EP0640015B1 - Device for crushing and cooling a material leaving a burning oven - Google Patents
Device for crushing and cooling a material leaving a burning oven Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0640015B1 EP0640015B1 EP94911190A EP94911190A EP0640015B1 EP 0640015 B1 EP0640015 B1 EP 0640015B1 EP 94911190 A EP94911190 A EP 94911190A EP 94911190 A EP94911190 A EP 94911190A EP 0640015 B1 EP0640015 B1 EP 0640015B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- crushing
- crushing elements
- crusher
- cooler
- arrangement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/02—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/28—Details
Definitions
- the invention relates to an arrangement for breaking and Cooling the material emerging from a kiln, in which the Crushers in the hot area preferably immediately after the furnace is located in the Gutweg in front of the cooler and only protrudes into part of the cross section of the radiator inlet shaft, while the other part for the cooling air flow from the cooler to the oven is free.
- the invention has recognized that the maintenance problem arises particularly easy with an arrangement of the type mentioned can be solved by using a crusher that looks like a Roll breaker comprises a plurality of roller-shaped breaking elements, if they fly outside of the good path according to the invention are stored and protrude into the Gutweg.
- This arrangement has the advantage that the storage facilities as such the high temperature of the application area are not exposed. As a result, the need for maintenance is on the storage facilities less and the maintenance can so far can also often be carried out without interrupting operations. If the crushing elements themselves require maintenance, they can simply withdrawn individually with their storage facilities and serviced or replaced. Since the entire crusher is made from one A plurality of roller-shaped crushing elements is formed, suffers only part of the crusher is an interruption in operation, which is therefore tolerable in many cases. In addition, by appropriate choice of the direction of rotation of those crushing elements that are adjacent to the retracted crushing element be that through the withdrawal of this crushing element As little material as possible falls through the resulting crusher gap.
- the crushing element with a bridging element before it is withdrawn the bridging element being, for example can be roof-shaped, the kiln to derives the neighboring crusher elements.
- the roller-shaped crushing elements can be conventional Crushing rollers act as they are known for roller crushers. Since the crushed material coming from the furnace is usually not hard and is brittle, as is the usual application of roller crushers corresponds, but dough tough to crumbly, can the crushing elements adapted to the nature of the material to be crushed also be trained differently. For example, they can be smooth be or radially projecting, interlocking spines or have cutting edges.
- roller-shaped Elements from which side they are in the May extend area, together a cross-sectional area cover the entire sub-area of the radiator inlet covers within which with the occurrence of to breaking goods must be expected. If with the occurrence of coarse material, only in part of the total of the good enforced partial cross-section of the radiator inlet shaft must be enough, the rollers in this section to provide. This may be the case when using Rotary tube furnaces, in which the coarse material is preferred on one side falls off. Likewise, this can be the case where through upstream sieves or the like the fines from that too crushing coarse material is separated and only the latter the crusher is forwarded.
- the Gutweg in which the There are crushing elements, for example from the inlet shaft of the cooler can be formed by the area in which the storage facilities of the crushing elements are separated by a partition or shield. This has openings for the axial passage of the crushing elements are of sufficient size. It is not necessary, that these openings are always open in that size are when pushing the crushing elements into the Gutweg or when withdrawing the same is required. Rather you can Filler pieces are provided, which have the opening cross-section during operation to the scope of the crushing element or one of that Close the shaft carrying the crushing element.
- the storage facilities are equipped with facilities for moving in Provide the longitudinal direction of the crushing elements, for example with Rollers and rails. It can be rails or other funding be connected to the rapid removal of a defective one Allow aggregate and the introduction of a replacement aggregate.
- Each comprising a crushing element and a storage device The unit also expediently closes the associated one Drive, consisting of motor and gearbox, so that in In the event of a break in operation of a crushing element, the downtime is not increased by the fact that before withdrawing or after the advancement still special connection work required are.
- the inclination of the crushing elements is expedient adjustable in the horizontal direction, preferably during of operation. On the one hand, this allows a uniform Distribution of the crushed material promoted over the length of the crushing elements and on the other hand the overflow of unbroken goods the ends of the crushing elements can be avoided. This can also an adjustability of the crushing elements in their longitudinal direction be helpful. This can easily be achieved in that the crushing elements protrude more or less far into the Gutweg.
- the crushing elements can also be in their transverse direction be agile.
- this can be used to adjust the crusher gap serve in the sense that different transverse positions the crusher are permanently adjustable. It can also do so serve to temporarily widen the crushing gap to include hard, to let large objects through.
- This extension can be a passive evasive movement due to the crushing resistance the foreign body against a resilient force (spring force, pneumatic etc.) takes place. It can also be actively controlled be. If only a pair of crushing rollers or the outermost Rolls of a roll group are affected, the evasive movement be provided in the horizontal direction. With a between other crushing rollers arranged crushing roller would be the extension of a crushing gap at the expense of the other what is often not permitted. In these cases, the evasive movement be provided vertically.
- the proportion of coarse and oversize grains to be subjected to the breaking effect is relatively low, namely below 10%.
- the vast majority of the material falls through the crushing elements unbroken.
- a relatively low speed of the crushing elements which is generally below 100min -1, preferably below 30min -1 .
- the speed of the crushing rollers is expediently adjustable, preferably independently of one another, so that the crusher operation can be adapted to the respective good properties. It should therefore be possible to increase the speed considerably above the normal speed range, for example up to around 200min -1 .
- the direction of rotation of the rollers is also expediently reversible, because this can influence the distribution of the furnace discharge to the individual crushing rollers and thus also to the width of the cooler bed located underneath.
- FIG. 1 shows a clinker cooler 1 with a cooling grate 2 which the bed 3 of the goods to be cooled moves in the direction of the arrow.
- the cooler is preceded by a rotary kiln 4, the Discharge end in the inlet shaft 5 of the cooler and that Firing material in the area shown on the left in the drawing of the inlet shaft 5 throws off, while in the right, free Area - as indicated by arrows - that flows through the cooler having air flows to the rotary kiln 4 as secondary air.
- the crusher 6 comprises several crushing rollers 7, which together the entire cross section of the drop area of the inlet chute 5 arranged next to each other to fill are, each with a nip 8 left between them is the size of the desired grain size of the Brennguts is determined. Fall when burning cement clinker for example 95% of the firing material with the desired fine grain size under 25mm. Another 5% consist of coarse grain (25-100mm) and oversize (over 100mm) together. The coarse and oversize grain is to break to the desired dimensions while the greater part of the grain can pass through unbroken.
- Each crushing roller 7 is connected to a flange connection 9 Crusher shaft 10 held by a bearing device 11 is overhung, with gear 12 and motor 13 on the Machine frame 14 forms a unitary unit.
- the frame 14 is provided with suitable devices that allow him in the longitudinal direction of the crushing roller 7 on a pair of rails 15 to move, at least so far that the Crushing roller on the one hand the operating position shown in Fig. 2 can take up inside the inlet shaft 5 and on the other hand can be completely withdrawn from on the Stage on which the rails 15 are provided, serviced or to be able to be exchanged.
- the mobility of the unit along the rails 15 gives also the possibility of the longitudinal adjustment of the crushing roller 7 within to determine the inlet area 5 in a suitable manner.
- devices can be provided which allow the inclination of the crushing roller in relation to the horizontal direction to adjust in the direction of arrow 16 to thereby to influence the longitudinal distribution of the material on the crushing roller.
- the direction of rotation of the crushing rollers can be selected in this way, for example are, as indicated by arrows in Fig. 3, whereby three pairs of one crushing gap each enclosing crushing rollers.
- the direction of rotation also be chosen differently, especially around the distribution of the crushed material over the crushing rollers or on the one below Affect radiator bed. Can do the same also a different speed control of the individual Crushing rollers are used.
- the direction of rotation can also be regular change.
- Fig. 4 shows a crushing roller arrangement similar to Fig. 3, at but this on a deeper level and according to the Smaller number of inlet chute available are.
- top row of which is a larger one Roller spacing to break very large pieces, which are then further shredded on the lower level.
- the roller gap can be adapted to changing operating conditions the top row can be adjustable.
- FIG. 6 and 7 illustrate an embodiment in which the crushing rollers from opposite sides into the inlet shaft protrude into it.
- This can be a relatively large Cross-sectional area and width covered with crushing elements whose effective length is only about half to be covered Cross-sectional width corresponds.
- the crushing rollers are from the inside with a liquid or gaseous Coolant acts on it on a beneficial Temperature.
- the crushing rollers heat dissipate from the goods to be cooled by contact and heat conduction.
- the large-scale expansion of the whole the crushing elements is a peculiarity of the invention Solution.
- the resulting effective participation in Radiant heat exchange with the good is therefore an additional one Advantage of the invention.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Anordnung zum Brechen und Kühlen des aus einem Brennofen austretenden Guts, bei der der Brecher im Heißbereich vorzugsweise unmittelbar im Anschluß an den Ofen im Gutweg vor dem Kühler angeordnet ist und lediglich in einen Teil des Querschnitts des Kühlereinlaufschachtes hineinragt, während der andere Teil für den Kühlluftstrom vom Kühler zum Ofen frei ist.The invention relates to an arrangement for breaking and Cooling the material emerging from a kiln, in which the Crushers in the hot area preferably immediately after the furnace is located in the Gutweg in front of the cooler and only protrudes into part of the cross section of the radiator inlet shaft, while the other part for the cooling air flow from the cooler to the oven is free.
Je geringer und gleichmäßiger die Korngröße des Brennguts ist, umso rascher und gleichmäßiger läßt es sich kühlen. Dies wirkt sich günstig auf die Kühlergröße und die Produktqualität aus. Man hat daher schon erwogen, einen Brechen zur Zerkleinerung des Brennguts unmittelbar im Anschluß an den Brennofen dem Kühler vorzuschalten. Dabei werden einerseits rasch laufende, frei von Kühlluft durchströmbare Brecher wie Schlagprallbrecher (DE-A-29 25 665, DE-C-33 23 565, FR-A-2 194 133) und andererseits Backenbrecher (WO-A-92 21 441) der eingangs genannten Art bevorzugt. The smaller and more uniform the grain size of the firing material, the quicker and more evenly it can be cooled. This works favorably on the cooler size and the product quality. One has therefore already considered breaking up for crushing of the kiln immediately after the kiln to the cooler upstream. On the one hand, quickly running, free Crushers through which cooling air can flow, such as impact impact crushers (DE-A-29 25 665, DE-C-33 23 565, FR-A-2 194 133) and on the other hand Jaw crusher (WO-A-92 21 441) of the type mentioned at the beginning is preferred.
Bei einem solchen Backenbrecher tritt das Problem auf, daß die Brecherbacken in besonders intensivem Wärmeaustausch mit dem Gut stehen und daher wartungsintensiver sind, als es die massive Bauweise vermuten läßt. Auch sind sie zur Wartung schwer zugänglich, was insbesondere für die im Kühlereinlaufschacht feststehende Brecherbacke gilt, die nur sehr schwer zugänglich ist. Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, daß zur Wartung des Brechers die gesamte Anlage außer Betrieb genommen werden muß.With such a jaw crusher, the problem arises that the Crusher jaws in particularly intensive heat exchange with the Stand well and are therefore more maintenance-intensive than the massive one Construction suggests. They are also difficult to access for maintenance, what especially for those in the radiator inlet Fixed crusher jaw applies that are very difficult to access is. Another disadvantage is that to maintain the Brechers the entire system must be taken out of operation.
Auch die Zerkleinerung auf Walzen wird erwogen (DE B 27 47 732), ohne daß man erfährt, wie dies im einzelnen zu bewerkstelligen ist. Solche Brechwalzen finden bisher in der Regel nur bei sogenannten Schachtkühlern Anwendung, wie sie z.B. aus der US-A 3 633 889 bekannt sind. Das zu kühlende Gut füllt bei dieser Kühlerbauart einen Schacht, in dem es von unten nach oben von Kühlluft durchströmt ist. Statt auf einem Rost zu ruhen, stützt es sich auf den rostartig angeordneten Brechwalzen ab, die sich durch den gesamten Schacht hindurch von einer Seitenwand zur anderen erstrecken. Die Brechwalzen befinden sich dabei am Ende der Kühlstrecke und kommen dort mit bereits abgekühltem Gut in Berührung. Aufgrund der relativ geringen Betriebstemperaturen stellt sich bei einem derartigen Brecher das Problem der häufigen Wartung nicht. Würde ein solcher Brecher im Heißbereich des Gutes eingesetzt, so wäre er wiederum mit dem Nachteil behaftet, daß er für die Wartung nur schwer zugänglich wäre und mithin bei der Wartung die gesamte Anlage außer Betrieb genommen werden müßte.Crushing on rollers is also considered (DE B 27 47 732) without knowing how this works in detail is to be accomplished. Such crushing rollers are currently in the Usually only for so-called shaft coolers, such as those used e.g. are known from US-A 3 633 889. The good to be cooled fills a shaft in this type of cooler, in which it is from below is flowed through by cooling air. Instead of one To rest rust, it relies on the rust-like arrangement Breaking rollers that run through the entire shaft extend from one side wall to another. The crushing rollers are at the end of the cooling section and come with them already cooled goods in contact. Because of the relatively small Operating temperatures arise at such Crusher does not solve the problem of frequent maintenance. Would be one Crusher used in the hot area of the goods, so it would be again has the disadvantage that it is only for maintenance would be difficult to access and therefore the entire maintenance System would have to be taken out of operation.
In allen Fällen muß damit gerechnet werden, daß ein im heißen Bereich zwischen Ofen und Kühler bei Temperaturen zwischen 1000° und 1500° arbeitender Brecher beträchtliche Wartungsanforderungen stellt, die nur bei Umgebungstemperatur erfüllt werden können und deshalb die Entfernung des Brechers aus dem heißen Bereich verlangen. Diese Forderung ist umso schwerer zu erfüllen, je größer der Brecher ist. Dies würde auf den ersten Blick für die Bevorzugung schnellaufender und entsprechend kleinerer Brecher und gegen langsam arbeitende, schwere Brecherbauarten, wie Backenbrecher und Walzenbrecher sprechen.In all cases it must be expected that one is called Area between furnace and cooler at temperatures between 1000 ° and 1500 ° working crusher considerable maintenance requirements that only meets at ambient temperature can be and therefore the removal of the crusher from the request hot area. This requirement is all the more difficult the bigger the crusher is. This would be at first Look for the preference faster and accordingly smaller crusher and against slow working, heavy crusher types, how jaw crusher and roller crusher speak.
Die Erfindung hat jedoch erkannt, daß das Wartungsproblem sich bei einer Anordnung der eingangs genannten Art besonders leicht lösen läßt durch Einsatz eines Brechers, der in der Art eines Walzenbrechers mehrere walzenförmige Brechelemente umfaßt, sofern diese gemäß der Erfindung außerhalb des Gutwegs fliegend gelagert sind und zurückziehbar in den Gutweg hineinragen.However, the invention has recognized that the maintenance problem arises particularly easy with an arrangement of the type mentioned can be solved by using a crusher that looks like a Roll breaker comprises a plurality of roller-shaped breaking elements, if they fly outside of the good path according to the invention are stored and protrude into the Gutweg.
Diese Anordnung hat zum einen den Vorteil, daß die Lagereinrichtungen als solche der hohen Temperatur des Einsatzbereichs nicht ausgesetzt sind. Infolgedessen ist der Wartungsbedarf an den Lagereinrichtungen geringer und kann die Wartung insoweit auch oftmals ohne Betriebsunterbrechung durchgeführt werden. Sind die Brechelemente selbst wartungsbedürftig, so können sie einfach einzeln samt ihrer Lagereinrichtung zurückgezogen und gewartet oder ersetzt werden. Da der gesamte Brecher aus einer Mehrzahl von walzenförmigen Brechelementen gebildet ist, erleidet dabei nur ein Teil des Brechers eine Betriebsunterbrechung, die deshalb in vielen Fällen tolerabel ist. Außerdem kann durch geeignete Wahl der Drehrichtung derjenigen Brechelemente, die dem zurückgezogenen Brechelement benachbart sind, dafür gesorgt werden, daß durch die durch den Rückzug dieses Brechelements entstehende Brecherlücke möglichst wenig Material durchfällt. Wenn der Durchfall eines Teils von ungebrochenem Brenngut nicht tolerabel ist, besteht auch die Möglichkeit, das zu wartende Brechelement mit einem Überbrückungselement abzudecken, bevor es zurückgezogen wird, wobei das Überbrückungselement, das beispielsweise dachförmig ausgebildet sein kann, das Brenngut zu den benachbarten Brecherelementen ableitet.This arrangement has the advantage that the storage facilities as such the high temperature of the application area are not exposed. As a result, the need for maintenance is on the storage facilities less and the maintenance can so far can also often be carried out without interrupting operations. If the crushing elements themselves require maintenance, they can simply withdrawn individually with their storage facilities and serviced or replaced. Since the entire crusher is made from one A plurality of roller-shaped crushing elements is formed, suffers only part of the crusher is an interruption in operation, which is therefore tolerable in many cases. In addition, by appropriate choice of the direction of rotation of those crushing elements that are adjacent to the retracted crushing element be that through the withdrawal of this crushing element As little material as possible falls through the resulting crusher gap. If the diarrhea of part of unbroken fuel does not is tolerable, there is also the possibility of what is to be maintained Cover the crushing element with a bridging element before it is withdrawn, the bridging element being, for example can be roof-shaped, the kiln to derives the neighboring crusher elements.
Bei den walzenförmigen Brechelementen kann es sich um übliche Brechwalzen handeln, wie sie bei Walzenbrechern bekannt sind. Da das vom Ofen kommende Brechgut in der Regel aber nicht hart und spröde ist, wie dies dem üblichen Einsatzbereich von Walzenbrechern entspricht, sondern teigig zäh bis bröselig, können die Brechelemente in Anpassung an die Eigenart des Brechguts auch anders ausgebildet sein. Sie können beispielsweise glatt sein oder radial vorstehende, ineinander greifende Stacheln oder Schneiden aufweisen.The roller-shaped crushing elements can be conventional Crushing rollers act as they are known for roller crushers. Since the crushed material coming from the furnace is usually not hard and is brittle, as is the usual application of roller crushers corresponds, but dough tough to crumbly, can the crushing elements adapted to the nature of the material to be crushed also be trained differently. For example, they can be smooth be or radially projecting, interlocking spines or have cutting edges.
Wichtig ist im Zusammenhang der Erfindung, daß die walzenförmigen Elemente, von welcher Seite her sie sich auch in den Gutsbereich erstrecken mögen, gemeinsam eine Querschnittsfläche abdecken, die den gesamten Teilbereich, des Kühlereinlaufschachtes abdeckt, innerhalb dessen mit dem Vorkommen von zu brechendem Gut gerechnet werden muß. Wenn mit dem Vorkommen von Grobgut, lediglich in einem Teil des insgesamt vom Gut durchsetzten Teilquerschnitts des Kühlereinlaufschachtes gerechnet werden muß, genügt es, die Walzen in diesem Teilbereich vorzusehen. Dies kann der Fall sein bei der Verwendung von Drehrohröfen, bei denen das Grobgut bevorzugt auf einer Seite abfällt. Desgleichen kann dies der Fall dort sein, wo durch vorgeschaltete Siebe oder dergleichen das Feingut von dem zu brechenden Grobgut getrennt wird und nur letzteres dem Brecher zugeleitet wird. Es gehört daher zum Erfindungsgedanken, daß ein größerer Anteil der Brechelemente auf derjenigen Seite des Kühler-Einlaufschachts angeordnet ist, auf der das zu brechende Überkorn überwiegend anfällt. Der Gutweg, in welchem sich die Brechelemente befinden und der beispielsweise vom Einlaufschacht des Kühlers gebildet sein kann, ist von demjenigen Bereich, in welchem sich die Lagereinrichtungen der Brechelemente befinden, durch eine Trennwand oder Abschirmung getrennt. Diese weist Öffnungen auf, die für den axialen Durchlaß der Brechelemente eine hinreichende Größe aufweisen. Es ist nicht erforderlich, daß diese Öffnungen ständig in derjenigen Größe offen sind, die beim Einschieben der Brechelemente in den Gutweg bzw. beim Zurückziehen derselben erforderlich ist. Vielmehr können Füllstücke vorgesehen sein, die während des Betriebs den Öffnungsquerschnitt zum Umfang des Brechelements oder einer das Brechelement tragenden Welle hin schließen.It is important in the context of the invention that the roller-shaped Elements, from which side they are in the May extend area, together a cross-sectional area cover the entire sub-area of the radiator inlet covers within which with the occurrence of to breaking goods must be expected. If with the occurrence of coarse material, only in part of the total of the good enforced partial cross-section of the radiator inlet shaft must be enough, the rollers in this section to provide. This may be the case when using Rotary tube furnaces, in which the coarse material is preferred on one side falls off. Likewise, this can be the case where through upstream sieves or the like the fines from that too crushing coarse material is separated and only the latter the crusher is forwarded. It is therefore part of the inventive concept that a larger proportion of the crushing elements on that side of the Radiator inlet shaft is arranged on which to be broken Oversized grain mainly arises. The Gutweg in which the There are crushing elements, for example from the inlet shaft of the cooler can be formed by the area in which the storage facilities of the crushing elements are separated by a partition or shield. This has openings for the axial passage of the crushing elements are of sufficient size. It is not necessary, that these openings are always open in that size are when pushing the crushing elements into the Gutweg or when withdrawing the same is required. Rather you can Filler pieces are provided, which have the opening cross-section during operation to the scope of the crushing element or one of that Close the shaft carrying the crushing element.
Die Lagereinrichtungen sind mit Einrichtungen zum Verfahren in Längsrichtung der Brechelemente versehen, beispielsweise mit Rollen und Schienen. Es können Schienen oder andere Fördermittel angeschlossen sein, die die rasche Entfernung eines schadhaften Aggregats und das Heranführen eines Ersatzaggregats ermöglichen. Jedes ein Brechelement und eine Lagereinrichtung umfassende Aggregat schließt zweckmäßigerweise auch den zugehörigen Antrieb, bestehend aus Motor und Getriebe, ein, damit im Falle der Betriebsunterbrechung bei einem Brechelement die Ausfallzeit nicht dadurch vergrößert wird, daß vor dem Zurückziehen bzw. nach dem Vorschieben noch besondere Anschlußarbeiten erforderlich sind.The storage facilities are equipped with facilities for moving in Provide the longitudinal direction of the crushing elements, for example with Rollers and rails. It can be rails or other funding be connected to the rapid removal of a defective one Allow aggregate and the introduction of a replacement aggregate. Each comprising a crushing element and a storage device The unit also expediently closes the associated one Drive, consisting of motor and gearbox, so that in In the event of a break in operation of a crushing element, the downtime is not increased by the fact that before withdrawing or after the advancement still special connection work required are.
Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Neigung der Brechelemente gegenüber der Horizontalrichtung verstellbar, und zwar vorzugsweise während des Betriebs. Dadurch kann einerseits eine gleichmäßige Verteilung des Brechguts auf die Länge der Brechelemente gefördert und andererseits das Überfließen von ungebrochenem Gut an den Enden der Brechelemente vermieden werden. Dazu kann auch eine Verstellbarkeit der Brechelemente in ihrer Längsrichtung dienlich sein. Diese kann leicht dadurch erreicht werden, daß die Brechelemente mehr oder weniger weit in den Gutweg hineinragen.The inclination of the crushing elements is expedient adjustable in the horizontal direction, preferably during of operation. On the one hand, this allows a uniform Distribution of the crushed material promoted over the length of the crushing elements and on the other hand the overflow of unbroken goods the ends of the crushing elements can be avoided. This can also an adjustability of the crushing elements in their longitudinal direction be helpful. This can easily be achieved in that the crushing elements protrude more or less far into the Gutweg.
Schließlich können die Brechelemente auch in ihrer Querrichtung beweglich sein. Dies kann zum einen zur Verstellung des Brecherspalts dienen in dem Sinne, daß unterschiedliche Querpositionen der Brecher fest einstellbar sind. Es kann auch dazu dienen, den Brechspalt vorübergehend zu erweitern, um harte, große Gegenstände durchzulassen. Diese Erweiterung kann eine passive Ausweichbewegung sein, die aufgrund des Brechwiderstand des Fremdkörpers gegen eine nachgiebige Kraft (Federkraft, pneumatisch etc.) stattfindet. Sie kann auch aktiv gesteuert sein. Wenn lediglich ein Brechwalzenpaar oder die äußersten Walzen einer Walzengruppe betroffen sind, kann die Ausweichbewegung in horizontaler Richtung vorgesehen sein. Bei einer zwischen anderen Brechwalzen angeordneten Brechwalze würde die Erweiterung eines Brechspalts zu Lasten des anderen gehen, was oftmals nicht zulässig ist. In diesen Fällen kann die Ausweichbewegung vertikal vorgesehen sein.Finally, the crushing elements can also be in their transverse direction be agile. On the one hand, this can be used to adjust the crusher gap serve in the sense that different transverse positions the crusher are permanently adjustable. It can also do so serve to temporarily widen the crushing gap to include hard, to let large objects through. This extension can be a passive evasive movement due to the crushing resistance the foreign body against a resilient force (spring force, pneumatic etc.) takes place. It can also be actively controlled be. If only a pair of crushing rollers or the outermost Rolls of a roll group are affected, the evasive movement be provided in the horizontal direction. With a between other crushing rollers arranged crushing roller would be the extension of a crushing gap at the expense of the other what is often not permitted. In these cases, the evasive movement be provided vertically.
In der Regel liegt der Anteil des Grob- und Überkorns, das der Brechwirkung zu unterwerfen ist, verhältnismäßig niedrig, nämlich unter 10%. Der weit überwiegende Teil des Guts fällt ungebrochen zwischen den Brechelemente hindurch. Mit Rücksicht auf den Verschleiß der Brechelemente und die Struktur des Brechguts kann man sich daher vorzugsweise mit verhältnismäßig niedriger Drehzahl der Brechelemente begnügen, die in der Regel unter 100min-1 vorzugsweise unter 30min-1 liegt. Zweckmäßigerweise ist aber die Drehzahl der Brechwalzen verstellbar, und zwar vorzugsweise unabhängig voneinander, damit der Brecherbetrieb den jeweiligen Gutseigenschaften angepaßt werden kann. Eine Erhöhung der Drehzahl beträchtlich oberhalb des normalen Drehzahlbereichs, beispielsweise bis etwa 200min-1 sollte deshalb möglich sein. Zweckmäßigerweise ist auch die Drehrichtung der Walzen umkehrbar, weil dadurch die Aufteilung des Ofenabwurfs auf die einzelnen Brechwalzen und damit auch auf die Breite des darunter befindlichen Kühlerbetts beeinflußt werden kann.As a rule, the proportion of coarse and oversize grains to be subjected to the breaking effect is relatively low, namely below 10%. The vast majority of the material falls through the crushing elements unbroken. With regard to the wear of the crushing elements and the structure of the material to be crushed, it is therefore preferable to be satisfied with a relatively low speed of the crushing elements, which is generally below 100min -1, preferably below 30min -1 . However, the speed of the crushing rollers is expediently adjustable, preferably independently of one another, so that the crusher operation can be adapted to the respective good properties. It should therefore be possible to increase the speed considerably above the normal speed range, for example up to around 200min -1 . The direction of rotation of the rollers is also expediently reversible, because this can influence the distribution of the furnace discharge to the individual crushing rollers and thus also to the width of the cooler bed located underneath.
Während es bei anderen Brecherbauarten erwünscht sein kann, die vom Kühler kommende und dem Ofen als Sekundärluft zuzuführende, erhitzte Kühlluft in möglichst hohem Maße durch den Kühler zu führen, ist dies bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Brecher nicht erwünscht, weil es die Gutbewegung durch den Brecher behindern kann. Statt dessen ist vorgesehen, daß die Brechelemente lediglich in einem Teil des Querschnitts des Gutwegs vorgesehen sind, während der andere Teil für den Kühlluftstrom vom Kühler zum Ofen von Brechelementen frei ist.While it may be desirable with other types of crusher, the coming from the cooler and supplied to the furnace as secondary air, heated cooling air as much as possible through the cooler lead, this is the crusher according to the invention not wanted because it hinder the good movement through the crusher can. Instead, it is envisaged that the Crushing elements only in part of the cross-section of the material path are provided while the other part for the cooling air flow from the cooler to the furnace is free of crushing elements.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden näher unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung erläutert, die vorteilhafte Ausführungsbeispiele schematisch veranschaulicht. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- einen Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung,
- Fig. 2
- einen Längsschnitt durch den Brecherbereich in größerem Maßstab,
- Fig. 3, 4 und 5
- Querschnittsdarstellungen unterschiedlicher Brecheranordnung und
- Fig. 6 und 7
- einen Längs- und einen Querschnitt durch eine weitere Ausführungsform.
- Fig. 1
- 2 shows a longitudinal section through an arrangement according to the invention,
- Fig. 2
- a longitudinal section through the crusher area on a larger scale,
- 3, 4 and 5
- Cross-sectional representations of different crusher arrangement and
- 6 and 7
- a longitudinal and a cross section through a further embodiment.
Fig. 1 zeigt einen Klinkerkühler 1 mit einem Kühlrost 2, auf
dem sich das Bett 3 des zu kühlenden Guts in Pfeilrichtung bewegt.
Dem Kühler ist ein Drehrohrofen 4 vorgeschaltet, dessen
Abwurfende im Einlaufschacht 5 des Kühlers mündet und das
Brenngut in dem in der Zeichnung links dargestellten Bereich
des Einlaufschachts 5 abwirft, während in dem rechten, freien
Bereich - wie durch Pfeile angedeutet - die den Kühler durchströmt
habende Luft als Sekundärluft dem Drehrohrofen 4 zuströmt. 1 shows a clinker cooler 1 with a
In demjenigen Bereich des Einlaufschachts 5, in welchem das Gut
abgeworfen wird, befindet sich der allgemein mit 6 bezeichnete
Brecher.In the area of the
Wie man Fig. 2 entnimmt, umfaßt der Brecher 6 mehrere Brechwalzen
7, die gemeinsam den gesamten Querschnitt des Abwurfbereichs
des Einlaufschachts 5 ausfüllend nebeneinander angeordnet
sind, wobei jeweils ein Walzenspalt 8 zwischen ihnen freigelassen
ist, dessen Größe durch die gewünschte Korngröße des
Brennguts bestimmt ist. Beim Brennen von Zementklinker fallen
beispielsweise 95% des Brennguts mit der gewünschten Feinkörnigkeit
unter 25mm an. Weitere 5% setzen sich aus Grobkorn (25-100mm)
und Überkorn (über 100mm) zusammen. Das Grob- und Überkorn
ist auf die gewünschten Abmessungen zu brechen, während
der größere Teil des Korn ungebrochen passieren kann.As can be seen in Fig. 2, the
Jede Brechwalze 7 ist über eine Flanschverbindung 9 an einer
Brecherwelle 10 gehalten, die von einer Lagereinrichtung 11
fliegend gelagert ist, die mit Getriebe 12 und Motor 13 auf dem
Maschinenrahmen 14 ein einheitliches Aggregat bildet. Der Rahmen
14 ist mit geeigneten Einrichtungen versehen, die es gestatten,
ihn in Längsrichtung der Brechwalze 7 auf einem Schienenpaar
15 zu verschieben, und zwar mindestens so weit, daß die
Brechwalze einerseits die in Fig. 2 dargestellte Betriebsstellung
innerhalb des Einlaufschachts 5 einnehmen kann und andererseits
völlig daraus zurückgezogen werden kann, um auf der
Bühne, auf der die Schienen 15 vorgesehen sind, gewartet oder
ausgetauscht werden zu können.Each crushing
Die Verfahrbarkeit des Aggregats längs der Schienen 15 gibt
auch die Möglichkeit, die Längseinstellung der Brechwalze 7 innerhalb
des Einlaufbereichs 5 in geeigneter Weise zu bestimmen.
Zusätzlich können Vorrichtungen vorgesehen sein, die es gestatten,
die Neigung der Brechwalze gegenüber der Horizontalrichtung
im Sinne des Pfeils 16 zu verstellen, um dadurch
die Längsverteilung des Guts auf der Brechwalze zu beeinflussen.The mobility of the unit along the
Die Drehrichtung der Brechwalzen kann beispielsweise so gewählt werden, wie dies in Fig. 3 durch Pfeile angedeutet wird, wodurch sich drei Paare von jeweils einen Brechspalt miteinander einschließenden Brechwalzen bilden. Jedoch kann die Drehrichtung auch anders gewählt werden, insbesondere um die Verteilung des Brechguts über den Brechwalzen oder auf dem darunter befindlichen Kühlerbett zu beeinflussen. Zu demselben Zweck kann auch eine unterschiedliche Drehzahlsteuerung der einzelnen Brechwalzen eingesetzt werden. Auch kann die Drehrichtung regelmäßig gewechselt werden.The direction of rotation of the crushing rollers can be selected in this way, for example are, as indicated by arrows in Fig. 3, whereby three pairs of one crushing gap each enclosing crushing rollers. However, the direction of rotation also be chosen differently, especially around the distribution of the crushed material over the crushing rollers or on the one below Affect radiator bed. Can do the same also a different speed control of the individual Crushing rollers are used. The direction of rotation can also be regular change.
Fig. 4 zeigt eine der Fig. 3 ähnliche Brechwalzenanordnung, bei der diese aber auf einer tieferen Ebene und entsprechend der Verengung des Einlaufschachts in geringerer Anzahl vorhanden sind.Fig. 4 shows a crushing roller arrangement similar to Fig. 3, at but this on a deeper level and according to the Smaller number of inlet chute available are.
Gemäß Fig. 5 sind zwei übereinander angeordnete Reihen von Brechwalzen vorgesehen, von denen die obere Reihe einen größeren Walzenabstand aufweist, um sehr große Stücke vorzubrechen, die dann auf der unteren Ebene weiter zerkleinert werden. Zur Anpassung an wechselnde Betriebsbedingungen kann der Walzenabstand der oberen Reihe verstellbar sein.5 are two rows of Crushing rollers provided, the top row of which is a larger one Roller spacing to break very large pieces, which are then further shredded on the lower level. For The roller gap can be adapted to changing operating conditions the top row can be adjustable.
Fig. 6 und 7 veranschaulichen eine Ausführungsform, bei welcher die Brechwalzen von entgegengesetzten Seiten her in den Einlaufschacht hineinragen. Dadurch kann eine verhältnismäßig große Querschnittsfläche und -breite mit Brechelementen abgedeckt werden, deren wirksame Länge nur etwa der halben abzudeckenden Querschnittsbreite entspricht.6 and 7 illustrate an embodiment in which the crushing rollers from opposite sides into the inlet shaft protrude into it. This can be a relatively large Cross-sectional area and width covered with crushing elements whose effective length is only about half to be covered Cross-sectional width corresponds.
Die Brechwalzen sind von innen mit einem flüssigen oder gasförmigen Kühlmedium beaufschlagt, das sie auf einer zuträglichen Temperatur hält. Das hat zur Folge, daß die Brechwalzen Wärme von dem zu kühlenden Gut durch Kontakt und Wärmeleitung abführen. Darüber hinaus findet auch Wärmeabfuhr durch Strahlungswärmeaustausch statt, da die Walzen oberhalb des Anfangsbereichs des Gutbetts 3 eine vergleichsweise große Fläche niedrigerer Temperatur bilden. Die großflächige Ausdehnung der Gesamtheit der Brechelemente ist eine Eigenart der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung. Die davon herrührende, wirksame Teilnahme am Strahlungswärmeaustausch mit dem Gut ist daher ein zusätzlicher Vorteil der Erfindung.The crushing rollers are from the inside with a liquid or gaseous Coolant acts on it on a beneficial Temperature. As a result, the crushing rollers heat dissipate from the goods to be cooled by contact and heat conduction. In addition, there is also heat dissipation through radiant heat exchange instead because the rollers are above the start area the compost bed 3 a comparatively large area lower Form temperature. The large-scale expansion of the whole the crushing elements is a peculiarity of the invention Solution. The resulting effective participation in Radiant heat exchange with the good is therefore an additional one Advantage of the invention.
Claims (9)
- Arrangement for crushing and cooling of material passing out of a firing oven (4) where the crusher (6) is arranged preferably in the hot area directly behind the oven in the material path in front of the cooler (1) and only protrudes into a part of the cross section of the cooler inlet duct, whereas the other part is open for the cooling air flow from the cooler (1) to the oven (4), characterized by a crusher equipped with roller-type crushing elements (7) reaching into the material path (5) and being withdrawable from the material path due to the overhung mounting on movable bearing units (11).
- Arrangement acc. to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing units (11) and the corresponding crushing elements (7) can be moved individually in longitudinal direction.
- Arrangement acc. to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inclination (16) of the crushing elements (7) can be adjusted relative to the horizontal position, preferably during operation.
- Arrangement acc. to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the crushing elements (7) can be fixed in different longitudial adjustments.
- Arrangement acc. to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that when using a rotary tube kiln (4), a larger number of crushing elements (7) is arranged on the that side of the cooler inlet duct (5) where the oversized grains mainly accumulate.
- Arrangement acc. to one of clams 1 to 5, characterized in that the speed of the crushing elements (7) is mainly below 30 min-1.
- Arrangement acc. to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the speed of the crushing elements can be adjusted independently for each individual element, if required.
- Arrangement acc. to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the direction of rotation of the crushing elements (7) is adjustable.
- Arrangement acc. to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that one or more crushing elements is / are adjustable in transverse direction
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE9304122U DE9304122U1 (en) | 1993-03-19 | 1993-03-19 | Arrangement for breaking and cooling the material emerging from a kiln |
| DE9304122U | 1993-03-19 | ||
| PCT/EP1994/000855 WO1994021381A1 (en) | 1993-03-19 | 1994-03-18 | Device for crushing and cooling a material leaving a burning oven |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0640015A1 EP0640015A1 (en) | 1995-03-01 |
| EP0640015B1 true EP0640015B1 (en) | 1998-05-20 |
Family
ID=6890899
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94911190A Expired - Lifetime EP0640015B1 (en) | 1993-03-19 | 1994-03-18 | Device for crushing and cooling a material leaving a burning oven |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5580005A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0640015B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH08500769A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE166253T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE9304122U1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0640015T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2117786T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1994021381A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013113865A1 (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-06-11 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Bulk cooler and method for cooling bulk material |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0919641A (en) * | 1995-07-04 | 1997-01-21 | Satake Eng Co Ltd | Flour mill |
| DE19805137A1 (en) * | 1998-02-09 | 1999-08-12 | Krupp Polysius Ag | Roller mill |
| DE29808963U1 (en) * | 1998-05-20 | 1998-10-01 | Krupp Fördertechnik GmbH, 45143 Essen | Device for preventing the formation of blockages at the discharge of rust due to large pieces of material |
| AU2005232302B2 (en) * | 2005-02-14 | 2011-08-18 | Konami Australia Pty Ltd | Gaming Machine with runs of symbols |
| DE102006005017B3 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2007-10-18 | ThyssenKrupp Fördertechnik GmbH | More roll crusher |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2539775A (en) * | 1947-06-07 | 1951-01-30 | Comb Eng Superheater Inc | Quick opening cage mill |
| DE926338C (en) * | 1950-11-26 | 1955-04-14 | Alfred Steuber | Housing for roller chairs |
| DE928138C (en) * | 1953-02-01 | 1955-05-26 | Heinrich Griesel | Ointment mill |
| DE1057417B (en) * | 1956-10-02 | 1959-05-14 | Dampferzeuger Veb | Beater mill |
| US3633889A (en) * | 1970-01-21 | 1972-01-11 | Walter & Cie Ag | Cooling arrangement for the product of rotary furnaces |
| DE2747732C3 (en) * | 1977-06-10 | 1982-04-22 | Taškentskij naučno-issledovatel'skij i proektnyj institut stroitel'nych materialov NIISTROMPROEKT, Taškent | Process for the production of cement |
| US4630781A (en) * | 1984-07-11 | 1986-12-23 | T.J. Gundlach Machine Company | Apparatus and method for removing crushing rolls from a crushing apparatus |
| DE3738755A1 (en) * | 1987-10-29 | 1989-06-01 | Didier Eng | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR WARMING SLABS, BLOCKS, STICKS, SHEETS, STEEL TAPES AND THE LIKE HEAT MATERIAL |
| DE4124878A1 (en) * | 1991-06-05 | 1992-12-10 | Peters Ag Claudius | CRUSHER ARRANGEMENT IN A CLINKER COOLER |
-
1993
- 1993-03-19 DE DE9304122U patent/DE9304122U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-03-18 ES ES94911190T patent/ES2117786T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-18 US US08/335,887 patent/US5580005A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-03-18 JP JP6520656A patent/JPH08500769A/en active Pending
- 1994-03-18 WO PCT/EP1994/000855 patent/WO1994021381A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-03-18 AT AT94911190T patent/ATE166253T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-03-18 EP EP94911190A patent/EP0640015B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-18 DE DE59405994T patent/DE59405994D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-03-18 DK DK94911190T patent/DK0640015T3/en active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013113865A1 (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-06-11 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Bulk cooler and method for cooling bulk material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1994021381A1 (en) | 1994-09-29 |
| US5580005A (en) | 1996-12-03 |
| DK0640015T3 (en) | 1999-03-08 |
| EP0640015A1 (en) | 1995-03-01 |
| ATE166253T1 (en) | 1998-06-15 |
| DE59405994D1 (en) | 1998-06-25 |
| ES2117786T3 (en) | 1998-08-16 |
| JPH08500769A (en) | 1996-01-30 |
| DE9304122U1 (en) | 1994-07-28 |
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