EP0760419B1 - Méthode pour relever une galerie tunnel planifiée - Google Patents

Méthode pour relever une galerie tunnel planifiée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0760419B1
EP0760419B1 EP96112725A EP96112725A EP0760419B1 EP 0760419 B1 EP0760419 B1 EP 0760419B1 EP 96112725 A EP96112725 A EP 96112725A EP 96112725 A EP96112725 A EP 96112725A EP 0760419 B1 EP0760419 B1 EP 0760419B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
borehole
pilot
tunnel
electrodes
measuring
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP96112725A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0760419A2 (fr
EP0760419A3 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Joachim Dr. Bayer
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FlowTex Technologie GmbH and Co KG
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FlowTex Technologie GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP0760419A3 publication Critical patent/EP0760419A3/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of exploration of planned tunnel routes.
  • the An engineering-geological report was prepared for the tunnel route be the exact information on the geological Contains the nature of the formation to be drilled. On Such a tunnel report should provide information about the Lithology, tectonics and the prevailing Have groundwater conditions so that when the Tunnel route no unforeseen complications occur. Such complications have occurred in the past Tunnel construction projects up to 50% more expensive.
  • FR-A-2 716 233 describes an apparatus for determining the geological structure with a device for transmitting signals (8A), a second device for detecting the signals (9A) and a built-in analysis device (10) for evaluating the Results. Above all, the device serves to remove obstacles or to detect voids and determine the course of a mine.
  • the signal generator and signal receiver are on an exploratory spine mounted directly on the shield of the tunneling machine. The one with the Exploratory mandrel is drilled vertically or in one Angle to the strut executed.
  • FR-A-2 716 233 represents the closest state of the art.
  • Japanese Patent Abstract JP-A-61 107157 describes one Device for exploring the geological structure with a Drilling device from which drilling fluid emerges and continuously loosened soil particles from the hole. From the analysis The structure of this flushed out substance can be determined. This type of drilling fluid investigation has long been used in petroleum and natural gas industry.
  • US Pat. No. 5,314,267 describes a drilling device for Create a pipeline based on a pilot well a large diameter pipeline is being drilled. Drilling fluid sampling is possible immediately before tunneling.
  • the geology along the planned tunnel route to a pilot hole prepare. After going through this preliminary investigation first Information about the existing geology is preserved in a second step with one that is steerable in the course of the drilling A continuous drilling head along the planned tunnel route Pilot bore created. Eventually, the pilot bore Samples are taken and it becomes a petrographic, tectonic and geophysical exploration of the pilot well.
  • the method according to the invention results in considerable Advantages over conventional exploration methods.
  • a continuous, essentially horizontal pilot hole can be created with With the help of this pilot hole, the entire tunnel section on their entire length can be explored.
  • the Exploration data can be obtained exactly at the point where the tunnel is to be drilled later, i.e. there is a 100% exploration of the future tunnel route.
  • pilot bore does not later become the central axis of the future tunnels, but e.g. a side Supply line or a centrally arranged Supply route in double tunnels, or outside the Soil drainage profiles or ridge ventilation are used this can also be represented in terms of drilling technology. Also for subsequent supply routes to existing or Tunnel routes in need of expansion are pilot holes feasible. The same applies to escape routes or Ventilation tunnel that can be added or retrofitted must be installed.
  • acoustic probes e.g. (Digital Acoustic Borehole Televiewer), borehole radar antennas, Resistivity imaging tool, microresistivity), gamma probes, ultrasonic probes, pulsed neutron probes etc.
  • Another method is for example the so-called resistance depth probing, those used to determine vertical layer sequences horizontal storage of layers of different Thicknesses and specific resistances.
  • Two Electrodes inserted into the earth's surface through which a DC current from a power source flows.
  • Two more Potential electrodes that are also in the earth's surface are used are connected to a voltage measuring device.
  • the electrode configuration can be the measurement setup geological task, the petrophysical situation and be adapted to the geometric conditions. The distance the measurement profiles and the measurement points determine this Resolving depth probing.
  • the pilot bore can advantageously essentially created along the center line of the planned tunnel route even if it should have a curved course. This will make exploration exactly in the area carried out, which removed when driving up the tunnel route must become. At the same time, the so created Pilot drilling in this case as a guide to Use driving up the tunnel section without further (expensive) position measurements must be made. There nowadays pilot bores are created with high accuracy can be through this advantageous embodiment the invention saved considerable costs and time that would otherwise be used to control the position of the Tunnel boring machinery are required.
  • drilling progress parameters are recorded, which are then used for borehole exploration can be used. Because already when drilling the Pilot drilling from such drilling progress parameters valuable information on the nature of the piercing formation can be preserved according to the invention this information for exploring the borehole be used. For example, by measuring the Drilling pressure, the rate of advance or the Abrasion of the drill head on the strength, the structural bond, the chunkiness and other of the existing rock or Earth formation can be inferred.
  • the sampling provided according to the invention Flush reflux from the pilot well used to sample refer to. This eliminates the need for time-consuming sampling and by relating drilling progress to the samples from the backwash of the pilot hole Analyze existing formation already advantageous.
  • Such probes can, for example, downhole cameras, Acoustic probes e.g. (Digital Acoustic Borehole Televiewer), Borehole radar antennas, resistance probes (resistivity imaging tool, microresistivity), gamma probes, ultrasonic probes, Pulsed neutron probes etc.
  • Acoustic probes e.g. (Digital Acoustic Borehole Televiewer), Borehole radar antennas, resistance probes (resistivity imaging tool, microresistivity), gamma probes, ultrasonic probes, Pulsed neutron probes etc.
  • Such geophysical probes are from the prior art Technology basically known.
  • EP 0 384 823 A1 a geoelectric probe in the form of a Measuring block, which is provided with a central electrode and in a test hole is drained.
  • To focus the Test streams are active and passive Focusing system provided.
  • the invention is used in well exploration Electrode measuring string with at least six electrodes in the Pilot hole introduced.
  • the Electrodes on the measuring string under the same mutual Intervals arranged and the measuring string has several electrical connection lines on by at least one Lead the end of the measuring strand to the electrodes.
  • Such a measuring string can be used to make different ones Electrodes located on the measurement string from the end the measuring line so that it is not shifted or needs to be replaced. Achieving different Penetration depths can be done in the simplest way that electrodes of different distances from each other for the Measurement can be used. At the same time, with the measuring strand according to the invention the most varied Realize electrode arrangements without the electrodes themselves would have to be relocated.
  • the borehole for temperature measuring cables for Humidity sensor cable, for voltage measuring devices and others Rock mechanical and hydrogeological instruments Surveillance can be used.
  • a Method for driving a tunnel in which first an exploration of the planned tunnel route after a the procedures described above. Then will the tunnel route opened, with an orientation of the Propulsion takes place on the pilot bore.
  • high-precision drilling is carried out, so that the actual tunnel course already through the Pilot drilling can be determined.
  • the drilling machinery at the pilot hole oriented i.e. follows the course of the pilot hole no further position measurements or corrections be made to make the tunnel the desired course contains.
  • the pilot hole can also be used for rod guidance Expanding holes, e.g. after the raise drilling process become. With a correspondingly large or multiple expansion hole In this way, the target tunnel cross-section can be achieved create.
  • pilot hole When driving up the tunnel can be after further training the pilot hole to an intrusion hole for mining Driveways will be expanded.
  • the pilot hole can also during the tunnel construction for the laying of Communication lines and supply lines used become.
  • the pilot hole can be expanded to cover the cross-section To be able to absorb amounts of water.
  • Fig. 1 shows a mountainous geological formation, wherein Areas with different geological structures hatched differently.
  • the planned tunnel route can be installed according to the first proposed methods along the geology planned tunnel route.
  • This preview can in a conventional way by deep geoelectric sounding from the surface as described at the beginning has been.
  • a continuous pilot bore 12 is created.
  • a drilling apparatus 14 used which with the help of an entire drill path of steerable drill head a pilot hole created along the planned tunnel route. Through the Information obtained during the preliminary investigation can be used to create the pilot hole Select the drill accordingly.
  • samples are taken from the pilot bore, to continue exploring the planned tunnel route. This can by taking samples from the pilot well's backflow respectively. However, it can also start from the pilot hole 12 test holes in different places on the same side 16 can be performed (see FIG. 2), the result of these test bores to the end of the pilot holes becomes.
  • Electrode measuring string 18 in the pilot hole are introduced, which is shown in Fig. 3.
  • the Measuring strand 18 has a plurality of electrodes 20, which on these are arranged at equal mutual distances, wherein electrical leads from one end of the Measuring strand are led to each individual electrode.
  • Such a measuring string 18 can be made after the borehole 12 by coupling to the drill pipe easily through the Borehole 12 are drawn.
  • two electrodes of the measuring string are connected as current electrodes (A i , B i ) and two further electrodes are connected as potential electrodes (M i , N i ).
  • the geoelectric data can be obtained by measuring the resulting potential difference.
  • it is possible to select the appropriate electrode arrangement by simply switching on other electrodes or by switching between the electrodes.
  • Known arrangements can be used here, such as the Wenner arrangement (A i , M i , N i , B i ), the dipole arrangement (A i , B i , M i , N i ) or the Carpenter arrangement ( A i , M i , B i , N i ).
  • the Wenner arrangement is primarily used for the investigation in areas with homogeneous layer formation and different inclinations. For the mapping of steeply inhomogeneities, such as faults and other, it is more favorable to carry out measurements with the dipole arrangement.
  • the distance between the individual electrodes determines the depth of penetration, but can be chosen almost freely by using the measuring strand.
  • a measuring string 18 is introduced into the horizontal borehole 12 of the pilot bore, a large number of electrodes being arranged on the measuring string at regular intervals.
  • the connecting lines of the individual electrodes of the measuring line are led to one end of the measuring line.
  • the electrodes 20 (M 1 , N 1 , M 2 , N 2 or M n , N n ) are selected so that the rock complex to be examined can be completely "irradiated", ie flowed through.
  • a current electrode (not shown) is fixed at one point on the surface of the earth and a further current electrode (not shown) is attached to the ground at a distance from the measuring point.
  • the potential electrodes are first moved along the distance of the borehole, which can be done by mechanical movement of the measuring string. However, it is simpler to use different electrodes of the measuring string. If a "shadow formation" appears, the measurement must be repeated from several current electrode positions to delimit the contours of the interfering body. The current electrode can then be moved to another location or, if a measuring string is also used for the current electrodes, the adjacent current electrode is activated and the measurement is repeated.
  • Electrodes located on the earth's surface can also use current electrodes and voltage electrodes be reversed, i.e. the electrodes inside the borehole are used as current electrodes, whereas those on the Electrodes located on the earth's surface as potential electrodes be used.
  • the geoelectric tomography described above is suitable excellent for localization of loosening zones and tectonic disturbances, for locating waterways and Water inclusions, and it can run between parallel Boreholes an inventory of existing lines on low or high-resistance areas are examined.
  • the measuring strand 18 shown only schematically in FIG. 3 has a plurality of annular electrodes 20 on the Measuring line at an equal distance of 100 cm are arranged.
  • the annular electrodes 20 are in one Plastic hose incorporated so that the ring-shaped The outer circumference of the metal electrodes 20 remains free.
  • the Connection lines for the respective electrodes 20 run inside the plastic tube and are shielded. Overall, the measuring string is flexible and can be easily operated wind up on a cable drum.
  • the measuring string has a switching device in its interior that includes a switch that electrode 20 optionally with the connecting cables of the power bus and the Voltage bus connects. This is within the Measuring strand a two-wire current bus and a two-wire Voltage bus provided. Through the two signal lines the respective electrodes can be put on the individual Switch bus lines so that any number of Electrodes controlled with only a few connecting lines can be.
  • the electrode 20 When the switching device is activated via a at the end of the Measuring strand 18 arranged connecting device (not shown), the electrode 20 can be connected to any connecting line be switched.
  • the switching device is connected to the Supply voltage connected and is via the Signal line activated.
  • the response of the switching device takes place via a digital address, whereby via a provided digital code can be set to which Bus the assigned electrode 20 is to be switched.
  • each electrode 20 is one Switching device assigned.
  • the switching device exists from a small electronic circuit and is inside of the measuring strand added.
  • the Above mentioned switching device can preferably on the Signal line can be activated and digitally controlled. At the control device switches the assigned electrode to the desired wire of the power bus or the voltage bus. A shielding of the connecting line is advantageous in that the geoelectric measurements then not be disturbed.
  • the body of the measuring strand can also pass through the Connection lines are formed by the electrodes are surrounded in a ring.
  • Such an embodiment is very inexpensive and easy to manufacture because only the annular electrodes at regular intervals on the Connection lines must be attached by the Electrodes are passed through.
  • Such an embodiment is very robust and less prone to malfunction, because the Connection lines inside the plastic hose are protected.
  • the measuring string used according to the invention can have a length > 100 m, preferably> 400 m and can also be assume the length of kilometers, depending on the length of the tunnels to be created.
  • Such a long measuring string in the The order of magnitude of 100 m or more enables geoelectric detection of a very large area, without, however, electrodes having to be moved.
  • the switchgear can be attached to everyone for increased safety Electrode can also be provided twice. Because the cost of one such switching device are small, is such Embodiment particularly advantageous because if one Switching device the measuring string is not inoperative, but the respective electrode by the second provided Switching device that has a different address, can be addressed.
  • a measuring system not shown, has a current source as well a voltage measuring device, which is integrated in a computer are.
  • a connector is at one end of the Measuring strand connected to its connecting lines, so that the Current source and the voltage measuring device with at least four any electrodes of the measuring string can be connected.
  • the You can access the electrodes you want are program-controlled, with any measuring programs, i.e. Electrode distances can be selected.
  • the measuring system and whose connecting device can preferably be from one Computer can be controlled. This gives you a fully automatic borehole detection system with not yet existing possibilities, the one within a very short time allows detailed recording of the geological formation, through which the tunnel is to be drilled, and at the same time works very inexpensively.
  • the cost of such Systems are around a third of the cost of comparable seismic systems.
  • the Connection device with the connecting lines of a second Measuring strand connected to the surface of the earth, the electrodes with the help of the provided adapter in the Soil are plugged in.
  • the electrode measuring string can also be used for the geoelectric tomography described above as a transmitter and can also be used as a receiver. This is the complete mountain range with an unprecedented Capture resolution and density of information.
  • a particularly advantageous variant of the above The method is achieved by moving the Electrodes inside the borehole are made in that other electrodes of the same measuring string can be used. This allows the geological structure along the entire hole, without the measuring string would have to be mechanically displaced or moved. At the same time the penetration depth can be determined by the relative distance of the Electrode dependent, by choosing the appropriate one Set electrodes freely. This allows for the first time large-scale geological formation "shine through" without that a variety of vertical test holes are drilled should be. At the same time, it is not necessary Electrode measuring string several times within the borehole to move mechanically.
  • electrodes are essentially in the one hand horizontal bore of the pilot hole introduced and additional electrodes are attached to the earth's surface become.
  • This procedure uses at least two Potential electrodes inserted into the borehole.
  • a current is passed through two current electrodes, which are attached to the surface.
  • the voltage between the two potential electrodes can be between the electrodes attached to the surface of the earth and the electrodes inside the borehole located rock complex "shine through" so that completely new information in an unprecedented Density of information can be obtained.
  • the electrode measuring string can after creating the drill hole on the drill pipe through the Borehole be drawn, so that a laying of the measuring string is possible within a very short time.
  • Another embodiment of the method described above is achieved in that not only within the Borehole electrodes are varied, but that also at least one of the current electrodes on the Earth's surface is displaced. This will resolve the measurements significantly increased.
  • an electrode of a measuring string is used, that is described methods of geoelectric tomography still further improved, since in this case the relocation of the Electricity electrodes on the earth's surface also no longer must be done mechanically, but by choosing different ones Electrodes of the measuring string can take place.
  • adapters that support the Extend electrodes like a rod.
  • the adapter can be designed like a spit and attached to the ring electrodes using a joint clamp become.
  • the tunnel can be driven using the pilot hole 12 take place, as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the tunnel boring device 22 is based on the Pilot bore 12, so that no expensive position monitoring must be carried out.
  • the pilot hole can be at Use track jacking for apron drainage. Also can use communication lines during tunnel construction the pilot hole, which may also be carried out an intrusion well can be expanded.
  • Fig. 5 shows a vertical section through the soil in Area of a planned tunnel route.
  • One parallel to planned tunnel route 120 running bore 112c is located at a greater distance from the planned tunnel route below the planned tunnel excavation.
  • Information about the underlying geological strata give. So it can be seen, for example, whether affected area below the planned tunnel driveway swellable horizons, e.g. Clays, or anhydrites, that are may be able to build up a source pressure. This can be of particular interest in areas where too Deformations still occur today that may only be too a later point in time when the tunnel route is endangered being able to lead.
  • Rock samples can also be taken from the Remove the hole below the planned tunnel approach and also insert a measuring string 110c to a geoelectric Perform tomography.
  • any layers between that in the Exploration drilling along the planned tunnel route introduced measuring strand 110b, the measuring strand 110a or the Electrodes on the surface of the earth and the measuring string 110c in the Drill exploration hole 112c.
  • it offers this also gives the possibility of voltage sensors 140 to monitor the deformed mountains and possibly an undersole from this hole Initiate relaxation. Finally there is the possibility of this Use borehole for under-drainage.
  • Planned tunnel routes or other structures are located often very far below the surface or Water surface, so that measurements from the earth, or Water surface from only with a lower resolution can be carried out.
  • measurements from the earth, or Water surface from only with a lower resolution can be carried out.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Testing Of Engines (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Claims (21)

  1. Procédé de reconnaissance de tronçons de tunnel planifiés, à allure sensiblement horizontale, comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    reconnaissance préliminaire de la géologie le long du tronçon de tunnel planifié, en vue de préparer un forage pilote ;
    établissement d'un forage pilote continu, avec une-tête de forage susceptible d'être dirigée dans l'allure du forage, le long du tronçon de tunnel planifié ;
    prélèvement d'échantillons depuis le forage pilote ; et
    reconnaissance géophysique du forage pilote.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le forage pilote est établi sensiblement le long de l'axe du tronçon de tunnel planifié.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, lors de l'établissement du forage pilote, sont enregistrés des paramètres de progression du forage, qui sont ensuite exploités pour procéder à la reconnaissance du forage pilote.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un ou plusieurs des paramètres de progression de forage suivant sont exploités pour la reconnaissance du forage pilote : pressage au forage, vitesse de progression, abrasion de la tête de forage.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des échantillons sont prélevés lors du prélèvement d'échantillons, depuis le reflux de rinçage du forage pilote.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des forages pilotes latéraux sont effectués lors du prélèvement d'échantillons, en partant du forage pilote sensiblement horizontal.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la reconnaissance préliminaire par sondage en profondeur géophysique se fait depuis la surface.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le trou de forage est utilisé pour l'installation temporaire d'appareils de mesure de tension.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des examens hydrologiques sont effectués dans le trou de forage, par exemple des mesures du pH ou de la conductibilité, et en ce que des échantillons d'eau sont alors prélevés, de façon continue ou par tronçons.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le trou de forage est examiné avec l'utilisation de caméras vidéos.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le trou de forage est transformé, en utilisant un tronçon filtrant, en un drainage ou en une fontaine horizontale.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le trou de forage est utilisé pour des mesures sismiques par vibrations, pendant la progression.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des forages borgnes latéraux sont réalisés depuis le trou de forage.
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des sondes géophysiques sont tirées à travers le trou de forage, lors de la reconnaissance de ce trou de forage.
  15. Procédé de creusement d'un tunnel, comprenant les étapes suivantes:
    reconnaissance du tronçon de tunnel planifié suivant un procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13 précédentes ;
    creusement du tronçon de tunnel, avec orientation de la progression par utilisation du forage pilote.
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que le forage pilote est exploité simultanément pour procéder à un assèchement de la zone avant de la taille.
  17. Procédé selon la revendication 15 ou 16, caractérisé en ce que le forage pilote est utilisé pendant la construction du tunnel, pour des lignes de communication.
  18. Procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications 15 à 17, caractérisé en ce que le forage pilote est étendu pour donner un trou d'empiétage.
  19. Procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications 15 à 18, caractérisé en ce que le forage pilote est utilisé pour une aération d'extraction et, ainsi, pour un dépoussiérage du front de taille ou pour une aération à insufflation.
  20. Procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications 15 à 19, caractérisé en ce que le forage pilote est utilisé en tant que trou de forage d'alimentation de sauvetage selon les résultats d'éboulement ou d'écroulement, pour la zone du front de taille.
  21. Procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le forage pilote est utilisé pour le guidage de tringlerie prévu pour des forages d'élargissement, par exemple selon le procédé de forage Raise
EP96112725A 1995-09-04 1996-08-07 Méthode pour relever une galerie tunnel planifiée Expired - Lifetime EP0760419B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19532605 1995-09-04
DE19532605A DE19532605A1 (de) 1995-09-04 1995-09-04 Verfahren zum Erkunden von geplanten Tunnelstrecken

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0760419A2 EP0760419A2 (fr) 1997-03-05
EP0760419A3 EP0760419A3 (fr) 1998-06-03
EP0760419B1 true EP0760419B1 (fr) 2001-04-11

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EP (1) EP0760419B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE200557T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19532605A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2157377T3 (fr)

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DE102007021399A1 (de) * 2007-05-18 2008-11-20 Kopp, Thomas Verfahren zur Ermittlung von geoelektrischen Parametern für Untergrundvortriebe-begleitende geologische Voraus- und Umfelderkundungen und Messvorrichtung dazu
FI124169B (fi) 2011-06-14 2014-04-15 Sandvik Mining & Constr Oy Menetelmä poraussuunnitelman laatimiseksi
FI124168B (fi) 2011-06-14 2014-04-15 Sandvik Mining & Constr Oy Menetelmä panostussuunnitelman laatimiseksi
DE102020111585A1 (de) * 2020-04-28 2021-10-28 Herrenknecht Aktiengesellschaft Tunnelbohrmaschine
CN114718446B (zh) * 2022-04-18 2023-06-09 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 山区铁路隧道钻孔布置方法及深孔钻探方法

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JPH0677013B2 (ja) * 1984-10-31 1994-09-28 大成建設株式会社 地質の調査方法
US5314267A (en) * 1992-08-27 1994-05-24 Mark Osadchuk Horizontal pipeline boring apparatus and method
FR2716233A1 (fr) * 1994-02-16 1995-08-18 Geodesign Sa Procédé de détermination de la structure géologique d'un volume déterminé de matériau et moyens pour la mise en Óoeuvre du procédé.

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EP0760419A2 (fr) 1997-03-05
EP0760419A3 (fr) 1998-06-03
ATE200557T1 (de) 2001-04-15
DE59606745D1 (de) 2001-05-17
DE19532605A1 (de) 1997-03-06
ES2157377T3 (es) 2001-08-16

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