EP0813218B1 - Trip device for overload circuit breaker - Google Patents

Trip device for overload circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0813218B1
EP0813218B1 EP97890097A EP97890097A EP0813218B1 EP 0813218 B1 EP0813218 B1 EP 0813218B1 EP 97890097 A EP97890097 A EP 97890097A EP 97890097 A EP97890097 A EP 97890097A EP 0813218 B1 EP0813218 B1 EP 0813218B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
trip device
holding force
tripping
coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97890097A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0813218A2 (en
EP0813218A3 (en
Inventor
Tibor Dipl.-Ing.Dr Polgar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Felten and Guilleaume Austria AG
Original Assignee
Felten and Guilleaume Austria AG
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Publication date
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Priority to AT97890097T priority Critical patent/ATE297052T1/en
Publication of EP0813218A2 publication Critical patent/EP0813218A2/en
Publication of EP0813218A3 publication Critical patent/EP0813218A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0813218B1 publication Critical patent/EP0813218B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/44—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release having means for introducing a predetermined time delay
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2454—Electromagnetic mechanisms characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2463—Electromagnetic mechanisms with plunger type armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/26—Electromagnetic mechanisms with windings acting in opposition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tripping device for an overcurrent breaking device, such as e.g. Circuit breaker comprising a switch-actuated tripping armature, which can be actuated by a coil through which a current to be monitored flows, wherein the trigger armature indirectly by means of at least one elastic Coupling link and optionally one or more auxiliary anchors with the trip anchor connected, can be actuated by the coil directly movable magnetic armature.
  • overcurrent shutdown devices are essentially on the one hand fuses-they are only usable for a single shutdown and on the other re-activatable, therefore repeatedly usable circuit breaker in use.
  • this selectivity is due to the melting of the Melting wire required heating power, which is proportional to the square of the amperage and the duration of action of the overcurrent is determined.
  • thermo-bimetallic strip which bimetallic strip is analogous to the enamel wires proportional to the square of Current and time deform and delayed by this deformation the Enable switching operation of the short-circuit current tripping.
  • bimetallic strips represent components that are mechanically precisely adjusted on the one hand and on the other hand require additional electrical connections. In summary So they bring a significant complication of the circuit breaker construction and thus a Deterioration of functional reliability and a more complicated production with it.
  • DE-C-438 518 shows a trigger of an overcurrent relay comprising a coil and an armature movable therefrom. Furthermore, a displaceable rod is provided, which is coupled to the armature via a helical compression spring. On the rod acts a timer, which allows a slow movement of the rod.
  • GB-PS-522 303 corresponds in function and structure substantially to DE-C-438 518 :
  • the object of the invention is a triggering device of the type mentioned which has a selective triggering behavior, but only a few few, insensitive and easy to install to the conventional trip coil Has to be added components.
  • Circuit breaker comprising a switch-actuated tripping armature, which can be actuated by a coil through which a current to be monitored flows, the object is achieved in that the release anchor only in his Rest position is held with a predetermined holding force, and after exceeding this holding force starts moving suddenly.
  • the holding force on force generated by mechanical means resulting in a robust and compact design of the triggering device according to the invention leads.
  • the holding force is a static friction force which is producible by components in contact with the triggering armature.
  • the Holding force by acting on the trigger armature resilient components such. a Snap spring is generated.
  • the Holding force a magnetic, by at least one acting on the trigger anchor Permanent or electromagnet generated force.
  • the holding force acting on the release armature changeable is because so the time delay of the triggering process changeable and with a switching device according to the invention provided switching device on him downstream protective devices is adjustable.
  • the Holding force is variable depending on the strength of the monitored current.
  • the triggering device can be realized; depending on the size of the Short-circuit current increases the relative switch-off delay automatically.
  • the holding force of a Electromagnet which is directly proportional to the current to be monitored Electricity is flowing, can be generated.
  • Another feature of the invention may be that the at least one elastic Coupling member is formed by a coil spring, because such components have little space but at the same time have good and constant elasticity.
  • the magnetic armature is at least partially disposed in the interior of the coil.
  • the magnetic anchor is exactly predictable by the magnetic forces of the current to be monitored.
  • the Trigger armature is located inside the coil, the release armature is not off magnetizable material is formed.
  • the magnet armature as unilaterally closed pipe section is formed and that the triggering armature and the at least one coupling member at least are partially disposed within the cavity formed by the magnet armature.
  • the release anchor a passing through the magnet armature, preferably parallel to the longitudinal axis of the Coil extending approach has on which approach the holding force acts.
  • the holding force introducing components can be arranged outside of the coil be so that they are arranged in the interior of the coil components in their Do not obstruct freedom of movement in any way.
  • the tripping device for an overcurrent disconnecting device shown in Fig. 1, e.g. Circuit breaker, has a magnetic armature 5 consisting of a magnetizable Material such as iron, which magnetic armature 5 of a coil. 3 is directly movable.
  • the current flowing through the coil 3 is the to be monitored and optionally off current itself.
  • a trip anchor 1 provided, which can operate a switching mechanism 20, which 20 switching mechanism to from monitoring current flowing through contacts 21 opens.
  • This operation can be as in the drawing shown on an integrally formed on the trigger anchor 1 trigger pin. 2 take place, alternatively, however, also carried out directly from the release anchor 1 itself become.
  • release armature 1 and magnetic armature 5 are connected to each other by an elastic coupling member 4, which is formed in the simplest case by a coil spring.
  • the release armature 1 is not freely movable, but held with a predetermined holding force F H in its rest position.
  • a return spring 6 is provided, which is supported on the one hand on the release armature 1 and the other on a-only symbolically represented-housing part 7.
  • Said triggering can be divided into two trigger phases, which are described below.
  • a first the occurrence of the overcurrent immediately following the tripping phase, the overcurrent generated via the coil 3 a magnetic field proportional to its strength, which moves the magnetic armature 5 in the direction of the tripping armature 1.
  • This movement is transmitted via the elastic coupling member 4 on the release armature 1, which, however, provisionally still-due to the holding force F H acting on it remains - in its rest position.
  • the coupling member 4 is biased more and more, whereby the force acting on the trigger armature 1 increases.
  • magnetic armature 5 and coupling member 4 represent a vibration system which is energized by the magnetic force generated by the overcurrent.
  • the time required by the magnetic armature 5 to bias the coupling member until the holding force F H is exceeded and the trigger armature 1 is deflected from its rest position results in the time delay, the selectivity of the tripping device according to the invention.
  • the second tripping phase occurs.
  • the release armature 1 comes suddenly in motion, whereby the switching mechanism 20 is actuated and subsequently the contacts 21 of the overcurrent protection device are opened.
  • the now coupled masses of magnet 5 and tripping armature 1, in cooperation with the return spring 6, constitute the oscillation system.
  • the triggering is summarized so not by a direct through the overcurrent actuated armature initiated, but takes place indirectly by the movement of the means of elastic coupling member 4 connected to the trigger armature 1, from the coil. 3 directly movable magnetic armature 5.
  • the time delay of the triggering is essentially in the first triggering phase created. It is characterized by the mechanical properties of the vibration system -Magnet anchor mass, Spring rate of the coupling member 4 and Magnet Ankerhub- and through the Current determined.
  • the current force is known to be proportional to the square of the current, Consequently, the movement of the magnetic armature 5.
  • the delay to Current square proportional just as in the aforementioned known, electrothermal functioning delay devices.
  • auxiliary armature 11 to be arranged between the magnet 5 and the tripping armature 1.
  • these auxiliary anchors 11 are mechanically connected via further elastic coupling members 40 and are acted upon analogously to the release anchor 1 in their rest positions with holding forces F H.
  • Such a mechanical series connection of several anchors leads to an addition of their holding forces F H as well as to an enlargement of the deflection path to be traveled by the magnet armature 5 and thus to an extension of the delay time.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b show examples of the holding force generation by mechanical means.
  • the holding force F H is a static friction force, which is produced by standing in contact with the trigger armature 1 components 8, which pinch the trigger armature 1 between them.
  • the alternative according to FIG. 3 b provides for the holding force F H to be generated by resilient components 9, such as a snap spring, acting on the release armature 1.
  • This snap spring 9 is designed as a clamped on both sides and biased against the direction of movement of the trigger armature 1 leaf spring. If the force acting on it is large enough, it bends against its biasing direction, allowing movement of the trigger armature 1.
  • holding force F H is a magnetic force generated by at least one acting on the tripping armature 1 permanent or electromagnet force. Examples of these are shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6. These drawings illustrate practical embodiments of the invention.
  • the coil 3 is arranged on a non-magnetic winding body 10, wherein the Magnetic armature 5 is arranged in sections inside the coil 3. Furthermore, there is a yoke 23 provided of magnetizable material, the majority outside the coil. 3 runs and has a projection 24, which is closer to the switching mechanism 20 located at the end of Spool 3 protrudes into this.
  • the magnetic field generated by a coil current closes via the yoke 23, the magnet armature 5, the working air gap a and the yoke 24.
  • This structure corresponds to the conventional, conventional design of a Magnetic release.
  • the trigger armature 1 is disposed inside the coil 3, must however, of non-magnetizable material, e.g. Aluminum or plastic be formed so that it is not moved by the magnetic forces generated by the coil 3 becomes.
  • the magnet armature 5 is formed as a closed side pipe section, wherein the Tripping armature 1 and the coupling member 4 within the magnetic anchor 5 formed Cavity are arranged.
  • the release armature 1 has a release pin 2 extending out of the coil 3 and is analogous to the illustration of Figure 1 by a return spring 6 in its rest position brought.
  • this one has passing through the magnet armature 5, preferably parallel to the longitudinal axis of the Coil 3 extending approach 12. This has freely accessible and therefore with forces loadable sections.
  • the approach 12 is not mandatory to provide, within the meaning of the invention, it is equally possible to let the holding forces F H act directly on the trip anchor 1.
  • the components required for this would have to be arranged in the interior of the coil 3, if appropriate recesses for them in the magnetic armature 5 are provided, so that it is not hindered in its freedom of movement.
  • the holding force F H in this embodiment is generated by magnetic means, specifically by means of a permanent magnet 13.
  • an anchor 26 is set at the upper end of the neck 12. Together with the yoke 25, which simultaneously serves as a mechanical support for the permanent magnet 13 according to Figure 4, and the permanent magnet 13, the armature 26 forms a magnetic circuit for the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 13.
  • the distance d between magnet 5 and release armature 1 may be smaller than the distance a between magnet armature 5 and Jochansatz 24, so that is ensured that at the end of the possible path of movement of Magnetic anchor 5 -er then meets the yoke approach 24 on the release anchor 1, the switch lock 20 has pressed.
  • Figure 5 is consistent with that of Figure 4 largely the same, but here is the permanent magnet 13 by an electromagnet - formed from winding 15 and yoke 25- replaced.
  • the permanent magnet 13 by an electromagnet - formed from winding 15 and yoke 25- replaced.
  • 12th connected armature 26 is provided which forms a magnetic circuit with the yoke 25.
  • a separate component 14 is provided for the mechanical support of the electromagnet.
  • a separate component 14 is provided for the Dimensioning of the distances is what is said in the description of Fig.4.
  • the change in the holding force F H can also be done here again on the adjustment of the lengths of the air gaps 27,28. It is particularly advantageous not to provide the air gaps 27, so the armature 26 to rest on the yoke 25 and to make the inside of the winding 15 extending portion 25 'of the yoke 25 in the longitudinal direction of the winding 15 slidably. Thus, the holding force F H can be adjusted by mechanical means.
  • the holding force F H can also be changed by changing the current flowing through the winding 15.
  • the variability of the holding force F H is by no means limited to magnetic force generation.
  • components 8 may be slidably disposed whereby the contact pressure on the release armature 1 and thus the holding force F H can be changed.
  • the holding force F H is variable as a function of the strength of the current to be monitored.
  • this can be realized in a particularly simple manner by virtue of the fact that the current flowing through the winding 15 is directly proportional to the current to be monitored.
  • the mentioned proportionality is most easily achieved in that the overcurrent itself flows through the winding 15 of the electromagnet.
  • the coil 3 and the winding 15 are connected in series with one another.
  • coil 3 and winding 15 could, however, also be connected in parallel -Vgl. dashed connecting lines 18, 19;
  • 15 series impedances can be switched in branch of the winding to adjust the current flowing through the winding 15 and thus the generated holding force F H.
  • a preferred field of application of the described triggering device according to the invention is in use in circuit breakers, but this is the application in other, over-current disconnecting devices should not exclude.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Auslöse-Einrichtung für ein Überstrom-Abschaltgerät, wie z.B. Leitungsschutzschalter, umfassend einen ein Schaltschloß betätigenden Auslöse-Anker, welcher von einer von einem zu überwachenden Strom durchflossenen Spule betätigbar ist, wobei der Auslöse-Anker indirekt durch einen mittels zumindest einem elastischen Koppelglied und gegebenenfalls einem oder mehreren Hilfsankern mit dem Auslöse-Anker verbundenen, von der Spule unmittelbar bewegbaren Magnet-Anker betätigbar ist. An Überstrom-Abschaltgeräten sind im wesentlichen einerseits Schmelzsicherungen -sie sind lediglich für einen einzigen Abschaltvorgang verwendbar- und andererseits wiedereinschaltbare, daher mehrmals verwendbare Sicherungsautomaten in Verwendung.The invention relates to a tripping device for an overcurrent breaking device, such as e.g. Circuit breaker comprising a switch-actuated tripping armature, which can be actuated by a coil through which a current to be monitored flows, wherein the trigger armature indirectly by means of at least one elastic Coupling link and optionally one or more auxiliary anchors with the trip anchor connected, can be actuated by the coil directly movable magnetic armature. On overcurrent shutdown devices are essentially on the one hand fuses-they are only usable for a single shutdown and on the other re-activatable, therefore repeatedly usable circuit breaker in use.

In einer elektrischen Anlage wird im Normalfall in der Zuleitung ein Überlast-Schutz der angeführten Bauweisen vorgesehen, bevor sich diese Zuleitung in eine Vielzahl von parallel zueinander geschaltenen Stromkreisen aufteilt. In jedem dieser Stromkreise sind eigene Schutzvorrichtungen -in der Regel bestehend aus Personenschutz (FI-Schutzschalter od. dgl.) und Anlagenschutz (Leitungsschutzschalter, Schmelzsicherungen od. dgl.)- vorgesehen. Gegebenenfalls können sich diese Stromkreise ihrerseits erneut in weitere, ebenso durch Schutzvorrichtungen gesicherte weitere Unter-Stromkreise aufteilen.In an electrical system is usually in the supply line overload protection of cited construction methods provided before this supply line in a variety of parallel divides circuits connected to each other. In each of these circuits are own Protective devices -in the rule consisting of personal protection (FI-circuit breaker od. Like.) and system protection (circuit breaker, fuses od. Like.) - Provided. If necessary, these circuits can turn into further, as well by Safeguards split further sub-circuits.

Bei einer solchen Schaltungsstruktur kommt es zu einer Serienschaltung der Schutzvorrichtungen von Zuleitung, Stromkreis und Unter-Stromkreis.In such a circuit structure, there is a series connection of Protection of supply line, circuit and sub-circuit.

Tritt nun in einem Unter-Stromkreis ein unzulässig hoher Strom auf, so ist es wünschenswert, wenn lediglich der diesem Unter-Stromkreis zugeordnete Schutzschalter auslöst und damit seinen Unter-Stromkreis vom Netz trennt, sämtliche vorgeschalteten Schutzschalter jedoch eingeschaltet und damit alle störungsfreien Stromkreise und Unter-Stromkreise mit dem Netz verbunden bleiben. Erst wenn der auftretende Überstrom so groß ist, daß er nicht mehr vom Schutzschalter des Unter-Stromkreises abgeschaltet werden kann, soll der übergeordnete Schalter ansprechen. Ein solches, zeitverzögertes Schalten des vorgeordneten Schalters wird als "Selektivität" bezeichnet.If an inadmissibly high current occurs in a subcircuit, it is desirable to if only the circuit breaker associated with this subcircuit triggers and thus disconnects its sub-circuit from the mains, however, all upstream circuit breakers switched on and thus all trouble-free circuits and sub-circuits with the network stay connected. Only when the occurring overcurrent is so great that it is no longer from the Circuit breaker of the sub-circuit can be turned off, the parent Address switch. Such a time-delayed switching of the upstream switch is referred to as "selectivity".

Bei Schmelzsicherungen wird diese Selektivität durch die für das Schmelzen des Schmelzdrahtes benötigte Heizleistung, die proportional zum Quadrat der Stromstärke und der Einwirkungs-Zeitdauer des Überstromes ist, bestimmt.For fuses, this selectivity is due to the melting of the Melting wire required heating power, which is proportional to the square of the amperage and the duration of action of the overcurrent is determined.

Auf dem Gebiet der Leitungsschutzschalter werden in der Regel zwei Auslöseeinrichtungen vorgesehen. Eine erste Einrichtung ist für die Abschaltung von nur geringfügig über dem Anlagen-Nennstrom liegenden, über längere Zeiträume einwirkende Überströme vorgesehen. Die zweite, sogenannte Kurzschluß-Strom-Auslösung wird üblicherweise durch eine vom zu überwachenden Strom durchflossene Spule mit beweglichem, die Abschaltung bewirkenden Anker realisiert. Um die im Zusammenhang mit den Schmelzsicherungen erläuterte Heizleistungs- und damit stromstärken- und zeitabhängige Verzögerung nachzubilden, werden vom zu überwachenden Strom durchflossene Thermo-Bimetallstreifen verwendet, welche Bimetallstreifen sich analog zu den Schmelzdrähten proportional zum Quadrat der Stromstärke und der Zeit verformen und durch diese Verformung zeitverzögert die Schalthandlung der Kurzschluß-Strom-Auslösung ermöglichen. In the field of circuit breakers are usually two tripping devices intended. A first device is for switching off only slightly above that Plant rated current lying over longer periods acting overcurrents provided. The second, so-called short-circuit current tripping is usually by a from to monitoring current flowing through coil with moving, causing the shutdown Anchor realized. To that explained in connection with the fuses To simulate the heating power and hence the current-dependent and time-dependent delay, are used by the current to be monitored through the flow of thermo-bimetallic strip, which bimetallic strip is analogous to the enamel wires proportional to the square of Current and time deform and delayed by this deformation the Enable switching operation of the short-circuit current tripping.

Diese Bimetall-Streifen stellen Bauteile dar, die einerseits mechanisch exakt justiert werden müssen und andererseits zusätzliche elektrische Verbindungen erfordern. Zusammenfassend bringen sie also eine deutliche Verkomplizierung des Schutzschalter-Aufbaus und somit eine Verschlechterung der Funktionszuverlässigkeit und eine umständlichere Herstellung mit sich.These bimetallic strips represent components that are mechanically precisely adjusted on the one hand and on the other hand require additional electrical connections. In summary So they bring a significant complication of the circuit breaker construction and thus a Deterioration of functional reliability and a more complicated production with it.

Die DE-C-438 518 zeigt einen Auslöser eines Überstromrelais umfassend eine Spule und einen von dieser bewegbaren Anker. Weiters ist eine verschiebbare Stange vorgesehen, die mit dem Anker über eine Schraubendruckfeder verkoppelt ist. Auf die Stange wirkt ein Zeitwerk ein, welches eine nur langsame Bewegung der Stange zuläßt. DE-C-438 518 shows a trigger of an overcurrent relay comprising a coil and an armature movable therefrom. Furthermore, a displaceable rod is provided, which is coupled to the armature via a helical compression spring. On the rod acts a timer, which allows a slow movement of the rod.

Die GB-PS-522 303 entspricht in Funktion und Aufbau im wesentlichen der DE-C-438 518: GB-PS-522 303 corresponds in function and structure substantially to DE-C-438 518 :

Auch hier gibt es eine Zylinderspule, innerhalb derer ein rohrartiger Magnetanker angeordnet ist. Im Inneren dieses Magnetankers liegt eine Schraubendruckfeder, welche sich einerends am Magnetanker und andererends an der kragenförmigen Erweiterung einer Stange abstützt. Diese Stange ist den Magnetanker durchragend ausgebildet und steht mit einem Zeitwerk in Verbindung. Wird die Zylinderspule von einem Überstrom durchflossen, wird der Magnetanker nach oben gezogen und dabei die Druckfeder komprimiert, weil die Stange vorläufig vom Zeitwerk festgehalten wird. In weiterer Folge dehnt sich die Druckfeder aus und bewegt dabei die Stange nach oben, wobei diese Bewegung so wie bei der DE-C-438 518 durch das Zeitwerk gehemmt und damit verlangsamt wird.Again, there is a cylindrical coil within which a tubular magnet armature is arranged. Inside this magnet armature is a helical compression spring, which is supported at one end on the armature and the other end of the collar-shaped extension of a rod. This rod is formed by the armature piercing and communicates with a timer. If the solenoid is traversed by an overcurrent, the armature is pulled up while compressing the compression spring, because the rod is temporarily held by the timer. As a result, the compression spring expands, moving the rod upwards, this movement being inhibited by the timer as in DE-C-438 518 and thus slowed down.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Auslöse-Einrichtung der eingangs erwähnten Art anzugeben, welche ein selektives Auslöse-Verhalten aufweist, hiefür jedoch nur einige wenige, unempfindliche und einfach einzubauende zur herkömmlichen Auslöse-Spule hinzutretende Bauteile aufweist.The object of the invention is a triggering device of the type mentioned which has a selective triggering behavior, but only a few few, insensitive and easy to install to the conventional trip coil Has to be added components.

Weitere Aufgaben der Erfindung sind darin gelegen, möglichst einfache Arten der Erzeugung besagter Haltekraft, Möglichkeiten zur Verstellung der Selektivität sowie in der Praxis umsetzbare, funktionszuverlässige Konstruktionsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Auslöseeinrichtung anzugeben. Dies wird durch die in den Unteransprüchen angeführten Maßnahmen erreicht.Other objects of the invention are located therein, the simplest possible ways of generating said holding power, options for adjusting the selectivity and in practice implementable, functionally reliable design examples of the invention Indicate triggering device. This is achieved by the recited in the subclaims Measures achieved.

Bei einer Auslöse-Einrichtung für ein Überstrom-Abschaltgerät, wie z.B. Leitungsschutzschalter, umfassend einen ein Schaltschloß betätigenden Auslöse-Anker, welcher von einer von einem zu überwachenden Strom durchflossenen Spule betätigbar ist, wird die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der Auslöse-Anker lediglich in seiner Ruheposition mit einer vorgebbaren Haltekraft gehalten ist, und sich nach Überschreiten dieser Haltekraft sprunghaft in Bewegung setzt.In a tripping device for an overcurrent shutdown device, such. Circuit breaker comprising a switch-actuated tripping armature, which can be actuated by a coil through which a current to be monitored flows, the object is achieved in that the release anchor only in his Rest position is held with a predetermined holding force, and after exceeding this holding force starts moving suddenly.

Es ist damit eine Zeitverzögerung der Schalthandlung durch elektro-mechanische Maßnahmen bzw. Anordungen möglich, was gegenüber elektrothermisch-mechanischen Lösungen wesentlich funktionszuverlässiger ist.It is thus a time delay of the switching action by electro-mechanical measures or arrangements possible, which compared to electrothermal-mechanical solutions is much more functionally reliable.

Nach einer ersten Variante der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Haltekraft eine auf mechanischem Weg erzeugte Kraft ist, was zu einer robusten und kompakten Bauweise der erfindungsgemäßen Auslöse-Einrichtung führt.According to a first variant of the invention can be provided that the holding force on force generated by mechanical means, resulting in a robust and compact design of the triggering device according to the invention leads.

In diesem Zusammenhang kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Haltekraft eine Haftreibungs-Kraft ist, welche durch mit dem Auslöse-Anker in Berührung stehende Bauteile erzeugbar ist. In this context, it may be provided that the holding force is a static friction force which is producible by components in contact with the triggering armature.

Durch Veränderung des durch die Bauteile auf den Auslöse-Anker ausgeübten Auflagedruck kann die Haltekraft besonders einfach eingestellt werden.By changing the contact pressure exerted by the components on the release armature the holding force can be adjusted very easily.

Gemäß einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Haltekraft durch auf den Auslöse-Anker einwirkende federnde Bauteile, wie z.B. eine Schnappfeder erzeugbar ist.According to another embodiment of the invention can be provided that the Holding force by acting on the trigger armature resilient components, such. a Snap spring is generated.

Damit können auf einfache Weise relativ große Haltekräfte und damit starke Zeitverzögerungen realisiert werden.This can easily relatively large holding forces and thus strong Time delays are realized.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Haltekraft eine magnetische, durch zumindest einen auf den Auslöse-Anker einwirkenden Dauer- oder Elektromagneten erzeugte Kraft ist.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention can be provided that the Holding force a magnetic, by at least one acting on the trigger anchor Permanent or electromagnet generated force.

Solche Systeme zeigen relativ genau vorhersagbare und gegenüber Umwelteinflüssen konstante magnetische Eigenschaften, sodaß mit ihnen versehene Auslöse-Einrichtungen über die Lebensdauer nahezu gleichbleibende Zeitverzögerungen aufweisen.Such systems show relatively accurately predictable and environmental influences constant magnetic properties, so that provided with triggering devices about the lifetime have almost constant time delays.

Vorteilhaft kann es sein, daß die auf den Auslöse-Anker einwirkende Haltekraft veränderbar ist, weil damit die zeitliche Verzögerung des Auslöse-Vorganges veränderbar und das mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Auslöse-Einrichtung versehene Schaltgerät auf die ihm nachgeschalteten Schutzeinrichtungen einstellbar ist.It may be advantageous that the holding force acting on the release armature changeable is because so the time delay of the triggering process changeable and with a switching device according to the invention provided switching device on him downstream protective devices is adjustable.

In diesem Zusammenhang kann es besonders vorteilhaft sein, wenn vorgesehen ist, daß die Haltekraft in Abhängigkeit der Stärke des zu überwachenden Stromes veränderbar ist. Damit ist ein adaptives Verhalten der Auslöse-Vorrichtung realisierbar; je nach Größe des Kurzschlußstromes vergrößert sich die relative Abschaltverzögerung automatisch.In this context, it may be particularly advantageous if it is provided that the Holding force is variable depending on the strength of the monitored current. For an adaptive behavior of the triggering device can be realized; depending on the size of the Short-circuit current increases the relative switch-off delay automatically.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Haltekraft von einem Elektromagneten, welcher von einem dem zu überwachenden Strom direkt proportionalen Strom durchflossen ist, erzeugbar ist.In a further development of the invention can be provided that the holding force of a Electromagnet, which is directly proportional to the current to be monitored Electricity is flowing, can be generated.

Dies erlaubt eine besonders einfache und funktionszuverlässige Realisierung der vorstehend beschriebenen stromabhängigen Haltekraft-Veränderung.This allows a particularly simple and functionally reliable implementation of the above described current-dependent holding force change.

Ein weiteres Merkmal der Erfindung kann sein, daß das zumindest eine elastische Koppelglied durch eine Schraubenfeder gebildet ist, weil solche Bauteile wenig Platz erfordern, gleichzeitig jedoch gute und konstantbleibende Elastizität aufweisen.Another feature of the invention may be that the at least one elastic Coupling member is formed by a coil spring, because such components have little space but at the same time have good and constant elasticity.

Nach einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, daß der Magnet-Anker zumindest abschnittsweise im Inneren der Spule angeordnet ist. Damit ist der Magnet-Anker auf genau vorhersagbare Weise durch die magnetischen Kräfte des zu überwachenden Stromes bewegbar.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention can be provided that the magnetic armature is at least partially disposed in the interior of the coil. Thus, the magnetic anchor is exactly predictable by the magnetic forces of the current to be monitored.

In Weiterbildung obiger bevorzugter Ausführungsform kann vorgesehen sein, daß auch der Auslöse-Anker im Inneren der Spule angeordnet ist, wobei der Auslöse-Anker aus nicht magnetisierbarem Material gebildet ist.In development of the above preferred embodiment can be provided that the Trigger armature is located inside the coil, the release armature is not off magnetizable material is formed.

Damit ergibt sich eine relativ kompakte Baugröße der Auslöse-Einrichtung.This results in a relatively compact size of the triggering device.

Weiters kann vorgesehen sein, daß der Magnet-Anker als einseitig geschlossenes Rohrstück ausgebildet ist und daß der Auslöse-Anker und das zumindest eine Koppelglied zumindest teilweise innerhalb des vom Magnet-Anker gebildeten Hohlraumes angeordnet sind. Dies erlaubt eine weitere geometrische Verkleinerung der erfindungsgemäßen Auslöse-Einrichtung, sie ist im wesentlichen nur noch von der Größe der Spule abhängig, außerhalb dieser gibt es keine beweglichen Bauteile mehr.Furthermore, it can be provided that the magnet armature as unilaterally closed pipe section is formed and that the triggering armature and the at least one coupling member at least are partially disposed within the cavity formed by the magnet armature. This allows a further geometric reduction of the tripping device according to the invention, it is essentially only dependent on the size of the coil, outside There are no moving parts anymore.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, daß der Auslöse-Anker einen durch den Magnet-Anker hindurchreichenden, vorzugsweise parallel zur Längsachse der Spule verlaufenden Ansatz aufweist, auf welchen Ansatz die Haltekraft einwirkt.In a further embodiment of the invention can be provided that the release anchor a passing through the magnet armature, preferably parallel to the longitudinal axis of the Coil extending approach has on which approach the holding force acts.

Somit können die die Haltekraft einleitenden Bauteile außerhalb der Spule angeordnet werden, sodaß diese die im Innernen der Spule angeordneten Bauteile in ihrer Bewegungsfreiheit in keiner Weise behindern.Thus, the holding force introducing components can be arranged outside of the coil be so that they are arranged in the interior of the coil components in their Do not obstruct freedom of movement in any way.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden an Hand der beigeschlossenen Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine schematische Schnitt-Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Auslöse-Einrichtung im Aufriß;
  • Fig.2 die Auslöse-Einrichtung nach Fig.1 mit einem zusätzlichen Hilfsanker;
  • Fig.3a,b die Auslöse-Einrichtung nach Fig.1 mit Bauteilen zur mechanischen Aufbringung der Haltekraft;
  • Fig.4 eine mögliche konkrete Ausführung der Erfindung im Aufriß im Schnitt;
  • Fig.5 eine andere mögliche Ausführung der erfindungsgemäßen Auslöse-Einrichtung im Aufriß im Schnitt und
  • Fig.6 die Ausführung nach Fig.5 ergänzt um zwei mögliche Varianten der elektrischen Beschaltung der Auslöse-Einrichtung.
    • The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Showing:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a tripping device according to the invention in elevation.
  • 2 shows the triggering device of Figure 1 with an additional auxiliary anchor.
  • 3a, b, the triggering device of Figure 1 with components for the mechanical application of the holding force.
  • 4 shows a possible concrete embodiment of the invention in elevation in section;
  • 5 shows another possible embodiment of the tripping device according to the invention in elevation in section and
  • Fig.6 the embodiment of Figure 5 supplemented by two possible variants of the electrical wiring of the tripping device.

    • Die in Fig.1 dargestellte Auslöse-Einrichtung für ein Überstrom-Abschaltgerät, wie z.B. Leitungsschutzschalter, weist einen Magnet-Anker 5 bestehend aus einem magnetisierbaren Material wie beispielsweise Eisen auf, welcher Magnet-Anker 5 von einer Spule 3 unmittelbar bewegbar ist. Der die Spule 3 durchfließende Strom ist der zu überwachende und gegebenenfalls abzuschaltende Strom selbst. Desweiteren ist ein Auslöse-Anker 1 vorgesehen, der ein Schaltschloß 20 betätigen kann, welches Schaltschloß 20 die vom zu überwachenden Strom durchflossenen Kontakte 21 öffnet. Diese Betätigung kann so wie in der Zeichnung dargestellt über einen an den Auslöse-Anker 1 angeformten Auslöse-Stift 2 erfolgen, alternativ dazu jedoch auch direkt vom Auslöse-Anker 1 selbst durchgeführt werden.The tripping device for an overcurrent disconnecting device shown in Fig. 1, e.g. Circuit breaker, has a magnetic armature 5 consisting of a magnetizable Material such as iron, which magnetic armature 5 of a coil. 3 is directly movable. The current flowing through the coil 3 is the to be monitored and optionally off current itself. Furthermore, a trip anchor 1 provided, which can operate a switching mechanism 20, which 20 switching mechanism to from monitoring current flowing through contacts 21 opens. This operation can be as in the drawing shown on an integrally formed on the trigger anchor 1 trigger pin. 2 take place, alternatively, however, also carried out directly from the release anchor 1 itself become.

    Mechanisch sind Auslöse-Anker 1 und Magnet-Anker 5 durch ein elastisches Koppelglied 4, das im einfachsten Fall durch eine Schraubenfeder gebildet ist, miteinander verbunden. Der Auslöse-Anker 1 ist nicht frei beweglich gelagert, sondern mit einer vorgebbaren Haltekraft FH in seiner Ruheposition gehalten. Um den Auslöse-Anker 1 nach erfolgter Auslösung wieder in seine Ruheposition bringen zu können, ist eine Rückstellfeder 6 vorgesehen, die sich zum einen am Auslöse-Anker 1 und zum anderen an einem -lediglich symolisch dargestellten- Gehäuse-Teil 7 abstützt.Mechanically, release armature 1 and magnetic armature 5 are connected to each other by an elastic coupling member 4, which is formed in the simplest case by a coil spring. The release armature 1 is not freely movable, but held with a predetermined holding force F H in its rest position. In order to bring the release anchor 1 after tripping back into its rest position, a return spring 6 is provided, which is supported on the one hand on the release armature 1 and the other on a-only symbolically represented-housing part 7.

    Durch diese Anordnung wird beim Auftreten eines unzulässig hohen und daher abzuschaltenden Überstromes ein zeitverzögertes Auslösen erreicht.By this arrangement, the occurrence of an inadmissibly high and therefore to be switched off overcurrent reaches a time-delayed tripping.

    Besagtes Auslösen kann in zwei Auslösephasen unterteilt werden, welche nachstehend beschrieben sind. In einer ersten, dem Auftreten des Überstromes unmittelbar nachfolgenden Auslösephase erzeugt der Überstrom über die Spule 3 ein seiner Stärke proportionales Magnetfeld, welches den Magnet-Anker 5 in Richtung des Auslöse-Ankers 1 bewegt. Diese Bewegung wird über das elastische Koppelglied 4 auf den Auslöse-Anker 1 übertragen, welcher jedoch vorläufig noch -bedingt durch die auf ihn wirkende Haltekraft FH- in seiner Ruheposition verbleibt. Bei weiter fortschreitender Auslenkung des Magnet-Ankers 5 wird das Koppelglied 4 immer mehr vorgespannt, wodurch die auf den Auslöse-Anker 1 wirkende Kraft zunimmt. In dieser Auslösephase stellen Magnet-Anker 5 und Koppelglied 4 ein Schwingungssystem dar, welches durch die vom Überstrom erzeugte magnetische Kraft erregt wird. Die Zeit, die der Magnet-Anker 5 benötigt, um das Koppelglied soweit vorzuspannen, bis die Haltekraft FH überschritten und der Auslöse-Anker 1 aus seiner Ruheposition auslenkbar wird, ergibt die Zeitverzögerung, die Selektivität der erfindungsgemäßen Auslöse-Einrichtung. Said triggering can be divided into two trigger phases, which are described below. In a first, the occurrence of the overcurrent immediately following the tripping phase, the overcurrent generated via the coil 3 a magnetic field proportional to its strength, which moves the magnetic armature 5 in the direction of the tripping armature 1. This movement is transmitted via the elastic coupling member 4 on the release armature 1, which, however, provisionally still-due to the holding force F H acting on it remains - in its rest position. With further progressive deflection of the magnetic armature 5, the coupling member 4 is biased more and more, whereby the force acting on the trigger armature 1 increases. In this tripping phase magnetic armature 5 and coupling member 4 represent a vibration system which is energized by the magnetic force generated by the overcurrent. The time required by the magnetic armature 5 to bias the coupling member until the holding force F H is exceeded and the trigger armature 1 is deflected from its rest position results in the time delay, the selectivity of the tripping device according to the invention.

    Sofern die vom Überstrom erzeugte Kraft die Haltekraft FH übersteigt, kommt es zur zweiten Auslösephase. Der Auslöse-Anker 1 kommt dabei sprunghaft in Bewegung, wodurch das Schaltschloß 20 betätigt und in weiterer Folge die Kontakte 21 der Überstromschutzeinrichtung geöffnet werden. In dieser Auslösephase stellen die nun gekoppelten Massen von Magnet- 5 und Auslöse-Anker 1 in Zusammenwirkung mit der Rückstellfeder 6 das Schwingungssystem dar. Dieses funktioniert wie ein herkömmlicher, lediglich aus Spule und Anker gebildeter Magnetauslöser, wobei sich die Erregerkraft aus dem Resultat des Kraftsystems Stromkraft-Haltekraft FH ergibt.If the force generated by the overcurrent exceeds the holding force F H , the second tripping phase occurs. The release armature 1 comes suddenly in motion, whereby the switching mechanism 20 is actuated and subsequently the contacts 21 of the overcurrent protection device are opened. In this tripping phase, the now coupled masses of magnet 5 and tripping armature 1, in cooperation with the return spring 6, constitute the oscillation system. This functions like a conventional magnetic triggler, formed only from coil and armature, the excitation force resulting from the result of the force system Current force holding force F H results.

    Die Auslösung wird zusammenfassend also nicht von einem direkt durch den Überstrom betätigten Anker eingeleitet, sondern erfolgt indirekt durch die Bewegung des mittels dem elastischen Koppelglied 4 mit dem Auslöse-Anker 1 verbundenen, von der Spule 3 unmittelbar bewegbaren Magnet-Anker 5.The triggering is summarized so not by a direct through the overcurrent actuated armature initiated, but takes place indirectly by the movement of the means of elastic coupling member 4 connected to the trigger armature 1, from the coil. 3 directly movable magnetic armature 5.

    Die zeitliche Verzögerung der Auslösung wird im wesentlichen in der ersten Auslösephase erstellt. Sie wird durch die mechanischen Eigenschaften des Schwingungssystems -Magnet-Anker-Masse, Federrate des Koppelgliedes 4 und Magnet-Ankerhub- und durch die Stromkraft bestimmt. Die Stromkraft ist bekannterweise mit dem Stromquadrat proportional, folglich auch die Bewegung des Magnet-Ankers 5. Damit ist auch die Verzögerung zum Stromquadrat proportional, genauso wie bei eingangs erwähnten bekannten, elektrothermisch funktionierenden Verzögerungseinrichtungen.The time delay of the triggering is essentially in the first triggering phase created. It is characterized by the mechanical properties of the vibration system -Magnet anchor mass, Spring rate of the coupling member 4 and Magnet Ankerhub- and through the Current determined. The current force is known to be proportional to the square of the current, Consequently, the movement of the magnetic armature 5. Thus, the delay to Current square proportional, just as in the aforementioned known, electrothermal functioning delay devices.

    Wenngleich dies den Aufbau der erfindungsgemäßen Auslöse-Einrichtung verkomplizieren würde, so ist es durchaus auch vorstellbar, so wie in Fig.2 dargestellt, einen -gegebenenfalls auch mehrere- Hilfs-Anker 11 zwischen dem Magnet- 5 und dem Auslöse-Anker 1 anzuordnen. Untereinander sind diese Hilfsanker 11 über weitere elastische Koppelglieder 40 mechanisch verbunden und sind analog dem Auslöse-Anker 1 in ihren Ruhepositionen mit Haltekräften FH beaufschlagt. Durch eine solche mechanische Serienschaltung von mehreren Ankern kommt es zu einer Addition ihrer Haltekräfte FH sowie zu einer Vergrößerung des vom Magnet-Anker 5 zu durchlaufenden Auslenkungsweges und damit zu einer Verlängerung der Verzögerungszeit.Although this would complicate the structure of the tripping device according to the invention, it is also quite conceivable, as shown in Figure 2, a - possibly even more auxiliary armature 11 to be arranged between the magnet 5 and the tripping armature 1. One behind the other, these auxiliary anchors 11 are mechanically connected via further elastic coupling members 40 and are acted upon analogously to the release anchor 1 in their rest positions with holding forces F H. Such a mechanical series connection of several anchors leads to an addition of their holding forces F H as well as to an enlargement of the deflection path to be traveled by the magnet armature 5 and thus to an extension of the delay time.

    Beschriebene Haltekräfte FH können prinzipiell auf beliebige Weise erzeugt werden. Die Fig.3a und 3b zeigen Beispiele für die Haltekraft-Erzeugung auf mechanischem Weg. Gemäß Fig.3a ist die Haltekraft FH eine Haftreibungs-Kraft, welche durch mit dem Auslöse-Anker 1 in Berührung stehende Bauteile 8, die den Auslöse-Anker 1 zwischen sich einklemmen, erzeugt wird.Described holding forces F H can be generated in principle in any way. FIGS. 3a and 3b show examples of the holding force generation by mechanical means. According to Figure 3a, the holding force F H is a static friction force, which is produced by standing in contact with the trigger armature 1 components 8, which pinch the trigger armature 1 between them.

    Die Alternative nach Fig.3b sieht vor, die Haltekraft FH durch auf den Auslöse-Anker 1 einwirkende federnde Bauteile 9, wie z.B. eine Schnappfeder zu erzeugen. Diese Schnappfeder 9 ist als beidseitig eingespannte und gegen die Bewegungsrichtung des Auslöse-Ankers 1 vorgespannte Blattfeder ausgebildet. Ist die auf sie einwirkende Kraft groß genug, biegt sie sich gegen ihre Vorspann-Richtung und erlaubt damit eine Bewegung des Auslöse-Ankers 1.The alternative according to FIG. 3 b provides for the holding force F H to be generated by resilient components 9, such as a snap spring, acting on the release armature 1. This snap spring 9 is designed as a clamped on both sides and biased against the direction of movement of the trigger armature 1 leaf spring. If the force acting on it is large enough, it bends against its biasing direction, allowing movement of the trigger armature 1.

    Eine zu diesen mechanischen Lösungen konträre Art der Haltekraft-Ausbildung ist darin gelegen, daß die Haltekraft FH eine magnetische, durch zumindest einen auf den Auslöse-Anker 1 einwirkenden Dauer- oder Elektromagneten erzeugte Kraft ist. Beispiele hiefür sind den Fig.4, 5 und 6 zu entnehmen. Diese Zeichnungen stellen in der Praxis verwendbare Ausführungsvarianten der Erfindung dar.A contrary to these mechanical solutions type of holding force training is located in that the holding force F H is a magnetic force generated by at least one acting on the tripping armature 1 permanent or electromagnet force. Examples of these are shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6. These drawings illustrate practical embodiments of the invention.

    Hier ist die Spule 3 auf einem unmagnetischen Wickelkörper 10 angeordnet, wobei der Magnet-Anker 5 abschnittsweise im Inneren der Spule 3 angeordnet ist. Weiters ist ein Joch 23 aus magnetisierbarem Material vorgesehen, das zum Großteil außerhalb der Spule 3 verläuft und einen Ansatz 24 aufweist, der am dem Schaltschloß 20 näher gelegenen Ende der Spule 3 in diese hineinragt. Das von einem Spulenstrom erzeugte Magnetfeld schließt sich über das Joch 23, den Magnet-Anker 5, den Arbeitsluftspalt a und den Jochansatz 24.Here, the coil 3 is arranged on a non-magnetic winding body 10, wherein the Magnetic armature 5 is arranged in sections inside the coil 3. Furthermore, there is a yoke 23 provided of magnetizable material, the majority outside the coil. 3 runs and has a projection 24, which is closer to the switching mechanism 20 located at the end of Spool 3 protrudes into this. The magnetic field generated by a coil current closes via the yoke 23, the magnet armature 5, the working air gap a and the yoke 24.

    Dieser Aufbau entspricht der herkömmlichen, gebräuchlichen Ausführung eines Magnetauslösers. Auch der Auslöse-Anker 1 ist im Inneren der Spule 3 angeordnet, muß dazu allerdings aus nicht magnetisierbarem Material, wie z.B. Aluminium oder Kunststoff gebildet sein, damit er nicht durch die von der Spule 3 erzeugten magnetischen Kräfte bewegt wird.This structure corresponds to the conventional, conventional design of a Magnetic release. Also, the trigger armature 1 is disposed inside the coil 3, must however, of non-magnetizable material, e.g. Aluminum or plastic be formed so that it is not moved by the magnetic forces generated by the coil 3 becomes.

    Der Magnet-Anker 5 ist als einseitig geschlossenes Rohrstück ausgebildet, wobei der Auslöse-Anker 1 und das Koppelglied 4 innerhalb des vom Magnet-Anker 5 gebildeten Hohlraumes angeordnet sind.The magnet armature 5 is formed as a closed side pipe section, wherein the Tripping armature 1 and the coupling member 4 within the magnetic anchor 5 formed Cavity are arranged.

    Der Auslöse-Anker 1 weist einen aus der Spule 3 hinausreichenden Auslöse-Stift 2 auf und ist analog zur Darstellung nach Fig.1 durch eine Rückstellfeder 6 in seine Ruheposition bringbar.The release armature 1 has a release pin 2 extending out of the coil 3 and is analogous to the illustration of Figure 1 by a return spring 6 in its rest position brought.

    Um die Haltekraft auf den Auslöse-Anker 1 einwirken lassen zu können, weist dieser einen durch den Magnet-Anker 5 hindurchreichenden, vorzugsweise parallel zur Längsachse der Spule 3 verlaufenden Ansatz 12 auf. Dieser hat frei zugängliche und damit mit Kräften beaufschlagbare Abschnitte.To allow the holding force to act on the release anchor 1, this one has passing through the magnet armature 5, preferably parallel to the longitudinal axis of the Coil 3 extending approach 12. This has freely accessible and therefore with forces loadable sections.

    Der Ansatz 12 ist nicht zwingend vorzusehen, im Sinne der Erfindung ist es genauso möglich, die Haltekräfte FH direkt auf den Auslöse-Anker 1 einwirken zu lassen. Dazu müßten allerdings die hiefür benötigten Bauteile im Inneren der Spule 3 angeordnet werden, gegebenenfalls Aussparungen für sie im Magnet-Anker 5 vorgesehen werden, damit dieser in seiner Bewegungsfreiheit nicht behindert ist.The approach 12 is not mandatory to provide, within the meaning of the invention, it is equally possible to let the holding forces F H act directly on the trip anchor 1. For this purpose, however, the components required for this would have to be arranged in the interior of the coil 3, if appropriate recesses for them in the magnetic armature 5 are provided, so that it is not hindered in its freedom of movement.

    Wie bereits angedeutet, wird die Haltekraft FH bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel auf magnetischem Wege, konkret mittels eines Dauermagneten 13 erzeugt. Dazu ist am oberen Ende des Ansatzes 12 ein Anker 26 festgelegt. Zusammen mit dem Joch 25, das laut Fig.4 gleichzeitig als mechanische Halterung für den Dauermagneten 13 dient, und dem Dauermagneten 13 bildet der Anker 26 einen magnetischen Kreis für das vom Dauermagneten 13 erzeugte Magnetfeld. Durch die bei dieser Anordnung entstehenden Haltekräfte zwischen dem Anker 26 und dem Joch 25 wird der den Auslöse-Anker 1 in der dargestellten Ruhestellung gehalten.As already indicated, the holding force F H in this embodiment is generated by magnetic means, specifically by means of a permanent magnet 13. For this purpose, an anchor 26 is set at the upper end of the neck 12. Together with the yoke 25, which simultaneously serves as a mechanical support for the permanent magnet 13 according to Figure 4, and the permanent magnet 13, the armature 26 forms a magnetic circuit for the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 13. By resulting in this arrangement holding forces between the armature 26 and the yoke 25 of the release armature 1 is held in the illustrated rest position.

    In besagtem Magnetkreis -gebildet aus Anker 26, Joch 25 und Dauermagnet 13- gibt es Luftspalte 27 zwischen Anker 26 und Joch 25 sowie einen Luftspalt 28 zwischen Dauermagneten 13 und Anker 26. Die entstehenden Haltekräfte FH können durch Veränderung der Größe dieser Luftspalte 27,28 geändert werden. Besagte Luftspalt-Änderung kann zum Beispiel durch Wahl der Höhe des Dauermagneten 13, durch verschieden dicke, zwischen Joch 25 und Anker 27 angeordnete Einlagen aus unmagnetisierbarem Material, durch Längenveränderung der Jochschenkel oder ähnliche Maßnahmen erreicht werden.In said magnetic circuit formed by armature 26, yoke 25 and permanent magnet 13, there are air gaps 27 between armature 26 and yoke 25 and an air gap 28 between permanent magnet 13 and armature 26. The resulting holding forces F H can be achieved by changing the size of these air gaps 27, 28 to be changed. Said air gap change can be achieved, for example, by selecting the height of the permanent magnet 13, by differently thick, arranged between the yoke 25 and armature 27 deposits of non-magnetizable material, by changing the length of the yoke legs or similar measures.

    Beim Auftreten eines Kurzschlußstromes erhöht sich die Stärke des im Arbeitsluftspalt a zwischen Magnet-Anker 5 und dem Jochansatz 24 herrschenden Magnetfeldes und dadurch die zwischen Magnet-Anker 5 und Ansatz 24 wirkenden Anziehungskräfte, wodurch sich der Magnet-Anker 5 in Richtung Ansatz 24 bewegt. Nachdem der Auslöse-Anker 1 noch stillsteht, verkleinert sich nun der Abstand d zwischen Magnet- 5 und Auslöse-Anker 1, wobei die Feder 4 zusammengedrückt wird. Sobald die über die Feder 4 auf den Auslöse-Anker 1 übertragenen Kräfte die Haltekraft FH des Dauermagneten 13 übersteigen, wird auch der Auslöse-Anker 1 in Bewegung gesetzt und infolgedessen die Abschaltung über das Schaltschloß 20 ausgelöst.Upon the occurrence of a short-circuit current increases the strength of the prevailing in the working air gap a between the magnet armature 5 and the yoke 24 magnetic field and thereby acting between magnetic armature 5 and approach 24 attracting forces, causing the magnetic armature 5 moves toward approach 24. After the tripping armature 1 still stands still, the distance d between the magnet 5 and the tripping armature 1 decreases, the spring 4 being compressed. As soon as the forces transmitted via the spring 4 to the tripping armature 1 exceed the holding force F H of the permanent magnet 13, the tripping armature 1 is also set in motion and as a result the tripping is triggered via the switching mechanism 20.

    Sollte der gesamte Abstand d vom Magnet-Anker 5 durchlaufen werden, ohne daß damit eine Bewegung des Auslöse-Ankers 1 erreicht wurde, so schlägt der Magnet-Anker 5 auf den Auslöse-Anker 1 auf und nimmt diesen in seiner weiteren Abwärtsbewegung mit. Bei diesem Aufeinanderschlagen kommt es zu einem Stoßvorgang, bei welchem dem Magnet-Anker 5 Bewegungsenergie entzogen wird, was wiederum die Schalthandlung verzögert und damit zum selektiven Abschaltverhalten der Anordnung beiträgt.If the entire distance d from the magnet armature 5 are run through without this Movement of the tripping armature 1 has been reached, the magnetic anchor 5 strikes the Release anchor 1 and takes this in its further downward movement. In this Aufeinanderschlagen it comes to a shock process in which the magnetic armature. 5 Movement energy is withdrawn, which in turn delays the switching action and thus contributes to the selective shutdown of the device.

    Wichtig für die ordnungsgemäße Funktion der beschriebenen Anordung ist die Dimensionierung der Abstände a,b,c,d. Insbesondere muß der Abstand d zwischen Magnet- 5 und Auslöse-Anker 1 kleiner sein als der Abstand a zwischen Magnet-Anker 5 und Jochansatz 24, damit gewährleistet ist, daß am Ende des möglichen Bewegungsweges des Magnet-Ankers 5 -er trifft dann am Jochansatz 24 auf- der Auslöse-Anker 1 das Schaltschloß 20 betätigt hat. In diesem Zusammenhang ist es notwendig, daß der Bewegungsweg des Auslöse-Ankers b ausreichend lang ist, um das Schaltschloß 20 zu betätigen. Weiters muß es ausgeschlossen sein, daß der Anker 26 während der Bewegung des Auslöse-Ankers 1 am Wickelkörper 10 auftrifft und damit den Auslöse-Anker 1 festhält. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, daß der Abstand c größer als Abstand b ist.Important for the proper functioning of the described arrangement is the Dimensioning of the distances a, b, c, d. In particular, the distance d between magnet 5 and release armature 1 may be smaller than the distance a between magnet armature 5 and Jochansatz 24, so that is ensured that at the end of the possible path of movement of Magnetic anchor 5 -er then meets the yoke approach 24 on the release anchor 1, the switch lock 20 has pressed. In this connection, it is necessary that the movement path of the Tripping armature b is sufficiently long to operate the switching mechanism 20. It must continue be excluded that the armature 26 during the movement of the trigger armature 1 on Winding body 10 impinges and thus holds the trigger anchor 1. This will be done achieved that the distance c is greater than distance b.

    Zusammenfassend können für die Verhältnisse der Abstände a,b,c,d folgende Beziehungen angegeben werden: a > b und a > d, sowie c > b.In summary, for the ratios of the distances a, b, c, d the following relationships are given: a> b and a> d, and c> b.

    Das besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig.5 stimmt mit demjenigen von Fig.4 weitgehend überein, allerdings ist hier der Dauermagnet 13 durch einen Elektromagneten - gebildet aus Wicklung 15 und Joch 25- ersetzt. Wie oben ist ein mit dem Ansatz 12 verbundener Anker 26 vorgesehen, der mit dem Joch 25 einen Magnetkreis ausbildet. Für die mechanische Halterung des Elektromagneten ist ein separater Bauteil 14 vorgesehen. Für die Dimensionierung der Abstände gilt das im Zuge der Beschreibung von Fig.4 Gesagte.The particularly preferred embodiment of Figure 5 is consistent with that of Figure 4 largely the same, but here is the permanent magnet 13 by an electromagnet - formed from winding 15 and yoke 25- replaced. As above is one with the approach 12th connected armature 26 is provided which forms a magnetic circuit with the yoke 25. For the mechanical support of the electromagnet, a separate component 14 is provided. For the Dimensioning of the distances is what is said in the description of Fig.4.

    Die Veränderung der Haltekraft FH kann auch hier wieder über die Einstellung der Längen der Luftspalte 27,28 erfolgen. Besonders günstig ist es dabei, die Luftspalte 27 nicht vorzusehen, den Anker 26 also am Joch 25 aufliegen zu lassen und den im Inneren der Wicklung 15 verlaufenden Abschnitt 25' des Joches 25 in Längsrichtung der Wicklung 15 verschiebbar zu gestalten. Damit kann die Haltekraft FH auf mechanischem Weg justiert werden. The change in the holding force F H can also be done here again on the adjustment of the lengths of the air gaps 27,28. It is particularly advantageous not to provide the air gaps 27, so the armature 26 to rest on the yoke 25 and to make the inside of the winding 15 extending portion 25 'of the yoke 25 in the longitudinal direction of the winding 15 slidably. Thus, the holding force F H can be adjusted by mechanical means.

    Neben dieser mechanischen Veränderbarkeit ist die Haltekraft FH auch durch Veränderung des die Wicklung 15 durchfließenden Stromes, veränderbar. Die Veränderbarkeit der Haltekraft FH ist allerdings keineswegs auf eine magnetische Krafterzeugung beschränkt. Auch die in Fig.3a angedeuteten Bauteile 8 können verschiebbar angeordnet sein, wodurch der Anpreßdruck auf den Auslöse-Anker 1 und damit die Haltekraft FH verändert werden kann.In addition to this mechanical variability, the holding force F H can also be changed by changing the current flowing through the winding 15. However, the variability of the holding force F H is by no means limited to magnetic force generation. Also indicated in Figure 3a components 8 may be slidably disposed whereby the contact pressure on the release armature 1 and thus the holding force F H can be changed.

    Besonders günstig ist es, wenn die Haltekraft FH in Abhängigkeit der Stärke des zu überwachenden Stromes veränderbar ist. In der Konstruktionsvariante nach Fig.5 ist dies besonders einfach dadurch realisierbar, daß der die Wicklung 15 durchfließende Strom dem zu überwachenden Strom direkt proportional ist.It is particularly favorable if the holding force F H is variable as a function of the strength of the current to be monitored. In the design variant according to FIG. 5, this can be realized in a particularly simple manner by virtue of the fact that the current flowing through the winding 15 is directly proportional to the current to be monitored.

    Um einen möglichst geringen Schaltungsaufwand zu haben, wird angesprochene Proportionalität am einfachsten dadurch erreicht, daß der Überstrom selbst die Wicklung 15 des Elektromagneten durchfließt. Dazu werden -wie dies in Fig.6 mit durchgezogenen Verbindungsleitungen 16,17 dargestellt ist- die Spule 3 und die Wicklung 15 in Serie zueinander geschaltet. Zum selben Zweck könnten Spule 3 und Wicklung 15 allerdings auch parallel geschaltet werden -vgl. strichlierte Verbindungsleitungen 18,19; dabei können in Zweig der Wicklung 15 Serienimpedanzen geschaltet werden, um den durch die Wicklung 15 fließenden Strom und damit die erzeugte Haltekraft FH einzustellen.In order to have the lowest possible circuit complexity, the mentioned proportionality is most easily achieved in that the overcurrent itself flows through the winding 15 of the electromagnet. For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 6 with continuous connecting lines 16, 17, the coil 3 and the winding 15 are connected in series with one another. For the same purpose coil 3 and winding 15 could, however, also be connected in parallel -Vgl. dashed connecting lines 18, 19; In this case, 15 series impedances can be switched in branch of the winding to adjust the current flowing through the winding 15 and thus the generated holding force F H.

    Wenngleich dies einen relativ hohen Mehraufwand mit sich brächte, ist es im Sinne der Erfindung genauso möglich, die Wicklung 15 mit einem galvanisch vom zu überwachenden Strom getrennten Strom zu beaufschlagen und diesen gegebenenfalls auch über entsprechende Steuerschaltungen proportional zum Überstrom zu verändern.Although this would entail a relatively high overhead, it is in the sense of Invention equally possible, the winding 15 with a galvanic to be monitored from Electricity to apply separate power and this possibly also via appropriate Control circuits proportional to the overcurrent change.

    Ein bevorzugtes Anwendungsgebiet der beschriebenen erfindungsgemäßen Auslöse-Einrichtung liegt im Einsatz in Leitungsschutzschaltern, was allerdings die Anwendung in anderen, überstrom-abschaltetenden Geräten nicht ausschließen soll.A preferred field of application of the described triggering device according to the invention is in use in circuit breakers, but this is the application in other, over-current disconnecting devices should not exclude.

    Claims (14)

    1. A trip device for an overcurrent circuit breaker such as a miniature circuit breaker, comprising a tripping armature (1) which actuates a latching mechanism (20) and can be actuated by a coil (3) flowed through by the current to be monitored, with the tripping armature (1) being indirectly actuatable by a magnetic armature (5) which can be moved directly by the coil (3) and which is joined with a tripping armature (1) by at least one elastic coupling member (4) and optionally one or several auxiliary armatures (11), characterized in that the tripping armature (1) is held in its idle position with a predeterminable holding force (FH) and is made to move abruptly after exceeding said holding force (FH).
    2. A trip device according to claim 1, characterized in that the holding force (FH) is a force produced in a mechanical manner.
    3. A trip device according to claim 2, characterized in that the holding force (FH) is a static friction force which can be produced by components (8) which are in contact with the tripping armature (1).
    4. A trip device according to claim 2, characterized in that the holding force (FH) can be produced by components (9) acting resiliently on the tripping armature (1) such as a catch spring.
    5. A trip device according to claim 1, characterized in that the holding force (FH) is a magnetic force produced by at least one permanent or electromagnet (13; 14, 25) acting upon the tripping armature (1).
    6. A trip device according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the holding force (FH) acting upon the tripping armature (1) is changeable.
    7. A trip device according to claim 6, characterized in that the holding force (FH) can be changed depending on the strength of the current to be monitored.
    8. A trip device according to claim 7, characterized in that the holding force (FH) can be produced by an electromagnet which is flowed through by a current which is directly proportional to the current to be monitored.
    9. A trip device according to one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the at least one elastic coupling member (4) is formed by a coil spring.
    10. A trip device according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the magnetic armature (5) is arranged at least in sections in the interior of the coil (3).
    11. A trip device according to claim 10, characterized in that the tripping armature (1) is also arranged in the interior of the coil, with the tripping armature (1) consisting of a non-magnetizable material.
    12. A trip device according to claim 11, characterized in that the magnetic armature (5) is arranged as a tubular element which is closed off on one side and that the tripping armature (1) and the at least one coupling member (4) are arranged at least partly within the hollow space formed by the magnetic armature (5).
    13. A trip device according to claim 10, 11 or 12, characterized in that the tripping armature (1) comprises a projection which extends through the magnetic armature (5) and extends preferably parallel to the longitudinal axis of the coil (3) and on which the holding force (FH) acts.
    14. The use of a trip device according to one of the preceding claims as a fault-current trip device in a miniature circuit breaker.
    EP97890097A 1996-06-14 1997-05-30 Trip device for overload circuit breaker Expired - Lifetime EP0813218B1 (en)

    Priority Applications (1)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    AT97890097T ATE297052T1 (en) 1996-06-14 1997-05-30 TRIP DEVICE FOR AN OVERCURRENT DISCONNECT DEVICE

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    AT1050/96 1996-06-14
    AT0105096A AT405113B (en) 1996-06-14 1996-06-14 TRIP DEVICE FOR AN OVERCURRENT SWITCHING DEVICE
    AT105096 1996-06-14

    Publications (3)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0813218A2 EP0813218A2 (en) 1997-12-17
    EP0813218A3 EP0813218A3 (en) 1998-06-17
    EP0813218B1 true EP0813218B1 (en) 2005-06-01

    Family

    ID=3505507

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP97890097A Expired - Lifetime EP0813218B1 (en) 1996-06-14 1997-05-30 Trip device for overload circuit breaker

    Country Status (12)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP0813218B1 (en)
    CN (1) CN1163930C (en)
    AR (1) AR007579A1 (en)
    AT (2) AT405113B (en)
    AU (1) AU714838B2 (en)
    DE (1) DE59712329D1 (en)
    ES (1) ES2112237T3 (en)
    GR (1) GR980300005T1 (en)
    HK (1) HK1003401A1 (en)
    IN (1) IN191123B (en)
    SG (1) SG75118A1 (en)
    TN (1) TNSN97104A1 (en)

    Families Citing this family (7)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE19845476B4 (en) * 1998-10-02 2004-08-12 Aeg Niederspannungstechnik Gmbh & Co Kg Magnetic system for miniature circuit breakers
    KR100876412B1 (en) * 2007-07-12 2008-12-31 엘에스산전 주식회사 Time delay output apparatus for circuit breaker
    DE102008030822A1 (en) * 2008-06-30 2010-01-07 Robert Seuffer Gmbh & Co. Kg Switching device with triggering device
    DE102010041728B4 (en) * 2010-09-30 2014-08-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Magneto-mechanical actuator, switching arrangement and method for operating a magneto-mechanical actuator
    US8729984B2 (en) * 2011-06-06 2014-05-20 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Magnetic actuator with more than one air gap in series
    DE102015214966A1 (en) 2015-08-05 2017-02-09 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh breaker
    CN105513916B (en) * 2016-01-21 2018-06-29 首瑞（天津）电气设备有限公司 Deferred action mechanism and breaker in breaker

    Family Cites Families (6)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    GB189617A (en) * 1921-10-21 1922-12-07 Electric Construction Co Overload trip retarding or delaying device for electric circuit breakers or automatic switches
    DE438518C (en) * 1925-12-01 1926-12-16 Aeg Time relays, especially for overcurrent relays
    GB522303A (en) * 1939-06-08 1940-06-14 Gordon Spencer Marston Improvements in or relating to tripping devices for electric circuit breakers and switches
    DE2348613C2 (en) * 1973-09-27 1975-11-06 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Circuit breakers, especially circuit breakers
    DE2951900A1 (en) * 1979-12-21 1981-07-02 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Overload cut=out for switch - has yoke carrying tubular or strip shaped armature support inside coil above permanent magnet
    DE9115607U1 (en) * 1991-12-17 1992-02-13 ABB Patent GmbH, 6800 Mannheim Circuit breaker

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    EP0813218A2 (en) 1997-12-17
    IN191123B (en) 2003-09-27
    ES2112237T3 (en) 2005-10-16
    DE59712329D1 (en) 2005-07-07
    ES2112237T1 (en) 1998-04-01
    AU2373197A (en) 1997-12-18
    SG75118A1 (en) 2000-09-19
    ATA105096A (en) 1998-09-15
    TNSN97104A1 (en) 1999-12-31
    AR007579A1 (en) 1999-11-10
    GR980300005T1 (en) 1998-02-27
    ATE297052T1 (en) 2005-06-15
    AT405113B (en) 1999-05-25
    CN1163930C (en) 2004-08-25
    EP0813218A3 (en) 1998-06-17
    AU714838B2 (en) 2000-01-13
    CN1169583A (en) 1998-01-07
    HK1003401A1 (en) 1998-10-30

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