EP0815946B1 - Distributeur pour fluides - Google Patents

Distributeur pour fluides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0815946B1
EP0815946B1 EP97110710A EP97110710A EP0815946B1 EP 0815946 B1 EP0815946 B1 EP 0815946B1 EP 97110710 A EP97110710 A EP 97110710A EP 97110710 A EP97110710 A EP 97110710A EP 0815946 B1 EP0815946 B1 EP 0815946B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
medium
sealing
dispenser according
section
jacket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97110710A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0815946A2 (fr
EP0815946A3 (fr
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Fuchs
Andreas Graf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aptar Radolfzell GmbH
Original Assignee
Erich Pfeiffer GmbH
Ing Erich Pfeiffer GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Erich Pfeiffer GmbH, Ing Erich Pfeiffer GmbH filed Critical Erich Pfeiffer GmbH
Publication of EP0815946A2 publication Critical patent/EP0815946A2/fr
Publication of EP0815946A3 publication Critical patent/EP0815946A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0815946B1 publication Critical patent/EP0815946B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/0005—Components or details
    • B05B11/0062—Outlet valves actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed
    • B05B11/0064—Lift valves
    • B05B11/0067—Lift valves having a valve seat located downstream the valve element (take precedence)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/0005—Components or details
    • B05B11/0037—Containers
    • B05B11/0039—Containers associated with means for compensating the pressure difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure inside the container, e.g. pressure relief means
    • B05B11/0044—Containers associated with means for compensating the pressure difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure inside the container, e.g. pressure relief means compensating underpressure by ingress of atmospheric air into the container, i.e. with venting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/0005—Components or details
    • B05B11/0037—Containers
    • B05B11/0039—Containers associated with means for compensating the pressure difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure inside the container, e.g. pressure relief means
    • B05B11/0044—Containers associated with means for compensating the pressure difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure inside the container, e.g. pressure relief means compensating underpressure by ingress of atmospheric air into the container, i.e. with venting means
    • B05B11/00444—Containers associated with means for compensating the pressure difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure inside the container, e.g. pressure relief means compensating underpressure by ingress of atmospheric air into the container, i.e. with venting means with provision for filtering or cleaning the air flow drawn into the container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/0005—Components or details
    • B05B11/0062—Outlet valves actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed
    • B05B11/0072—A valve member forming part of an outlet opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1001—Piston pumps
    • B05B11/1016—Piston pumps the outlet valve having a valve seat located downstream a movable valve element controlled by a pressure actuated controlling element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1042—Components or details
    • B05B11/1043—Sealing or attachment arrangements between pump and container
    • B05B11/1046—Sealing or attachment arrangements between pump and container the pump chamber being arranged substantially coaxially to the neck of the container
    • B05B11/1047—Sealing or attachment arrangements between pump and container the pump chamber being arranged substantially coaxially to the neck of the container the pump being preassembled as an independent unit before being mounted on the container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1042—Components or details
    • B05B11/1073—Springs
    • B05B11/1077—Springs characterised by a particular shape or material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/30—Dip tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dispenser according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • media can be distributed or dispensed through a media outlet.
  • the medium can have its last contact with the donor at this media outlet.
  • Such dispensers expediently have a media or fluid guide, which can be formed by separate guides, such as channels or the like. In contrast to significantly expanded media rooms, they can form much narrower media rooms.
  • the further media spaces can be provided for storing the medium, as pressure spaces for generating a discharge pressure or the like. They can be connected to a media guide at the entrance and / or at the exit. These serve to fill or empty the media room when the dispenser is operated.
  • the fluid guide is expediently provided separately from the media guide. In the case of pressure equalization in a media room, it can be flowed through in the opposite direction to the media guide.
  • the fluid such as atmospheric air, flows into the media space if it is is under vacuum due to emptying, temperature changes or the like. This supply of the fluid can easily lead to contamination of the medium.
  • Such ventilation guides therefore expediently run exclusively through a germ filter or the like in order to make the air in the flow through free of germs.
  • the US-A-4 830 284 shows the features according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein means against germ contamination of the medium or a germ barrier are not provided either in the area of the media outlet or in the fluid guide. Despite the closure means, germs can also penetrate into the device along the media guide, possibly even into the media spaces, in the area of the media outlet. This leads to contamination and therefore to the spoilage of the medium and the uselessness of the donor. This can be counteracted with locking devices in the area of the media outlet. They are suitable for forming a germ barrier in the closed state.
  • US 5 074 440 A describes a squeeze bottle with a check valve in the media outlet.
  • This outlet consists of a tube surrounded by a protective cage.
  • a removable protective cap closes the outlet opening for the medium when not in use.
  • a hydrophobic filter is provided for the air inlet to equalize the pressure for the medium being dispensed.
  • the object of the invention is to create a dispenser or a discharge device in which disadvantages of known designs or the use of either only a germ barrier at the media outlet or a germ barrier in the fluid guide are avoided and which are very safe, in particular with a simple structure Combination functions of the locks.
  • the dispenser has both a germ barrier for the outlet and a germ barrier for the fluid guidance. If the dispenser has two units which can be moved relative to one another to actuate a media discharge, or if it consists of two such units, one lock is expediently mounted or held on one unit and the other lock on the other unit. The two locks execute synchronous mutual movements with the discharge actuation and to this.
  • the media outlet in particular an atomizer nozzle
  • the inner end of the nozzle channel can directly adjoin a conical or similar extension.
  • the nozzle expediently forms the closing surface of the associated lock.
  • a movable closure member can rest on this closing surface in the closed position.
  • the two closing surfaces are advantageously only in a line or ring shape. This results in extremely short creepage distances for germs. High closing and surface pressures can be achieved. Despite the non-resilient closing surfaces, a very tight seal is guaranteed.
  • the end of the nozzle channel forms the media outlet and is limited in one piece. Upstream of the closing surface, the nozzle channel, like the movable closure element of the lock, can be expanded in one or more steps.
  • the closure member can be slidably guided in this nozzle channel only over an axial section of its opening or closing movement.
  • the mutually sliding and resting surfaces can form an additional germ barrier in the closed position.
  • This barrier connects directly upstream to the axially abutting closing surfaces. This lock only releases the passage for the medium after a first partial path of the opening stroke of the closure member.
  • the closure member as a pump piston, pushes the medium out of the nozzle channel through the media outlet in a pulsed manner.
  • the nozzle channel between the end of the sealing piston and the media outlet is completely emptied due to the inertia of the accelerated medium.
  • the remaining medium there is ejected outside with atomization.
  • the germ barrier for the fluid guidance could, according to the DE-OS 35 03 354 may be formed.
  • This lock can expediently also be designed according to German patent application 196 10 457.2.
  • the two actuating units to be moved against one another are expediently provided with a pull-off protection in order to form a further protection against the ingress of germs.
  • the securing sufficiently prevents or makes it difficult to pull the two units apart.
  • a securing member of this securing device is advantageously formed by a holder, such as a crimp ring, which surrounds or is fixed to further components. The fuse is removed from the upstream end of the socket.
  • the securing member can lie on the outer circumference of the socket or be effective at a distance from this outer circumference. It can be produced particularly easily if it is formed by bending or flanging the end of the socket. This consists of a relatively soft, e.g. metallic, material.
  • the pull-off protection can prevent germs in the connection between the units, e.g. on a piston tappet, do not open accidentally.
  • This socket limits the fluid guidance with its inner circumference.
  • the associated germ barrier can be completely enclosed within the socket.
  • Fluid inlets may be axially spaced from the socket. They can lie on one or both ends of the socket within a housing of the actuation unit which has the media outlet.
  • the media pump for example a thrust piston pump
  • a second pump stage in particular a bellows pump.
  • the medium is accelerated again by narrowing the pressure chamber.
  • the pressure chambers of the media pump and the additional pump stage are narrowed simultaneously.
  • the jacket of the pressure chamber of the pump stage can form a return spring.
  • the pressure chamber of this pump stage or the associated end of the return spring can connect directly or in one piece to a control piston of the outlet closure. This results in a very compact design.
  • These components as well as the holder for the return spring or the like can essentially lie completely within a discharge nozzle. At its upstream end, transverse surfaces for manual pressure actuation of the dispenser protrude over its outer circumference.
  • the neck is suitable for insertion into a body opening, such as a nostril.
  • the device 1 has two units 2, 3. They can be moved axially against one another to actuate the discharge, shortening the dispenser 1. When released from the actuating force, they return to the starting position according to FIG. 1 by a spring in the opposite direction.
  • the unit 2 contains a bottle-shaped accumulator 4 with a constricted accumulator neck 5.
  • a thrust piston pump 6 is inserted axially into it. It sucks the medium out of the storage belly. The pump 6 protrudes only partially, but with the greatest part of its length into the rigid storage 4.
  • the pump 6 is supported in a pressure-tight and prestressed manner with a radially projecting annular flange 7 with the interposition of a seal 8 ,
  • a socket 9 is provided for the axial prestressing and as protection of the fixed connection between the accumulator 4 and the pump 6, namely a crimp ring made of soft sheet metal. All components mentioned lie in a common axis 10.
  • the pump 6 has an actuating tappet 11 which projects axially from its base body, namely the pump housing 12, outside the accumulator 4. With the plunger 11, the unit 3 is fixedly connected.
  • the member 11 carries a pump piston within the housing 12. It delimits a pump or pressure chamber on one end. The actuating movement narrows the pressure chamber and the medium contained therein is expelled through the interior of the plunger 11 into the unit 3.
  • a pressure-dependent or path-dependent opening and closing exhaust valve can be provided within the housing 12, for example on the displaceable piston unit. The medium therefore flows out in the outlet direction only after a predetermined pressure has been reached in the pumping chamber.
  • the outlet channel of the pump can, however, also from the pump chamber to the outlet opening of the pump, which in the end face of the Tappet 11 is always open, valve-free.
  • medium is sucked into the pump chamber through the end of the housing 12 or a suction hose located in the reservoir 4, specifically via an inlet valve which closes during the pump stroke.
  • the bodies 4, 8, 9, 12 form a dimensionally stable and preassembled unit during operation.
  • the unit 3 can only be mounted on this unit by an axial movement reaching up to a stop position.
  • the unit 3 has a one-piece base body 13. It overlaps the parts 5 to 9, 11, 12 in any position on the outer circumference partially or completely with a housing 14 and / or a nozzle 15.
  • the cap-shaped housing 14 has a jacket projecting freely against the outlet direction. The jacket surrounds the parts mentioned. It can be guided radially on the outer circumference of the socket 9 with radial play.
  • the housing 14 At a distance from the end of the housing 12, which lies outside the reservoir 4 and opposite this end, the housing 14 has an end wall which connects directly to the cap jacket and only radially inwards. The cap jacket does not protrude beyond the outside of this end wall. This outside forms a shoulder or handle 16 adjacent to or around the nozzle 15 for supporting the fingers of the user during operation.
  • the dispenser 1 can be carried with one hand and operated simultaneously.
  • the nozzle 15 is longer compared to the housing 14 and reduced in outer width and connects in one piece to the cap end wall of the housing 14.
  • the nozzle 15 is tapered to its free end and forms the media outlet 17 in its free end surface. At this point, the medium completely detaches from the dispenser 1 during discharge.
  • a pressure-tight coupling 18 is located within the housing 14 and the connector 15 intended. It serves the axially fixed, but mutually rotatable connection between the unit 3 and the plunger 11 of the piston unit.
  • the coupling 18 forms the only connection between the units 2, 3 and a lock against the ingress of germs into the media guide during the pumping stroke immediately after leaving the starting position.
  • Each of the parts 13 to 18 can also lie in the axis 10.
  • the dispenser 1 is suitable for discharging liquid, powder, pasty, gaseous or similar media.
  • the medium is to be applied with the discharge as a cosmetic, pharmaceutical, technical or similar active ingredient.
  • Media rooms are provided for receiving and channeling the medium during discharge and refilling. They are formed by the storage space 19 of the storage 4, the pumping chamber and all those spaces whose boundaries come into contact with the medium during operation.
  • a media guide 20 in the form of adjoining channel sections. These are substantially narrower in cross-section than the storage space and the pumping chamber and lie within the unit 3.
  • a fluid guide 21 separate from the guide 20 is provided.
  • the guide 21 here forms a channel connection between the storage space 19 and the atmospheric air, which surrounds the device 1 on the outside.
  • the duct connection is connected to the space 19, bypassing the interior of the housing 12 and via the opening of the neck 5 and inside the socket 9.
  • the fluid is therefore air here, but could also be another fluid. It should be suitable for compensating for deviations in the pressure in space 19 from the atmospheric pressure.
  • a germ barrier 22 is provided in the area of the outlet 17 or the end wall through which it passes. When the device 1 is at rest, it prevents germs which are contained in the atmospheric air or which settle at the end of the nozzle 15 in the region of the outlet 17 from penetrating into the guide 20.
  • the lock 22 is designed as a mechanical lock or as a channel closure. The lock 22 is open during the discharge of the medium from the outlet 17. The lock 22 closes again immediately at the end of this exit.
  • a similarly effective germ barrier 23 is provided for the guide 21, but only acts as a germ filter.
  • the lock 23 is located between the flange 7 and the end of the neck 5 completely within the socket 9 and the cap 14, in a ring region around the axis 10 and around the housing 12. On its outer circumference, the lock 23 closes as at the neck end tight and pressure tight.
  • a control body or slide 24 is arranged entirely within the tubular connecting piece 15 and can be displaced axially relative to it only by a few tenths of a millimeter.
  • the slide 24 is stop-limited in its starting and closed positions and lies in the axis 10.
  • the link 25 has the smallest diameter compared to all other areas of the slide 24.
  • the length of the link 25 is at most as large as its outer width.
  • the link 25 closes via a flat ring shoulder on an enlarged mandrel 26 of the slide 24.
  • the mandrel 26 connects to an actuator, namely to a control piston 27, in the axial distance from the member 25 and in the region of the outer half of the length of the connector 15.
  • the cup-shaped piston 27 has a jacket-shaped piston lip, which in the outlet direction has an annular disk-shaped
  • the piston crown protrudes freely.
  • the lip slides sealed on the inner circumference of the control cylinder.
  • the lip delimits an annular space with the outer circumference of the mandrel 26 about the axis 10. Upstream of this, a section of the mandrel 26 adjoins the piston head, which section is widened compared to the section lying downstream. This section is guided with an annular, piston-like seal 28 on an inner circumference of the guide 20.
  • the seal 28 projects freely as a piston lip against the outlet direction.
  • the mandrel section, which projects upstream above the seal 28, is penetrated by a channel 31 of the guide 20 over its entire length.
  • the channel 31 also passes through the piston crown. So it opens into the annular space, which is limited by the piston 27.
  • the channel 31 is completely delimited by the slide 24 from the piston head to the seal 28 over the circumference.
  • the channel 31 is open upstream of the seal 28 on the long side or on the outer circumference of the slide 24.
  • the slide 24 is surrounded by a return or valve spring 29.
  • the spring 29 is rigidly supported with its upstream end on the unit 3 and with its downstream end inside the seal 28 on the slide 24.
  • the coil spring 29 loads the slide 24, the parts 25 to 28 of which are formed in one piece with one another, to the closed position.
  • the spring 29 holds the link 25 in the closed position under pretension.
  • a body is rigidly positioned in the connecting piece 15 30 used, which is completely within the body 13.
  • the body 30 is only attached to the inner circumference of the outermost jacket 32 of the connector 15.
  • the body 30 has a furthest jacket or section 33.
  • the section 33 engages in connection with the housing 14 in an axially limited manner in the inner circumference of the casing 32, and only over a partial length of the connector 15. This inner circumference also forms the raceway for the piston 27.
  • a section closes the casing 33 in the outlet direction or jacket 34 of the body 30 protrudes freely.
  • the jacket 34 is non-contact with the jacket 32.
  • the jacket 34 is located at a short distance from the bottom of the piston 27 and surrounds the associated section of the mandrel 26, the channel 31 and the spring 29. The latter is supported directly on the body 30 within the end wall of the section 33.
  • the seal 28 is slidably guided on the inner circumference of the jacket 34.
  • the body 30 forms a coupling member 35 of the coupling 18.
  • the member 35 is sleeve-shaped and lies at a radial distance within the jacket 33.
  • the member 35 surrounds the end section of the plunger 11 in a tight and axially struck manner.
  • the member 35 provides the connection between the units 2, 3 forth and limits the portion of the guide 20 which connects to the plunger 11.
  • annular space is delimited between the members 33, 35, which lie inside one another in the form of a sleeve, which is connected to the interior of the housing 14 and the guide 21.
  • This annular space is connected via a channel 36 to the annular space in which the pistons 27, 28 lie and which is delimited by the inner circumference of the casing 32 and by the outer circumference of the casing 34.
  • the axial and narrow channel 36 forms the only external connection to this annular space. The medium does not flow through the annulus. Changes in position of the slide 24 therefore do not lead to significant changes in pressure in this annular space.
  • a swirling or swirling device 37 is provided in the region of the transition between the links 25, 26. It sets medium, which flows along the outer circumference of the mandrel 26 in the outlet direction, into a rotational flow about the axis of the outlet 17 and the member 25. This swirl flow continues as it is discharged to the outlet 17.
  • the right-angled, sharp ring edge between the circumferential surface and the end surface of the link 25 is assigned an annular valve seat 38 within the end wall 43 of the connector 15. At the seat 38, the ring edge, which is provided as a closing surface, only bears in the closed position under the tension of the compression spring 29.
  • the outlet 17 is formed by the outer end of a cylindrical channel 39.
  • the channel 39 can connect with sharp edges to the outer end face of the end wall 43, namely in the region of a depression in this end face. This results in a sharp tear-off edge for the atomized detachment of the medium at the outlet 17.
  • the length of the nozzle channel 39 is at most as large as its diameter, which is less than four tenths or one tenth of a millimeter. This length can also be less than half of this diameter.
  • channel section 40 which is flared upstream.
  • the widened end of the channel 40 directly adjoins a cylindrical channel section upstream.
  • the link 25, with its outer circumference, slides in a sealed manner on this cylinder.
  • the transition of the cylinder to section 40 forms the seat 38.
  • the cylinder is shorter than its diameter or half its diameter. It closes with its upstream lying end to a flared channel section 41.
  • the channel 41 surrounds the link 25 in every position on the outer circumference and is penetrated by this link 25.
  • the conical section 41 lies within an annular projection 42 which projects freely over the inner end face of the end wall 43.
  • the upstream end face of the ring 42 lies in the closed position with a small gap distance from the end face between the links 25, 26.
  • the swirl device 37 can be formed by a depression or profiles and is provided in the shoulder surface between the links 25, 26. The depression can connect to the outer circumference of the mandrel 26 and deliver the medium in a swirl flow to the section 41.
  • the outer diameter of the link 25 is at most four or three times as large as the diameter of the nozzle opening 17 and at most half as large as the outer diameter of the subsequent mandrel section 26.
  • Channels 44 of the guide 20 are provided along the outer circumference of this mandrel section 26.
  • the channels 44 are delimited by the inner circumference of the jacket 32 and by the outer circumferences of the sections 26, 42. Therefore, the channels 44 are permanently connected to the extension 41 and the device 37.
  • the longitudinal channels 44 connect the inner annular space of the piston 27 with the valve seat 38.
  • the closing surfaces of the valve 22 have only line contact with one another. However, the closing surfaces are continued up to the enlargement 41, namely through the sealing surfaces adjoining upstream.
  • the channels 44 can be formed by grooves on the inner circumference of the jacket 32. They sit in a ring Tab 45 continues. It protrudes freely upstream into the annular space or piston 27. This results in relatively narrow flow cross-sections. These cross sections remain narrow until the outlet 17.
  • the cross sections are substantially smaller than the flow cross sections of the channel 31 or the link 35.
  • the mandrel section 26 can be provided on its outer circumference with a flattening reaching up to the link 25, with depressions 47 or the like lying at a distance from the link 25. This improves the swirling of the medium as it flows through.
  • the one-piece crimp ring 9 has two adjoining longitudinal sections 48, 49 which have different widths.
  • the sections 48, 49 are connected to one another via an annular disk-shaped end wall. Like this wall, the sections 48, 49 have constant wall thickness throughout.
  • the enlarged, cap-shaped section 48 serves to clamp the flange 7 against the end face of the neck 5. This end face can be formed by an axial ring projection at the neck end and directly adjoins the inner circumference of the neck 5.
  • the section 48 lies with its end wall against the annular end face of the flange 7. With an inwardly angled end collar, section 48 bears against a shoulder surface of the outer circumference of neck 5 facing away from it.
  • the inner circumference of the section 48 lies at a small distance from the outer circumference of a radially outwardly projecting collar of the neck 5.
  • the collar forms the shoulder surface for the crimp ring 9.
  • the section 49 which is downstream of the inner circumference of the end wall of the section 48 connects and is cylindrical, surrounds the part of the housing 12 which projects outwards from the neck 5 via the flange 9. This part is formed by a separate housing cover of the housing 12, which is arranged in a fixed position and is pushed through by the plunger 11.
  • the section 49 surrounds this housing cover closely up to its end surface through which the plunger 11 passes, but not sealed.
  • the guide 21 is delimited from the inside circumference of section 49 and from the outside circumference of this housing section.
  • the guide 21 can also be delimited in the form of a gap from the outer circumference of the neck collar and from the inner circumference of the section 48.
  • the units 2, 3 and the germ lock of the coupling 18 are secured with a device 50 against being pulled apart against the direction of actuation and thereby being released from one another.
  • the pull-off protection 50 lies completely within the unit 3 and the housing 14, namely upstream at a distance from the end wall of the cap.
  • the fuse 50 is located on the outer periphery of the projecting cover of the housing 12 and approximately in the middle between the flange 7 and the cap end wall of the housing 14.
  • a securing member 51 is formed by the crimp ring, namely the downstream end of the section 49. This end is angled in cross section over more than 90 ° or conically radially outwards. Therefore, the link 51 protrudes beyond the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 49.
  • a counter member 52 is formed in one piece with the base body 13.
  • the link 52 is radially resiliently movable or resilient expandable.
  • the cam 52 thus engages behind the dimensionally stable member 51.
  • the member 52 is furthermore at a short distance from the outer circumference of the section 49. When the pump is actuated, the member 52 can be axially displaced along this outer circumference.
  • the link 52 separates from the link 51.
  • the link 52 is arranged on the inner circumference of the free end of a projection 53 or jacket.
  • the protrusion 53 projects less inside the cap jacket 14 and at a radial distance therefrom from the inside of the cap end wall than the cap jacket.
  • Link 53 may have one or more axial slots to better spring.
  • the lock 23 or the seal 8 contains an annular germ filter 54.
  • the filter 54 lies directly on the end face of the neck 5 and on the outer circumference of the housing 12 with axial or radial prestress.
  • the filter 54 is disc-shaped and the neck 5 is made of glass.
  • the filter 54 can consist of a semi-permeable, porous material, for example.
  • the filter 54 slowly lets air through in the direction of the space 19. In the opposite direction, however, the filter 54 does not allow medium from space 19 to penetrate.
  • filter 54 serves as a media seal, but not as a fluid seal.
  • the air penetrates from the space within the section 48 into the end face and the peripheral surface of the filter 54. Then the air inside the filter 54 flows radially inwards and then between the neck 5 and the housing 12 via the associated end face of the filter 54 into the space 19.
  • the outside diameter of the seal 55 is expediently smaller than the outside diameter of the filter 54.
  • the seal 55 is impermeable to air.
  • the filter 54 can also be in direct contact with the flange 7 without an additional seal 55.
  • the unit 3 is pushed further over the unit 2 by means of a pump stroke with the fingers that press the handle 16 on both sides of the connector 15. This narrows the pumping chamber.
  • the associated outlet valve is opened after a first partial stroke and the medium is pressed out of the pump chamber through the channel in the plunger 11 into the guide 20. From here, the medium flows in the axis 10 through the link 35, the spring 29 and the channel 31 to the downstream end face of the piston 27 and into the associated annular space. This creates an overpressure here.
  • the one-piece unit 24 When a limit pressure is reached, the one-piece unit 24 is pressed upstream against the force of the spring 29 without striking the end of the jacket 34. As a result, the valve member 25 is lifted off the seat 38 until its closing edge lies freely within the extension 41.
  • the medium can now flow successively through the channels 44 along the profiles 47 and 37 into the channel section 41. In the channel 41 the medium flows along the outer circumference of the link 25 with an increase in the flow velocity because the flow cross sections decrease in the flow direction through the section 41.
  • the closing edge of the link 25 forms with the section 41 and the adjoining cylindrical channel section an annular nozzle.
  • the medium is atomized in it. Then the medium flows along the cylindrical channel section into section 40. In section 40, the flow velocity increases again due to the narrowing.
  • the medium in a swirl flow then enters the nozzle channel 39. With repeated, finer atomization, the medium detaches from the boundary edge of the outlet 17 as a spray cone.
  • All channel sections 39 to 41 and the intermediate cylindrical channel section are jointly limited in one piece. These sections lie within the end wall 43. Their common length can correspond to an inner width of section 41.
  • the control part 34 with the member 25 returns to its closed position in the outlet direction.
  • the link 25 penetrates abruptly into the cylindrical channel section.
  • the closing edge forms a valve control edge with the narrower end edge of section 41.
  • the link 25 now acts as an ejection piston.
  • the piston 25 completely ejects the medium from the cylindrical channel section and the sections 40, 39, also with atomization. Namely until the closing edge abuts the seat 38 under high surface pressure and the sections 39, 40 completely are emptied.
  • Section 39 may be shorter than section 40. The latter is at most as long as section 41 or shorter.
  • a spring acting on the piston unit such as a compression spring, can be provided in the pump chamber.
  • medium is sucked into the pump chamber from the space 19 while the outlet valve is closed.
  • a negative pressure is created in room 19.
  • the room 19 sucks in atmospheric air, with a very slow flow rate.
  • the air flows successively through the filter 54, the crimp ring 9, its end, the fuse 50, the jacket 53, the interior of the housing 14 and its free end and / or the channel 36. This continues until the pressure in the space 19 is only slightly below atmospheric pressure. Germs can therefore neither penetrate into the space 19 nor into the channel section 41 or the channel sections lying in between.
  • the closing edge of the link 25 can have a lofty effect on the cylindrical channel part during the closing movement. Media residues in the outlet direction are also removed here. Due to the impact of the piston 27, there are practically no media residues in the sections 39, 40 either. Otherwise they could be contaminated by germs.
  • the slide 24, which is formed telescopically with the jackets 32, 34, is not required.
  • the slide 24 is replaced by an elastically shortenable and extendable component 34.
  • the part 34 also forms the spring 29 and delimits the channel 31 over its entire length and its entire circumference.
  • the spring 29 extends from the outside of the bottom of the piston 27 to the annular disk-shaped end wall of the plug body 33, and is formed in one piece with these parts.
  • the spring 29 has constant wall thickness over its circumference and its length.
  • the spring jacket forms one or two spiral paths lying one inside the other.
  • the outer circumference is designed to be complementary to the inner circumference as a helix with an incline of at least 30 ° or 45 °.
  • the largest outer diameter or smallest inner diameter of the spring 29 is constant over its entire length.
  • the smallest inside diameter is less than 5 or 3 or 1.5 mm.
  • the outer circumference of the spring 29 lies directly opposite the inner circumference of the casing 32 without contact.
  • the coupling body 30 is inserted with an outer jacket, namely in a fixed position by an axial stop.
  • the inner jacket lying at a radial distance from the outer jacket forms the coupling member 35 of the body 30.
  • the bottom of the piston 27 is penetrated eccentrically by an axial transfer channel 56.
  • the channel 56 opens into the control and annular space of the piston 27 or into the channels 44.
  • the medium flows exclusively within the channel 31.
  • the channel 31 conveys a helical swirl flow to the medium through its internal profile. This flow passes through the channel 56 along the guide surface 46 to the pressure side of the piston 27 and from there to the outlet 17.
  • the channel 56 is much narrower than the channel 31.
  • the component 34 is designed as a bellows. The interior 31 of the bellows 34 is reduced when the valve 22 is opened and thereby contributes to the acceleration of flow. When the valve 22 is closed, the volume of the space 31 is increased again. Thereby medium is sucked back out of the channel sections 41, 44, 56 and thus removed from the area of the valve 22.
  • the channel 56 is designed as an angular channel.
  • the channel leg connected to the channel 31 lies in the axis 10 of the channel 31.
  • the other leg passes through the guide surface or the outer circumference of the mandrel 26, specifically between the ends of the channel 44 and outside the piston 27.
  • Fig. 4 the one-piece assembly from the components 25 to 27, 29, 33 according to Figures 2 and 3 is shown.
  • the spring 29 is indicated in FIG. 2, and in connection with the piston 27, the spring 29 in FIG. 3 is only indicated with a partial length.
  • This unit is inserted before assembly on the units 2, 13 through the jacket 53 and the cam 52 into the base body 13 and the connector 15.
  • the body 30 is inserted in the same way.
  • the jacket 33 which is made of a relatively soft, resilient material, is clamped radially against the inner circumference of the jacket 32. 4, the mandrel 26 is cylindrical over its entire length. It is not provided with a flat 46 or with profiles 37, 47.
  • the closing edge 58 of the link 25 adjoining the end face 57 is also clearly visible.
  • the outlet valve of the pump 6, which connects to the pump chamber, can be adjusted. It also opens when the pumping chamber is only filled with air and a pumping stroke is carried out. The air space then extends continuously from the pump chamber to the closing seat 38, 58. This results in a very simple starting (priming) of the pump during commissioning. All canal spaces can easily be filled with medium.
  • the channel 36 also serves to vent that annular space in the nozzle 15 which is adjacent to the piston 27 when the body 30 is used like a piston. Through the channel 36 this annulus can also be pressurized with a test device. The overpressure acts on the lip 27. The tight contact of the lip 27 can be detected on the basis of a pressure drop in the annular space.
  • the flattening or the like can secure the ends of the spring 29 against mutual rotation about the axis 10 and relative to the body 13. Due to the helical shape, a torsional tension of the spring 29 is also built up during the axial shortening. The torsion stress superimposes and supplements the axial tension when springing back. In this way short closing times are achieved.
  • a cap (not shown in detail) is provided to completely accommodate the nozzle 15 during rest periods. This cap covers the outlet 17 at a short distance. The cap extends to the handle 16 and lies tightly against a bead 59 which is attached to the outer circumference of the nozzle 15. This prevents or makes it difficult for germs to penetrate.
  • the seal 8 or the lock 23 can also be extended in the axial direction beyond the gap which is formed between the neck 5 and the flange 7. This can apply to the seal 8 alone or to the lock 23 alone.
  • the body 60 provided for this purpose can, however, also serve both as a filter or germ filter and as a seal and can be formed in one piece throughout. Body 60 may contain antibactericides which cause germicidal contact.
  • the sleeve-shaped extension 62 is only provided upstream of the flange 7 here.
  • the sealing or filter body 60 has an annular flange 61.
  • the flange 61 lies axially like the parts 54, 55 stretched between the end faces of the neck 5 and the flange 7. In the relaxed state, the flange 61 is curved in axial section on each side of the axis 10 about separate centers. Thus, the flange 61 forms a convex side for contact with the flange 7 and a concave side for contact with the neck 5, which passes through the circumference of the flange 61 as an annular groove.
  • An axially projecting sealing lip 65 is provided on the convex curvature side at a greater distance from the outer circumference than from the inner circumference of the flange 61.
  • the annular lip 65 is flanked at an angle in cross section and is flattened by the bracing with the ring 9 on the end face of the flange 7.
  • the lip 65 then, like the radially adjoining sections of the end face of the flange 61, bears against the sections 7 with increased sealing pressure against the flange 7. Both end faces of the flange 61 are thus supported in the sealing position continuously flat or over the entire surface on the end faces of the parts 5, 7.
  • the jacket part 62 connects axially only in one piece to the inner circumference of the flange 61. Over most of its length or continuously, the jacket 62 has a wall thickness which is at least one third or half less than the wall thickness of the flange 61 and is less than 1 mm or 0.7 mm.
  • the jacket 62 has a longitudinal section 63 which directly adjoins the flange 61. Furthermore, a longitudinal section 64 is provided, which only adjoins section 63.
  • the sections 63, 64 project upstream in the neck 5 or the space 19.
  • the acute-angled conical section 63 is narrower in this direction than the section 64. The latter can have the same conicity over the length of its inner circumference as the directly associated part of the Have housing 12.
  • the section 64 is continuous over its length and circumference on the outer circumference of this housing section.
  • the length of the section 64 corresponds to at least or at most one third to half of its inner diameter.
  • the inner circumference of section 64 like its outer circumference, merges into the expanded inner or outer circumference of section 63.
  • the section 63 like the flange 61, is completely contact-free relative to the housing 12.
  • the inner circumference of the section 64 has two sealing lips or sealing beads 66, which are at a smaller distance from the free end of the jacket 62, 64 than from the section 63.
  • the beads 66 are annular and project beyond the inner circumference by less than a tenth of a millimeter.
  • Each flat bead 66 is part-circular in axial section, namely over an arc angle of more than 120 °. By radial pressure against the housing 12, each bead 66 can thereby be pressed into the enveloping surface of the subsequent inner circumference.
  • the beads 66 are continuous over the inner circumference. Relative to their individual axial extent, the beads 66 are at a maximum distance from one another.
  • the beads 66 have a smaller distance from the free end surface of the section 64.
  • the outer circumference of the housing 12 is free of depressions.
  • the beads 66 do not engage in depressions. Rather, they lie against the smooth, uninterrupted and upwardly narrowed outer surface of the housing 12 up to a shoulder. With this shoulder, the housing 12 is narrowed upstream.
  • the ventilation of the room 19 can take place according to FIG. 1 along the outside of the housing 12 or via its interior.
  • the air flows along the plunger 11 into the housing 12 and exits in the region of the section 63 through a housing opening, specifically against the inner circumference of the Coat 62 directed.
  • the air then flows into the section 64.
  • the section 64 is radially resiliently expanded under the fluid pressure, so that the lips 66 lift off from the housing 12 and allow the air to flow into the space 19.
  • a pressure-dependent ventilation valve is therefore formed here.
  • the lips 66 return radially inward into their closed position, the entire section 64 narrowing.
  • the filter 54 can be arranged between the flanges 7, 61. As a result, the air also enters section 63 first and then section 64.
  • the body 60 is made in one piece from plastic, namely from a tensile, compressive and flexible material.
  • the lips 66 can form the associated germ barrier.
  • the lip seal 60 protects against diffusion of the medium out of the space 19. To equalize the pressure in the space 19, the seal 60 opens at a slight negative pressure or a pressure which is only slightly lower than the atmospheric pressure.
  • the filter membrane 54 is protected from contact or moistening with the medium because the seal 60, together with the body 12, delimits a drying space which lies between the lips 66 and the flange 7 within the jacket 62. No medium penetrates from the room 19 into the drying room.
  • the seal 60 also forms the closure seal for the memory 4.

Landscapes

  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Devices For Dispensing Beverages (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Distributeur pour matières avec un corps de base (12, 13) pour le logement d'un espace à matières, avec un moyen d'échappement des matières (17) à l'extrémité d'un moyen de guidage de matières (20) et avec un moyen de guidage de fluides (21) pour la compensation de pression dans l'espace à matières, et avec des moyens de fermeture (22) pouvant être mis dans un état ouvert dans le domaine du moyen d'échappement des matières (17), lesquels comprennent un obturateur mobile, caractérisé en ce que l'on prévoit des moyens contre une infestation de la matière par des germes dans le moyen de guidage de fluides (21) et en ce que l'on prévoit en tant que surface de fermeture de l'obturateur (25) une arête annulaire (58), constituée par la transition entre une surface frontale (57) et une surface circonférencielle.
  2. Distributeur d'après la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le distributeur comprend deux unités (2, 3) mobiles l'une par rapport à l'autre et en ce que l'on prévoit un moyen de sertissage (9) de forme annulaire, tel qu'un sertissage crimp.
  3. Distributeur d'après la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les unités (2, 3) sont assurées l'une par rapport à l'autre par un assurage contre extraction (50), en ce que notamment la première unité (2) est apte en elle-même à la décharge de matière sous pression même sans la deuxième unité (3) et en ce que de préférence les deux unités (2, 3) sont raccordées entre elles uniquement au moyen d'un raccordement par enfichage.
  4. Distributeur d'après la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de sertissage (9) délimite au moins une partie du moyen de guidage de fluide (21) et en ce que de préférence le moyen de sertissage (9) forme à une certaine distance de son extrémité (48) en amont un moyen d'assurage de position (51) pour une pièce (13) mobile.
  5. Distributeur d'après une des revendications de 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un moyen d'actionnement de décharge comprend les deux unités premières et deuxièmes (2 ou encore 3, 11) manuellement mobiles l'une par rapport à l'autre, voir axialement déplaçables, en ce que notamment les unités (2, 3) sont mobiles pour une décharge à plusieurs reprises à partir d'une position initiale dans une position de pompage et à nouveau dans la position initiale et en ce que de préférence le moyen de sertissage (9) est disposé en position fixe en tant que douille de fixation sur la première unité (2) ainsi que le moyen de guidage de fluide est délimité par la face intérieure du moyen de sertissage (9).
  6. Distributeur d'après une des revendications de 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'une première des unités (2) présente une pompe (6) à tenir sur le réservoir à matière (4) par un moyen de sertissage (9), en ce que notamment la pompe (6) est soutenue par rapport au réservoir à matières (4) par des moyens d'étanchéité (54, 55) et en ce que de préférence les moyens d'étanchéité (54, 55) sont traversés par le moyen de guidage de fluide (21).
  7. Distributeur d'après une des revendications de 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de sertissage (9) dans le domaine de son extrémité (49) située en aval forme au périmètre extérieur un élément d'assurage (51), en ce que notamment l'élément d'assurage (51) est obtenue par une déformation permanente due à la flexion du moyen de sertissage (9) et en ce que de préférence la deuxième unité (3) en position initiale est adjacente à l'élément d'assurage au moyen d'un contre-élément (52).
  8. Distributeur d'après une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de fermeture (22) présentent un obturateur (25) ouvrant sous la pression de la matière, en ce que notamment l'obturateur (25) est mobile parallèlement par rapport à l'axe du moyen d'évacuation de matière (17) et en ce que de préférence un mouvement de fermeture automatique de l'obturateur (25) est orienté en direction d'écoulement de la matière.
  9. Distributeur d'après une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la surface de fermeture est prévue à l'extrémité d'un tenon (25, 26) de l'obturateur, gradué dans le domaine du moyen d'évacuation de matières (17).
  10. Distributeur d'après une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un piston pilote (27) de l'obturateur (25) des moyens de fermeture (22) est axialement chevauché essentiellement dans toutes ses positions, au périmètre intérieur ainsi qu'extérieur, par des surfaces de guidage en position fixe du moyen de guidage des matières (20), en ce que notamment le piston pilote (27) délimite sur le périmètre entièrement un conduit (31, 56) qui le traverse du moyen de guidage des matières (20) et en ce que de préférence le piston pilote (27) est disposé sur une enveloppe de conduit (34) du moyen de guidage des matières (20) située devant lui en amont.
  11. Distributeur d'après la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'un obturateur (25) des moyens de fermeture (22) est déplaçable en position de fermeture par un ressort de rappel (29) en forme de soufflet, en ce que notamment le ressort de rappel (29) présente une enveloppe axialement déformable à pas spiralé et en ce que de préférence le ressort de rappel (29) fait suite par une extrémité directement et d'une seule pièce au piston pilote (27).
  12. Distributeur d'après la revendication 6 ou d'après une des revendications précédentes de 7 à 11 en combinaison avec la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le moyen d'évacuation des matières (17) est prévu à l'extrémité d'une tubulure de décharge (15) présentant une ampleur réduite et que l'extrémité d'un ressort de rappel (29) située en amont est assurée en position axialement fixe à l'intérieur de la tubulure de décharge (15) au moyen d'un corps de retenue (30), en ce que notamment le corps de retenue (30) est raccordé au ressort de rappel (29) de manière fixe ou encore d'une seule pièce et en ce que de préférence le corps de retenue (30) est raccordé avec un élément d'accouplement (35) séparé de la pompe (6) pour un raccordement étanche aux germes avec un piston-poussoir d'actionnement (11).
  13. Distributeur d'après une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on prévoit un corps d'étanchement (60) avec une enveloppe d'étanchéité (62) entourant le corps de base (12) pour l'étanchement du moyen de guidage de fluide (21) ou similaires, en ce que notamment l'enveloppe d'étanchéité (62) est étroitement adjacente, à l'intérieur d'un espace réservoir (19) et au moins le long d'un tiers de sa longueur, au périmètre extérieur du corps de base (12) et qu'elle peut être élargie par une sous-pression dans l'espace à matières (19) et en ce que de préférence l'enveloppe d'étanchéité (62) est adjacente avec une précontrainte radiale au corps de base (12) par deux lèvres d'étanchéité (66) axialement écartées, la contre-surface du corps de base ne présentant pas de creux au moins dans le domaine d'une des lèvres d'étanchéité (66).
EP97110710A 1996-07-05 1997-07-01 Distributeur pour fluides Expired - Lifetime EP0815946B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19627228 1996-07-05
DE19627228A DE19627228A1 (de) 1996-07-05 1996-07-05 Austragvorrichtung für Medien

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0815946A2 EP0815946A2 (fr) 1998-01-07
EP0815946A3 EP0815946A3 (fr) 1998-05-20
EP0815946B1 true EP0815946B1 (fr) 2003-09-10

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US (1) US5988449A (fr)
EP (1) EP0815946B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH1072073A (fr)
KR (1) KR980008348A (fr)
CN (1) CN1082397C (fr)
AR (1) AR007710A1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE249284T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU730007B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR9703875A (fr)
CA (1) CA2209499C (fr)
DE (2) DE19627228A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0815946T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2203737T3 (fr)
TR (1) TR199700586A2 (fr)

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Also Published As

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AU2845697A (en) 1998-01-15
ATE249284T1 (de) 2003-09-15
ES2203737T3 (es) 2004-04-16
AU730007B2 (en) 2001-02-22
TR199700586A2 (xx) 1998-01-21
MX9705059A (es) 1998-05-31
CN1082397C (zh) 2002-04-10
AR007710A1 (es) 1999-11-10
EP0815946A2 (fr) 1998-01-07
DE59710712D1 (de) 2003-10-16
CA2209499A1 (fr) 1998-01-05
EP0815946A3 (fr) 1998-05-20
KR980008348A (ko) 1998-04-30
JPH1072073A (ja) 1998-03-17
DK0815946T3 (da) 2004-01-05
CN1172699A (zh) 1998-02-11
CA2209499C (fr) 2006-09-19
DE19627228A1 (de) 1998-01-08
US5988449A (en) 1999-11-23
BR9703875A (pt) 1998-10-06

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