EP0604277A1 - Guide rails with indeformable supports and at least one horizontal deformable continuous guide member - Google Patents

Guide rails with indeformable supports and at least one horizontal deformable continuous guide member Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0604277A1
EP0604277A1 EP93403064A EP93403064A EP0604277A1 EP 0604277 A1 EP0604277 A1 EP 0604277A1 EP 93403064 A EP93403064 A EP 93403064A EP 93403064 A EP93403064 A EP 93403064A EP 0604277 A1 EP0604277 A1 EP 0604277A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
supports
heald
wing
deformable
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Granted
Application number
EP93403064A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0604277B1 (en
Inventor
Alain Henri Fernand Tassus
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Les Profiles du Centre
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Les Profiles du Centre
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/025—Combinations of at least two of the barrier member types covered by E01F15/04 - E01F15/08, e.g. rolled steel section or plastic strip backed up by cable, safety kerb topped by rail barrier

Definitions

  • One of these types includes deformable devices while the other includes rigid, non-deformable devices.
  • the deformable devices are specifically designed, due to the large differences in impact energy, depending on the type of vehicle to be used: they are studied, either for light vehicles (passenger cars and small commercial and professional vehicles), or for heavy goods vehicles (trucks, buses and coaches). In the first case, they are ill-suited to heavy goods vehicles and in the second case, they are very aggressive towards light vehicles.
  • Rigid devices are essentially designed for heavy vehicles to which they oppose a very high resistance, the primary concern being not to save damage to the accidented vehicle but to oppose at all costs its crossing of the device.
  • deformable devices of the first type, therefore, there is that which consists of two opposite parallel rails, fixed horizontally on vertical supports to together constitute a "safety barrier" located between two traffic lanes in opposite directions, in order to modify the trajectory of a vehicle in distress and to force it to remain on the lane in the direction in which it is traveling.
  • the beams and the supports are designed in such a way that they gradually give way upon the impact of a vehicle and that they oppose the percussion force against a force absorbing kinetic energy and tend to bring the vehicle back on its track. .
  • the height of the rails is calculated to act below the level of the side windows of these vehicles and their shapes tend to avoid vertical components which could lift the impacting vehicle, with all the serious risks that this entails.
  • It is generally a continuous concrete wall, substantially vertical, about 80 centimeters high, which is placed between the two tracks to separate them radically.
  • this profile is particularly unfavorable to light vehicles because, in the event of percussion, it causes a first violent impact, favoring a very large speed of deviation (or “exit") from the barrier, as well as an angle very large deflection, which in itself is extremely serious since this creates the risk of collisions with other vehicles or with other obstacles and may project the vehicle into the lateral ditch opposite the safety barrier, against a wall, etc. .
  • the base is much too low to hold the wheels for a long time: it does so only very temporarily at the level of the tires (and not of the rigid wheel veil) and allows them to quickly mount, as on a small sidewalk taken at an angle, which suddenly releases kinetic energy when the wheels (at least one wheel) reach the rising edge.
  • the patent FR-A-2,479,301 describes a safety device comprising prefabricated blocks placed one after the other and on which fixed removable metal rails fixed to supports plugged into the top of the blocks, these having a very low height so that the beams are located substantially at their usual height, that is to say about 70 centimeters.
  • the system described in this patent is essentially intended for a temporary implantation, reason for which the blocks are short to be not very bulky, and therefore light and easily transportable, while the beams of great lengths are fixed to the supports by bolts so that they can be put on and taken off easily.
  • the patent FR-A-2,584,112 describes a device quite similar to the previous one since it comprises removable concrete bases above which vertical posts are fixed, having to receive one or two beams fixed in the conventional manner.
  • Patent document DE-U-7.439.889 which describes an assembly comprising a concrete wall and lateral elastic elements.
  • the wall has two horizontal flanges which must be sealed in the ground so that the wheels of a sinking vehicle roll on these flanges and the dimensions indicated by this document (see Figures 1 and 2) demonstrate that the elastic elements are well located the height of the wheels.
  • this device complies with all wheel guards: it is intended to repel vehicles towards the traffic lane, even at the cost of the very serious danger of projecting the vehicle towards a lane where traffic circulates. other vehicles.
  • stops 12 are provided anchored in the ground and serving as a guide for the dam in the direction perpendicular thereto.
  • the present invention proposes a new solution which consists in combining in a single set two functions which come into play successively: one made of flexibility is adapted to the shocks of light vehicles and the other, made of fixity, rigidity, s' forcibly oppose the impact of heavy vehicles.
  • the subject of the invention is a safety device to be installed along a track intended for the circulation of vehicles, of the type comprising at least one substantially vertical support and of non-deformable nature as well as at least one stringer continuous maintained at a given height with respect to the track plane to be greater than the height of the wheels of light type vehicles, such as passenger cars, characterized in that the support, such as a concrete wall, is fixed and non-displaceable and has at least one longitudinal sidewall of height greater than the height given with respect to the plane of the track and on which is fixed a set of non-elastic deformable nature composed of at least one continuous rail parallel to the side of the 'support and non-elastic deformable elements interposed between the arm and the side of the support.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a safety device according to the invention, showing a first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a heddle according to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a deformable element adapted to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a support adapted to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view showing the various components of the safety device of Figure 1, namely a continuous fixed support, supports, deformable elements and a continuous rail.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view showing on a larger scale the device of FIG. 1.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic sectional view showing the profile of a heddle according to the invention conducive to the maintenance on the ground of a vehicle which strikes it.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view showing a variant of the device in FIG. 1.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic sectional view of another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view showing a variant of the embodiment of FIG. 8.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment of the invention according to which the heddle has a substantially rectangular section, capable of deforming downwards, in a parallelogram.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment according to which the device comprises deformable elements integral with the heald, the latter being further shaped to present deformable elements in abutment against the side of the support.
  • Figures 13 to 15 are schematic sectional views showing variants of another embodiment of the invention, according to which the heddle is capable of deforming downwards by sliding relative to the support.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the constitution of a device according to the invention according to an embodiment which provides that the rail is formed by cables.
  • a device which comprises a rigid and solid support 1 consisting of a continuous concrete wall having two longitudinal sides 2 and 3 substantially vertical and located above inclined planes 4 and 5 rising from a base 6 which, here, has a sole 7 serving as a foundation in the soil A.
  • the soil A is, in fact, a more or less thick and complex coating depending on the nature of the ground and its face upper B constitutes the track plan which directly receives the vehicles.
  • this road is a road or motorway pavement, but it could be private roads, competition circuits, test or test circuits, parking areas, loading / unloading, etc. .
  • the height C of the support, or low wall, 1 and the distance D1 corresponding to the height of the base 6 are respectively about 80 and 8 centimeters.
  • Each of these sets 100 includes a rail 101, inelastic deformable elements 102 and supports 103 fixed to the concrete wall 1.
  • the heald 101 is of indefinite length and results from the end-to-end installation, with or without covering the ends, of segments each consisting of a metal profile.
  • This profile is of domed shape and has a useful face 104 constituting a central part between two wings 105 and 106, two smooth holes 107 and 108 being formed from place to place in these wings 105 and 106, for the purpose of fixing the smooth 101, as will be described later.
  • Each of the inelastic deformable elements 102 is formed by a folded sheet which has a central part 110 and two cheeks 111 and 112, a light 113 being provided in the center of the central part 110 for the purpose of fixing the element 102, as is will describe it later.
  • Each of the supports 103 is formed of a piece in the shape of a stirrup, that is to say comprising a middle face 115 and two upper wings 116 and lower 117, substantially perpendicular to the middle face 115, a light 118 being provided. at the center of said middle face 115 for the purpose of fixing the support 103, as will be described below.
  • the wings 116 and 117 each have a smooth hole respectively 120 and 121 opposite which nuts 122 and 123 are placed, on the inner face of the wings 116 and 117, and are fixed there by welds 124 and 125.
  • the deformable elements 102 and the supports 103 are fixed, for example by means of metal members forcibly inserted, generally by means of pneumatic guns ("splits").
  • pneumatic guns pneumatic guns
  • tapped tubes 8 put in place by any known means: either as an insert before the setting of the concrete, or else by drilling after the setting of the concrete, in order to constitute as many holes for the subsequent fixing of bolts, by screwing.
  • the distance between these holes 8 along the wall 1 is established as a function of the number of deformable elements 102 and the number of supports 103 which are provided per unit of length.
  • each deformable element 102 is put in place by applying its central part 110 against the wall 1, the cheeks 111 and 112 being in vertical planes, substantially perpendicular to the side 2-3 of the wall 1, and l 'the light 113 is adjusted opposite a fixing hole 8. Then, we engage a bolt 130 in the light 113 (possibly with the interposition of a washer of any known type, not shown) and we screw it into the hole fixing 8. As is well known per se, the oblong light 113 makes it possible to adjust the exact height to which the element 102 must be fixed, with reference to the plane of the roadway B.
  • each support 103 is put in place by applying its median face 115 against the wall 1, the wings 116 and 117 being in more or less oblique planes, as will be explained below, substantially perpendicular to the side 2-3 of the wall 1, and the light 118 is adjusted opposite a fixing hole 8. Then, we engage a bolt 131 in the light 118 (possibly with the interposition of a washer of any type known, not shown) and it is screwed into the fixing hole 8.
  • the oblong light 118 makes it possible to adjust the exact height to which the support 103 must be fixed, with reference to the plane of pavement B.
  • the spacing of two supports 103 must obviously correspond to that of the holes 107 and 108 of the heald 101 because, after fitting and fixing a certain number of deformable elements 102 and supports 103, the heald is placed 101 so that its wings 105 and 106 are placed outside the wings 116 and 117 of the supports 103 and cover the cheeks 111 and 112 with deformable elements 102, as indicated by dotted lines on the right-hand side of FIG. 5 .
  • bolts 132 and 133 are introduced into the aligned holes 107-120 and 108-121 (FIG. 6) and they are screwed into the welded nuts 122 and 123.
  • the deformable elements 102 and the supports 103 were thus fixed in the low wall 1, then the rail 101, section segment by section segment, was fixed to the supports 103, by bolts 132 and 133.
  • a heddle must have a more or less oblique profile with respect to the horizontal. As for its height, it is traditionally chosen so that contact with a passenger vehicle approaching it at an angle occurs below the lower level of the side windows of the vehicle.
  • the invention takes into consideration all the vehicles and the deformable assemblies 100 are situated at a height such that they can react not only to shocks occurring at level but also to shocks directed from bottom to top, due, in particular, to the existence of inclined planes 4 and 5 which, as mentioned above, provide an ascending vertical component to a vehicle of which at least one wheel crosses the height D1 and rolls on the inclined plane 5 in a direction of circulation and on the inclined plane 4 in the opposite direction of circulation.
  • the rail 101 is placed so that the free edges 140 and 141 of its wings 105 and 106 ( Figures 5 and 6) are substantially in abutment against the wall 1, so that the deformable assembly 100 which results therefrom has a box structure compartmentalized by the cheeks 111 and 112 of the deformable elements 102.
  • the free edges 142 and 143 of the cheeks 111 and 112 opposite the wall 1 could have the same curved profile as the interior of the useful face 104 of the curved heald 101.
  • the cheeks 111 and 112 would constitute real spacers between the wall 1 and the rail 101.
  • the box structure of a deformable assembly 100 has advantages unknown to date because the current safety devices still include vertical supports for one or two beams and are designed to absorb shocks by bending and twisting the supports, c 'In other words, by retreating from the impacted heald, which is impossible by backing it against a rigid and fixed wall, as is the case with the invention.
  • a shock on the heald 101 is therefore absorbed by the heald assembly 101-element (s) 102-support (s) 103, the low wall 1 playing the role (new compared to the prior art) of heald support like extremely rigid vertical supports, unlike known supports which are necessarily flexible. It is only in the event of total crushing of the assembly 101-102-103, and after such a crushing, that the low wall 1 plays its role of bulwark but for a shock whose kinetic energy has already been in absorbed part, so that at equal impact, the low wall 1 of the invention is much more effective since instead of return the vehicle with an energy corresponding to the initial shock, it does so only for a damped shock, absorbed by the inelastic deformation of the assembly 100.
  • the barrier exit speed is therefore lower and the return constraints are less aggressive vis-à-vis the vehicle.
  • a deformable assembly 100 according to the invention also has vertical resistance, due to its structure. in a box because it is not, as the known technique teaches, a simple slide designed only to absorb lateral impacts, since the assembly 100 is on a side of a low wall 1, which can, moreover (it is not a necessity but a possibility), present inclined planes 4 and 5.
  • the distance D2 measured horizontally between the vertical face of the base 6 and the junction area of the inclined planes 4-5 with the sides 2-3 is approximately 25 centimeters.
  • the projection S made by the deformable assembly 100 relative to the wall 1 must be such that this assembly 100 does not exceed the vertical alignment of the vertical face of the base 6 and is, on the contrary, somewhat set back with a minimum desirable about 15 centimeters for the value of the projection S.
  • the stringer 101 for its part, has a profile which is coordinated with that of the wings 116 and 117 of the supports 103. Depending on the obliquity of these wings, the stringer has more or less convergent wings 105 and 106.
  • the height of the wall 1 is established to oppose its crossing by heavy vehicles while the heald 101 is placed not according to heavy vehicles but according to light vehicles, so that it can s '' to embed in the bodywork of these vehicles, above their wheels and below their glazed parts.
  • the device can be produced as shown in FIG. 7, and which comprises, on the wall 1, a deformable assembly 150 constituted by a heald 151 with a substantially trapezoidal section, having a flat useful face 152 (which can be ribbed), sides 153 and 154 extended by two wings 155 and 156 applied against the wall 1 and fixed to it by bolts 157 and 158.
  • a deformable assembly 150 constituted by a heald 151 with a substantially trapezoidal section, having a flat useful face 152 (which can be ribbed), sides 153 and 154 extended by two wings 155 and 156 applied against the wall 1 and fixed to it by bolts 157 and 158.
  • the heald 151, the deformable elements 153-154 and the supports 155-156 are all in one piece, resulting from the profiling of a sheet, as is known per se.
  • this deformable device 150 can be supplemented by attached deformable elements, in particular of the type of those, 102, described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.
  • the backing of the deformable (but inelastic) assembly to the non-deformable assembly makes it possible to provide that the useful surface of the heddle has a height significantly less than that of the currently known safety rails which have a height of more than 30 centimeters.
  • FIG. 8 one sees an embodiment of the invention according to which the box structure which has just been described can be used to serve as a container for a product intended to contribute to the qualities and performances of the device. .
  • the stringer 101 can be placed on the supports 103 without, however, the free edges 140 and 141 of its wings 105 and 106 being in the immediate vicinity of the wall 1.
  • FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of the invention according to which, as before, the deformable elements 102 and the supports 103 are fixed to the wall 1, while the holes 107 and 108 of the wings 105 and 106 of the heald 101 are provided closer to the free edges 140 and 141, so that after the heald 101 is in place, the edges 140 and 141 are located at a distance E2 from the wall 1, a space E3, clearly greater than the space El, remaining between the edges 142 and 143 on the one hand and the interior of the useful face 104 on the other hand.
  • the smooth holes 107 and 108 are oblong (and no longer circular) in order to allow the sliding of the heald 101 relative to the supports 103, under the effect of an impact of a vehicle against the heald 101.
  • the stringer 101 has the ability to sink, to deform, inside the space E3 before the cheeks 111 and 112 of the elements 102 intervene.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a variant of the embodiment of FIG. 9 according to which the deformable elements 102 are integral with the heald 101 and no longer with the wall 1.
  • a space E4 is left between the wall 1 and the rear face of the central part 110 (or the free edge of the cheeks 111 and 112 located on the side of the wall 1), a space which is very substantially equal to the space E2 so that the device opposes a shock first the resistance of the stringer 101 and the cheeks 111-112, then the resistance to sliding of the bolts 122 -123 in the oblong holes 107 and 108 and, finally, the force resulting from the bracing of the assembly 100, more or less twisted by the impact, against the wall 1.
  • FIG. 11 shows an embodiment different from those of FIGS. 1 to 6 and 8 to 10 which had in common the same heald 101 of FIG. 2.
  • a set of deformable nature 200 is formed of a heddle 201 consisting of a single profile with rectangular section and supports 202, substantially U-shaped, fixed to the wall 1 by bolts 203 screwed into the fixing holes 8 .
  • the profile 201 can be of closed section, in which case it is necessary to provide as many passages 204 as there must be supports 202, or else be formed by folding a sheet whose free edges 205 and 206 remain far apart. on the other to provide a continuous longitudinal space 204, allowing passage to as many supports 202 as necessary.
  • the supports 202 may have any desired width or, even, be constituted by segments of continuous profiles, arranged like those which form the heddle 201.
  • the profile which constitutes the heddle 201 has two small faces 207 and 208 and two large faces 209 and 210.
  • the profile 201 and the supports 202 must be made integral and, here, the solution has been chosen which consists in providing a weld bead 211 on the rear wall 210 of the profile 201, above the passage 204 (punctual or continuous), which joins this rear wall 210 to the core 212 of the U-shaped support.
  • the external branch 213 is applied against the concrete wall 1 and is crossed by one (or more) bolt 203.
  • the opposite branch 214 is placed inside of profile 201 and supports it in the manner of a hook.
  • front 209 and rear 210 walls of the profile 201 are not parallel to the side of the wall 1.
  • the longitudinal axis x of the profile 201 makes with the side 2 of the wall 1 an angle ⁇ which results from the form of supports 202, that is to say of the angle formed by their core 212 and their branches 213 and 214.
  • the inclination of the profile 201 and its attachment to the wall 1 by its only upper part when the passage 204 is continuous have the effect of giving the deformable assembly a preferred rigidity to resist shocks having an ascending component and, at the conversely, a preferred downward deformability intended to favor the folding down of the vehicles and to counteract their elevation.
  • a dashed line shows a possible deformation, in parallelogram, of the section 201 having originally a rectangular section and it can be seen that the free edge 206 of the passage 204 (assumed to be continuous) can deviate from its initial position for let the entire structure of the profile 201 lower and deform as well as possible.
  • a shock against this deformable assembly 200 therefore has the probable consequence of a combined deformation of the profile 201 and the supports 202.
  • the heald and the deformable elements are combined into a single assembly, the heald itself being the external face 209 while the deformable elements are constituted by the supports 202 as well as by the small faces 207 and 208, the latter being directly in contact with the wall 1 to which it rests by the angle which connects it to the large rear face 210.
  • the deformable assembly 300 comprises a heald 301 formed by segments of sections having a useful face in three parts: a curved upper part 302, a lower part also curved 303 and a median flat 304 which acts as a support, because 'it has holes 305 distributed over the entire length of the heddle 301 and each having to receive a bolt 306 screwed into a fixing hole 8.
  • the convex parts 302 and 303 are extended by wings 307 and 308, the ends 309 and 310 of which are curved towards one another so that the free edges 311 and 312 of the profile are located symmetrically on either side bolts 306, a short distance from them.
  • the rail 301 is shouldered against the concrete wall 1 and is firmly held there by the bolts 306. It bears against the concrete wall 1 by rounded zones 313 and 314 which, in the event of an impact against the rail 301 tend, by yielding, to be wound towards the inside of the profile and, therefore, to decrease the length of the wings 307 and 308 as and when the rail 301 is pressed against the concrete wall 1 by the vehicle in distress.
  • the ends 309 and 310 are wound on themselves towards the inside of the profile and it can be said that the front face 302-303-304 of the deformable assembly 300 as well as its rear "face” 309-310- 313-314 are deformable and act simultaneously under the effect of a vehicle impact.
  • FIGS. 13 to 15 we see other variants of the embodiment according to which provision is made not only for deformation of the device but also for relative displacement between the deformable assembly and the concrete wall 1.
  • the deformable assembly 400 comprises a heald 401 constituted by a profile which has a curved useful face 402, an upper flank 403 and a lower flank 404 more extended than the previous one.
  • the upper side 403 is fixed by welding to a support 405 which can be constituted either by long sections or by point hooks. Whatever the constitution of the supports 405, they support the heald 401 in the same way as that which has been described with reference to FIG. 11 and are fixed to the wall 1 by bolts 406.
  • the lower side 404 bears against the wall 1 by its free edge 407.
  • This variant is of design very close to the embodiment of FIG. 11 since here again we seek to favor a downward deformation of the heald 401, as is mentioned in dotted lines.
  • the deformable assembly 400 comprises a heald 401 constituted by a profile which has a substantially flat and ribbed useful face 410, an upper flank 411 extended by a straightened wing 412 and a lower flank 413 extended by a wing 414 also straightened towards the inside of the profile.
  • the upper wing 412 is pierced with holes for the bolts 406 and constitutes a support for the assembly 400, fixed to the wall 1 by the bolts 406.
  • FIG. 14 is intended to bend and to deform preferably downwards, under the effect of a shock from a vehicle, the wing 414 having to slide in the manner of a skate on the wall 1.
  • the longitudinal ribs of the useful face 410 increase the resistance to crushing of the deformable assembly 400 and promote the creation of one or more grooves (depending on the shape and the number of ribs) in the body of a vehicle, so to retain it on the ground or, at the very least, to avoid lifting it, as explained above with reference to FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 15 we see another variant which takes up the curved useful face 402 of the heald 401, the upper flanks 411 and lower 413 which converge towards each other and the upper wing straightened 412, but provides that the lower flank 413 is extended by a wing 415 lowered towards the outside of the profile, so that the deformable assembly 400 has an ⁇ -shaped section, the two wings 412 and 415 being applied against the wall 1.
  • the concrete wall 1 has the New Jersey profile and the wing 412 is placed against the sidewall 2 while the wing 415 is placed against the inclined plane 4.
  • the deformable assembly 400 is fixed to the concrete wall 1 by the bolts 406 passing exclusively through the upper wing 412 and screwed into fixing holes 8.
  • the lower wing 415 being applied against the inclined plane 4 but not being attached thereto, can slide in the manner of a pad against the inclined plane 4, as is mentioned in dotted lines.
  • This arrangement gives the deformable assembly 400 a preferential direction of downward deformation in order to induce in the vehicle which has shocked it a component of drawdown exactly opposite to the undesirable component of lifting which is currently occurring.
  • a device according to the invention is effective both with regard to light vehicles than with regard to heavy vehicles and, within these two categories, as well for minor shocks than for large shocks.
  • a light shock may only interest a deformable assembly which, by itself, collects the desired forces, the non-deformable support acting only as support, as support, of the deformable assembly.
  • a larger impact can cause the deformable assembly to be crushed and the vehicle which causes it then encounters the non-deformable support itself, after the impact has been mitigated by the deformable assembly which first intervenes.
  • the non-deformable support and the deformable assembly act together at first and then, if necessary, the support imposes its mass when the deformable assembly is powerless on its own to absorb the shock caused by the accident vehicle.
  • the non-deformable support is therefore no longer aggressive with regard to light vehicles which are initially taken care of by the deformable assembly.
  • the device of the invention dampens the violence of the first shock and of any subsequent shocks, attenuates decelerations, avoids (or at least reduces) the amplitude of the vertical movements and limits the speed of exit from the barrier, which minimizes the risks of accident resulting from the transverse movements imprinted on the injured vehicle to send it back to the taxiway.
  • non-deformable support consists of a continuous concrete wall, but it could be any other rigid, continuous or discontinuous structure.
  • Such a structure could be not only a masonry made in one piece or by juxtaposition and / or superposition of separate blocks, but also the side of a rock wall, a roadside, such as a noise barrier, abutment or bridge pier, made of all resistant materials, etc.
  • the deformable assembly could not be made of metal but of other materials such as wood, synthetic materials, composite materials, etc.
  • deformable elements 102 and the supports 103 of FIGS. 1 to 6 and 8 to 10 are concealed and can be produced taking into account only utility requirements and the device can have an extremely pleasant external appearance, of very natural appearance, including in wood.
  • FIG. 16 one sees an embodiment of the invention according to which the heddle of a deformable assembly 500 is constituted by two parallel cables 501 and 502 and no longer by profiles.
  • supports 503 which include a central plate 504 and wings 505 and 506, which gives them a structure quite similar to that of the deformable elements 102 previously described, their attachment to the wall 1 being made as described with reference to FIG. 5, so that they simultaneously constitute supports and deformable elements in a single piece.
  • the central plate 504 constitutes a support similar to the supports 103, while the wings 505 and 506 constitute deformable elements similar to the wings 111 and 112 of the elements 102.
  • the wings 505 and 506 are traversed by holes in which the cables 501 and 502 are engaged in order to be kept at a good distance from the side 2-3 of the wall 1.
  • supports 503 are placed in greater or lesser number, so that they are spaced apart by a value suitably suitable for holding the cables.
  • the cable supports can be produced in a different manner from that which has been described here by way of example.
  • the number of cables it can be reduced to one or, on the contrary, be increased until it forms a more or less tight sheet.
  • the inelastic deformable elements By placing the inelastic deformable elements at a level higher than that of the wheels of passenger vehicles, they are located at the height of the body which is itself deformable, so that the energy of an impact is absorbed simultaneously by the deformation of the bodywork and by that of the elements.

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  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)

Abstract

The continuous rail is held at a given height with respect to the plane of the lane in order to be higher than the wheels of light-vehicle type, such as touring cars (saloons). It is characterised in that the support (1), such as a concrete wall, is fixed and immovable and has at least one longitudinal flank (2-3) which is higher than the given height with respect to the plane of the lane (B) and on which is fixed an assembly of inelastically deformable nature (100-200-300-400-500), composed of at least one continuous rail (101-201-301-401-501 and 502) which is parallel to the flank (2-3) of the support (1) and inelastic deformable elements (102-150-207-208-307-308-320-403-404-503) interposed between the rail (101-201-301-401-501 and 502) and the flank of the support (1). <IMAGE>

Description

On connaît essentiellement deux types différents de dispositifs pour renforcer la sécurité des usagers des routes et autoroutes, afin de retenir un véhicule dont le conducteur a perdu la direction et de le ramener sur la voie de circulation avec le minimum de dégâts.Essentially two different types of device are known to reinforce the safety of road and motorway users, in order to retain a vehicle the driver of which has lost direction and to bring it back onto the traffic lane with the minimum of damage.

L'un de ces types comprend les dispositifs déformables tandis que l'autre comprend les dispositifs rigides, indéformables.One of these types includes deformable devices while the other includes rigid, non-deformable devices.

Les dispositifs déformables sont conçus de manière spécifique, du fait des grandes différences d'énergie de choc, en fonction du type de véhicules à retenir : ils sont étudiés, soit pour les véhicules légers (voitures de tourisme et petits véhicules utilitaires et professionnels), soit pour les poids lourds (camions, autobus et autocars). Dans le premier cas ils sont mal adaptés aux poids lourds et dans le second cas, ils sont très agressifs vis-à-vis des véhicules légers.The deformable devices are specifically designed, due to the large differences in impact energy, depending on the type of vehicle to be used: they are studied, either for light vehicles (passenger cars and small commercial and professional vehicles), or for heavy goods vehicles (trucks, buses and coaches). In the first case, they are ill-suited to heavy goods vehicles and in the second case, they are very aggressive towards light vehicles.

Les dispositifs rigides sont essentiellement conçus pour les véhicules lourds auxquels ils opposent une résitance très importante, la préoccupation première étant non pas d'épargner des dégâts au véhicule accidenté mais de s'opposer à tout prix à son franchissement du dispositif.Rigid devices are essentially designed for heavy vehicles to which they oppose a very high resistance, the primary concern being not to save damage to the accidented vehicle but to oppose at all costs its crossing of the device.

Parmi les dispositifs déformables (du premier type, par conséquent), on trouve celui qui est constitué par deux lisses parallèles opposées, fixées horizontalement sur des supports verticaux pour constituer ensemble une "barrière de sécurité" située entre deux voies de circulation à sens opposés, afin de modifier la trajectoire d'un véhicule en détresse et de l'obliger à rester sur la voie dans le sens de laquelle il circule.Among the deformable devices (of the first type, therefore), there is that which consists of two opposite parallel rails, fixed horizontally on vertical supports to together constitute a "safety barrier" located between two traffic lanes in opposite directions, in order to modify the trajectory of a vehicle in distress and to force it to remain on the lane in the direction in which it is traveling.

Les lisses et les supports sont conçus de telle manière qu'ils cèdent progressivement lors du choc d'un véhicule et qu'ils opposent à la force de percussion une contre-force absorbant l'énergie cinétique et tendent à ramener le véhicule sur sa voie.The beams and the supports are designed in such a way that they gradually give way upon the impact of a vehicle and that they oppose the percussion force against a force absorbing kinetic energy and tend to bring the vehicle back on its track. .

Il est clair que les calculs qui président à la conception de ces barrières de sécurité prennent en compte la masse et la vitesse de certains véhicules seulement : les voitures de tourisme et les véhicules légers.It is clear that the calculations governing the design of these safety barriers take into account the mass and speed of certain vehicles only: passenger cars and light vehicles.

En outre, la hauteur des lisses est calculée pour agir au-dessous du niveau des glaces latérales de ces véhicules et leurs formes tendent à éviter les composantes verticales qui pourraient soulever le véhicule percutant, avec tous les risques graves que cela comporte.In addition, the height of the rails is calculated to act below the level of the side windows of these vehicles and their shapes tend to avoid vertical components which could lift the impacting vehicle, with all the serious risks that this entails.

Les véhicules lourds : camions, autocars et autobus ne sont pas réellement protégés par ces dispositifs dont la flexibilité ne peut pas absorber à la fois l'énergie cinétique d'une petite voiture de sport et celle d'un semi-remorque de trente huit tonnes par exemple.Heavy vehicles: trucks, coaches and buses are not really protected by these devices, the flexibility of which cannot absorb both the kinetic energy of a small sports car and that of a thirty-eight-ton semi-trailer for example.

En revanche, selon le principe qui énonce que "qui peut le plus peut le moins", les dispositifs rigides sont conçus en prenant d'abord en compte les poids lourds.On the other hand, according to the principle which states that "who can do more can do less", rigid devices are designed by taking heavyweights into account first.

Il s'agit généralement d'un muret continu en béton, substantiellement vertical, d'environ 80 centimètres de haut, qui est placé entre les deux voies pour les séparer de manière radicale.It is generally a continuous concrete wall, substantially vertical, about 80 centimeters high, which is placed between the two tracks to separate them radically.

Il faudrait des circonstances tout-à-fait exceptionnelles pour abattre, même très localement, un tel obstacle et l'expérience montre qu'en effet un gros véhicule est efficacement repoussé vers sa voie de circulation sans pour autant occasionner de dégâts graves au muret.It would take completely exceptional circumstances to knock down, even very locally, such an obstacle and experience shows that indeed a large vehicle is effectively pushed back towards its lane without causing serious damage to the wall.

Mais il n'en est pas de même pour les véhicules légers, notamment en raison de la forme que l'on donne à la section transversale du muret.But it is not the same for light vehicles, in particular because of the shape that is given to the cross section of the wall.

Les conditions de fabrication d'un muret continu (en une seule tenant) sont toujours difficiles car il faut couler le béton sur place, dans le minimum de temps et même en occupant le minimum de place quand on ne veut pas ou quand on ne peut pas interrompre la circulation des véhicules.The conditions for manufacturing a continuous wall (in one piece) are always difficult because you have to pour the concrete on site, in the minimum time and even occupying the minimum space when you do not want or when you can not not interrupt vehicle traffic.

Ces conditions de fabrication sur place font que l'on adopte, actuellement, ces murets continus pour les constructions neuves qui se font en chantiers fermés.These on-site manufacturing conditions mean that we are currently adopting these continuous walls for new constructions that are done in closed construction sites.

Pour réaliser l'ouvrage malgré toutes ces contraintes, les techniciens du génie civil ont adopté une section propice à l'utilisation de coffrages glissants dont on connaît l'excellente productivité.To carry out the work despite all these constraints, the civil engineering technicians have adopted a section conducive to the use of sliding formwork of which we know the excellent productivity.

Cela a conduit à un muret continu de type pratiquement standardisé, connu sous le nom de "profil de New Jersey", du nom de l'état des Etats-Unis d'Amérique où il a été adopté en premier.This led to a practically standardized type low wall, known as the "New Jersey profile", named after the state of the United States of America where it was first adopted.

Or, ce profil s'avère particulièrement défavorable aux véhicules légers car, en cas de percussion, il provoque un premier impact violent, favorisant une vitesse d'écart (ou "de sortie") de la barrière très importante, ainsi qu'un angle de renvoi très grand, ce qui est en soi extrêmement grave puisque cela occasionne des risques de collisions avec d'autres véhicules ou avec d'autres obstacles et peut projeter le véhicules dans le fossé latéral opposé à la barrière de sécurité, contre un mur etc.However, this profile is particularly unfavorable to light vehicles because, in the event of percussion, it causes a first violent impact, favoring a very large speed of deviation (or "exit") from the barrier, as well as an angle very large deflection, which in itself is extremely serious since this creates the risk of collisions with other vehicles or with other obstacles and may project the vehicle into the lateral ditch opposite the safety barrier, against a wall, etc. .

Ce n'est pas tout, car le profil de New Jersey présente deux flancs concaves, légérement convergents, montant vers le sommet en prenant naissance au-dessus d'une embase et chacun de ces flancs se comporte pour un véhicule léger comme un véritable tremplin, du fait d'une relation très défavorable entre le diamètre moyen des roues de véhicules de tourisme et la hauteur de l'embase et du fait du couple adhérent béton-caoutchouc car ce sont les pneus qui sont d'abord au contact du muret.This is not all, because the profile of New Jersey has two concave flanks, slightly convergent, rising towards the top by taking birth above a base and each of these flanks behaves for a light vehicle like a real springboard , due to a very unfavorable relationship between the average diameter of the wheels of passenger vehicles and the height of the base and due to the concrete-rubber grip couple because it is the tires that are first in contact with the wall.

Si les roues de véhicules étaient maintenues latéralement par la face verticale de l'embase, on pourrait espérer que le véhicule reste écarté du muret et soit repoussé vers la voie de circulation. Mais il n'en est rien car l'embase est bien trop basse pour retenir longtemps les roues : elle ne le fait que très provisoirement à hauteur des pneus (et non du voile de roue rigide) et leur permet rapidement de monter, comme sur un petit trottoir pris de biais, ce qui libère brusquement l'énergie cinétique au moment où les roues (au moins une roue) atteignent le flanc ascendant.If the vehicle wheels were held laterally by the vertical face of the base, it could be hoped that the vehicle would remain away from the wall and be pushed back towards the traffic lane. But this is not the case because the base is much too low to hold the wheels for a long time: it does so only very temporarily at the level of the tires (and not of the rigid wheel veil) and allows them to quickly mount, as on a small sidewalk taken at an angle, which suddenly releases kinetic energy when the wheels (at least one wheel) reach the rising edge.

Aussitôt le véhicule est projeté vers le haut du fait de la composante verticale introduite par le flanc, et le véhicule déstabilisé peut se retourner lors de sa trajectoire "de sortie" de la barrière.Immediately the vehicle is thrown upward due to the vertical component introduced by the sidewall, and the destabilized vehicle can turn over during its "exit" trajectory from the barrier.

Ces deux dispositifs, respectivement déformable et rigide, sont incompatibles entre eux car les lisses ont été conçues pour être associées à des supports verticaux flexibles, dont la fonction d'amortissement par flexions graduées successives est le fondement même des barrière de sécurité de type flexible.These two devices, respectively deformable and rigid, are incompatible with each other because the beams have been designed to be associated with flexible vertical supports, the damping function of which by successive graduated bending is the very foundation of flexible type safety barriers.

Cependant, on a déjà associé un muret en béton et au moins une lisse métallique.However, we have already associated a concrete wall and at least one metal rail.

Le brevet FR-A-2.479.301 décrit un dispositif de sécurité comprenant des blocs préfabriqués posés les uns à la suite des autres et sur lesquels on fixe des lisses métalliques démontables fixées à des supports fichés au sommet des blocs, ceux-ci ayant une hauteur très faible afin que les lisses soient situées sensiblement à leur hauteur habituelle, soit environ 70 centimètres.The patent FR-A-2,479,301 describes a safety device comprising prefabricated blocks placed one after the other and on which fixed removable metal rails fixed to supports plugged into the top of the blocks, these having a very low height so that the beams are located substantially at their usual height, that is to say about 70 centimeters.

En fait, le système décrit dans ce brevet est essentiellement destiné à une implantation provisoire, raison pour laquelle les blocs sont courts pour être peu volumineux, et donc légers et facilement transportables, tandis que les lisses de grandes longueurs sont fixées aux supports par des boulons pour pouvoir être mises en place et retirées aisément.In fact, the system described in this patent is essentially intended for a temporary implantation, reason for which the blocks are short to be not very bulky, and therefore light and easily transportable, while the beams of great lengths are fixed to the supports by bolts so that they can be put on and taken off easily.

Mais, même s'il s'agissait d'un dispositif installé à demeure, les blocs et les lisses joueraient toujours deux rôles distincts, comme cela est expliqué dans la description de ce brevet, du fait qu'ils agissent l'un après l'autre : d'abord les blocs reçoivent le choc des roues de véhicules et les repoussent vers le haut et ensuite une lisse reçoit éventuellement les roues soulevées.But, even if it were a permanently installed device, the blocks and the beams would still play two distinct roles, as explained in the description of this patent, because they act one after the other. 'other: first the blocks receive the shock of the vehicle wheels and push them upwards and then a smooth eventually receives the raised wheels.

Les deux éléments blocs et lisse ne sont donc pas combinés en un ensemble unique mais simplement juxtaposés, chacun d'eux ne jouant que son rôle individuel, simple et connu.The two block and smooth elements are therefore not combined into a single whole but simply juxtaposed, each of them playing only its individual, simple and known role.

Le brevet FR-A-2.584.112 décrit un dispositif tout-à-fait semblable au précédent puisqu'il comprend des socles en béton amovibles au-dessus desquels sont fixés des potelets verticaux devant recevoir une ou deux lisses fixées de façon classique.The patent FR-A-2,584,112 describes a device quite similar to the previous one since it comprises removable concrete bases above which vertical posts are fixed, having to receive one or two beams fixed in the conventional manner.

Les deux structures de ces deux brevets étant pratiquement identiques, les remarques faites ci-dessus à propos du brevet FR-A-2.479.301 s'appliquent en tous points au brevet FR-A-2.584.112.The two structures of these two patents being practically identical, the remarks made above with regard to patent FR-A-2,479,301 apply in all points to patent FR-A-2,584,112.

Par ailleurs, on connaît des dispositifs protecteurs appelés "guide-roue" ou "chasse-roue" qui sont placés très bas afin de se trouver sensiblement à la hauteur des roues de véhicules.In addition, protective devices known as "wheel guides" or "wheel guards" are known which are placed very low so as to be substantially at the height of the vehicle wheels.

Ces dispositifs ne peuvent pas absorber d'énergie car ils agissent dans la direction perpendiculaire au plan des roues, sur des parties mécaniques telles que la direction, la suspension, les essieux, qui présentent le plus grand moment d'inertie et qui, par conséquent, ne peuvent pas du tout se déformer.These devices cannot absorb energy because they act in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the wheels, on mechanical parts such as the steering, the suspension, the axles, which have the greatest moment of inertia and which consequently , cannot distort at all.

Du fait de leur conception même, il est impossible de garantir que le contact d'un véhicule avec ces chasse-roue se fera franchement par la roue rigide proprement dite et non par le pneu. Or, l'élasticité des pneus et leur assujettissement très léger à la jante de la roue ont pour conséquence soit un arrachement du pneu, soit un rebond élastique tout à fait dangereux.By their very design, it is impossible to guarantee that the contact of a vehicle with these wheel guards will be made frankly by the rigid wheel proper and not by the tire. However, the elasticity of the tires and their very slight subjection to the rim of the wheel results in either a tearing of the tire or a completely dangerous elastic rebound.

Pour illustrer un dispositif de ce type, on peut citer :
   - le document de brevet DE-U-7.439.889 qui décrit un ensemble comprenant un mur en béton et des éléments élastiques latéraux. Le mur possède deux semelles horizontales devant être scellées dans le sol de sorte que les roues d'un véhicule en perdition roulent sur ces semelles et les cotes indiquées par ce document (voir figures 1 et 2) démontrent que les éléments élastiques sont bien situés à la hauteur des roues.To illustrate a device of this type, we can cite:
- Patent document DE-U-7.439.889 which describes an assembly comprising a concrete wall and lateral elastic elements. The wall has two horizontal flanges which must be sealed in the ground so that the wheels of a sinking vehicle roll on these flanges and the dimensions indicated by this document (see Figures 1 and 2) demonstrate that the elastic elements are well located the height of the wheels.

La quasi indéformabilité des véhicules au niveau de leurs roues, rend nécessaire la présence des pièces élastiques 2 et 4 en caoutchouc qui cèdent lors d'un choc et reprennent leur forme initiale en renvoyant le véhicule par rebond vers la route sans absorber la moindre énergie puisque celle qui a comprimé les pièces lors du choc est restituée au véhicule lorsque ces pièces reprennent leur forme initiale.The almost indeformability of vehicles at their wheels, makes it necessary the presence of elastic rubber parts 2 and 4 which give way during an impact and resume their initial shape by returning the vehicle by rebound towards the road without absorbing any energy since that which compressed the parts during the impact is returned to the vehicle when these parts return to their initial shape.

En d'autres termes, ce dispositif est conforme à tous les chasse-roue : il est destiné à repousser les véhicules vers la voie de circulation, fût-ce au prix du danger très grave de projeter le véhicule vers une voie où circulent d'autres véhicules.In other words, this device complies with all wheel guards: it is intended to repel vehicles towards the traffic lane, even at the cost of the very serious danger of projecting the vehicle towards a lane where traffic circulates. other vehicles.

Ce risque est accepté car il est aléatoire alors que l'on veut éviter un danger majeur tel que le franchissement d'un parapet de pont au-dessus d'une rivière ou la percussion d'un mur. En effet, les chasse-roue sont installés en priorité pour protéger un ouvrage ou pour épargner au conducteur un risque mortel, auquel cas on choisit bien évidemment le risque éventuel plutôt que le risque certain.
   - le document de brevet EP-A-0.343.091 qui décrit un chasse-roue amélioré du fait que l'on privilégie le glissement longitudinal afin d'éviter les rebonds extrêmement dangereux (voir en particulier colonne 5 lignes 6-7, 10-13, 17-18, 48-49, 54-58 et colonne 6 lignes 28-36).This risk is accepted because it is random when we want to avoid a major danger such as crossing a bridge parapet over a river or striking a wall. Indeed, the wheel guards are installed as a priority to protect a structure or to save the driver a fatal risk, in which case we obviously choose the possible risk rather than the certain risk.
- the patent document EP-A-0.343.091 which describes an improved wheel guard due to the fact that longitudinal sliding is preferred in order to avoid extremely dangerous rebounds (see in particular column 5 lines 6-7, 10- 13, 17-18, 48-49, 54-58 and column 6 lines 28-36).

On connaît également le document de brevet FR-A-2.086.626 qui, comme les chasse-roue, a pour but de protéger un ouvrage (page 4 lignes 18 à 21) et qui prend en compte les véhicules lourds qui pourraient n'être pas déviés par un chasse roue.We also know the patent document FR-A-2,086,626 which, like the wheel guards, aims to protect a structure (page 4 lines 18 to 21) and which takes into account heavy vehicles which might not be not deflected by a wheel chaser.

Il suppose une diminution de la largeur de la voie de circulation car il faut installer un barrage qui n'est pas fixé au sol mais au contraire monté mobile afin de reculer et de s'opposer graduellement aux efforts de poussée d'un véhicule en lui opposant une masse de grande inertie. En outre, afin d'éviter le déplacement longitudinal du barrage, on prévoit des butées 12 ancrées dans le sol et servant de guide au barrage dans le sens perpendiculaire à celui-ci.It supposes a reduction in the width of the traffic lane because it is necessary to install a barrier which is not fixed to the ground but on the contrary mounted mobile in order to retreat and to gradually oppose the pushing forces of a vehicle in it opposing a mass of great inertia. In addition, in order to avoid the longitudinal displacement of the dam, stops 12 are provided anchored in the ground and serving as a guide for the dam in the direction perpendicular thereto.

La présente invention propose une solution nouvelle qui consiste à combiner en un seul ensemble deux fonctions qui entrent en jeu successivement : l'une faite de souplesse est adaptée aux chocs des véhicules légers et l'autre, faite de fixité, de rigidité, s'oppose par la force aux chocs des véhicules lourds.The present invention proposes a new solution which consists in combining in a single set two functions which come into play successively: one made of flexibility is adapted to the shocks of light vehicles and the other, made of fixity, rigidity, s' forcibly oppose the impact of heavy vehicles.

A cette fin, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif de sécurité devant être installé le long d'une voie destinée à la circulation de véhicules, du type comprenant au moins un appui substantiellement vertical et de nature indéformable ainsi qu'au moins une lisse continue maintenue à une hauteur donnée par rapport au plan de la voie pour être supérieure à la hauteur des roues de véhicules de type léger, tel que les voitures de tourisme, caractérisé en ce que l'appui, tel qu'un muret en béton, est fixe et indéplaçable et présente au moins un flanc longitudinal de hauteur supérieure à la hauteur donnée par rapport au plan de la voie et sur lequel est fixé un ensemble de nature déformable non élastique composé d'au moins une lisse continue parallèle au flanc de l'appui et d'éléments déformables non élastiques intercalés entre la lisse et le flanc de l'appui.To this end, the subject of the invention is a safety device to be installed along a track intended for the circulation of vehicles, of the type comprising at least one substantially vertical support and of non-deformable nature as well as at least one stringer continuous maintained at a given height with respect to the track plane to be greater than the height of the wheels of light type vehicles, such as passenger cars, characterized in that the support, such as a concrete wall, is fixed and non-displaceable and has at least one longitudinal sidewall of height greater than the height given with respect to the plane of the track and on which is fixed a set of non-elastic deformable nature composed of at least one continuous rail parallel to the side of the 'support and non-elastic deformable elements interposed between the arm and the side of the support.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :

  • l'appui est continu;
  • les éléments déformables non élastiques sont distincts de la lisse;
  • les éléments déformables non élastiques sont solidaires de la lisse;
  • les éléments déformables non élastiques sont constitués par des parties en une seule pièce avec la lisse;
  • les éléments déformables non élastiques sont distincts des supports;
  • les éléments déformables non élastiques sont solidaires des supports;
  • les éléments déformables non élastiques sont constitués par des ailes en une seule pièce avec chaque support;
  • la lisse est constituée par des segments de profilés métalliques raccordés longitudinalement;
  • la lisse est constituée par des segments raccordés longitudinalement d'au moins un câble;
  • la lisse est constituée par des segments raccordés longitudinalement de profilés non métalliques;
  • chaque support est constitué par un étrier comprenant une face médiane appliquée et fixée contre l'appui vertical et deux ailes substantiellement perpendiculaires à ladite face médiane, ailes qui reçoivent la lisse;
  • la lisse et les supports sont montés mobiles l'une par rapport aux autres afin de rendre possible un mouvement relatif entre eux lors d'un effort exercé sur la lisse;
  • l'ensemble déformable non élastique est constitué par un caisson déformable par écrasement;
  • le dispositif comprend des supports en U dont une branche est fixée à l'appui et l'autre près du haut du caisson, chacun de ces supports étant susceptible de se déformer par ouverture du U, en favorisant la déformation du caisson vers le bas;
  • le caisson contient un matériau flexible tel qu'une mousse plastique, des billes ou analogue;
  • la lisse est un profilé qui présente une face utile bombée;
  • la lisse est un profilé qui présente une face utile nervurée;
  • la face utile de la lisse est prolongée par au moins un flanc;
  • le flanc est prolongé par une aile cintrée;
  • l'aile est cintrée vers l'intérieur du profilé;
  • l'aile est cintrée vers l'extérieur du profilé;
  • l'aile cintrée est située à la partie inférieure de la lisse et est appliquée contre l'appui, sans fixation;
  • l'aile est située à la partie supérieure de la lisse et est appliquée contre l'appui auquel elle est fixée;
  • la lisse a une section sensiblement en n, c'est-à-dire qu'elle présente une face, deux flancs convergents et deux ailes divergentes opposées, respectivement supérieure et inférieure appliquées contre l'appui, seule l'aile supérieure étant fixée à l'appui, l'aile inférieure devant glisser contre l'appui quand, par suite d'un choc, la lisse se déforme.
According to other characteristics of the invention:
  • support is continuous;
  • the non-elastic deformable elements are distinct from the stringer;
  • the non-elastic deformable elements are integral with the heald;
  • the non-elastic deformable elements consist of parts in one piece with the heald;
  • the non-elastic deformable elements are distinct from the supports;
  • the non-elastic deformable elements are integral with the supports;
  • the non-elastic deformable elements consist of wings in one piece with each support;
  • the heald consists of segments of metal sections connected longitudinally;
  • the heald consists of segments connected longitudinally of at least one cable;
  • the heald consists of longitudinally connected segments of non-metallic profiles;
  • each support is constituted by a stirrup comprising a median face applied and fixed against the vertical support and two wings substantially perpendicular to said median face, wings which receive the arm;
  • the heald and the supports are mounted movable relative to one another in order to make possible a relative movement between them during a force exerted on the heald;
  • the non-elastic deformable assembly consists of a box deformable by crushing;
  • the device comprises U-shaped supports, one branch of which is fixed to the support and the other near the top of the box, each of these supports being able to deform by opening the U, favoring the deformation of the box down;
  • the box contains a flexible material such as plastic foam, beads or the like;
  • the heddle is a profile which has a curved useful face;
  • the heddle is a profile which has a ribbed useful face;
  • the useful face of the heald is extended by at least one side;
  • the flank is extended by a curved wing;
  • the wing is curved towards the inside of the profile;
  • the wing is curved towards the outside of the profile;
  • the curved wing is located at the lower part of the beam and is applied against the support, without fixing;
  • the wing is located at the top of the heddle and is applied against the support to which it is fixed;
  • the heald has a section substantially in n, that is to say that it has a face, two converging flanks and two opposite divergent wings, respectively upper and lower applied against the support, only the upper wing being fixed to the support, the lower wing having to slide against the support when, as a result of an impact, the boom deforms.

L'invention sera mieux comprise par la description détaillée ci-après faite en référence au dessin annexé. Bien entendu, la description et le dessin ne sont donnés qu'à titre d'exemple indicatif et non limitatif.The invention will be better understood from the detailed description below made with reference to the accompanying drawing. Of course, the description and the drawing are given only by way of an indicative and nonlimiting example.

La figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe d'un dispositif de sécurité conforme à l'invention, montrant un premier mode de réalisation.Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a safety device according to the invention, showing a first embodiment.

La figure 2 est une vue schématique en coupe d'une lisse conforme au mode de réalisation de la figure 1.FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a heddle according to the embodiment of FIG. 1.

La figure 3 est une vue schématique en coupe d'un élément déformable adapté au mode de réalisation de la figure 1.FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a deformable element adapted to the embodiment of FIG. 1.

La figure 4 est une vue schématique en coupe d'un support adapté au mode de réalisation de la figure 1.FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a support adapted to the embodiment of FIG. 1.

La figure 5 est une vue schématique en perspective montrant les différents composants du dispositif de sécurité de la figure 1, à savoir un appui fixe continu, des supports, des éléments déformables et une lisse continue.Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view showing the various components of the safety device of Figure 1, namely a continuous fixed support, supports, deformable elements and a continuous rail.

La figure 6 est une vue schématique en coupe montrant à plus grande échelle le dispositif de la figure 1.FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view showing on a larger scale the device of FIG. 1.

La figure 7 est une vue schématique en coupe montrant le profil d'une lisse conforme à l'invention propice au maintien au sol d'un véhicule qui la heurte.Figure 7 is a schematic sectional view showing the profile of a heddle according to the invention conducive to the maintenance on the ground of a vehicle which strikes it.

La figure 8 est une vue schématique en coupe montrant une variante du dispositif de la figure 1.FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view showing a variant of the device in FIG. 1.

La figure 9 est une vue schématique en coupe d'un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention.Figure 9 is a schematic sectional view of another embodiment of the invention.

La figure 10 est une vue schématique en coupe montrant une variante du mode de réalisation de la figure 8.FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view showing a variant of the embodiment of FIG. 8.

La figure 11 est une vue schématique en coupe montrant une mode de réalisation de l'invention selon lequel la lisse a une section sensiblement rectangulaire, susceptible de se déformer vers le bas, en parallélogramme.Figure 11 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment of the invention according to which the heddle has a substantially rectangular section, capable of deforming downwards, in a parallelogram.

La figure 12 est une vue schématique en coupe montrant un mode de réalisation selon lequel le dispositif comprend des éléments déformables solidaires de la lisse, celle-ci étant en outre conformée pour présenter des éléments déformables en butée contre le flanc de l'appui.Figure 12 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment according to which the device comprises deformable elements integral with the heald, the latter being further shaped to present deformable elements in abutment against the side of the support.

Les figures 13 à 15 sont des vues schématiques en coupe montrant des variantes d'un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, selon lequel la lisse est susceptible de se déformer vers le bas par glissement par rapport à l'appui.Figures 13 to 15 are schematic sectional views showing variants of another embodiment of the invention, according to which the heddle is capable of deforming downwards by sliding relative to the support.

La figure 16 est une vue schématique montrant la constitution d'un dispositif conforme à l'invention selon un mode de réalisation qui prévoit que la lisse est constituée par des câbles.Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the constitution of a device according to the invention according to an embodiment which provides that the rail is formed by cables.

En se reportant aux figures 1 à 6, on voit un dispositif conforme à l'invention qui comprend un appui rigide et solide 1 constitué par un muret continu en béton présentant deux flancs longitudinaux 2 et 3 substantiellement verticaux et situés au-dessus de plans inclinés 4 et 5 s'élevant depuis une embase 6 qui, ici, possède une semelle 7 servant de fondation dans le sol A. Le sol A est, en fait, un revêtement plus ou moins épais et complexe selon la nature du terrain et sa face supérieure B constitue le plan de la voie qui reçoit directement les véhicules.Referring to Figures 1 to 6, we see a device according to the invention which comprises a rigid and solid support 1 consisting of a continuous concrete wall having two longitudinal sides 2 and 3 substantially vertical and located above inclined planes 4 and 5 rising from a base 6 which, here, has a sole 7 serving as a foundation in the soil A. The soil A is, in fact, a more or less thick and complex coating depending on the nature of the ground and its face upper B constitutes the track plan which directly receives the vehicles.

Ici, cette voie est une chaussée de route ou d'autoroute mais il pourrait s'agir de voies privées, de circuits de compétition, de circuits d'essais ou d'épreuve, d'aires de stationnement, de chargement/déchargement, etc.Here, this road is a road or motorway pavement, but it could be private roads, competition circuits, test or test circuits, parking areas, loading / unloading, etc. .

A partir du plan B de la chaussée, la hauteur C de l'appui, ou muret, 1 et la distance D1 correspondant à la hauteur de l'embase 6 sont respectivement d'environ 80 et 8 centimètres.From the plane B of the road, the height C of the support, or low wall, 1 and the distance D1 corresponding to the height of the base 6 are respectively about 80 and 8 centimeters.

La structure retenue pour illustrer l'invention est connue sous le nom de "profil de New Jersey".The structure chosen to illustrate the invention is known as the "New Jersey profile".

Sur les flancs 2 et 3, se trouvent deux ensembles 100 de nature déformable (mais inélastique), alors que le muret 1 est de nature indéformable, de sorte que ces ensembles 100 sont adossés au muret 1. Chacun de ces ensembles 100 comprend une lisse 101, des éléments déformables inélastiques 102 et des supports 103 fixés au muret en béton 1.On the sides 2 and 3, there are two sets 100 of deformable (but inelastic) nature, while the wall 1 is of non-deformable nature, so that these sets 100 are leaned against the wall 1. Each of these sets 100 includes a rail 101, inelastic deformable elements 102 and supports 103 fixed to the concrete wall 1.

La lisse 101 est de longueur indéfinie et résulte de la mise en place bout à bout, avec ou sans recouvrement des extrémités, de segments constitués chacun d'un profilé métallique. Ce profilé est de forme bombée et présente une face utile 104 constituant une partie centrale comprise entre deux ailes 105 et 106, deux trous lisses 107 et 108 étant ménagés de place en place dans ces ailes 105 et 106, en vue de la fixation de la lisse 101, comme on le décrira plus loin.The heald 101 is of indefinite length and results from the end-to-end installation, with or without covering the ends, of segments each consisting of a metal profile. This profile is of domed shape and has a useful face 104 constituting a central part between two wings 105 and 106, two smooth holes 107 and 108 being formed from place to place in these wings 105 and 106, for the purpose of fixing the smooth 101, as will be described later.

Chacun des éléments déformables inélastiques 102 est formé par une tôle pliée qui présente une partie centrale 110 et deux joues 111 et 112, une lumière 113 étant prévue au centre de la partie centrale 110 en vue de la fixation de l'élément 102, comme on le décrira plus loin.Each of the inelastic deformable elements 102 is formed by a folded sheet which has a central part 110 and two cheeks 111 and 112, a light 113 being provided in the center of the central part 110 for the purpose of fixing the element 102, as is will describe it later.

Chacun des supports 103 est formé d'une pièce en forme d'étrier, c'est-à-dire comportant une face médiane 115 et deux ailes supérieure 116 et inférieure 117, substantiellement perpendiculaires à la face médiane 115, une lumière 118 étant prévue au centre de ladite face médiane 115 en vue de la fixation du support 103, comme on le décrira plus loin.Each of the supports 103 is formed of a piece in the shape of a stirrup, that is to say comprising a middle face 115 and two upper wings 116 and lower 117, substantially perpendicular to the middle face 115, a light 118 being provided. at the center of said middle face 115 for the purpose of fixing the support 103, as will be described below.

Les ailes 116 et 117 présentent chacune un trou lisse respectivement 120 et 121 en regard desquels des écrous 122 et 123 sont placés, sur la face intérieure des ailes 116 et 117, et y sont fixés par des soudures 124 et 125.The wings 116 and 117 each have a smooth hole respectively 120 and 121 opposite which nuts 122 and 123 are placed, on the inner face of the wings 116 and 117, and are fixed there by welds 124 and 125.

La mise en place d'un ensemble 100 se fait de la manière suivante :The establishment of a set 100 is done as follows:

Sur le muret 1, on fixe les éléments déformables 102 et les supports 103, par exemple au moyen d'organes métalliques enfoncés à force, généralement au moyen de pistolets pneumatiques ("splits"). Ici, on prévoit des tubes taraudés 8 mis en place par tout moyen connu : ou bien en insert avant la prise du béton, ou bien par perçage après la prise du béton, afin de constituer autant de trous pour la fixation ultérieure de boulons, par vissage.On the wall 1, the deformable elements 102 and the supports 103 are fixed, for example by means of metal members forcibly inserted, generally by means of pneumatic guns ("splits"). Here, there are provided tapped tubes 8 put in place by any known means: either as an insert before the setting of the concrete, or else by drilling after the setting of the concrete, in order to constitute as many holes for the subsequent fixing of bolts, by screwing.

L'entraxe de ces trous 8 le long du muret 1 est établi en fonction du nombre d'éléments déformables 102 et du nombre de supports 103 que l'on prévoit par unité de longueur.The distance between these holes 8 along the wall 1 is established as a function of the number of deformable elements 102 and the number of supports 103 which are provided per unit of length.

Comme le suggère la figure 5, on met en place chaque élément déformable 102 en appliquant sa partie centrale 110 contre le muret 1, les joues 111 et 112 étant dans des plans verticaux, substantiellement perpendiculaires au flanc 2-3 du muret 1, et l'on ajuste la lumière 113 en regard d'un trou de fixation 8. Puis, on engage un boulon 130 dans la lumière 113 (éventuellement avec interposition d'une rondelle de tout type connu, non représentée) et on le visse dans le trou de fixation 8. Ainsi que cela est bien connu en soi, la lumière oblongue 113 permet d'ajuster la hauteur exacte à laquelle on doit fixer l'élément 102, par référence au plan de la chaussée B.As suggested in FIG. 5, each deformable element 102 is put in place by applying its central part 110 against the wall 1, the cheeks 111 and 112 being in vertical planes, substantially perpendicular to the side 2-3 of the wall 1, and l 'the light 113 is adjusted opposite a fixing hole 8. Then, we engage a bolt 130 in the light 113 (possibly with the interposition of a washer of any known type, not shown) and we screw it into the hole fixing 8. As is well known per se, the oblong light 113 makes it possible to adjust the exact height to which the element 102 must be fixed, with reference to the plane of the roadway B.

Ensuite, comme le suggère également la figure 5, on met en place chaque support 103 en appliquant sa face médiane 115 contre le muret 1, les ailes 116 et 117 étant dans des plans plus ou moins obliques, comme on le précisera plus loin, substantiellement perpendiculaires au flanc 2-3 du muret 1, et l'on ajuste la lumière 118 en regard d'un trou de fixation 8. Puis, on engage un boulon 131 dans la lumière 118 (éventuellement avec interposition d'une rondelle de tout type connu, non représentée) et on le visse dans le trou de fixation 8. Ainsi que cela est bien connu en soi, la lumière oblongue 118 permet d'ajuster la hauteur exacte à laquelle on doit fixer le support 103, par référence au plan de la chaussée B.Then, as also suggested in FIG. 5, each support 103 is put in place by applying its median face 115 against the wall 1, the wings 116 and 117 being in more or less oblique planes, as will be explained below, substantially perpendicular to the side 2-3 of the wall 1, and the light 118 is adjusted opposite a fixing hole 8. Then, we engage a bolt 131 in the light 118 (possibly with the interposition of a washer of any type known, not shown) and it is screwed into the fixing hole 8. As is well known per se, the oblong light 118 makes it possible to adjust the exact height to which the support 103 must be fixed, with reference to the plane of pavement B.

L'entraxe de deux supports 103 doit correspondre, évidemment, à celui des trous 107 et 108 de la lisse 101 car, après mise en place et fixation d'un certain nombre d'éléments déformables 102 et de supports 103, on place la lisse 101 de telle sorte que ses ailes 105 et 106 se placent à l'extérieur des ailes 116 et 117 des supports 103 et coiffent les joues 111 et 112 des éléments déformables 102, comme cela est indiqué en pointillés sur la partie droite de la figure 5.The spacing of two supports 103 must obviously correspond to that of the holes 107 and 108 of the heald 101 because, after fitting and fixing a certain number of deformable elements 102 and supports 103, the heald is placed 101 so that its wings 105 and 106 are placed outside the wings 116 and 117 of the supports 103 and cover the cheeks 111 and 112 with deformable elements 102, as indicated by dotted lines on the right-hand side of FIG. 5 .

On introduit alors des boulons 132 et 133 dans les trous alignés 107-120 et 108-121 (figure 6) et on les visse dans les écrous soudés 122 et 123.Then bolts 132 and 133 are introduced into the aligned holes 107-120 and 108-121 (FIG. 6) and they are screwed into the welded nuts 122 and 123.

On a ainsi fixé les éléments déformables 102 et les supports 103 dans le muret 1, puis on a fixé la lisse 101, segment de profilé par segment de profilé, aux supports 103, par les boulons 132 et 133.The deformable elements 102 and the supports 103 were thus fixed in the low wall 1, then the rail 101, section segment by section segment, was fixed to the supports 103, by bolts 132 and 133.

Ainsi que cela est connu en soi, une lisse doit avoir un profil plus ou moins oblique par rapport à l'horizontale. Quant à sa hauteur, elle est traditionnellement choisie pour qu'un contact avec un véhicule de tourisme l'abordant de biais se produise au-dessous du niveau inférieur des glaces latérales du véhicule.As is known per se, a heddle must have a more or less oblique profile with respect to the horizontal. As for its height, it is traditionally chosen so that contact with a passenger vehicle approaching it at an angle occurs below the lower level of the side windows of the vehicle.

Cette disposition ne tient pas compte des formes et des dimensions des véhicules plus lourds : camions, autobus et autocars auxquelles on ne sait opposer qu'un muret en béton.This provision does not take into account the shapes and dimensions of heavier vehicles: trucks, buses and coaches to which we can only oppose a concrete low wall.

L'invention, quant à elle, prend en considération tous les véhicules et les ensembles déformables 100 sont situés à une hauteur telle qu'ils puissent réagir non seulement à des chocs se produisant à niveau mais aussi à des chocs dirigés de bas en haut, du fait, en particulier, de l'existence des plans inclinés 4 et 5 qui, on l'a rappelé plus haut, apportent une composante verticale ascendante à un véhicule dont une roue au moins franchit la hauteur D1 et roule sur le plan incliné 5 dans un sens de circulation et sur le plan incliné 4 dans le sens de circulation opposé.The invention, for its part, takes into consideration all the vehicles and the deformable assemblies 100 are situated at a height such that they can react not only to shocks occurring at level but also to shocks directed from bottom to top, due, in particular, to the existence of inclined planes 4 and 5 which, as mentioned above, provide an ascending vertical component to a vehicle of which at least one wheel crosses the height D1 and rolls on the inclined plane 5 in a direction of circulation and on the inclined plane 4 in the opposite direction of circulation.

Pour un ensemble déformable 100 du type des figures 1 à 6, on fixe à environ 70 centimètres la hauteur H à laquelle se trouvent les trous de fixation 8 (figures 1 et 5) et, en l'occurrence, la ligne de niveau centrale de la lisse 101, ce qui est nettement au-dessus des roues standards des véhicules de tourisme et au-dessous des surfaces vitrées.For a deformable assembly 100 of the type of FIGS. 1 to 6, the height H at which the fixing holes 8 (FIGS. 1 and 5) and, in this case, the central level line of the heald 101, which is clearly above the standard wheels of passenger vehicles and below the glass surfaces.

On remarque qu'après montage, la lisse 101 est posée de telle manière que les bords libres 140 et 141 de ses ailes 105 et 106 (figures 5 et 6) soient pratiquement en appui contre le muret 1, de sorte que l'ensemble déformable 100 qui en résulte a une structure de caisson compartimenté par les joues 111 et 112 des éléments déformables 102.Note that after assembly, the rail 101 is placed so that the free edges 140 and 141 of its wings 105 and 106 (Figures 5 and 6) are substantially in abutment against the wall 1, so that the deformable assembly 100 which results therefrom has a box structure compartmentalized by the cheeks 111 and 112 of the deformable elements 102.

Les bords libres 142 et 143 des joues 111 et 112 opposés au muret 1 pourraient présenter le même profil courbe que l'intérieur de la face utile 104 de la lisse 101 bombée. Dans ce cas, les joues 111 et 112 constitueraient de véritables entretoises entre le muret 1 et la lisse 101.The free edges 142 and 143 of the cheeks 111 and 112 opposite the wall 1 could have the same curved profile as the interior of the useful face 104 of the curved heald 101. In this case, the cheeks 111 and 112 would constitute real spacers between the wall 1 and the rail 101.

Ici, on a choisi un exemple selon lequel on ménage un espace E1 entre l'intérieur de la face utile 104 et les bords libres 142 et 143 des joues 111 et 112 (figure 6) en établissant ces bords libres 142 et 143 de manière rectiligne alors que l'intérieur de la face utile 104 est, par rapport à ces bords, concave.Here, we have chosen an example according to which a space E1 is spared between the interior of the useful face 104 and the free edges 142 and 143 of the cheeks 111 and 112 (FIG. 6) by establishing these free edges 142 and 143 in a rectilinear manner. while the interior of the useful face 104 is, relative to these edges, concave.

Il en résulte une plus grande souplesse de la lisse 101 pour des chocs bénins car la face utile 104 commence par se déformer jusqu'au(x) bord(s) 142 et/ou 143 intéressé(s) avant que les joues 111 et/ou 112 n'interviennent, soit en résistant sous un choc peu violent, soit en cédant plus ou moins par déformation inélastique.This results in greater flexibility of the stringer 101 for benign shocks because the useful face 104 begins by deforming up to the edge (s) 142 and / or 143 concerned before the cheeks 111 and / or 112 do not intervene, either by resisting under a mild shock, or by yielding more or less by inelastic deformation.

La structure en caisson d'un ensemble déformable 100 présente des avantages inconnus jusqu'à ce jour car les dispositifs de sécurité actuels comprennent toujours des supports verticaux pour une ou deux lisses et sont conçus pour encaisser les chocs par fléchissement et torsion des supports, c'est-à-dire par recul de la lisse percutée, ce qui est impossible en l'adossant à un muret rigide et fixe, comme c'est le cas de l'invention.The box structure of a deformable assembly 100 has advantages unknown to date because the current safety devices still include vertical supports for one or two beams and are designed to absorb shocks by bending and twisting the supports, c 'In other words, by retreating from the impacted heald, which is impossible by backing it against a rigid and fixed wall, as is the case with the invention.

En donnant à l'ensemble flexible conforme à l'invention une structure en caisson, on lui donne sa flexibilité propre, indépendante du support qui tient la lisse à bonne hauteur, en l'occurrence le muret 1.By giving the flexible assembly according to the invention a box structure, it is given its own flexibility, independent of the support which holds the beam at the right height, in this case the wall 1.

Un choc sur la lisse 101 est donc absorbé par l'ensemble lisse 101-élément(s) 102-support(s) 103, le muret 1 jouant le rôle (nouveau par rapport à l'état de la technique) de support de lisse à la manière de supports verticaux extrêmement rigides, contrairement aux supports connus qui sont nécessairement flexibles. Ce n'est qu'en cas d'écrasement total de l'ensemble 101-102-103, et après un tel écrasement, que le muret 1 joue son rôle de rempart mais pour un choc dont l'énergie cinétique a déjà été en partie absorbée, de sorte qu'à impact égal, le muret 1 de l'invention est beaucoup plus efficace puisqu'au lieu de renvoyer le véhicule avec une énergie correspondant au choc initial, il ne le fait que pour un choc amorti, absorbé par la déformation inélastique de l'ensemble 100. La vitesse de sortie de barrière est donc plus faible et les contraintes de renvoi sont moins agressives vis-à-vis du véhicule.A shock on the heald 101 is therefore absorbed by the heald assembly 101-element (s) 102-support (s) 103, the low wall 1 playing the role (new compared to the prior art) of heald support like extremely rigid vertical supports, unlike known supports which are necessarily flexible. It is only in the event of total crushing of the assembly 101-102-103, and after such a crushing, that the low wall 1 plays its role of bulwark but for a shock whose kinetic energy has already been in absorbed part, so that at equal impact, the low wall 1 of the invention is much more effective since instead of return the vehicle with an energy corresponding to the initial shock, it does so only for a damped shock, absorbed by the inelastic deformation of the assembly 100. The barrier exit speed is therefore lower and the return constraints are less aggressive vis-à-vis the vehicle.

Outre la flexibilité horizontale à laquelle on vient de faire allusion et qui sous-entend un choc intervenant pratiquement à la hauteur H de la lisse 101, un ensemble déformable 100 conforme à l'invention présente en plus une résistance verticale, du fait de sa structure en caisson car il ne s'agit pas, comme l'enseigne la technique connue, d'une simple glissière conçue uniquement pour absorber des chocs latéraux, puisque l'ensemble 100 se trouve sur un flanc d'un muret 1, lequel peut, de plus (il ne s'agit pas d'une nécessité mais d'une possibilité), présenter des plans inclinés 4 et 5.In addition to the horizontal flexibility to which we have just alluded and which implies a shock occurring practically at the height H of the heald 101, a deformable assembly 100 according to the invention also has vertical resistance, due to its structure. in a box because it is not, as the known technique teaches, a simple slide designed only to absorb lateral impacts, since the assembly 100 is on a side of a low wall 1, which can, moreover (it is not a necessity but a possibility), present inclined planes 4 and 5.

La faculté de déformation inélastique et la résistance aux sollicitations dépend des matériaux choisis, des formes et des dimensions que l'on adopte pour les pièces 101, 102 et 103, toutes choses que sait calculer l'homme de métier.The faculty of inelastic deformation and the resistance to stresses depends on the materials chosen, the shapes and the dimensions which one adopts for the parts 101, 102 and 103, all things which the skilled person can calculate.

Sur un muret 1 ayant le profil de New Jersey, la distance D2 mesurée horizontalement entre la face verticale de l'embase 6 et la zone de jonction des plans inclinés 4-5 avec les flancs 2-3 est d'environ 25 centimètres.On a low wall 1 having the New Jersey profile, the distance D2 measured horizontally between the vertical face of the base 6 and the junction area of the inclined planes 4-5 with the sides 2-3 is approximately 25 centimeters.

La saillie S que fait l'ensemble déformable 100 par rapport au muret 1 doit être telle que cet ensemble 100 ne dépasse pas l'aplomb de la face verticale de l'embase 6 et soit, au contraire, quelque peu en retrait avec un minimum souhaitable d'environ 15 centimètres pour la valeur de la saillie S.The projection S made by the deformable assembly 100 relative to the wall 1 must be such that this assembly 100 does not exceed the vertical alignment of the vertical face of the base 6 and is, on the contrary, somewhat set back with a minimum desirable about 15 centimeters for the value of the projection S.

La lisse 101, quant à elle, a un profil qui est coordonné à celui des ailes 116 et 117 des supports 103. Selon l'obliquité de ces ailes, la lisse a des ailes 105 et 106 plus ou moins convergentes.The stringer 101, for its part, has a profile which is coordinated with that of the wings 116 and 117 of the supports 103. Depending on the obliquity of these wings, the stringer has more or less convergent wings 105 and 106.

Or, il est bon qu'en cas de choc d'un véhicule, la carrosserie de celui-ci s'encastre en prenant la forme, en sillon longitudinal, de la lisse 101 qui, étant fixe et horizontale, joue non seulement le rôle d'amortisseur de choc latéral en absorbant l'énergie cinétique mais aussi celui de guide, de rail longitudinal, engagé dans le sillon de la carrosserie et retenant ainsi très efficacement le véhicule vers le bas pendant toute sa course contre la lisse 101, pour empêcher tout mouvement ascendant dont on connaît les dangers majeurs.However, it is good that in the event of a vehicle impact, the body of the latter becomes embedded taking the form, in longitudinal groove, of the stringer 101 which, being fixed and horizontal, plays not only the role lateral shock absorber by absorbing the kinetic energy but also that of guide, longitudinal rail, engaged in the furrow of the bodywork and thus very effectively retaining the vehicle down during its entire race against the arm 101, to prevent any upward movement whose major dangers are known.

Pour cette raison essentielle, la hauteur du muret 1 est établie pour s'opposer à son franchissement par des véhicules lourds alors que la lisse 101 est placée non pas en fonction des véhicules lourds mais en fonction des véhicules légers, afin qu'elle puisse s'encastrer dans la carrosserie de ces véhicules, au-dessus de leurs roues et au-dessous de leurs parties vitrées.For this essential reason, the height of the wall 1 is established to oppose its crossing by heavy vehicles while the heald 101 is placed not according to heavy vehicles but according to light vehicles, so that it can s '' to embed in the bodywork of these vehicles, above their wheels and below their glazed parts.

A cet effet, on peut réaliser le dispositif comme il est représenté sur la figure 7, et qui comprend, sur le muret 1, un ensemble déformable 150 constitué par une lisse 151 à section sensiblement trapézoïdale, présentant une face utile plane 152 (qui peut être nervurée), des flancs 153 et 154 prolongés par deux ailes 155 et 156 appliquées contre le muret 1 et fixées à lui par des boulons 157 et 158.To this end, the device can be produced as shown in FIG. 7, and which comprises, on the wall 1, a deformable assembly 150 constituted by a heald 151 with a substantially trapezoidal section, having a flat useful face 152 (which can be ribbed), sides 153 and 154 extended by two wings 155 and 156 applied against the wall 1 and fixed to it by bolts 157 and 158.

Ici, la lisse 151, les éléments déformables 153-154 et les supports 155-156 sont tous en une seule pièce, issue du profilage d'une tôle, ainsi que cela est connu en soi.Here, the heald 151, the deformable elements 153-154 and the supports 155-156 are all in one piece, resulting from the profiling of a sheet, as is known per se.

Bien entendu, ce dispositif déformable 150 peut être complété par des éléments déformables rapportés, notamment du type de ceux, 102, décrits en regard des figures 1 à 6.Of course, this deformable device 150 can be supplemented by attached deformable elements, in particular of the type of those, 102, described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.

On comprend que l'adossement de l'ensemble déformable (mais inélastique) à l'ensemble indéformable permet de prévoir que la surface utile de la lisse ait une hauteur nettement inférieure à celle des rails de sécurité connus actuellement qui ont une hauteur de plus de 30 centimètres.It is understood that the backing of the deformable (but inelastic) assembly to the non-deformable assembly makes it possible to provide that the useful surface of the heddle has a height significantly less than that of the currently known safety rails which have a height of more than 30 centimeters.

La faible hauteur de la lisse et sa résistance à l'écrasement permettent à la lisse de se comporter comme on l'a décrit en regard de la figure 7, ce qui est tout-à-fait impossible avec des rails de 30 centimètres de haut.The low height of the arm and its resistance to crushing allow the arm to behave as described with reference to FIG. 7, which is completely impossible with rails 30 centimeters high. .

Ces rails connus comportent un méplat médian et deux bossages longitudinaux continus situés respectivement au-dessus et au-dessous du méplat médian. Mais ils ne peuvent pas créer correctement de sillons dans la carrosserie car leurs bords sont libres et non adossés à un ensemble indéformable. La fixation de ces rails à des supports verticaux (flexibles) se fait par le méplat médian, ce qui laisse les bords supérieur et inférieur libres de se déformer sous la poussée d'un véhicule, ce qui les rend inaptes à s'encastrer dans une carrosserie.These known rails comprise a median flat and two continuous longitudinal bosses situated respectively above and below the median flat. But they cannot correctly create grooves in the bodywork because their edges are free and not backed by a non-deformable assembly. The fixing of these rails to vertical supports (flexible) is done by the median flat, which leaves the upper and lower edges free to deform under the push of a vehicle, which makes them unfit to fit into a body.

Au mieux, les bossages qui ne seraient pas pliés seraient nécessairement déformés, aplatis, ce qui est le contraire de l'effet recherché ici.At best, the bosses which would not be bent would necessarily be deformed, flattened, which is the opposite of the effect sought here.

En se reportant à la figure 8, on voit un mode de réalisation de l'invention selon lequel la structure en caisson qui vient d'être décrite peut être utilisée pour servir de contenant à un produit destiné à contribuer aux qualités et aux performances du dispositif.Referring to FIG. 8, one sees an embodiment of the invention according to which the box structure which has just been described can be used to serve as a container for a product intended to contribute to the qualities and performances of the device. .

On voit que dans le volume formé par le flanc 2-3 du muret 1 et la lisse 101, on peut placer un matériau 160 formé, par exemple, de fragments d'un matériau présentant à la fois des qualités d'élasticité et des qualités de résistance à la compression : morceaux, déchets ou billes en métal, bois, matière synthétique etc.It can be seen that in the volume formed by the side 2-3 of the wall 1 and the rail 101, it is possible to place a material 160 formed, for example, of fragments of a material having both qualities of elasticity and qualities resistance to compression: pieces, waste or balls of metal, wood, synthetic material etc.

Comme on l'a indiqué plus haut, il est possible de prévoir un mouvement relatif entre les pièces fixées au muret 1 (éléments déformables 102 et supports 103) et la lisse 101 afin de bénéficier des forces statiques qui en résultent pour absorber l'énergie cinétique des véhicules en mouvement qui, accidentellement, abordent le dispositif avec une force plus ou moins grande et un angle plus ou moins prononcé.As indicated above, it is possible to provide a relative movement between the pieces fixed to the wall 1 (deformable elements 102 and supports 103) and the stringer 101 in order to benefit from the static forces which result therefrom to absorb the energy. kinetics of moving vehicles which, accidentally, approach the device with a greater or lesser force and a more or less pronounced angle.

Avec la même structure que celle décrite en regard des figures 1 à 6, on peut placer la lisse 101 sur les supports 103 sans pour autant que les bords libres 140 et 141 de ses ailes 105 et 106 soient à proximité immédiate du muret 1.With the same structure as that described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, the stringer 101 can be placed on the supports 103 without, however, the free edges 140 and 141 of its wings 105 and 106 being in the immediate vicinity of the wall 1.

Sur la figure 9, on a représenté un mode de réalisation de l'invention selon lequel, comme précédemment, les éléments déformables 102 ainsi que les supports 103 sont fixés au muret 1, alors que les trous 107 et 108 des ailes 105 et 106 de la lisse 101 sont prévus plus près des bords libres 140 et 141, de telle manière qu'après mise en place de la lisse 101, les bords 140 et 141 sont situés à une distance E2 du muret 1, un espace E3, nettement supérieur à l'espace El, subsistant entre les bords 142 et 143 d'une part et l'intérieur de la face utile 104 d'autre part.FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of the invention according to which, as before, the deformable elements 102 and the supports 103 are fixed to the wall 1, while the holes 107 and 108 of the wings 105 and 106 of the heald 101 are provided closer to the free edges 140 and 141, so that after the heald 101 is in place, the edges 140 and 141 are located at a distance E2 from the wall 1, a space E3, clearly greater than the space El, remaining between the edges 142 and 143 on the one hand and the interior of the useful face 104 on the other hand.

Ici, les trous lisses 107 et 108 sont oblongs (et non plus circulaires) afin de permettre le glissement de la lisse 101 par rapport aux supports 103, sous l'effet d'un choc d'un véhicule contre la lisse 101.Here, the smooth holes 107 and 108 are oblong (and no longer circular) in order to allow the sliding of the heald 101 relative to the supports 103, under the effect of an impact of a vehicle against the heald 101.

Dans ce cas, la lisse 101 a la faculté de s'enfoncer, de se déformer, à l'intérieur de l'espace E3 avant qu'interviennent les joues 111 et 112 des éléments 102.In this case, the stringer 101 has the ability to sink, to deform, inside the space E3 before the cheeks 111 and 112 of the elements 102 intervene.

La figure 10 illustre une variante du mode de réalisation de la figure 9 selon laquelle les éléments déformables 102 sont solidaires de la lisse 101 et non plus du muret 1.FIG. 10 illustrates a variant of the embodiment of FIG. 9 according to which the deformable elements 102 are integral with the heald 101 and no longer with the wall 1.

Cela suppose que ces éléments 102 soient rendus solidaires de la lisse 101, par exemple au moyen de soudures 145 qui réunissent les ailes 105 et 106 et les joues 111 et 112 qui, ici, ont le même profil que l'intérieur de la face utile 104.This assumes that these elements 102 are made integral with the heald 101, for example by means of welds 145 which join the wings 105 and 106 and the cheeks 111 and 112 which, here, have the same profile as the interior of the useful face. 104.

En donnant aux joues 111 et 112 la même largeur qu'auparavant, avec ou sans partie centrale 110, on ménage un espace E4 entre le muret 1 et la face arrière de la partie centrale 110 (ou le bord libre des joues 111 et 112 situé du côté du muret 1), espace qui est très sensiblement égal à l'espace E2 afin que le dispositif oppose à un choc d'abord la résistance de la lisse 101 et des joues 111-112, puis la résistance au glissement des boulons 122-123 dans les trous oblongs 107 et 108 et, enfin, la force résultant de l'arc-boutement de l'ensemble 100, plus ou moins tordu par le choc, contre le muret 1.By giving the cheeks 111 and 112 the same width as before, with or without the central part 110, a space E4 is left between the wall 1 and the rear face of the central part 110 (or the free edge of the cheeks 111 and 112 located on the side of the wall 1), a space which is very substantially equal to the space E2 so that the device opposes a shock first the resistance of the stringer 101 and the cheeks 111-112, then the resistance to sliding of the bolts 122 -123 in the oblong holes 107 and 108 and, finally, the force resulting from the bracing of the assembly 100, more or less twisted by the impact, against the wall 1.

Sur la figure 11 on a représenté un mode de réalisation différent de ceux des figures 1 à 6 et 8 à 10 qui avaient en commun la même lisse 101 de la figure 2.FIG. 11 shows an embodiment different from those of FIGS. 1 to 6 and 8 to 10 which had in common the same heald 101 of FIG. 2.

Ici, un ensemble de nature déformable 200 est formé d'une lisse 201 constituée d'un seul profilé à section rectangulaire et de supports 202, sensiblement en forme de U, fixés au muret 1 par des boulons 203 vissés dans les trous de fixation 8.Here, a set of deformable nature 200 is formed of a heddle 201 consisting of a single profile with rectangular section and supports 202, substantially U-shaped, fixed to the wall 1 by bolts 203 screwed into the fixing holes 8 .

Le profilé 201 peut être à section fermée, auquel cas il faut prévoir autant de passages 204 qu'il doit y avoir de supports 202, ou bien être formé par pliage d'une tôle dont les bords libres 205 et 206 restent éloignés l'un de l'autre pour ménager un espace 204 longitudinal continu, laissant passage à autant de supports 202 que cela est nécessaire.The profile 201 can be of closed section, in which case it is necessary to provide as many passages 204 as there must be supports 202, or else be formed by folding a sheet whose free edges 205 and 206 remain far apart. on the other to provide a continuous longitudinal space 204, allowing passage to as many supports 202 as necessary.

Dans ce cas, les supports 202 peuvent avoir toute largeur désirée ou, même, être constitués par des segments de profilés continus, disposés comme ceux qui forment la lisse 201.In this case, the supports 202 may have any desired width or, even, be constituted by segments of continuous profiles, arranged like those which form the heddle 201.

En tout état de cause, le profilé qui constitue la lisse 201 présente deux petites faces 207 et 208 et deux grandes faces 209 et 210.In any event, the profile which constitutes the heddle 201 has two small faces 207 and 208 and two large faces 209 and 210.

Le profilé 201 et les supports 202 doivent être rendus solidaires et, ici, on a choisi la solution qui consiste à prévoir un cordon de soudure 211 sur la paroi arrière 210 du profilé 201, au-dessus du passage 204 (ponctuel ou continu), qui réunit cette paroi arrière 210 à l'âme 212 du support en U. La branche extérieure 213 est appliquée contre le muret en béton 1 et est traversée par un (ou plusieurs) boulon 203. La branche opposée 214 est placée à l'intérieur du profilé 201 et le soutient à la manière d'un crochet.The profile 201 and the supports 202 must be made integral and, here, the solution has been chosen which consists in providing a weld bead 211 on the rear wall 210 of the profile 201, above the passage 204 (punctual or continuous), which joins this rear wall 210 to the core 212 of the U-shaped support. The external branch 213 is applied against the concrete wall 1 and is crossed by one (or more) bolt 203. The opposite branch 214 is placed inside of profile 201 and supports it in the manner of a hook.

Cela signifie, lorsque le passage 204 est continu, que le profilé 201 n'est relié au muret 1 que par sa partie supérieure et non par sa partie inférieure.This means, when the passage 204 is continuous, that the section 201 is connected to the wall 1 only by its upper part and not by its lower part.

On observe, en outre, que les parois avant 209 et arrière 210 du profilé 201 ne sont pas parallèles au flanc du muret 1. L'axe longitudinal x du profilé 201 fait avec le flanc 2 du muret 1 un angle α qui résulte de la forme des supports 202, c'est-à-dire de l'angle que forment leur âme 212 et leurs branches 213 et 214.It is further observed that the front 209 and rear 210 walls of the profile 201 are not parallel to the side of the wall 1. The longitudinal axis x of the profile 201 makes with the side 2 of the wall 1 an angle α which results from the form of supports 202, that is to say of the angle formed by their core 212 and their branches 213 and 214.

L'inclinaison du profilé 201 et sa fixation au muret 1 par sa seule partie supérieure lorsque le passage 204 est continu ont pour effet de donner à l'ensemble déformable une rigidité privilégiée pour résister à des chocs ayant une composante ascendante et, à l'inverse, une déformabilité privilégiée vers le bas destinée à favoriser le rabattement des véhicules et à contrarier leur élévation.The inclination of the profile 201 and its attachment to the wall 1 by its only upper part when the passage 204 is continuous have the effect of giving the deformable assembly a preferred rigidity to resist shocks having an ascending component and, at the conversely, a preferred downward deformability intended to favor the folding down of the vehicles and to counteract their elevation.

On a représenté en traits pointillés une déformation possible, en parallélogramme, du profilé 201 ayant à l'origine une section rectangulaire et l'on voit que le bord libre 206 du passage 204 (supposé continu) peut s'écarter de sa position première pour laisser toute la structure du profilé 201 s'abaisser et se déformer au mieux.A dashed line shows a possible deformation, in parallelogram, of the section 201 having originally a rectangular section and it can be seen that the free edge 206 of the passage 204 (assumed to be continuous) can deviate from its initial position for let the entire structure of the profile 201 lower and deform as well as possible.

Ce schéma suppose que les supports 202 ne se sont pas déformés alors qu'en réalité, leur forme en U leur permet de s'ouvrir, la branche 214 s'inclinant et augmentant l'angle initial entre elle et l'âme 212. Celle-ci peut également s'incliner en augmentant l'angle initial qu'elle faisait avec la branche extérieure 214.This diagram assumes that the supports 202 have not deformed when in reality, their U shape allows them to open, the branch 214 tilting and increasing the initial angle between it and the core 212. That -this can also tilt by increasing the initial angle it made with the outer branch 214.

Un choc contre cet ensemble déformable 200 a donc pour conséquence probable une déformation combinée du profilé 201 et des supports 202.A shock against this deformable assembly 200 therefore has the probable consequence of a combined deformation of the profile 201 and the supports 202.

Avec ce mode de réalisation, on peut considérer que la lisse et les éléments déformables sont confondus en un seul ensemble, la lisse proprement dite étant la face extérieure 209 tandis que les éléments déformables sont constitués par les supports 202 ainsi que par les petites faces 207 et 208, cette dernière étant directement en contact avec le muret 1 auquel elle s'appuie par l'angle qui la relie à la grande face arrière 210.With this embodiment, it can be considered that the heald and the deformable elements are combined into a single assembly, the heald itself being the external face 209 while the deformable elements are constituted by the supports 202 as well as by the small faces 207 and 208, the latter being directly in contact with the wall 1 to which it rests by the angle which connects it to the large rear face 210.

Cependant, il est possible d'ajouter des éléments déformables distincts en prévoyant un cloisonnement intérieur (non représenté) du même type que celui de la figure 10.However, it is possible to add separate deformable elements by providing an interior partitioning (not shown) of the same type as that of FIG. 10.

En se reportant maintenant à la figure 12, on voit un autre mode de réalisation selon lequel la lisse et les supports sont confondus.Referring now to Figure 12, we see another embodiment according to which the heddle and the supports are combined.

L'ensemble déformable 300 comprend une lisse 301 formée par des segments de profilés ayant une face utile en trois parties : une partie supérieure bombée 302, une partie inférieure également bombée 303 et un méplat médian 304 qui joue le rôle de support, du fait qu'il présente des trous 305 répartis sur toute la longueur de la lisse 301 et devant recevoir chacun un boulon 306 vissé dans un trou de fixation 8.The deformable assembly 300 comprises a heald 301 formed by segments of sections having a useful face in three parts: a curved upper part 302, a lower part also curved 303 and a median flat 304 which acts as a support, because 'it has holes 305 distributed over the entire length of the heddle 301 and each having to receive a bolt 306 screwed into a fixing hole 8.

Les parties bombées 302 et 303 sont prolongées par des ailes 307 et 308 dont les extrémités 309 et 310 sont courbées l'une vers l'autre de telle sorte que les bords libres 311 et 312 du profilé soient situés symétriquement de part et d'autre des boulons 306, à petite distance de ceux-ci.The convex parts 302 and 303 are extended by wings 307 and 308, the ends 309 and 310 of which are curved towards one another so that the free edges 311 and 312 of the profile are located symmetrically on either side bolts 306, a short distance from them.

La lisse 301 est épaulée contre le muret en béton 1 et y est solidement maintenue par les boulons 306. Elle prend appui contre le muret en béton 1 par des zones arrondies 313 et 314 qui, en cas de choc contre la lisse 301 ont tendance, en cédant, à s'enrouler vers l'intérieur du profilé et, donc, à diminuer la longueur des ailes 307 et 308 au fur et à mesure que la lisse 301 est pressée contre le muret en béton 1 par le véhicule en détresse.The rail 301 is shouldered against the concrete wall 1 and is firmly held there by the bolts 306. It bears against the concrete wall 1 by rounded zones 313 and 314 which, in the event of an impact against the rail 301 tend, by yielding, to be wound towards the inside of the profile and, therefore, to decrease the length of the wings 307 and 308 as and when the rail 301 is pressed against the concrete wall 1 by the vehicle in distress.

Les parties bombées 302 et 303 ainsi que le méplat 304 situé entre elles, forment ensemble la face utile de la lisse 301, de sorte que les ailes 307-308, les extrémités 309-310 et les zones arrondies 313-314 constituent des éléments déformables puisqu'ils encaissent les efforts d'écrasement dus aux chocs reçus par la lisse 301.The curved parts 302 and 303 as well as the flat 304 located between them, together form the useful face of the heddle 301, so that the wings 307-308, the ends 309-310 and the rounded areas 313-314 constitute deformable elements. since they absorb the crushing forces due to the shocks received by the heald 301.

Les extrémités 309 et 310 s'enroulent sur elles-mêmes vers l'intérieur du profilé et l'on peut dire que la face avant 302-303-304 de l'ensemble déformable 300 ainsi que sa "face" arrière 309-310-313-314 sont déformables et interviennent simultanément sous l'effet d'un choc d'un véhicule.The ends 309 and 310 are wound on themselves towards the inside of the profile and it can be said that the front face 302-303-304 of the deformable assembly 300 as well as its rear "face" 309-310- 313-314 are deformable and act simultaneously under the effect of a vehicle impact.

En se reportant maintenant aux figures 13 à 15, on voit d'autres variantes du mode de réalisation selon lequel on prévoit non seulement une déformation du dispositif mais également un déplacement relatif entre l'ensemble déformable et le muret en béton 1.Referring now to FIGS. 13 to 15, we see other variants of the embodiment according to which provision is made not only for deformation of the device but also for relative displacement between the deformable assembly and the concrete wall 1.

Sur la figure 13, l'ensemble déformable 400 comprend une lisse 401 constituée par un profilé qui présente une face utile bombée 402, un flanc supérieur 403 et un flanc inférieur 404 plus étendu que le précédent.In FIG. 13, the deformable assembly 400 comprises a heald 401 constituted by a profile which has a curved useful face 402, an upper flank 403 and a lower flank 404 more extended than the previous one.

Le flanc supérieur 403 est fixé par soudure à un support 405 qui peut être constitué soit par de longs profilés ou par des crochets ponctuels. Quelle que soit la constitution des supports 405, ils soutiennent la lisse 401 de la même manière que celle qui a été décrite en regard de la figure 11 et sont fixé au muret 1 par des boulons 406.The upper side 403 is fixed by welding to a support 405 which can be constituted either by long sections or by point hooks. Whatever the constitution of the supports 405, they support the heald 401 in the same way as that which has been described with reference to FIG. 11 and are fixed to the wall 1 by bolts 406.

Le flanc inférieur 404 est en appui contre le muret 1 par son bord libre 407.The lower side 404 bears against the wall 1 by its free edge 407.

Cette variante est de conception très proche du mode de réalisation de la figure 11 car on recherche ici encore de privilégier une déformation vers le bas de la lisse 401, comme cela est évoqué en trait pointillé.This variant is of design very close to the embodiment of FIG. 11 since here again we seek to favor a downward deformation of the heald 401, as is mentioned in dotted lines.

Sur la figure 14, l'ensemble déformable 400 comprend une lisse 401 constituée par un profilé qui présente une face utile 410 sensiblement plane et nervurée, un flanc supérieur 411 prolongé par une aile redressée 412 et un flanc inférieur 413 prolongé par une aile 414 également redressée vers l'intérieur du profilé.In FIG. 14, the deformable assembly 400 comprises a heald 401 constituted by a profile which has a substantially flat and ribbed useful face 410, an upper flank 411 extended by a straightened wing 412 and a lower flank 413 extended by a wing 414 also straightened towards the inside of the profile.

L'aile supérieure 412 est percée de trous pour les boulons 406 et constitue un support de l'ensemble 400, fixé au muret 1 par les boulons 406.The upper wing 412 is pierced with holes for the bolts 406 and constitutes a support for the assembly 400, fixed to the wall 1 by the bolts 406.

Comme le dispositif de la figure 13, celui de la figure 14 est destiné à ployer et à se déformer préférentiellement vers le bas, sous l'effet d'un choc d'un véhicule, l'aile 414 devant glisser à la manière d'un patin sur le muret 1.Like the device of FIG. 13, that of FIG. 14 is intended to bend and to deform preferably downwards, under the effect of a shock from a vehicle, the wing 414 having to slide in the manner of a skate on the wall 1.

Les nervures longitudinales de la face utile 410 augmentent la résistance à l'écrasement de l'ensemble déformable 400 et favorisent la création d'un ou plusieurs sillons (selon la forme et le nombre de nervures) dans la carrosserie d'un véhicule, afin de le retenir au sol ou, à tout le moins, d'éviter son soulèvement, comme on l'a expliqué plus haut en regard de la figure 7.The longitudinal ribs of the useful face 410 increase the resistance to crushing of the deformable assembly 400 and promote the creation of one or more grooves (depending on the shape and the number of ribs) in the body of a vehicle, so to retain it on the ground or, at the very least, to avoid lifting it, as explained above with reference to FIG. 7.

Sur la figure 15, on voit une autre variante qui reprend la face utile bombée 402 de la lisse 401, les flancs supérieur 411 et inférieur 413 qui convergent l'un vers l'autre et l'aile supérieure redressée 412, mais prévoit que le flanc inférieur 413 est prolongé par une aile 415 abaissée vers l'extérieur du profilé, de sorte que l'ensemble déformable 400 a une section en forme d'Ω, les deux ailes 412 et 415 étant appliquées contre le muret 1.In FIG. 15, we see another variant which takes up the curved useful face 402 of the heald 401, the upper flanks 411 and lower 413 which converge towards each other and the upper wing straightened 412, but provides that the lower flank 413 is extended by a wing 415 lowered towards the outside of the profile, so that the deformable assembly 400 has an Ω-shaped section, the two wings 412 and 415 being applied against the wall 1.

Ici, le muret en béton 1 a le profil de New Jersey et l'aile 412 est placée contre le flanc 2 tandis que l'aile 415 est placée contre le plan incliné 4.Here, the concrete wall 1 has the New Jersey profile and the wing 412 is placed against the sidewall 2 while the wing 415 is placed against the inclined plane 4.

L'ensemble déformable 400 est fixé au muret en béton 1 par les boulons 406 traversant exclusivement l'aile supérieure 412 et vissés dans des trous de fixation 8.The deformable assembly 400 is fixed to the concrete wall 1 by the bolts 406 passing exclusively through the upper wing 412 and screwed into fixing holes 8.

En cas de choc contre le lisse 401, elle se déforme dans le sens de son aplatissement contre le muret en béton 1, ce qui a tendance à écarter les flancs 411 et 413 ainsi que les ailes 412 et 415.In the event of an impact against the rail 401, it deforms in the direction of its flattening against the concrete wall 1, which tends to spread the sides 411 and 413 as well as the wings 412 and 415.

L'aile inférieure 415 étant appliquée contre le plan incliné 4 mais n'y étant pas fixée, peut glisser à la manière d'un patin contre le plan incliné 4, comme cela est évoqué en traits pointillés.The lower wing 415 being applied against the inclined plane 4 but not being attached thereto, can slide in the manner of a pad against the inclined plane 4, as is mentioned in dotted lines.

Ce montage donne à l'ensemble déformable 400 une direction préférentielle de déformation vers le bas afin d'induire au véhicule qui l'a choqué une composante de rabattement exactement opposée à l'indésirable composante de soulèvement qui se produit actuellement.This arrangement gives the deformable assembly 400 a preferential direction of downward deformation in order to induce in the vehicle which has shocked it a component of drawdown exactly opposite to the undesirable component of lifting which is currently occurring.

Il ressort de la description ci-dessus qu'un dispositif conforme à l'invention est efficace aussi bien à l'égard des véhicules légers qu'à l'égard des véhicules lourds et, à l'intérieur de ces deux catégories, aussi bien pour des chocs bénins que pour des chocs importants.It emerges from the above description that a device according to the invention is effective both with regard to light vehicles than with regard to heavy vehicles and, within these two categories, as well for minor shocks than for large shocks.

En effet, un choc léger peut n'intéresser qu'un ensemble déformable qui, à lui seul, encaisse les efforts voulus, l'appui indéformable n'intervenant que comme soutien, comme support, de l'ensemble déformable. Un choc plus important peut provoquer l'écrasement de l'ensemble déformable et le véhicule qui en est la cause rencontre alors l'appui indéformable lui-même, après atténuation de l'impact par l'ensemble déformable qui intervient d'abord.Indeed, a light shock may only interest a deformable assembly which, by itself, collects the desired forces, the non-deformable support acting only as support, as support, of the deformable assembly. A larger impact can cause the deformable assembly to be crushed and the vehicle which causes it then encounters the non-deformable support itself, after the impact has been mitigated by the deformable assembly which first intervenes.

En d'autres termes, l'appui indéformable et l'ensemble déformable agissent ensemble dans un premier temps et ensuite, le cas échéant, l'appui impose sa masse quand l'ensemble déformable est impuissant à lui seul à amortir le choc provoqué par le véhicule accidenté. L'appui indéformable n'est donc plus agressif vis-à-vis des véhicules légers qui sont d'abord pris en charge par l'ensemble déformable.In other words, the non-deformable support and the deformable assembly act together at first and then, if necessary, the support imposes its mass when the deformable assembly is powerless on its own to absorb the shock caused by the accident vehicle. The non-deformable support is therefore no longer aggressive with regard to light vehicles which are initially taken care of by the deformable assembly.

Le dispositif de l'invention amortit la violence du premier choc et des éventuels chocs ultérieurs, atténue les décélérations, évite (ou au minimum amoindrit) l'amplitude des mouvements verticaux et limite la vitesse de sortie de barrière, ce qui minore les risques d'accident provenant des mouvements transversaux imprimés au véhicule accidenté pour le renvoyer sur la voie de circulation.The device of the invention dampens the violence of the first shock and of any subsequent shocks, attenuates decelerations, avoids (or at least reduces) the amplitude of the vertical movements and limits the speed of exit from the barrier, which minimizes the risks of accident resulting from the transverse movements imprinted on the injured vehicle to send it back to the taxiway.

Dans la description ci-dessus, on a considéré que l'appui indéformable était constitué par un muret continu en béton mais il pourrait s'agir de toute autre structure rigide, continue ou discontinue.In the above description, it has been considered that the non-deformable support consists of a continuous concrete wall, but it could be any other rigid, continuous or discontinuous structure.

Une telle structure pourrait être non seulement une maçonnerie réalisée d'un seul tenant ou par juxtaposition et/ou superposition de blocs distincts, mais également le flanc d'une paroi rocheuse, une bordure de route, telle qu'un mur anti-bruit, une culée ou une pile de pont, en tous matériaux résistants, etc.Such a structure could be not only a masonry made in one piece or by juxtaposition and / or superposition of separate blocks, but also the side of a rock wall, a roadside, such as a noise barrier, abutment or bridge pier, made of all resistant materials, etc.

L'ensemble déformable, quant à lui, pourrait n'être pas en métal mais en d'autres métériaux tels que du bois, des matières synthétiques, des matériaux composites etc.The deformable assembly, on the other hand, could not be made of metal but of other materials such as wood, synthetic materials, composite materials, etc.

Les éléments déformables 102 et les supports 103 des figures 1 à 6 et 8 à 10 sont dissimulés et peuvent être réalisés en ne tenant compte que des impératifs utilitaires et le dispositif peut avoir un aspect extérieur extrêmement agréable, d'apparence très naturelle, y compris en bois.The deformable elements 102 and the supports 103 of FIGS. 1 to 6 and 8 to 10 are concealed and can be produced taking into account only utility requirements and the device can have an extremely pleasant external appearance, of very natural appearance, including in wood.

En se reportant maintenant à la figure 16, on voit un mode de réalisation de l'invention selon lequel la lisse d'un ensemble déformable 500 est constituée par deux câbles parallèles 501 et 502 et non plus par des profilés.Referring now to FIG. 16, one sees an embodiment of the invention according to which the heddle of a deformable assembly 500 is constituted by two parallel cables 501 and 502 and no longer by profiles.

On fixe au muret 1 des supports 503 qui comprennent une platine centrale 504 et des ailes 505 et 506, ce qui leur donne une structure tout-à-fait semblable à celle des éléments déformables 102 précédemment décrits, leur fixation au muret 1 se faisant comme décrit en regard de la figure 5, de sorte qu'ils constituent simultanément des supports et des éléments déformables en une seule et même pièce.Is fixed to the wall 1 supports 503 which include a central plate 504 and wings 505 and 506, which gives them a structure quite similar to that of the deformable elements 102 previously described, their attachment to the wall 1 being made as described with reference to FIG. 5, so that they simultaneously constitute supports and deformable elements in a single piece.

Plus précisément, on remarque que la platine centrale 504 constitue un support analogue aux supports 103, tandis que les ailes 505 et 506 constituent des éléments déformables analogues aux ailes 111 et 112 des éléments 102.More specifically, it is noted that the central plate 504 constitutes a support similar to the supports 103, while the wings 505 and 506 constitute deformable elements similar to the wings 111 and 112 of the elements 102.

Les ailes 505 et 506 sont traversées de trous dans lesquels les câbles 501 et 502 sont engagés afin d'être maintenus à bonne distance du flanc 2-3 du muret 1.The wings 505 and 506 are traversed by holes in which the cables 501 and 502 are engaged in order to be kept at a good distance from the side 2-3 of the wall 1.

Naturellement, les câbles 501 et 502 doivent être tendus à une valeur convenablement calculée pour qu'ils puissent jouer leur rôle d'éléments déformables en respectant un optimum entre :

  • une tension trop faible qui les rendraient inaptes à amortir à eux seuls des chocs bénins et/ou provenant de véhicules légers, cela étant la négation du principe sur lequel repose l'invention;
  • et une tension trop forte qui les soumettrait constamment à une contrainte voisine de leur limite de rupture, auquel cas ils pourraient se rompre au moindre choc, ce qui anéantirait leur fonction.
Naturally, the cables 501 and 502 must be stretched to a value suitably calculated so that they can play their role of deformable elements while respecting an optimum between:
  • too low a voltage which would make them incapable of absorbing on their own minor impacts and / or coming from light vehicles, this being the negation of the principle on which the invention is based;
  • and a too strong tension which would subject them constantly to a stress close to their rupture limit, in which case they could rupture at the slightest shock, which would destroy their function.

On a déjà pensé à utiliser des câbles pour réaliser des dispositifs de sécurité mais on a pratiquement renoncé à les employer car ils étaient associés à des supports verticaux classiques et les conditions de leur mise en place étaient très aléatoires, de sorte que l'on a déploré des accidents dus à leur rupture brutale lors de leur installation.We have already thought about using cables to make safety devices but we practically gave up using them because they were associated with conventional vertical supports and the conditions of their installation were very random, so that we deplored accidents due to their sudden rupture during their installation.

Avec l'invention, ces accidents ne peuvent pas se produire, dès lors que l'on utilise des supports 503 rigides et fixés rigidement sur un appui indéformable 1 et que l'on prévoit des tendeurs (de type connu par l'homme de métier) précis, permettant de maîtriser l'effort de tension.With the invention, these accidents cannot occur, as soon as rigid supports 503 are used which are rigidly fixed on a non-deformable support 1 and tensioners are provided (of the type known to those skilled in the art ) precise, allowing to control the tension effort.

Selon le nombre, la matière, le diamètre et la tension des câbles 501 et 502, on pose des supports 503 en nombre plus ou moins grand, afin qu'ils soient écartés d'une valeur convenablement adaptée au maintien des câbles.Depending on the number, the material, the diameter and the tension of the cables 501 and 502, supports 503 are placed in greater or lesser number, so that they are spaced apart by a value suitably suitable for holding the cables.

Naturellement, les supports de câbles peuvent être réalisés de manière différente de celle qui a été décrite ici à titre d'exemple.Naturally, the cable supports can be produced in a different manner from that which has been described here by way of example.

Quant au nombre de câbles, il peut être ramené à un seul ou, au contraire, être augmenté jusqu'à constituer une nappe plus ou moins serrée.As for the number of cables, it can be reduced to one or, on the contrary, be increased until it forms a more or less tight sheet.

En plaçant les éléments déformables inélastiques à un niveau supérieur à celui des roues des véhicules de tourisme, on les situe à la hauteur de la carrosserie qui est elle-même déformable, de sorte que l'énergie d'un choc est absorbée simultanément par la déformation de la carrosserie et par celle des éléments.By placing the inelastic deformable elements at a level higher than that of the wheels of passenger vehicles, they are located at the height of the body which is itself deformable, so that the energy of an impact is absorbed simultaneously by the deformation of the bodywork and by that of the elements.

Claims (25)

1- Dispositif de sécurité devant être installé le long d'une voie destinée à la circulation de véhicules, du type comprenant au moins un appui substantiellement vertical et de nature indéformable ainsi qu'au moins une lisse continue maintenue à une hauteur donnée par rapport au plan de la voie pour être supérieure à la hauteur des roues de véhicules de type léger, tel que les voitures de tourisme, caractérisé en ce que l'appui (1), tel qu'un muret en béton, est fixe et indéplaçable et présente au moins un flanc longitudinal (2-3) de hauteur supérieure à la hauteur donnée par rapport au plan de la voie (B) et sur lequel est fixé un ensemble de nature déformable non élastique (100-200-300-400-500) composé d'au moins une lisse continue (101-201-301-401-501 et 502) parallèle au flanc (2-3) de l'appui (1) et d'éléments déformables non élastiques (102-150-207-208-307-308-320-403-404-503) intercalés entre la lisse (101-201-301-401-501 et 502) et le flanc de l'appui (1). 1- Safety device to be installed along a track intended for the circulation of vehicles, of the type comprising at least one substantially vertical support and of non-deformable nature as well as at least one continuous boom maintained at a given height relative to the track plan to be greater than the height of the wheels of light type vehicles, such as passenger cars, characterized in that the support (1), such as a concrete wall, is fixed and non-displaceable and has at least one longitudinal sidewall (2-3) of height greater than the height given with respect to the plane of the track (B) and on which is fixed an assembly of non-elastic deformable nature (100-200-300-400-500) composed of at least one continuous boom (101-201-301-401-501 and 502) parallel to the flank (2-3) of the support (1) and non-elastic deformable elements (102-150-207- 208-307-308-320-403-404-503) inserted between the arm (101-201-301-401-501 and 502) and the side of the '' support (1). 2- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'appui (1) est continu. 2- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the support (1) is continuous. 3- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments déformables non élastiques (102-150-320-503) sont distincts de la lisse (101-301-501 et 502). 3- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-elastic deformable elements (102-150-320-503) are distinct from the heald (101-301-501 and 502). 4- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments déformables non élastiques (102-320) sont solidaires de la lisse (101-301). 4- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-elastic deformable elements (102-320) are integral with the heald (101-301). 5- Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les éléments déformables non élastiques sont constitués par des parties (207-208-307-308-403-404) en une seule pièce avec la lisse (201-301-401). 5- Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the non-elastic deformable elements consist of parts (207-208-307-308-403-404) in one piece with the rail (201-301-401). 6- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, cqaractérisé en ce que les éléments déformables non élastiques (102-207-208) sont distincts des supports (103-202). 6- Device according to claim 1, cqaractérisé in that the non-elastic deformable elements (102-207-208) are separate from the supports (103-202). 7- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments déformables non élastiques (207-505-506) sont solidaires des supports (202-504). 7- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-elastic deformable elements (207-505-506) are integral with the supports (202-504). 8- Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les éléments déformables non élastiques sont constitués par des ailes (307-308-403-505-506) en une seule pièce avec chaque support (304-405-504). 8- Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the non-elastic deformable elements consist of wings (307-308-403-505-506) in one piece with each support (304-405-504). 9- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la lisse (101-201-301-401) est constituée par des segments de profilés métalliques raccordés longitudinalement. 9- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rail (101-201-301-401) is constituted by segments of metal profiles connected longitudinally. 10- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la lisse est constituée par des segments raccordés longitudinalement d'au moins un câble (501-502). 10- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heald is constituted by segments connected longitudinally of at least one cable (501-502). 11- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la lisse est constituée par des segments raccordés longitudinalement de profilés non métalliques. 11- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heald consists of segments connected longitudinally of non-metallic profiles. 12- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque support (103) est constitué par un étrier comprenant une face médiane (115) appliquée et fixée contre l'appui vertical (1) et deux ailes (116-117) substantiellement perpendiculaires à ladite face médiane (115), ailes (116-117) qui reçoivent la lisse (101). 12- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that each support (103) is constituted by a bracket comprising a middle face (115) applied and fixed against the vertical support (1) and two wings (116-117) substantially perpendicular to said face median (115), wings (116-117) which receive the arm (101). 13- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la lisse (101-401) et les supports (103-405) sont montés mobiles l'une par rapport aux autres afin de rendre possible un mouvement relatif entre eux lors d'un effort exercé sur la lisse (101-401). 13- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heald (101-401) and the supports (103-405) are mounted movable relative to each other in order to make possible a relative movement between them during a force exerted on the arm (101-401). 14- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble déformable non élastique (100-200-300-400) est constitué par un caisson déformable par écrasement. 14- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-elastic deformable assembly (100-200-300-400) consists of a box deformable by crushing. 15- Dispositif selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des supports en U (202-405) dont une branche est fixée à l'appui (1) et l'autre près du haut du caisson (201-401), chacun de ces supports (202-405) étant susceptible de se déformer par ouverture du U, en favorisant la déformation du caisson (201-401) vers le bas. 15- Device according to claim 14, characterized in that it comprises U-shaped supports (202-405) of which one branch is fixed to the support (1) and the other near the top of the box (201-401) , each of these supports (202-405) being liable to deform by opening the U, favoring the deformation of the box (201-401) downwards. 16- Dispositif selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que le caisson contient un matériau flexible (160) tel qu'une mousse plastique, des billes ou analogue. 16- Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the box contains a flexible material (160) such as plastic foam, balls or the like. 17- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la lisse (101-401) est un profilé qui présente une face utile bombée (104-402). 17- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heddle (101-401) is a profile which has a curved useful face (104-402). 18- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la lisse (401) est un profilé qui présente une face utile nervurée (410). 18- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heddle (401) is a profile which has a ribbed useful face (410). 19- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la face utile (402-410) de la lisse (401) est prolongée par au moins un flanc (403-404, 411-413). 19- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the useful face (402-410) of the heald (401) is extended by at least one side (403-404, 411-413). 20- Dispositif selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que le flanc (411-413) est prolongé par une aile cintrée (412-414-415). 20- Device according to claim 19, characterized in that the flank (411-413) is extended by a curved wing (412-414-415). 21- Dispositif selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que l'aile (414) est cintrée vers l'intérieur du profilé. 21- Device according to claim 20, characterized in that the wing (414) is curved towards the inside of the profile. 22- Dispositif selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que l'aile (412-415) est cintrée vers l'extérieur du profilé. 22- Device according to claim 20, characterized in that the wing (412-415) is curved towards the outside of the profile. 23- Dispositif selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que l'aile cintrée (414-415) est située à la partie inférieure de la lisse (401) et est appliquée contre l'appui (1), sans fixation. 23- Device according to claim 20, characterized in that the curved wing (414-415) is located at the lower part of the heddle (401) and is applied against the support (1), without fixing. 24- Dispositif selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que l'aile (412) est située à la partie supérieure de la lisse (401) et est appliquée contre l'appui (1) auquel elle est fixée. 24- Device according to claim 20, characterized in that the wing (412) is located at the upper part of the heddle (401) and is applied against the support (1) to which it is fixed. 25- Dispositif selon la revendication 24, caractérisé en ce que la lisse (401) a une section sensiblement en Ω, c'est-à-dire qu'elle présente une face (402), deux flancs convergents (411 et 413) et deux ailes divergentes opposées (412 et 415), respectivement supérieure et inférieure appliquées contre l'appui (1), seule l'aile supérieure (412) étant fixée à l'appui (1), l'aile inférieure (415) devant glisser contre l'appui (1) quand, par suite d'un choc, la lisse (401) se déforme. 25- Device according to claim 24, characterized in that the heddle (401) has a section substantially in Ω, that is to say that it has a face (402), two converging sides (411 and 413) and two opposite diverging wings (412 and 415), respectively upper and lower applied against the support (1), only the upper wing (412) being fixed to the support (1), the lower wing (415) having to slide against the support (1) when, as a result of an impact, the heddle (401) deforms.
EP93403064A 1992-12-18 1993-12-17 Guide rails with indeformable supports and at least one horizontal deformable continuous guide member Expired - Lifetime EP0604277B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9215294 1992-12-18
FR9215294 1992-12-18

Publications (2)

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EP0604277A1 true EP0604277A1 (en) 1994-06-29
EP0604277B1 EP0604277B1 (en) 2002-07-03

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EP93403064A Expired - Lifetime EP0604277B1 (en) 1992-12-18 1993-12-17 Guide rails with indeformable supports and at least one horizontal deformable continuous guide member

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EP (1) EP0604277B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE220148T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69332074D1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19504025A1 (en) * 1995-02-08 1996-08-22 Tech Sicherheits Syst Gmbh Passive protective device on roads and highways
EP1767701A1 (en) * 2005-09-23 2007-03-28 Sec Envel Method for absorbing an impact against a road safety barrier and safety barrier implemented accordingly
EP1793042A1 (en) * 2005-12-01 2007-06-06 Tubosider S.p.A. Impact-resistant beam for guardrail-type crash barriers
WO2007148110A1 (en) * 2006-06-23 2007-12-27 Highway Care Limited Safety barrier
GB2499368A (en) * 2012-01-13 2013-08-21 Zaun Ltd A temporary barrier assembly with barrier members and arrestor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1306419A (en) * 1961-11-17 1962-10-13 Safety road barriers
FR2086626A5 (en) * 1970-04-03 1971-12-31 France Etat
DE7439889U (en) * 1976-06-03 Basalt-Actien-Gesellschaft, 5460 Linz Concrete road separator for multi-lane motorways
GB1519181A (en) * 1974-08-14 1978-07-26 Imai H Fence
FR2401274A1 (en) * 1977-08-17 1979-03-23 Ut Vasuttervezoe Vallalat PROTECTION DEVICE, ESPECIALLY FOR ROADS
DE3822641A1 (en) * 1987-07-20 1989-02-02 August Riegler Safety guard-rail system for traffic areas
EP0343091A1 (en) * 1988-05-20 1989-11-23 Claude Pomero Method and devices for keeping vehicles on the road
EP0437414A1 (en) * 1990-01-11 1991-07-17 Antonio Guerra Guard rail with impact protection

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7439889U (en) * 1976-06-03 Basalt-Actien-Gesellschaft, 5460 Linz Concrete road separator for multi-lane motorways
FR1306419A (en) * 1961-11-17 1962-10-13 Safety road barriers
FR2086626A5 (en) * 1970-04-03 1971-12-31 France Etat
GB1519181A (en) * 1974-08-14 1978-07-26 Imai H Fence
FR2401274A1 (en) * 1977-08-17 1979-03-23 Ut Vasuttervezoe Vallalat PROTECTION DEVICE, ESPECIALLY FOR ROADS
DE3822641A1 (en) * 1987-07-20 1989-02-02 August Riegler Safety guard-rail system for traffic areas
EP0343091A1 (en) * 1988-05-20 1989-11-23 Claude Pomero Method and devices for keeping vehicles on the road
EP0437414A1 (en) * 1990-01-11 1991-07-17 Antonio Guerra Guard rail with impact protection

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19504025A1 (en) * 1995-02-08 1996-08-22 Tech Sicherheits Syst Gmbh Passive protective device on roads and highways
EP1767701A1 (en) * 2005-09-23 2007-03-28 Sec Envel Method for absorbing an impact against a road safety barrier and safety barrier implemented accordingly
FR2891285A1 (en) * 2005-09-23 2007-03-30 Sec Nevel Sarl METHOD OF ABSORPTION OF SHOCK AGAINST A SAFETY BARRIER FOR CIRCULATION PATHWAY AND SAFETY BARRIER FOR IMPLEMENTATION
EP1793042A1 (en) * 2005-12-01 2007-06-06 Tubosider S.p.A. Impact-resistant beam for guardrail-type crash barriers
WO2007148110A1 (en) * 2006-06-23 2007-12-27 Highway Care Limited Safety barrier
GB2499368A (en) * 2012-01-13 2013-08-21 Zaun Ltd A temporary barrier assembly with barrier members and arrestor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE220148T1 (en) 2002-07-15
DE69332074D1 (en) 2002-08-08
EP0604277B1 (en) 2002-07-03

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