EP0618047A1 - Mounting device for connection pins in frame elements and connection pins therefore - Google Patents

Mounting device for connection pins in frame elements and connection pins therefore Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0618047A1
EP0618047A1 EP94420091A EP94420091A EP0618047A1 EP 0618047 A1 EP0618047 A1 EP 0618047A1 EP 94420091 A EP94420091 A EP 94420091A EP 94420091 A EP94420091 A EP 94420091A EP 0618047 A1 EP0618047 A1 EP 0618047A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
hollow rod
head
bore
mounting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94420091A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0618047B1 (en
Inventor
Hubert Bouillon
Jean-Claude Saint Gerand
Jacques Favreau
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Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
Original Assignee
Potain SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/28—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels
    • B66C23/283—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels with frameworks composed of assembled elements
    • B66C23/286—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels with frameworks composed of assembled elements with locking devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/02—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same
    • B25B27/026—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same fluid driven
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/02—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same
    • B25B27/04—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same inserting or withdrawing keys

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device intended to facilitate the mounting and dismounting of axes which ensure the connection between structural elements, in particular elements of a metallic framework.
  • This invention finds in particular, but not exclusively, its application in the assembly and disassembly of the connecting axes of the mast elements constituting the vertical liftable tower of tower cranes used on construction sites of buildings and public works.
  • the tower of such a crane is generally made up of superimposable elements, called to be frequently assembled together and separated from each other; these elements are designed, as regards the choice of their length, to facilitate the transport of the crane in the disassembled state and to allow adaptation of the height of the crane to its conditions of use on construction sites.
  • the mast elements generally of square horizontal section, each consist of four corner members (or uprights) joined in pairs by a triangulation, also called bracing, composed of diagonals and crosspieces.
  • a triangulation also called bracing
  • the mast elements are arranged vertically one above the other, and they are rigidly connected to each other by their corner members.
  • the assembly device comprises an internal splice and two external splints on the lower upright, two reinforcements internal and two external reinforcements on the upper upright, and two orthogonal connecting axes, offset from each other in the vertical direction.
  • the assembly device comprises an internal section splice transverse substantially in accordance with the hollow internal section of the members and orthogonal axes of connection of the internal splint with at least one of the two members to be assembled.
  • the mounting of the connecting axes on the site is facilitated by the fact that said axes each have two cylindrical parts of distinct diameters but little different from each other, connected by an intermediate zone of progressive diameter.
  • experience shows that the establishment of the connecting axes must be completed using a mass, as well as the beginning of their disassembly.
  • the document EP-A-0484930 effectively relates to a device for mounting connecting pins carrying out the assembly of the mast elements of a tower crane.
  • this known device uses a manual screw jack, actuated manually using a flywheel, and it therefore does not constitute a motorized device capable of replacing human force.
  • the present invention overcomes the drawbacks set out above, by providing a device intended to facilitate the mounting and dismounting of the axes which ensure the connection between structural elements, in particular metal, in particular tower crane mast elements, this device using an external energy source.
  • a device for mounting and dismounting connecting pins for frame members comprising a jack body, capable of bearing by its front end open on a frame member, a set of pistons slidably mounted in an axial direction inside the jack body which delimit several chambers receiving a hydraulic or pneumatic fluid, a chuck with jaws, axially movable, for clamping one end of a connecting pin to be assembled or dismantled, control means of tightening / loosening of the mandrel as well as of traction and axial displacement of this mandrel in one direction or the other, and of the power supply and control means, this device being characterized in that the jack body is produced in three parts: a tubular front cylinder body part receiving a front piston comprising a head receiving the mandrel at its periphery, slidingly mounted inside said part, and a hollow rod oriented towards the rear, a part of rear cylinder body also of tubular shape receiving a rear piston fixedly connected to the
  • a connecting sheath containing hydraulic or pneumatic hoses and an electric supply cable terminates at the rear of the jack body, a bellows being preferably mounted at the rear of the jack body and letting the connecting sheath pass through. , and this cylinder body externally carrying at least one control handle.
  • the device according to the invention is thus presented as a portable tool, conveniently handy, connected to an external source of energy such as a group hydraulic.
  • an external source of energy such as a group hydraulic.
  • the division into three parts of the cylinder body of this device facilitates its manufacture.
  • the mandrel comprises a sleeve screwed onto the head of the front piston, tilting jaws disposed inside the sleeve and a frustoconical seat screwed onto the front end of the central piston rod and taking support on a projecting part of the inside of the jaws.
  • the screw connections allow easy replacement of the complete mandrel, in particular to adapt the device according to the invention as a function of the diameter of the connecting pins to be assembled or disassembled.
  • the front jack body defines, with the front piston and the partition, a first chamber of annular section, while the interior of the hollow rod of said front piston forms, with the piston central and part of the bore of the hollow rod of the rear piston, a second chamber of annular section, which communicates with the first chamber through holes drilled through the wall of the hollow rod.
  • the rear cylinder body defines, with the head of the rear piston, the hollow rod of the front piston and the partition, a third chamber of annular section, while the bore of the hollow rod of the rear piston forms, with the head of the central piston and the plug, a fourth chamber of circular section.
  • the invention also relates, as such, to a connecting pin for structural elements specially intended for use with the mounting device defined above.
  • such a connecting axis comprises a body in two coaxial cylindrical parts of different diameters but little different from each other, connected by an intermediate zone of progressive diameter, the end situated on the side of the part of larger diameter comprising a head formed by an extended base projecting from a short stud, while the other end is formed by a frustoconical portion extended by a long stud.
  • the end parts of the short and long nipples are identical and conform to the internal profile of the jaws of the mandrel. These nipples can be made in one piece with the rest of the axis, or be attached, for example by screwing, to the two ends of the axis, in which case the device according to the invention is preferably suitable for screwing / unscrewing said nipples.
  • the device according to the invention is particularly suitable for assembling and disassembling the connecting axes of the mast elements constituting the liftable vertical tower of tower cranes used on construction sites of buildings and public works.
  • This device meets two objectives: safety and ease of assembly / disassembly of the connecting pins, in particular connecting pins shaped as just indicated.
  • the device 1 also comprises a control handle 10 and two pins 11, 12 fixed respectively to the upper front part and to the upper rear part of the front cylinder body 6 and rear 7, for attaching a strap (not shown) for carrying said device 1.
  • Other pins 13, arranged internally towards the rear of the rear jack body 7, ensure the attachment of a net, not shown, also called “sock", used to retain the connecting sheath 4 in the event of an incident.
  • the front cylinder 6 and rear cylinder 7 bodies are assembled together by flanges 14 and 15 centered respectively on shoulders 16 and 17 formed in the partition 8 and joined by means of screws 18; annular seals 19 and 20 provide sealing at the shoulders 16 and 17.
  • annular seals 41, 42, 43, 44 and 45 are disposed respectively on the head 22 of the front piston 21, on the head 26 of the rear piston 25, on the head 33 of the central piston 32, in the bore 24 of the partition 8 and in the bore 35 of the head 22 of the front piston 21.
  • the front cylinder body 6 defines, with the front piston 21 and the partition 8, a first chamber 46 of annular section, while the interior of the hollow rod 23 of said front piston 21 forms, with the central piston 32 and a part of the bore 28 of the hollow rod 27 of the rear piston 25, a second chamber 47 of annular section, which communicates with the first through orifices 48 drilled radially through the wall of the hollow rod 23.
  • the rear jack body 7 defines, with the head 26 of the rear piston 25, the hollow rod 23 of the front piston 21 and the partition 8, a third chamber 49 of annular section, while the bore 28 of the hollow rod 27 of the rear piston 25 forms, with the head 33 of the central piston 32 and the plug 29, a fourth and last chamber 50 of circular section.
  • the first and second chambers 46 and 47 are supplied by a first hydraulic hose from the connecting sheath 4 through an orifice 51 drilled axially in the wall of the rod hollow 27 of the rear piston 25 and emerging inside the second chamber 47, the third chamber 49 is supplied by a second hydraulic hose through an orifice 52 also drilled axially in the wall of the hollow rod 27 of the rear piston 25, while the fourth chamber 50 is supplied by a third hose through a orifice 53 drilled axially in the plug 29 closing the bore 28 of the rear piston 25.
  • the distribution, operating sequence and safety functions are provided by the interface block 3.
  • the device 1 thus described is used to assemble and disassemble connecting pins 54 as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the connecting axis 54 has a body 55 having two coaxial cylindrical parts 56, 57 of distinct diameters but little different from each other, connected by a short intermediate zone 58 of progressive diameter.
  • the end of the axis 54 situated on the side of the part 56 of larger diameter comprises a head 59 formed by a base 60 extended in projection by a short stud 61.
  • the other end 62 is formed by a frustoconical part 63, with a diametrical bore 64 intended to receive a pin not shown for immobilizing the axis, extended by a long stud 65.
  • the shape of the end of the short 61 and long 65 pins is identical and adapted to the jaws 38 of the clamping mandrel 36 of the device 1 according to the invention.
  • the long stud 65 is used during the positioning of the connecting pins 54 and the short stud 61 when removing these same connecting pins 54.
  • the assembly device performs the end-to-end assembly of the frames 66, 67 of hollow section belonging to two elements 68, 69 of metal frame such as two mast elements constituting the vertical tower which can be raised by a tower crane, shown on Figure 15.
  • this assembly device essentially comprises an internal splice 70 of cross section substantially conforming to the hollow internal section of the members 66,67, which is fixed on site on one at least two members 66,67 to be assembled by means of two connecting pins 54 with two diameters, as described above, mounted orthogonal to one another and offset in position relative to each other in the longitudinal direction of the internal splint 70, therefore in the vertical direction.
  • Each connecting axis 54 passes through a corresponding bore 71 of the splint 70, as well as bores made in the members 66,67.
  • FIGS. 5 to 9 The establishment of a connecting pin 54 using the device 1 according to the invention is illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 9.
  • the connecting pin 54 is first partially introduced into the corresponding bore 71 manually and the device 1 according to the invention is brought to the side opposite to the head 59 of said connecting pin 54 in the extension of that -ci, the front end of the front cylinder body 6 being applied against a face of the frame 66.
  • the device 1 is brought to the side of the head 59 of the connecting axis 54 in the extension thereof, the front end of the front cylinder body 6 being applied against a face of the frame 66, on the side opposite to the one previously used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)
  • Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Abstract

The device is intended to ease the fitting and removal of pins which provide the connection of framework (structural) elements, particularly metal ones. This device comprises a three-part thrust cylinder body (6,7,8) designed to bear via its open front end on one framework element. The thrust cylinder body contains a chuck (36), which can move axially, with jaws (38) for gripping one end of a connection pin to be fitted or removed, and means for controlling the closing/opening of the chuck (36) as well as for pulling and axially moving this chuck in one direction or the other, it being possible for these means to be produced in the form of a set of three pistons (21,25,32) delimiting four chambers (46,47,49,50), means (4) being provided for supplying energy. Application to the assembly of the tower elements of a slewing tower crane. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif destiné à faciliter le montage et le démontage d'axes qui assurent la liaison entre des éléments de charpente, notamment des éléments d'une charpente métallique. Cette invention trouve notamment, mais non exclusivement, son application dans le montage et le démontage des axes de liaison des éléments de mât constituant la tour verticale réhaussable des grues à tour utilisées sur les chantiers de construction de bâtiments et de travaux publics.The present invention relates to a device intended to facilitate the mounting and dismounting of axes which ensure the connection between structural elements, in particular elements of a metallic framework. This invention finds in particular, but not exclusively, its application in the assembly and disassembly of the connecting axes of the mast elements constituting the vertical liftable tower of tower cranes used on construction sites of buildings and public works.

La tour d'une telle grue est généralement constituée d'éléments superposables, appelés à être fréquemment assemblés entre eux et séparés les uns des autres ; ces éléments sont conçus, en ce qui concerne le choix de leur longueur, pour faciliter le transport de la grue à l'état démonté et pour permettre l'adaptation de la hauteur de la grue à ses conditions d'utilisation sur les chantiers.The tower of such a crane is generally made up of superimposable elements, called to be frequently assembled together and separated from each other; these elements are designed, as regards the choice of their length, to facilitate the transport of the crane in the disassembled state and to allow adaptation of the height of the crane to its conditions of use on construction sites.

Les éléments de mât, généralement de section horizontale carrée, sont constitués chacun par quatre membrures d'angle (ou montants) réunies deux à deux par une triangulation, appelée aussi contreventement, composée de diagonales et de traverses. En service, les éléments de mât sont disposés verticalement les uns au-dessus des autres, et ils sont reliés rigidement les uns aux autres par leurs membrures d'angle.The mast elements, generally of square horizontal section, each consist of four corner members (or uprights) joined in pairs by a triangulation, also called bracing, composed of diagonals and crosspieces. In service, the mast elements are arranged vertically one above the other, and they are rigidly connected to each other by their corner members.

Les liaisons "bout à bout" réalisées entre ces membrures d'angle doivent assurer la continuité des montants de la tour verticale et la transmission des efforts longitudinaux et tranversaux provenant des sollicitations produites par la partie supérieure de la grue.The "end to end" connections made between these corner members must ensure the continuity of the uprights of the vertical tower and the transmission of the longitudinal and transverse forces coming from the stresses produced by the upper part of the crane.

Parmi les dispositifs d'assemblage démontable connus à ce jour, dans le domaine d'application ici considéré, il est courant d'utiliser des éclisses et des broches ou axes de liaison.Among the dismountable assembly devices known to date, in the field of application considered here, it is common to use fishplates and pins or connecting pins.

Selon un premier type, adapté aux profils de membrures ouverts tels que profils en cornière et décrit par exemple dans le brevet français FR-A-2185217, le dispositif d'assemblage comprend une éclisse intérieure et deux éclisses extérieures sur le montant inférieur, deux renforts intérieurs et deux renforts extérieurs sur le montant supérieur, et deux axes de liaison orthogonaux, décalés l'un par rapport à l'autre dans le sens vertical.According to a first type, adapted to the profiles of open members such as angle profiles and described for example in French patent FR-A-2185217, the assembly device comprises an internal splice and two external splints on the lower upright, two reinforcements internal and two external reinforcements on the upper upright, and two orthogonal connecting axes, offset from each other in the vertical direction.

La mise en place des axes de liaison se fait manuellement et il est fréquent de devoir utiliser une masse pour les introduire complètement dans les alésages destinés à les recevoir.The establishment of the connecting pins is done manually and it is frequent to have to use a mass to introduce them completely in the bores intended to receive them.

Lors du démontage, les axes de liaison sous l'effet de la corrosion ou d'autres phénomènes chimiques peuvent être bloqués par grippage et il faut alors exercer avec la masse des chocs importants sur la tête des axes pour les faire sortir des alésages. Ces chocs importants peuvent entraîner des détériorations irréversibles des pièces assemblées ou l'éjection brutale des axes qui représente un danger pour l'entourage en cas de chute. Dans ces conditions, il est souvent nécessaire de traiter les axes superficiellement pour éviter leur corrosion et donc leur grippage, et faciliter ainsi leur montage et surtout leur démontage.During disassembly, the connecting pins under the effect of corrosion or other chemical phenomena can be blocked by seizing and it is then necessary to exert with the mass of significant shocks on the head of the axes to make them come out of the bores. These major shocks can lead to irreversible deterioration of the assembled parts or the sudden ejection of the pins, which represents a danger for those around them in the event of a fall. Under these conditions, it is often necessary to treat the axes superficially to avoid their corrosion and therefore their seizure, and thus facilitate their assembly and especially their disassembly.

Selon un deuxième type, adapté aux profils de membrures de section creuse et décrit par exemple dans la demande de brevet français FR-A-2680813 (ou son équivalent EP-A-0530114), le dispositif d'assemblage comprend une éclisse intérieure de section transversale sensiblement conforme à la section intérieure creuse des membrures et des axes orthogonaux de liaison de l'éclisse intérieure avec au moins l'une des deux membrures à assembler.According to a second type, adapted to the profiles of hollow section members and described for example in French patent application FR-A-2680813 (or its equivalent EP-A-0530114), the assembly device comprises an internal section splice transverse substantially in accordance with the hollow internal section of the members and orthogonal axes of connection of the internal splint with at least one of the two members to be assembled.

Suivant cette réalisation le montage des axes de liaison sur le chantier est facilité par le fait que lesdits axes possèdent chacun deux parties cylindriques de diamètres distincts mais peu différents l'un de l'autre, raccordées par une zone intermédiaire de diamètre progressif. Néanmoins, l'expérience prouve que la mise en place des axes de liaison doit être terminée à l'aide d'une masse, de même que le début de leur démontage.According to this embodiment, the mounting of the connecting axes on the site is facilitated by the fact that said axes each have two cylindrical parts of distinct diameters but little different from each other, connected by an intermediate zone of progressive diameter. However, experience shows that the establishment of the connecting axes must be completed using a mass, as well as the beginning of their disassembly.

Les documents FR-A-2384594, CH-A-477957 et WO-A-9004492 décrivent divers appareils extracteurs, qui comportent des moyens de serrage de l'objet à extraire, et qui fonctionnent à la manière d'un vérin avec un ensemble de pistons. Toutefois, ces appareils possèdent une structure distincte de celle du dispositif de la présente invention, et ils ne sont pas destinés au même domaine d'application.The documents FR-A-2384594, CH-A-477957 and WO-A-9004492 describe various extracting apparatuses, which include means for clamping the object to be extracted, and which operate in the manner of a jack with an assembly pistons. However, these devices have a structure distinct from that of the device of the present invention, and they are not intended for the same field of application.

Le document EP-A-0484930 concerne effectivement un dispositif pour le montage d'axes de liaison réalisant l'assemblage des éléments de mât d'une grue à tour. Toutefois ce dispositif connu utilise un vérin manuel à vis, actionné manuellement à l'aide d'un volant, et il ne constitue donc pas un dispositif motorisé, propre à se substituer à la force humaine.The document EP-A-0484930 effectively relates to a device for mounting connecting pins carrying out the assembly of the mast elements of a tower crane. However, this known device uses a manual screw jack, actuated manually using a flywheel, and it therefore does not constitute a motorized device capable of replacing human force.

La présente invention remédie aux inconvénients exposés ci-dessus, en fournissant un dispositif destiné à faciliter le montage et le démontage des axes qui assurent la liaison entre des éléments de charpente notamment métallique, en particulier des éléments de mât de grue à tour, ce dispositif utilisant une source d'énergie extérieure.The present invention overcomes the drawbacks set out above, by providing a device intended to facilitate the mounting and dismounting of the axes which ensure the connection between structural elements, in particular metal, in particular tower crane mast elements, this device using an external energy source.

A cet effet, elle a pour objet un dispositif de montage et de démontage d'axes de liaison pour éléments de charpente, comprenant un corps de vérin, apte à prendre appui par son extrémité avant ouverte sur un élément de charpente, un ensemble de pistons montés coulissants en direction axiale à l'intérieur du corps de vérin qui délimitent plusieurs chambres recevant un fluide hydraulique ou pneumatique, un mandrin avec mors, mobile axialement, de serrage d'une extrémité d'un axe de liaison à monter ou à démonter, des moyens de commande de serrage/desserrage du mandrin ainsi que de traction et de déplacement axial de ce mandrin dans un sens ou dans l'autre, et des moyens d'alimentation en énergie et de commande, ce dispositif étant caractérisé en ce que le corps de vérin est réalisé en trois parties : une partie de corps de vérin avant de forme tubulaire recevant un piston avant comprenant une tête recevant à sa périphérie le mandrin, montée coulissante à l'intérieur de ladite partie, et une tige creuse orientée vers l'arrière, une partie de corps de vérin arrière de forme également tubulaire recevant un piston arrière relié fixement à la tige creuse du piston avant, comprenant une tête montée coulissante à l'intérieur de ladite partie et une tige creuse orientée vers l'arrière dont la section intérieure forme un alésage fermé à l'arrière par un bouchon, et une cloison de séparation étanche entre les parties du corps de vérin avant et arrière comportant en son centre un alésage au travers duquel est montée coulissante la tige creuse reliant le piston arrière au piston avant dont la partie intérieure renferme un piston central comprenant une tête montée coulissante à l'intérieur de l'alésage de la tige creuse du piston arrière et une tige orientée vers l'avant montée coulissante au travers d'un alésage ménagé au centre de la tête du piston avant, la tige agissant sur les mors du mandrin.To this end, it relates to a device for mounting and dismounting connecting pins for frame members, comprising a jack body, capable of bearing by its front end open on a frame member, a set of pistons slidably mounted in an axial direction inside the jack body which delimit several chambers receiving a hydraulic or pneumatic fluid, a chuck with jaws, axially movable, for clamping one end of a connecting pin to be assembled or dismantled, control means of tightening / loosening of the mandrel as well as of traction and axial displacement of this mandrel in one direction or the other, and of the power supply and control means, this device being characterized in that the jack body is produced in three parts: a tubular front cylinder body part receiving a front piston comprising a head receiving the mandrel at its periphery, slidingly mounted inside said part, and a hollow rod oriented towards the rear, a part of rear cylinder body also of tubular shape receiving a rear piston fixedly connected to the hollow rod of the front piston, comprising a head mounted sliding inside said part and a hollow rod oriented towards the rear, the internal section of which forms a bore closed at the rear by a plug, and a watertight partition between the parts of the front and rear cylinder body having in its center a bore at the through which is slidably mounted the hollow rod connecting the rear piston to the front piston, the inner part of which contains a central piston comprising a head mounted sliding inside the bore of the hollow rod of the rear piston and a rod oriented towards the before slidingly mounted through a bore formed in the center of the head of the front piston, the rod acting on the jaws of the mandrel.

Avantageusement, une gaine de liaison contenant des flexibles hydrauliques ou pneumatiques et un câble électrique d'alimentation aboutit à l'arrière du corps de vérin, un soufflet étant de préférence monté à l'arrière du corps de vérin et laissant passer la gaine de liaison, et ce corps de vérin portant extérieurement au moins une poignée de commande.Advantageously, a connecting sheath containing hydraulic or pneumatic hoses and an electric supply cable terminates at the rear of the jack body, a bellows being preferably mounted at the rear of the jack body and letting the connecting sheath pass through. , and this cylinder body externally carrying at least one control handle.

Le dispositif selon l'invention se présente ainsi comme un outillage portatif, commodément maniable, relié à une source d'énergie extérieure telle qu'un groupe hydraulique. La division en trois parties du corps de vérin de ce dispositif en facilite la fabrication.The device according to the invention is thus presented as a portable tool, conveniently handy, connected to an external source of energy such as a group hydraulic. The division into three parts of the cylinder body of this device facilitates its manufacture.

Selon une autre caractéristique, le mandrin comprend une douille vissée sur la tête du piston avant, des mors basculants disposés à l'intérieur de la douille et un siège de forme tronconique vissé sur l'extrémité avant de la tige du piston central et prenant appui sur une partie en saillie de l'intérieur des mors. Les assemblages par vissage permettent un remplacement aisé du mandrin complet, notamment pour adapter le dispositif selon l'invention en fonction du diamètre des axes de liaison à monter ou à démonter.According to another characteristic, the mandrel comprises a sleeve screwed onto the head of the front piston, tilting jaws disposed inside the sleeve and a frustoconical seat screwed onto the front end of the central piston rod and taking support on a projecting part of the inside of the jaws. The screw connections allow easy replacement of the complete mandrel, in particular to adapt the device according to the invention as a function of the diameter of the connecting pins to be assembled or disassembled.

Suivant une forme de réalisation préférée de l'invention, le corps de vérin avant délimite , avec le piston avant et la cloison, une première chambre de section annulaire, tandis que l'intérieur de la tige creuse dudit piston avant forme, avec le piston central et une partie de l'alésage de la tige creuse du piston arrière, une deuxième chambre de section annulaire, qui communique avec la première chambre par des orifices percés à travers la paroi de la tige creuse.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the front jack body defines, with the front piston and the partition, a first chamber of annular section, while the interior of the hollow rod of said front piston forms, with the piston central and part of the bore of the hollow rod of the rear piston, a second chamber of annular section, which communicates with the first chamber through holes drilled through the wall of the hollow rod.

De plus, le corps de vérin arrière délimite, avec la tête du piston arrière, la tige creuse du piston avant et la cloison, une troisième chambre de section annulaire, tandis que l'alésage de la tige creuse du piston arrière forme, avec la tête du piston central et le bouchon, une quatrième chambre de section circulaire.In addition, the rear cylinder body defines, with the head of the rear piston, the hollow rod of the front piston and the partition, a third chamber of annular section, while the bore of the hollow rod of the rear piston forms, with the head of the central piston and the plug, a fourth chamber of circular section.

L'invention a aussi pour objet, en tant que tel, un axe de liaison pour éléments de charpente spécialement destiné à être utilisé avec le dispositif de montage défini précédemment.The invention also relates, as such, to a connecting pin for structural elements specially intended for use with the mounting device defined above.

Selon l'invention, un tel axe de liaison comprend un corps en deux parties cylindriques coaxiales de diamètres distincts mais peu différents l'un de l'autre, raccordées par une zone intermédiaire de diamètre progressif, l'extrémité située du côté de la partie de plus grand diamètre comportant une tête formée d'une embase prolongée en saillie par un téton court, tandis que l'autre extrémité est- formée d'une partie tronconique prolongée par un téton long.According to the invention, such a connecting axis comprises a body in two coaxial cylindrical parts of different diameters but little different from each other, connected by an intermediate zone of progressive diameter, the end situated on the side of the part of larger diameter comprising a head formed by an extended base projecting from a short stud, while the other end is formed by a frustoconical portion extended by a long stud.

Les parties extrêmes des tétons court et long sont identiques et conformées au profil intérieur des mors du mandrin. Ces tétons peuvent être réalisés d'une seule pièce avec le restant de l'axe, ou être rapportés, par exemple par vissage, aux deux extrémités de l'axe, auquel cas le dispositif selon l'invention est de préférence adapté pour le vissage/dévissage desdits tétons.The end parts of the short and long nipples are identical and conform to the internal profile of the jaws of the mandrel. These nipples can be made in one piece with the rest of the axis, or be attached, for example by screwing, to the two ends of the axis, in which case the device according to the invention is preferably suitable for screwing / unscrewing said nipples.

Le dispositif selon l'invention est particulièrement adapté au montage et au démontage des axes de liaison des éléments de mât constituant la tour verticale réhaussable des grues à tour utilisées sur les chantiers de construction de bâtiments et de travaux publics. Ce dispositif répond à la fois à deux objectifs : la sécurité et la facilité du travail de montage/démontage des axes de liaison, notamment des axes de liaison conformés comme il vient d'être indiqué.The device according to the invention is particularly suitable for assembling and disassembling the connecting axes of the mast elements constituting the liftable vertical tower of tower cranes used on construction sites of buildings and public works. This device meets two objectives: safety and ease of assembly / disassembly of the connecting pins, in particular connecting pins shaped as just indicated.

De toute façon, l'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui suit, en référence au dessin schématique annexé représentant, à titre d'exemples, des formes de réalisation de ce dispositif de montage et de démontage d'axes de liaison pour éléments de charpente, et de l'axe de liaison adapté à ce dispositif :

  • Figure 1 est une vue d'ensemble en perspective du dispositif selon l'invention avec son groupe d'alimentation ;
  • Figure 2 est une vue axonométrique avec coupe partielle du dispositif seul ;
  • Figure 3 est une vue en coupe longitudinale du dispositif ;
  • Figure 4 montre un mode de réalisation d'un axe de liaison adapté à ce dispositif ;
  • Figure 5 à 9 illustrent les différentes phases d'utilisation du dispositif selon l'invention pour le montage des axes de liaison ;
  • Figures 10 à 14 illustrent les différentes phases d'utilisation du dispositif selon l'invention pour le démontage des axes de liaison ;
  • Figure 15 montre une application du dispositif au montage des axes de liaison des éléments de mât d'une grue à tour ;
  • Figure 16 montre, à échelle agrandie, un détail de la figure 15 avec indication des axes de liaison concernés.
In any case, the invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows, with reference to the appended diagrammatic drawing representing, by way of examples, embodiments of this device for mounting and dismounting axes of connection for structural elements, and the connection axis adapted to this device:
  • Figure 1 is an overall perspective view of the device according to the invention with its power unit;
  • Figure 2 is an axonometric view with partial section of the device alone;
  • Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the device;
  • Figure 4 shows an embodiment of a connecting axis adapted to this device;
  • Figure 5 to 9 illustrate the different phases of use of the device according to the invention for mounting the connecting pins;
  • Figures 10 to 14 illustrate the different phases of use of the device according to the invention for dismantling the connecting pins;
  • Figure 15 shows an application of the device to the mounting of the connecting axes of the mast elements of a tower crane;
  • Figure 16 shows, on an enlarged scale, a detail of Figure 15 with indication of the connecting axes concerned.

L'ensemble montré à la figure 1 comprend :

  • un dispositif 1 de montage d'axes de liaison pour éléments de charpente selon l'invention,
  • un groupe hydraulique 2 raccordé au dispositif 1 par l'intermédiaire d'un bloc d'interface 3, et de flexibles hydrauliques et d'un câble électrique contenus dans une gaine de liaison 4, et
  • une alimentation électrique 5 aboutissant au groupe hydraulique 2.
The assembly shown in Figure 1 includes:
  • a device 1 for mounting connecting pins for structural elements according to the invention,
  • a hydraulic unit 2 connected to the device 1 via an interface block 3, and hydraulic hoses and an electric cable contained in a connection sheath 4, and
  • an electrical supply 5 leading to the hydraulic unit 2.

L'enveloppe du dispositif 1 représenté à la figure 2 comprend :

  • un corps de vérin avant 6 de forme tubulaire, ouvert à son extrémité avant,
  • un corps de vérin arrière 7 de forme également tubulaire, centré sur le corps de vérin avant 6 par l'intermédiaire d'une cloison 8 de séparation étanche entre les corps de vérin 6 et 7, et
  • un soufflet 9 élastique serti sur la partie arrière du corps de vérin arrière 7 et serré de façon étanche autour de la gaine de liaison 4 qui le traverse.
The envelope of the device 1 shown in FIG. 2 comprises:
  • a front jack body 6 of tubular shape, open at its front end,
  • a rear cylinder body 7 also of tubular shape, centered on the front cylinder body 6 by means of a partition 8 of sealed separation between the cylinder bodies 6 and 7, and
  • an elastic bellows 9 crimped onto the rear part of the rear jack body 7 and tightly tightened around the connecting sheath 4 which passes through it.

Extérieurement le dispositif 1 comprend encore une poignée 10 de commande et deux pitons 11,12 fixés respectivement à la partie supérieure avant et à la partie supérieure arrière des corps de vérin avant 6 et arrière 7, pour la fixation d'une bretelle (non représentée) de portage dudit dispositif 1. D'autres pitons 13, disposés intérieurement vers l'arrière du corps de vérin arrière 7, assurent l'accrochage d'un filet non représenté, aussi appelé "chaussette", servant à retenir la gaine de liaison 4 en cas d'incident.Externally, the device 1 also comprises a control handle 10 and two pins 11, 12 fixed respectively to the upper front part and to the upper rear part of the front cylinder body 6 and rear 7, for attaching a strap (not shown) for carrying said device 1. Other pins 13, arranged internally towards the rear of the rear jack body 7, ensure the attachment of a net, not shown, also called "sock", used to retain the connecting sheath 4 in the event of an incident.

Les corps de vérin avant 6 et arrière 7 sont assemblés entre eux par des brides 14 et 15 centrées respectivement sur des épaulements 16 et 17 ménagés dans la cloison 8 et réunies par l'intermédiaire de vis 18 ; des joints annulaires 19 et 20 assurent l'étanchéité au niveau des épaulements 16 et 17.The front cylinder 6 and rear cylinder 7 bodies are assembled together by flanges 14 and 15 centered respectively on shoulders 16 and 17 formed in the partition 8 and joined by means of screws 18; annular seals 19 and 20 provide sealing at the shoulders 16 and 17.

Comme montré en détail à la figure 3, l'enveloppe du dispositif 1 renferme :

  • un piston avant 21, comprenant une tête 22 coulissant à l'intérieur du corps de vérin avant 6 et une tige creuse 23 orientée vers l'arrière et coulissant au travers d'un alésage 24 usiné au centre de la cloison 8 ;
  • un piston arrière 25 relié fixement à la tige creuse 23 du piston avant 21, comprenant une tête 26 coulissant à l'intérieur du corps de vérin arrière 7 et une tige creuse 27 orientée vers l'arrière dont la section intérieure forme un alésage 28 fermé à l'arrière par un bouchon 29 fixé au moyen de vis et possédant un épaulement de centrage 30, un joint annulaire 31 assurant l'étanchéité au niveau de l'épaulement 30 ;
  • un piston central 32, comprenant une tête 33 coulissant à l'intérieur de l'alésage 28 de la tige creuse 27 du piston arrière 25, et une tige 34 orientée vers l'avant et coulissant au travers d'un alésage 35 usiné au centre de la tête 22 du piston avant 21 ; et
  • un mandrin 36, comprenant une douille 37 vissée sur la périphérie de la tête 22 du piston avant 21, des mors basculants 38 disposés à l'intérieur de la douille 37 et un siège 39 de forme tronconique vissé sur l'extrémité de la tige 34 du piston central 32 et prenant appui sur une partie en saillie 40 de l'intérieur des mors 38.
As shown in detail in FIG. 3, the envelope of the device 1 contains:
  • a front piston 21, comprising a head 22 sliding inside the front jack body 6 and a hollow rod 23 oriented towards the rear and sliding through a bore 24 machined in the center of the partition 8;
  • a rear piston 25 fixedly connected to the hollow rod 23 of the front piston 21, comprising a head 26 sliding inside the rear cylinder body 7 and a hollow rod 27 oriented towards the rear, the internal section of which forms a closed bore 28 at the rear by a plug 29 fixed by means of screws and having a centering shoulder 30, an annular seal 31 ensuring sealing at the level of the shoulder 30;
  • a central piston 32, comprising a head 33 sliding inside the bore 28 of the hollow rod 27 of the rear piston 25, and a rod 34 oriented towards the front and sliding through a bore 35 machined in the center the head 22 of the front piston 21; and
  • a mandrel 36, comprising a socket 37 screwed onto the periphery of the head 22 of the front piston 21, tilting jaws 38 disposed inside the socket 37 and a seat 39 of frustoconical shape screwed onto the end of the rod 34 of the central piston 32 and bearing on a projecting part 40 from the inside of the jaws 38.

Pour assurer l'étanchéité fonctionnelle, des joints annulaires 41,42,43,44 et 45 sont disposés respectivement sur la tête 22 du piston avant 21, sur la tête 26 du piston arrière 25, sur la tête 33 du piston central 32, dans l'alésage 24 de la cloison 8 et dans l'alésage 35 de la tête 22 du piston avant 21.To ensure functional sealing, annular seals 41, 42, 43, 44 and 45 are disposed respectively on the head 22 of the front piston 21, on the head 26 of the rear piston 25, on the head 33 of the central piston 32, in the bore 24 of the partition 8 and in the bore 35 of the head 22 of the front piston 21.

Le corps de vérin avant 6 délimite, avec le piston avant 21 et la cloison 8, une première chambre 46 de section annulaire, tandis que l'intérieur de la tige creuse 23 dudit piston avant 21 forme, avec le piston central 32 et une partie de l'alésage 28 de la tige creuse 27 du piston arrière 25, une deuxième chambre 47 de section annulaire, qui communique avec la première par des orifices 48 percés radialement à travers la paroi de la tige creuse 23.The front cylinder body 6 defines, with the front piston 21 and the partition 8, a first chamber 46 of annular section, while the interior of the hollow rod 23 of said front piston 21 forms, with the central piston 32 and a part of the bore 28 of the hollow rod 27 of the rear piston 25, a second chamber 47 of annular section, which communicates with the first through orifices 48 drilled radially through the wall of the hollow rod 23.

Le corps de vérin arrière 7 délimite, avec la tête 26 du piston arrière 25, la tige creuse 23 du piston avant 21 et la cloison 8, une troisième chambre 49 de section annulaire, tandis que l'alésage 28 de la tige creuse 27 du piston arrière 25 forme, avec la tête 33 du piston central 32 et le bouchon 29, une quatrième et dernière chambre 50 de section circulaire.The rear jack body 7 defines, with the head 26 of the rear piston 25, the hollow rod 23 of the front piston 21 and the partition 8, a third chamber 49 of annular section, while the bore 28 of the hollow rod 27 of the rear piston 25 forms, with the head 33 of the central piston 32 and the plug 29, a fourth and last chamber 50 of circular section.

A partir du groupe hydraulique 2 et du bloc d'interface 3, les première et deuxième chambres 46 et 47 sont alimentées par un premier flexible hydraulique de la gaine de liaison 4 au travers d'un orifice 51 percé axialement dans la paroi de la tige creuse 27 du piston arrière 25 et débouchant à l'intérieur de la deuxième chambre 47, la troisième chambre 49 est alimentée par un deuxième flexible hydraulique au travers d'un orifice 52 percé aussi axialement dans la paroi de la tige creuse 27 du piston arrière 25, tandis que la quatrième chambre 50 est alimentée par un troisième flexible au travers d'un orifice 53 percé axialement dans le bouchon 29 obturant l'alésage 28 du piston arrière 25.From the hydraulic unit 2 and the interface block 3, the first and second chambers 46 and 47 are supplied by a first hydraulic hose from the connecting sheath 4 through an orifice 51 drilled axially in the wall of the rod hollow 27 of the rear piston 25 and emerging inside the second chamber 47, the third chamber 49 is supplied by a second hydraulic hose through an orifice 52 also drilled axially in the wall of the hollow rod 27 of the rear piston 25, while the fourth chamber 50 is supplied by a third hose through a orifice 53 drilled axially in the plug 29 closing the bore 28 of the rear piston 25.

Les fonctions de distributions, de séquences opératoires et de sécurité sont assurées par le bloc d'interface 3.The distribution, operating sequence and safety functions are provided by the interface block 3.

Le dispositif 1 ainsi décrit sert à monter et démonter des axes de liaison 54 tels que représentés à la figure 4.The device 1 thus described is used to assemble and disassemble connecting pins 54 as shown in FIG. 4.

L'axe de liaison 54 possède un corps 55 ayant deux parties cylindriques coaxiales 56,57 de diamètres distincts mais peu différents l'un de l'autre, raccordées par une courte zone intermédiaire 58 de diamètre progressif. L'extrémité de l'axe 54 située du côté de la partie 56 de plus grand diamètre comporte une tête 59 formée d'une embase 60 prolongée en saillie par un téton court 61. L'autre extrémité 62 est formée d'une partie tronconique 63, avec un perçage diamétral 64 destiné à recevoir une goupille non représentée pour l'immobilisation de l'axe, prolongée par un téton long 65.The connecting axis 54 has a body 55 having two coaxial cylindrical parts 56, 57 of distinct diameters but little different from each other, connected by a short intermediate zone 58 of progressive diameter. The end of the axis 54 situated on the side of the part 56 of larger diameter comprises a head 59 formed by a base 60 extended in projection by a short stud 61. The other end 62 is formed by a frustoconical part 63, with a diametrical bore 64 intended to receive a pin not shown for immobilizing the axis, extended by a long stud 65.

La forme de l'extrémité des tétons court 61 et long 65 est identique et adaptée aux mors 38 du mandrin de serrage 36 du dispositif 1 selon l'invention. Comme décrit plus en détail dans la suite, le téton long 65 sert lors de la mise en place des axes de liaison 54 et le téton court 61 lors du retrait de ces mêmes axes de liaison 54.The shape of the end of the short 61 and long 65 pins is identical and adapted to the jaws 38 of the clamping mandrel 36 of the device 1 according to the invention. As described in more detail below, the long stud 65 is used during the positioning of the connecting pins 54 and the short stud 61 when removing these same connecting pins 54.

Pour illustrer le fonctionnement du dispositif 1 selon l'invention, en considèrera ci-après le montage et le démontage de l'axe à deux diamètres défini dans le dispositif d'assemblage démontable pour éléments de charpente métallique décrit dans la demande de brevet français FR-A-2680813 et montré aux figures 15 et 16.To illustrate the operation of the device 1 according to the invention, below will consider the assembly and disassembly of the axis with two diameters defined in the removable assembly device for structural steel elements described in the French patent application FR -A-2680813 and shown in Figures 15 and 16.

Le dispositif d'assemblage réalise l'assemblage bout à bout des membrures 66,67 de section creuse appartenant à deux éléments 68,69 de charpente métallique tels que deux éléments de mât constituant la tour verticale réhaussable d'une grue à tour, représentés sur la figure 15. Comme le montre plus particulièrement la figure 16, ce dispositif d'assemblage comprend essentiellement une éclisse intérieure 70 de section transversale sensiblement conforme à la section intérieure creuse des membrures 66,67, qui est fixée sur le chantier sur l'une au moins des deux membrures 66,67 à assembler au moyen de deux axes de liaison 54 à deux diamètres, tels que décrits précédemment, montés orthogonaux l'un à l'autre et décalés en position l'un par rapport à l'autre dans la direction longitudinale de l'éclisse intérieure 70, donc dans la direction verticale. Chaque axe de liaison 54 traverse un alésage correspondant 71 de l'éclisse 70, ainsi que des alésages ménagés dans les membrures 66,67.The assembly device performs the end-to-end assembly of the frames 66, 67 of hollow section belonging to two elements 68, 69 of metal frame such as two mast elements constituting the vertical tower which can be raised by a tower crane, shown on Figure 15. As shown more particularly in Figure 16, this assembly device essentially comprises an internal splice 70 of cross section substantially conforming to the hollow internal section of the members 66,67, which is fixed on site on one at least two members 66,67 to be assembled by means of two connecting pins 54 with two diameters, as described above, mounted orthogonal to one another and offset in position relative to each other in the longitudinal direction of the internal splint 70, therefore in the vertical direction. Each connecting axis 54 passes through a corresponding bore 71 of the splint 70, as well as bores made in the members 66,67.

La mise en place d'un axe de liaison 54 à l'aide du dispositif 1 selon l'invention est illustrée aux figures 5 à 9.The establishment of a connecting pin 54 using the device 1 according to the invention is illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 9.

On introduit d'abord partiellement l'axe de liaison 54 dans l'alésage 71 correspondant de façon manuelle et l'on amène le dispositif 1 selon l'invention du côté opposé à la tête 59 dudit axe de liaison 54 dans le prolongement de celui-ci, l'extrémité avant du corps de vérin avant 6 étant appliquée contre une face de la membrure 66.The connecting pin 54 is first partially introduced into the corresponding bore 71 manually and the device 1 according to the invention is brought to the side opposite to the head 59 of said connecting pin 54 in the extension of that -ci, the front end of the front cylinder body 6 being applied against a face of the frame 66.

Les séquences de fonctionnement sont alors les suivantes :

  • Engagement des mors 38 du mandrin 36 sur le téton long 65 de l'axe de liaison 54, le piston avant 21 occupant initialement sa position avancée - voir figure 5.
  • Serrage des mors 38 sur le téton 65 en alimentant la chambre 50 - voir figure 6.
  • Traction de l'axe de liaison 54 en alimentant simultanément les chambres 49 et 50, de manière à provoquer le recul des pistons 21 et 25 tout en maintenant le serrage des mors 38 sur le téton 65 - voir figure 7.
  • Dégagement du dispositif 1, l'éloignant de la membrure 66, en alimentant les chambres 46 et 47 pour provoquer le recul de l'enveloppe du dispositif 1 par rapport au piston 21 - voir figure 8.
  • Desserrage des mors 38, libérant le téton 65, en alimentant la chambre 47, alors que la chambre 46 n'augmente plus de volume du fait que la tête 26 du piston arrière 25 est en butée avant contre la cloison 8 - voir figure 9.
The operating sequences are then as follows:
  • Engagement of the jaws 38 of the mandrel 36 on the long stud 65 of the connecting axis 54, the front piston 21 initially occupying its advanced position - see FIG. 5.
  • Clamping of the jaws 38 on the stud 65 while supplying the chamber 50 - see FIG. 6.
  • Traction of the connecting pin 54 by simultaneously supplying the chambers 49 and 50, so as to cause the pistons 21 and 25 to recede while maintaining the clamping of the jaws 38 on the stud 65 - see FIG. 7.
  • Release of the device 1, moving it away from the frame 66, by supplying the chambers 46 and 47 to cause the envelope of the device 1 to recede relative to the piston 21 - see FIG. 8.
  • Loosening of the jaws 38, releasing the stud 65, by supplying the chamber 47, while the chamber 46 no longer increases in volume because the head 26 of the rear piston 25 is in front abutment against the partition 8 - see FIG. 9.

Le retrait d'un axe de liaison 54 à l'aide du dispositif 1 selon l'invention est illustré aux figures 10 à 14, et s'effectue de manière analogue.The withdrawal of a connecting pin 54 using the device 1 according to the invention is illustrated in Figures 10 to 14, and is carried out in a similar manner.

On amène le dispositif 1 du côté de la tête 59 de l'axe de liaison 54 dans le prolongement de celui-ci, l'extrémité avant du corps de vérin avant 6 étant appliquée contre une face de la membrure 66, du côté opposé à celui précédemment utilisé.The device 1 is brought to the side of the head 59 of the connecting axis 54 in the extension thereof, the front end of the front cylinder body 6 being applied against a face of the frame 66, on the side opposite to the one previously used.

Les séquences de fonctionnement sont alors les suivantes :

  • Engagement des mors 38 du mandrin 36 sur le téton court 61 de l'axe de liaison 54 - voir figure 10.
  • Serrage des mors 38 sur le téton 61 en alimentant la chambre 50 - voir figure 11.
  • Traction de l'axe de liaison 54 en alimentant les chambres 49 et 50 - voir figure 12.
  • Dégagement du dispositif 1 en alimentant les chambres 46 et 47 - voir figure 13.
  • Desserrage des mors 38, libérant le téton 61, en alimentant la chambre 47 - voir figure 14.
    L'on ne s'éloignerait pas du cadre de l'invention :
  • en modifiant les formes de détail des pistons et leur assemblage ;
  • en modifiant le système d'alimentation des différentes chambres ;
  • en remplaçant l'énergie hydraulique par l'énergie pneumatique pour l'alimentation du vérin ;
  • en intégrant les fonctions de sécurité dans le dispositif proprement dit ;
  • en adaptant le dispositif au montage et au démontage d'axes de liaison de diamètres différents, et de forme quelconque, applicables à toute structure métallique ou non, ce qui peut être notamment obtenu par un mandrin interchangeable ;
  • en ce qui concerne les axes de liaison, en prévoyant des tétons amovibles, rapportés aux extrémités de ces axes par exemple par vissage, auquel cas le dispositif selon l'invention est de préférence adapté pour assurer aussi le vissage/dévissage desdits tétons, un vissage/dévissage manuel des tétons restant cependant envisageable.
The operating sequences are then as follows:
  • Engagement of the jaws 38 of the mandrel 36 on the short stud 61 of the connecting axis 54 - see FIG. 10.
  • Clamping of the jaws 38 on the stud 61 by supplying the chamber 50 - see FIG. 11.
  • Traction of the connecting pin 54 by supplying the chambers 49 and 50 - see Figure 12.
  • Release of device 1 by supplying chambers 46 and 47 - see Figure 13.
  • Loosening the jaws 38, releasing the stud 61, by supplying the chamber 47 - see FIG. 14.
    We would not depart from the scope of the invention:
  • by modifying the detail forms of the pistons and their assembly;
  • by modifying the supply system of the different rooms;
  • replacing hydraulic power with pneumatic power to power the cylinder;
  • integrating the security functions into the device itself;
  • by adapting the device to the mounting and dismounting of connecting pins of different diameters, and of any shape, applicable to any metallic structure or not, which can in particular be obtained by an interchangeable mandrel;
  • as regards the connecting pins, by providing removable pins, attached to the ends of these axes for example by screwing, in which case the device according to the invention is preferably adapted to also ensure the screwing / unscrewing of said pins, a screwing / manual unscrewing of the nipples however remaining possible.

Claims (8)

Dispositif de montage et de démontage d'axes de liaison (54) pour éléments de charpente (68,69), notamment de charpente métallique, comprenant un corps de vérin (6,7,8) apte à prendre appui par son extrémité avant ouverte sur un élément de charpente (68,69), un ensemble de pistons (21,25,32) montés coulissants en direction axiale à l'intérieur du corps de vérin (6,7,8) qui délimitent plusieurs chambres (46,47,49,50) recevant un fluide hydraulique ou pneumatique, un mandrin (36) avec mors (38), mobile axialement, de serrage d'une extrémité (61,65) d'un axe de liaison (54) à monter ou à démonter, des moyens de commande (21 à 35) de serrage/desserrage du mandrin (36) ainsi que de traction et de déplacement axial de ce mandrin (36) dans un sens ou dans l'autre, et des moyens d'alimentation en énergie et de commande (2 à 5), caractérisé en ce que le corps de vérin (6,7,8) est réalisé en trois parties : une partie de corps de vérin avant (6) de forme tubulaire recevant un piston avant (21) comprenant une tête (22) recevant à sa périphérie le mandrin (36), montée coulissante à l'intérieur de ladite partie (6), et une tige creuse (23) orientée vers l'arrière, une partie de corps de vérin arrière (7) de forme également tubulaire recevant un piston arrière (25) relié fixement à la tige creuse (23) du piston avant (21), comprenant une tête (26) montée coulissante à l'intérieur de ladite partie (7) et une tige creuse (27) orientée vers l'arrière dont la section intérieure forme un alésage (28) fermé à l'arrière par un bouchon (29), et une cloison (8) de séparation étanche entre les parties du corps de vérin avant (6) et arrière (7) comportant en son centre un alésage (24) au travers duquel est montée coulissante la tige creuse (23) reliant le piston arrière (25) au piston avant (21) dont la partie intérieure renferme un piston central (32) comprenant une tête (33) montée coulissante à l'intérieur de l'alésage (28) de la tige creuse (27) du piston arrière (25) et une tige (34) orientée vers l'avant montée coulissante au travers d'un alésage (35) ménagé au centre de la tête (22) du piston avant (21), la tige (34) agissant sur les mors (38) du mandrin (36).Device for mounting and dismounting connecting pins (54) for structural elements (68,69), in particular of metallic framework, comprising a jack body (6,7,8) capable of bearing by its open front end on a structural element (68,69), a set of pistons (21,25,32) mounted to slide in an axial direction inside the cylinder body (6,7,8) which delimit several chambers (46,47 , 49.50) receiving a hydraulic or pneumatic fluid, a mandrel (36) with jaws (38), axially movable, for clamping one end (61,65) of a connecting pin (54) to be mounted or disassemble, control means (21 to 35) for tightening / loosening the mandrel (36) as well as for pulling and axial displacement of this mandrel (36) in one direction or the other, and means for supplying power and control (2 to 5), characterized in that the cylinder body (6,7,8) is made in three parts: a front cylinder body part (6) of tubular shape r receiving a front piston (21) comprising a head (22) receiving at its periphery the mandrel (36), slidably mounted inside said part (6), and a hollow rod (23) oriented towards the rear, a rear cylinder body part (7) also tubular in shape receiving a rear piston (25) fixedly connected to the hollow rod (23) of the front piston (21), comprising a head (26) slidably mounted inside said part (7) and a hollow rod (27) oriented towards the rear, the internal section of which forms a bore (28) closed at the rear by a plug (29), and a partition (8) for watertight separation between the parts of the front (6) and rear (7) jack body having at its center a bore (24) through which the hollow rod (23) is slidably mounted connecting the rear piston (25) to the front piston (21), the part of which inner contains a central piston (32) comprising a head (33) slidably mounted inside the bore (28) of the hollow rod (27) of the rear piston (25) and a rod (34) oriented forward slidingly mounted through a bore (35) formed in the center of the head (22) of the front piston (21), the rod (34) acting on the jaws (38) of the mandrel (36). Dispositif de montage d'axes de liaison pour éléments de charpente notamment métallique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le mandrin (36) comprend une douille (37) vissée sur la tête (22) du piston avant (21), des mors basculants (38) disposés à l'intérieur de la douille (37) et un siège (39) de forme tronconique vissé sur l'extrémité avant de la tige (34) du piston central (32) et prenant appui sur une partie en saillie (40) de l'intérieur des mors (38).Device for mounting connecting pins for framing elements, in particular metal, according to claim 1, characterized in that the mandrel (36) comprises a sleeve (37) screwed onto the head (22) of the front piston (21), jaws tilting (38) arranged inside the bushing (37) and a frustoconical seat (39) screwed onto the front end of the rod (34) of the central piston (32) and bearing on a projecting part (40) from inside the jaws (38). Dispositif de montage d'axes de liaison pour éléments de charpente notamment métallique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le corps de vérin avant (6) délimite, avec le piston avant (21) et la cloison (8), une première chambre (46) de section annulaire, tandis que l'intérieur de la tige creuse (23) dudit piston avant (21) forme, avec le piston central (32) et une partie de l'alésage (28) de la tige creuse (27) du piston arrière (25), une deuxième chambre (47) de section annulaire, qui communique avec la première chambre (46) par des orifices (48) percés à travers la paroi de la tige creuse (23).Device for mounting connecting pins for framing elements, in particular metal, according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the front jack body (6) defines, with the front piston (21) and the partition (8), a first chamber (46) of annular cross section, while the interior of the hollow rod (23) of said front piston (21) forms, with the central piston (32) and part of the bore (28) of the hollow rod (27) of the rear piston (25), a second chamber (47) of annular section, which communicates with the first chamber (46) through orifices (48) drilled through the wall of the hollow rod (23). Dispositif de montage d'axes de liaison pour éléments de charpente notamment métallique selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le corps de vérin arrière (7) délimite, avec la tête (26) du piston arrière (25), la tige creuse (23) du piston avant (21) et la cloison (8), une troisième chambre (49) de section annulaire, tandis que l'alésage (28) de la tige creuse (27) du piston arrière (25) forme, avec la tête (33) du piston central (32) et le bouchon (29), une quatrième chambre (50) de section circulaire.Device for mounting connecting pins for framing elements, in particular metal, according to claim 3, characterized in that the rear jack body (7) defines, with the head (26) of the rear piston (25), the hollow rod ( 23) of the front piston (21) and the partition (8), a third chamber (49) of annular section, while the bore (28) of the hollow rod (27) of the rear piston (25) forms, with the head (33) of the central piston (32) and the plug (29), a fourth chamber (50) of circular section. Dispositif de montage d'axes de liaison pour éléments de charpente notamment métallique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à- 4, caractérisé en ce qu'une gaine de liaison (4) contenant des flexibles hydrauliques ou pneumatiques et un câble électrique d'alimentation aboutit à l'arrière du corps de vérin (6,7,8), un soufflet (9) étant de préférence monté à l'arrière du corps de vérin (6,7,8) et laissant passer la gaine de liaison (4), et ce corps de vérin (6,7,8) portant extérieurement au moins une poignée de commande (10).Device for mounting connecting pins for structural elements, in particular metallic, according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a connecting sheath (4) containing hydraulic or pneumatic hoses and an electric cable for supply ends at the rear of the cylinder body (6,7,8), a bellows (9) being preferably mounted at the rear of the cylinder body (6,7,8) and letting the connection sheath ( 4), and this jack body (6,7,8) externally carrying at least one control handle (10). Dispositif de montage d'axes de liaison pour éléments de charpente notamment métallique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il est appliqué au montage et au démontage des axes de liaison (54) réalisant l'assemblage des éléments de mât (68,69) constituant la tour verticale réhaussable d'une grue à tour.Device for mounting connecting pins for structural elements, in particular metallic, according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is applied to the mounting and dismounting of the connecting pins (54) carrying out the assembly of the mast elements (68,69) constituting the raising vertical tower of a tower crane. Axe de liaison (54) pour éléments de charpente (68,69) destiné à être utilisé avec le dispositif de montage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un corps (55) en deux parties cylindriques coaxiales (56,57) de diamètres distincts mais peu différents l'un de l'autre, raccordées par une zone intermédiaire (58) de diamètre progressif, l'extrémité située du côté de la partie de plus grand diamètre (56) comportant une tête (59) formée d'une embase (60) prolongée en saillie par un téton court (61), tandis que l'autre extrémité (62) est formée d'une partie tronconique (63) prolongée par un téton long (65).Connecting pin (54) for structural members (68,69) intended to be used with the mounting device according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises a body (55) in two parts coaxial cylindrical (56,57) of distinct diameters but little different from each other, connected by an intermediate zone (58) of progressive diameter, the end situated on the side of the part of larger diameter (56) comprising a head (59) formed by a base (60) extended projecting by a short stud (61), while the other end (62) is formed by a frustoconical part (63) extended by a long stud (65 ). Axe de liaison pour éléments de charpente selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les tétons (61,65) sont rapportés, par exemple par vissage, aux deux extrémités de l'axe (54), le dispositif de montage (1) étant de préférence adapté pour le vissage/dévissage desdits tétons (61,65).Connecting axis for structural elements according to claim 7, characterized in that the pins (61,65) are attached, for example by screwing, to the two ends of the axis (54), the mounting device (1) being preferably suitable for screwing / unscrewing said pins (61,65).
EP94420091A 1993-03-30 1994-03-21 Mounting device for connection pins in frame elements and connection pins therefore Expired - Lifetime EP0618047B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9303944 1993-03-30
FR9303944A FR2703389B1 (en) 1993-03-30 1993-03-30 Device for mounting connecting pins for structural members, and connecting pin adapted to this device.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0618047A1 true EP0618047A1 (en) 1994-10-05
EP0618047B1 EP0618047B1 (en) 1996-01-10

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EP94420091A Expired - Lifetime EP0618047B1 (en) 1993-03-30 1994-03-21 Mounting device for connection pins in frame elements and connection pins therefore

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP0618047B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1099684A (en)
AT (1) ATE132790T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69400049T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2703389B1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017113099B4 (en) 2016-06-17 2023-12-07 Kobelco Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. CLUTCH PIN REMOVAL DEVICE AND WORK MACHINE EQUIPPED THEREOF

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107605851B (en) * 2017-09-18 2019-06-07 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 Hydraulic pressing sleeve device
FR3129185B1 (en) 2021-11-15 2023-10-27 Manitowoc Crane Group France Device for assembling/disassembling a connecting pin for end-to-end assembly of two structural elements

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CH477957A (en) * 1967-12-14 1969-09-15 Entpr Miniere Et Chimique Ense Method and apparatus for extracting and reassembling ball bearings and axles from conveyor belt rollers
US4091519A (en) * 1977-06-02 1978-05-30 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Pulling tool with adapter for use in confined spaces
FR2384594A1 (en) * 1977-01-12 1978-10-20 Trouvay & Cauvin Ets EXTRACTOR FOR EXTENDED-SHAPED PARTS, IN PARTICULAR HEAT EXCHANGER TUBES
WO1990004492A2 (en) * 1988-10-26 1990-05-03 Wicksteed Engineering Limited Extraction apparatus
EP0484930A1 (en) * 1990-11-07 1992-05-13 Man Ghh Logistics Gmbh Puller and extractor for connecting pins
FR2680813A1 (en) * 1991-08-30 1993-03-05 Potain Sa DISMANTLING ASSEMBLY DEVICE FOR METAL FRAME ELEMENTS.

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH477957A (en) * 1967-12-14 1969-09-15 Entpr Miniere Et Chimique Ense Method and apparatus for extracting and reassembling ball bearings and axles from conveyor belt rollers
FR2384594A1 (en) * 1977-01-12 1978-10-20 Trouvay & Cauvin Ets EXTRACTOR FOR EXTENDED-SHAPED PARTS, IN PARTICULAR HEAT EXCHANGER TUBES
US4091519A (en) * 1977-06-02 1978-05-30 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Pulling tool with adapter for use in confined spaces
WO1990004492A2 (en) * 1988-10-26 1990-05-03 Wicksteed Engineering Limited Extraction apparatus
EP0484930A1 (en) * 1990-11-07 1992-05-13 Man Ghh Logistics Gmbh Puller and extractor for connecting pins
FR2680813A1 (en) * 1991-08-30 1993-03-05 Potain Sa DISMANTLING ASSEMBLY DEVICE FOR METAL FRAME ELEMENTS.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017113099B4 (en) 2016-06-17 2023-12-07 Kobelco Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. CLUTCH PIN REMOVAL DEVICE AND WORK MACHINE EQUIPPED THEREOF

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69400049D1 (en) 1996-02-22
FR2703389A1 (en) 1994-10-07
ATE132790T1 (en) 1996-01-15
EP0618047B1 (en) 1996-01-10
CN1099684A (en) 1995-03-08
DE69400049T2 (en) 1996-07-11
FR2703389B1 (en) 1995-05-05

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