EP0692309A1 - Process for impactmilling and impactmill - Google Patents

Process for impactmilling and impactmill Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0692309A1
EP0692309A1 EP95108931A EP95108931A EP0692309A1 EP 0692309 A1 EP0692309 A1 EP 0692309A1 EP 95108931 A EP95108931 A EP 95108931A EP 95108931 A EP95108931 A EP 95108931A EP 0692309 A1 EP0692309 A1 EP 0692309A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
blades
impact
rotor
chamber
rotors
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EP95108931A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0692309B1 (en
Inventor
Guido Krämer
Eugen Chrapatsch
Volodia Chrapatsch
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Buehler AG
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Buehler AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/20—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with two or more co-operating rotors
    • B02C13/205—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with two or more co-operating rotors arranged concentrically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for impact milling, in particular of granular ground material such as grain or cubes, according to the preamble of claim 1, and an impact mill with coaxial rotating rotors driven rotors according to the preamble of claim 4.
  • It is particularly used for grinding regrind for animal feed.
  • centrifugal channels have also been proposed (see DE-PS-699100 and DE-A-3708914) in order to use the energy imparted to the regrind particles to convey them out of the impact area onto a subsequent sieve. Even with such tangential centrifugal channels, the ground material is thrown onto the sieve.
  • impact mills have a fixed housing with a rotor arranged and driven therein. It is also known to design disintegrators for very fine comminution with two coaxial rotors driven in opposite directions (DE-A-3417556).
  • the rotors each carry at least two concentric blade rings, the blade rings of both rotors alternately intermeshing. Both rotors are driven by a common drive.
  • one rotor is fastened to a hollow shaft and the other rotor is arranged on a shaft which penetrates the hollow shaft via a bushing. Both shafts are stored in an external bearing.
  • the high design effort is necessary to achieve a turbo effect in accordance with EP-A-48012 with a safe bearing function.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for impact milling of granular regrind and an impact mill for carrying out the method, which allows a high degree of uniformity of the grinding of the material to be ground (little scattering of the particle size) with a minimal content of dust fractions with little technical and economic effort . This is done in a surprisingly simple manner by the features of the characterizing part of claims 1 and 2, respectively.
  • the regrind is passed to a first grinding stage, where it is accelerated in a defined direction and strikes a surface of work organs. Under the action of impact, the regrind grains are comminuted into particles of different sizes by transmitting the speed vector opposite to the acceleration. The shredded particles then go to a separator, where they are separated accordingly. The separator is located outside the crushing zone and the particles approach each other tangentially. The particles of the desired size are discharged as a finished product, and coarse particles are returned to the comminution zone in a second comminution stage, where they are subjected to an acceleration and impact again, however, in contrast to the first stage, finer particles are formed. There is again a separation into coarse and finished product outside the comminution zone, the coarse product again being fed to the first comminution stage.
  • the crushing cycle is closed and the particles are separated outside of that, which allows both a reduction in energy consumption and wear of the separating device.
  • differentiated treatment of particles of different sizes is achieved.
  • the use of two comminution stages allows the influence on particles with different processing intensities in each stage.
  • the process can be carried out in an impact or impact mill with a cylindrical chamber, which has inlet and outlet connections for the regrind as well as rotors which are coaxially installed therein and which rotate in the opposite direction with the working elements attached to them.
  • the chamber is perforated and divided into two chamber regions by means of the rotors, the regions being connected to one another by intersecting channels which are arranged outside their boundaries and which result in a closed flow of the ground material.
  • the result is a closed grinding process with a predeterminable particle size and the possibility of automatic control of the process.
  • the number of transfer stages of the coarse fractions from the work area 12 into the work area 13 depends on the type of the ground material, its moisture and the intensity of the impact.
  • rotors 6 and 8 with blades 7 and 9 attached to them are arranged horizontally and coaxially.
  • the rotors 6, 8 are surrounded on their outer circumference by a sieve 5, as a result of which a cylindrical chamber 4, which is divided into two working areas 12 and 13 by the rotors 6, 8.
  • the rotors 6, 8 are driven by electric motors 10 and 11.
  • the rotor 6 has two rows and the rotor 8 has a row of blades 7, 9, which is divided into two halves with the rotor disk. One half of the blades 9 of the rotor 8 is arranged between the rows of blades of the rotor 6.
  • An inlet 2 which is arranged on the side of the working area 12 on the housing 1, serves to feed the impact mill with regrind.
  • An outlet 3 for the ground material (finished product) is arranged below the chamber 4.
  • channels 14 and 15 are arranged on the housing 1 for returning the insufficiently comminuted (coarse) particle fractions.
  • the channels 14, 15 are arranged outside the chamber 4.
  • the width of the channel 14 corresponds to the width of the row of blades 7 of the rotor 6, which is arranged closer to the axis 16.
  • the channel 14 has a curved, curved shape, starting from the chamber 4 and opening laterally and centrally into the working area 13.
  • Channel 15 is designed analogously. It also starts from chamber 4 and opens laterally and centrally into work area 12.
  • the size of the gap between the ends of the blades 7 and the sieve 5 is to be dimensioned such that the movement of the comminuted product on the sieve 5 takes place under the action of the centrifugal force without the direct action of the outer blades 7.
  • the angle of attack of the blades 7, 9 should be chosen to be correspondingly small in order to achieve the described wear-reducing movement path of the particles.
  • the electric motors 10, 11 are loaded approximately the same.
  • the perforated part of the chamber 4 can be dismantled in order to allow a screen change.
  • the perforated part of the chamber 4 should also take up as large a part of its cylindrical surface as possible in order to achieve an efficient separation process.
  • the number of grinding stages can be increased, e.g. B. on seven stages, the rotor 6 then having three and the rotor 8 two rows of blades 7, 9.
  • the impact mill When grinding grain into flour, the impact mill can be used as a B1 and B2 passage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves the grinding material being accelerated by the blades (7) of a first rotor (6) and pulverized against the blades (9) of an oppositely rotating rotor (8). The pulverized material strikes at a low angle a filter (5) in the path of movement of the rotor (6) and is separated into fractions. The remaining coarse fractions are passed on in the direction of movement and subjected to renewed acceleration, impact and filtering. The first and third grinding stages take place in separate work areas (12,13) of the chamber (4). Acceleration and impact alternate cyclically in two intermediate zones which are connected together by streams of insufficiently pulverised material. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Prallvermahlung insbesondere von körnigem Mahlgut wie Getreide oder Würfel nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und eine Prallmühle mit koaxial gegensinnig umlaufenden, angetriebenen Rotoren nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 4.The invention relates to a method for impact milling, in particular of granular ground material such as grain or cubes, according to the preamble of claim 1, and an impact mill with coaxial rotating rotors driven rotors according to the preamble of claim 4.

Sie findet insbesondere Anwendung zur Vermahlung von Mahlgut für Tierfutter.It is particularly used for grinding regrind for animal feed.

Bei herkömmlichen Schlagmühlen (siehe z. B. EP-B-51389 oder DE-A-3708914) wird die Feinheit des Produkts weitgehend von der Sieblochung (Siebfeinheit) bestimmt, wobei das Mahlgut solange im Mahlraum verbleibt, bis ein Passieren des Siebes möglich wird. Das Mahlgut wird einer Vielzahl von Schlägen des/der Rotors/Rotoren ausgesetzt, bis die entsprechende Feinheit erreicht ist. Dies bedingt einen hohen Energieaufwand und ein teilweise übermässiges Zerkleinern des Mahlgutes.In conventional impact mills (see e.g. EP-B-51389 or DE-A-3708914) the fineness of the product is largely determined by the perforation of the sieve (sieve fineness), the ground material remaining in the grinding chamber until it is possible to pass through the sieve . The regrind is exposed to a large number of blows of the rotor (s) until the corresponding fineness is reached. This requires a high amount of energy and a partially excessive grinding of the ground material.

Ist das Sieb im Schlagraum angeordnet, wie z. B. gemäss der EP-B-98441, bei der der Rotor einer Schlagmühle konzentrisch von einem Sieb umgeben ist, trifft das Mahlgut mit hoher Geschwindigkeit auf den Siebmantel, was den Siebverschleiss erhöht.Is the sieve arranged in the impact area, such as. B. according to EP-B-98441, in which the rotor of an impact mill is concentrically surrounded by a sieve, the ground material hits the sieve jacket at high speed, which increases the sieve wear.

Zur Verbesserung der Energiebilanz derartiger Schlagmühlen wurden auch Schleuderkanäle vorgeschlagen (siehe DE-PS-699100 und DE-A-3708914), um die den Mahlgutteilchen erteilte Energie zum Fördern derselben aus dem Schlagraum heraus auf ein anschliessendes Sieb zu nutzen. Auch bei derartigen tangentialen Schleuderkanälen wird das Mahlgut auf das Sieb geworfen.To improve the energy balance of such impact mills, centrifugal channels have also been proposed (see DE-PS-699100 and DE-A-3708914) in order to use the energy imparted to the regrind particles to convey them out of the impact area onto a subsequent sieve. Even with such tangential centrifugal channels, the ground material is thrown onto the sieve.

Zumeist weisen Schlagmühlen ein feststehendes Gehäuse mit einem, darin angeordneten und angetriebenen Rotor auf. Es ist darüberhinaus bekannt, Desintegratoren zur Feinstzerkleinerung mit zwei koaxialen, gegensinnig umlaufend angetriebenen Rotoren auszubilden (DE-A-3417556). Die Rotoren tragen jeweils mindestens zwei konzentrische Schaufelkränze, wobei die Schaufelkränze beider Rotoren alternierend ineinander greifen. Der Antrieb beider Rotoren erfolgt durch einen gemeinsamen Antrieb. Hierzu ist der eine Rotor an einer Hohlwelle befestigt und der andere Rotor über eine Buchse an einer, die Hohlwelle durchsetzende Welle angeordnet. Beide Wellen sind in einer Aussenlagerung gelagert. Der hohe konstruktive Aufwand ist erforderlich, um einen Turboeffekt gemäss EP-A-48012 bei sicherer Lagerfunktion zu erzielen.Mostly, impact mills have a fixed housing with a rotor arranged and driven therein. It is also known to design disintegrators for very fine comminution with two coaxial rotors driven in opposite directions (DE-A-3417556). The rotors each carry at least two concentric blade rings, the blade rings of both rotors alternately intermeshing. Both rotors are driven by a common drive. For this purpose, one rotor is fastened to a hollow shaft and the other rotor is arranged on a shaft which penetrates the hollow shaft via a bushing. Both shafts are stored in an external bearing. The high design effort is necessary to achieve a turbo effect in accordance with EP-A-48012 with a safe bearing function.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Prallvermahlung von körnigem Mahlgut und eine Prallmühle zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zu schaffen, die bei geringem technischen und wirtschaftlichen Aufwand eine hohe Gleichmässigkeit der Vermahlung des Mahlgutes (geringe Streuung der Teilchengrösse) mit minimalem Gehalt an Staubfraktionen ermöglicht. Dies geschieht in überraschend einfacher Weise durch die Merkmale des Kennzeichens des Anspruchs 1 bzw. 2.The invention has for its object to provide a method for impact milling of granular regrind and an impact mill for carrying out the method, which allows a high degree of uniformity of the grinding of the material to be ground (little scattering of the particle size) with a minimal content of dust fractions with little technical and economic effort . This is done in a surprisingly simple manner by the features of the characterizing part of claims 1 and 2, respectively.

Die übliche Vermahlung von Mahlgut in einer Mehrzahl von Zerkleinerungsvorrichtungen (hohe Reibung) führt zur teilweise übermässigen Zerkleinerung des Produktes und hohem Energieverbrauch, in Verbindung mit vergleichsweise hohem Verschleiss. Dies resultiert daraus, dass die Auflösung des Mahlgutes vorrangig in der sich bewegenden Schicht zwischen den Enden der Schläger und der Sieboberfläche/Siebkammer. Beim Turbo-effekt auch Prallung zwischen den Teilchen selbst. Überraschend zeigte sich nun, dass durch Anwendung einer "reinen" Prallung die Nachteile des bekannten Standes der Technik vermieden werden können. Erfindungsgemäss wird das Mahlgut zunächst beschleunigt und prallt nachfolgend gegen Arbeitsorgane. Da hierzu Geschwindigkeiten von über 100 m/s erforderlich sind, wird ein Maximum an Zerkleinerung bei minimaler Reibung durch eine Gegenprallung des beschleunigten Mahlgutes durch eine an sich bekannte Bewegung in entgegengesetzter Richtung erreicht. Das Mahlgut wird zunächst in einer rotierenden Bewegung beschleunigt und nachfolgend geprallt durch Umwandlung des Geschwindigkeitsvektors in einen der Beschleunigung entgegengesetzten Vektor. Beschleunigung und Prallung wechseln sich zyklisch in zwei Zwischenzonen ab, welche miteinander durch Ströme noch nicht genügend zerkleinerter Teilchen verbunden sind, mit Ausscheidung von Teilchen gewünschter Grösse zwischen den Zyklen.The usual grinding of regrind in a plurality of comminution devices (high friction) leads to excessive comminution of the product and high energy consumption, in connection with comparatively high wear. This results from the fact that the grinding material dissolves primarily in the moving layer between the ends of the beater and the sieve surface / sieve chamber. With the turbo effect, the impact between the particles themselves. Surprisingly, it has now been found that the disadvantages of the known prior art can be avoided by using a "pure" impact. According to the invention, the regrind is first accelerated and then bounces against work organs. Since speeds of over 100 m / s are required for this purpose, maximum shredding is minimized Friction achieved by a counter-impact of the accelerated ground material by a movement known per se in the opposite direction. The regrind is first accelerated in a rotating movement and then bounced by converting the speed vector into a vector opposite to the acceleration. Acceleration and impact alternate cyclically in two intermediate zones, which are connected to one another by streams of particles that have not yet been comminuted sufficiently, with the separation of particles of the desired size between the cycles.

Das Mahlgut wird auf eine erste Vermahlungsstufe geleitet, wo es in definierter Richtung beschleunigt wird und gegen eine Fläche von Arbeitsorganen prallt. Unter der Schlageinwirkung werden die Mahlgutkörner in Teilchen unterschiedlicher Grösse unter Übermittlung des der Beschleunigung entgegengesetzten Geschwindigkeitsvektors zerkleinert. Danach gelangen die zerkleinerten Teilchen auf einen Separator, wo sie entsprechend separiert werden. Der Separator ist ausserhalb der Zerkleinerungszone angeordnet und die Teilchen nähern sich tangential an. Die Teilchen gewünschter Grösse werden als Fertigprodukt abgeführt, grobe Teilchen gelangen durch Rückführung in die Zerkleinerungszone auf eine zweite Zerkleinerungsstufe und werden dort erneut einer Beschleunigung und Prallung unterworfen, wobei jedoch, im Unterschied zur ersten Stufe, feinere Teilchen entstehen. Es folgt wiederum eine Separierung in Grob- und Fertigprodukt ausserhalb der Zerkleinerungszone, wobei das Grobprodukt erneut der ersten Zerkleinerungsstufe zugeführt wird.The regrind is passed to a first grinding stage, where it is accelerated in a defined direction and strikes a surface of work organs. Under the action of impact, the regrind grains are comminuted into particles of different sizes by transmitting the speed vector opposite to the acceleration. The shredded particles then go to a separator, where they are separated accordingly. The separator is located outside the crushing zone and the particles approach each other tangentially. The particles of the desired size are discharged as a finished product, and coarse particles are returned to the comminution zone in a second comminution stage, where they are subjected to an acceleration and impact again, however, in contrast to the first stage, finer particles are formed. There is again a separation into coarse and finished product outside the comminution zone, the coarse product again being fed to the first comminution stage.

Der Zerkleinerungszyklus ist geschlossen und die Separierung der Teilchen erfolgt ausserhalb dessen, was sowohl eine Senkung des Energieverbrauchs als auch des Verschleisses der Separiereinrichtung gestattet. Gleichzeitig wird eine differenzierte Behandlung von unterschiedlich grossen Teilchen erreicht. Die Verwendung von zwei Zerkleinerungsstufen erlaubt eine Einflussnahme auf Teilchen mit abweichender Bearbeitungsintensität in jeder Stufe.The crushing cycle is closed and the particles are separated outside of that, which allows both a reduction in energy consumption and wear of the separating device. At the same time, differentiated treatment of particles of different sizes is achieved. The use of two comminution stages allows the influence on particles with different processing intensities in each stage.

Das Verfahren kann in einer Prall- bzw. Schlagmühle mit zylindrischer Kammer, die mit Ein- und Auslasstutzen für das Mahlgut sowie darin koaxial installierten Rotoren, die mit daran befestigten Arbeitsorganen in entgegengesetzter Richtung drehen, ausgeführt werden. Die Kammer ist perforiert ausgeführt und mittels der Rotoren in zwei Kammerbereiche unterteilt, wobei die Bereiche untereinander durch sich kreuzende Kanäle verbunden sind, die ausserhalb ihrer Begrenzungen angeordnet sind und die einen geschlossenen Fluss des Mahlgutes ergeben.The process can be carried out in an impact or impact mill with a cylindrical chamber, which has inlet and outlet connections for the regrind as well as rotors which are coaxially installed therein and which rotate in the opposite direction with the working elements attached to them. The chamber is perforated and divided into two chamber regions by means of the rotors, the regions being connected to one another by intersecting channels which are arranged outside their boundaries and which result in a closed flow of the ground material.

Es ergibt sich ein geschlossener Vermahlungsprozess mit vorgebbarer Teilchengrösse und der Möglichkeit der automatischen Steuerung des Prozesses.The result is a closed grinding process with a predeterminable particle size and the possibility of automatic control of the process.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an einem Ausführungsbeispiel an Hand einer Zeichnung näher beschrieben. In der Zeichnung zeigen die

Fig. 1:
eine Prallmühle
Fig. 2:
einen Schnitt A-A der Prallmühle
Fig. 3:
einen Schnitt B-B der Prallmühle
Eine Prallmühle wird mit dem zu vermahlenden Gut gespeist. Dieses gelangt über einen Einlass 2 im freien Fall in einen ersten Arbeitsbereich 12 einer Kammer 4. Hier wird das Mahlgut unter der Einwirkung eines, durch eine Drehbewegung eines Rotors 6 erzeugten Luftstrom auf eine erste Reihe von Schaufeln 7 des Rotors 6 geleitet. Die einzelnen Körner des Mahlgutes werden von diesen Schaufeln 7 erfasst, beschleunigt und mit hoher Geschwindigkeit gegen Schaufeln 9 eines Rotors 8 geworfen. Die Schaufeln 9 befinden sich zwischen der ersten und einer zweiten Reihen von Schaufeln 7 des Rotors 6.The invention is described below using an exemplary embodiment with reference to a drawing. In the drawing they show
Fig. 1:
an impact mill
Fig. 2:
a section AA of the impact mill
Fig. 3:
a section BB of the impact mill
An impact mill is fed with the material to be ground. This passes through an inlet 2 in free fall into a first working area 12 of a chamber 4. Here, the regrind is passed onto a first row of blades 7 of the rotor 6 under the action of an air flow generated by a rotary movement of a rotor 6. The individual grains of the ground material are gripped by these blades 7, accelerated and thrown against blades 9 of a rotor 8 at high speed. The blades 9 are located between the first and a second row of blades 7 of the rotor 6.

Infolge der Prallung der Körner gegen die Schaufeln 9 des Rotors 8, der sich in entgegengesetzter Richtung zum Rotor 6 dreht, werden die Körner teilweise zerkleinert, mittels der Schaufeln 9 erneut beschleunigt und gegen die zweite, äussere Reihe der Schaufeln 7 geschleudert. Infolge Prallwirkung an den Schaufeln 7 erfolgt eine weitere Zerkleinerung der Körner in Teilchen unterschiedlicher verschiedener Feinheit. Diese gelangen von den Schaufeln 7 in Drehrichtung des Rotors 6 bahnförmig auf die Oberfläche des Siebes 5. Während sich die Teilchen in einem Luftpolster reibungsarm in Drehrichtung des Rotors 6 auf der Oberfläche des Siebes 5 bewegen, erfolgt unter Einwirkung von Zentrifugalkraft und des Luftstromes eine Separierung in eine grobe und eine Feinfraktion. Teilchen, die die Öffnungen des Siebes 5 passieren, verlassen die Schlagmühle über einen Auslass 3, während gröbere Teilchen infolge weiterer Bewegung in einen seitlichen Kanal 14 und von dort in einen zweiten Arbeitsbereich 13 der Kammer 4 gelangen. Unter Einwirkung der derselben Kräfte wie im Arbeitsbereich 12, werden die Teilchen von den Schaufeln 9 erfasst und gegen die Schaufeln 7 geschleudert. Auf Grund der Prallung erfolgt eine zusätzliche Zerkleinerung der Teilchen, welche, die Schaufeln 7 verlassend, sich in Drehrichtung des Rotors 6 wieder auf der Oberfläche des Siebes 5 bewegen. Die Feinfraktion wird wiederum nach Passieren des Siebes 5 über den Auslass 3 ausgetragen. Die noch verbleibende Grobfraktion kann über den Kanal 15 einer weiteren Vermahlung zugeführt werden.As a result of the impact of the grains against the blades 9 of the rotor 8, which rotates in the opposite direction to the rotor 6, the grains are partially comminuted, accelerated again by means of the blades 9 and flung against the second, outer row of the blades 7. As a result of the impact effect on the blades 7, the grains are further comminuted into particles of different fineness. These pass from the blades 7 in the direction of rotation of the rotor 6 in a web shape onto the surface of the sieve 5. While the particles in an air cushion move with little friction in the direction of rotation of the rotor 6 on the surface of the sieve 5, separation takes place under the action of centrifugal force and the air flow in a coarse and a fine fraction. Particles that pass through the openings of the sieve 5 leave the impact mill via an outlet 3, while coarser particles, as a result of further movement, enter a side channel 14 and from there into a second working area 13 of the chamber 4. Under the action of the same forces as in the working area 12, the particles are caught by the blades 9 and thrown against the blades 7. Due to the impact, the particles are additionally comminuted, which, leaving the blades 7, move again on the surface of the sieve 5 in the direction of rotation of the rotor 6. The fine fraction is again discharged through the outlet 3 after passing through the sieve 5. The remaining coarse fraction can be fed to a further grinding via the channel 15.

Die Anzahl der Überführungsstufen der Grobfraktionen vom Arbeitsbereich 12 in den Arbeitsbereich 13 hängt von der Art des Mahlgutes, seiner Feuchtigkeit und der Intensität der Prallung ab.The number of transfer stages of the coarse fractions from the work area 12 into the work area 13 depends on the type of the ground material, its moisture and the intensity of the impact.

In einem Gehäuse 1 der Prallmühle sind horizontal und koaxial Rotoren 6 und 8 mit daran befestigten Schaufeln 7 und 9 angeordnet. An ihrem äusseren Umfang sind die Rotoren 6, 8 von einem Sieb 5 umgeben, wodurch eine zylindrische Kammer 4, die durch die Rotoren 6, 8 in zwei Arbeitsbereiche 12 und 13 unterteilt ist, gebildet ist.In a housing 1 of the impact mill, rotors 6 and 8 with blades 7 and 9 attached to them are arranged horizontally and coaxially. The rotors 6, 8 are surrounded on their outer circumference by a sieve 5, as a result of which a cylindrical chamber 4, which is divided into two working areas 12 and 13 by the rotors 6, 8.

Der Antrieb der Rotoren 6, 8 erfolgt durch Elektromotoren 10 und 11.The rotors 6, 8 are driven by electric motors 10 and 11.

Der Rotor 6 hat zwei Reihen und der Rotor 8 eine Reihe Schaufeln 7, 9, die mit der Rotorscheibe in zwei Hälften geteilt ist. Eine Hälfte der Schaufeln 9 des Rotors 8 ist zwischen den Schaufelreihen des Rotors 6 angeordnet.The rotor 6 has two rows and the rotor 8 has a row of blades 7, 9, which is divided into two halves with the rotor disk. One half of the blades 9 of the rotor 8 is arranged between the rows of blades of the rotor 6.

Ein Einlass 2, der seitlich am Arbeitsbereich 12 am Gehäuse 1 angeordnet ist, dient der Speisung der Prallmühle mit Mahlgut. Unterhalb der Kammer 4 ist ein Auslass 3 für das vermahlene Gut (Fertigprodukt) angeordnet.An inlet 2, which is arranged on the side of the working area 12 on the housing 1, serves to feed the impact mill with regrind. An outlet 3 for the ground material (finished product) is arranged below the chamber 4.

In Fortsetzung des Siebes 5 sind Kanäle 14 und 15 am Gehäuse 1 angeordnet zur Rückführung der ungenügend zerkleinerten (groben) Teilchenfraktionen. Die Kanäle 14, 15 sind ausserhalb der Kammer 4 angeordnet. In seiner Breite entspricht der Kanal 14 der Breite der Reihe der Schaufeln 7 des Rotors 6, die näher zur Achse 16 angeordnet ist. Der Kanal 14 hat eine gekrümmte, kurvenartige Form, ausgehend von der Kammer 4 und seitlich und zentral in den Arbeitsbereich 13 mündend. Analog ist der Kanal 15 konzipiert. Er geht ebenfalls von der Kammer 4 aus und mündet seitlich und zentral in den Arbeitsbereich 12.In continuation of the sieve 5, channels 14 and 15 are arranged on the housing 1 for returning the insufficiently comminuted (coarse) particle fractions. The channels 14, 15 are arranged outside the chamber 4. The width of the channel 14 corresponds to the width of the row of blades 7 of the rotor 6, which is arranged closer to the axis 16. The channel 14 has a curved, curved shape, starting from the chamber 4 and opening laterally and centrally into the working area 13. Channel 15 is designed analogously. It also starts from chamber 4 and opens laterally and centrally into work area 12.

Die Grösse des Spaltes zwischen den Enden der Schaufeln 7 und dem Sieb 5 ist so zu bemessen, dass die Bewegung des zerkleinerten Produktes auf dem Sieb 5 unter Einwirkung der Zentrifugalkraft ohne unmittelbare Einwirkung der äusseren Schaufeln 7 erfolgt.The size of the gap between the ends of the blades 7 and the sieve 5 is to be dimensioned such that the movement of the comminuted product on the sieve 5 takes place under the action of the centrifugal force without the direct action of the outer blades 7.

Der Anstellwinkel der Schaufeln 7, 9 ist entsprechend klein zu wählen, um die beschriebene, verschleissmindernde Bewegungsbahn der Teilchen zu erreichen.The angle of attack of the blades 7, 9 should be chosen to be correspondingly small in order to achieve the described wear-reducing movement path of the particles.

Die Elektromotoren 10, 11 sind etwa gleich belastet.The electric motors 10, 11 are loaded approximately the same.

Der perforierte Teil der Kammer 4 ist demontierbar, um einen Siebwechsel zu ermöglichen.The perforated part of the chamber 4 can be dismantled in order to allow a screen change.

Ebenfalls sollte der perforierte Teil der Kammer 4 einen möglichst grossen Teil ihrer zylindrischen Oberfläche einnehmen, um einen leistungsfähigen Trennprozess zu erreichen.The perforated part of the chamber 4 should also take up as large a part of its cylindrical surface as possible in order to achieve an efficient separation process.

Durch Vergrösserung der Anzahl der Reihen an Schaufeln 7, 9 auf den Rotoren 6, 8 kann die Zahl der Vermahlungsstufen erhöht werden, z. B. auf sieben Stufen, wobei der Rotor 6 dann drei und der Rotor 8 zwei Reihen Schaufeln 7, 9 aufweist.By increasing the number of rows of blades 7, 9 on the rotors 6, 8, the number of grinding stages can be increased, e.g. B. on seven stages, the rotor 6 then having three and the rotor 8 two rows of blades 7, 9.

Der im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Schlagmühlen wesentlich geringere Energiebedarf und die geringe Reibungsbeeinflussung führen zu einer vernachlässigbaren Erwärmung der erfindungsgemässen Schlagmühle im Betrieb und damit auch zu einem geringen Feuchteverlust des Mahlgutes.The significantly lower energy requirement compared to conventional impact mills and the low friction influence lead to a negligible heating of the impact mill according to the invention during operation and thus to a low moisture loss of the ground material.

Infolge des Betriebes der erfindungsgemässen Prallmühle ohne Aspiration ist es auch möglich, Gerste wirtschaftlich zu vermahlen.As a result of the operation of the impact mill according to the invention without aspiration, it is also possible to grind barley economically.

Bei der Getreidevermahlung zu Mehl ist der Einsatz der Prallmühle als B1- und B2-Passage möglich.When grinding grain into flour, the impact mill can be used as a B1 and B2 passage.

BezugszeichenReference numerals

11
Gehäusecasing
22nd
Einlassinlet
33rd
AuslassOutlet
44th
Kammerchamber
55
SiebSieve
66
Rotorrotor
77
Schaufelshovel
88th
Rotorrotor
99
Schaufelshovel
1010th
ElektromotorElectric motor
1111
ElektromotorElectric motor
1212th
ArbeitsbereichWorkspace
1313
ArbeitsbereichWorkspace
1414
Kanalchannel
1515
Kanalchannel
1616
Achseaxis

Claims (9)

Verfahren zur Prallvermahlung von insbesondere körnigem Mahlgut unter Anwendung einer Mühle mit horizontal gelagerten Rotoren, die gegensinnig zueinander laufen sowie unter Anordnung eines an sich bekannten Schleuderkanals zur Rückführung von zerkleinertem Mahlgut nach einer ersten Vermahlungsstufe zu einer weiteren Vermah lungsstufe, wobei das Mahlgut zunächst in eine Kammer (4) mit den Rotoren einer Prallmühle geleitet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass a, das Mahlgut durch Schaufeln (7) eines ersten Rotors (6) beschleunigt wird und gegen Schaufeln (9) eines gegensinnig umlaufenden Rotors (8) prallt und zerklei nert wird, b, dass das zerkleinerte Mahlgut in Richtung der Bewe gungsbahn des Rotors (6) mit geringem Winkel auf ein Sieb (5) trifft und in Fraktionen separiert wird, c, dass die verbleibende Grobfraktion in Bewegungsrich tung weitergeführt und einer erneuten Beschleunigung, Prallung und Siebung unterzogen werden, wobei die Ver mahlungsstufen gemäss a, und c, in voneinander ge trennten Arbeitsbereichen (12, 13) der Kammer (4) ausgeführt werden. Process for impact milling of particularly granular regrind using a mill with horizontally mounted rotors that run in opposite directions to one another and by arranging a known centrifugal channel for returning crushed regrind after a first grinding stage to a further grinding stage, the regrind initially in a chamber (4) with the rotors of an impact mill, characterized in that a, the regrind is accelerated by blades (7) of a first rotor (6) and impinges against blades (9) of an oppositely rotating rotor (8) and is crushed, b that the ground material in the direction of the movement path of the rotor (6) hits a sieve (5) at a small angle and is separated into fractions, c that the remaining coarse fraction is continued in the direction of movement and subjected to renewed acceleration, impact and sieving, the grinding stages according to a and c being carried out in separate working areas (12, 13) of the chamber (4). Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Weiterführung der Grobfraktion gemäss c, in einem Kanal (14, 15) erfolgt.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the coarse fraction continues according to c, in a channel (14, 15). Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich Beschleunigung und Prallung zyklisch in zwei Zwi schenzonen abwechseln, welche miteinander durch Ströme ungenügend zerkleinerten Mahlgutes verbunden sind, mit einer Separation einer Feinfraktion zwischen den Vermahlungsstufen, wobei die Prallung in den Zwischenstufen mit unterschiedlicher Intensität erfolgt.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that acceleration and impact alternate cyclically in two intermediate zones, which are connected to one another by streams of grinding material insufficiently comminuted, with a separation of a fine fraction between the grinding stages, the impact occurring in the intermediate stages with different intensities. Prallmühle zur Ausübung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Prallmühle aus einem Gehäuse (1) mit darin horizontal und koaxial angeordneten Rotoren (6, 8), an denen Schaufeln (7, 9) befestigt sind, wobei der eine Rotor (6) mindestens zwei Reihen Schaufeln (7) und der andere Rotor (8) mindestens eine Reihe Schaufeln (9), die zwischen den Reihen der Schaufeln (7) angeordnet ist, aufweisen und aus einem, die Rotoren (6, 8) an ihrem äusseren Umfang umgebenden Sieb (5) sowie einem seitlich an der Kammer (4) angeordneten Einlass (2) und einem, unterhalb der Kammer (4) angeordneten Auslass (3) und weiterhin aus, eine Fortsetzung des Siebes (5) bildenden Kanälen (14, 15) besteht.Impact mill for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that
the impact mill consists of a housing (1) with therein horizontally and coaxially arranged rotors (6, 8) to which blades (7, 9) are attached, one rotor (6) having at least two rows of blades (7) and the other rotor (8) have at least one row of blades (9), which is arranged between the rows of blades (7), and of a screen (5) surrounding the rotors (6, 8) on their outer circumference and one on the side of the chamber (4) arranged inlet (2) and one, below the chamber (4) arranged outlet (3) and further out, a continuation of the sieve (5) forming channels (14, 15). Prallmühle nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Reihen der Schaufeln (7, 9) in Hälften mit der Rotorscheibe geteilt sind und so getrennte Arbeitsbereiche (12, 13) bilden.Impact mill according to claim 4, characterized in that the rows of blades (7, 9) are divided in half with the rotor disk and thus form separate working areas (12, 13). Prallmühle nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kanäle (14, 15) ausserhalb der Kammer (4) angeordnet sind und in einer kurvenartigen Form von der Kammer (4) ausgehend seitlich in die Arbeitsbereiche (13, 12) münden, wobei die Breite des Kanals (14) der Breite der inneren Reihe der Schaufeln (7) entspricht.Impact mill according to claim 4, characterized in that the channels (14, 15) are arranged outside the chamber (4) and open in a curved shape from the chamber (4) laterally into the working areas (13, 12), the width of the channel (14) corresponds to the width of the inner row of the blades (7). Prallmühle nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Sieb (5) auswechselbar ist.Impact mill according to claim 4, characterized in that the sieve (5) is replaceable. Prallmühle nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rotoren (6, 8) gegensinnig umlaufend angetrieben sind, vorzugsweise durch separate Antriebe.Impact mill according to claim 4, characterized in that the rotors (6, 8) are driven rotating in opposite directions, preferably by separate drives. Prallmühle nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schaufeln (7, 9) einen Anstellwinkel von vorzugsweise nicht mehr als 15° aufweisen.Impact mill according to claim 4, characterized in that the blades (7, 9) have an angle of attack of preferably not more than 15 °.
EP95108931A 1994-07-14 1995-06-09 Process for impactmilling and impactmill Expired - Lifetime EP0692309B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2247/94 1994-07-14
CH224794 1994-07-14
CH224794 1994-07-14

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EP0692309A1 true EP0692309A1 (en) 1996-01-17
EP0692309B1 EP0692309B1 (en) 1999-09-08

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EP (1) EP0692309B1 (en)
DE (1) DE59506766D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2138113T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2153935C2 (en)
UA (1) UA44235C2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0764470A1 (en) * 1995-09-25 1997-03-26 Bühler Ag Process for impact milling and impact mill

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2563693C1 (en) * 2014-07-08 2015-09-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Белгородский государственный технологический университет им. В.Г. Шухова" Disintegrator
RU2563695C1 (en) * 2014-07-08 2015-09-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Белгородский государственный технологический университет им. В.Г. Шухова" Disintegrator
RU2579491C1 (en) * 2015-02-16 2016-04-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Белгородский государственный технологический университет им. В.Г. Шухова" Disintegrator
RU183474U1 (en) * 2017-03-20 2018-09-24 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Белгородский государственный технологический университет им. В.Г. Шухова" CENTRIFUGAL MILL

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB135955A (en) * 1918-12-06 1919-12-08 William Stephenson Barron Improvements relating to Impact Grinders.
GB191977A (en) * 1922-02-27 1923-01-25 George Porteus Improvements in or relating to disintegrators
DE699100C (en) 1939-10-25 1940-11-22 Adolf Steinbrueckner Hammer mill
FR1189754A (en) * 1958-01-14 1959-10-06 Crusher
FR2084599A5 (en) * 1970-03-13 1971-12-17 Estkolkhozproekt
EP0048012A2 (en) 1980-09-16 1982-03-24 HAMMONA Immobilien-Anlagen GmbH Disintegrating apparatus and its operation method
DE3417556A1 (en) 1984-05-11 1985-11-21 AGEFA Aktiengesellschaft für Aufbereitungstechnologie, Zunzgen Disintegrator
GB2166368A (en) * 1983-12-28 1986-05-08 Tallinsk Polt Inst Disintegrator
EP0051389B1 (en) 1980-11-01 1987-01-21 Sardon International Limited Pulveriser machines
DE3708914A1 (en) 1986-03-24 1987-10-08 Buehler Ag Geb Installation having at least one beating mill

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB135955A (en) * 1918-12-06 1919-12-08 William Stephenson Barron Improvements relating to Impact Grinders.
GB191977A (en) * 1922-02-27 1923-01-25 George Porteus Improvements in or relating to disintegrators
DE699100C (en) 1939-10-25 1940-11-22 Adolf Steinbrueckner Hammer mill
FR1189754A (en) * 1958-01-14 1959-10-06 Crusher
FR2084599A5 (en) * 1970-03-13 1971-12-17 Estkolkhozproekt
EP0048012A2 (en) 1980-09-16 1982-03-24 HAMMONA Immobilien-Anlagen GmbH Disintegrating apparatus and its operation method
EP0051389B1 (en) 1980-11-01 1987-01-21 Sardon International Limited Pulveriser machines
GB2166368A (en) * 1983-12-28 1986-05-08 Tallinsk Polt Inst Disintegrator
DE3417556A1 (en) 1984-05-11 1985-11-21 AGEFA Aktiengesellschaft für Aufbereitungstechnologie, Zunzgen Disintegrator
DE3708914A1 (en) 1986-03-24 1987-10-08 Buehler Ag Geb Installation having at least one beating mill

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0764470A1 (en) * 1995-09-25 1997-03-26 Bühler Ag Process for impact milling and impact mill

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2153935C2 (en) 2000-08-10
UA44235C2 (en) 2002-02-15
ES2138113T3 (en) 2000-01-01
EP0692309B1 (en) 1999-09-08
DE59506766D1 (en) 1999-10-14

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