EP0702156A1 - Multiphase pumping system with control loop - Google Patents

Multiphase pumping system with control loop Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0702156A1
EP0702156A1 EP95401796A EP95401796A EP0702156A1 EP 0702156 A1 EP0702156 A1 EP 0702156A1 EP 95401796 A EP95401796 A EP 95401796A EP 95401796 A EP95401796 A EP 95401796A EP 0702156 A1 EP0702156 A1 EP 0702156A1
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Prior art keywords
pump
multiphase
pumping system
glr
fluid
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EP95401796A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0702156B1 (en
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Régis Vilagines
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D31/00—Pumping liquids and elastic fluids at the same time
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
    • E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multiphase pumping system with recycling loop.
  • the pumping system according to the invention is suitable for transporting, via pipes, a fluid comprising at least one liquid phase and at least one gaseous phase, the volumetric ratio of the gaseous phase to the liquid phase (generally designated by GLR), may have wide variations.
  • Such a pumping system finds applications in particular in the field of petroleum production where it is a question of transporting to a determined place of destination, petroleum effluents extracted from an underground deposit, and in particular for the exploitation of so-called offshore deposits.
  • Existing multiphase pumping systems include a multiphase pump such as that described in patent FR 2,665,224 filed by the applicant, capable of applying to a multiphase fluid, a high pressure as long as the volumetric ratio GLR does not exceed a maximum value determined.
  • a multiphase pump such as that described in patent FR 2,665,224 filed by the applicant, capable of applying to a multiphase fluid, a high pressure as long as the volumetric ratio GLR does not exceed a maximum value determined.
  • GLR ratio of the fluid to be transported is likely to exceed this maximum value, as occurs in petroleum exploitation when the fluid produced by a production well has pockets or plugs of gas
  • means of pump are associated with the pump. regulation. These regulating means are adapted to restrict the range of possible variation of the GLR ratio to make it compatible with that admitted by the pump.
  • a known regulating means described for example in French patent applications EN 91 / 16.230 and 92 / 05.617 comprises for example a buffer tank receiving the fluids produced by the deposit and provided with one or more perforated sampling tubes capable of automatically dosing the phase ratio admitted at the pump inlet.
  • the recycling loop pumping system makes it possible to communicate to multiphase effluents originating from a source and comprising at least one liquid phase and at least one gaseous phase and whose volumetric ratio GLR of gaseous phases to liquid phases is likely to vary, an increase in pressure sufficient to transport them to a specific place of destination.
  • the pumping system comprises a multiphase pump and a recycling loop and it is characterized in that it comprises in combination a bypass means for deriving directly via the recycling loop, part of the multiphase fluid available at the outlet of the pump towards the inlet thereof and means for controlling the multiphase fluid derived in the loop, so as to decrease the flow rate of the fluid transported by the pipe and to increase the possible operating speed of said pump.
  • the bypass means is a shaped element for distributing the liquid phases of the multiphase effluents which are applied to it more towards a first outlet than towards a second outlet (for example in the form of T or Y), this first outlet, which is richer in liquid phases, being connected to the recycling loop so as to reduce to a certain extent the GLR ratio of the multiphase fluid recycled at the inlet of the pump and facilitate its operation.
  • the control means may include, for example, a valve, a buffer tank or an element for using part of the energy of the multiphase effluents derived.
  • the pumping system can also include an assembly for controlling the control means, in order to apply regulation as a function of the pumping conditions.
  • the pumping system according to the invention by partial recycling of part of the multiphase effluents from a pump, allows the latter to better take care of effluents whose volumetric ratio GLR is relatively high.
  • GLR volumetric ratio
  • the pumping system comprises a multiphase pump 1 of a known type, such as the pump described in the aforementioned patent FR 2,665,224, associated with a drive motor 2.
  • the inlet of the pump 1 is connected by a pipe 3, to a source of multiphase fluids.
  • This source is for example an oil production well which produces liquid effluents: oil and water, and gaseous effluents.
  • the pump 1 is adapted to apply to the effluents a pressure increase ⁇ P sufficient to transport them to a place of destination as long as the volumetric ratio of gas to liquid or GLR is maintained within a certain defined range of variation.
  • a bypass element 5 is inserted, making it possible to divide the multiphase flow coming from the pump into two parts.
  • a T-shaped branching of a known type is used and we connect its bent branch 51 to a pipe 6 for routing to the place of destination.
  • the straight branch 52 of the T is connected at one end to the pipe 4.
  • a recycling circuit or loop 7 provided with a control valve 8 is connected at a first end, to the straight branch 52 of the T and, at its opposite end, to the inlet pipe of the pump via a mixing member 9 of a known type such as a mixer ejector which allows part of the energy of the recycled effluents to be used for favor their mixing with those from line 3, for example of the type described in patent CH 680463.
  • the control valve 8 is controlled by a processor 10 adapted to modify the recycled flow rate as a function of variations in pumping conditions.
  • the diagram in FIG. 3 corresponds to that of a POSEIDON type P 300 multiphase helical-axial pump, for example such as that described in the above-mentioned patent FR 2 665 224, in the absence of any recycling. It shows the range of possible variation of the pressure rise ⁇ P (in MPa) applied by the pump as a function of the flow rate D at suction for different rotation speeds.
  • the suction pressure is 1.5 MPa.
  • the volumetric ratio GLR of the sucked effluents is 8.
  • FIG. 4 shows that direct recycling of part of the effluent delivered by the pump allows, for an increase in pressure ⁇ P of 0.75 MPa, to increase its hourly flow rate to 400 m3 / h at a speed of rotation of 4500 rpm (point b1) and at the same time, to widen in notable proportions, the pressure increase ⁇ P that the pump is able to apply to the sucked effluents if we increase its speed training. It can be seen that this increase in pressure in the case under consideration can reach approximately 1.55 MPa at a rotation speed of 5200 rpm.
  • a divider branch 5 capable by construction of diverting towards the recycling circuit a multiphase fraction whose GLR ratio is lowered leads in the case illustrated by the diagram of Fig. 4 to lower the value of the GLR ratio to 6 effluent at suction.
  • a separator downstream of the pump to remove practically all of the gas from the recycled effluents, as described in the aforementioned patent FR 2,417,057.
  • the processor 10 is used to control the opening of the valve 8 as a function of the values of the coefficients a, b and of the total flow rate Q of the well for example.
  • this recycling loop makes it possible, as we have seen, to increase the range of variation of the ratio GLR of the effluents that a multiphase pump can accept, and also an extension of the possible variation margin of the pressure increase ⁇ P communicated by the pump. It can also be noted that the presence of this recycling loop and of the regulating valve 8 also contributes to giving great flexibility to the pumping system.
  • the reinjection under pressure of the recycled fluid helps to homogenize the effluents at the inlet of pump 1.
  • the recycling of a fraction of the effluents allows the pump to operate correctly even with sources of reduced flow, which is particularly advantageous in oil production when wells are nearing depletion.
  • the variation in the recycling rate obtained by controlling the valve 8 makes it possible to make the start-up and operation of the pump more gradual, in particular in the event of an unexpected shutdown of the well upstream or of valves downstream.
  • the presence of the loop widens the possibilities of intervention of the operators who, without recycling can only play on the drive speed of the pump.
  • the recycling loop only has one interposed regulating valve.
  • a buffer tank 11 FIG. 2
  • a diversion means is preferably used with a phase separating power, so as to reduce the volumetric ratio GLR of the recycled effluents. It would not go beyond the scope of the invention, however, to replace this particular bypass means with a non-selective branching. In this case, we take advantage of the greater operating flexibility offered by metering the recycled fraction. As shown in Fig 4 where a point of operation m1 is moved to m2 by recycling then to m3 by an increase in the drive speed of the pump.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

A bypass recycling loop is connected to a multi-phase pump to inject low gas content liq. at the pump inlet in order to control the gas:liq. ratio. The flow rate within the loop can be varied by a processor-controlled valve.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un système de pompage polyphasique à boucle de recyclage.The present invention relates to a multiphase pumping system with recycling loop.

Le système de pompage selon l'invention convient pour assurer le transport par des canalisations, d'un fluide comportant au moins une phase liquide et au moins une phase gazeuse, dont le rapport volumétrique de la phase gazeuse à la phase liquide (désigné généralement par GLR), peut présenter de larges variations.The pumping system according to the invention is suitable for transporting, via pipes, a fluid comprising at least one liquid phase and at least one gaseous phase, the volumetric ratio of the gaseous phase to the liquid phase (generally designated by GLR), may have wide variations.

Un tel système de pompage trouve des applications notamment dans le domaine de la production pétrolière où il s'agit de transporter jusqu'à un lieu de destination déterminé, des effluents pétroliers extraits d'un gisement souterrain, et en particulier pour l'exploitation de gisements dits offshore.Such a pumping system finds applications in particular in the field of petroleum production where it is a question of transporting to a determined place of destination, petroleum effluents extracted from an underground deposit, and in particular for the exploitation of so-called offshore deposits.

Les systèmes de pompage polyphasique existants comportent une pompe polyphasique telle par exemple que celle décrite dans le brevet FR 2.665.224 déposé par le demandeur, capable d'appliquer à un fluide polyphasique, une pression importante tant que le rapport volumétrique GLR ne dépasse pas une valeur maximale déterminée. Quand le rapport GLR du fluide à transporter est susceptible de dépasser cette valeur maximale, comme cela se produit dans l'exploitation pétrolière quand le fluide produit par un puits de production comporte des poches ou bouchons de gaz, on associe à la pompe des moyens de régulation. Ces moyens de régulation sont adaptés à restreindre la plage de variation possible du rapport GLR pour le rendre compatible avec celui admis par la pompe.Existing multiphase pumping systems include a multiphase pump such as that described in patent FR 2,665,224 filed by the applicant, capable of applying to a multiphase fluid, a high pressure as long as the volumetric ratio GLR does not exceed a maximum value determined. When the GLR ratio of the fluid to be transported is likely to exceed this maximum value, as occurs in petroleum exploitation when the fluid produced by a production well has pockets or plugs of gas, means of pump are associated with the pump. regulation. These regulating means are adapted to restrict the range of possible variation of the GLR ratio to make it compatible with that admitted by the pump.

Un moyen de régulation connu décrit par exemple dans les demandes de brevet français EN 91/16.230 et 92/05.617 comporte par exemple un ballon tampon recevant les fluides produits par le gisement et pourvu d'un ou plusieurs tubes de prélèvement perforés capables automatiquement de doser le rapport des phases admis à l'entrée de la pompe.A known regulating means described for example in French patent applications EN 91 / 16.230 and 92 / 05.617 comprises for example a buffer tank receiving the fluids produced by the deposit and provided with one or more perforated sampling tubes capable of automatically dosing the phase ratio admitted at the pump inlet.

Un tel agencement donne des résultats satisfaisants mais il a l'inconvénient d'être volumineux et relativement cher.Such an arrangement gives satisfactory results but it has the drawback of being bulky and relatively expensive.

Par le brevet FR 2.417.057, on connaît un système de pompage à boucle de régulation. La sortie de la pompe est connectée à un dispositif de séparation de phase adapté à extraire du fluide polyphasique, une fraction constituée presque complètement de liquide. Cette fraction liquide est recyclée par une conduite de dérivation, vers l'entrée de la pompe où elle sert à faire baisser la valeur du rapport GLR quand il devient excessif.From patent FR 2,417,057, a pumping system with a control loop is known. The pump outlet is connected to a phase separation device suitable for extracting from the multiphase fluid, a fraction consisting almost entirely of liquid. This liquid fraction is recycled through a bypass line to the pump inlet where it is used to lower the value of the GLR ratio when it becomes excessive.

Le système de pompage à boucle de recyclage selon l'invention permet de communiquer à des effluents polyphasiques issu d'une source et comportant au moins une phase liquide et au moins une phase gazeuse et dont le rapport volumétrique GLR des phases gazeuses aux phases liquides est susceptible de varier, une augmentation de pression suffisante pour leur acheminement vers un lieu de destination déterminé. Le système de pompage comporte une pompe polyphasique et une boucle de recyclage et il est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en combinaison un moyen de dérivation pour dériver directement via la boucle de recyclage, une partie du fluide polyphasique disponible à la sortie de la pompe vers l'entrée de celle-ci et des moyens de contrôle du fluide polyphasique dérivé dans la boucle, de façon à diminuer le débit du fluide transporté par la conduite et à augmenter la vitesse de fonctionnement possible de ladite pompe.The recycling loop pumping system according to the invention makes it possible to communicate to multiphase effluents originating from a source and comprising at least one liquid phase and at least one gaseous phase and whose volumetric ratio GLR of gaseous phases to liquid phases is likely to vary, an increase in pressure sufficient to transport them to a specific place of destination. The pumping system comprises a multiphase pump and a recycling loop and it is characterized in that it comprises in combination a bypass means for deriving directly via the recycling loop, part of the multiphase fluid available at the outlet of the pump towards the inlet thereof and means for controlling the multiphase fluid derived in the loop, so as to decrease the flow rate of the fluid transported by the pipe and to increase the possible operating speed of said pump.

Suivant un mode de réalisation préféré, le moyen de dérivation est un élément conformé pour répartir les phases liquides des effluents polyphasiques qu'on lui applique plus vers une première sortie que vers une seconde sortie (par exemple en forme de T ou de Y), cette première sortie plus riche en phases liquides étant connectée à la boucle de recyclage de façon à diminuer dans une certaine mesure le rapport GLR du fluide polyphasique recyclé à l'entrée de la pompe et faciliter le fonctionnement de celle-ci.According to a preferred embodiment, the bypass means is a shaped element for distributing the liquid phases of the multiphase effluents which are applied to it more towards a first outlet than towards a second outlet (for example in the form of T or Y), this first outlet, which is richer in liquid phases, being connected to the recycling loop so as to reduce to a certain extent the GLR ratio of the multiphase fluid recycled at the inlet of the pump and facilitate its operation.

Les moyens de contrôle peuvent comporter par exemple une vanne, un ballon-tampon ou un élément d'utilisation d'une partie de l'énergie des effluents polyphasiques dérivés.The control means may include, for example, a valve, a buffer tank or an element for using part of the energy of the multiphase effluents derived.

Le système de pompage peut comporter aussi un ensemble de commande des moyens de contrôle, pour appliquer une régulation en fonction des conditions de pompage.The pumping system can also include an assembly for controlling the control means, in order to apply regulation as a function of the pumping conditions.

Le système de pompage selon l'invention, par un recyclage partiel d'une partie des effluents polyphasiques issus d'une pompe, permet à celle-ci de mieux prendre en charge des effluents dont le rapport volumétrique GLR est relativement élevé. Par les possibilités de régulation du recyclage, il offre une plus grande souplesse dans la conduite des manoeuvres effectuées en amont et en aval. En outre, sa mise en oeuvre ne nécessite aucun séparateur de phase relativement encombrant et coûteux.The pumping system according to the invention, by partial recycling of part of the multiphase effluents from a pump, allows the latter to better take care of effluents whose volumetric ratio GLR is relatively high. By the recycling regulation possibilities, it offers greater flexibility in the conduct of maneuvers performed upstream and downstream. In addition, its implementation does not require any relatively bulky and expensive phase separator.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages du système selon l'invention apparaîtront mieux à la lecture de la description ci-après de modes de réalisation décrits à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, en se référant aux dessins annexés où :

  • la Fig.1 montre schématiquement un mode de réalisation du système de pompage;
  • la Fig 2 montre schématiquement une variante du mode de réalisation précédent;
  • la Fig.3 montre un premier diagramme de fonctionnement d'une pompe en l'absence de recyclage;
  • la Fig.4 montre sur un diagramme analogue, l'effet d'un recyclage polyphasique sur le fonctionnement de la pompe précédente; et
  • la Fig 5 montre un diagramme de fonctionnement d'une pompe où l'on recycle uniquement une phase liquide.
Other characteristics and advantages of the system according to the invention will appear better on reading the following description of embodiments described by way of nonlimiting examples, with reference to the appended drawings where:
  • Fig.1 schematically shows an embodiment of the pumping system;
  • Fig 2 schematically shows a variant of the previous embodiment;
  • Fig.3 shows a first operating diagram of a pump in the absence of recycling;
  • Fig.4 shows on a similar diagram, the effect of multiphase recycling on the operation of the previous pump; and
  • Fig 5 shows an operating diagram of a pump where only a liquid phase is recycled.

Le système de pompage selon l'invention comporte une pompe polyphasique 1 d'un type connu, telle que la pompe décrite dans le brevet FR 2.665.224 précité, associée à un moteur d'entraînement 2. L'entrée de la pompe 1 est connectée par une canalisation 3, à une source de fluides polyphasiques. Cette source est par exemple un puits de production pétrolière qui produit des effluents liquides : huile et eau, et des effluents gazeux. La pompe 1 est adaptée à appliquer aux effluents une augmentation de pression ΔP suffisante pour les acheminer vers un lieu de destination tant que le rapport volumétrique du gaz au liquide ou GLR est maintenu dans une certaine fourchette de variation définie. Sur la canalisation 4 de sortie de la pompe 1, on intercale un élément de dérivation 5 permettant de diviser en deux parties le flux polyphasique issu de la pompe 1. De préférence, on utilise un embranchement en forme de T d'un type connu et l'on connecte sa branche coudée 51 à une canalisation 6 d'acheminement vers le lieu de destination. La branche rectiligne 52 du T est connectée à une première extrémité à la canalisation 4. Un circuit ou boucle de recyclage 7 pourvu d'une vanne de contrôle 8, est connecté à une première extrémité, à la branche rectiligne 52 du T et, à son extrémité opposée, à la canalisation d'entrée de la pompe par l'intermédiaire d'un organe de mixage 9 d'un type connu tel qu'un éjecteur mélangeur qui permet d'utiliser une partie de l'énergie des effluents recyclés pour favoriser leur mélange avec ceux issus de la canalisation 3, du type par exemple de celui décrit dans le brevet CH 680463. La vanne de contrôle 8 est commandée par un processeur 10 adapté à modifier le débit recyclé en fonction des variations des conditions de pompage.The pumping system according to the invention comprises a multiphase pump 1 of a known type, such as the pump described in the aforementioned patent FR 2,665,224, associated with a drive motor 2. The inlet of the pump 1 is connected by a pipe 3, to a source of multiphase fluids. This source is for example an oil production well which produces liquid effluents: oil and water, and gaseous effluents. The pump 1 is adapted to apply to the effluents a pressure increase ΔP sufficient to transport them to a place of destination as long as the volumetric ratio of gas to liquid or GLR is maintained within a certain defined range of variation. On the outlet pipe 4 of the pump 1, a bypass element 5 is inserted, making it possible to divide the multiphase flow coming from the pump into two parts. Preferably, a T-shaped branching of a known type is used and we connect its bent branch 51 to a pipe 6 for routing to the place of destination. The straight branch 52 of the T is connected at one end to the pipe 4. A recycling circuit or loop 7 provided with a control valve 8, is connected at a first end, to the straight branch 52 of the T and, at its opposite end, to the inlet pipe of the pump via a mixing member 9 of a known type such as a mixer ejector which allows part of the energy of the recycled effluents to be used for favor their mixing with those from line 3, for example of the type described in patent CH 680463. The control valve 8 is controlled by a processor 10 adapted to modify the recycled flow rate as a function of variations in pumping conditions.

Il est connu des spécialistes, notamment par un article de G.E McCreery et al dans INT. J. MULTIPHASE FLOW vol. 16 No. 3 p. 429-445, qu'un diviseur en forme de T ou de Y divise inégalement un flux qui lui est appliqué et que le rapport GLR de la fraction dérivée par la branche rectiligne 52 est abaissé.He is known to specialists, in particular by an article by G.E McCreery et al in INT. J. MULTIPHASE FLOW vol. 16 No. 3 p. 429-445, that a T or Y-shaped divider unequally divides a flux which is applied to it and that the GLR ratio of the fraction derived by the straight branch 52 is lowered.

Dans ces conditions, l'utilisation d'un tel élément de fractionnement a pour effet d'abaisser le rapport GLR des effluents polyphasiques recyclés par le circuit 7 et par conséquent d'abaisser également le rapport GLR des effluents pénétrant dans la pompe 1. Il en résulte une amélioration du fonctionnement de la pompe particulièrement utile quand le rapport GLR des effluents débités par le puits est élevé. Comme, on peut le voir en comparant les diagrammes des Fig.3 et 4, un tel recyclage polyphasique améliore et régularise très sensiblement les conditions de pompage.Under these conditions, the use of such a fractionation element has the effect of lowering the GLR ratio of the multiphase effluents recycled by the circuit 7 and consequently also of lowering the GLR ratio of the effluents entering the pump 1. It this results in an improvement in the operation of the pump which is particularly useful when the GLR ratio of the effluents delivered by the well is high. As can be seen by comparing the diagrams in Figs. 3 and 4, a such multiphase recycling very significantly improves and regulates pumping conditions.

Le diagramme de la Fig.3 correspond à celui d'une pompe polyphasique hélico-axiale POSEIDON de type P 300 par exemple telle que celle décrite dans le brevet FR 2 665 224 précité, en l'absence de tout recyclage. Il montre le domaine de variation possible de l'élévation de pression ΔP (en MPa) appliquée par la pompe en fonction du débit D à l'aspiration pour différentes vitesses de rotation. La pression à l'aspiration est de 1,5 MPa. Le rapport volumétrique GLR des effluents aspirés est de 8. On voit que l'on obtient (au point a) une augmentation de pression ΔP de 0,8 MPa à la vitesse de 4500 t/mn environ pour un débit polyphasique de l'ordre de 310 m3/h, et que pour un tel débit, la marge d'augmentation de pression restante disponible serait pratiquement nulle.The diagram in FIG. 3 corresponds to that of a POSEIDON type P 300 multiphase helical-axial pump, for example such as that described in the above-mentioned patent FR 2 665 224, in the absence of any recycling. It shows the range of possible variation of the pressure rise ΔP (in MPa) applied by the pump as a function of the flow rate D at suction for different rotation speeds. The suction pressure is 1.5 MPa. The volumetric ratio GLR of the sucked effluents is 8. We see that we obtain (at point a) an increase in pressure ΔP of 0.8 MPa at the speed of about 4500 rpm for a multiphase flow of the order of 310 m3 / h, and that for such a flow, the margin of increase in pressure remaining available would be practically zero.

Le diagramme de la Fig.4 montre que le recyclage direct d'une partie des effluents délivrés par la pompe permet, pour une augmentation de pression ΔP de 0,75 MPa, de pousser son débit horaire à 400 m3/h à une vitesse de rotation de 4500 t/m (point b1) et du même coup, d'élargir dans de notables proportions, l'augmentation de pression ΔP que la pompe est en mesure d'appliquer aux effluents aspirés si l'on augmente sa vitesse d'entrainement. On voit que cette augmentation de pression dans le cas considéré peut atteindre 1,55 MPa environ à une vitesse de rotation de 5200 t/m. L'utilisation d'un embranchement diviseur 5 capable par construction de détourner vers le circuit de recyclage une fraction polyphasique dont le rapport GLR est abaissé conduit dans le cas illustré par le diagramme de la Fig.4 à abaisser à 6 la valeur du rapport GLR des effluents à l'aspiration.The diagram in Fig. 4 shows that direct recycling of part of the effluent delivered by the pump allows, for an increase in pressure ΔP of 0.75 MPa, to increase its hourly flow rate to 400 m3 / h at a speed of rotation of 4500 rpm (point b1) and at the same time, to widen in notable proportions, the pressure increase ΔP that the pump is able to apply to the sucked effluents if we increase its speed training. It can be seen that this increase in pressure in the case under consideration can reach approximately 1.55 MPa at a rotation speed of 5200 rpm. The use of a divider branch 5 capable by construction of diverting towards the recycling circuit a multiphase fraction whose GLR ratio is lowered leads in the case illustrated by the diagram of Fig. 4 to lower the value of the GLR ratio to 6 effluent at suction.

Avec la pompe indiquée ci-dessus dans un cas où la pression d'aspiration était de 1,5 MPa et le rapport GLRo des effluents issus de la source était de 8, on a déterminé la valeur GLR que prenait ce même rapport à l'entrée de la pompe en tenant compte d'un recyclage qui varie selon la proportion de gaz dans les effluents recyclés. Avec 1 et g désignant respectivement la proportion de liquide recyclée et la proportion de gaz recyclés, on a pu établir le tableau comparatif suivant : l= 0,2 g = 0 GLR = 6,4 g = 0,1 GLR = 7,11 l= 0,3 g = 0 GLR = 5,6 g= 0,15 GLR = 6,59 l = 0,4 g = 0 GLR = 4,8 g = 0,2 GLR = 6. With the pump indicated above in a case where the suction pressure was 1.5 MPa and the GLRo ratio of the effluents from the source was 8, the GLR value determined by this same ratio was determined. pump inlet taking into account recycling which varies according to the proportion of gas in recycled effluents. With 1 and g respectively denoting the proportion of recycled liquid and the proportion of recycled gases, we were able to establish the following comparative table: l = 0.2 g = 0 GLR = 6.4 g = 0.1 GLR = 7.11 l = 0.3 g = 0 GLR = 5.6 g = 0.15 GLR = 6.59 l = 0.4 g = 0 GLR = 4.8 g = 0.2 GLR = 6.

Dans les exemples ci-dessus, la valeur g = 0 correspond au cas où l'on dispose un séparateur en aval de la pompe pour ôter pratiquement tout le gaz des effluents recyclés, comme décrit dans le brevet FR 2.417.057 précité. On voit sur ces exemples qu'en effectuant un recyclage polyphasique direct et en utilisant simplement un élément de dérivation 5 du type T par exemple qui posséde des propriétés de séparation partielle sélective, on parvient à obtenir une diminution du rapport GLR un peu inférieure certes mais cependant du même ordre de grandeur à celui auquel on parvient par interposition d'un séparateur classique relativement encombrant et onéreux. Qui plus est, on voit en comparant les Fig 4 et 5, que le gain de pression rendu possible dans le cas d'un recyclage polyphasique et celui d'un recyclage purement liquide sont tout à fait équivalents.In the above examples, the value g = 0 corresponds to the case where there is a separator downstream of the pump to remove practically all of the gas from the recycled effluents, as described in the aforementioned patent FR 2,417,057. We see on these examples that by performing a direct multiphase recycling and by simply using a T-type bypass element 5 for example which has selective partial separation properties, we manage to obtain a slightly lower reduction in the GLR ratio, but however of the same order of magnitude to that which is achieved by the interposition of a conventional separator relatively bulky and expensive. What is more, it can be seen by comparing FIGS. 4 and 5 that the pressure gain made possible in the case of multiphase recycling and that of purely liquid recycling are completely equivalent.

Le processeur 10 est utilisé pour contrôler l'ouverture de la vanne 8 en fonction des valeurs des coefficients a, b et du débit total Q du puits par exemple.The processor 10 is used to control the opening of the valve 8 as a function of the values of the coefficients a, b and of the total flow rate Q of the well for example.

On observe dans la pratique que l'augmentation de pression ΔP que la pompe est capable d'appliquer du fait du déplacement de son point de fonctionnement, modifie peu la pression des effluents dans le circuit d'acheminement 6 en aval de la pompe. Il en résulte un abaissement corrélatif de la pression d'aspiration Pa, ce qui a pour effet en général d'augmenter le débit de la source.It is observed in practice that the increase in pressure ΔP that the pump is capable of applying due to the displacement of its operating point, does little to modify the pressure of the effluents in the conveying circuit 6 downstream of the pump. This results in a corresponding reduction in the suction pressure Pa, which generally has the effect of increasing the flow rate of the source.

L'installation de cette boucle de recyclage rend possible, on l'a vu, une augmentation de la fourchette de variation du rapport GLR des effluents qu'une pompe polyphasique peut accepter, et aussi une extension de la marge de variation possible de l'augmentation de pression ΔP communiquée par la pompe. On peut noter aussi que la présence de cette boucle de recyclage et de la vanne de régulation 8 contribue également à donner une grande souplesse au système de pompage. La réinjection sous pression du fluide recyclé contribue à homogénéiser les effluents à l'entrée de la pompe 1. Le recyclage d'une fraction des effluents permet à la pompe de fonctionner correctement même avec des sources de débit réduit, ce qui est particulièrement avantageux en production pétrolière quand les puits sont en voie d'épuisement. La variation du taux de recyclage obtenu par commande de la vanne 8 permet de rendre plus progressif le démarrage et le fonctionnement de la pompe notamment en cas de fermeture inopinée du puits à l'amont ou de vannes en aval. La présence de la boucle élargit les possibilités d'intervention des opérateurs qui, sans recyclage ne peuvent jouer que sur la vitesse d'entrainement de la pompe.The installation of this recycling loop makes it possible, as we have seen, to increase the range of variation of the ratio GLR of the effluents that a multiphase pump can accept, and also an extension of the possible variation margin of the pressure increase ΔP communicated by the pump. It can also be noted that the presence of this recycling loop and of the regulating valve 8 also contributes to giving great flexibility to the pumping system. The reinjection under pressure of the recycled fluid helps to homogenize the effluents at the inlet of pump 1. The recycling of a fraction of the effluents allows the pump to operate correctly even with sources of reduced flow, which is particularly advantageous in oil production when wells are nearing depletion. The variation in the recycling rate obtained by controlling the valve 8 makes it possible to make the start-up and operation of the pump more gradual, in particular in the event of an unexpected shutdown of the well upstream or of valves downstream. The presence of the loop widens the possibilities of intervention of the operators who, without recycling can only play on the drive speed of the pump.

Dans le mode de réalisation qui a été décrit, la boucle de recyclage ne comporte qu'une vanne de régulation intercalée. On ne sortirait toutefois pas de l'invention en y intercalant également un ballon-tampon 11 (Fig 2) pour augmenter les possibilités de régulation du recyclage effectué. On peut également interposer un dispositif tel qu'un éjecteur annulaire capable de réutiliser une partie de l'énergie du fluide recyclé pour l'injecter en amont de la pompe.In the embodiment which has been described, the recycling loop only has one interposed regulating valve. We would not, however, depart from the invention by also inserting a buffer tank 11 (FIG. 2) therein to increase the possibilities of regulating the recycling carried out. It is also possible to interpose a device such as an annular ejector capable of reusing part of the energy of the recycled fluid to inject it upstream of the pump.

Pour dériver les effluents polyphasiques, on utilise de préférence un moyen de dérivation avec un pouvoir séparateur des phases, de façon à diminuer le rapport volumétrique GLR des effluents recyclés. On ne sortirait pas du cadre de l'invention toutefois en remplaçant ce moyen de dérivation particulier par un embranchement non sélectif. Dans ce cas, on profite de la plus grande souplesse de fonctionnement qu'offre un dosage de la fraction recyclée. Comme le montre la Fig 4 où un point de fonctionnement m₁ est déplacé en m₂ par recyclage puis en m₃ par une augmentation de la vitesse d'entrainement de la pompe.To divert the multiphase effluents, a diversion means is preferably used with a phase separating power, so as to reduce the volumetric ratio GLR of the recycled effluents. It would not go beyond the scope of the invention, however, to replace this particular bypass means with a non-selective branching. In this case, we take advantage of the greater operating flexibility offered by metering the recycled fraction. As shown in Fig 4 where a point of operation m₁ is moved to m₂ by recycling then to m₃ by an increase in the drive speed of the pump.

Claims (7)

1) Système de pompage à boucle de recyclage pour communiquer à un fluide polyphasique issu d'une source et comportant au moins une phase liquide et au moins une phase gazeuse, et dont le rapport volumétrique GLR des phases gazeuses aux phases liquides est susceptible de varier, une augmentation de pression suffisante pour son acheminement par une conduite vers un lieu de destination déterminé, comportant une pompe polyphasique (1) et une boucle de recyclage (7) d'une partie du fluide polyphasique disponible à la sortie de la pompe vers l'entrée de celle-ci, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en combinaison un moyen de dérivation (5) comprenant un élément conformé pour répartir la phase liquide du fluide polyphasique qu'on lui applique plus vers une première sortie que vers une seconde sortie, la première sortie de cet élément étant connectée à la boucle de recyclage de façon à diminuer le rapport GLR du fluide polyphasique recyclé à l'entrée de la pompe, et des moyens de contrôle du fluide polyphasique dérivé dans la boucle. 1) Pumping system with recycling loop to communicate to a multiphase fluid from a source and comprising at least one liquid phase and at least one gaseous phase, and whose volumetric ratio GLR of gaseous phases to liquid phases is likely to vary , an increase in pressure sufficient for its routing by a pipe to a determined place of destination, comprising a multiphase pump (1) and a recycling loop (7) of part of the multiphase fluid available at the outlet of the pump to the entry thereof, characterized in that it comprises in combination a bypass means (5) comprising an element shaped to distribute the liquid phase of the multiphase fluid which is applied to it more towards a first outlet than towards a second outlet , the first outlet of this element being connected to the recycling loop so as to reduce the GLR ratio of the multiphase fluid recycled at the inlet of the pump, and means for controlling the multiphase fluid derived in the loop. 2) Système de pompage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de contrôle comportent une vanne (8). 2) Pumping system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control means comprise a valve (8). 3) Système de pompage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de contrôle comportent un ballon-tampon (11) intercalé dans la boucle de recyclage. 3) Pumping system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control means comprise a buffer tank (11) interposed in the recycling loop. 4) Système de pompage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de contrôle comportent un dispositif (9) d'utilisation d'une partie de l'énergie du fluide polyphasique dérivé. 4) Pumping system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the control means comprise a device (9) for using part of the energy of the derived multiphase fluid. 5) Système de pompage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un ensemble de commande (10) des moyens de contrôle, pour appliquer au fluide polyphasique recyclé une régulation en fonction des conditions de pompage du fluide issu de la source. 5) Pumping system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a control assembly (10) of the control means, to apply to the multiphase recycled fluid a regulation according to the pumping conditions of the fluid from the source. 6) Système de pompage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de dérivation (5) est un embranchement en forme de T. 6) Pumping system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bypass element (5) is a T-shaped branch. 7) Système de pompage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de dérivation (5) est un embranchement en forme de Y. 7) Pumping system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bypass element (5) is a Y-shaped branch.
EP95401796A 1994-09-14 1995-07-28 Multiphase pumping system with control loop Expired - Lifetime EP0702156B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9411048A FR2724424B1 (en) 1994-09-14 1994-09-14 POLYPHASTIC PUMPING SYSTEM WITH REGULATION LOOP
FR9411048 1994-09-14

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EP0702156A1 true EP0702156A1 (en) 1996-03-20
EP0702156B1 EP0702156B1 (en) 1999-10-06

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CA (1) CA2158247C (en)
DK (1) DK0702156T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2724424B1 (en)
NO (1) NO307226B1 (en)

Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999046513A1 (en) * 1998-03-13 1999-09-16 Unitec Institute Of Technology Improved pumping apparatus and methods
WO2001006128A1 (en) * 1999-07-21 2001-01-25 Unitec Institute Of Technology Multi-phase flow pumping means and related methods
AU769473B2 (en) * 1998-03-13 2004-01-29 Unitec Institute Of Technology Improved pumping apparatus and methods
WO2005045189A1 (en) * 2003-10-27 2005-05-19 Joh. Heinr. Bornemann Gmbh Method for delivering a multi-phase mixture and pump installation
WO2011115951A3 (en) * 2010-03-15 2012-03-01 General Electric Company Pump assembly employing centrifugal pumps and method for pumping multiphase fluids
WO2017029318A1 (en) * 2015-08-20 2017-02-23 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Liquid extraction unit

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO337108B1 (en) * 2012-08-14 2016-01-25 Aker Subsea As Multiphase pressure amplification pump
NO340112B1 (en) * 2012-08-17 2017-03-13 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Process for cooling process fluid

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GB2215408A (en) * 1988-02-29 1989-09-20 Shell Int Research Method and system for controlling the gas-liquid ratio in a pump
CH680463A5 (en) 1989-08-15 1992-08-31 Sulzer Ag Multiphase delivery pump for liq. and gas mixts. - including petroleum has mixing arrangement on suction side and maintains efficiency if phases separate and when gas phase predominates
GB2239676A (en) * 1989-11-10 1991-07-10 Bhr Group Ltd Pumping gas/liquid mixtures
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999046513A1 (en) * 1998-03-13 1999-09-16 Unitec Institute Of Technology Improved pumping apparatus and methods
AU769473B2 (en) * 1998-03-13 2004-01-29 Unitec Institute Of Technology Improved pumping apparatus and methods
WO2001006128A1 (en) * 1999-07-21 2001-01-25 Unitec Institute Of Technology Multi-phase flow pumping means and related methods
AU771823B2 (en) * 1999-07-21 2004-04-01 Unitec Institute Of Technology Multi-phase flow pumping means and related methods
US7094016B1 (en) 1999-07-21 2006-08-22 Unitec Institute Of Technology Multi-phase flow pumping means and related methods
WO2005045189A1 (en) * 2003-10-27 2005-05-19 Joh. Heinr. Bornemann Gmbh Method for delivering a multi-phase mixture and pump installation
US7810572B2 (en) 2003-10-27 2010-10-12 Joh. Heinr. Bornemann Gmbh Method for delivering a multi phase mixture and pump installation
WO2011115951A3 (en) * 2010-03-15 2012-03-01 General Electric Company Pump assembly employing centrifugal pumps and method for pumping multiphase fluids
WO2017029318A1 (en) * 2015-08-20 2017-02-23 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Liquid extraction unit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO953595D0 (en) 1995-09-12
NO953595L (en) 1996-03-15
FR2724424A1 (en) 1996-03-15
FR2724424B1 (en) 1996-12-13
NO307226B1 (en) 2000-02-28
DK0702156T3 (en) 1999-12-27
EP0702156B1 (en) 1999-10-06
CA2158247C (en) 2006-05-30
CA2158247A1 (en) 1996-03-15

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