EP0612049A1 - Procédé de classification de véhicules passant en un point prédéterminé de la route - Google Patents
Procédé de classification de véhicules passant en un point prédéterminé de la route Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0612049A1 EP0612049A1 EP93118481A EP93118481A EP0612049A1 EP 0612049 A1 EP0612049 A1 EP 0612049A1 EP 93118481 A EP93118481 A EP 93118481A EP 93118481 A EP93118481 A EP 93118481A EP 0612049 A1 EP0612049 A1 EP 0612049A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- distance
- chassis
- measuring
- vehicles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/015—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled with provision for distinguishing between two or more types of vehicles, e.g. between motor-cars and cycles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for classifying vehicles passing a given waypoint.
- a seismic detector is used to distinguish between tracked vehicles, such as tanks or the like, and wheeled vehicles, such as articulated lorries, trucks and the like monitored path section is buried in the ground.
- the driving and engine noises generated by the vehicles couple into the ground and spread as seismic or ground-borne sound waves in the ground.
- These ground sound waves are received by the seismic detector, which is preferably designed as a geophone. From the output signals of the With the help of suitable signal processing methods, geophones are obtained criteria that indicate whether the received ground sound waves have been triggered by a tracked or wheeled vehicle.
- certain types of vehicles such as wheeled and tracked vehicles
- certain types of vehicles can be separated from one another, but certain types of vehicles, such as heavy, multi-axle semitrailers or lighter trucks with one or more drive axles, cannot be separated within one category. or tanks and also lighter scout cars equipped with chains.
- the invention is based on the object of specifying a classification method for vehicles which recognizes vehicles passing a waypoint and is able to distinguish them with a fineness sufficient in particular for military reconnaissance purposes, vehicles with the same design features, such as chains or wheels, still being within their category in different vehicle types broken down, ie classified.
- the object is achieved according to the invention in a method of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 by the features in the characterizing part of claim 1.
- a profile of the chassis in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the vehicle is obtained, which is used at least with its characteristic parameters to identify the vehicle.
- characteristic chassis parameters that Specifically only occur with certain vehicle types and are therefore ideally suited for their identification.
- chassis parameters mentioned above and their combination on a measured vehicle not only can wheeled vehicles be divided into different categories, but also tracked vehicles can be identified in their various designs, because the number of chain wheels, their diameter and wheelbase as well as wheel cover for different types of tracked vehicles also are trained differently.
- cut lengths are defined by adding the measured value spacings of successive measured values with an approximately equally large measured value size in order to obtain running gear parameters from the measured profile of the running gear and the position of the individual cutting lengths is determined.
- Distance measurement values with the same measured variable arise due to the distance measurement to the same chassis part, so that the cutting lengths reflect the length of these chassis parts in the vehicle longitudinal axis.
- the measuring height i.e. the distance of the measuring line from the earth's surface is kept very small, characterize repeatedly, i.e. at least twice, the same cutting lengths occurring in the measuring profile of secant sections of the vehicle wheels running parallel to the earth's surface.
- the wheel diameter can be determined from the cutting length on the basis of the known measuring height and known geometric relationships. Each wheel axis lies on the central perpendicular of the respective cutting lines, and the distance between the wheel axes can thus be taken directly from the measurement profile.
- the vehicle passing the waypoint is then classified on the basis of the large number of correspondences between the chassis parameters and the same chassis parameters of one of the known reference vehicles.
- the method according to the invention based on the distance measurement to the vehicle, has the advantage over video surveillance of a route section or monitoring of the route section with a thermal imaging camera that only a small amount of data is processed to create a meaningful measurement profile and must therefore be transmitted to the corresponding evaluation points.
- the measured values are relatively robust against transmission errors.
- a measuring device for performing the distance measurement can therefore be very inexpensive manufactures and thus a variety of different waypoints can be installed.
- the evaluation of the measured values at the individual measuring points that is to say the creation of the measuring profile, the extraction of chassis parameters and the comparison with reference vehicles, can be carried out for all measuring devices in an evaluation center remote from the measuring devices. For a large number of waypoint monitoring, only a single evaluation center is necessary.
- the classification method described below detects and identifies vehicles that pass a predetermined waypoint on a route 10.
- the distance to the chassis of the vehicle 11 is measured continuously from a measuring location 13 lying transversely to the route 10 along a fixed measuring line 14 running through the predetermined waypoint.
- the distance measurement is carried out optically actively with a known laser rangefinder installed at the measuring location 13, which emits a sharply focused light beam along the measuring line 14 with an infrared laser transmitter and receives the light reflected on the chassis parts of the vehicle 11 with a receiver.
- the distance to the vehicle 11 is determined from the received signals by means of an evaluation unit.
- the laser beam can consist of pulsed or modulated light. When light pulses are emitted, the transit time of the respective laser pulse is measured and the distance is determined therefrom.
- the measuring line 14 is aligned at right angles to the direction of travel 12 of the vehicle 11, that is to say at right angles to the route 10, in order to avoid problems in the distance measurement which are dependent on the aspect angle.
- the measuring line 14 maintains the smallest possible distance D from the surface of the route 10, which is typically approximately 20 cm.
- the following boundary conditions apply to the selection of an optimal measuring height D.
- the measurement should be above road bumps, e.g. B. on gravel roads.
- the measurement should also be closely adjacent wheels or castors in motor vehicles separate from each other, ie the gaps between the wheels or castors should be as large as possible, the measuring line should be below the wheel axles, since the chassis above the axles is often covered by aprons and the like.
- the driving speed v of the vehicle 11 is measured when the waypoint is passed.
- the driving speed can be measured by various methods, e.g. B. by arranging two spaced apart in the direction of travel 12 of the vehicle 11 sensors for detecting the passing vehicle and determining the time difference.
- the vehicle can be detected, for example, using magnetic sensors which detect changes in the magnetic earth field as it passes the vehicle.
- the spatial distance .DELTA.L of the measured values in the vehicle longitudinal axis is determined from the known measuring frequency F of the distance measurement and the measured vehicle speed v, and a measuring profile of the chassis of the vehicle 11 is created with this spatial distance of the measured values.
- the successively determined distance measured values are strung together with an interval predetermined by the calculated distance in a direction corresponding to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
- the resulting measurement profile of the chassis of the vehicle 11 is shown schematically in FIG. 3.
- the measured value, ie the measured distance E is plotted on the ordinate and the number of measurements with successive distances ⁇ L is plotted on the abscissa.
- cut lengths I are defined by adding the measured value distances L of successive measured values with approximately the same measured value size, and the position of these cut lengths I within the measurement profile is determined. Due to the measuring height D, i.e. the distance of the measuring line 14 from the surface of the route 11, and the repeated occurrence of identical cutting lengths I in the measuring profile shown, it can be assumed that the measured values within the cutting lengths I of the vehicle wheels of the vehicle 11 in Fig 1, the cutting lengths I thus represent secants of the vehicle wheels extending parallel to the route 10.
- FIG. 4 shows the geometrical relationships on the vehicle wheel taking into account the measuring height D and the cutting lengths I.
- the diameter R of the vehicle wheel can be determined from the cutting length I calculate.
- a first characteristic chassis parameter for the vehicle 11 is thus derived from the measurement profile. In order to eliminate errors, this wheel diameter R is only permitted for reasons of plausibility if the condition D / 2 ⁇ R ⁇ 3 m is satisfied. If R is greater than 3 m, the cutting line cannot originate from a vehicle wheel, but rather must come from a side apron.
- the center point of the wheel and thus the point of penetration of the wheel axle lies on the central perpendicular of the cutting length I.
- the distance between the wheel axles can thus be readily derived from the measurement profile.
- Another vehicle parameter that typifies the vehicle 11 is thus known.
- the number of wheel axles, here three can easily be deduced from the presence of three cutting lengths I characteristic of vehicle wheels.
- a further chassis parameter for vehicle 11 is thus known.
- the reference vehicle i.e. maximum permissible loading weight, unladen weight etc.
- a procedure can also be followed such that a plurality of synthetic chassis profiles, hereinafter referred to as reference profiles, are generated from the chassis parameters of a large number of known reference vehicles, including the measuring height D of the measuring line 14 are designed as the measurement profile shown in Fig. 3.
- the synthetic reference profiles of the plurality of reference vehicles thus obtained are successively compared with the measurement profile according to FIG. 3 of the vehicle 11 to be identified correlated, ie checked for agreement.
- the vehicle 11 to be identified is then classified as the reference vehicle whose reference profile correlated with the measurement profile according to FIG. 3 gives the greatest correlation factor, that is to say is as close as possible to 1.
- a limit value of the correlation factor can be set, at which such an assignment of the vehicle 11 to a reference vehicle is permitted, so that incorrect classifications are largely excluded.
- FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a device for carrying out the described classification method for vehicles.
- 15 is a laser rangefinder and 16 a speed measuring device.
- Laser range finder 15 and speed measuring device 16 are activated by a wake-up device 17 when a vehicle 11 approaches the predetermined measuring point through which the measuring line 14 passes.
- the wake-up device 17 can be, for example, a passive sensor system, such as, for. B. magnetic sensors that register a change in the magnetic field caused by the vehicle when approaching.
- the laser rangefinder 15 and the speed measuring device 16 enter their measuring mode, ie the laser rangefinder 15 continuously measures with the measuring frequency F the distance E along the measuring line 14 to the vehicle 11 passing through the measuring line 14.
- the speed measuring device 16 measures the current driving speed of the vehicle Vehicle 11 when passing the measuring line 14.
- the measured values output by the laser range finder 15 are passed through a filter 18, in which incorrect distance measured values, e.g. B. due to disturbed laser reflection, detected and removed.
- the Distance measured values filtered in this way are fed to a measured value evaluation unit 19 which additionally receives a measuring signal representing the vehicle speed v from the speed measuring device 16 and a signal indicating the measuring frequency F from the laser range finder 15.
- the measured value evaluation unit 19 calculates the spatial distances between the individual measured values in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis from the quotient of the vehicle speed v and the measurement frequency F in accordance with L - v F (2) With this measured value distance, the measured value evaluation unit 19 creates the measurement profile according to FIG. 3 and supplies it to a parameter extraction unit 20.
- a number of identical chassis parameters from known reference vehicles are assigned to a reference memory 22 stored these reference vehicles. These chassis parameters are read out in the comparator 21 one after the other.
- the comparator 21 determines the degree of agreement of all chassis parameters of the same reference vehicle with the vehicle parameters of the vehicle 11 to be identified and outputs the reference vehicle in which the degree of agreement is at a maximum. This means that the vehicle 11 to be identified is classified as the output reference vehicle.
- blocks 23 and 24 can be provided, block 23 being a computing device and block 24 being a correlation unit.
- the computing device 23 is used to create a synthetic reference profile for each of the stored reference vehicles, which is configured in the same way as the measurement profile for the chassis of the vehicle, from the plurality of vehicle parameters stored in the reference memory 22, each belonging to a plurality of reference vehicles 11 in FIG. 3.
- the measurement profile of the chassis of the vehicle 11 created in the measured value evaluation unit 19 is fed to the correlation unit 24.
- the correlation unit 24 successively correlates this measurement profile with each of the reference profiles of the chassis of a known reference vehicle calculated by the computing device 23 and determines the correlation factor.
- the maximum correlation factor is determined from the large number of correlation factors, which preferably must additionally exceed a minimum size.
- the reference vehicle that gives this maximum correlation factor is output as a classification vehicle, i. H. the vehicle 11 to be detected is classified as the reference vehicle output at the output of the correlation unit 24.
- the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment described. So z. B. on embankments next to the driveway 10, which leave little space for the establishment of the measuring point 13 in the vicinity of the driveway 10, an optics with an entrance and exit pupil at measuring height D, the optical axis of which can be installed directly at the edge of the driveway 10 Measuring line 14 coincides.
- the optics are connected to a measuring point set up behind the embankment via a light guide cable installed laser rangefinder connected, and there coupled to the laser transmitter and receiver.
- the fiber optic cable can be laid as desired, it can also be led through the embankment or buried in the ground. The length of the light guide cable must then be taken into account when measuring distance. It is possible to provide a separate entrance and exit pupil in the optics, which are each connected to the laser transmitter and the receiver via separate light guide cables. However, it is also possible to fold the entrance and exit pupils so that only one light guide cable leads to the laser range finder.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4304298A DE4304298A1 (de) | 1993-02-15 | 1993-02-15 | Verfahren zum Klassifizieren von einen vorgegebenen Wegpunkt passierenden Fahrzeugen |
DE4304298 | 1993-02-15 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0612049A1 true EP0612049A1 (fr) | 1994-08-24 |
EP0612049B1 EP0612049B1 (fr) | 1998-09-30 |
Family
ID=6480344
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93118481A Expired - Lifetime EP0612049B1 (fr) | 1993-02-15 | 1993-11-16 | Procédé de classification de véhicules passant en un point prédéterminé de la route |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5446291A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0612049B1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE4304298A1 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK0612049T3 (fr) |
TR (1) | TR28042A (fr) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10488492B2 (en) | 2014-09-09 | 2019-11-26 | Leddarttech Inc. | Discretization of detection zone |
USRE48763E1 (en) | 2011-05-11 | 2021-10-05 | Leddartech Inc. | Multiple-field-of-view scannerless optical rangefinder in high ambient background light |
USRE48914E1 (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2022-02-01 | Leddartech Inc. | System and method for multipurpose traffic detection and characterization |
USRE49342E1 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2022-12-20 | Leddartech Inc. | Distance detection method and system |
Families Citing this family (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5752215A (en) * | 1995-02-28 | 1998-05-12 | Livingstone Legend Enterprises (Propiretary) Ltd. | Apparatus and method for classifying vehicles using electromagnetic waves and pattern recognition |
KR970049929A (ko) * | 1995-12-30 | 1997-07-29 | 김광호 | 디지탈 방식을 이용한 차종 분류 방법 및 그에 따른 장치 |
DE19708014A1 (de) | 1997-02-27 | 1998-09-10 | Ernst Dr Hoerber | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erfassen eines Objekts in einem vorgegebenen Raumbereich, insbesondere von Fahrzeugen für die Verkehrsüberwachung |
DE19738608C1 (de) * | 1997-09-04 | 1998-07-16 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fahrwerkregelung |
US6750787B2 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2004-06-15 | Herbert A. Hutchinson | Optronic system for the measurement of vehicle traffic |
GB0103665D0 (en) * | 2001-02-15 | 2001-03-28 | Secr Defence | Road traffic monitoring system |
KR100459475B1 (ko) * | 2002-04-04 | 2004-12-03 | 엘지산전 주식회사 | 차종 판단 시스템 및 그 방법 |
ATE367601T1 (de) * | 2002-05-07 | 2007-08-15 | Ages Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gebue | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum automatischen klassifizieren von mit rädern ausgestatteten fahrzeugen |
US7092106B2 (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2006-08-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | System for determining the configuration of obscured structure by employing phase profilometry and method of use therefor |
US8242476B2 (en) | 2005-12-19 | 2012-08-14 | Leddartech Inc. | LED object detection system and method combining complete reflection traces from individual narrow field-of-view channels |
JP2010503833A (ja) * | 2006-09-19 | 2010-02-04 | ヴェンテヒ・ゲーエムベーハー | テストスタンド上の車輌のタイプ又はタイヤのタイプの自動的識別方法 |
EP2158579B1 (fr) | 2007-06-18 | 2014-10-15 | Leddartech Inc. | Système d'éclairage avec fonctions de gestion de trafic |
US8600656B2 (en) | 2007-06-18 | 2013-12-03 | Leddartech Inc. | Lighting system with driver assistance capabilities |
WO2009079779A1 (fr) | 2007-12-21 | 2009-07-02 | Leddartech Inc. | Système et procédé de gestion de stationnement utilisant un système d'éclairage |
WO2011077400A2 (fr) | 2009-12-22 | 2011-06-30 | Leddartech Inc. | Système de surveillance 3d actif pour une détection de trafic |
DE102010007383A1 (de) * | 2010-02-10 | 2011-08-11 | Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH & Co. KG, 80997 | Verfahren zur Klassifizierung von Fahrzeugtypen beim Überfahren von Tragkonstruktionen, insbesondere mobilen Brücken sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
EP2721593B1 (fr) | 2011-06-17 | 2017-04-05 | Leddartech Inc. | Système et procédé de détection latérale et de caractérisation de circulation |
WO2012175470A1 (fr) * | 2011-06-21 | 2012-12-27 | Kapsch Trafficcom Ag | Procédé et dispositif de détection d'une roue en rotation |
RU2486597C1 (ru) * | 2012-02-09 | 2013-06-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Техно-траффик" | Способ автоматической классификации транспортных средств |
KR20140072442A (ko) * | 2012-12-04 | 2014-06-13 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 차량 검지 장치 및 방법 |
GB2513399B (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2017-07-26 | Optasense Holdings Ltd | Traffic Monitoring |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4247768A (en) * | 1978-11-30 | 1981-01-27 | British Railways Board | Vehicle velocity related measuring systems |
EP0318260A2 (fr) * | 1987-11-27 | 1989-05-31 | Combustion Developments Limited | Moyens de surveillance |
FR2670404A1 (fr) * | 1990-12-12 | 1992-06-19 | Dassault Electronique | Dispositif et procede de classification automatique a la volee de vehicules autonomes. |
Family Cites Families (6)
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US3167739A (en) * | 1960-05-19 | 1965-01-26 | Honeywell Inc | Electronic object detector |
US4158832A (en) * | 1961-06-19 | 1979-06-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Seismic apparatus for discrimination between track-type vehicles and wheel-type vehicles |
US3872283A (en) * | 1973-07-13 | 1975-03-18 | Cadre Corp | Vehicle identification method and apparatus |
US4284971A (en) * | 1979-04-02 | 1981-08-18 | Lowry Elliot G | Overheight vehicle detection and warning system |
US4747353A (en) * | 1986-10-14 | 1988-05-31 | Weber-Knapp Company | Straight line motion mechanism |
FR2645310B1 (fr) * | 1989-03-31 | 1991-06-21 | Elsydel | Procede d'identification d'objets en mouvement, notamment de vehicules, et systemes pour sa mise en oeuvre |
-
1993
- 1993-02-15 DE DE4304298A patent/DE4304298A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-11-16 DE DE59309027T patent/DE59309027D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-16 EP EP93118481A patent/EP0612049B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-16 DK DK93118481T patent/DK0612049T3/da active
-
1994
- 1994-01-19 TR TR00148/94A patent/TR28042A/xx unknown
- 1994-02-09 US US08/193,846 patent/US5446291A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4247768A (en) * | 1978-11-30 | 1981-01-27 | British Railways Board | Vehicle velocity related measuring systems |
EP0318260A2 (fr) * | 1987-11-27 | 1989-05-31 | Combustion Developments Limited | Moyens de surveillance |
FR2670404A1 (fr) * | 1990-12-12 | 1992-06-19 | Dassault Electronique | Dispositif et procede de classification automatique a la volee de vehicules autonomes. |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USRE49342E1 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2022-12-20 | Leddartech Inc. | Distance detection method and system |
USRE49950E1 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2024-04-30 | Leddartech Inc. | Distance detection method and system |
USRE48763E1 (en) | 2011-05-11 | 2021-10-05 | Leddartech Inc. | Multiple-field-of-view scannerless optical rangefinder in high ambient background light |
USRE48914E1 (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2022-02-01 | Leddartech Inc. | System and method for multipurpose traffic detection and characterization |
US10488492B2 (en) | 2014-09-09 | 2019-11-26 | Leddarttech Inc. | Discretization of detection zone |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK0612049T3 (da) | 1999-02-22 |
TR28042A (tr) | 1995-12-11 |
DE59309027D1 (de) | 1998-11-05 |
EP0612049B1 (fr) | 1998-09-30 |
US5446291A (en) | 1995-08-29 |
DE4304298A1 (de) | 1994-08-18 |
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