EP0894345A1 - Electrical connector and electrical connecting component for use therein - Google Patents

Electrical connector and electrical connecting component for use therein

Info

Publication number
EP0894345A1
EP0894345A1 EP97916424A EP97916424A EP0894345A1 EP 0894345 A1 EP0894345 A1 EP 0894345A1 EP 97916424 A EP97916424 A EP 97916424A EP 97916424 A EP97916424 A EP 97916424A EP 0894345 A1 EP0894345 A1 EP 0894345A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrical
connection device
contact
connection
terminal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97916424A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0894345B1 (en
Inventor
Harald Hartmann
Peter Zvokolj
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tridonic Bauelemente GmbH
Original Assignee
Tridonic Bauelemente GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tridonic Bauelemente GmbH filed Critical Tridonic Bauelemente GmbH
Publication of EP0894345A1 publication Critical patent/EP0894345A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0894345B1 publication Critical patent/EP0894345B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
    • H01R12/50—Fixed connections
    • H01R12/51—Fixed connections for rigid printed circuits or like structures
    • H01R12/515—Terminal blocks providing connections to wires or cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
    • H01R4/48—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a spring, clip, or other resilient member
    • H01R4/4809—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a spring, clip, or other resilient member using a leaf spring to bias the conductor toward the busbar
    • H01R4/48185—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a spring, clip, or other resilient member using a leaf spring to bias the conductor toward the busbar adapted for axial insertion of a wire end
    • H01R4/4819—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a spring, clip, or other resilient member using a leaf spring to bias the conductor toward the busbar adapted for axial insertion of a wire end the spring shape allowing insertion of the conductor end when the spring is unbiased
    • H01R4/4821—Single-blade spring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
    • H01R4/48—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a spring, clip, or other resilient member
    • H01R4/4809—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a spring, clip, or other resilient member using a leaf spring to bias the conductor toward the busbar
    • H01R4/4846—Busbar details
    • H01R4/4848—Busbar integrally formed with the spring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
    • H01R4/48—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a spring, clip, or other resilient member
    • H01R4/4809—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a spring, clip, or other resilient member using a leaf spring to bias the conductor toward the busbar
    • H01R4/484—Spring housing details
    • H01R4/4842—Spring housing details the spring housing being provided with a single opening for insertion of a spring-activating tool

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical connection device according to the preamble of claim 1 and an electrical connecting element according to the
  • the invention relates to an electrical connection device and an electrical connection element for connecting electrical connection lines to an electronic operating device for a lamp.
  • a connecting terminal As a connecting element for electrically connecting a connecting line to the electronic operating device, a connecting terminal is known which is installed as a terminal insert in a specially molded plastic housing, the entire arrangement then being soldered onto a circuit board to be contacted.
  • the electrical connection line is connected to the A terminal, so that the connection terminal serves as a connecting element between the electrical connection line and the printed circuit board.
  • connection terminal together with its plastic housing must be soldered onto the baffle plate.
  • the automatic assembly of such clamping inserts is therefore very complex and therefore also expensive.
  • the dimensional accuracy of soldered terminals is unsatisfactory, since there are inaccuracies due to the accumulation of several tolerances that must be allowed between the terminals and the circuit board and between the circuit board and the housing of the control gear and between the housing and the location of the luminaire.
  • a sufficiently high dimensional accuracy is particularly important for applications in which electronic operating devices are to be automatically wired in a luminaire.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of proposing an electrical connection device and an electrical connection element for use in an electrical connection device which prevent the connection element from being soldered to an electrical circuit unit to be contacted, for example a printed circuit board of an electronic operating device for a lamp, and nevertheless choose a reliable electrical contact with the electrical circuit unit.
  • connection device Furthermore, a simpler and cheaper production of the connection device should be possible.
  • the configuration of the connecting element according to the invention allows contacting with the electrical circuit unit to be contacted only when the connection device is finally assembled. namely automatically after inserting the circuit unit to be contacted into the housing of the connection device. It is no longer necessary to solder the connecting element onto the electrical circuit unit.
  • the circuit unit to be contacted can in particular be a printed circuit board or printed circuit board an electronic operating device for a lamp.
  • connection device in particular the lower housing part, and the connecting element, which is designed in particular as a terminal insert, enable the connecting element to be held in the housing, so that, in contrast to the prior art mentioned above, an additional housing for the connecting element is not required is.
  • the manufacture of the electrical connection device is therefore easier and cheaper.
  • electrical connection of the connection element to the electrical circuit unit is significantly simplified.
  • connection elements are arranged side by side in the housing, the number of poles can be selected to be correct during the final assembly of the connection device, since depending on the number of poles selected, only the required number of connection elements need to be inserted into corresponding receiving spaces of the housing of the connection device.
  • the connecting element is designed in particular as a connecting terminal and has a plug-in terminal contact and / or insulation displacement contact for contacting at least one electrical connecting line. Furthermore, a screw contact with the electrical connection line is also possible.
  • the connection terminal is advantageous bent from a conductive material strip in such a way that the end of the connector contacting the electrical switching unit in the connecting device constitutes a resilient contact for the switching unit, which automatically establishes a safe electrical contact with a corresponding contact field on the switching unit when the switching unit is inserted into the housing.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 a first exemplary embodiment of the connection device according to the invention, FIG. 1 showing a cross-sectional view along the line AA ′ of the connection device shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 2 the connection device shown in FIG. 1 from below,
  • Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention in a cross-sectional view
  • FIG. 6 shows a third exemplary embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention in a cross-sectional view.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of the connection device according to the invention in a partial cross-sectional view along the line AA 'shown in Fig. 2.
  • 2 shows the first exemplary embodiment from below.
  • FIG. 1 an electrical connection device for an electronic control gear for lamps is shown.
  • the connecting device comprises a housing consisting of an upper housing part 3 and a lower housing part 2 with a receiving space 9 for an electrical connecting element 1.
  • the connecting element 1 is designed as a connecting terminal or as a terminal insert and is inserted into the corresponding receiving space 9 and there preferably by fitting by means of friction or liability held. Likewise, holding the connection clamp in the receiving space 9 by means of a Possible screw connection.
  • the connecting device has at least one opening 8 for inserting at least one connecting wire 19.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 The curved terminal insert 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is shown in more detail in FIG. 3.
  • 4a and 4b show the terminal 1 unbent in the original strip film.
  • Fig. 4a shows the strip in side view and
  • Fig. 4b shows the strip in top view.
  • Fig . 4c shows the strip of an electrically conductive material shown in FIG. 4b in a cross-sectional view along the line BB ⁇
  • connection terminal is designed as a plug-in terminal with a plug insulation contact for a connecting wire.
  • the connecting wire is held between bends 13 of a support surface 12, which connects the two ends 10 and 11 of the connecting terminal 1, and one end 11 of the connecting terminal, this end 11 having a V-shaped punching 14.
  • the other end 10 of the connection terminal is used to contact an electrical switching unit 4 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the circuit unit 4 can in particular be a printed circuit board of an electronic operating device for lamps. From Fig. 1 it can be seen that the connection terminal or the KJemmendonin 1 is formed and inserted into the corresponding receiving space 9 of the housing 2, 3 such that the free end 10 of the connection terminal 1 automatically contacts a corresponding contact field of the printed circuit board 4 when this is inserted into the housing of the connection device. For this purpose, the free end 10 of the terminal 1 is bent such that it rests on the bottom of the lower housing part 2 and makes electrical contact with the corresponding contact field or a corresponding conductor track of the printed circuit board.
  • circuit board 4 is only contacted during the final assembly of the electronic control gear, i.e. automatically when inserting the circuit board 4 into the housing of the connection device.
  • the connecting device has snap hooks or other holding means 6 for fastening and fixing the printed circuit board 4 in the
  • the connecting device or the lower housing part 2 has a recess 5 for receiving corresponding holding means - for example a screw connection - which connect the housing or the electronic control gear to a luminaire housing.
  • Fig. 2 shows that several clamping inserts or terminals 1 are advantageously arranged side by side.
  • the desired number of poles can be selected during final assembly. It depends only on the number of poles selected, the required number of terminals or terminal inserts 1 in the corresponding receiving spaces 9 of the housing 2, 3 of the connecting device. The unneeded receiving spaces remain free and are sufficiently narrow that it is not necessary to have these spaces blasted. This option during the final assembly of the electronic control gear makes assembly much easier, since different types of connection terminals do not have to be prefabricated for different device types.
  • FIG. 5 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the invention in cross-sectional view. 5 that the plug-in terminal of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is replaced by a screw terminal 16.
  • a connecting line to be inserted through the opening 8 is clamped between the jaws of the screw terminal and the actual contact spring 1.
  • the contact spring 1 in turn contacts a corresponding contact field 15 of a printed circuit board 4 held by snap hooks 6.
  • connection terminal 1 has an insulation displacement contact 18 in its upper region in addition to a plug-in contact 17 in its lower region.
  • connecting lines can be contacted in different ways or several connecting lines can be contacted simultaneously.
  • the effect of the connection terminal 1 shown in FIG. 6 corresponds to the effect of the previously described connection terminals.
  • the free end 10 of the terminal 1 in turn makes a resilient electrical contact with the printed circuit board 4.

Landscapes

  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Connections Arranged To Contact A Plurality Of Conductors (AREA)
  • Multi-Conductor Connections (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Connections By Means Of Piercing Elements, Nuts, Or Screws (AREA)
  • Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

An electrical connector and electrical connecting component (1) for connecting at least one electric lead (19) to an electric circuit unit (4), especially a printed circuit board, in which the connecting component (1) is designed in such a way that, after the electric circuit unit (4) has been fitted in the electrical connector, it automatically electrically contacts the electric circuit unit (4). In particular, the electrical connecting component (1) takes the form of a terminal, where one end (10) thereof ensures a spring-loaded contact with the electric circuit unit (4).

Description

Elektrische Anschlußvorrichtung und elektrisches Verbindungselement zur Verwendung in einer elektrischen Anschlußvorrichtung Electrical connector and connector for use in an electrical connector
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine elektrische Anschlußvorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie ein elektrisches Verbindungselement nach demThe present invention relates to an electrical connection device according to the preamble of claim 1 and an electrical connecting element according to the
Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 20, welches in einer elektrischen Anschlußvorrichtung verwendet wird.The preamble of claim 20, which is used in an electrical connection device.
Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung eine elektrische Anschlußvorrichtung und ein elektrisches Verbindungselement zum Anschließen von elektrischen Anschlußleitungen an ein elektronisches Betriebsgerät für eine Lampe.In particular, the invention relates to an electrical connection device and an electrical connection element for connecting electrical connection lines to an electronic operating device for a lamp.
Als Verbindungselement zum elektrischen Verbinden einer Anschlußleitung mit dem elektronischen Betriebsgerät ist eine Anschlußklemme bekannt, die als Klemmeneinsatz in ein eigens gespritztes Kunststoffgehäuse eingebaut wird, wobei anschließend die gesamte Anordnung auf eine zu kontaktierende Leiterplatte aufgelötet wird. Mit der A schlußklemme wird andererseits die elektrische Anschlußleitung verbunden, so daß die AnscUußklemme als Verbindungselement zwischen der elektrischen Anschlußleitung und der Leiterplatte bzw. Leiterplatine dient.As a connecting element for electrically connecting a connecting line to the electronic operating device, a connecting terminal is known which is installed as a terminal insert in a specially molded plastic housing, the entire arrangement then being soldered onto a circuit board to be contacted. On the other hand, the electrical connection line is connected to the A terminal, so that the connection terminal serves as a connecting element between the electrical connection line and the printed circuit board.
Eine derartige Anschlußvorrichtung bzw. ein derartiges Verbindungselement weist jedoch den Nachteil auf, daß die AnscUußklemme mitsamt ihres Kunststoffgehäuses auf die Leitelplatte gelötet werden muß. Die automatische Bestückung derartiger Klemmeinsätze ist somit sehr aufwendig und daher auch teuer. Außerdem ist die Maßgenauigkeit bei gelöteten Anschlußklemmen nicht zufriedenstellend, da sich Ungenauigkeiten aufgrund der Aufsummierung mehrerer Toleranzen ergeben, die zwischen den AnschlußUemmen und der Leiterplatte sowie zwischen der Leiterplatte und dem Gehäuse des Betriebsgerätes und zwischen dem Gehäuse und dem Einbauort der Leuchte zugelassen werden müssen. Eine ausreichend hohe Maßgenauigkeit ist jedoch insbesondere für Anwendungen, bei denen elektronische Betriebsgeräte in einer Leuchte automatisch verdrahtet werden sollen, von großer Bedeutung.However, such a connecting device or such a connecting element has the disadvantage that the connection terminal together with its plastic housing must be soldered onto the baffle plate. The automatic assembly of such clamping inserts is therefore very complex and therefore also expensive. In addition, the dimensional accuracy of soldered terminals is unsatisfactory, since there are inaccuracies due to the accumulation of several tolerances that must be allowed between the terminals and the circuit board and between the circuit board and the housing of the control gear and between the housing and the location of the luminaire. However, a sufficiently high dimensional accuracy is particularly important for applications in which electronic operating devices are to be automatically wired in a luminaire.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung hegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine elektrische Anschlußvomchtung sowie ein elektrisches Anschlußelement zur Verwendung in einer elektrischen Anschlußvorrichtung vorzuschlagen, welche ein Verlöten des Verbindungselements mit einer zu kontaktierenden elektrischen Schaltungseinheit, z.B. einer Leiterplatine eines elektronischen Betriebsgeräts einer Lampe, vermeiden und trotzdem einen zuverlässigen elektrischen Kontakt mit der elektrischen Schaltungseinheit gewählleisten.The present invention is therefore based on the object of proposing an electrical connection device and an electrical connection element for use in an electrical connection device which prevent the connection element from being soldered to an electrical circuit unit to be contacted, for example a printed circuit board of an electronic operating device for a lamp, and nevertheless choose a reliable electrical contact with the electrical circuit unit.
Des weiteren soll eine einfachere und billigere Herstellung der Anschlußvomchtung möglich sein.Furthermore, a simpler and cheaper production of the connection device should be possible.
Die oben genannte Aufgabe wird bezüglich der elektrischen Anschlußvorrichtung durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 und bezüglich des elektrischen Verbindungselements durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 20 gelöst.The above object is achieved with respect to the electrical connection device by the features of claim 1 and with regard to the electrical connecting element by the features of claim 20.
Die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung des Verbindungselements ermöglicht eine Kontaktierung mit der zu kontaktierenden elektrischen Schaltungseinheit erst bei der Endmontage der Anschlußvomchtung. nämlich automatisch nach dem Einsetzen der zu kontaktierenden Schaltungseinheit in das Gehäuse der Anschlußvorrichtung. Ein Auflöten des Verbindungselements auf die elektrische Schaltungseinheit ist nicht mehr erforderhch. Die zu kontaktierende Schaltimgseinheit kann insbesondere eine Leiterplatte bzw. Leiterplatine eine elektronischen Betriebsgeräts für eine Lampe sein.The configuration of the connecting element according to the invention allows contacting with the electrical circuit unit to be contacted only when the connection device is finally assembled. namely automatically after inserting the circuit unit to be contacted into the housing of the connection device. It is no longer necessary to solder the connecting element onto the electrical circuit unit. The circuit unit to be contacted can in particular be a printed circuit board or printed circuit board an electronic operating device for a lamp.
Die besondere Ausgestaltung des Gehäuses der Anschlußvorrichtung, insbesondere des Gehäuseunterteils, und des Verbindungselements, welches insbesondere als Klemmeneinsatz ausgebildet ist, ermöglichen ein Halten des Verbindungselements in dem Gehäuse, so daß im Gegensatz zum oben genannten Stand der Technik ein zusätzliches Gehäuse für das Verbindungselement nicht erforderhch ist. Die Herstellung der elektrischen Anschlußvorrichtung ist daher einfacher und billiger. Ebenso ist die elektrische Verbindung des Anschlußelements mit der elektrischen Schaltungseinheit deutlich vereinfacht.The special design of the housing of the connection device, in particular the lower housing part, and the connecting element, which is designed in particular as a terminal insert, enable the connecting element to be held in the housing, so that, in contrast to the prior art mentioned above, an additional housing for the connecting element is not required is. The manufacture of the electrical connection device is therefore easier and cheaper. Likewise, the electrical connection of the connection element to the electrical circuit unit is significantly simplified.
Werden mehere Anschlußelemente nebeneinander in dem Gehäuse angeordnet, kann während der Endmontage der Anschlußvorrichtung die Polanzahl behebig gewählt werden, da abhängig von der gewählten Polanzahl vor Ort nurmehr die benötigte Anzahl von Verbindungselementen in entsprechende Aufhahmeräume des Gehäuses der Anschlußvorrichtung eingesetzt werden müssen.If several connection elements are arranged side by side in the housing, the number of poles can be selected to be correct during the final assembly of the connection device, since depending on the number of poles selected, only the required number of connection elements need to be inserted into corresponding receiving spaces of the housing of the connection device.
Das Verbindungselement ist insbesondere als Anschlußklemme ausgebildet und weist einen SteckMemmkontakt und/oder Schneidklemmkontakt zum Kontaktieren mindestens einer elektrischen Anschlußleitung auf. Des weiteren ist auch ein SchraubUemmkontakt mit der elektrischen Anschlußleitung möglich. Vorteilhafterweise ist die Anschlußklemme aus einem leitfähigen Materialstreifen derart gebogen, daß das die elektrische Schalttmgseinheit in der Anschlußvorrichtung kontaktierende Ende der AnscUiißWemme einen federnden Kontakt für die Schaltungseinheit darstellt, der beim Einsetzen der Schaltxingseinheit in das Gehäuse automatisch einen sicheren elektrischen Kontakt mit einem entsprechenden Kontaktfeld auf der Schaltungseinheit herstellt.The connecting element is designed in particular as a connecting terminal and has a plug-in terminal contact and / or insulation displacement contact for contacting at least one electrical connecting line. Furthermore, a screw contact with the electrical connection line is also possible. The connection terminal is advantageous bent from a conductive material strip in such a way that the end of the connector contacting the electrical switching unit in the connecting device constitutes a resilient contact for the switching unit, which automatically establishes a safe electrical contact with a corresponding contact field on the switching unit when the switching unit is inserted into the housing.
Die Unteransprüche geben vorteilhafte Ausbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Anschlußvorrichtung bzw. des erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungselements an.The subclaims indicate advantageous configurations of the connecting device according to the invention and the connecting element according to the invention.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1 und 2 ein erstes Ausfuhrungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Anschlußvorrichtung, wobei Fig. 1 eine Querschnittsansicht entlang der Linie AA' der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Anschlußvorrichtung und Fig. 2 die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Anschlußvorrichtung von unten zeigt,1 and 2 a first exemplary embodiment of the connection device according to the invention, FIG. 1 showing a cross-sectional view along the line AA ′ of the connection device shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 2 the connection device shown in FIG. 1 from below,
Fig. 3 und 4a - 4c ein Ausfuhrungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungselements,3 and 4a - 4c an exemplary embodiment of a connecting element according to the invention,
Fig. 5 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Anschlußvorrichtung in einer Querschnittsansicht, undFig. 5 shows a second embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention in a cross-sectional view, and
Fig. 6 ein drittes Ausfiihrungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemaßen Anschlußvorrichtung in einer Querschnittsansicht.6 shows a third exemplary embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention in a cross-sectional view.
Fig. 1 zeigt ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Anschlußvorrichtung in einer Teil-Querschnittsansicht entlang der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Linie AA'. Fig. 2 zeigt das erste Ausfiihrungsbeispiel von unten.Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of the connection device according to the invention in a partial cross-sectional view along the line AA 'shown in Fig. 2. 2 shows the first exemplary embodiment from below.
In Fig. 1 ist eine elektrische Anschlußvorrichtung für ein elektronisches Betriebsgerät für Lampen dargestellt. Die Anschlußvorrichtung umfaßt ein aus einem Gehäuseoberteil 3 und einem Gehäuseunterteil 2 bestehendes Gehäuse mit einem Aufnahmeraum 9 für ein elektrisches Verbindungselement 1. Das Verbindungselement 1 ist als Anschlußklemme bzw. als Klemmeneinsatz ausgebildet und wird in den entsprechenden Aufhahmeraum 9 eingesetzt und dort vorzugsweise durch Paßsitz mittels Reibung bzw. Haftung gehalten. Ebenso ist auch ein Halten der Ansclilußklemme in dem Aufhahmeraum 9 mit Hilfe einer Schraubenverbindung denkbar. Die Anschlußvorrichtung weist mindestens eine Öffnung 8 zum Einführen rnindestens eines Anschlußdrahts 19 auf.In Fig. 1, an electrical connection device for an electronic control gear for lamps is shown. The connecting device comprises a housing consisting of an upper housing part 3 and a lower housing part 2 with a receiving space 9 for an electrical connecting element 1. The connecting element 1 is designed as a connecting terminal or as a terminal insert and is inserted into the corresponding receiving space 9 and there preferably by fitting by means of friction or liability held. Likewise, holding the connection clamp in the receiving space 9 by means of a Possible screw connection. The connecting device has at least one opening 8 for inserting at least one connecting wire 19.
Der in Fig.1 und 2 gezeigte gebogene Klemmeneinsatz 1 ist näher in Fig. 3 dargestellt. Fig. 4a und 4b zeigen die Anschlußklemme 1 ungebogen in der ursprünglichen Streifenfoπn. Fig. 4a zeigt den Streifen in Seitenansicht und Fig. 4b zeigt den Streifen in Draufsicht. Fig. 4c zeigt den in Fig. 4b dargestellten Streifen aus einem elektrisch leitfähigem Material in Querschnitt sansicht entlang der Linie BB\The curved terminal insert 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is shown in more detail in FIG. 3. 4a and 4b show the terminal 1 unbent in the original strip film. Fig. 4a shows the strip in side view and Fig. 4b shows the strip in top view. Fig . 4c shows the strip of an electrically conductive material shown in FIG. 4b in a cross-sectional view along the line BB \
Der in Fig. 4a bis 4c gezeigte Streifen ist derart gebogen, daß die Anschlußklemme die in Fig. 1 und 3 gezeigte Form aufweist. Die Anschlußklemme ist als Steckklemme mit einem Steclddemmkontakt für einen Anschlußdraht ausgebildet. Der Anschlußdraht wird dabei zwischen Aufbiegungen 13 einer Auflagefiache 12, die die beiden Enden 10 und 1 1 der Anschlußklemme 1 verbindet, und dem einen Ende 11 der AnscUußklemme gehalten, wobei dieses Ende 11 eine V-förmige Ausstanzung 14 aufweist. Das andere Ende 10 der Anschlußklemme dient zum Kontaktieren einer in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten elektrischen Schaltrjngseinheit 4.The strip shown in Fig. 4a to 4c is bent such that the terminal has the shape shown in Figs. 1 and 3. The connection terminal is designed as a plug-in terminal with a plug insulation contact for a connecting wire. The connecting wire is held between bends 13 of a support surface 12, which connects the two ends 10 and 11 of the connecting terminal 1, and one end 11 of the connecting terminal, this end 11 having a V-shaped punching 14. The other end 10 of the connection terminal is used to contact an electrical switching unit 4 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
Die Schaltungseinheit 4 kann insbesondere eine Leiterplatine eines elektronischen Betriebsgerätes für Lampen sein. Aus Fig. 1 ist ersichtlich, daß die Anschlußklemme bzw. der KJemmeneinsatz 1 derart ausgebildet und in den entsprechenden Aufhahmeraum 9 des Gehäuses 2, 3 derart eingesetzt ist, daß das freie Ende 10 der Anschlußklemme 1 automatisch ein entsprechendes Kontaktfeld der Leiterplatine 4 kontaktiert, wenn diese in das Gehäuse der Anschlußvorrichtung eingesetzt wird. Zu diesem Zweck ist das freie Ende 10 der Anschlußklemme 1 derart gebogen, daß es am Boden des Gehäuseunterteils 2 aufliegt und federnd das entsprechende Kontaktfeld bzw. eine entsprechende Leiterbahn der Leiterplatine elektrisch kontaktiert.The circuit unit 4 can in particular be a printed circuit board of an electronic operating device for lamps. From Fig. 1 it can be seen that the connection terminal or the KJemmeneinsatz 1 is formed and inserted into the corresponding receiving space 9 of the housing 2, 3 such that the free end 10 of the connection terminal 1 automatically contacts a corresponding contact field of the printed circuit board 4 when this is inserted into the housing of the connection device. For this purpose, the free end 10 of the terminal 1 is bent such that it rests on the bottom of the lower housing part 2 and makes electrical contact with the corresponding contact field or a corresponding conductor track of the printed circuit board.
Somit ist ohne Löten ein stets sicherer elektrischer Kontakt der Leiterplatine 4 gewährleistet. Zudem erfolgt die Kontaktierung der Leiterplatine 4 erst bei der Endmontage des elektronischen Betriebsgeräts, d.h. automatisch beim Einsetzen der Leiterplatine 4 in das Gehäuse der Anschlußvorrichtung.Thus, an always safe electrical contact of the printed circuit board 4 is guaranteed without soldering. In addition, the circuit board 4 is only contacted during the final assembly of the electronic control gear, i.e. automatically when inserting the circuit board 4 into the housing of the connection device.
Wie aus Fig. 1 und 2 ersichtlich ist, weist die Anschlußvorrichtung Schnapphaken oder sonstige Haltemittel 6 zum Befestigen und Fixieren der Leiterplatine 4 in demAs can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the connecting device has snap hooks or other holding means 6 for fastening and fixing the printed circuit board 4 in the
Gehäuseunterteil 2 auf. Zudem ist in dem Gehäuse 2, 3 eine weitere Öffnung 7 vorgesehen, die ein Einführen eines entsprechenden Werkzeuges erlaubt, um den Klemmkontakt zwischen der Anschlußklemme 1 und dem Anschlußdraht 19 zu lösen. Zu diesem Zweck muß mit dem Werkzeug ein Druck auf das eine Ende 1 1 der Anschlußklemme 1 ausgeübt werden, um den eingeklemmten Anschlußdraht wieder freizugeben. Ebenso weist die Anschlußvorrichtung bzw. das Gehäuseunterteil 2 eine Ausnehmung 5 zur Aufnahme entsprechender Halterungsmittel - z.B. einer Schraubenverbindung - auf, die das Gehäuse bzw. das elektronische Betriebsgerät mit einem Leuchtengehäuse verbinden.Lower housing part 2. In addition, a further opening 7 is provided in the housing 2, 3, which allows an appropriate tool to be inserted around the To release the terminal contact between the terminal 1 and the connecting wire 19. For this purpose, pressure must be exerted on the one end 11 of the terminal 1 with the tool in order to release the pinched connecting wire again. Likewise, the connecting device or the lower housing part 2 has a recess 5 for receiving corresponding holding means - for example a screw connection - which connect the housing or the electronic control gear to a luminaire housing.
Fig. 2 zeigt, daß vorteilhafterweise mehrere Klemmeinsätze bzw. Anschlußklemmen 1 nebeneinander angeordnet sind. Somit kann bedarfsabhängig, d.h. abhängig von dem Gerätetyp, bei der Endmontage die gewünschte Polzahl gewählt werden. Es wird dabei lediglich abhängig von der gewählten Polzahl die benötigte Anzahl von Anschlußklemmen bzw. Klemmeinsätzen 1 in die entsprechenden Aufhahmeräume 9 des Gehäuses 2, 3 der Anschlußvorrichtung eingesetzt. Die nicht benötigten Aufhahmeräume bleiben frei und sind ausreichend schmal, so daß ein Verschheßen dieser Räume mcht notwendig ist. Durch diese Wahlmöglichkeit während der Endmontage des elektronischen Betriebsgeräts wird die Montage deutlich erleichtert, da nicht für unterschiedliche Gerätetypen unterschiedliche Arten von Anschlußklemmen vorgefertigt werden müssen.Fig. 2 shows that several clamping inserts or terminals 1 are advantageously arranged side by side. Thus, depending on need, i.e. Depending on the device type, the desired number of poles can be selected during final assembly. It depends only on the number of poles selected, the required number of terminals or terminal inserts 1 in the corresponding receiving spaces 9 of the housing 2, 3 of the connecting device. The unneeded receiving spaces remain free and are sufficiently narrow that it is not necessary to have these spaces blasted. This option during the final assembly of the electronic control gear makes assembly much easier, since different types of connection terminals do not have to be prefabricated for different device types.
Fig. 5 zeigt ein zweites Ausfiihrungsbeispiel der Erfindung in Querschnittsansicht. Aus Fig. 5 ist ersichtlich, daß die Steckklemme des in Fig. 1 bis 4 gezeigten Ausfuhrungsbeispiels durch eine Schraubenklemme 16 ersetzt ist. Durch Betätigen der Schraube wird eine durch die Öffnung 8 einzuführende Anschlußleitung zwischen die Bakken der Schraubenklemme und die eigentliche Kontaktfeder 1 eingeklemmt. Die Kontaktfeder 1 kontaktiert wiederum ein entsprechendes Kontaktfeld 15 einer von Schnapphaken 6 gehaltenen Leiterplatine 4.5 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the invention in cross-sectional view. 5 that the plug-in terminal of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is replaced by a screw terminal 16. By actuating the screw, a connecting line to be inserted through the opening 8 is clamped between the jaws of the screw terminal and the actual contact spring 1. The contact spring 1 in turn contacts a corresponding contact field 15 of a printed circuit board 4 held by snap hooks 6.
In Fig. 6 ist schließlich ein drittes Ausfuhrungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt, wobei die Anschlußklemme 1 neben einem SteckUemmkontakt 17 in ihrem unteren Bereich eine Schneidklemmkontakt 18 in ihrem oberen Bereich aufweist. Auf diese Weise können Anschlußleitungen auf unterschiedliche Weise kontaktiert oder mehrere Anschlußleitungen gleichzeitig kontaktiert werden. Ansonsten entspricht die Wirkung der in Fig. 6 gezeigten Anschlußklemme 1 der Wirkung der zuvor beschriebenen AnscUußWemmen. Insbesondere stellt wiederum das freie Ende 10 der Anschlußklemme 1 einen federnden elektrischen Kontakt mit der Leiterplatine 4 her. Finally, a third exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 6, wherein the connection terminal 1 has an insulation displacement contact 18 in its upper region in addition to a plug-in contact 17 in its lower region. In this way, connecting lines can be contacted in different ways or several connecting lines can be contacted simultaneously. Otherwise, the effect of the connection terminal 1 shown in FIG. 6 corresponds to the effect of the previously described connection terminals. In particular, the free end 10 of the terminal 1 in turn makes a resilient electrical contact with the printed circuit board 4.

Claims

ANSPRÜCHE EXPECTATIONS
1. Elektrische Anschlußvorrichtung zum Verbinden mindestens einer elektrischen Anschlußleitung (19) mit einer elektrischen Schaltungseinheit (4), mit einem Gehäuse (2, 3), und mit Verbindungsmitteln (1) zum elektrischen Verbinden der Anschlußleitung (19) mit der elektrischen Schaltungseinheit (4), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsmittel (1) derart ausgestaltet sind, daß sie nach Montage der elektrischen Schaltungseinheit (4) in der elektrischen Anschlußvorrichtung automatisch die elektrische Schaltungseinheit (4) elektrisch kontaktieren.1. Electrical connection device for connecting at least one electrical connection line (19) with an electrical circuit unit (4), with a housing (2, 3), and with connecting means (1) for electrically connecting the connection line (19) with the electrical circuit unit (4 ), characterized in that the connecting means (1) are designed such that they automatically make electrical contact with the electrical circuit unit (4) after the electrical circuit unit (4) has been installed in the electrical connection device.
2. Anschlußvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch Haltemittel (6) zum Befestigen der elektrischen Schaltungseinheit (4) in dem Gehäuse (2,2. Connection device according to claim 1, characterized by holding means (6) for fastening the electrical circuit unit (4) in the housing (2,
3).3).
3. Anschlußvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrische Schaltungseinheit (4) eine elektrische Leiterplatte ist.3. Connection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electrical circuit unit (4) is an electrical circuit board.
4. Auschlußvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsmittel (1) in dem Gehäuse (2, 3) in einem entsprechenden Aufhahmeraum (9) gehalten sind.4. Exclusion device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting means (1) in the housing (2, 3) are held in a corresponding receiving space (9).
5. Anschlußvomchtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsmittel (1) in dem Aufhahmeraum (9) durch Paßsitz gehalten sind.5. Connection device according to claim 4, characterized in that the connecting means (1) are held in the receiving space (9) by a snug fit.
6. Anschlußvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsmittel mindestens eine elektrische Anschlußklemme (1) umfassen.6. Connection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting means comprise at least one electrical connection terminal (1).
7. Anschlußvorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsmittel eine Mehrzahl von elektrischen AnscMußklemmen (1) umfassen, die jeweils getrennt voneinander mit einer elektrischen Anschlußleitung (19) verbindbar sind7. Connection device according to claim 6, characterized in that the connecting means comprise a plurality of electrical connection terminals (1), each of which can be connected separately to an electrical connecting line (19)
8 Anschlußvorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anschlußklemmen (1) nebeneinander, insbesondere parallel zueinandei, angeordnet sind8 connecting device according to claim 7, characterized in that the connecting terminals (1) are arranged side by side, in particular parallel to each other
9 Anschlußvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anschlußklemme ( 1 ) einen Steckklemmkontakt (12, 13, 17) zum Kontaktieren der elektrischen Anschlußleitung (19) aufweist9 connecting device according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the connecting terminal (1) has a plug-in terminal contact (12, 13, 17) for contacting the electrical connecting line (19)
10 Anschlußvomchtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anschlußklemme (1) aus einem Streifen aus elektrisch leitfahigem Material derart gebogen ist, daß das eine Ende (11) mit einem die beiden Enden (1 1, 10) des Streifens verbindenden Ubergangsbereich (12) den Steckklemmkontakt (12, 13, 17) bildet und das andeie Ende (10) die elektrische Schaltungseinheit (4) nach deren Montage in der Anschlußvomchtung automatisch elektrisch kontaktiert.10 connection device according to claim 9, characterized in that the connecting terminal (1) is bent from a strip of electrically conductive material such that the one end (11) with a connecting the two ends (1 1, 10) of the strip connecting transition area (12 ) forms the plug-in contact (12, 13, 17) and the other end (10) automatically makes electrical contact with the electrical circuit unit (4) after it has been installed in the connection device.
11 Anschlußvorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anschlußklemme (1) in der Nahe des anderen Endes (10) am Boden des Gehäuses (2, 3) abgestützt ist11 Connection device according to claim 10, characterized in that the connecting terminal (1) in the vicinity of the other end (10) is supported on the bottom of the housing (2, 3)
12. Anschlußvorrichtung nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das andere Ende (10) die elektrische Schaltungseinheit (4) federnd kontaktiert12. Connection device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the other end (10) contacts the electrical circuit unit (4) resiliently
13 Anschlußvorrichtung nach einem dei Ansprüche 6 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anschlußklemme (1) einen Schraubklermnkontakt (16) zum Kontaktieien dei elektrischen Anschlußleitung (19) aufweist.13 Connection device according to one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that the connecting terminal (1) has a screw terminal contact (16) for contacting the electrical connecting line (19).
14 Anschlußvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anschlußklemme einen Schneidklemmkontakt (18) zum Kontaktieren einer elektrischen Anschlußleitung (19) aufweist.14 connecting device according to one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that the connection terminal has an insulation displacement contact (18) for contacting an electrical connection line (19).
15. Anschlußvomchtung nach Anspruch 9 und 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anschlußklemme den Schneidklemmkontakt (18) in ihrem oberen Bereich und den SteckUemmkontakt (11, 12; 17) in ihrem unteren Bereich aufweist.15. Connection device according to claim 9 and 14, characterized in that the connection terminal has the insulation displacement contact (18) in its upper region and the plug-in contact (11, 12; 17) in its lower region.
16. Anschlußvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse (2, 3) eine Öffnung (7) zum Lösen der Verbindung zwischen der elektrischen Anschlußleitung (19) und den Verbindungsmitteln (1 ) aufweist.16. Connection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (2, 3) has an opening (7) for releasing the connection between the electrical connecting line (19) and the connecting means (1).
17. Anschlußvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse (2, 3) eine Öffnung (8) zum Ein-fuhren der elektrischen Anschlußleitung (19) und zum Verbinden mit den Verbindungsmitteln (1) aufweist.17. Connection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (2, 3) has an opening (8) for inserting the electrical connecting line (19) and for connecting to the connecting means (1).
18. Anschlußvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch18. Connection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by
Halteιτmgsmittel (5) zum Befestigen der Anschlußvorrichtung an einem weiteren Gehäuse, insbesondere an einem Leuchtengehäuse.Holding means (5) for attaching the connection device to another housing, in particular to a lamp housing.
19. Verwendung einer elektrischen Anschlußvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche in einem elektronischen Betriebsgerät für mindestens eine Lampe zum Verbinden mindestens einer Anschlußleitung (19) mit dem elektronischen Betriebsgerät.19. Use of an electrical connection device according to one of the preceding claims in an electronic operating device for at least one lamp for connecting at least one connecting line (19) to the electronic operating device.
20. Elektrisches Verbindungselement (1) zum elektrischen Verbinden mindestens einer elektrischen Anschlußleitung (19) mit einer elektrischen Schaltrmgseinheit (4), wobei das20. Electrical connecting element (1) for electrically connecting at least one electrical connection line (19) to an electrical switching unit (4), the
Verbindungselement (1) einen Kontaktbereich (12, 13; 17, 18) zum Kontaktieren derConnecting element (1) a contact area (12, 13; 17, 18) for contacting the
Anschlußleitung (1) aufweist und in ein Gehäuse (2, 3) einer entsprechendenHas connecting line (1) and in a housing (2, 3) of a corresponding
Anschlußvorrichtung einsetzbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verbindungselement ( 1) aus einem Streifen aus elektrisch leitfähigem Material derart gebogen ist, daß das eine Ende (11) mit einem die beiden Enden ( 11, 10) desConnection device can be used, characterized in that the connecting element (1) is bent from a strip of electrically conductive material such that one end (11) with one of the two ends (11, 10) of the
Streifens verbindenden Übergangsbereich (12) den Kontaktbereich (12, 13; 17, 18) und das andere Ende (10) einen federnden Kontakthebel zum Kontaktieren der elektrischen Schaltungseinheit (4) bildet.Strip connecting transition area (12) the contact area (12, 13; 17, 18) and the other end (10) forms a resilient contact lever for contacting the electrical circuit unit (4).
21. Verbindungselement nach Anspruch 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das eine Ende (11) mit dem die beiden Enden (11, 10) des Streifens verbindenden Übergangsbereich (12) einen Steckklemmkontakt (12, 13; 17) zum Kontaktieren der elektrischen Anschlußleitung (19) bildet.21. Connecting element according to claim 20, characterized in that the one end (11) with the two ends (11, 10) of the strip connecting transition region (12) a plug-in contact (12, 13; 17) for contacting the electrical connection line (19th ) forms.
22. Verbindungselement nach Anspruch 20 oder 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verbindungselement ( 1 ) derart gebogen ist, daß es in der Nähe des anderen Endes (10) einen Stützabschnitt zum Abstützen des Verbindungselements (1) auf dem Boden des Gehäuses (2, 3) aufweist.22. Connecting element according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the connecting element (1) is bent such that in the vicinity of the other end (10) it has a supporting section for supporting the connecting element (1) on the bottom of the housing (2, 3).
23. Verbindungselement nach einem der Ansprüche 20 bis 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verbindungselement (1) einen Schneidklemmkontakt (18) zum Kontaktieren einer elektrischen Anschlußleitung (19) aufweist.23. Connecting element according to one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that the connecting element (1) has an insulation displacement contact (18) for contacting an electrical connecting line (19).
24. Verbindungselement nach Anspruch 23 und Anspruch 21 oder Anspruch 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verbindungselement (1 ) den Schneidklemmkontakt (18) im Bereich und den Steckklemmkontakt (11, 12; 17) im unteren Bereich aufweist.24. Connecting element according to claim 23 and claim 21 or claim 22, characterized in that the connecting element (1) has the insulation displacement contact (18) in the region and the plug-in terminal contact (11, 12; 17) in the lower region.
25. Verwendung eines Verbindungselements nach einem der Ansprüche 20 bis 24 in einer elektrischen Anschlußvorrichtung für ein elektronisches Betriebsgerät für mindestens eine Lampe zum Verbinden mindestens einer elektrischen Anschlußleitung (19) mit dem elektronischen Betriebsgerät. 25. Use of a connecting element according to one of claims 20 to 24 in an electrical connection device for an electronic operating device for at least one lamp for connecting at least one electrical connecting line (19) to the electronic operating device.
EP97916424A 1996-04-16 1997-04-02 Electrical connection and use thereof Expired - Lifetime EP0894345B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE19614988A DE19614988A1 (en) 1996-04-16 1996-04-16 Electrical connector and connector for use in an electrical connector
DE19614988 1996-04-16
PCT/EP1997/001648 WO1997039496A1 (en) 1996-04-16 1997-04-02 Electrical connector and electrical connecting component for use therein

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EP0894345A1 true EP0894345A1 (en) 1999-02-03
EP0894345B1 EP0894345B1 (en) 2000-07-26

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AT (1) ATE195039T1 (en)
AU (1) AU714246B2 (en)
DE (2) DE19614988A1 (en)
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ZA (1) ZA973149B (en)

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ATE195039T1 (en) 2000-08-15
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DE59702080D1 (en) 2000-08-31
ZA973149B (en) 1997-11-18
AU714246B2 (en) 1999-12-23
AU2507897A (en) 1997-11-07
WO1997039496A1 (en) 1997-10-23
DE19614988A1 (en) 1997-10-23

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