EP0773180A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour augmenter la sécurité des ascenseurs - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour augmenter la sécurité des ascenseurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0773180A1
EP0773180A1 EP96117251A EP96117251A EP0773180A1 EP 0773180 A1 EP0773180 A1 EP 0773180A1 EP 96117251 A EP96117251 A EP 96117251A EP 96117251 A EP96117251 A EP 96117251A EP 0773180 A1 EP0773180 A1 EP 0773180A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
safety
elevator car
elevator
drive
car
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96117251A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0773180B1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Dipl. El.-Ing. Eth Spiess
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Inventio AG
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Inventio AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Inventio AG filed Critical Inventio AG
Publication of EP0773180A1 publication Critical patent/EP0773180A1/fr
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Publication of EP0773180B1 publication Critical patent/EP0773180B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/04Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions for detecting excessive speed
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/18Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device which, in order to increase the safety of elevators, trigger corresponding emergency stops or other safety devices in the event of deviations of the elevator car from the driving curve greater than given safety tolerances.
  • Modern elevators have an elevator control system which, in accordance with optimized algorithms and applicable safety regulations for an individual elevator car and / or for groups of elevators, calculates driving parameters for travel in an elevator car and transmits these to a control system for a car drive, as described, for example, in EP 0 110 095 is described.
  • a control system for a car drive as described, for example, in EP 0 110 095 is described.
  • additional means for monitoring the driving curve of the elevator car are usually used, as can be seen for example from the patents DE 3 818 083 and US 4 887 695, the driving curve being a specific position of the car at a specific time, to correct them by controlling the cabin drive. Only deviations from the driving curve are permitted that are within a certain, usually prescribed, safety tolerance, if exceeded, there is a risk to safety.
  • speed limiters are known from practice which, as is described, for example, in the patent specification EP 498 597, mechanically triggers a braking system in one of the directions of travel when the elevator car speeds are too high, which braking system is referred to as a safety device.
  • Tachometers which have a speed-dependent voltage for triggering a braking system (for example US 5 366 045 or DE 2 128 662) are known, as is the use of acceleration sensors for the detection of faults (for example DE 3 934 492).
  • a major disadvantage of these safety systems is that the emergency stop triggered in the event of a corresponding fault always occurs with the safety gear of the elevator car, which often leads to a very violent jerk, hard-to-release wedging of the brakes with the guide elements of the elevator car and / or damage to these parts . Furthermore, in certain cases, these safety systems have a relatively large deceleration, so that, for example, a broken rope or a power failure only triggers the safety gear when excessive acceleration or speed triggers the corresponding system. None of the known safety systems is able to detect both deviations from the position, the speed and the acceleration of the elevator car.
  • Optical, electronic, electromagnetic or other sensors are known, for example a distance meter working with laser beams, which can determine the position, the speed and the acceleration, but which do not guarantee the required safety.
  • these systems are very susceptible to faults due to, for example, electromagnetic fields, dust or vibrations, which means a very high outlay for maintenance, calibration and maintenance.
  • these devices have no inevitable, that is the most direct possible mechanical connection between the detection of an impermissible deviation and the triggering of a safety device, which is usually required.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for the early detection of faults or deviations from the optimal travel curve, speed and acceleration of the elevator car greater than the safety tolerances and for triggering emergency stops or other safety devices, which is essentially independent is from the control of the cabin drive, whereby the disadvantages mentioned above are overcome.
  • this is achieved by means of a method according to claim 1, or a device according to the method, in that the driving parameters calculated by an elevator control, which are passed on to a drive control of a car drive for moving and positioning the elevator car, are also passed on to a second drive control of a reference drive , so that a trigger part moved and positioned by the reference drive has the same travel curve calculated by the elevator control, the trigger part being movably connected to the elevator car in such a way that a safety switch for stopping the elevator car is triggered by the trigger part if the elevator car deviates from the Driving curve is greater than a certain safety tolerance.
  • This second drive control for the reference drive or this reference drive control corresponds to a conventional control equipped with microprocessors for controllable drives and motors.
  • the travel parameters calculated for the travel of the elevator car by the elevator control system are adopted as data by the reference control system and converted into corresponding control signals for supplying the reference drive.
  • the reference drive which is usually an electric motor, causes a trigger part to move parallel to the elevator car. This movement can For example, this results from the fact that the reference drive is fixed in place at the upper end of the shaft in which the elevator car is moved vertically, and drives an endless cable that, according to the driving curve, moves the triggering part attached to it vertically in the same fall line as the elevator car.
  • the reference drive drives a trolley, with which it can move vertically in the shaft along a guide rail of the elevator car, for example, and thus the release part is guided on a rope or on a rigid means, for example a light metal carrier, in accordance with the travel curve.
  • a trolley with which it can move vertically in the shaft along a guide rail of the elevator car, for example, and thus the release part is guided on a rope or on a rigid means, for example a light metal carrier, in accordance with the travel curve.
  • Further solutions for guiding the trigger part in parallel with respect to the movement of the elevator car are obvious. Since the reference drive only drives the release part and its holding means, it can be dimensioned correspondingly small, so that, for example, bridging of power failures by means of batteries or accumulators is possible without great effort.
  • the much smaller and more uniform load on the reference drive compared to the cabin drive generally increases its reliability, and, analogously to the cabin drive control, additional sensors can also be used to regulate the reference drive control.
  • the trigger part is a component that borders the elevator car to the extent that a controllable movement of the trigger part relative to the elevator car is possible.
  • a guide that runs parallel to the movement of the triggering part and elevator car for example a U-shaped profile, can accommodate the triggering part and thus enable a guided, relative displacement in the event of deviating driving curves of the triggering part and elevator car.
  • a controlled movement is also offset by means of an axis which is offset from the means with which the reference drive holds and guides the release part and which rotatably connects the release part to the elevator car.
  • the triggering part is shifted relative to the elevator car in accordance with the guidance by the Axis rotated or otherwise moved in proportion to the deviation, for which your designer further solutions are obvious.
  • a switch which is an optical, electrical, electromechanical or purely mechanical switch, is mounted on the elevator car in such a way that, when the tolerable deviation is exceeded, the switch is actuated by the relative movement of the triggering part to the elevator car.
  • the actuation of the switch can further trigger an alarm, an emergency stop of the drives or another existing one, such as a safety gear, or additional safety device.
  • a further switch is mounted on the car, so that there is a safety tolerance when the elevator car is moved up and down.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is the attachment of several safety switches with different safety tolerances. This means, for example, that an alarm can be triggered first, depending on the deviations from the driving curve triggered before an emergency stop of the drives by a second switch, or even by another switch, the safety gear is actuated directly mechanically. It is also advantageous if the safety tolerances are variable through switches that can be moved or switched on and off. For example, at the beginning or at the end of the driving curve, where the position of the elevator car must match the corresponding floor as closely as possible, a smaller safety tolerance can be set than when traveling between floors.
  • the present method and the device for carrying out the method can also be used in existing safety systems, for example by installing a play between the elevator car and a governor rope that drives a speed limiter, so that the governor rope is driven by the reference drive.
  • Corresponding switches can be positioned within the game which, in addition to the safety gear, can trigger other safety devices, such as an emergency stop of the drives, before the safety gear is triggered.
  • a major advantage of the invention is that practically all deviations from the driving curve that are a danger to safety, such as crossing floors or shaft ends, too high and too low speeds or accelerations, inadmissible rope expansions and rope breaks are detected, and at If the safety tolerances are exceeded, the corresponding safety switches must be triggered.
  • the possibility of realizing several different safety tolerances is particularly advantageous, so that an alarm, an emergency stop of the drives or another safety device can be triggered before the safety gear is actuated, which usually leads to a longer failure of the elevator and a corresponding leads to high maintenance costs.
  • the inventive method is used Corresponding deviations from the driving curve, the safety gear is triggered earlier, i.e. before the speed limiter responds and thus before a maximum speed is reached.
  • the wedges and damage caused by the safety gear are significantly reduced by the smaller safety forces, especially since the safety forces increase in square with the speed.
  • the braking forces and the jerk for loading the elevator car are correspondingly smaller. Due to the inevitable, that is to say mechanical coupling of the detection of the malfunction and the triggering of a safety device, the method and its device for implementation are considerably safer than the purely electronic and / or sensor systems.
  • the sequence of the inventive method shows a sketch of a traffic control loop which is essentially formed by the elevator control or, in the case of several elevator cars, by the group control.
  • the call signals and Other inputs starting from control panels on the floors or in the elevator car, are recorded by the elevator control system and converted into corresponding driving parameters by means of predetermined control programs. These driving parameters are passed on as signals or data to the control of the canal drive so that the car drive moves the elevator car from the current floor to the desired floor according to the calculated driving curve.
  • the elevator car control usually forms its own control loop, which determines the position, the acceleration and the speed of the elevator car true to the driving curve.
  • the elevator car usually drives a speed limiter via a fixed connection, which triggers a safety gear when an adjustable, maximum permissible speed is exceeded.
  • a safety gear when an adjustable, maximum permissible speed is exceeded.
  • the reference drive essentially forms its own control loop and, true to the same calculated travel curve for the elevator car, moves a triggering part that borders the elevator car.
  • a connection of the triggering part to the elevator car is made in such a way that a controlled movement of the two parts to one another is possible.
  • the triggering part and the elevator car move synchronously in the area of the ideal travel curve, that is to say within tolerable deviations or the safety tolerances.
  • Safety switches are mounted on the elevator car and along the path of the controlled relative movement of the triggering part and the elevator car, which trigger a safety device in the event of large deviations of the elevator car from the driving curve, a certain safety tolerance being exceeded.
  • different safety devices can be operated optically, electrically, electromechanically and / or purely mechanically.
  • a mechanical triggering of the safety gear can be implemented as well as an electrical emergency stop of the drives.
  • Embodiments of the invention are possible, indicated by the dashed line, in which the reference drive is coupled to the speed limiter.
  • the governor rope and thus the speed limiter can be driven with the reference drive, a clearance being installed between the trigger of the safety device and the governor rope in accordance with the tolerable deviations of the elevator car from the driving curve.
  • additional safety switches can be attached within the game, so that an emergency stop of the drives is brought about by a triggering part within the game before the safety gear is triggered.
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagram with the time as the ordinate and the designation t and the travel path as the abscissa, denoted by x.
  • the driving curve 1 is shown schematically as a continuous S-curve, a distance from a starting floor A to a destination floor B being covered within a specific time T.
  • Technically determined and / or legally prescribed tolerances are shown with dashed and dotted lines following the driving curve.
  • certain safety tolerances can be less than 2, 3 or greater than 4, 5 and lie in the direction of travel or against the direction of travel. It goes without saying that if intermediate stops are desired between the starting floor A and the first destination floor B, the driving curve is changed and corrected accordingly by adapting the driving parameters and following the mostly constant safety tolerances of the new driving curve.
  • the safety tolerances not only represent deviations in the position of the elevator car from the driving curve, but can also, according to known conversions, show a maximum speed or acceleration which leads to a corresponding deviation.
  • FIG. 2 also shows possible malfunctions which can lead to deviations of the elevator car from its driving curve which endanger safety.
  • An overrun 10 of the target floor or the shaft ends, an excessive speed 12, a rope break 11 or the failure of a suspension, an excessive acceleration 13 and a too weak acceleration 14 or excessive rope elongation in the event of overload must be recognizable, so that when the safety tolerances are exceeded Safety devices such as an alarm, an emergency stop or a safety device are triggered.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows an embodiment of the invention which can detect that safety tolerances 2, 3, 4 and 5 according to FIG. 2 have been exceeded with corresponding safety switches 22, 23, 24 and 25 and can trigger safety devices.
  • the safety switches are connected to the elevator car 32, which is moved along the fall line by an elevator drive 30 via a rope 31 and with a counterweight 33.
  • a stationary reference drive 40 moves a trigger part 42, which is usually located between the safety switches 22, 23, 24, 25, in synchronization with the travel curve of the elevator car via an endless cable 41.
  • the transition or the connection between the release part 42 and the elevator car 32 is shown schematically in FIG.
  • the trigger part 42 slides in a guide 35, which is a U-profile attached to the elevator car 32 and has recesses 36 on one side. Through these recesses 36, safety switches 22, 23, 24, 25 protrude into the interior of the guide 35. These safety switches can be electrical switches 22, 23, or else mechanical triggers 24, 25 for a catching device 34.
  • the actuation of a safety switch 22, 23, 24 , 25 takes place in that the trigger part 42 is relative to the elevator car 32, so that the release part 42 moves up or down in the guide 35 and triggers the corresponding safety switch when a recess 36 is exceeded.
  • the safety switches 22, 23, 24, 25 are positioned in accordance with the desired safety tolerances 2, 3, 4, 5 shown in FIG. 1 with respect to the travel curves 1 of an elevator.
  • FIG. 5 shows a reference drive 40 which, by means of a chassis 45, moves up or down along a guide rail 50 of the elevator car 32 in accordance with the travel curve.
  • the trigger part 42 is held by a flexible means 46, for example by a light metal carrier, which is attached to the self-propelled reference drive 40, so that a synchronous movement of the trigger part 42 with the reference drive 40 occurs.
  • a safety switch 22, 23, 24, 25 is triggered analogously to the principle described in FIG. 4.
  • a speed limiter 51 and an endless or limiter rope 41 are driven by the reference drive 40.
  • a trigger part 42 is fastened to the endless cable 41 and is slidably connected to the elevator car 32 in a guide 35.
  • the trigger part 42 can move within an upper 24 and a lower 25, mechanically triggering safety switch for the catching device 34.
  • Additional safety switches 22, 23 can be attached between these safety switches 24, 25, which detect that the corresponding safety tolerances or deviations from the driving curve have been exceeded and, for example, trigger an alarm or an emergency stop of the drives 30, 40.
  • the safety switches of the safety gear 24, 25 have a certain triggering force which, in the event of the failure of the reference drive 40, is large enough to drive the governor rope 41 via the trigger member 42 and thus the speed limiter 51, but less than when the speed limiter 51 responds due to its jerky standstill.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Elevator Control (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
EP96117251A 1995-11-08 1996-10-28 Procédé et dispositif pour augmenter la sécurité des ascenseurs Expired - Lifetime EP0773180B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH315895 1995-11-08
CH3158/95 1995-11-08
CH315895 1995-11-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0773180A1 true EP0773180A1 (fr) 1997-05-14
EP0773180B1 EP0773180B1 (fr) 2001-04-18

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96117251A Expired - Lifetime EP0773180B1 (fr) 1995-11-08 1996-10-28 Procédé et dispositif pour augmenter la sécurité des ascenseurs

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5869794A (fr)
EP (1) EP0773180B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4071839B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE200657T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59606797D1 (fr)
HK (1) HK1012323A1 (fr)
MY (1) MY118747A (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1431229A1 (fr) * 2001-09-28 2004-06-23 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif elevateur
WO2004076326A1 (fr) 2003-02-25 2004-09-10 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Limiteur de vitesse pour ascenseur
WO2005049468A1 (fr) 2003-11-21 2005-06-02 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Systeme d'ascenseur
EP1577249A2 (fr) * 2004-02-20 2005-09-21 K.A. Schmersal Holding KG Dispositif de surveillance de sécurité d'une cabine d'ascenseur
WO2010010197A1 (fr) * 2008-07-25 2010-01-28 Sperian Fall Protection Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif de sécurité commandé électroniquement pour un système de protection antichute

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US5992574A (en) * 1996-12-20 1999-11-30 Otis Elevator Company Method and apparatus to inspect hoisting ropes
US6079521A (en) * 1998-11-24 2000-06-27 Otis Elevator Company Measuring elevator position with scanning laser beam
US6170614B1 (en) * 1998-12-29 2001-01-09 Otis Elevator Company Electronic overspeed governor for elevators
DE20103158U1 (de) * 2001-02-22 2001-09-27 Müller, Wolfgang T., 78315 Radolfzell Mehrstufiger, positionsgesteuerter, reaktionsschnell und präzise auslösender Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzer für Aufzüge
DE10392710T5 (de) 2002-09-24 2005-09-15 Mitsubishi Denki K.K. Aufzugsicherheitssystem
JP4335511B2 (ja) * 2002-10-01 2009-09-30 三菱電機株式会社 エレベータ装置
JPWO2004031064A1 (ja) * 2002-10-04 2006-02-02 株式会社日立製作所 エレベーターシステム
FI118333B (fi) * 2004-01-09 2007-10-15 Kone Corp Laitteisto hississä korin hallitsemattoman liikkeen havaitsemiseksi ja pysäyttämiseksi
PT1731470E (pt) * 2004-03-30 2012-01-02 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Dispositivo de controlo de elevador
WO2005100224A1 (fr) * 2004-04-06 2005-10-27 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Appareillage d'ascenseur et méthode pour gérer cet appareil
EP1739046B1 (fr) * 2004-04-20 2011-06-15 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Système d'arrêt d'urgence d'un ascenseur
EP1741659B1 (fr) * 2004-04-30 2018-06-06 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Appareil élévateur
FI119878B (fi) * 2005-02-04 2009-04-30 Kone Corp Järjestelmä ja menetelmä hissin turvallisuuden parantamiseksi
ES2285591T3 (es) * 2005-03-05 2007-11-16 Thyssenkrupp Aufzugswerke Gmbh Sistema de ascensor.
KR100785179B1 (ko) * 2005-08-25 2007-12-11 미쓰비시덴키 가부시키가이샤 엘리베이터용 조속기
KR101146411B1 (ko) * 2005-10-25 2012-05-17 오티스 엘리베이터 컴파니 다수의 카 승강기 안전 시스템 및 방법
FI119767B (fi) * 2006-08-14 2009-03-13 Kone Corp Hissijärjestelmä ja menetelmä turvallisuuden varmistamiseksi hissijärjestelmässä
FI119982B (fi) * 2007-10-18 2009-05-29 Kone Corp Tarrausjärjestelyllä varustettu hissi
JP2010149955A (ja) * 2008-12-24 2010-07-08 Mitsubishi Electric Corp エレベーター用ブレーキ制御装置
RU2491224C2 (ru) * 2009-03-16 2013-08-27 Отис Элевэйтор Компани Система защиты лифта от превышения ускорения и превышения скорости
JP2012520811A (ja) * 2009-03-16 2012-09-10 オーチス エレベータ カンパニー 過加速度および過速度検出・処理システム
JP5064454B2 (ja) * 2009-08-12 2012-10-31 三菱電機株式会社 エレベータ装置
FI20105033A (fi) * 2010-01-18 2011-07-19 Kone Corp Menetelmä hissikorin liikkeen valvomiseksi sekä hissijärjestelmä
WO2012000170A1 (fr) 2010-06-29 2012-01-05 Empire Technology Development Llc Procédé et système de détermination de la sécurité d'un ascenseur
IL228963A0 (en) * 2013-10-20 2014-03-06 Yoram Madar Mechanical actuation by one speed regulator, of two separate catch devices installed in one elevator that operate in opposite directions
CN106458508B (zh) 2014-05-14 2018-12-07 三菱电机株式会社 电梯装置
US11046552B2 (en) 2018-03-27 2021-06-29 Otis Elevator Company Method and system of reducing false actuation of safety brakes in elevator system
DE102022113861A1 (de) 2022-06-01 2023-12-07 Tk Elevator Innovation And Operations Gmbh Betätigungseinrichtung für eine Sicherheitsvorrichtung einer Aufzugsanlage
DE102022113871A1 (de) 2022-06-01 2023-12-07 Tk Elevator Innovation And Operations Gmbh Sicherheitsvorrichtung für einen Fahrkorb einer Aufzugsanlage mit einer Sensoreinrichtung

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EP0110095A1 (fr) 1982-11-19 1984-06-13 Inventio Ag Générateur de consigne pour un dispositif de régulation d'entraînement
DE3818083A1 (de) 1987-05-27 1988-12-08 Kone Elevator Gmbh Verfahren zum bestimmen der position einer aufzugskabine und stockwerkswaehler auf der grundlage einer impulszaehlung
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EP0498597A2 (fr) * 1991-02-06 1992-08-12 Otto Lok-To Poon Dispositif d'arrêt de sécurité pour ascenseurs
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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1431229A1 (fr) * 2001-09-28 2004-06-23 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif elevateur
EP1431229A4 (fr) * 2001-09-28 2008-04-02 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Dispositif elevateur
WO2004076326A1 (fr) 2003-02-25 2004-09-10 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Limiteur de vitesse pour ascenseur
EP1621507A1 (fr) * 2003-02-25 2006-02-01 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Limiteur de vitesse pour ascenseur
EP1621507A4 (fr) * 2003-02-25 2011-07-06 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Limiteur de vitesse pour ascenseur
WO2005049468A1 (fr) 2003-11-21 2005-06-02 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Systeme d'ascenseur
EP1688383A1 (fr) * 2003-11-21 2006-08-09 Mitsubishi Denki K.K. Systeme d'ascenseur
EP1688383A4 (fr) * 2003-11-21 2011-09-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Systeme d'ascenseur
EP1577249A2 (fr) * 2004-02-20 2005-09-21 K.A. Schmersal Holding KG Dispositif de surveillance de sécurité d'une cabine d'ascenseur
EP1577249A3 (fr) * 2004-02-20 2008-05-28 K.A. Schmersal Holding KG Dispositif de surveillance de sécurité d'une cabine d'ascenseur
US7438158B2 (en) 2004-02-20 2008-10-21 K.A. Schmersal Holding Kg Safety monitoring device with instantaneous speed determination for a lift car
WO2010010197A1 (fr) * 2008-07-25 2010-01-28 Sperian Fall Protection Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif de sécurité commandé électroniquement pour un système de protection antichute

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5869794A (en) 1999-02-09
EP0773180B1 (fr) 2001-04-18
HK1012323A1 (en) 1999-07-30
MY118747A (en) 2005-01-31
JP4071839B2 (ja) 2008-04-02
DE59606797D1 (de) 2001-05-23
JPH09165156A (ja) 1997-06-24
ATE200657T1 (de) 2001-05-15

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