EP0796158B1 - Procede et dispositif de production optimisee de ressorts helicoidaux sur des machines automatiques a enrouler les ressorts - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de production optimisee de ressorts helicoidaux sur des machines automatiques a enrouler les ressorts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0796158B1
EP0796158B1 EP95942014A EP95942014A EP0796158B1 EP 0796158 B1 EP0796158 B1 EP 0796158B1 EP 95942014 A EP95942014 A EP 95942014A EP 95942014 A EP95942014 A EP 95942014A EP 0796158 B1 EP0796158 B1 EP 0796158B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wire
spring
diameter
uncoiling
loop
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95942014A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0796158A1 (fr
Inventor
Uwe Otzen
Hans-Jürgen Schorcht
Mathias Weiss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wafios Maschinenfabrik Wagner Ficker and Schmid
Wafios Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Wafios Maschinenfabrik Wagner Ficker and Schmid
Wafios Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19944443503 external-priority patent/DE4443503A1/de
Priority claimed from DE1995114486 external-priority patent/DE19514486A1/de
Application filed by Wafios Maschinenfabrik Wagner Ficker and Schmid, Wafios Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Wafios Maschinenfabrik Wagner Ficker and Schmid
Publication of EP0796158A1 publication Critical patent/EP0796158A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0796158B1 publication Critical patent/EP0796158B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F23/00—Feeding wire in wire-working machines or apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C47/00—Winding-up, coiling or winding-off metal wire, metal band or other flexible metal material characterised by features relevant to metal processing only
    • B21C47/16—Unwinding or uncoiling
    • B21C47/18—Unwinding or uncoiling from reels or drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F3/00—Coiling wire into particular forms
    • B21F3/02—Coiling wire into particular forms helically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H51/00—Forwarding filamentary material
    • B65H51/20—Devices for temporarily storing filamentary material during forwarding, e.g. for buffer storage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for continuous checking and correction Error occurring with spring wires for the optimized production of coil springs Automatic spring coiling, taking a wire from one Unwinder in which a spool or a Coil is stored, unwound and by means of a separate feeding device of a forming device, which contains wind pins or rolls becomes.
  • Coil springs are used on the industrial side Users increasingly demanding accuracy requirements in terms of adherence to the constructive specified spring characteristics, especially the spring characteristic, posed.
  • the reasons for this are special the increasing demands on machines and devices, in which coil springs are used, as well as the growing level of automation in the Manufacture of machinery and equipment with a tendency to that only tightly tolerated components are processed can be.
  • the spring wire as the starting material is subject material-related, geometric and processing technology Fluctuations. You express yourself in deviations of the wire diameter, the strength values or material characteristics from their nominal values and in twists due to elastic Torsional stresses. There are also deviations an authoritative role arising from your plastic-elastic deformation behavior of the Spring wire result and mostly in upstream Manufacturing stages have their cause.
  • the fluctuations mentioned cause considerable deviations of the parameters of the cold-formed coil spring from the design-determined data, the effects of which can be determined in deviations of the spring characteristic from the target characteristic.
  • the fluctuating thickness of the wire diameter causes changes in the inclination of the spring characteristic, that is to say fluctuations in the spring rate, and different elastic torsional stresses in the wire coil cause length fluctuations in the spring produced and thereby parallel displacements of the spring characteristic.
  • rejects are inevitable in the manufacture of springs, the proportion of which can be considerable in the case of springs with small dimensions and high accuracy requirements. Since this committee can usually only be determined on the finished spring, there are considerable economic losses. In addition, the necessary additional expenses for materials and energy lead to additional environmental pollution.
  • the state of the art includes machines for spring production, the via feed rollers, mechanical or electrically controlled wind pins or rollers, Incline and form tools are known. Their development was primarily based on it directed to achieve the highest possible number of pieces and with reasonable effort also the conversion to Manufacture of springs with different dimensions and ensure shapes.
  • Machines with a monitoring and quality assurance system are also known in the prior art, where the spring length is mechanical, optical, capacitive or measured by changing the induction or is checked.
  • Systems are also known which can be used with the help of these measuring and testing options recognize and sort out as well as independent corrections at the control of the automatic spring coiler. This is usually done on the basis of methods for statistical process control. Other realized variants deliver existing ones Deviations in the manufactured springs via dialog systems corresponding error messages to the operator, which then corrected into the controller must intervene. Systems are also known which after a corresponding number of immediately successively manufactured committee springs the manufacturing process interrupt.
  • JP 55-153 633 an arrangement is known where the twist in a steel cable when unwinding from a spool by controlled rotation of the Unwinder should be prevented.
  • the rotation the unwind spool is used by a sensor detected the rotational movement of a fixed Roller, over which the rope is guided, controls.
  • This arrangement is for identification and Influencing of embossed in a rigid wire Torsional stresses not applicable.
  • DE 35 38 944 describes a machine for producing coil springs by winding, with which springs with a continuously variable pitch can be produced. Thereafter, it is provided that the spring manufacturing machine contains an electronic control circuit.
  • a data storage unit stores preselected data indicating spring parameters, such as pitch, length and diameter.
  • the corresponding preselected parameter of the spring is monitored and a signal indicating the monitored parameter is generated.
  • the electronically stored data and the monitoring signal are compared with one another.
  • the spring production can be changed in accordance with this comparison for the purpose of producing a spring with the preselected parameter.
  • This machine makes it possible to freely change the parameters of the coil springs to meet the preselected spring requirements.
  • the dimensions of the spring can be changed during the actual manufacture of the coil springs, so that springs with pitches can be produced which change continuously along the length of the spring.
  • the invention has for its object a method and a device of the aforementioned Specify type, which also with fluctuating values the wire parameters high accuracy in spring production guarantee and at the same time the Minimize scrap.
  • the inventive method and the inventive Device are characterized by a number from advantages.
  • the arrangement according to the invention and the inventive Methods enable the compensation of the elastic torsional stresses of the spring wire, which in particular for the processing of spring-drawn Wire types is important.
  • This torsional stress is not recognizable externally because the drawn wire according to this manufacturing process is wound into a coil under tension. The torsional stresses are released when you get this Force from the spring wire takes. You express yourself in spreading or turning over the wire loops and lead to fluctuations in the length of the spring produced and thus to the parallel shift mentioned above the spring characteristic.
  • the correction of the wire diameter fluctuations is particularly important for tempered spring wires. With these wires, the stresses generated during drawing are reduced due to the final hardening process carried out at over 860 ° C, but the wire stretching rejuvenates in the furnace section, even with the smallest obstructions in the wire run-off reel. Fluctuations in wire diameters are therefore much more pronounced here than with patented drawn and stainless steel wires.
  • force measuring devices it is possible to measure the forming forces in the spring winch and, by evaluating them, to draw conclusions about changes in the spring parameters and to include these changes in the machine control.
  • Another special embodiment provides that an E or G module measuring device is used.
  • This consists of rollers, which cause the wire to deform slightly by defined values and measure the required deformation forces. Since the initial state of the wire is determined before the forming process and is taken into account when controlling the wind tools, the rejects can be significantly reduced. In addition, the forming result can also be continuously monitored and the target-actual deviation can be traced back to the tool position using a controller. This leads to considerable reductions in wages, materials and energy costs, as well as a reduction in material recycling expenses and a reduction in additional environmental pollution.
  • the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention can advantageously be used in the production of new automatic spring manufacturing machines, the application not being restricted to automatic coil spring winders, but also being suitable for other machines for producing springs. It can also be retrofitted to existing NC-controlled automatic spring winders, so that the largest possible group of spring manufacturers can use the device according to the invention without major renewal of the machine park and with little financial outlay. It is also possible to sort the springs into different quality classes based on the measurement results obtained.
  • the Wire from a Coil C that is on a reel is withdrawn via the wire feed rollers R.
  • the reel is from a not shown here controlled drive actuated.
  • To unwind enable the reel with the coil C in the Bearings L1 and L2 stored.
  • the entire unwinder A is pivotally mounted in the bearing L3.
  • the axis of the bearing L3 coincides with that Direction of the drawn wire D together.
  • From the guide device Z is the wire over the Detection unit E of the wire feeder Machine fed.
  • the length of this loop S is caused by the movements of unwinding device A and guide device Z controlled so that they maintains an approximately constant diameter.
  • the Loop formation is supported by guide rollers FR. If the wire D has no torsional stress the wire loop S hangs vertically below. If the wire has torsional stress, the wire loop S deflected from the vertical position. The deflection is made by the detection unit E1 determines and leads over a separate control unit for a rotation of the Unwinder A in bearing L3 so that the torsional tension is eliminated and affect the following Operations cannot impact. There is another between the machine and the wire loop S. Detection unit E2 attached. This determined the current wire requirements for spring production and controls the drives of the guide rollers R and the bearing L1, L2 depending of the respective wire requirement. In the example shown the sag of the wire is determined.
  • FIG. 2 shows one possible embodiment for the arrangement of the sensors.
  • two sensor rollers SR are attached to the wire loop S and are attached to the frame via springs F1 and F2. If the wire D has a torsional tension, this causes a deflection of the wire loop S and thus also a deflection of the springs F1 and F2.
  • Strain gauges DMS are attached to the springs F1 and F2 and are used to determine the deflection. With the help of the strain gauges DMS, a value for the size of the deflection of the wire loop S can be determined and the required pivoting movement of the unwinding device A can be controlled.
  • various other sensors can also be used for the detection unit. The sensors can both determine the deformation of a plastic element, as shown in FIG. 2, and also detect the displacement of an element by means of a displacement measuring system. In the simplest case, a two-sided stop is sufficient, the contact of which is determined by making contact.
  • FIG. 3 shows a feed device with a rotatably mounted wire take-off guide DF.
  • the twisted wire is pulled off a reel H under tension.
  • the detection unit E1 the wire with torsion is guided in a wire loop acting as a torsion indicator around a rotatably mounted wheel.
  • the wheel is arranged in such a way that, in addition to its rotation about the wheel axis caused by the wire run-off movement, it can also perform a pivoting movement about an axis perpendicular thereto. This pivoting movement is dependent on the torsional stress connected in the wire being fed.
  • the recognition unit E1 is connected to a sensor SE, which indicates the deflection of the recognition unit E1.
  • Torsional stresses between the fixed stator L and the wire take-off guide DF therefore lead to a deflection of the detection unit E1 and are displayed by the sensor.
  • the reel pot When unwinding tension-free wire, the reel pot has to make a 360 ° turn to unwind a full wire loop.
  • the torsional stresses are eliminated by initiating a defined relative movement between the reel and the controllably rotatable wire run guide DF, so that twist-free wire is fed to the winding machine. It is particularly advantageous that the arrangement enables the controllable additional movement of the wire take-off guide DF to be carried out quickly and precisely. This is achieved in particular in that the movement of the wire take-off guide DF, which has only a very small mass, is separated from the movement of the reel H.
  • the reel H which has a large mass, must also perform an additional movement to ensure a continuous wire run.
  • the additionally mounted wire take-off guide DF enables these two movements to be separated, so that it is not necessary to accelerate the reel H quickly with high expenditure of force and correspondingly high loads on the moving parts.
  • the inlet guide EF With the inlet guide EF, the wire D of the forming device fed into a defined arc.
  • This inlet guide EF is curved Wire is effective and ensures defined wind conditions.
  • the inlet guide EF can consist of an arcuate Pipe exist or from a roller assemblies be formed.
  • the wind pins are from the forming device in FIG 3.1 and 3.2 are shown electrically are adjustable. By another actuator becomes the adjustment of the gradient wedge enables so that all geometric parameters of the to be manufactured spring can be influenced.
  • On the wind pins 3.1 and 3.2 are force sensors attached with which the wind forces N4 and N5 be continuously determined. With that, too Changes in wire forming properties are recorded and fed to the evaluation of the process control.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show an arrangement with which the spring outer diameter D a and the pitch P can be determined after winding.
  • Various solutions are possible as a measuring device.
  • the spring diameter on the spring 5 is determined using a CCD matrix 6.
  • the tongue 5 lies against the V-groove 7 in a defined manner. Fluctuations in the spring diameter can also be detected in a known manner using the silhouette method or the scanning principle with optical measuring devices.
  • Figure 7 shows a schematic representation of the links between the individual modules.
  • the necessary positioning movements are controlled by a machine computer, which is connected to the individual measuring stations of the machine via signal processing.
  • the wire is pulled from the wire feeder into the device. It first passes through the wire diameter measuring device DDME.
  • the wire feed is connected in a manner known per se to a path measuring device, from which a signal is obtained over the length of the wire to be processed. This measuring device is not shown here.
  • An E or G module measuring device E / G-ME with a force measuring device KME and a displacement measuring device WME, with which the deformation of the wire and the associated force are determined, is also connected upstream of the wire feed.
  • the current values for the elastic modulus of the wire can be determined from the determined force and deformation values.
  • the G-module can be determined from the E-module.
  • the wire After the wire has passed through the measuring device, it is fed to the drawing-in device and thus to the forming device which contains the wind pins 3 and the gradient wedge. Winding pins 3 and gradient wedge are each connected to linear drives with which the currently required position of these elements is positioned.
  • the wind pins 3 are also connected to a force measuring device KME, which transfers information about the measured forming forces to the signal processing unit for evaluation.
  • the wire After passing through the forming device, the wire is shaped into a spring body. The dimensions of the spring body are determined by the outside diameter measuring device ADME and the pitch measuring device SME. The spring body is cut to the required length using a cutting knife controlled by the signal processing system.
  • the resulting spring is evaluated with a length measuring device LME and a force measuring device KME in such a way that the characteristic curve of the spring is determined.
  • the current data obtained in this way are also fed to the signal processing device.
  • the measuring of the spring length by means of the length measuring device LME as well as the spring forces by means of the force measuring device KME and the determination of the spring characteristic which is possible with it can also be carried out before the spring is cut off.
  • the arrangement allows spring wire diameter deviations to record as well as corresponding compensations and their effects on the slope the spring characteristics by changing others in a controlled manner
  • Spring parameters preferably the spring diameter, to realize. Since the actual value of the Sliding module is detected, can be a number further correction information for compliance with the Spring characteristic curve obtained and during the actuating movements be taken into account.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Procédé de production de ressorts hélicoïdaux en fil d'acier (D) déroulé par un dispositif de déroulement (A) et amené par un dispositif séparé d'amenée (Z) à un dispositif de formage (3.1, 3.2) pour enrouler le fil d'acier en forme hélicoïdale, caractérisé en ce que, avant l'enroulement, au moins l'un des paramètres du fil, particulièrement le diamètre du fil, est déterminé et que les résultats mesurés sont utilisés directement pour la commande du dispositif de formage (3.1, 3.2).
  2. Procedé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, en considération de l'écart du diamètre du fil déterminé avant l'enroulement par rapport à sa valeur prévue, le dispositif de formage (3.1, 3.2) est commandé de telle façon que le diamètre du ressort sera Dmk = Dmo · 3 dist do 4 Explications:
    Dmk :
    diamètre moyen du ressort après rectification
    Do :
    valeur prévue du diamètre moyen du ressort
    dist :
    valeur moyenne réelle du diamètre du fil
    do :
    valeur prévue (valeur normalisée) du diamètre du fil d'acier
  3. Procédé suivant les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que, comme paramètre du fil d'acier, le module d'élasticité et/ou le module de glissement du fil d'acier (D) à enrouler est déterminé.
  4. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, au cas où le fil d'acier (D) dároulé est soumis à des tensions de torsion élastiques, caractérisé en ce que le fil (D) entre le dispositif de déroulement (A) et le dispositif d'amenée (Z) est guidé dans un boucle (S) dont l'écartement latéral est mesuré par une unité d'identification (E1); et que le dispositif de déroulement (A = H + DF) effectue, outre sa rotation pour dérouler le fil, un mouvement supplémentaire dont l'ampleur et la direction sont définies par l'unité d'identification (E1) de telle façon que les tensions de torsion seront compensées.
  5. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant la revendication 4, avec un dispositif de déroulement (A) pour dérouler le fil d'acier (D) de la bobine (Sp) ou du coil (C), et avec un dispositif d 'amenée (Z) pour avancer le fil d'acier (D) vers un dispositif de formage (3.1, 3.2) pour enrouler le fil d'acier (D) caractérisé par un guidage du fil (D) dans un boucle (S) entre le dispositif de déroulement (A) et le dispositif d'amenée (Z); par une unité d'identification (E1) installé près de ce boucle pour déterminer l'écartement latéral du boucle (S); et par un guidage de déroulement du fil (DF) tournant autour de l'axe de la bobine respectivement du coil et faisant partie du dispositif de déroulement (A = H + DF) et qui (DF) peut être commandé moyennant l'unité d'identification (E1) pour effectuer ce mouvement supplémentaire.
  6. Dispositif suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'identification (E1) contient un galet (SR) en contact avec le boucle (S) qui peut être tourné supplémentairement autour d'un axe parallèle à la direction de guidage du fil, ainsi qu'un détecteur (DMS) qui produit un signal dépendant de l'écart latéral du boucle (S) du fil d'acier.
  7. Dispositif suivant les revendications 5 ou 6, caracté-risé en ce que l'unité d'identification (E1) contient deux détecteurs (SR, DMS) installés sur les deux côtés du boucle (S) du fil d'acier, dont les signaux commandent un mouvement pivotant du dispositif de déroulement (A) pivotable autour d'un axe parallèle à la direction du déroulement du fil d'acier.
  8. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 5 à 7 pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant les revendications 1 ou 2 caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de mesure du diamètre du fil d'acier (DDME) est installé entre le dispositif de déroulement (A) et le dispositif d'amenée (Z).
  9. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 5 à 8 pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de mesure (G/E-ME) du module E respectivement du module G est installé entre le dispositif de déroulement (A) et le dispositif d'amenée (Z).
  10. Dispositif suivant la revendication 9 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mesure du module E ou G (G/E-ME) contient des galets (2) qui effectuent une déformation du fil d'acier (D) par des valeurs définies pendant que le dispositif mesure les forces et les parcours de déformation.
  11. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 5 à 10 caractérisé en ce que sur les chevilles d'enroulement (3.1, 3.2) ou galets d'enroulement du dispositif de formage, des détecteurs de forces (N4, N5) sont installés pour déterminer les forces de déformation.
  12. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 5 à 11 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de formage (3.1, 3.2) est muni de dispositifs de mesure (ADME respectivement SME) pour déterminer le diamètre extérieur du ressort ainsi que le pas du ressort enroulé.
  13. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 5 à 12 caractérisé en ce qu' un guidage d'entrée (EF) est prévu entre le dispositif de déroulement (A) et le dispositif d'amenée (Z) par lequel le fil d'acier (D) est dirigé vers le dispositif de formage (3.1, 3.2) dans un boucle défini.
EP95942014A 1994-12-07 1995-12-06 Procede et dispositif de production optimisee de ressorts helicoidaux sur des machines automatiques a enrouler les ressorts Expired - Lifetime EP0796158B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4443503 1994-12-07
DE19944443503 DE4443503A1 (de) 1994-12-07 1994-12-07 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Drahtzuführung
DE1995114486 DE19514486A1 (de) 1995-04-19 1995-04-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Schraubenfedern
DE19514486 1995-04-19
PCT/DE1995/001733 WO1996017701A1 (fr) 1994-12-07 1995-12-06 Procede et dispositif de production optimisee de ressorts helicoidaux sur des machines automatiques a enrouler les ressorts

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0796158A1 EP0796158A1 (fr) 1997-09-24
EP0796158B1 true EP0796158B1 (fr) 1998-05-27

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95942014A Expired - Lifetime EP0796158B1 (fr) 1994-12-07 1995-12-06 Procede et dispositif de production optimisee de ressorts helicoidaux sur des machines automatiques a enrouler les ressorts

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5865051A (fr)
EP (1) EP0796158B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH10511311A (fr)
DE (1) DE59502367D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2119507T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996017701A1 (fr)

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DE59502367D1 (de) 1998-07-02
EP0796158A1 (fr) 1997-09-24
US5865051A (en) 1999-02-02
WO1996017701A1 (fr) 1996-06-13
JPH10511311A (ja) 1998-11-04
ES2119507T3 (es) 1998-10-01

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