of a turbine inside the shower head could also serve, a constant Hinund To reach the pins 8 or the jet disk 3, constantly between a soft jet, a hard one Beam and a cleaning position to switch.
  • FIGS. 11 to 14 show further embodiments of FIG Pins, as proposed by the invention for the shower head become.
  • the pins themselves represented so that a movement device for their movement is used, as with reference to the figures 1 to 7 has been illustrated and explained.
  • the adjoining section 18a points in his cylindrical surface whose diameter is the diameter the jet exit hole corresponds, several on the entire length extending grooves 19. These grooves 19 have one of the free end of the pin 18 facing End starting decreasing cross section, so that at further displacement of the pin 18 in the jet exit hole the amount of water flowing through is reduced.
  • FIG. 12 shows a view of the pin 18 from below in FIG. 11. It can be seen that the grooves 19, for example, with a triangular cross-section both a decreasing width as well as having a decreasing depth.
  • Fig. 13 shows the side view of a pin 28, in which the cylindrical part 28a one or more grooves 20th are arranged, which have a non-changing cross-section respectively.
  • the grooves 20 but run diagonally opposite to the Longitudinal axis or along a helix with very great slope. This does not change the Amount of escaping water during shifting of the Part 28a causes, but some change in the spray pattern.
  • Fig. 14 shows an embodiment of a pin 38, wherein in the Surface of the per se cylindrical portion 38a in L josstung extending recesses 21 are formed, not extend over the entire length of the cylindrical portion 38a.
  • this elliptical cross section may also be slightly coiled to thereby have similar effects to effect as in the embodiment of FIG. 13th

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  • Nozzles (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Brausekopf, wie er beispielsweise bei einer Kopfbrause, einer Seitenbrause oder einer Handbrause verwendet werden kann. Der Brausekopf enthält eine Wasserführung, die mit einer Zuleitung verbunden werden kann und die zu einer Strahlscheibe führt. In der Strahlscheibe ist eine Vielzahl von Strahlaustrittsöffnungen angeordnet.The invention is based on a shower head, as he, for example in an overhead shower, a side shower or a hand shower can be used. The shower head contains a water supply, which is connected to a supply line can be and which leads to a jet disk. In the Jet disc is a variety of jet outlets arranged.

Es ist bereits ein Brausekopf dieser Art bekannt, bei dem in axialer Verlängerung der Strahlaustrittsöffnungen Reinigungsstifte angeordnet sind, die mit Hilfe einer Betätigungseinrichtung in die Strahlaustrittsöffnungen eingeschoben werden können. Dadurch lassen sich an den Rändern der Strahlaustrittsöffnungen anhaftende Verunreinigungen, Verkalkungen oder dergleichen beseitigen.There is already known a shower head of this type, in which axial extension of the jet outlet cleaning pins are arranged, with the help of an actuator inserted into the jet outlet openings can be. This can be done at the edges of the jet outlet openings adhering impurities, calcifications or the like.

Ebenfalls bekannt ist ein Brausekopf (US-A 2251192), bei dem hinter einer Strahlscheibe und eine Platte mit einzelnen Zapfen angeordnet sind, die in die Strahlaustrittsöffnungen der Strahlscheibe hinein bewegt werden können. Zur Bewegung der Zapfen dient ein hin-und her gehendes Betätigungselement.Also known is a shower head (US-A 2251192), in the behind a jet disc and a plate with individual pins arranged are, which moves into the jet outlet openings of the jet disk can be. To move the pins serves a reciprocating Actuator.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Brausekopf zu schaffen, der bei einfachem Aufbau eine Möglichkeit der Veränderung des aus den Strahlaustrittsöffnungen austretenden Wasserstrahls ermöglicht. The invention has for its object to a shower head create, with a simple structure a possibility of change emerging from the jet outlet openings Water jet allows.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe schlägt die Erfindung einen Brause-kopf mit den im Anspruch 1 genannten Merkmalen vor. Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand von Unteransprüchen, deren Wortlaut durch Bezugnahme zum Inhalt der Beschreibung gemacht wird.To solve this problem, the invention proposes a shower head with the features mentioned in claim 1. further developments the invention are the subject of subclaims, their wording by reference to the content of the description is done.

Bei dem von der Erfindung vorgeschlagenen Brausekopf können die Stifte in die aktive Position bewegt werden, in der sie den Querschnitt der Strahlaustrittsöffnungen noch nicht verschließen, aber verringern. Dadurch entsteht eine Strahlaustrittsöffnung mit einem verringerten Querschnitt, die nicht nur das Strahlbild des Strahls verändert, sondern den Wasserstrahl auch härter macht. Es ist daher mit geringem Aufwand möglich, die Härte des Strahls zu verändern, ohne daß hierzu zwei verschiedene Wasserführungen erforderlich wären.In the shower head proposed by the invention can the pins are moved to the active position in which they are the cross section of the jet outlet openings not yet close, but decrease. This creates a jet outlet opening with a reduced cross section, the not only changes the spray pattern of the beam, but the Water jet also harder. It is therefore low Effort possible to change the hardness of the beam without this would require two different water channels.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist eine dritte Position der Bewegungseinrichtung vorgesehen, in der die Stifte den Querschnitt der Strahlaustrittsöffnung noch weiter verringern, ja sogar verschließen.In development of the invention is a third position of the movement device provided in the pins the cross section of the jet outlet opening even further reduce, even close.

Insbesondere kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Stifte in der dritten Position mit einem vorderen Abschnitt in den Strahlaustrittsöffnungen angeordnet sind. Insbesondere können sie mit diesem vorderen Abschnitt die Strahlaustrittsöffnungen vollständig verschließen.In particular, it can be provided that the pins in the third position with a front portion in the jet outlet openings are arranged. In particular, they can with this front section the jet outlet openings completely close.

Die Erfindung schlägt vor, daß die Stifte eine axiale Schulter aufweisen, deren Außendurchmesser dem Innendurchmesser der Strahlaustrittsöffnungen im wesentlichen gleich ist, und die beim Übergangvon der aktiven Position in die dritte Position in die Strahlaustrittsöffnungen hinein bewegt wird. Diese axiale Schulter kann beispielsweise von der vorderen Stirnfläche der Stifte gebildet werden. Beim Hineinbewegen in die Strahlaustrittsöffnungen werden die dort haftenden Verkalkungen gelöst und entfernt. Insbesondere kann dabei vorgesehen sein, daß diese Schulter nicht nur in die Strahlaustrittsöffnungen hinein, sondern durch sie hindurch bis zum gegenüberliegenden Ende der Strahlaustrittsöffnungen bewegt wird.The invention proposes that the pins have an axial shoulder have, the outer diameter of the inner diameter the jet outlet openings substantially the same is, and in the transition from the active position in the moved third position in the jet outlet openings inside becomes. This axial shoulder can, for example, from the front Face of the pins are formed. When moving in in the beam outlet openings are adhering there Calcifications dissolved and removed. In particular, can be provided that this shoulder not only in the Beam outlet openings into it, but through them to the opposite end of the jet outlet openings is moved.

Erfindungsgemäß kann vorgesehen sein, das die Bewegungseinrichtung die Stifte bewegt, vorzugsweise alle Stifte. Es ist aber auch möglich, daß nur Gruppen von Stiften gleichzeitig bewegt werden.According to the invention, it may be provided that the movement device moves the pins, preferably all pins. It is but also possible that only groups of pencils at the same time to be moved.

Es ist ebenfalls möglich, daß die Bewegungseinrichtung so ausgebildet ist, daß die Strahlscheibe gegenüber den Stiften bewegt wird. Selbsverständlich sind auch Kombinationen beider Bewegungsarten möglich.It is also possible that the moving means so is formed, that the jet disk with respect to the pins is moved. Of course, combinations of both Movement types possible.

Die Bewegungseinrichtung kann zu ihrer Bewegung ein manuelles Betätigungselement aufweisen, beispielsweise einen Drehgriff, der durch ein Verdrehen eine Kulissenführung zum Verschieben der Stifte und/oder der Strahlscheibe betätigt.The movement device can be a manual to their movement Actuating element, for example a rotary handle, the by turning a sliding guide to move the pins and / or the jet disc actuated.

Es ist aber ebenfalls möglich, daß die Bewegungseinrichtung von dem strömenden Wasser direkt angetrieben wird, beispielsweise mit Hilfe einer Turbine.But it is also possible that the movement device is driven directly by the flowing water, for example with the help of a turbine.

Erfindungsgemäß kann in Weiterbildung vorgesehen sein, daß die Stifte einen vorderen Abschnitt mit verringertem Durchmesser aufweisen, der in der aktiven Position in den Strahlaustrittsöffnungen angeordnet ist.According to the invention may be provided in a development that the pins have a front section of reduced diameter that in the active position in the jet outlet openings is arranged.

An dem Übergang zwischen den Teilen des Stiftes, wo der Abschnitt verringerten Durchmessers beginnt, kann insbesondere die oben erwähnte Schulter ausgebildet sein.At the transition between the parts of the pin where the section reduced diameter may, in particular the above-mentioned shoulder be formed.

Es ist ebenfalls möglich, daß die Strahlaustrittsöffnungen auf der Innenseite der Strahlscheibe von einer Ausnehmung vergrößerten Durchmessers umgeben sind, in der das vordere Ende der Stifte in der aktiven Position der Bewegungseinrichtung angeordnet ist. Auf diese Weise wird eine Verringerung des Querschnitts unmittelbar vor dem Beginn der Strahlaustrittsöffnungen bewirkt.It is also possible that the jet outlet openings on the inside of the jet disk of a recess surrounded by enlarged diameter, in which the front End of the pins in the active position of the moving device is arranged. This will be a reduction the cross section immediately before the beginning of the jet outlet openings causes.

Sowohl die Ausnehmungen auf der Innenseite der Strahlscheibe als auch die vorderen Abschnitte verringerten Durchmessers der Stifte können so ausgebildet sein, daß in der aktiven Position der Bewegungseinrichtung für jede Strahlaustrittsöffnung ein Ringkanal zwischen ihr und dem zugeordneten Stift gebildet wird.Both the recesses on the inside of the jet disc as well as the front portions of reduced diameter the pins can be designed so that in the active Position of the movement device for each jet outlet opening an annular channel between it and the associated pin is formed.

Weitere Merkmale, Einzelheiten und Vorzüge der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sowie anhand der Zeichnung. Hierbei zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine teilweise geschnittene Seitenansicht eines ersten Brausekopfs;
Fig. 2
eine Seitenansicht eines Teiles des Brausekopfes der Fig. 1;
Fig. 3
eine teilweise geschnittene Seitenansicht eines zweiten Brausekopfs nach der Erfindung;
Fig. 4
eine Seitenansicht des bewegbaren Teiles bei dem Brausekopf nach Fig. 3;
Fig. 5
in vergrößertem Maßstab eine Einzelheit bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 3;
Fig. 6
die Anordnung eines Stiftes in der aktiven Position;
Fig. 7
die Anordnung eines Stiftes in der Verschließposition;
Fig. 8
eine der Fig. 7 entsprechende Darstellung bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform;
Fig. 9
eine der Fig. 6 entsprechende Darstellung;
Fig. 10
eine der Fig. 5 entsprechende Darstellung;
Fig. 11 bis 14
weitere von der Erfindung vorgeschlagene Formen der Stifte.
Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention and from the drawing. Hereby show:
Fig. 1
a partially sectioned side view of a first shower head;
Fig. 2
a side view of a part of the shower head of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3
a partially sectioned side view of a second shower head according to the invention;
Fig. 4
a side view of the movable part in the shower head of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5
on an enlarged scale, a detail in the embodiment of Fig. 3;
Fig. 6
the arrangement of a pin in the active position;
Fig. 7
the arrangement of a pin in the Verschließposition;
Fig. 8
a representation corresponding to FIG. 7 in a further embodiment;
Fig. 9
an illustration corresponding to FIG. 6;
Fig. 10
an illustration corresponding to FIG. 5;
Fig. 11 to 14
other proposed by the invention forms the pins.

Fig. 1 zeigt das vordere Ende einer Handbrause 1. An dem vorderen Ende ist ein Brausekopf 2 angeordnet, der eine Strahlscheibe 3 aufweist. An dem Brausekopf 2 ist ein flachzylindrischer Ring 4 angeordnet, der zwischen dem Handgriff und der Strahlscheibe 3 liegt. Der Ring 4 kann um eine senkrecht zu der Strahlscheibe 3 verlaufende Achse verdreht werden. An der Innenseite des Rings 4 sind zwei radial nach innen gerichtete Zapfen 5 befestigt, die in eine Nut 6 eines Ringelementes 7 eingreifen. Das Ringelement 7 ist unverdrehbar, aber in Richtung auf die Strahlscheibe 3 und von dieser weg verschiebbar in dem Brausekopf gelagert. An der der Strahlscheibe 3 zugewandten Stirnfläche des Ringelements 7 sind über den Umfang verteilt mehrere Stifte 8 ausgebildet, beispielsweise einstückig. Die Fig. 1 und die Fig. 2 zeigen nur zwei solche Stifte 8, die übrigen sind aus Gründen der vereinfachten Darstellung weggelassen.Fig. 1 shows the front end of a hand shower 1. At the front End is a shower head 2 arranged, which is a jet disk 3 has. On the shower head 2 is a flat cylindrical Ring 4 arranged between the handle and the jet disk 3 is located. The ring 4 can be a vertical to the jet disc 3 extending axis to be rotated. On the inside of the ring 4 are two radially inwardly directed Pin 5 fixed, which in a groove 6 of a ring element 7 intervene. The ring member 7 is not rotatable, but in the direction of the jet disk 3 and away from it stored in the shower head. At the jet disk 3 facing end face of the ring member 7 are above the Circumference distributed several pins 8 formed, for example integrally. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show only two such Pins 8, the rest are for the sake of simplicity omitted.

Die Strahlscheibe 3 weist längs ihres Umfangs eine Vielzahl von Strahlaustrittsöffnungen 9 auf, die in Verlängerung der Stifte 8 angeordnet sind. Durch Verdrehung des äußeren Rings 4 läßt sich das innere Ringelement 7 so verschieben, daß die Stifte 8 sich den Strahlaustrittsöffnungen 9 nähern und in diese eindringen. Rechts in Fig. 1 ist eine Stellung des inneren,Ringelements 7 dargestellt, in der der Querschnitt der Strahlaustrittsöffnungen 9 praktisch nicht beeinflußt ist. Diese Position wird als inaktive oder Ruheposition bezeichnet. Aus dieser Stellung läßt sich das innere Ringelement in die links in Fig. 1 dargestellte Stellung verschieben, in der der Stift 8 die Strahlaustrittsöffnung 9 vollständig verschließt, wobei er in dieser Austrittsöffnung angeordnet ist.The jet disk 3 has a plurality along its circumference from jet outlet openings 9, in extension of the Pins 8 are arranged. By twisting the outer ring 4, the inner ring member 7 can be moved so that the Pins 8 approach the jet outlet openings 9 and in these penetrate. Right in Fig. 1 is a position of inner ring element 7 shown, in which the cross section the jet outlet openings 9 practically not affected is. This position is called an inactive or rest position. From this position, the inner ring element can be move into the position shown on the left in FIG. 1, in the pin 8, the jet outlet opening 9 completely closes, being arranged in this outlet opening is.

Fig. 2 zeigt das Ringelement 7 in einer Seitenansicht, die auch die Nut 6 zeigt. Es können beispielsweise drei solcher Nuten 6 vorhanden sein, wobei der äußere Ring 4 dann auch drei solcher Zapfen 5 aufweist. Jeder Zapfen 5 greift dann in eine Nut 6 ein. Der Durchmesser des in die Nut 6 eingreifenden Teiles des Zapfens 5 entspricht dabei etwa dem Abstand der beiden Seitenkanten 10 jeder Nut. Diese Nuten 6 verlaufen schräg, im dargestellten Beispiel zunächst in der einen und dann in der anderen Richtung. Eine Verdrehung des Rings 4 in einer Drehrichtung führt daher zunächst zu einer Verschiebung des Ringelementes 7 in eine Richtung und anschließend zu, einer Verschiebung in der umgekehrten Richtung bis zurück in die Ausgangsstellung.Fig. 2 shows the ring member 7 in a side view, the also the groove 6 shows. For example, there may be three such Grooves 6 may be present, wherein the outer ring 4 then has three such pin 5. Each pin 5 then engages in a groove 6 a. The diameter of engaging in the groove 6 Part of the pin 5 corresponds approximately to the distance the two side edges 10 of each groove. These grooves 6 run obliquely, in the example shown first in the one and then in the other direction. A twist of the ring 4 in a direction of rotation therefore initially leads to a shift the ring element 7 in one direction and then to, a shift in the reverse direction until back in the starting position.

Die Stifte 8 sind so geformt, daß sie einen Abschnitt 8a mit größerem Durchmesser aufweisen, der dem Innendurchmesser der Strahlaustrittsöffnungen 9 im wesentlichen gleich ist, allenfalls geringfügig kleiner. An dem vorderen Ende des Abschnitts 8a mit dem größeren Durchmesser ist ein zweiter Abschnitt 8b mit kleinerem Durchmesser angeordnet, wobei auch dieser Teil 8b zylindrisch ist. An dem Übergang zwischen dem Teil 8a mit größerem Durchmesser und dem Teil 8b mit kleinerem Durchmesser ist eine axiale Schulter 11 gebildet, die rings um den Zapfen 8 herum läuft. Beim Einschieben des Stiftes 8 in die Strahlaustrittsöffnung wird diese Schulter 11 in die Strahlaustrittsöffnung 9 eingeschoben und durch diese hindurchgeschoben, bis die links in Fig. 1 dargestellte Position erreicht ist.The pins 8 are shaped so that they have a portion 8 a with larger diameter, the inner diameter of the Beam outlet openings 9 is substantially equal, if necessary slightly smaller. At the front end of the section 8a with the larger diameter is a second section 8b arranged with a smaller diameter, and also this part 8b is cylindrical. At the transition between the Part 8a larger diameter and the part 8b with smaller Diameter is formed an axial shoulder 11, the around the pin 8 runs around. When inserting the pen 8 in the jet outlet opening, this shoulder 11 in the jet outlet opening 9 is inserted and through this pushed through until the left in Fig. 1 illustrated position is reached.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine der Fig. 1 entsprechende Darstellung bei einer zweiten Ausführungsform. Während bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 mit Hilfe des äußeren Rings 4 das Innere die Stifte 8 aufweisende Ringelement 7 verschoben wird, sind bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 3 die Stifte 8 Teil eines unverschiebbaren Gehäuseteils, während die die Strahlaustrittsöffnungen 9 aufweisende Strahlscheibe 3 verschiebbar ist. Die Strahlscheibe 3 weist bei dieser Ausführungsform einen etwa zylindrischen Mantel 12 auf, siehe Fig. 4, in dem die schräg verlaufenden Nuten 6 ausgebildet sind. Wiederum ist an der Innenseite des äußeren Rings 4 ein Zapfen 5 angeordnet, der in die Nuten 6 eingreift und bei Verdrehung des Ringelements 4 die Strahlscheibe 3 verschiebt. Dadurch lassen sich ebenfalls Positionen darstellen, in denen die Stifte 8 vor den Strahlaustrittsöffnungen 9, siehe links in Fig. 3, oder in diesen angeordnet sind, siehe rechts in Fig. 3.FIG. 3 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 1 a second embodiment. While in the embodiment According to Fig. 1 with the aid of the outer ring 4, the interior of the Pins 8 having ring member 7 is moved, are at the embodiment of FIG. 3, the pins 8 part of a non-displaceable Housing part, while the jet outlet openings 9 having jet disk 3 is displaceable. The Blast disk 3 has an approximately in this embodiment cylindrical shell 12, see Fig. 4, in which the oblique extending grooves 6 are formed. Again, at the Inside the outer ring 4, a pin 5 is arranged, the engages in the grooves 6 and upon rotation of the ring member 4 shifts the jet disk 3. This can also be done Represent positions in which the pins 8 in front of the Beam outlet openings 9, see left in Fig. 3, or in These are arranged, see the right in Fig. 3rd

Fig. 5 zeigt nun in größerer Einzelheit die Zuordnung zwischen den Stiften 8 und der Strahlaustrittsöffnung 9. In der Fig. 5 ist die Strahlscheibe 3 so weit nach außen, d.h. in Fig. 5 nach unten, verschoben, daß der vordere Abschnitt 8b des Stiftes mit seiner Stirnseite 13 noch vor der Strahlaustrittsöffnung 9 liegt. Der Querschnitt durch die Strahlaustrittsöffnung 9 ist praktisch nicht beeinträchtigt, so daß das Wasser aus der Strahlaustrittsöffnung in einem weichen Strahl austritt.Fig. 5 now shows in greater detail the association between the pins 8 and the beam outlet opening 9. In the Fig. 5 is the jet disk 3 so far outwards, i. in Fig. 5 down, moved that the front portion 8 b of the pin with its end face 13 even before the beam outlet opening 9 lies. The cross section through the jet outlet opening 9 is practically not affected, so that the water from the jet outlet in a soft Beam exits.

In Fig. 6 ist die Strahlscheibe 3 so weit verschoben, daß der Vorderabschnitt 8b des Stifts 8 im wesentlichen vollständig in der Strahlaustrittsöffnung 9 angeordnet ist. Die Stirnseite 13 verläuft dabei bündig mit der Außenseite der Strahlscheibe im Bereich der Strahlaustrittsöffnung 9. Die axiale Länge des vorderen Abschnitts 8b mit verringertem Durchmesser entspricht etwa der axialen Länge der Strahlaustrittsöffnung 9. Zwischen dem stift 8 und der Strahlaustrittsöffnung ist ein schmaler Ringspalt gebildet, der zu einer Verringerung des wirksamen Querschnitts der Strahlaustrittsöffnung führt. Dadurch wird ein harter Strahl gebildet.In Fig. 6, the jet disk 3 is shifted so far that the Front portion 8b of the pin 8 is substantially complete is arranged in the jet outlet opening 9. The front side 13 runs flush with the outside of the jet disk in the area of the jet outlet opening 9. The axial Length of the front portion 8b with reduced diameter corresponds approximately to the axial length of the jet outlet opening 9. Between the pin 8 and the jet outlet opening is a narrow annular gap formed, which leads to a reduction the effective cross section of the jet outlet opening leads. This forms a hard jet.

Fig. 7 zeigt nun die dritte mögliche Position zwischen der Strahlscheibe und den Stiften 8. In dieser Position ist die am Übergang zwischen den Teilen 8a und 8b gebildete Schulter 11 vollständig durch die Strahlaustrittsöffnung 9 hindurchgeschoben, so daß sie an der Außenseite der Strahlscheibe im Bereich der Strahlaustrittsöffnung 9 liegt. Bei dem Übergang zwischen der aktiven Position der Fig. 6 und der Verschließposition der Fig. 7 wird die Schulter 11 durch die Strahlaustrittsöffnung hindurchgeschoben, so daß sie bei dieser Bewegung an den Rändern der Strahlaustrittsöffnung 9 haftende Verkalkungen abstreifen und nach außen befördern kann.Fig. 7 now shows the third possible position between the Jet disk and the pins 8. In this position is the formed at the transition between the parts 8a and 8b shoulder 11 completely pushed through the jet outlet opening 9, so that they are on the outside of the jet disk in the Area of the beam outlet opening 9 is located. At the transition between the active position of Fig. 6 and the closing position of Fig. 7, the shoulder 11 through the jet outlet opening pushed through, so that they in this movement adhering to the edges of the jet outlet opening 9 Scrape away calcifications and transport to the outside.

Für die Herstellung eines harten Wasserstrahls in der Position der Fig. 6 ist es nicht erforderlich, daß der vordere Abschnitt 8b zylindrisch ist. Er könnte auch konisch sein.For making a hard water jet in position 6, it is not necessary that the front Section 8b is cylindrical. He could also be conical.

Was bei den Fig. 5 bis 7 für die Ausführungsform der Fig. 3 dargestellt ist, gilt in gleicher Weise auch für die Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 und 2, bei der die Stifte 8 verschiebbar sind und nicht die Strahlscheibe 3.What in Figs. 5 to 7 for the embodiment of Fig. 3rd is shown, applies equally to the embodiment According to Fig. 1 and 2, wherein the pins 8 slidably are and not the jet disk 3.

Die Fig. 8 bis 10 zeigen vereinfachte Darstellungen einer nicht zur Erfindung gehörigen Ausführungsffrom, einer nicht zur Erfindung gehörigen Ausführungsform, bei der die Strahlaustrittsöffnung 9 auf der Innenseite der Strahlscheibe 3 von einer zylindrischen Ausnehmung 15 umgeben sind. Hier werden Stifte 8 verwendet, die nur einen zylindrischen Abschnitt mit konstantem Durchmesser aufweisen. In der Darstellung der Fig. 10 wird die Strömung durch die Strahlaustrittsöffnung 9 nicht beeinträchtigt, so daß hier ein weicher Strahl entsteht. Werden die Stifte 8 in die Ausnehmung 15 eingeschoben, so entsteht eine Situation ähnlich der Position der Fig. 6, da jetzt ein schmaler Ringspalt zwischen dem inneren Rand der Strahlaustrittsöffnung 9 und dem vorderen Stirnende 13 der Stifte 8 gebildet wird.Figs. 8 to 10 show simplified representations of an embodiment of the invention not belonging to the invention, in which the jet outlet opening 9 on the inside of the jet disk 3 are surrounded by a cylindrical recess 15. Here, pins 8 are used, the only one cylindrical Have constant diameter section. In the presentation 10, the flow through the jet outlet opening 9 is not affected, so here is a softer Ray is created. Are the pins 8 in the recess 15th pushed in, a situation arises similar to the position 6, since now a narrow annular gap between the inner edge of the jet outlet opening 9 and the front Front end 13 of the pins 8 is formed.

Werden die Stifte 8 weiter verschoben, so wird die an der vorderen Stirnfläche 13 gebildete Schulter durch den Eingang der Strahlaustrittsöffnung 9 eingeschoben und durch die Strahlaustrittsöffnung 9 vollständig hindurchgeschoben, bis die in Fig. 8 dargestellte Position erreicht ist, die der Position der Fig. 7 entspricht.If the pins 8 moved further, then the at the front end face 13 formed shoulder through the entrance the jet outlet opening 9 is inserted and through the Beam outlet opening 9 completely pushed through until the position shown in Fig. 8 is reached, the Position of FIG. 7 corresponds.

Bei den dargestellten Ausführungsformen wird ein manuelles Bedienelement verwendet, um die verschiedenen Positionen herzustellen. Die Anordnung einer Turbine im Innern des Brausekopfs könnte ebenfalls dazu dienen, ein ständiges Hinund Hergehen der Stifte 8 oder der Strahlscheibe 3 zu erreichen, um ständig zwischen einem weichen Strahl, einem harten Strahl und einer Reinigungsposition umzuschalten.In the illustrated embodiments, a manual Control element used to control the different positions manufacture. The arrangement of a turbine inside the Shower head could also serve, a constant Hinund To reach the pins 8 or the jet disk 3, constantly between a soft jet, a hard one Beam and a cleaning position to switch.

Die Figuren 11 bis 14 zeigen weitere Ausführungsformen von Stiften, wie sie von der Erfindung für den Brausekopf vorgeschlagen werden. In den Figuren sind nur die Stifte selbst dargestellt, so daß zu ihrer Bewegung eine Bewegungseinrichtung benutzt wird, wie sie unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren 1 bis 7 dargestellt und erläutert wurde.FIGS. 11 to 14 show further embodiments of FIG Pins, as proposed by the invention for the shower head become. In the figures, only the pins themselves represented, so that a movement device for their movement is used, as with reference to the figures 1 to 7 has been illustrated and explained.

Während bei den bisherigen Ausführungsformen der Figuren 1 bis 7 die Stifte 8 aus einem vorderen zylindrischen Abschnitt 8b verringerten Durchmessers und einem darauf folgenden Abschnitt 8a mit einem vergrößerten Durchmesser bestanden, zeichnen sich die Stifte der Figuren 11 bis 14 dadurch aus, daß der Abschnitt größeren Durchmessers von der Zylinderform und damit auch von der Form des Strahlaustrittslochs, in das hinein er bewegt werden kann, abweicht. While in the previous embodiments of Figures 1 to 7, the pins 8 from a front cylindrical portion 8b reduced diameter and a subsequent Passed section 8a with an enlarged diameter, characterized the pins of Figures 11 to 14 characterized, that the larger diameter portion of the cylindrical shape and thus also on the shape of the jet exit hole, in the into which he can be moved deviates.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 11 enthält der Stift 18 einen sein freies Ende bildenden vorderen Abschnitt 8b, wo der Stift 18 einen konstanten Durchmesser mit einer glatten Oberfläche aufweist. Dies entspricht insoweit den Ausführungsformen nach den Figuren 1 bis 7.In the embodiment of FIG. 11, the pin 18 a free end forming the front portion 8 b, where the pin 18 has a constant diameter with a smooth Surface has. This corresponds to the extent of the embodiments according to the figures 1 to 7.

Der sich daran anschließende Abschnitt 18a weist in seiner zylindrischen Mantelfläche, deren Durchmesser dem Durchmesser des Strahlaustrittslochs entspricht, mehrere sich über die gesamte Länge erstreckende Nuten 19 auf. Diese Nuten 19 weisen einen von dem dem freien Ende des Stifts 18 zugewandten Ende ausgehend abnehmenden Querschnitt auf, so daß bei weiterem Verschieben des Stifts 18 in das Strahlaustrittsloch die Menge des durchströmenden Wassers verringert wird.The adjoining section 18a points in his cylindrical surface whose diameter is the diameter the jet exit hole corresponds, several on the entire length extending grooves 19. These grooves 19 have one of the free end of the pin 18 facing End starting decreasing cross section, so that at further displacement of the pin 18 in the jet exit hole the amount of water flowing through is reduced.

Fig. 12 zeigt eine Ansicht des Stifts 18 von unten in Fig. 11. Es ist zu sehen, daß die Nuten 19 beispielsweise mit einem dreieckigen Querschnitt sowohl eine abnehmende Breite als auch eine abnehmende Tiefe aufweisen.FIG. 12 shows a view of the pin 18 from below in FIG. 11. It can be seen that the grooves 19, for example, with a triangular cross-section both a decreasing width as well as having a decreasing depth.

Natürlich wäre es auch denkbar, den Stift 18 so auszubilden, daß die Nuten 19 eine umgekehrte Orientierung aufweisen, also eine von unten nach oben in Fig. 11 zunehmende Tiefe und Breite.Of course, it would also be conceivable to design the pin 18 in such a way that the grooves 19 have a reverse orientation, ie a from bottom to top in Fig. 11 increasing depth and Width.

Fig. 13 zeigt die Seitenansicht eines Stifts 28, bei dem in dem zylindrischen Teil 28a eine oder auch mehrere Nuten 20 angeordnet sind, die einen sich nicht ändernden Querschnitt aufweisen. Die Nuten 20 laufen aber schräg gegenüber der Längsachse oder auch längs einer Schraubenlinie mit sehr großer Steigung. Hierdurch wird zwar nicht eine Änderung der Menge des austretenden Wassers während des Verschiebens des Teils 28a bewirkt, aber eine gewisse Änderung des Strahlbildes. Fig. 14 zeigt eine Ausbildung eines Stifts 38, bei dem in der Oberfläche des an sich zylindrischen Teils 38a in Längsrichtungtung verlaufende Vertiefungen 21 ausgebildet sind, die nicht über die gesamte Länge des zylindrischen Teils 38a verlaufen.Fig. 13 shows the side view of a pin 28, in which the cylindrical part 28a one or more grooves 20th are arranged, which have a non-changing cross-section respectively. The grooves 20 but run diagonally opposite to the Longitudinal axis or along a helix with very great slope. This does not change the Amount of escaping water during shifting of the Part 28a causes, but some change in the spray pattern. Fig. 14 shows an embodiment of a pin 38, wherein in the Surface of the per se cylindrical portion 38a in Längstung extending recesses 21 are formed, not extend over the entire length of the cylindrical portion 38a.

Weiterhin kann vorgesehen sein, in einem kreiszylindrischen Loch einen Stift 18 beispielsweise mit einem elliptischen Querschnitt anzuordnen, wobei dieser elliptische Querschnitt auch leicht gewendelt sein kann, um dadurch ähnliche Effekte zu bewirken wie bei der Ausführungsform der Fig. 13.Furthermore, it can be provided in a circular cylindrical Hole a pin 18, for example, with an elliptical Cross section to be arranged, this elliptical cross section may also be slightly coiled to thereby have similar effects to effect as in the embodiment of FIG. 13th

Claims (13)

  1. Showerhead containing
    1.1 a water conduit
    1.2 a spray disk (3) with a multitude of spray outlets (9),
    1.3 a multitude of pins (8) positioned in the extension of the spray outlets (9), as well as
    1.4 a handling device to cause a displacement between the pins (8) and the spray disk (3) having the spray outlets (9), with
    1.5 an inactive position in which the pins (8) do not reduce the cross-section of the spray outlets (9) and with
    1.6 an active position in which the pins (8) reduce but do not seal the cross-section of the spray outlets (9),
    characterised in that
    1.7 a third position of the movement between the spray disk (3) and the pins (8) is planned in which the pins (8) further reduce the cross-section of the spray outlets (9) until they seal, wherein
    1.8 the pins (8) have an axial shoulder, the exterior diameter of which is essentially the same as the interior diameter of the spray outlets (9) and is moved into the spray outlets (9) when transferring from the active into the third position.
  2. Showerhead according to claim 1, whereby the pins (8) are positioned in the third position with a front section (8b) in the spray outlets (9).
  3. Showerhead according to one of the preceding claims, whereby the handling device moves the pins (8), and preferably all the pins together.
  4. Showerhead according to one of the preceding claims, whereby the handling device moves the spray disk (3) having the spray outlets (9).
  5. Showerhead according to one of the preceding claims, whereby the handling device has a manual actuating element (4).
  6. Showerhead according to one of the preceding claims, whereby a turbine controlled by the flowing water moves the handling device.
  7. Showerhead according to one of the preceding claims, whereby the pins (8) have a front section (8b) with a reduced diameter, which is positioned in the active position inside the spray outlets (9).
  8. Showerhead according to one of the preceding claims, whereby the shoulder (11) is formed with a reduced diameter at the transition between the pin (8) and the front section (8b) thereof.
  9. Showerhead according to one of the preceding claims, whereby the spray outlets (9) on the interior of the spray disk (3) are surrounded by an opening (15) with an enlarged diameter, in which the front end of the pins (8) is positioned in the active position.
  10. Showerhead according to one of the preceding claims, whereby in the active position of the handling device an annular groove is formed between the spray outlet (9) and the assigned pin (8).
  11. Showerhead according to one of claims 8 to 10, whereby the axial length of the front section (8b) of the pins (8) is at least the same as the axial length of the spray outlets (9).
  12. Showerhead according to one of the preceding claims, whereby the pins (18, 28, 38) have a section (18a, 28a, 38a), in which they deviate from the cross-section form of the assigned spray outlet (9), and in particular only over part of their circumference.
  13. Showerhead according to claim 12, whereby the deviating section (18a, 28a, 38a) to the cross-section form may possibly have recesses, grooves or similar items with a varying cross-section extending over only part of the length of the section.
EP98116485A 1997-09-02 1998-09-01 Shower head with pin descaler Expired - Lifetime EP0901837B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI9830618T SI0901837T1 (en) 1997-09-02 1998-09-01 Shower head with pin descaler

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19738271A DE19738271A1 (en) 1997-09-02 1997-09-02 Shower head
DE19738271 1997-09-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0901837A1 EP0901837A1 (en) 1999-03-17
EP0901837B1 true EP0901837B1 (en) 2004-02-25

Family

ID=7840922

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98116485A Expired - Lifetime EP0901837B1 (en) 1997-09-02 1998-09-01 Shower head with pin descaler

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0901837B1 (en)
DE (2) DE19738271A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0901837T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2216220T3 (en)
SI (1) SI0901837T1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102580870A (en) * 2011-03-18 2012-07-18 修昌珉 Automatic scale-cleaning shower head

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113546773A (en) * 2021-06-29 2021-10-26 王荣涛 Shower faucet

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1982538A (en) * 1932-06-04 1934-11-27 Mueller Co Shower head
US2251192A (en) * 1938-09-08 1941-07-29 Mueller Co Shower head
GB664627A (en) * 1949-05-09 1952-01-09 James Arnold Parkes Improvements in spray nozzles
GB2210566B (en) * 1987-10-06 1991-04-03 Caradon Mira Ltd Improved spray head for ablutionary appliances
FR2707528B1 (en) * 1993-07-16 1995-09-08 Valentin Sa Multi-jet hand shower.
DE4428788A1 (en) * 1994-08-13 1996-02-15 Grohe Kg Hans Spray head

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102580870A (en) * 2011-03-18 2012-07-18 修昌珉 Automatic scale-cleaning shower head

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK0901837T3 (en) 2004-05-03
SI0901837T1 (en) 2004-06-30
ES2216220T3 (en) 2004-10-16
DE19738271A1 (en) 1999-03-04
DE59810829D1 (en) 2004-04-01
EP0901837A1 (en) 1999-03-17

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