EP0697564B1 - Procédé de régulation et de surveillance de la combustion dans un four - Google Patents
Procédé de régulation et de surveillance de la combustion dans un four Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0697564B1 EP0697564B1 EP95112573A EP95112573A EP0697564B1 EP 0697564 B1 EP0697564 B1 EP 0697564B1 EP 95112573 A EP95112573 A EP 95112573A EP 95112573 A EP95112573 A EP 95112573A EP 0697564 B1 EP0697564 B1 EP 0697564B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sensor
- air
- control
- monitoring unit
- signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
- F23N2223/14—Differentiation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
- F23N2227/12—Burner simulation or checking
- F23N2227/16—Checking components, e.g. electronic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2231/00—Fail safe
- F23N2231/10—Fail safe for component failures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
- F23N2235/02—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers
- F23N2235/06—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers at the air intake
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for controlling combustion
- F23N2900/05001—Measuring CO content in flue gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
- F23N5/006—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for regulation and Monitoring the combustion of a furnace according to the generic term of claim 1.
- German patent application DE 43 40 534 A1 there is a method for controlling and monitoring an incineration plant, the operating point of the firing system then cyclically it is checked whether its setting the smallest possible excess of oxygen guaranteed in the exhaust gas.
- two sensors are used, one for Determination of the oxygen content is used, and the second for detection of the hydrogen content in the exhaust gas.
- the signal input and Signal outputs of the two sensors are connected to the signal inputs and outputs of a processing unit connected, among other things all fault messages are output.
- the output signal of the Processing unit is fed to a control device. This can with its output signal, which is fed to an actuator the air supply to the incinerator using a Control air flap.
- the invention has for its object a method for fail-safe To show monitoring and control of combustion plants, for that a minimum of probes as well as regulating and control devices is required.
- a special feature of the method according to the invention is that only one sensor is required to monitor the furnace is. Its signal is monitored using a control and monitoring unit evaluated redundantly.
- the control and monitoring unit processes in addition to the stationary signal of the sensor, the signals from the actuators for the fuel and air supply and the dynamic signal from the sensor. She also investigates the differential change in the sensor signal with the change the position of the actuator for the air supply.
- the goods to be monitored and regulated Firing system at least one adjustable air damper has, which is driven by a servomotor, and the respective Position of the air flap of the control and monitoring device is available as a measured value.
- One of the measuring electrodes is oxidation catalytic inactive and thus enables the hydrogen content to be recorded in the exhaust gas.
- the second measuring electrode is catalytically active. It can be used to determine the oxygen content in the exhaust gas. in the pollutant-free operation, without oxidizable flue gas components, the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas can be determined from the sensor signal determine. If flammable gas components occur in the Exhaust gas, such as hydrogen or carbon monoxide, takes the sensor signal significantly higher values, from which the concentration of the oxidizable Gas components can be determined.
- Fig. 1 shows a furnace 1, with a burner 2, one Furnace 3, an actuator 4 for the fuel supply Burner, an actuator 5 for the air supply to the burner, one Exhaust duct 6, a sensor 7 and a control and monitoring unit 8.
- the sensor 7 is at the exit of the furnace 3 installed in the exhaust duct 6. Its signal inputs and outputs 7A and 7B are connected to the signal inputs and outputs 8A and 8B Control and monitoring unit 8 in connection.
- the signal outputs 8V and 8W of the control and monitoring unit 8 are included the signal inputs of the actuators 4 and 5 for the supply of Fuel and the supply of air to the burner 2 connected.
- Curve U shows the course of the stationary sensor signal, which can pass through areas A, B, C.
- area A there is incomplete combustion due to lack of air
- area B there is incomplete combustion due to excess air
- area C there is complete combustion.
- incomplete combustion can occur due to lack of air as well as excess air. If the excess of air is very high, the flame is cooled and the flame is incompletely burned due to the low temperature of the flame.
- area C of complete combustion the residual oxygen in the flue gas can be determined from the stationary sensor signal.
- a conventional lambda control can be carried out with the sensor 7. If the burner 2 moves into an area of incomplete combustion, the emission of unburned gas components such as hydrogen and carbon monoxide increases.
- the signal curve U of the sensor 7 is plotted over the respectively associated position S of the actuator 5.
- ⁇ GÜ
- Countermeasures are initiated automatically by the control and monitoring unit 8. These can consist of an increase in the air supply when the combustion system moves into the area of lack of air, or a reduction in the air supply if the incomplete combustion takes place due to excess air.
- the slope ⁇ AM or ⁇ AÜ is now even greater than a fixed and stored limit value ⁇ OM or ⁇ OÜ .
- the limit values ⁇ OM and ⁇ OÜ are determined from the signal curve U O plotted in FIG. This is plotted over the respectively associated position S of the actuator 5.
- the signal curve U O corresponds to that of a sensor 7 if it works as a pure oxygen sensor or has lost its ability to detect hydrogen or carbon.
- the control and monitoring unit 8 recognizes that the combustion system is incomplete combustion during operation transforms. If the values ⁇ O of the sensor signal U of the sensor 7 are reached or fallen below, the control and monitoring unit 8 recognizes that the sensor 7 must be replaced due to aging.
- the control and monitoring unit 8 can use the course of the dynamic signal to recognize whether the combustion system is in the state of incomplete combustion or not. Countermeasures are then automatically initiated by the control and monitoring unit 8.
- This test can be performed either when the burner is shut down in air or when the burner is pre-vented, or while it is operating during a complete combustion condition.
- the temperature change is caused, for example, by a brief change in the heating voltage, as shown in FIG. 6. If no change in the sensor voltage dU is detected, the measuring electrode (not shown here) is faulty and the sensor 7 must be replaced.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Claims (3)
- Procédé de régulation et de surveillance de la combustion dans une installation de chauffe (1) comportant un brûleur (2) pour des combustibles solides et fluides, en aval de laquelle est placé un détecteur (7), les organes de réglage (4 et 5) pour l'alimentation en combustible et l'alimentation en air du brûleur (2) étant commandés par une unité de régulation et de surveillance (8), aux entrées de signal de laquelle le détecteur (7) est connecté, caractérisé par le fait que pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé, on utilise un détecteur (7) qui permet de déterminer aussi bien la teneur en hydrogène que la teneur en oxygène des gaz brûlés de l'installation de chauffe, par le fait que, avant la mise en service de l'installation de chauffe, on mesure et on mémorise les valeurs limites UGN et UGÜ du signal de tension stationnaire du détecteur lors du passage dans les zones de combustion incomplète avec excès d'air ou manque d'air, par le fait que à partir de l'évolution du signal de tension U du détecteur (7) en fonction des positions correspondantes S de l'organe de réglage (5) pour l'alimentation en air, on détermine et on mémorise les valeurs limites αGM = |dUM /dSM| et αGÜ = |dUÜ/dSÜ| auxquelles se produit un passage à une combustion incomplète avec manque d'air ou avec excès d'air, par le fait que, pour détecter le dysfonctionnement du détecteur (7), à partir de l'évolution du signal de tension U du détecteur (7) en fonction des positions correspondantes S de l'organe de réglage (5) pour l'alimentation en air, on détermine, avec une sensibilité du détecteur (7 ) exclusivement à l'oxygène, les valeurs des pentes αO = dUO/dS, et que l'on mémorise ces valeurs αO ainsi que les valeurs limites αOM et αOÜ pour lesquelles un passage d'une combustion complète à une combustion incomplète a lieu, par le fait que l'unité de régulation et de surveillance (8) surveille en continu l'évolution du signal de tension U du capteur (7) et, avec les valeurs αO et les valeurs limites UGM et UGÜ, αGM et αGÜ,αOM et αOÜ mémorisées dans l'unité de régulation et de surveillance (8), détecte les passages à une combustion incomplète avec manque d'air ou avec excès d'air et, lorsqu'une de ces valeurs limites UGM et UGÜ, αGM et αGÜ, αOM et αOÜ est atteinte, engage de manière automatique des mesures sous la forme d'une augmentation ou d'une diminution de l'alimentation en air, par le fait que l'unité de régulation et de surveillance (8) surveille en plus l'évolution du signal dU/dt du détecteur (7) et, en cas de dépassement d'une valeur limite GD également mémorisée dans l'unité de régulation et de surveillance (8), effectue une régulation de l'installation de chauffe (1) dans le sens d'une combustion complète, et par le fait qu'en plus de la surveillance du détecteur (7), on modifie la tension de chauffage et on utilise l'émission de courte durée d'hydrogène/monoxyde de carbone lors de la mise en service du brûleur.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que pour le contrôle du détecteur (7), on modifie la tension de chauffage du détecteur (7) à l'aide du dispositif de régulation et de surveillance (8) et, en cas d'absence de variation du signal de détecteur, l'unité de régulation et de surveillance (8) indique un dysfonctionnement du détecteur (7).
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que pour le contrôle du détecteur (7), on utilise l'émission de courte durée d'hydrogène/monoxyde de carbone lors de la mise en service du brûleur et que en cas d'absence de variation du signal de détecteur, l'unité de régulation et de surveillance (8) indique un dysfonctionnonent du détecteur (7).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4428953A DE4428953C2 (de) | 1994-08-16 | 1994-08-16 | Verfahren zur Regelung und Überwachung der Verbrennung einer Feuerungsanlage |
DE4428953 | 1994-08-16 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0697564A1 EP0697564A1 (fr) | 1996-02-21 |
EP0697564B1 true EP0697564B1 (fr) | 1998-10-07 |
Family
ID=6525764
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95112573A Expired - Lifetime EP0697564B1 (fr) | 1994-08-16 | 1995-08-10 | Procédé de régulation et de surveillance de la combustion dans un four |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0697564B1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE4428953C2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10056064B4 (de) * | 2000-11-11 | 2005-09-08 | Honeywell B.V. | Verfahren zum Regeln eines Gasbrenners |
WO2005052451A1 (fr) * | 2003-11-25 | 2005-06-09 | Nuvera Fuel Cells, Inc. | Configuration de capteur de commande de chaudiere |
US20110039216A1 (en) | 2008-04-22 | 2011-02-17 | Basf Se | Process for controlling the addition of an auxiliary fuel |
AT511316B1 (de) * | 2011-03-01 | 2013-01-15 | Vaillant Group Austria Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum überwachen eines brenngas-luft-verbundes insbesondere eines heizgerätes |
DE102011010074B4 (de) | 2011-02-01 | 2018-11-08 | LAMTEC Meß- und Regeltechnik für Feuerungen GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren zur Überprüfung der Funktionstüchtigkeit eines Sensors und zur Regelung einer Feuerungsanlage |
DE102012015549A1 (de) | 2011-10-25 | 2013-04-25 | LAMTEC Meß- und Regeltechnik für Feuerungen GmbH | System und Verfahren zum Erkennen des Auftretens eines Überschusses an oxidierbaren Gasbestandteilen in einem Gasgemisch |
EP3173784B1 (fr) | 2015-11-24 | 2020-11-18 | LAMTEC Meß- und Regeltechnik für Feuerungen GmbH | Compteur de gaz avec unité de production de gaz de controle |
BE1024267B1 (nl) * | 2016-05-23 | 2018-01-16 | V.F.M.Cvba | Zelfregulerende haard |
DE102021101360A1 (de) | 2021-01-22 | 2022-07-28 | Vaillant Gmbh | Verfahren und Anordnung zum Erkennen und/oder Beobachten von Flammen in einem Heizgerät |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2950689A1 (de) * | 1979-12-17 | 1981-06-25 | Servo-Instrument, in Deutschland Alleinvertrieb der BEAB-Regulatoren GmbH u. Co KG, 4050 Mönchengladbach | Regelvorrichtung fuer die verbrennungsluftmenge einer feuerstaette |
DE3039994A1 (de) * | 1980-10-23 | 1982-05-06 | Karl Dungs Gmbh & Co, 7067 Urbach | Verfahren zur einstellung von verbundreglern fuer brenner in waermeerzeugungsanlagen |
DE4021929C2 (de) * | 1990-07-10 | 1998-04-30 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Sensor |
JP2922686B2 (ja) * | 1991-10-28 | 1999-07-26 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 燃焼装置の異常検出装置 |
GB9402018D0 (en) * | 1994-02-02 | 1994-03-30 | British Gas Plc | Apparatus for detecting faults in a combustion sensor |
-
1994
- 1994-08-16 DE DE4428953A patent/DE4428953C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-08-10 EP EP95112573A patent/EP0697564B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-10 DE DE59503838T patent/DE59503838D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0697564A1 (fr) | 1996-02-21 |
DE4428953C2 (de) | 1999-06-24 |
DE59503838D1 (de) | 1998-11-12 |
DE4428953A1 (de) | 1996-02-22 |
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