EP0750811B1 - Procede de codage de plusieurs signaux audio - Google Patents

Procede de codage de plusieurs signaux audio Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0750811B1
EP0750811B1 EP95907637A EP95907637A EP0750811B1 EP 0750811 B1 EP0750811 B1 EP 0750811B1 EP 95907637 A EP95907637 A EP 95907637A EP 95907637 A EP95907637 A EP 95907637A EP 0750811 B1 EP0750811 B1 EP 0750811B1
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Prior art keywords
signals
decoded
compatible
stand
channels
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0750811A1 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen HERRE
Bernhard Grill
Ernst Eberlein
Karlheinz Brandenburg
Dieter Seitzer
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
    • H04H20/86—Arrangements characterised by the broadcast information itself
    • H04H20/88—Stereophonic broadcast systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S3/00—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic
    • H04S3/02—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic of the matrix type, i.e. in which input signals are combined algebraically, e.g. after having been phase shifted with respect to each other

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for coding several audio signals, in which at least two signals by common stereo coding to a jointly coded Signal are summarized, whereupon the common encoded signal to create simulated decoded Signals are decoded, which together with other signals to create compatible with existing decoders Signals in a compatibility matrix through matrixing are summarized according to the preamble of the claim 1.
  • the present invention is concerned with a Multi-channel coding technology for audio signals, which is the coding standard MPEG-2 can be used.
  • MPEG2 audio standard is not in itself represents a new coding algorithm, but defines extensions the coding algorithms according to the standards MPEG-1 Layer I, II and III.
  • MPEG-1 decoder is not in the Are able to decode an MPEG-2 bit stream the expansion to a multi-channel system with up to 5 Full-range audio channels with an additional low-frequency channel and up to 7 multilingual channels a so-called Backward compatibility for decoders of the standard MPEG-1.
  • MPEG-2 coding for multiple audio channels typically a center channel, a left and a right Basic channel and a left and a right so-called “Surround” channel encoded, optionally a low-frequency enhancement channel for independent transmission and Reproduction of low-frequency information is provided is.
  • a so-called “backwards compatible" Transmission set i.e. the coding is supposed to be made so that the coded signal with already existing two-channel decoders of the MPEG-1 standard are decoded can be.
  • the left and right Basic channel L, R of the MPEG-1 standard through matrixed signals Lc, Rc replaced by a compatibility matrix be generated.
  • the left compatible signal Lc is from the left main channel, the center channel and the left surround channel gained by using these signals with different Matrix coefficients are multiplied and then added up.
  • the bit stream generated in this way is with an MPEG-1 decoder decodable, however, the center information and the Surround information not separately in the MPEG-1 decodable compatible signals Lc, Rc are included.
  • the two-channel signal obtained by matrixing contains all relevant signal components to be backwards compatible To enable decoding. Therefore, in most cases sufficient, in addition to these compatible signals three more channels as part of the multichannel extension data stream transferred to.
  • the missing up to two channels are in the decoder by inverse matrixing or a so-called Reconstructed dematriculation.
  • Common stereo coding techniques are used to use multi-channel irrelevance used, such as the Joint stereo coding based on the "Intensity stereo coding technique" is based. All are coded together Signals transmitted through scaled executions of a single Signals replaced. This is done in such a way that the hearing-relevant signal properties, namely for example the energy or the time envelopes of the Signals, largely preserved.
  • the encoder has five input channels, namely a left and a right basic channel L, R, a center channel C, and a left and a right Surround channel Ls, Rs.
  • the left and right basic channel L, R and the center channel C become one in a first block 1 Joint stereo encoding subjected to a jointly encoded Signal y results.
  • This signal is after quantization fed to a block 3 in a quantization block 2a, who packs the bitstream, i.e. the Standard arrangement of the respective signals and information within the bitstream.
  • the jointly coded signal y also becomes a fourth Block 4 fed a joint stereo decoding of this Signals to create simulated decoded signals L ', R', C 'for the left and right basic channels as well as the Middle channel.
  • These simulated, decoded signals L ', R', C 'on the one hand and the left and right surround channels Ls, Rs are fed to a compatibility matrix 5, which generates the left and right compatible signals Lc ', Rc'.
  • These signals are quantized in the Blocks 2b, 2c also the third block 3 for packing of the bit stream supplied.
  • Fig. 4b the joint stereo decoder is shown, the Is part of the decoder shown in Fig. 4c.
  • the latter decoder comprises a block 6 for unpacking of the bit stream, which is followed by several blocks 7a, 7b, 7c are whose function is inverse to the function of the Blocks 2a to 2c and which on the output side this is common encoded signal y, the left compatible signal Lc 'and the generate right compatible signal Rc '.
  • the coded together Signal y undergoes a joint stereo decoding within of block 8 subjected to the decoded signals L ', R' for the left and right basic channels as well as the decoded Generate signal C 'for the center signal.
  • the latter Signals are compatible with the two signals Lc ', Rc' fed to an inverse compatibility matrix 9, through which the missing channels, namely the left and right Surround channel Ls ', Rs' can be recovered.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that this Procedure in which the IS coding is applied first and then by matrixing the compatible signals generated, the consistency of all involved Forces signals and therefore correct dematriated channels causes, however, to a changed coherence of the IS coding leads to signals involved, which may cause it to audible interference of the compatible channels Lc, Rc is coming.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the original Signals are generally considered uncorrelated can be, so that in a "right" compatible signal add up their energies. Treads however, the last explained way, in which the IS coding is performed and then by matrixing the compatible signals Lc, Rc are generated, so add due to the complete coherence of the signals, the amplitudes, so that usually a signal with a significant greater energy is generated.
  • the above article also deals with the stereo compatible Surround sound transmission using the "Hidden Channel Technique".
  • This technique serves one Audio signal to add inaudible information.
  • the matrixing coefficients are chosen such that the Matrix can be inverted. It will use both of fixed coefficients as well as the use of themselves changing coefficients envisaged.
  • the present The invention is therefore based on the object of a method for Coding several audio signals of the type mentioned above to further develop that despite the use of common stereo coding techniques on at least part of the code to be encoded Audio signals the compatible generated by matrixing Signals do not cause audible interference.
  • a dynamic rescaling or modification of the matrixing / dematricing operation is done by that the compatible signals or the simulated decoded Signals using at least one dynamic correction factor be dynamically weighted so that the compatible signals with regard to their hearing-relevant signal properties, namely preferably their energies or their time envelopes, to the corresponding signal properties, namely again preferably the energies or the time envelopes of the signals which are approximated at a direct matrixing (without common stereo coding) of the Signals would be created using the compatibility matrix.
  • the encoder comprises a circuit 10 for calculating a single dynamic correction factor m, to which the following input signals are supplied: the left and right basic channels L, R and the center channel C as well as those by means of joint stereo coding within of block 1 and simulated decoded right and left basic channels L 'R- and the simulated decoded center channel C' generated by subsequent joint stereo decoding within block 4.
  • the adaptation of the signal properties relevant to hearing with regard to the energies of the opposing signals L, R, C or L ', R', C ' is to be achieved.
  • the compatible signals should therefore achieve energy conservation in comparison to "correct" compatible signals.
  • This common correction factor is used to weight each of the simulated decoded signals L ', R', C 'at the output of block 4 (by means of a multiplier, not shown) before the signals L', R ', C' of the compatibility matrix 5, which are scaled dynamically in this way be fed.
  • the dynamic correction factor m is called side information within the signal packed by block 3 to the decoder transmitted, which is shown in Fig. 1c.
  • Block 6 provides functions for unpacking the bit stream the correction factor m transmitted as side information.
  • a and b and c denote Coefficients of the inverse compatibility matrix.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2c of the encoder or decoder according to the invention with the exception of the differences explained below those described with reference to Figs. 4 and 1, respectively Structures and functions are used accordingly, so that matching or comparable circuit blocks designated with the same reference numerals are.
  • the left and right Correction factor ml, mr as side information of the circuit 3 fed to pack the bit stream and through the circuit 6 recovered for unpacking the bit stream.
  • 2nd kr
  • a, b and c again designate factors the compatibility matrix used in block 5.
  • the left and right correction factors kl, kr (using multiplier (not shown) the left or right compatible signal Lc ', Rc' at the output of the compatibility matrix Multiplied by 3.
  • These correction factors are in turn the block 3 for packing the bit stream, which these correction factors as side information to the decoder transmits, which is shown in Fig. 3c.
  • the block 6 shown there for unpacking the bit stream delivers again the two correction factors kr, kl.
  • the decoded left or right compatible signal Lc ', Rc' (by means of a multiplier, not shown) with the Reciprocal 1 / kl; Multiplied 1 / kr before the weighted so Signals along with the decoded left and right Channel L ', R' and the decoded center channel C 'of the inverse Compatibility matrix 9 for recovering the left or right surround channel Ls ', Rs' are supplied.
  • the embodiment described above relates to the special application of an extended multi-channel audio coding according to the MPEG-2 standard.
  • teachings of the present invention can be used wherever at least two signals by common stereo coding to one coded Signal summarized and simulated decoded from this Signals are obtained, which with other signals in a compatibility matrix for compatible signals be summarized.
  • the dynamic correction factors calculated such that energy conservation of the compatible signals compared to such signals results when directly applied to the Compatibility matrix without prior common stereo coding would be preserved.
  • energy conservation comes instead of looking at squared signals use for the consideration of energy conservation exponent other than exponent 2 into consideration.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Algebra (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)
  • Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
  • Stereo-Broadcasting Methods (AREA)
  • Transmission Systems Not Characterized By The Medium Used For Transmission (AREA)
  • Reduction Or Emphasis Of Bandwidth Of Signals (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé pour le codage de plusieurs signaux audio, dans lequel
    au moins deux signaux (L, R, C) sont, par codage stéréo commun, réunis en un signal codé en commun (y),
    le signal codé en commun (y) est décodé, pour créer des signaux décodés simulés (L', R', C'),
    le signal décodé simulé (L', R', C') et au moins un autre signal (Ls, Rs) sont réunis par matriçage, dans une matrice de compatibilité, pour créer des signaux (Lc', Rc') compatibles avec des décodeurs présents,
    caractérisé par l'étape suivante consistant à pondérer dynamiquement soit les signaux compatibles (Lc', Rc'), soit les signaux décodés simulés (L', R', C') à l'aide d'au moins un facteur de correction dynamique (m; ml, mr; kl, kr), pour rapprocher les signaux compatibles (Lc', Rc'), quant à leurs propriétés de signal pertinentes pour l'ouïe, des signaux qui se produiraient en cas de matriçage direct de ces au moins deux signaux (L, R, C) et de l'autre signal (Ls, Rs) à l'aide de cette matrice de compatibilité.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'étape de la pondération dynamique des signaux compatibles (Lc', Rc') ou des signaux décodés simulés (L', R', C') à l'aide du facteur de correction dynamique (m; ml, mr; kl, kr) est réalisée de telle manière que les signaux compatibles (Lc', Rc') sont rapprochés, quant à leur énergie, de l'énergie des signaux qui se produiraient en cas de matriçage direct de ces au moins deux signaux (L, R, C) et de l'autre signal (Ls, Rs) à l'aide de la matrice de compatibilité.
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait
    que l'étape du codage stéréo commun comprend un codage stéréo commun des canaux de base gauche et droit (L, R) et du canal central (C), et
    que les autres signaux correspondent aux canaux surround gauche et droit (Ls, Rs).
  4. Procédé suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que la matrice de compatibilité est comme suit: Lc' = a·L' + b·C' + c·Ls; Rc' = a·R' + b·C' + c·Rs, où (Ls, Rs) représentent les canaux surround gauche et droit, (L' et R') représentent les canaux de oase gauche et droit décodés simulés, (C') représente le canal central décodé simulé, (a, b et c) représentent des coefficients de la matrice de compatibilité et (Lc', Rc') représentent les signaux compatibles.
  5. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait
    qu'il est calculé un facteur de correction dynamique unique (m) à partir des au moins deux signaux (L, R, C) qui sont à soumettre au codage stéréo commun et d'au moins une partie des signaux décodés simulés (L', R', C'), et
    que chacun des signaux décodés simulés est multiplié par ce facteur de correction dynamique (m) avant son matriçage.
  6. Procédé pour le décodage des signaux audio codés suivant la revendication 5, avec renvoi à la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que
    le facteur de correction (m) est transmis au décodeur,
    le signal codé en commun (y) est soumis à un décodage stéréo commun, pour obtenir les canaux de base gauche et droit décodés (L', R') ainsi que le canal central décodé (C'),
    les canaux de base gauche et droit décodés (L', R') ainsi que le canal central décodé (C') sont pondérés par multiplication par le facteur de correction, et
    les signaux ainsi pondérés (mL', mR', mC') sont, ensemble avec les signaux compatibles (Lc, Rc), soumis au matriçage, à l'aide d'une matrice de compatibilité inverse, pour la récupération des canaux surround droit et gauche (Ls', Rs').
  7. Procédé suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que le facteur de correction unique (m) est déterminé selon le rapport suivant: m = | a · L + a · R + b · C | 2 | a · L' + a · R' + b · C' | 2 où (L) et (R) désignent les canaux de base gauche et droit, (C) désigne le canal central, (a et b) désignent des coefficients de la matrice de compatibilité et (L' et R') désignent des canaux de base gauche et droit décodés simulés générés par codage stéréo commun et décodage stéréo commun.
  8. Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait
       qu'il est déterminé deux facteurs de correction dynamiques (ml, mr) de telle manière qu'il est satisfait aux équations suivantes: | a·L + b·C + c·Ls | 2 = | ml · (a·L' + b·C') + c·Ls | 2 | a·R + b·C + c·Rs | 2 = | mr · (a·R' + b·C') + c·Rs | 2 où (Ls, Rs) représentent les canaux surround gauche et droit, (L et R) représentent les canaux de base gauche et droit, (C) représente le canal central, (a, b et c) représentent des coefficients de la matrice de compatibilité et (Lc', Rc') représentent les signaux compatibles. et
       que le canal gauche décodé simulé (L') obtenu par codage stéréo commun et par décodage stéréo commun successif ainsi que le canal central décodé simulé (C') sont pondérés par l'un des facteurs de correction (ml) et le canal droit décodé simulé (R') obtenu par codage stéréo commun et par décodage stéréo commun successif ainsi que le canal central décodé simulé (C') sont pondérés par l'autre facteur de correction (mr), avant qu'ils ne sont soumis au matriçage à l'aide de la matrice de compatibilité ensemble avec les canaux surround gauche et droit (Ls, Rs), pour créer les signaux compatibles.
  9. Procédé pour le décodage des signaux audio codés suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait que
    les deux facteurs de correction (ml, mr) sont transmis au décodeur,
    le signal codé en commun (y) est soumis à un décodage stéréo commun, pour obtenir les canaux de base gauche et droit décodés (L', R') ainsi que le canal central décodé (C'),
    le canal de base gauche décodé (L') et le canal central décodé (C') sont pondérés par multiplication par l'un des facteurs de correction (ml) et le canal central décodé (C') ainsi que le canal de base droit décodé (R') par l'autre facteur de correction (mr), et
    les signaux ainsi pondérés (ml·L', mr·R', ml·C', mr·C') sont, ensemble avec les signaux compatibles (Lc', Rc'), soumis au matriçage, à l'aide d'une matrice de compatibilité inverse, pour la récupération des canaux surround droit et gauche (Rs', Ls').
  10. Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait
    qu'il est déterminbé deux facteurs de correction dynamiques (kl, kr) de telle manière qu'il est satisfait aux équations suivantes: kl = | a·L + b·C + c·Ls | 2 | a·L' + b·C' + c·Ls' | 2 kr = | a·R + b·C + c·Rs | 2 | a·R' + b·C' + c·Rs' | 2 où (L', R' et C') désignent les canaux gauche, droit et central décodés simulés, (Ls, Rs) désignent les canaux surround gauche et droit, (L et R) désignent les canaux de base gauche et droit, (C) désigne le canal central, (a, b et c) désignent des coefficients de la matrice de compatibilité et (Lc', Rc') désignent les signaux compatibles, et
       que chacun des signaux compatibles (Lc', Rc') générés par matriçage est pondéré par multiplication, chacun par l'un des facteurs de correction (kl, kr).
  11. Procédé pour le décodage des signaux audio codés suivant la revendication 10, caractérisé par le fait que
    les facteurs de correction (kl, kr) sont transmis au décodeur,
    les signaux compatibles (Lc', Rc') sont divisés par les facteurs de correction (kl, kr), et
    les signaux compatibles ainsi pondérés (Lc'/kl, Rc'/kr) sont, ensemble avec les signaux (L', R', C') obtenus par le décodage stéréo commun du signal codé en commun (y), soumis à une matrice de compatibilité inverse, pour créer les canaux surround gauche et droit (Ls', Rs').
EP95907637A 1994-03-18 1995-02-02 Procede de codage de plusieurs signaux audio Expired - Lifetime EP0750811B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4409368 1994-03-18
DE4409368A DE4409368A1 (de) 1994-03-18 1994-03-18 Verfahren zum Codieren mehrerer Audiosignale
PCT/EP1995/000378 WO1995026083A1 (fr) 1994-03-18 1995-02-02 Procede de codage de plusieurs signaux audio

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EP0750811A1 EP0750811A1 (fr) 1997-01-02
EP0750811B1 true EP0750811B1 (fr) 1998-03-25

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US (1) US5701346A (fr)
EP (1) EP0750811B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3193921B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR0173391B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE164479T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU682926B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE4409368A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995026083A1 (fr)

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AU1577495A (en) 1995-10-09
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WO1995026083A1 (fr) 1995-09-28
US5701346A (en) 1997-12-23
EP0750811A1 (fr) 1997-01-02
KR0173391B1 (en) 1999-04-01
ATE164479T1 (de) 1998-04-15
DE4409368A1 (de) 1995-09-21
DE59501719D1 (de) 1998-04-30
AU682926B2 (en) 1997-10-23

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