EP0862687A1 - Throttle valve body with a tapered channel on one side of its axis and a tapered flap on the opposite side thereof - Google Patents

Throttle valve body with a tapered channel on one side of its axis and a tapered flap on the opposite side thereof

Info

Publication number
EP0862687A1
EP0862687A1 EP96939142A EP96939142A EP0862687A1 EP 0862687 A1 EP0862687 A1 EP 0862687A1 EP 96939142 A EP96939142 A EP 96939142A EP 96939142 A EP96939142 A EP 96939142A EP 0862687 A1 EP0862687 A1 EP 0862687A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
butterfly
downstream
upstream
axis
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96939142A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0862687B1 (en
Inventor
Micha[L Pontoppidan
Pierre Semence
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Marelli France SAS
Original Assignee
Magneti Marelli France SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Magneti Marelli France SAS filed Critical Magneti Marelli France SAS
Publication of EP0862687A1 publication Critical patent/EP0862687A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0862687B1 publication Critical patent/EP0862687B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
    • F02D9/10—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having pivotally-mounted flaps
    • F02D9/1005—Details of the flap
    • F02D9/101—Special flap shapes, ribs, bores or the like
    • F02D9/1015—Details of the edge of the flap, e.g. for lowering flow noise or improving flow sealing in closed flap position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
    • F02D9/10—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having pivotally-mounted flaps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
    • F02D9/10—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having pivotally-mounted flaps
    • F02D9/1035—Details of the valve housing
    • F02D9/104—Shaping of the flow path in the vicinity of the flap, e.g. having inserts in the housing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the throttle body for fuel injection device for internal combustion engine, and more particularly to a throttle body comprising a housing, in which is formed an air intake duct, and comprising a disc-shaped butterfly substantially circular or slightly elliptical, mounted on a median axis of rotation, transverse to the duct, and movable between a minimum open position, possibly zero, and a maximum open position for which the plane of the butterfly is oriented substantially parallel to the axis of the intake duct, in order to regulate the air flow admitted into the engine and to which the quantity of fuel injected per engine cycle must be linked.
  • the most commonly used butterfly bodies include a butterfly in the shape of a thin circular disc of constant thickness, and a duct in the shape of a circular cylinder in the area where the butterfly pivots, the cross-section offered to air between the butterfly and the wall of the duct varying rapidly during the initial angular displacement of the butterfly from its minimum open position, especially when the latter is practically zero.
  • FR-A-2 674 573 much less advantageous than the conventional butterfly in the form of a simple disc, and / or a conduit whose wall has at least a portion of complex shape (FR-2 663 710 and FR-A-2 694 963), expensive to produce by machining and / or molding of metal parts or difficult to produce by molding synthetic materials due to the need to use multiple or removable cores .
  • FR-A-2 674 573 describes a throttle body as defined above, in which the side of the throttle which turns upstream, from the minimum open position, has, on its downstream face, a bulge of cross section (in a plane orthogonal to the axis of rotation) sufficiently small to allow rotation of the butterfly.
  • the side of the butterfly rotating downstream at the opening and the cross section of the duct downstream of the minimum open position of said side turning downstream have, in general, shapes cooperating to give the cross section of the passage of air between them a law of variation as a function of the angle of rotation whose initial slope is less than the maximum slope of the law of variation during opening.
  • the side of the throttle turning downstream is in the form of a thin half-disc and that the intake duct has, from the minimum opening position of the throttle, a section with a circular cross section. decreasing downstream, which makes a butterfly of complex shape cooperate with an intake duct with complex wall.
  • FR-2 663 710 describes a butterfly body as defined above, the inlet duct of which has, upstream as downstream of the axis of rotation, a portion, one half of which is semi-circular and of constant radius, and the other half of which has, at each level of length from the axis of the intake duct, an elliptical cross section, the complex surface with elliptical cross section situated upstream respectively downstream of the axis of rotation being on the side of the butterfly which pivots upstream respectively downstream, at the opening.
  • FR-A-2 694 963 describes a throttle body as defined above, and of the type in which the side of the throttle which turns upstream, respectively downstream, from the minimum open position a a form of semi-disc platjy and the intake duct has a wall which has, on the side in flat disc half-disc of the butterfly and upstream, respectively downstream, from the minimum opening position of the butterfly, a portion of surface evolving of complex shape cooperating with this side in a flat half-disc of the butterfly so that the passage section delimited between them increases at the start of the opening of the butterfly, as a function of the opening angle, less rapidly than in the case of a cylindrical duct.
  • the intake duct has a straight cylindrical section with a section corresponding to the shape of the butterfly in the minimum open position, extending upstream and downstream from this minimum opening position, and has, upstream and downstream of the cylindrical section and along the path followed by the upstream and downstream sections of the butterfly valve to a defined opening angle of the latter, respective delimited areas by circular arcs centered on the axis of the intake duct and radii decreasing from the cylindrical section, and thus forming two portions of evolving surface of complex shape, which can be symmetrical to each other by relative to the axis of rotation, and each cooperating with one respectively, in shape of a flat half-disc, of the two halves of the butterfly
  • the drawbacks of the butterfly bodies of the prior art presented above lie in their cost of production when they are made of metal and in the complexity of production of their mold and in the difficulties encountered in demolding, when these butterfly bodies are molded from a synthetic material, for example a thermoplastic material.
  • a synthetic material for example a thermoplastic material.
  • the molding of synthetic material of butterfly body according to FR-2,663,710 and FR-A-2,694,963 requires, due to the complex shapes of wall portions of the intake duct, the use of complex cores, comprising several parts, to be able to be released from the molded forms, but without being able to avoid the formation of plastic burrs at the joint planes of the core parts. It is therefore not possible to mold such butterfly bodies to their directly usable shape, without machining or deburring the finish.
  • the present invention aims to provide a butterfly body that better meets those previously known to the requirements of practice, in particular in that it allows the required opening progressiveness to be obtained while being able to be produced by molding in synthetic material without presenting the disadvantages mentioned above, that is to say being obtainable directly in the final usable form, without particular difficulty of demolding nor particular complexity of production of the mold.
  • the invention provides a butterfly body of the type defined above and known by FR-A-2 694 963, and which is characterized in that said evolving surface portion of complex shape, which cooperates with the side in flat disc half of the butterfly which rotates upstream, respectively downstream, at the opening, present, at each level along the axis of the intake duct and on half of the straight section of the duct on the same side of the axis of the duct that the flat semi-disc side of the butterfly, a section substantially in the form of a half ellipse, the half minor axis of which, perpendicular to the axis of rotation, gradually decreases up to a determined opening angle of the butterfly, while 'upstream, respectively downstream, of this portion of evolving surface and on the same half of the cross section of the duct, as well as on the other half of the cross section of the duct, on the side of the butterfly which turns downstream, respectively upstream, at the opening, and up to the level along the axis of the intake duct which corresponds to the
  • the butterfly valve in the minimum opening position of the butterfly valve, is arranged in a straight cylindrical central section of circular cross section of the intake duct, said central section being substantially symmetrical along the axis of the intake duct, in part and on the other side of the axis of rotation, so that the butterfly, preferably slightly elliptical in shape, can be applied by its edge against the wall of the duct in this cylindrical central section, for an inclination of the butterfly relative to a plane transverse to the axis of the duct which is approximately 5 th , and without risk of jamming of the butterfly.
  • the downstream diverging or respectively upstream converging sections of the intake duct are advantageously frustoconical from the downstream edge, respectively upstream of said cylindrical central section to the outlet, respectively the inlet of the intake duct, the half-angle at the top of the frustoconical shape which can be chosen to correspond to a favorable draft angle.
  • the clearance thus produced in the conduit facilitates the mounting of a locally thickened butterfly, for example in the center, for the passage or integration of an axis of rotation, or on an edge.
  • the shoulder on one face of the butterfly advantageously has a shape substantially of ellipsoidal cap of major axis substantially parallel to the axis of rotation but slightly offset downstream of the latter, and whose periphery is connected to the edge of the throttle side turning downstream, respectively upstream.
  • the butterfly can thus be made of synthetic material, for example thermoplastic, and include a flat disc on which said shoulder is molded or attached, for example fixed by ultrasonic welding, the shoulder can, for example, be formed by a cup delimiting a closed space, or be molded with the butterfly by delimiting an open space downstream in the conduit.
  • the housing with its intake duct can be molded in one piece to the final shape in a synthetic material, for example thermoplastic.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view in axial section, perpendicular to the axis of rotation, of an example with shoulder in a closed bucket on the upstream face of the half of the butterfly rotating downstream at the start of opening ,
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are views similar to FIG. 1 for two variants, respectively with shoulder in open bucket downstream and with full shoulder, and
  • Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 of a symmetrical variant with respect to the axis of rotation, the air flow always coming from the top of the figure.
  • the butterfly body 1 comprises a housing 2 made by molding in a synthetic material such as a thermoplastic material and obtained in its final form without further machining or deburring.
  • An intake duct 3, of longitudinal axis 4, is formed in the housing 2.
  • the axis of rotation 5 is pivotally mounted in a central section 7 of the conduit 3.
  • the wall of the conduit 3 is a straight cylindrical wall of circular section, which extends substantially symmetrically on either side from the axis of rotation 5, along the longitudinal axis 4 of the conduit 3.
  • the conduit 3 Downstream of the downstream edge 8 of the central section 7, the conduit 3 has a divergent downstream section 9, which is frustoconical from the downstream edge 8 to the outlet 10 of the conduit 3, at the bottom in FIG. 1.
  • the cross section of the conduit 3 is therefore circular with a radius increasing progressively, monotonously from 1 upstream to the downstream.
  • the wall of the conduit 3 is asymmetrical with respect to the diametral plane passing through the axis 4 of the conduit 3 and the center of the axis of rotation 5.
  • the wall of the conduit 3 is defined by a section of frustoconical surface 12, which is coaxial with the axis 4 like the divergent 9 downstream, but converging from the inlet 13 of the conduit 3, in the upper part in FIG. 1, to the upstream edge 11 of the cylindrical central section 7.
  • the wall of the duct 3 is delimited by a portion of evolutive surface 14, of complex shape, extending upstream of the upstream edge 11 of the central section 7 to a position opposite the edge of the butterfly 6 when the latter is inclined on the transverse plane, perpendicular to the axis 4 of the conduit 3 and passing through the center of the axis of rotation 5, at a particular angle, between approximately 30 ° and approximately 50 °, and upstream of this evolutive surface portion 14, the wall of the duct 3 is delimited by a section of converging surface 15, which converges from the inlet 13 of the duct 3.
  • the corresponding cross section half of the duct 3 has a substantially seri-elliptical shape, which progressively evolves from a semicircular shape at the upstream edge 11 of the central section 7 to a half -semi-elliptical straight section of smaller half-minor axis at the connection between the evolving surface portion 14 and the converging surface section 15.
  • the corresponding straight half-section of the conduit 3 has the form d 'a half-ellipse whose half-minor axis, perpendicular to the axis of rotation 5, gradually decreases, while its major axis remains constant and equal to the diameter of the cylindrical central section 7.
  • the butterfly 6 advantageously made of synthetic material such as a thermoplastic material, consists of a disc 16 which is substantially circular or slightly elliptical, of generally constant thickness, but which may include reinforcing ribs, passing through a diametrical slot of the axis of rotation 5, and the side of the throttle valve 6 which rotates downstream, at the opening of the throttle valve, that is to say, taking into account the direction of rotation of the throttle valve when opening ture indicated by an arrow in FIG. 1, the half of the butterfly to the right of the axis 5 in this FIG.
  • This shoulder 17 is constituted by a bucket projecting upstream of the conduit 3 and whose downstream periphery is connected to the downstream edge of the butterfly half-disc 6 which rotates downstream at the opening.
  • the wall of the bucket 17 which is opposite the wall of the duct 3 has substantially the shape of an ellipsoidal cap whose major axis is parallel to the axis of rotation 5, offset by a small distance downstream from this axis 5 , and slightly lower than the diameter of the central section 7, and the minor axis of which is chosen to give this wall of the shoulder 17 a delimiting profile, with the profile opposite the wall of the duct 3, a passage section for the air admitted to the engine which increases less quickly, in comparison with a butterfly in a flat disc rotating in a cylindrical duct than, when the butterfly 6 is opened from its minimum open position, in which the flat disc 16 and most of the shoulder 17 are housed in the central cylindrical section 7, in a position such that the flat disc 16 is inclined by a few degrees on the transverse plane perpendicular to the axis 4 passing through the center of the axis of rotation 5.
  • the half-disc carrying the shoulder 17 and rotating downstream at the opening is slightly inclined downstream, while, on the opposite side of the axis 5, the flat half-disc, without shoulder, turning upstream at the opening of the butterfly 6, is slightly inclined upstream.
  • the profile of the edge of the shoulder 17 is chosen to allow the rotation of the half-disc which carries it downstream, without contact of the shoulder 17 with the wall of the conduit 3.
  • the butterfly 6 is shown in an intermediate position between its minimum open position and its maximum open position, in which the flat disc 16 of the butterfly 6 is oriented substantially parallel to the axis 4 of the conduit 3.
  • FIG. 2 differs from the example of FIG. 1 only by the production of the shoulder, which is a bucket 17 'molded in one piece with the butterfly 6 'so as to delimit, in the half-butterfly pivoting downstream at the opening, an open space towards 1' downstream in the conduit 3 of the same shape as in FIG. 1, so that identical references are used to locate identical shaped parts.
  • the shoulder which is a bucket 17 'molded in one piece with the butterfly 6 'so as to delimit, in the half-butterfly pivoting downstream at the opening, an open space towards 1' downstream in the conduit 3 of the same shape as in FIG. 1, so that identical references are used to locate identical shaped parts.
  • FIG. 3 differs from FIGS. 1 and 2 only by the production of the shoulder 17 ", which is solid and molded and attached to the upstream face of the half-disc 16 pivoting downstream at the opening, or possibly molded in one piece with this half of disc 16 to form the butterfly 6 ".
  • the housing 2 and its conduit 3 are identical.
  • FIG. 4 is symmetrical to that of FIG. 3 with respect to the axis of rotation 5 but the air flow always circulates from top to bottom in the figure. Therefore, the shoulder 17a is on the downstream face of half of the disc 16a of the butterfly 6a which pivots upstream at the opening, while the other half of the disc 16a, which pivots downstream at the opening moves opposite the evolving surface 14a, downstream of the downstream edge 11a of the central circular and straight cylindrical section 7a of the conduit 3a.
  • the duct 3a Downstream of the downstream edge 11a and of the evolving surface 14a, the duct 3a has respectively a frustoconical diverging portion 12a and a diverging portion 15a, on the corresponding halves of the cross section, which extend to the outlet 13a of the duct 3a. Upstream of the upstream edge 8a of the central section 7a, the conduit 3a has a frustoconical convergent 9a from its inlet 10a in the housing 2a of the throttle body 1a.
  • This variant has the same advantages as the previous ones concerning the ease of molding and the progression of variation of the air flow. However, it may prove slightly unfavorable in terms of turbulence, under certain conditions of use.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)

Abstract

A throttle valve body (1) including a flap (6) of which the side pivoting down or up on opening has a shoulder (17) on the flap surface facing upwards or downwards, respectively, defining a gradually widening cross-sectional area with the cylindrical (7) or frusto-conical (9) wall opposite the intake channel (3) through the housing (2). The side of the flap (6) which rotates up or down, respectively, on opening consists of a flat half disk of which the edge is moved, at first, opposite a tapered surface portion (14) with a complex shape to define a gradually widening cross-sectional area downstream from an inlet convergent (15, 12) and upstream from an outlet divergent, respectively. Said throttle valve body may be used in an internal combustion engine injection device.

Description

CORPS PAPILLON A CONDUIT DE FORME EVOLUTIVE D'UN COTE DE SON AXE ET PAPILLON DE FORME EVOLUTIVE DU COTE COMPLEMENTAIREBUTTERFLY BODY HAVING AN EVOLUTIVE SHAPE ON ONE SIDE OF ITS AXIS AND BUTTERFLY WITH AN EVOLUTIVE SHAPE ON THE COMPLEMENTARY SIDE
L'invention concerne les corps papillon pour dispositif d'injection de combustible pour moteur à combus¬ tion interne, et a plus particulièrement pour objet un corps papillon comportant un boîtier, dans lequel est ménagé un conduit d'admission d'air, et comprenant un papillon en forme de disque sensiblement circulaire ou faiblement elliptique, monté sur un axe médian de rotation, transversal au conduit, et déplaçable entre une position d'ouverture minimum, éventuellement nulle, et une position d'ouverture maximum pour laquelle le plan du papillon est orienté sensiblement parallèlement a l'axe du conduit d'admission, afin de réguler le débit d'air admis dans le moteur et auquel la quantité de combustible injectée par cycle moteur doit être liée.The invention relates to the throttle body for fuel injection device for internal combustion engine, and more particularly to a throttle body comprising a housing, in which is formed an air intake duct, and comprising a disc-shaped butterfly substantially circular or slightly elliptical, mounted on a median axis of rotation, transverse to the duct, and movable between a minimum open position, possibly zero, and a maximum open position for which the plane of the butterfly is oriented substantially parallel to the axis of the intake duct, in order to regulate the air flow admitted into the engine and to which the quantity of fuel injected per engine cycle must be linked.
Les corps papillon les plus couramment utilisés comportent un papillon en forme de disque circulaire mince d'épaisseur constante, et un conduit en forme de cylindre circulaire dans la zone où pivote le papillon, la section de passage offerte à l'air entre le papillon et la paroi du conduit variant rapidement lors du déplacement angulaire initial du papillon à partir de sa position d'ouverture minimum, surtout lorsque cette dernière est pratiquement nulle.The most commonly used butterfly bodies include a butterfly in the shape of a thin circular disc of constant thickness, and a duct in the shape of a circular cylinder in the area where the butterfly pivots, the cross-section offered to air between the butterfly and the wall of the duct varying rapidly during the initial angular displacement of the butterfly from its minimum open position, especially when the latter is practically zero.
Or une commande satisfaisante, c'est-à-dire assurant un agrément de conduite, du moteur aux faibles chargesHowever, a satisfactory command, that is to say ensuring driving pleasure, from the engine to low loads
(c'est-à-dire pour les faibles ouvertures du papillon) exige que 1 ' augmentation initiale de la section de passage en fonction de la position du papillon soit très progressive.(i.e. for small throttle openings) requires that the initial increase in the cross section as a function of the throttle position be very gradual.
Pour obtenir la progressivité requise, on a déjà proposé des corps utilisant un papillon de forme complexeTo obtain the required progressiveness, bodies have already been proposed using a butterfly of complex shape
(FR-A-2 674 573), bien moins avantageux que le papillon classique en forme de simple disque, et/ou un conduit dont la paroi présente au moins une portion de forme complexe (FR-2 663 710 et FR-A-2 694 963), coûteux à réaliser par usinage et/ou moulage de pièces métalliques ou difficile à réaliser par moulage de matériaux synthétiques en raison de la nécessité d'utiliser des noyaux multiples ou démontables. FR-A-2 674 573 décrit un corps papillon tel que ci- dessus défini, dans lequel le côté du papillon qui tourne vers l'amont, à partir de la position d'ouverture minimum, présente, sur sa face aval, un renflement de section droite (dans un plan orthogonal à l'axe de rotation) suffisamment faible pour autoriser la rotation du papillon. Le côté du papillon tournant vers l'aval à l'ouverture et la section droite du conduit en aval de la position d'ouverture minimum dudit côté tournant vers l'aval ont, de manière générale, des formes coopérant pour donner à la section droite du passage d'air entre elles une loi de variation en fonction de l'angle de rotation dont la pente initiale est inférieure à la pente maximale de la loi de variation au cours de l'ouverture. Ceci est obtenu en faisant tourner, dans un conduit d'admission en forme de cylindre circulaire dans la zone de rotation du papillon, un papillon dont le côté qui tourne vers l'aval à l'ouverture porte, sur sa face amont, un renflement pouvant être symétrique, par rapport à l'axe de rotation, de celui sur la face aval du côté de papillon tournant vers l'amont, chaque renflement étant une masse- lotte rapportée sur le papillon ou un épaulement d'une seule pièce avec ce dernier, la tranche du renflement ayant un profil choisi pour ralentir l'augmentation de section de passage lors de l'ouverture initiale du papillon.(FR-A-2 674 573), much less advantageous than the conventional butterfly in the form of a simple disc, and / or a conduit whose wall has at least a portion of complex shape (FR-2 663 710 and FR-A-2 694 963), expensive to produce by machining and / or molding of metal parts or difficult to produce by molding synthetic materials due to the need to use multiple or removable cores . FR-A-2 674 573 describes a throttle body as defined above, in which the side of the throttle which turns upstream, from the minimum open position, has, on its downstream face, a bulge of cross section (in a plane orthogonal to the axis of rotation) sufficiently small to allow rotation of the butterfly. The side of the butterfly rotating downstream at the opening and the cross section of the duct downstream of the minimum open position of said side turning downstream have, in general, shapes cooperating to give the cross section of the passage of air between them a law of variation as a function of the angle of rotation whose initial slope is less than the maximum slope of the law of variation during opening. This is obtained by rotating, in an intake duct in the form of a circular cylinder in the butterfly rotation zone, a butterfly whose side which turns downstream at the opening carries, on its upstream face, a bulge being able to be symmetrical, with respect to the axis of rotation, of that on the downstream face of the butterfly side turning upstream, each bulge being a monkfish attached to the butterfly or a shoulder in one piece with this last, the portion of the bulge having a profile chosen to slow the increase in cross-section during the initial opening of the butterfly.
Mais il est aussi possible que le côté du papillon tournant vers l'aval soit en forme de demi-disque mince et que le conduit d'admission présente, à partir de la position d'ouverture minimum du papillon, un tronçon à section droite circulaire décroissant vers l'aval, ce qui fait coopérer un papillon de forme complexe avec un conduit d'admission à paroi de forme complexe.But it is also possible that the side of the throttle turning downstream is in the form of a thin half-disc and that the intake duct has, from the minimum opening position of the throttle, a section with a circular cross section. decreasing downstream, which makes a butterfly of complex shape cooperate with an intake duct with complex wall.
FR-2 663 710 décrit un corps papillon tel que défini ci-dessus, dont le conduit d'admission présente, en amont comme en aval de l'axe de rotation, une portion dont une moitié est semi circulaire et de rayon constant, et dont l'autre moitié présente, à chaque niveau de long de l'axe du conduit d'admission, une section droite en forme d'ellipse, la surface complexe à section droite elliptique située en amont respectivement en aval de l'axe de rotation étant du côté du papillon qui pivote vers l'amont respectivement vers 1 'aval, à 1 'ouverture. FR-A-2 694 963 décrit un corps papillon tel que ci- dessus défini, et du type dans lequel le côté du papillon qui tourne vers l'amont, respectivement vers l'aval, à partir de la position d'ouverture minimum a une forme de demi-disque platjy et le conduit d'admission a une paroi qui présente, du côté en demi-disque plat du papillon et en amont, respectivement en aval, de la position d'ouverture minimum du papillon, une portion de surface évolutive de forme complexe coopérant avec ce côté en demi-disque plat du papillon de façon que la section de passage délimitée entre eux augmente au début de l'ouverture du papillon, en fonction de l'angle d'ouverture, moins rapidement que dans le cas d'un conduit cylindrique.FR-2 663 710 describes a butterfly body as defined above, the inlet duct of which has, upstream as downstream of the axis of rotation, a portion, one half of which is semi-circular and of constant radius, and the other half of which has, at each level of length from the axis of the intake duct, an elliptical cross section, the complex surface with elliptical cross section situated upstream respectively downstream of the axis of rotation being on the side of the butterfly which pivots upstream respectively downstream, at the opening. FR-A-2 694 963 describes a throttle body as defined above, and of the type in which the side of the throttle which turns upstream, respectively downstream, from the minimum open position a a form of semi-disc platjy and the intake duct has a wall which has, on the side in flat disc half-disc of the butterfly and upstream, respectively downstream, from the minimum opening position of the butterfly, a portion of surface evolving of complex shape cooperating with this side in a flat half-disc of the butterfly so that the passage section delimited between them increases at the start of the opening of the butterfly, as a function of the opening angle, less rapidly than in the case of a cylindrical duct.
Selon FR-A-2 694 963, ceci est obtenu par le fait que le conduit d'admission présente un tronçon cylindrique droit de section correspondant à la forme du papillon dans la position d'ouverture minimale, s'étendant en amont et en aval de cette position d'ouverture minimale, et présente, en amont et en aval du tronçon cylindrique et le long du trajet suivi par les tranches amont et aval du papillon jusqu'à un angle d'ouverture déterminé de ce dernier, des zones respectives délimitées par des arcs-de-cercle centrés sur l'axe du conduit d'admission et de rayons décroissant à partir du tronçon cylindrique, et formant ainsi deux portions de surface évolutive de forme complexe, pouvant être symétriques l'une de l'autre par rapport à l'axe de rotation, et coopérant chacune avec l'une respectivement, en forme de demi-disque plat, des deux moitiés du papillon.According to FR-A-2 694 963, this is obtained by the fact that the intake duct has a straight cylindrical section with a section corresponding to the shape of the butterfly in the minimum open position, extending upstream and downstream from this minimum opening position, and has, upstream and downstream of the cylindrical section and along the path followed by the upstream and downstream sections of the butterfly valve to a defined opening angle of the latter, respective delimited areas by circular arcs centered on the axis of the intake duct and radii decreasing from the cylindrical section, and thus forming two portions of evolving surface of complex shape, which can be symmetrical to each other by relative to the axis of rotation, and each cooperating with one respectively, in shape of a flat half-disc, of the two halves of the butterfly
Les inconvénients des corps papillon de l'état de la technique présenté ci-dessus résident dans leur coût de réalisation lorsqu'ils sont métalliques et dans la com- plexité de réalisation de leur moule et dans les difficultés rencontrées au démoulage, lorsque ces corps papillon sont moulés en une matière de synthèse, par exemple une matière thermoplastique. En particulier, le moulage en matériau synthétique de corps papillon selon FR-2 663 710 et FR-A-2 694 963 impose, à raison des formes complexes de portions de paroi du conduit d'admission, l'utilisation de noyaux complexes, comprenant plusieurs pièces, pour pouvoir être dégagés des formes moulées, mais sans pouvoir éviter la formation de bavures de matière plastique au niveau des plans de joint des partie du noyau. Il n'est donc pas possible de mouler de tels corps papillon à leur forme directement utilisable, sans usinage ou ébavurage de finition.The drawbacks of the butterfly bodies of the prior art presented above lie in their cost of production when they are made of metal and in the complexity of production of their mold and in the difficulties encountered in demolding, when these butterfly bodies are molded from a synthetic material, for example a thermoplastic material. In particular, the molding of synthetic material of butterfly body according to FR-2,663,710 and FR-A-2,694,963 requires, due to the complex shapes of wall portions of the intake duct, the use of complex cores, comprising several parts, to be able to be released from the molded forms, but without being able to avoid the formation of plastic burrs at the joint planes of the core parts. It is therefore not possible to mold such butterfly bodies to their directly usable shape, without machining or deburring the finish.
La présente invention vise à fournir un corps papillon répondant mieux que ceux antérieurement connus aux exigences de la pratique, notamment en ce qu'il permet d'obtenir la progressivité d'ouverture requise tout en pouvant être réalisé par moulage en matériau synthétique sans présenter les inconvénients mentionnés ci-dessus, c'est-à-dire en pouvant être obtenu directement à la forme définitive utilisable, sans difficulté particulière de démoulage ni complexité particulière de réalisation du moule.The present invention aims to provide a butterfly body that better meets those previously known to the requirements of practice, in particular in that it allows the required opening progressiveness to be obtained while being able to be produced by molding in synthetic material without presenting the disadvantages mentioned above, that is to say being obtainable directly in the final usable form, without particular difficulty of demolding nor particular complexity of production of the mold.
Dans ce but, l'invention propose un corps papillon du type ci-dessus défini et connu par FR-A-2 694 963, et qui se caractérise en ce que ladite portion de surface évolutive de forme complexe, qui coopère avec le côté en demi-disque plat du papillon qui tourne vers l'amont, respectivement vers l'aval, à l'ouverture, présente, à chaque niveau le long de l'axe du conduit d'admission et sur la moitié de la section droite du conduit du même côté de 1 ' axe du conduit que le côté en demi-disque plat du papillon, une section sensiblement en forme de demi ellipse, dont le demi petit axe, perpendiculairement à l'axe de rotation, diminue progressivement jusqu'à un angle d'ouverture déterminé du papillon, tandis qu'en amont, respectivement en aval, de cette portion de surface évolutive et sur la même moitié de section droite du conduit, ainsi que sur l'autre moitié de la section droite du conduit, du côté du papillon qui tourne vers l'aval, respectivement vers l'amont, à l'ouverture, et jusqu'au niveau le long de l'axe du conduit d'admission qui correspond au bord aval, respectivement amont, de ladite portion de surface évolutive, la paroi du conduit est convergente, respectivement divergente, le côté du papillon qui tourne vers l^'aval, respectivement vers l'amont, à l 'ou- verture présentant, sur sa face amont, respectivement aval, un épaulement dont la tranche a un profil choisi pour ralentir 1 'augmentation de section de passage lors de l'ouverture initiale du papillon, par rapport à un côté en demi disque plat du papillon tournant vers l'aval, respecti- vement vers l'amont, dans un conduit cylindrique, le conduit d'admission présentant, en aval, respectivement en amont, de la position d'ouverture minimum du papillon, un tronçon aval divergent jusqu'à la sortie, respectivement amont convergent depuis l'entrée, du conduit. En combinant une forme évolutive du conduit d'admis¬ sion, limitée dans une partie située en amont ou en aval respectivement de l'axe de rotation du papillon, et du côté du papillon qui tourne vers l'amont ou l'aval respectivement à l'ouverture, avec un papillon dont le côté qui tourne vers l'aval ou l'amont respectivement présente un épaulement, on peut conserver les avantages des réalisations à ouverture progressive de l'état de la technique tout en ayant un conduit d'admission dont le tronçon, en aval ou amont respectivement de la position d'ouverture minimum du papillon, est divergeant jusqu'à la sortie du conduit, ou respectivement convergent depuis son entrée, ce qui rend le boîtier du corps papillon facilement démoulable, en particu¬ lier lorsque ce tronçon divergent, ou convergent respective¬ ment, est de section droite circulaire de diamètre variant de façon monotone de l'amont vers l'aval. Avantageusement, dans la position d'ouverture minimum du papillon, ce dernier est disposé dans un tronçon central cylindrique droit de section circulaire du conduit d'admission, ledit tronçon central étant sensiblement symétrique selon l'axe du conduit d'admission, de part et d'autre de l'axe de rotation, de sorte que le papillon, de préférence de forme légèrement elliptique, peut s'appliquer par sa tranche contre la paroi du conduit dans ce tronçon central cylindrique, pour une inclinaison du papillon par rapport à un plan transversal à 1 'axe du conduit qui est d'environ 5e, et sans risque de coincement du papillon.To this end, the invention provides a butterfly body of the type defined above and known by FR-A-2 694 963, and which is characterized in that said evolving surface portion of complex shape, which cooperates with the side in flat disc half of the butterfly which rotates upstream, respectively downstream, at the opening, present, at each level along the axis of the intake duct and on half of the straight section of the duct on the same side of the axis of the duct that the flat semi-disc side of the butterfly, a section substantially in the form of a half ellipse, the half minor axis of which, perpendicular to the axis of rotation, gradually decreases up to a determined opening angle of the butterfly, while 'upstream, respectively downstream, of this portion of evolving surface and on the same half of the cross section of the duct, as well as on the other half of the cross section of the duct, on the side of the butterfly which turns downstream, respectively upstream, at the opening, and up to the level along the axis of the intake duct which corresponds to the downstream edge, respectively upstream, of said evolving surface portion, the wall of the duct is convergent, divergent respectively, the side of the butterfly which rotates toward ^ downstream, respectively upstream, in or- Verture having on its upstream face, respectively downstream, a shoulder the edge of which has a profile selected to slow 1 ' passage section increase during the initial opening of the throttle valve, with respect to a half flat disc side of the throttle valve rotating downstream, respectively upstream, in a cylindrical duct, the intake duct having, downstream, respectively upstream, from the minimum opening position of the throttle valve, a downstream section diverges up to the outlet, respectively upstream converges from the inlet, of the duct. By combining an evolving form of the intake duct, limited in a part situated upstream or downstream respectively of the axis of rotation of the butterfly, and on the side of the butterfly which turns upstream or downstream respectively. the opening, with a butterfly whose side which turns downstream or upstream respectively has a shoulder, one can keep the advantages of the achievements with progressive opening of the state of the art while having an intake duct the section of which, downstream or upstream respectively from the minimum opening position of the throttle valve, diverges up to the outlet of the duct, or converges respectively from its inlet, which makes the easily removable molded butterfly body housing, in particular when this diverging or converging section respectively, is of circular cross section with diameter varying monotonously from upstream to downstream. Advantageously, in the minimum opening position of the butterfly valve, the latter is arranged in a straight cylindrical central section of circular cross section of the intake duct, said central section being substantially symmetrical along the axis of the intake duct, in part and on the other side of the axis of rotation, so that the butterfly, preferably slightly elliptical in shape, can be applied by its edge against the wall of the duct in this cylindrical central section, for an inclination of the butterfly relative to a plane transverse to the axis of the duct which is approximately 5 th , and without risk of jamming of the butterfly.
Pour faciliter le démoulage du boîtier, les tronçons aval divergeant ou respectivement amont convergeant du conduit d'admission sont avantageusement tronconiques du bord aval, respectivement amont dudit tronçon central cylindrique jusqu'à la sortie, respectivement l'entrée du conduit d'admission, le demi-angle au sommet de la forme tronconique pouvant être choisi pour correspondre à un angle de dépouille favorable. Le dégagement ainsi réalisé dans le conduit facilite le montage d'un papillon localement épaissi, par exemple au centre, pour le passage ou l'inté¬ gration d'un axe de rotation, ou sur un bord.To facilitate demoulding of the housing, the downstream diverging or respectively upstream converging sections of the intake duct are advantageously frustoconical from the downstream edge, respectively upstream of said cylindrical central section to the outlet, respectively the inlet of the intake duct, the half-angle at the top of the frustoconical shape which can be chosen to correspond to a favorable draft angle. The clearance thus produced in the conduit facilitates the mounting of a locally thickened butterfly, for example in the center, for the passage or integration of an axis of rotation, or on an edge.
Pour la même raison, ainsi que pour permettre l'introduction et la mise en place du papillon dans le conduit d'admission, parallèlement au plan défini par l'axe du conduit et l'axe de rotation, sur des chaînes d'assem¬ blage automatiques, le tronçon convergent, respectivement divergent, de la moitié de la paroi du conduit d'admission en amont, respectivement en aval, de la position d'ouverture minimum du papillon et du même côté de l'axe de rotation que le côté du papillon qui tourne vers l'aval, respectivement vers l'amont, à l'ouverture est avantageusement une portion de surface tronconique convergeant de l'entrée, respective¬ ment de la sortie, du conduit jusqu'au bord amont, respecti¬ vement aval, du tronçon central cylindrique, de sorte que le diamètre du conduit d'admission, dans le plan d'introduction du papillon défini ci-dessus, reste toujours supérieur au diamètre du papillon.For the same reason, as well as to allow the introduction and the establishment of the butterfly in the intake duct, parallel to the plane defined by the axis of the duct and the axis of rotation, on assembly chains. automatic wiring, the converging section, respectively divergent, of half of the wall of the intake duct upstream, respectively downstream, of the minimum opening position of the throttle valve and on the same side of the axis of rotation as the side of the butterfly which rotates downstream, respectively upstream, at the opening is advantageously a portion of frustoconical surface converging from the inlet, respectively from the outlet, from the duct to the upstream edge, respecti¬ vely downstream, of the cylindrical central section, so that the diameter of the intake duct, in the plane of introduction of the butterfly defined above, always remains greater than the diameter of the butterfly.
Dans une forme simple de réalisation, l'épaulement sur une face du papillon présente avantageusement une forme sensiblement de calotte ellipsoïdale de grand axe sensible- ment parallèle à l'axe de rotation mais légèrement décalé vers l'aval de ce dernier, et dont la périphérie se raccorde à la tranche du côté de papillon tournant vers l'aval, respectivement vers l'amont. Le papillon peut ainsi être réalisé en matière de synthèse, par exemple thermoplastique, et comporter un disque plat sur lequel ledit épaulement est moulé ou rapporté, par exemple fixé par soudure aux ultra¬ sons, l'épaulement pouvant, par exemple, être formé par un godet délimitant un espace fermé, ou être moulé avec le papillon en délimitant un espace ouvert vers l'aval dans le conduit.In a simple embodiment, the shoulder on one face of the butterfly advantageously has a shape substantially of ellipsoidal cap of major axis substantially parallel to the axis of rotation but slightly offset downstream of the latter, and whose periphery is connected to the edge of the throttle side turning downstream, respectively upstream. The butterfly can thus be made of synthetic material, for example thermoplastic, and include a flat disc on which said shoulder is molded or attached, for example fixed by ultrasonic welding, the shoulder can, for example, be formed by a cup delimiting a closed space, or be molded with the butterfly by delimiting an open space downstream in the conduit.
De même, le boîtier avec son conduit d'admission peut être moulé d'une seule pièce à la forme définitive en une matière de synthèse, par exemple thermoplastique.Similarly, the housing with its intake duct can be molded in one piece to the final shape in a synthetic material, for example thermoplastic.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit de modes particuliers de réalisation, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of particular embodiments, given by way of nonlimiting examples with reference to the appended drawings in which:
- la figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe axiale, perpendiculairement à l'axe de rotation, d'un exemple avec épaulement en godet fermé sur la face amont de la moitié du papillon tournant vers l'aval en début d'ouver¬ ture,- Figure 1 is a schematic view in axial section, perpendicular to the axis of rotation, of an example with shoulder in a closed bucket on the upstream face of the half of the butterfly rotating downstream at the start of opening ,
- les figures 2 et 3 sont des vues analogues à la figure 1 pour deux variantes, respectivement à épaulement en godet ouvert vers l'aval et à épaulement plein, etFIGS. 2 and 3 are views similar to FIG. 1 for two variants, respectively with shoulder in open bucket downstream and with full shoulder, and
- la figure 4 est une vue analogue à la figure 3 d'une variante symétrique par rapport à l'axe de rotation, le flux d'air venant toujours du haut de la figure.- Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 of a symmetrical variant with respect to the axis of rotation, the air flow always coming from the top of the figure.
Sur la figure 1, le corps papillon 1 comporte un boîtier 2 fabriqué par moulage en un matériau de synthèse tel qu'un matériau thermoplastique et obtenu à sa forme définitive sans usinage ni ébavurage complémentaire. Un conduit d'admission 3, d'axe longitudinal 4, est ménagé dans le boîtier 2.In FIG. 1, the butterfly body 1 comprises a housing 2 made by molding in a synthetic material such as a thermoplastic material and obtained in its final form without further machining or deburring. An intake duct 3, of longitudinal axis 4, is formed in the housing 2.
Dans le boîtier 2, un axe 5 perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal 4 du conduit 3 et coupant cet axe 4, est monté tourillonnant, et constitue l'axe de rotation médian et transversal au conduit 3 pour un papillon 6.In the housing 2, an axis 5 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 4 of the conduit 3 and intersecting this axis 4, is mounted in a swivel, and constitutes the axis of median rotation transverse to the conduit 3 for a throttle valve 6.
L'axe de rotation 5 est monté tourillonnant dans un tronçon central 7 du conduit 3. Dans ce tronçon central 7, la paroi du conduit 3 est une paroi cylindrique droite de section circulaire, qui s'étend sensiblement symétriquement de part et d'autre de l'axe de rotation 5, selon l'axe longitudinal 4 du conduit 3. En aval du bord aval 8 du tronçon central 7, le conduit 3 présente un tronçon aval divergent 9, qui est tronconique du bord aval 8 jusqu'à la sortie 10 du conduit 3, en bas sur la figure 1. Dans ce tronçon aval divergent 9, la section droite du conduit 3 est donc circulaire avec un rayon croissant progressivement, de façon monotone de 1 'amont vers l'aval. En amont du bord amont 11 du tronçon central 7, la paroi du conduit 3 est dissymétrique par rapport au plan diamétral passant par l'axe 4 du conduit 3 et le centre de l'axe de rotation 5. Sur une moitié, située à droite de l'axe de rotation 5 sur la figure 1, de la section droite du conduit 3, la paroi du conduit 3 est définie par un tronçon de surface tronconique 12, qui est coaxiale à l'axe 4 comme le divergent 9 en aval, mais convergeant de l'entrée 13 du conduit 3, en partie haute sur la figure 1, jusqu'au bord amont 11 du tronçon central cylindrique 7. Dans l'autre moitié de la section droite du conduitThe axis of rotation 5 is pivotally mounted in a central section 7 of the conduit 3. In this central section 7, the wall of the conduit 3 is a straight cylindrical wall of circular section, which extends substantially symmetrically on either side from the axis of rotation 5, along the longitudinal axis 4 of the conduit 3. Downstream of the downstream edge 8 of the central section 7, the conduit 3 has a divergent downstream section 9, which is frustoconical from the downstream edge 8 to the outlet 10 of the conduit 3, at the bottom in FIG. 1. In this divergent downstream section 9, the cross section of the conduit 3 is therefore circular with a radius increasing progressively, monotonously from 1 upstream to the downstream. Upstream of the upstream edge 11 of the central section 7, the wall of the conduit 3 is asymmetrical with respect to the diametral plane passing through the axis 4 of the conduit 3 and the center of the axis of rotation 5. On one half, located to the right of the axis of rotation 5 in FIG. 1, of the cross section of the conduit 3, the wall of the conduit 3 is defined by a section of frustoconical surface 12, which is coaxial with the axis 4 like the divergent 9 downstream, but converging from the inlet 13 of the conduit 3, in the upper part in FIG. 1, to the upstream edge 11 of the cylindrical central section 7. In the other half of the cross section of the conduit
3, à gauche, sur la figure 1, de l'axe 4 et de l'axe de rotation 5, la paroi du conduit 3 est délimitée par une portion de surface évolutive 14, de forme complexe, s'éten¬ dant en amont du bord amont 11 du tronçon central 7 jusqu'à une position en regard de la tranche du papillon 6 lorsque ce dernier est incliné sur le plan transversal, perpendicu¬ laire à l'axe 4 du conduit 3 et passant par le centre de l'axe de rotation 5, d'un angle particulier, compris entre environ 30° et environ 50°, et en amont de cette portion de surface évolutive 14, la paroi du conduit 3 est délimitée par un tronçon de surface convergente 15, qui converge depuis l'entrée 13 du conduit 3.3, on the left, in FIG. 1, of axis 4 and the axis of rotation 5, the wall of the duct 3 is delimited by a portion of evolutive surface 14, of complex shape, extending upstream of the upstream edge 11 of the central section 7 to a position opposite the edge of the butterfly 6 when the latter is inclined on the transverse plane, perpendicular to the axis 4 of the conduit 3 and passing through the center of the axis of rotation 5, at a particular angle, between approximately 30 ° and approximately 50 °, and upstream of this evolutive surface portion 14, the wall of the duct 3 is delimited by a section of converging surface 15, which converges from the inlet 13 of the duct 3.
Dans la portion de surface évolutive 14, la moitié de section droite correspondante du conduit 3 a une forme sensiblement serfïi-elliptique, qui évolue progressivement d'une forme semi-circulaire au niveau du bord amont 11 du tronçon central 7 jusqu'à une demi-section droite semi- elliptique de plus petit demi-petit axe au niveau du raccordement entre la portion de surface évolutive 14 et le tronçon de surface convergente 15. En d'autres termes, à chaque niveau de long de l'axe 4 du conduit 3, vers l'amont du bord amont 11 du tronçon central 7, et jusqu'au niveau du raccordement de la portion de surface évolutive 14 avec le tronçon de surface convergente 15, la demi-section droite correspondante du conduit 3 a la forme d'une demi-ellipse dont le demi-petit axe, perpendiculairement à l'axe de rotation 5, diminue progressivement, tandis que son grand axe reste constant et égal au diamètre du tronçon central cylindrique 7.In the evolutive surface portion 14, the corresponding cross section half of the duct 3 has a substantially seri-elliptical shape, which progressively evolves from a semicircular shape at the upstream edge 11 of the central section 7 to a half -semi-elliptical straight section of smaller half-minor axis at the connection between the evolving surface portion 14 and the converging surface section 15. In other words, at each level along the axis 4 of the conduit 3, upstream from the upstream edge 11 of the central section 7, and up to the level of the connection of the evolving surface portion 14 with the converging surface section 15, the corresponding straight half-section of the conduit 3 has the form d 'a half-ellipse whose half-minor axis, perpendicular to the axis of rotation 5, gradually decreases, while its major axis remains constant and equal to the diameter of the cylindrical central section 7.
Le papillon 6, avantageusement en matériau de synthèse tel qu'un matériau thermoplastique, est constitué d'un disque 16 sensiblement circulaire ou faiblement elliptique, d'épaisseur généralement constante, mais pouvant comporter des nervures de renfort, traversant une fente diamétrale de l'axe de rotation 5, et le côté du papillon 6 qui tourne vers l'aval, à l'ouverture du papillon, c'est-à- dire, compte tenu du sens de rotation du papillon à l'ouver- ture indiqué par une flèche sur la figure 1, la moitié du papillon à droite de l'axe 5 sur cette figure 1, est un demi-disque plat présentant, sur sa face amont, un épaule¬ ment 17 moulé de préférence dans le même matériau synthéti- que que le disque plat 16, et rapporté et fixé, par soudure aux ultrasons par exemple sur le demi-disque qui tourne vers l'aval à l'ouverture du papillon 6 de manière à délimiter un espace fermé. Cet épaulement 17 est constitué par un godet en saillie vers l'amont du conduit 3 et dont la périphérie aval se raccorde à la tranche aval du demi-disque du papillon 6 qui tourne vers l'aval à l'ouverture. La paroi du godet 17 qui est en regard de la paroi du conduit 3 a sensiblement la forme d'une calotte ellipsoïdale dont le grand axe est parallèle à l'axe de rotation 5, décalé d'une faible distance en aval de cet axe 5, et légèrement infé¬ rieur au diamètre du tronçon central 7, et dont le petit axe est choisi pour donner à cette paroi de l'épaulement 17 un profil délimitant, avec le profil en regard de la paroi du conduit 3, une section de passage pour l'air admis vers le moteur qui augmente moins vite, par comparaison avec un papillon en disque plat tournant dans un conduit cylindri¬ que, lors de l'ouverture du papillon 6 à partir de sa position d'ouverture minimale, dans laquelle le disque plat 16 et l'essentiel de l'épaulement 17 sont logés dans le tronçon central cylindrique 7, dans une position telle que le disque plat 16 est incliné de quelques degrés sur le plan transversal perpendiculaire à l'axe 4 passant par le centre de l'axe de rotation 5. De la sorte, le demi-disque portant l'épaulement 17 et tournant vers l'aval à l'ouverture est faiblement incliné vers l'aval, tandis que, du côté opposé de l'axe 5, le demi-disque plat, sans épaulement, tournant vers l'amont à l'ouverture du papillon 6, est légèrement incliné vers l'amont. Le profil de la tranche de l'épaule¬ ment 17 est choisi pour autoriser la rotation du demi-disque qui le porte vers l'aval, sans contact de l'épaulement 17 avec la paroi du conduit 3. Sur la coupe axiale de la figure 1, le papillon 6 est représenté dans une position intermédiaire entre sa position d'ouverture minimale et sa position d'ouverture maximum, dans laquelle le disque plat 16 du papillon 6 est orienté sensiblement parallèlement à l'axe 4 du conduit 3. Dans cette position intermédiaire, pour laquelle l'angle d'ouverture du papillon 6 est inférieur à l'angle maximum donné d'inclinaison pour la définition de la surface évolutive 14, le côté en demi-disque plat du papillon 6 qui tourne vers l'amont à l'ouverture du papillon coopère, par sa tranche amont, avec cette surface évolutive 14 pour définir, entre elle et la tranche amont du papillon 6, une section de passage de l'air (circulant de haut en bas sur les figures) qui'augmente en fonction de l'angle d'ouverture moins rapidement que dans le cas d'un papillon en disque plat tournant dans un conduit cylindrique, tant que le papillon 6 est dans la phase initiale d'ouverture, dans laquelle sa tranche amont est déplacée en regard de la surface évolutive 14. On comprend que par le choix du profil de l'épaule¬ ment 17, d'une part, et le choix du profil de la surface évolutive 14 en regard du demi-disque plat amont du papillon 6, on peut obtenir pratiquement toute loi désirée de variation du débit d'air en fonction de 1 ' angle d'ouverture du papillon 6, dans un corps papillon 1 dont le boîtier 2 présente un conduit d'admission 3 ayant une forme qui le rend facilement démoulable. Ces avantages sont obtenus, dans l'exemple de la figure 1, par la combinaison d'un papillon, dont le bord tournant vers l'aval est épaulé, avec un conduit dont la paroi présente une portion de surface évolutive de forme complexe limitée à une partie de surface située en amont de l'axe de rotation du papillon, en regard du bord du papillon tournant vers l'amont.The butterfly 6, advantageously made of synthetic material such as a thermoplastic material, consists of a disc 16 which is substantially circular or slightly elliptical, of generally constant thickness, but which may include reinforcing ribs, passing through a diametrical slot of the axis of rotation 5, and the side of the throttle valve 6 which rotates downstream, at the opening of the throttle valve, that is to say, taking into account the direction of rotation of the throttle valve when opening ture indicated by an arrow in FIG. 1, the half of the butterfly to the right of the axis 5 in this FIG. 1, is a flat half-disc having, on its upstream face, a shoulder 17 molded preferably in the same synthetic material as the flat disc 16, and attached and fixed, by ultrasonic welding for example on the half-disc which rotates downstream at the opening of the butterfly 6 so as to delimit a closed space. This shoulder 17 is constituted by a bucket projecting upstream of the conduit 3 and whose downstream periphery is connected to the downstream edge of the butterfly half-disc 6 which rotates downstream at the opening. The wall of the bucket 17 which is opposite the wall of the duct 3 has substantially the shape of an ellipsoidal cap whose major axis is parallel to the axis of rotation 5, offset by a small distance downstream from this axis 5 , and slightly lower than the diameter of the central section 7, and the minor axis of which is chosen to give this wall of the shoulder 17 a delimiting profile, with the profile opposite the wall of the duct 3, a passage section for the air admitted to the engine which increases less quickly, in comparison with a butterfly in a flat disc rotating in a cylindrical duct than, when the butterfly 6 is opened from its minimum open position, in which the flat disc 16 and most of the shoulder 17 are housed in the central cylindrical section 7, in a position such that the flat disc 16 is inclined by a few degrees on the transverse plane perpendicular to the axis 4 passing through the center of the axis of rotation 5. Of the lot e, the half-disc carrying the shoulder 17 and rotating downstream at the opening is slightly inclined downstream, while, on the opposite side of the axis 5, the flat half-disc, without shoulder, turning upstream at the opening of the butterfly 6, is slightly inclined upstream. The profile of the edge of the shoulder 17 is chosen to allow the rotation of the half-disc which carries it downstream, without contact of the shoulder 17 with the wall of the conduit 3. In the axial section of Figure 1, the butterfly 6 is shown in an intermediate position between its minimum open position and its maximum open position, in which the flat disc 16 of the butterfly 6 is oriented substantially parallel to the axis 4 of the conduit 3. In this intermediate position, for which the opening angle of the butterfly 6 is less than the maximum given angle of inclination for the definition of the evolutive surface 14, the flat semi-disc side of the butterfly 6 which turns upstream at the opening of the butterfly cooperates, by its upstream edge, with this evolving surface 14 to define, between it and the upstream edge of the butterfly 6, an air passage section (circulating from above below in the figures) which increases as a function of the opening angle less rapidly than in the case of a flat disc butterfly rotating in a cylindrical duct, as long as the butterfly 6 is in the initial opening phase , in which its t upstream ranch is moved opposite the progressive surface 14. It is understood that by the choice of the profile of the shoulder 17, on the one hand, and the choice of the profile of the progressive surface 14 opposite the flat half-disc upstream of the throttle valve 6, practically any desired law of variation of the air flow can be obtained as a function of the opening angle of the throttle valve 6, in a throttle body 1, the housing 2 of which has an intake duct 3 having a shape that makes it easily demouldable. These advantages are obtained, in the example of FIG. 1, by the combination of a butterfly, whose edge turning downstream is shouldered, with a duct whose wall has a portion of evolving surface of complex shape limited to a portion of the surface located upstream of the axis of rotation of the butterfly, facing the edge of the butterfly rotating upstream.
La variante de la figure 2 ne se distingue de l'exemple de la figure 1 que par la réalisation de l'épaule¬ ment, qui est un godet 17' moulé d'une seule pièce avec le papillon 6' de façon à délimiter, dans le demi-papillon pivotant vers l'aval à l'ouverture, un espace ouvert vers 1 'aval dans le conduit 3 de même forme que sur la figure 1, de sorte que des références identiques sont utilisées pour repérer des parties identiques en forme.The variant of FIG. 2 differs from the example of FIG. 1 only by the production of the shoulder, which is a bucket 17 'molded in one piece with the butterfly 6 'so as to delimit, in the half-butterfly pivoting downstream at the opening, an open space towards 1' downstream in the conduit 3 of the same shape as in FIG. 1, so that identical references are used to locate identical shaped parts.
De même, la variante de la figure 3 ne se distingue des figures 1 et 2 que par la réalisation de l'épaulement 17", qui est plein et moulé et rapporté sur la face amont du demi-disque 16 pivotant vers l'aval à l'ouverture, ou éventuellement moulé d'une seule pièce avec cette moitié de disque 16 pour former le papillon 6" . Pour le reste, le boîtier 2 et son conduit 3 sont identiques.Likewise, the variant of FIG. 3 differs from FIGS. 1 and 2 only by the production of the shoulder 17 ", which is solid and molded and attached to the upstream face of the half-disc 16 pivoting downstream at the opening, or possibly molded in one piece with this half of disc 16 to form the butterfly 6 ". For the rest, the housing 2 and its conduit 3 are identical.
Enfin, la variante de la figure 4 est symétrique de celle de la figiire 3 par rapport à l'axe de rotation 5 mais le flux d'air circule toujours de haut en bas sur la figure. De ce fait, l'épaulement 17a est sur la face aval de la moitié du disque 16a du papillon 6a qui pivote vers l'amont à l'ouverture, tandis que l'autre moitié du disque 16a, qui pivote vers l'aval à l'ouverture, se déplace en regard de la surface évolutive 14a, en aval du bord aval lia du tronçon central cylindrique circulaire et droit 7a du conduit 3a. En aval du bord aval lia et de la surface évolutive 14a, le conduit 3a présente respectivement un divergent tronconique 12a et un divergent 15a, sur les moitiés correspondantes de la section droite, qui s'étendent jusqu'à la sortie 13a du conduit 3a. En amont du bord amont 8a du tronçon central 7a, le conduit 3a présente un convergent 9a tronconique depuis son entrée 10a dans le boîtier 2a du corps papillon la.Finally, the variant of FIG. 4 is symmetrical to that of FIG. 3 with respect to the axis of rotation 5 but the air flow always circulates from top to bottom in the figure. Therefore, the shoulder 17a is on the downstream face of half of the disc 16a of the butterfly 6a which pivots upstream at the opening, while the other half of the disc 16a, which pivots downstream at the opening moves opposite the evolving surface 14a, downstream of the downstream edge 11a of the central circular and straight cylindrical section 7a of the conduit 3a. Downstream of the downstream edge 11a and of the evolving surface 14a, the duct 3a has respectively a frustoconical diverging portion 12a and a diverging portion 15a, on the corresponding halves of the cross section, which extend to the outlet 13a of the duct 3a. Upstream of the upstream edge 8a of the central section 7a, the conduit 3a has a frustoconical convergent 9a from its inlet 10a in the housing 2a of the throttle body 1a.
Cette variante présente les mêmes avantages que les précédentes concernant la facilité de moulage et la progres¬ sivité de variation du débit d'air. Mais elle peut s'avérer légèrement défavorable au plan des turbulences, dans certaines conditions d'utilisation. This variant has the same advantages as the previous ones concerning the ease of molding and the progression of variation of the air flow. However, it may prove slightly unfavorable in terms of turbulence, under certain conditions of use.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1. Corps papillon (1) pour dispositif d'injection de combustible pour moteur à combustion interne, comportant un boîtier (2) dans lequel est ménagé un conduit (3) d'admis¬ sion d'air et comprenant un papillon (6) en forme de disque sensiblement circulaire ou faiblement elliptique, monté sur un axe médian de rotation (5), transversal au conduit (3), et déplaçable entre une position d'ouverture minimum, éventuellement nulle, et une position d'ouverture maximum pour laquelle le plan du papillon (6) est orienté sensible¬ ment parallèlement à l'axe (4) du conduit d'admission (3), le côté du papillon (6) qui tourne vers l'amont, respective¬ ment vers l'aval, à partir de la position d'ouverture minimum ayant une forme de demi-disque plat, et le conduit d'admission (3) ayant une paroi qui présente, du côté en demi-disque plat du papillon (6) et en amont, respectivement en aval, de la position d'ouverture minimum du papillon (6), une portion de surface évolutive (14) de forme complexe coopérant avec le côté en demi-disque plat du papillon (6) de façon que la section de passage délimitée entre eux augmente au début de l'ouverture du papillon (6), en fonction de l'angle d'ouverture, moins rapidement que dans le cas d'un conduit cylindrique, caractérisé en ce que ladite portion de surface évolutive (14) présente, à chaque niveau le long de l'axe (4) du conduit (3) d'admission et sur la moitié de la section droite du conduit (3) du même côté de l'axe (4) du conduit que le côté en demi-disque plat du papillon (6), une section sensiblement en forme de demi-ellipse, dont le demi petit axe, perpendiculairement à l'axe de rotation (5), diminue progressivement jusqu'à un angle d'ouverture déterminé du papillon (6), tandis qu'en amont, respectivement en aval, de cette portion de surface évolutive (14) et sur la même moitié de section droite du conduit (3), ainsi que sur l'autre moitié de la section droite du conduit (3), du côté du papillon (6) qui tourne vers l'aval, respectivement vers l'amont, à l'ouverture, et jusqu'au niveau le long de l'axe (4) du conduit d'admission qui correspond au bord aval (11), respectivement amont, de ladite portion de surface évolutive (14), la paroi du conduit (3) est convergente, respective¬ ment divergente, le côté du papillon (6) qui tourne vers l'aval, respectivement vers l'amont, à l'ouverture présen¬ tant, sur sa face amont, respectivement aval, un épaulement (17) dont la tranche a un profil choisi pour ralentir l'augmentation de section de passage lors de l'ouverture initiale du papillon (6), par rapport à un côté en demi- disque plat du papillon tournant vers l'aval, respectivement vers l'amont, dans un conduit cylindrique, le conduit d'admission (3) présentant, en aval, respectivement en amont, de la position d'ouverture minimum du papillon (6), un tronçon aval (9) divergent jusqu'à la sortie (10), respectivement amont convergent depuis l'entrée, du conduit. CLAIMS 1. Butterfly body (1) for fuel injection device for internal combustion engine, comprising a housing (2) in which is formed an air intake duct (3) and comprising a butterfly (6 ) in the form of a substantially circular or slightly elliptical disc, mounted on a median axis of rotation (5), transverse to the duct (3), and movable between a minimum opening position, possibly zero, and a maximum opening position for which the plane of the butterfly (6) is oriented substantially parallel to the axis (4) of the intake duct (3), the side of the butterfly (6) which turns upstream, respectively towards downstream, from the minimum open position having the shape of a flat half-disc, and the intake duct (3) having a wall which has, on the side of a flat half-disc of the butterfly (6) and upstream , respectively downstream, from the minimum opening position of the butterfly (6), a portion of the surface evolves tive (14) of complex shape cooperating with the flat semi-disc side of the butterfly (6) so that the passage section delimited between them increases at the start of the opening of the butterfly (6), as a function of the angle opening, less quickly than in the case of a cylindrical duct, characterized in that said evolving surface portion (14) has, at each level along the axis (4) of the intake duct (3) and on the half of the cross section of the duct (3) on the same side of the axis (4) of the duct as the flat semi-disc side of the butterfly (6), a section substantially in the form of a half-ellipse, of which the half minor axis, perpendicular to the axis of rotation (5), gradually decreases up to a determined opening angle of the butterfly (6), while upstream, respectively downstream, of this portion of evolving surface ( 14) and on the same straight section half of the duct (3), as well as on the other half of the straight section of the duct (3), side of the butterfly (6) which rotates downstream, respectively upstream, at the opening, and up to the level along the axis (4) of the intake duct which corresponds to the downstream edge (11) , respectively upstream, of said portion of evolutive surface (14), the wall of the duct (3) is convergent, respective¬ ment divergent, the side of the butterfly (6) which turns downstream, respectively upstream, the opening presenting, on its upstream face, respectively downstream, a shoulder (17), the edge of which has a profile chosen to slow down the increase in cross section during the initial opening of the butterfly (6), with respect to on one side in a semi-flat disc of the butterfly rotating downstream, respectively upstream, in a cylindrical duct, the intake duct (3) having, downstream, respectively upstream, the open position minimum of the butterfly (6), a downstream section (9) diverge to the outlet (10), respectively upstream converge from the inlet, from the cond uit.
2. Corps papillon selon la revendication 1, caracté¬ risé en ce que, dans la position d'ouverture minimum du papillon (6), ce dernier est disposé dans un tronçon central (7) cylindrique droit de section circulaire du conduit d'admission (3), ledit tronçon central (7) étant sensible¬ ment symétrique selon l'axe (4) du conduit d'admission (3), de part et d'autre de l'axe de rotation (5). 2. throttle body according to claim 1, caracté¬ ized in that, in the minimum open position of the throttle (6), the latter is disposed in a central cylindrical section (7) straight cylindrical circular section of the intake duct (3), said central section (7) being substantially symmetrical along the axis (4) of the intake duct (3), on either side of the axis of rotation (5).
3. Corps papillon selon la revendication 2, caracté¬ risé en ce que ledit tronçon aval divergeant (9), respecti¬ vement amont convergeant, du conduit d'admission (3) est tronconique du bord aval (8), respectivement amont, dudit tronçon central cylindrique (7) jusqu'à la sortie (10), respectivement l'entrée, dudit conduit d'admission (3).3. throttle body according to claim 2, caracté¬ ized in that said diverging downstream section (9), respectively converging upstream of the intake duct (3) is frustoconical from the downstream edge (8), respectively upstream, of said cylindrical central section (7) up to the outlet (10), respectively the inlet, of said intake duct (3).
4. Corps papillon selon l'une des revendications 2 et 3, caractérisé en ce que le tronçon convergent, respecti¬ vement divergent, de la moitié de la paroi du conduit d'admission (3) en amont, respectivement en aval, de la position d'ouverture minimum du papillon (6) et du même côté de l'axe de rotation (5) que le côté du papillon (6) qui tourne vers l'aval, respectivement vers l'amont, à 1 'ouver¬ ture, est une portion de surface tronconique (12) conver¬ geant de l'entrée (13), respectivement de la sortie, du conduit (3) jusqu'au bord amont (11), respectivement aval, dudit tronçon central cylindrique (7).4. throttle body according to one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the converging section, respectively divergent, of half of the wall of the intake duct (3) upstream, respectively downstream of the minimum opening position of the throttle (6) and on the same side of the axis of rotation (5) as the side of the throttle (6) which turns downstream, respectively upstream, at the opening, is a portion of frustoconical surface (12) converging from the inlet (13), respectively from the outlet, from the conduit (3) up to 'at the upstream edge (11), respectively downstream, of said cylindrical central section (7).
5. Corps papillon selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier (2) avec son conduit d'admission (3) est moulé d'une seule pièce à la forme définitive en une matière de synthèse, par exemple thermoplastique.5. throttle body according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the housing (2) with its intake duct (3) is molded in one piece to the final shape in a synthetic material, for example thermoplastic.
6. Corps papillon selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que ledit épaulement (17) sur une face du papillon (6) présente une forme sensiblement de calotte ellipsoïdale de grand axe sensible- ment parallèle à l'axe de rotation (5) mais légèrement décalé vers l'aval de ce dernier, et dont la périphérie se raccorde à la tranche du côté de papillon (6) tournant vers 1 'aval, respectivement vers l'amont.6. Butterfly body according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said shoulder (17) on one face of the butterfly (6) has a shape substantially of ellipsoidal cap of major axis substantially parallel to the axis of rotation (5) but slightly offset downstream of the latter, and the periphery of which is connected to the edge of the butterfly side (6) rotating towards the downstream, respectively upstream.
7. Corps papillon selon la revendication 6, caracté- risé en ce que son papillon (6) est en matière de synthèse, par exemple thermoplastique, et comporte un disque plat (16) sur lequel ledit épaulement (17) est moulé ou rapporté, par exemple fixé par soudure aux ultrasons.7. Butterfly body according to claim 6, characterized in that its butterfly (6) is made of synthetic material, for example thermoplastic, and comprises a flat disc (16) on which said shoulder (17) is molded or attached, for example fixed by ultrasonic welding.
8. Corps papillon selon la revendication 7, carac- têrisé en ce que ledit épaulement (17) est formé par un godet délimitant un espace fermé.8. throttle body according to claim 7, charac- terized in that said shoulder (17) is formed by a bucket delimiting a closed space.
9. Corps papillon selon la revendication 7, caracté¬ risé en ce que ledit épaulement (17') est formé par un godet moulé avec le papillon (6' ) et délimitant un espace ouvert vers l'aval dans le conduit. 9. Butterfly body according to claim 7, caracté¬ ized in that said shoulder (17 ') is formed by a cup molded with the butterfly (6') and delimiting an open space downstream in the conduit.
EP96939142A 1995-11-22 1996-11-19 Throttle valve body with a tapered channel on one side of its axis and a tapered flap on the opposite side thereof Expired - Lifetime EP0862687B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9513885A FR2741392B1 (en) 1995-11-22 1995-11-22 CONDUCT THROTTLE BODY WITH EVOLUTIVE SHAPE ON ONE SIDE OF ITS AXIS AND EVOLUTIVE SHAPE THROTTLE BODY ON THE COMPLEMENTARY SIDE
FR9513885 1995-11-22
PCT/FR1996/001822 WO1997019264A1 (en) 1995-11-22 1996-11-19 Throttle valve body with a tapered channel on one side of its axis and a tapered flap on the opposite side thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0862687A1 true EP0862687A1 (en) 1998-09-09
EP0862687B1 EP0862687B1 (en) 1999-09-01

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EP96939142A Expired - Lifetime EP0862687B1 (en) 1995-11-22 1996-11-19 Throttle valve body with a tapered channel on one side of its axis and a tapered flap on the opposite side thereof

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Country Link
US (1) US6047950A (en)
EP (1) EP0862687B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1086219C (en)
BR (1) BR9611747A (en)
DE (1) DE69604084T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2138387T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2741392B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1997019264A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0862687B1 (en) 1999-09-01
CN1202951A (en) 1998-12-23
BR9611747A (en) 1999-04-06
US6047950A (en) 2000-04-11
CN1086219C (en) 2002-06-12
FR2741392B1 (en) 1998-01-30
DE69604084T2 (en) 2000-04-13
WO1997019264A1 (en) 1997-05-29
ES2138387T3 (en) 2000-01-01
DE69604084D1 (en) 1999-10-07
FR2741392A1 (en) 1997-05-23

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