EP0731901A1 - Process for firing formed ceramic bodies and installation for carrying out the process - Google Patents
Process for firing formed ceramic bodies and installation for carrying out the processInfo
- Publication number
- EP0731901A1 EP0731901A1 EP95902095A EP95902095A EP0731901A1 EP 0731901 A1 EP0731901 A1 EP 0731901A1 EP 95902095 A EP95902095 A EP 95902095A EP 95902095 A EP95902095 A EP 95902095A EP 0731901 A1 EP0731901 A1 EP 0731901A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- zone
- fresh air
- heating zone
- furnace
- firing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/02—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces
- F27B9/021—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces having two or more parallel tracks
- F27B9/022—With two tracks moving in opposite directions
- F27B9/023—With two tracks moving in opposite directions with a U turn at one end
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/3005—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases
- F27B9/3011—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases arrangements for circulating gases transversally
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for firing ceramic moldings, in particular bricks, by guiding the moldings through a heating zone, a firing zone and a cooling zone, the moldings in the heating zone opposite to moldings having a channel arranged parallel to the heating zone and a common channel with the heating zone forming cooling zone are moved, as well as a plant for performing the method.
- DE-A-25 51 811 A method of this type is known from DE-A-25 51 811.
- the moldings are packed in large quantities tightly in stacks, so that heating can be slow.
- DE-A-25 51 811 strives to improve the gas flow within the kiln, etc. by setting a stationary atmosphere in the longitudinal direction of the furnace channel in the heating zone and in the cooling zone, a strong circulation taking place in sections transverse to the longitudinal direction of the channel between a section of the cooling zone and a corresponding section of the heating zone
- the invention aims to avoid these disadvantages and difficulties and has as its object to provide a method and a system for performing the method with which it is possible with high energy savings to get by without or with only very little artificially generated transverse circulation.
- the naturally occurring heat transfer by body radiation or gas radiation and heat convection should be optimally used.
- DOCUMENTS This object is achieved in a method of the type described in the introduction in that the moldings are transported through the zones to a plurality of narrow, parallel facing, preferably each having a width corresponding to the length of a molding, layered panel walls, one in one direction through the zones Heating zone and cooling zone of the facing disk wall is moved closely adjacent to a facing disk wall guided in the opposite direction with intensive radiant heat transfer.
- the material flows formed by the formations are finely fanned out through the heating zone, firing zone and cooling zone, with a material flow coming into the system coming to lie between outgoing material flows Moldings contained heat content by radiation.
- a kiln for burning wet moldings is known, the moldings migrating into the firing zone in a single arrangement due to their low strength and the hot products coming from the firing zone in the opposite direction to the still unbaked goods next to and / or migrate above or below it, releasing its thermal energy while cooling the unbaked goods before they enter the firing zone and drying these goods.
- drying and firing take place in the same channel.
- the kiln serves as a heat exchanger, since a molding coming from the firing zone runs next to each foam molding entering the firing zone. The heat transfer takes place in the form of flow heat.
- facing disk walls are preferably formed, the thickness of which corresponds at most to the largest dimension of a molding.
- the moldings can be stacked crosswise to form the trimming panel walls, whereby a high stability of a trimming panel wall is achieved.
- Trimming panel walls are expediently formed, the ratio of thickness to height of which is in a range between 1: 1 and 1: 6, preferably between 1: 1 and 1: 4. This ensures a high throughput through the system with sufficient stability.
- the facing disk walls are preferably moved in a manner known per se through the heating zone to the firing zone along a first path, converted to an adjacent path in the firing zone and through the cooling zone along the adjacent path opposite to the direction in which the trimming panel walls were led through the heating zone, the material flows can be easily manipulated, since the molded articles are fed into the system and the molded products are removed from the system after the firing process on one and the same side the system can take place.
- furnace gas is drawn off both from the heating zone and from the firing zone and an initial area of the heating zone, etc. an application zone, in turn fed, whereby it is possible to use a large part of the furnace gas as heat transfer medium.
- the furnace gas is largely circulated and is only in
- the hot furnace gas supplied to the heating zone is fed to this zone in a decreasing amount as the length progresses, as a result of which the moldings are heated up particularly gently and gently
- fresh air is expediently preheated and the preheated fresh air is fed to the combustion zone
- the preheated fresh air supplied to the firing zone is increasing in increasing quantity as the length of the firing zone progresses - u.zw. to the reversal area - fed.
- the preheated fresh air supplied to the burn-out zone is expediently supplied in decreasing quantity as the length of the burn-out zone progresses.
- extracted furnace gas is fed to the combustion zone, preferably via a mixing chamber arranged in the area in which the moldings are reversed.
- This makes it possible, particularly in connection with returning the furnace gas to the heating zone, to use a very large part of the furnace gas as the heat transfer medium.
- it is possible to recycle up to 80% of the furnace gas as a heat transfer medium in the process during the burning of burned-out moldings.
- the fresh air supply is then used exclusively for heat conversion, i.e. to maintain the actual combustion processes.
- the extracted furnace gas can also be fed to a drying oven instead of being discharged through a chimney after any cleaning that may be required (in particular when burning pollutant-emitting moldings).
- Heavy oil or alternative fuels such as sewage sludge etc. are advantageously used as fuel.
- a system for carrying out the decay, with a tunnel furnace having a heating zone, a combustion zone and a cooling zone and with a plurality of bogie car trains which can be moved through the tunnel oven, a bogie car train being movable in the opposite direction to an adjacent bogie car train is characterized in that a bogie car train is formed.
- Kiln cars are each designed to accommodate a maximum of two side panel walls arranged side by side.
- the kiln cars used according to the invention are thus very narrow and light; in particular if the kiln cars are each designed only to accommodate a single trimming disk wall, the width of a kiln car being only slightly wider than the maximum largest dimension of a molding. They are then particularly easy to manipulate.
- the tunnel kiln is preferably designed as a reversing tunnel kiln, at one end of which there is an unloading and loading station for the kiln cars and at the other end of which a kiln car transfer station located in the burning zone for converting the kiln cars to exit lanes arranged in parallel with entry lanes for the kiln cars is arranged. Due to the light construction of the kiln cars, moving them inside the reversing tunnel kiln is not difficult.
- a preferred embodiment is characterized in that between the heating zone and the firing zone or between the firing zone and the cooling zone, an oven gas suction channel opens into the interior of the oven, which has a first branch channel that leads to an initial region of the heating zone, etc. a warming-up zone of the same, is guided and opens there via one or more orifices distributed over the length of the warming-up zone and has a second branch duct which leads to an exhaust gas chimney, a third branch duct of the furnace gas suction duct expediently entering the combustion zone, preferably in a mixing chamber of the combustion zone arranged at the end of the reversing tunnel furnace opens
- the furnace gas suction channel is advantageously designed as a recuperator for heating fired air, which is fed in through a fresh air supply line, the fresh air supply line being designed as a jacket duct surrounding the furnace gas suction channel
- the fresh air is preferably conducted in a first recuperator part in countercurrent to the furnace gas sensed in the first branch duct, and the preheated fresh air can be supplied at least in part to a burn-out zone following the heating zone of the heating zone via branch lines.
- the fresh air supplied in the fresh air supply line is expediently conducted in a second recuperator part in cocurrent to the furnace gas flowing in the second branch duct and can at least partly be supplied to the combustion zone via branch lines.
- the fresh air supply line preferably opens into the burner with a branch line, so that the burner is supplied with preheated fresh air
- the fresh air supply line preferably opens into a drying oven.
- hot air driving nozzles for supplying preheated fresh air are provided in the side walls of the tunnel furnace in the heating zone and in the cooling zone.
- high-pressure burners can also be provided in the side walls of the tunnel furnace in the heating zone and in the cooling zone and, if appropriate, in the firing zone.
- the kiln cars can be guided on rail tracks arranged in the interior of the tunnel kiln by means of high-temperature-resistant castors which are arranged on the underside of a refractory bogie car body, the bottom of the tunnel kiln advantageously being guided by one sealing cover plate is formed
- a combustion chamber for the combustion of secondary fuel is expediently provided with an ash discharge device which is shielded from the combustion zone by a flame protection wall
- FIG. 1 shows the floor plan of a reversing tunnel furnace according to the invention with the ceiling removed in a schematic illustration.
- FIG. 2 also shows a longitudinal vertical section through the tunnel furnace according to the invention in a schematic illustration.
- 3 illustrates the average temperature conditions prevailing in the interior of the furnace and the magnitude of the heat capacities (hatched areas) which build up during the firing process.
- Fig. 4 shows a partial cross section through the reversing tunnel furnace according to the invention, wherein clinker is stacked as moldings on the bogie.
- Fig. 5 shows a side view of a furnace car provided with trimmings. 6 and 7 illustrate, in a representation analogous to FIGS. 4 and 5, a stock for plate-shaped moldings. 8 shows the convection flow on a schematically illustrated cross section through the furnace according to the invention.
- FIG. 9 shows an auxiliary brick in oblique view.
- a reversing tunnel furnace of the system according to the invention in the interior 2 of which a heating zone 3, a combustion zone 4 and a cooling zone 5 are provided.
- a plurality of bogie car trains 6 can be moved in the longitudinal direction thereof - according to the exemplary embodiment shown in the figures, there are six bogie car trains 6, each of which a bogie car train 6 is movable in the opposite direction to an adjacent bogie car train 6 along rail tracks 7, and the like .zw. in the following way:
- Each of the bogie wagons 8 forming a bogie wagon train 6 are or the like on a with a lifting gate.
- the lockable end 9 of the reversing tunnel furnace is equipped with the moldings 10 to be fired in a special manner (to be described below) and then along every second rail track 7, the so-called entrance railways 11, through the respective heating zone 3 to the firing zone 4 arranged at the other end 12 of the reversing tunnel furnace 1 method.
- a transfer station 13 the mechanics of which are arranged in a room 14 below the reversing tunnel kiln 1, the kiln cars 8 are transferred to the respectively adjacent rail track 7, the so-called exit lanes 15, whereupon the kiln cars 8 pass through the respective cooling zone 5 from the reversing tunnel kiln 1 pulled out - 7 -
- the facing disk walls can advantageously be supported on chamotte-transverse tension sole stones.
- FIG. 1 schematically showing the outline of a reversing tunnel furnace according to the invention with the ceiling removed.
- FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal vertical section through the tunnel furnace according to the invention likewise in a schematic representation.
- 3 illustrates the average temperature conditions prevailing in the interior of the furnace and the magnitude of the heat capacities (hatched areas) which build up during the firing process.
- Fig. 4 shows a partial cross section through the reversing tunnel furnace according to the invention, wherein clinker is stacked as moldings on the bogie.
- Fig. 5 shows a side view of a furnace car provided with trimmings. 6 and 7 illustrate, in a representation analogous to FIGS. 4 and 5, a stock for plate-shaped moldings. 8 shows the convection flow on a schematically illustrated cross section through the furnace according to the invention.
- FIG. 9 shows an auxiliary brick in oblique view.
- a reversing tunnel furnace of the system according to the invention in the interior 2 of which a heating zone 3, a combustion zone 4 and a cooling zone 5 are provided.
- a plurality of bogie car trains 6 are movable in its longitudinal direction - according to the exemplary embodiment shown in the figures, there are six bogie car trains 6, one bogie car train 6 each being movable in the opposite direction to an adjacent bogie car train 6 along rail tracks 7, and the like .zw. in the following way:
- Each of the bogie wagons 8 forming a bogie wagon train 6 are connected to a lift gate or the like.
- the lockable end 9 of the reversing tunnel furnace is equipped with the moldings 10 to be fired in a special manner (to be described below) and then arranged along every second rail track 7, the so-called entrance tracks 11, through the respective heating zone 3 to the other end 12 of the reversing tunnel furnace 1 Move firing zone 4.
- a transfer station 13 the mechanics of which are arranged in a room 14 below the reversing tunnel furnace 1
- the furnace cars 8 are transferred to the respectively adjacent rail track 7, the so-called exit tracks 15, whereupon the furnace cars 8 pass through the respective cooling zone 5 from the reversing tunnel furnace 1 pulled out pictured to use.
- Heat transfer ratios between adjacent trimming panel walls can be significantly improved.
- a transverse convection flow is formed, as illustrated by arrows 27 in FIG. 8
- the end end wall 28 of the reversing tunnel kiln 1, which closes the combustion zone 4, is formed by a hot air distributor wall, behind which there is a high-temperature mixing chamber 29, in which the hot flame gases coming from the burner 30 (or several burners 30), as described later, recycle furnace gas.
- This makes it possible to drive the burner or burners 30 with a high flame temperature, as is formed in purely stoichiometric combustion, and nevertheless to be able to regulate the temperature of the hot gases entering the combustion zone 4 as required.
- an oven gas suction channel 31 opens into the furnace interior 2, which is surrounded by a jacket-like air supply channel 32 with the formation of a recuperator for heating fresh air
- Furnace gas extraction duct 31 has a first branch duct 33, which is guided above the reversing tunnel furnace 1 in the direction of the closable end 9 of the reversing tunnel furnace 1.
- This first branch duct 33 opens out into the starting area of the heating zone 3 with a plurality of outlets 34 distributed over the length of the reversing tunnel furnace 1 , hereinafter referred to as heating zone 3 '.
- auxiliary stone 18 which has the cross section of a double comb, ensures narrow contact surfaces on the moldings, so that only minor surface portions of the moldings 10 are not directly coated by furnace gas. This ensures complete burnout of the burn-out substances contained in the moldings. Furthermore, such auxiliary stones 18 cause a substantially freer convection flow, in particular in the direction of rotation, whereby the
- Heat transfer ratios between adjacent trimming panel walls can be significantly improved.
- a transverse convection flow is formed, as illustrated by arrows 27 in FIG. 8
- the end wall 28 of the reversing tunnel kiln 1, which closes the firing zone 4, is formed by a hot air distributor wall, behind which there is a high-temperature mixing chamber 29 in which the hot ram gases coming from the burner 30 (or several burners 30), as described later, in Circulated furnace gas can be mixed.
- an oven gas suction channel 31 opens into the furnace interior 2, which is surrounded by a jacket-like air supply channel 32 with the formation of a recuperator for heating fresh air
- Furnace gas extraction duct 31 has a first branch duct 33, which is guided above the reversing tunnel furnace 1 in the direction of the closable end 9 of the reversing tunnel furnace 1.
- This first branch duct 33 opens out into the starting area of the heating zone 3 with a plurality of outlets 34 distributed over the length of the reversing tunnel furnace 1 , hereinafter referred to as heating zone 3 '.
- blowers 35 being arranged upstream of the orifices 34 to support and regulate this circuit.
- These fans 35 operate in such a way that the hot furnace gas supplied to the heating zone 3 'progressively increases in length
- fresh air preheated by the furnace gas is fed into the combustion zone via branch lines 47 starting from the fresh air supply duct 32, and so on. with decreasing amounts with increasing length of the firing zone 4.
- Blowers 48 are also provided in these branch lines 47 to regulate the fresh air quantities supplied.
- the fresh air preheated by the furnace gas is guided along the first branch duct 33 in countercurrent to the furnace gas and along the second branch duct 37 in cocurrent to the furnace gas
- the fresh air necessary for the operation of the burner (s) 30 is also taken from the fresh air supply duct 32, etc. via a branch line 49 and via a fan 50 to the burner (s) 30
- any excess preheated fresh air that is present can be fed to a drying oven 53 via a further branch line 51 and a blower 52.
- this branch line 51 there is also a supply of preheated fresh air or of pure furnace exhaust gas in the heat exchanger 40, which is arranged upstream of the exhaust gas chimney 38.
- the exhaust gas purification system 39 arranged upstream of the exhaust gas chimney is particularly functional when the fire releases pollutants for which it is necessary to clean the furnace gas (for example dry sorption of acidic gas components) before it is discharged through the chimney 38 or fed to the drying oven 53 .
- the design of the "tube-in-tube” jacket recuperator 31, 32 is extremely advantageous because the reversing tunnel kiln 1 is an elongated base body, the length of the recuperator can be adapted well to its length, and because the individual gas routing outlets and entrances along the entire reversing tunnel kiln 1 must be installed.
- recuperator 31, 32 Another advantage of the recuperator 31, 32 is the fact that no complex heat insulation devices are required.
- the natural convection flow shown in FIG. 8, which is caused by the gas rising pressure on the warmer side, can be supported by a forced convection flow in order to achieve a higher heat transfer.
- hot gas driving nozzles 54 arranged in the side walls of the reversing tunnel furnace 1 serve through which the furnace gas flows 1 1
- the fresh air preheated by the furnace gas is guided along the first branch duct 33 in countercurrent to the furnace gas and along the second branch duct 37 in cocurrent to the furnace gas
- the fresh air necessary for the operation of the burner (s) 30 is also taken from the fresh air supply duct 32, etc. via a branch line 49 and via a fan 50 to the burner (s) 30
- any excess preheated fresh air that is present can be fed to a drying oven 53 via a further branch line 51 and a blower 52.
- this branch line 51 there is also a supply of preheated fresh air or of pure furnace exhaust gas in the heat exchanger 40, which is arranged upstream of the exhaust gas chimney 38.
- the exhaust gas purification system 39 arranged upstream of the exhaust gas chimney is particularly functional when the fire releases pollutants for which it is necessary to clean the furnace gas (for example dry sorption of acidic gas components) before it is discharged through the chimney 38 or fed to the drying oven 53 .
- the design of the "tube in tube” jacket recuperator 31, 32 is extremely advantageous because the reversing tunnel kiln 1 is an elongated base body, the length of the recuperator can be adapted well with its length and because the individual gas routing and access along the entire reversing tunnel kiln 1 must be installed.
- recuperator 31, 32 Another advantage of the recuperator 31, 32 is the fact that no complex heat insulation devices are required.
- the natural convection flow shown in FIG. 8, which is caused by the gas rising pressure on the warmer side, can be supported by a forced convection flow in order to achieve a higher heat transfer.
- hot gas drive nozzles 54 arranged in the side walls of the reversing tunnel furnace 1 serve through which the furnace gas flows 13
- the system according to the invention has the advantage that the lighting can be accomplished particularly easily. Only the burner or burners 30 and the furnace gas circulation need to be put into operation. The control of these devices is considerably simplified compared to conventional tunnel furnaces, since the burners 30 are only arranged at one point. In this way, the system according to the invention can, for example, be brought into a temperature-reduced steady-state operation over the weekend and can be started up for the combustion operation in a short time after the weekend.
- the system according to the invention can also be integrated relatively well into existing tunnel kiln systems, in that only the bogie car park is matched to the respective product and a new burner duct substructure is built.
- the invention is not limited to the embodiment shown in the drawing, but can be modified in various ways.
- the tunnel kiln can also be designed as a through-tunnel kiln, which, however, has to accept some disadvantages compared to a reversing tunnel kiln 1.
- loading and unloading stations must then be set up at both ends of the tunnel furnace, whereas at the formation of the tunnel kiln as a reverse tunnel kiln 1 significant investment cost savings are possible.
- there are advantages here due to the uncomplicated gas routing for the furnace gas circulation and the fresh air supply.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT2439/93 | 1993-12-01 | ||
AT0243993A AT401817B (en) | 1993-12-01 | 1993-12-01 | METHOD FOR BURNING CERAMIC MOLDINGS AND SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
PCT/EP1994/003967 WO1995015472A1 (en) | 1993-12-01 | 1994-11-30 | Process for firing formed ceramic bodies and installation for carrying out the process |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0731901A1 true EP0731901A1 (en) | 1996-09-18 |
Family
ID=3534379
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95902095A Withdrawn EP0731901A1 (en) | 1993-12-01 | 1994-11-30 | Process for firing formed ceramic bodies and installation for carrying out the process |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0731901A1 (en) |
AT (1) | AT401817B (en) |
AU (1) | AU1108595A (en) |
DE (1) | DE4442850A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL314842A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995015472A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1048122B (en) * | 1973-05-23 | 1980-11-20 | Simes | ERGOLINE CARBAMATES |
DE19528147A1 (en) * | 1995-08-01 | 1997-02-06 | Dubois Ceramics Gmbh | Heat and cooling treatment for materials esp. ceramic material firing process - using parallel conveyor lines running in alternate opposite directions for direct radiant heat transfer from cooling zone to heating zone |
DE19934122A1 (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2001-08-16 | Keller Gmbh I K | Firing apparatus for ceramic tiles in contra flow operated tunnel oven where loading and discharge of tiles is carried out symmetrically through sliding platform units |
AT410843B (en) | 2000-03-22 | 2003-08-25 | Wienerberger Ziegelind | TUNNEL KILN |
DE102009019573A1 (en) * | 2009-05-02 | 2010-11-11 | Messarius, Uwe | Furnace i.e. continuous furnace, for heating steel component in industry, has workpiece carrier with transport direction, which runs in chamber region opposite to transport direction of another workpiece carrier in another chamber region |
DE102011112838A1 (en) | 2011-09-12 | 2013-03-14 | Keller Hcw Gmbh | Process for firing ceramic moldings and oven |
EP2944906B1 (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2019-10-02 | Keller H.C.W. GmbH | Kiln for the firing of ceramic blanks |
EP2944905B1 (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2019-11-27 | Keller H.C.W. GmbH | Kiln for the firing of ceramic blanks |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE262763C (en) * | ||||
FR488732A (en) * | 1918-02-02 | 1918-11-08 | Frederic Philippon | Recovery furnace for the manufacture, annealing, melting or firing of certain products |
GB245827A (en) * | 1924-10-13 | 1926-01-13 | Louis Wilputte | Improvements in and relating to tunnel kilns |
GB673889A (en) * | 1949-03-18 | 1952-06-11 | William Green | An improved kiln or oven for the firing of fictile ware, refractories and like material |
DE1913446A1 (en) * | 1969-03-12 | 1970-11-05 | Koho Es Gepipari Miniszterium | Tunnel kiln for the firing of refractory - ceramic products |
DE2551811A1 (en) * | 1975-11-15 | 1977-05-26 | Rudolf Riedel | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF GOODS |
DE2643406C3 (en) * | 1976-09-27 | 1980-07-03 | Haessler, Andreas, Ing.(Grad.), 7904 Erbach | Tunnel furnace with direct firing |
FI64562C (en) * | 1980-04-25 | 1983-12-12 | Paloheimo Oy | SAETT FOER VAERMEBEHANDLING AV KERAMISKA PRODUKTER |
DE3305540C2 (en) * | 1983-02-18 | 1986-03-20 | Keller Ofenbau GmbH, 4530 Ibbenbüren | Tunnel kiln for firing ceramic products |
DE3319396C2 (en) * | 1983-05-28 | 1985-04-04 | VGT AG, 3432 Großalmerode | Furnace system with a furnace and a conveyor |
FR2550852A1 (en) * | 1983-08-16 | 1985-02-22 | Montoya Maria | Continuous oven with a movable hearth or movable floor. |
DE3534447A1 (en) * | 1984-09-28 | 1986-05-22 | Karl-Heinz Dipl.-Ing.(FH) 8501 Schwanstetten Munzert | Baking kiln |
DE3545498A1 (en) * | 1985-12-20 | 1987-06-25 | Ittner Helmut | Process and apparatus for producing ceramic products in bulk |
DE3628936C1 (en) * | 1986-08-26 | 1987-06-19 | Vgt Ag | Process for operating a reverse enamel furnace and reverse enamel furnace |
-
1993
- 1993-12-01 AT AT0243993A patent/AT401817B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1994
- 1994-11-30 AU AU11085/95A patent/AU1108595A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-11-30 PL PL94314842A patent/PL314842A1/en unknown
- 1994-11-30 EP EP95902095A patent/EP0731901A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1994-11-30 WO PCT/EP1994/003967 patent/WO1995015472A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-12-01 DE DE4442850A patent/DE4442850A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9515472A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1995015472A1 (en) | 1995-06-08 |
AT401817B (en) | 1996-12-27 |
PL314842A1 (en) | 1996-09-30 |
DE4442850A1 (en) | 1995-06-08 |
ATA243993A (en) | 1996-04-15 |
AU1108595A (en) | 1995-06-19 |
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