EP0598868B1 - Ship, especially a ferry, with a bow door - Google Patents

Ship, especially a ferry, with a bow door Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0598868B1
EP0598868B1 EP93909916A EP93909916A EP0598868B1 EP 0598868 B1 EP0598868 B1 EP 0598868B1 EP 93909916 A EP93909916 A EP 93909916A EP 93909916 A EP93909916 A EP 93909916A EP 0598868 B1 EP0598868 B1 EP 0598868B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ship
bow
foredeck
insert
hull
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP93909916A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0598868A1 (en
Inventor
Heinz Wendt
Bruno Pataj
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Macor Marine Systems International GmbH
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Macor Marine Systems International GmbH
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Publication of EP0598868A1 publication Critical patent/EP0598868A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/14Hull parts
    • B63B3/46Stems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B19/00Arrangements or adaptations of ports, doors, windows, port-holes, or other openings or covers
    • B63B19/08Ports or like openings in vessels' sides or at the vessels' bow or stern
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/14Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of ramps, gangways or outboard ladders ; Pilot lifts
    • B63B27/143Ramps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/54Ferries
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B19/00Arrangements or adaptations of ports, doors, windows, port-holes, or other openings or covers
    • B63B19/08Ports or like openings in vessels' sides or at the vessels' bow or stern
    • B63B2019/083Bow ports, e.g. for ferries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ship, in particular a ferry, with a bow visor, which has a part of the ship's body in the bow area that includes a section of the front stair that can be folded up about a horizontal axis, and two parts of the side walls of the ship's body cut out below the weather deck on both sides of the front steeper.
  • the bow visor is used to open the ship in the area of its fore-step so that in so-called ro-ro traffic the vehicles retracted at the stern can leave the hull lengthways and without changing direction;
  • the entry and exit directions are of course interchangeable.
  • FR-A-2 312 447 It is known (FR-A-2 312 447) to form the bow visor from the entire bow of the ship above the waterline: the bow part separated by a more or less vertical cut from the rest of the hull is about an axis which is parallel to that of the one to the other side wall runs a continuous joint, pivoted upwards (and forwards). Through the bow opening thus created, for example, a ramp can be pivoted out for the purpose of resting on a quay wall or the like.
  • bow openings have already been made that consist of two gate leaves, which - in the closed position along their common edge forming the bow stem - could be swiveled sideways out of the hull side walls over a certain lateral length above the waterline and below the weather deck.
  • the separation of the bow opening into two independent halves of the door, one of which is swung out to starboard and the other to port, has the non-adherent bow visor previously discussed Disadvantage of low stability, which forces appropriate measures for locking in the closed state and for the opening mechanism.
  • An advantage is the fact that much smaller masses of the hull have to be moved to open these bow doors than in the case of the bow visor described above.
  • the invention aims to combine the advantages of one system with those of the other while avoiding the mutual disadvantages.
  • the solution to this problem is that the bow visor additionally has a section of the weather deck lying above the side wall parts, and the side wall parts and the weather deck section are connected to one another with the associated section of the front step to form an integral ship hull insert, which from a closed position through the cutout of the weather deck section is pivotable into an open position substantially above the weather deck.
  • the insert to be moved to open the bow visor therefore only consists of the side wall sections required (as with the swing-out wing door system to the side) and a weather deck section that exposes a cutout sufficient for the pivoting passage of the two side wall parts. Because these three parts, which run on very different levels, are rigidly connected to one another, the swivel-out insert has great stability.
  • the framework of the hull side walls and weather deck surrounding the insert (in several levels) also has a high level of rigidity, which is important both in the closed and in the opened state of the insert.
  • the proportion of moving masses is reduced to a fraction compared to the bow visor discussed above, which has about the same stiffness in itself. This also reduces the attack surfaces for the sea strike, so that the forces to be absorbed by the bow sight are lower. Moreover, these are cheaper to transfer into the ship's hull due to the fact that the insert is integrated on all sides.
  • the further advantage is significant that, compared to the known bow visor, a considerably smaller proportion of the weather deck in the bow area participates in the opening process and correspondingly more deck area - right up to the front post - for gantry devices and the like. Like. Is available.
  • the insert In its closed position, the insert is preferably sealed off from the rest of the ship's hull. Due to the available (if not necessary) swivel kinematics, it is necessary to change the sealing direction at about half the height of the side wall joints that run more or less parallel to the front bar - namely, where their distance from the swivel axis of the insert is the smallest to let. The measures required for this are known and pose no difficulties. As with the overall configuration according to the invention, the circumstance plays a role here Role that the hull side walls protrude sideways in the bow area.
  • the use in the region of the side edges of the weather deck section running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ship is advantageously fastened to arms running parallel thereto, which are pivotably mounted on uprights on the weather deck. While the rearmost point of the insert (in the hull side walls) expediently lies approximately below the pivot axis of the insert, the weather deck section only needs to extend aft to above the aforementioned seal reversal point, so that the insert on relatively long arms is attached, the pivot axis of which is only a little above the weather deck, which is why the insert only performs a significant forward movement in its lower area when it is pivoted up.
  • the sectional view of the bow region of a ferry in FIG. 1 shows the inner port side.
  • the front leg 2 which in the example is straight, extends obliquely upward, specifically in the bulwark dress 3 beyond the weather deck 4.
  • the side walls 5 of the ship's hull, generally designated 6, extend aft from the front stem 2, the hull 6 widening and the side walls 5 projecting outward in the bow region.
  • the bow visor 9 also includes a section 10 of the weather deck 4, which closes or exposes a section 11 in the weather deck 4 (FIG. 2).
  • the section 10 is firmly connected to the parts 7 (inter alia by vertical struts 12) and forms with them an integral hull insert, which can be pivoted out of the hull in the manner described below and exposes a bow opening in this open position.
  • Fig. 1 the bow visor 9 formed by the above-described insert is shown with solid lines in its closed position inserted into the ship's hull 6 and with dash-dotted lines in its opening position which is essentially moved out of the ship's hull 6, namely pivoted upwards.
  • an arm 13 is attached to section 10 of the weather deck 4 and thus to the bow visor 9 on the port and starboard side, each of which is pivotably mounted on a stand 14 about a common swivel axis 15. Hydraulic cylinders 16 anchored below the stand 14 engage the arms 13 at 17. Eyes 18 serve to lock the arms 13 and thus the bow visor 9 in the (dash-dotted) opening position.
  • the parts 7 of the bow visor 9 (belonging to the ship's side walls 5) are sealed off from the rest of the ship's hull 6, the sealing joints and seals in the interior of the ship's hull being essentially behind the joint between the parts 7 and 7 following the line 8 the associated side walls 5 are arranged.
  • the sections AA and BB (FIGS. 4 and 5) lying below the sealing direction reversal point 20 show a (continuous) sealing profile 22 made of an elastic material, which is fastened to a bracket 23, which in turn is attached to the inner surfaces of the parts 7 of the bow visor 9 , namely adjacent to the joint 8a following the line 8, is welded.
  • the sealing profile 22 is pressed against an abutment 24, which is welded on the inside parallel to the bracket 23 to the surrounding side wall 5.
  • a double seal is provided above the reversal point 20 according to the sections CC (FIG. 6).
  • a sealing profile 22 which is pressed against an abutment 24, is in turn fastened to a bracket 23 on a wall 12a corresponding to the vertical strut 12, which is part of the bow visor insert.
  • an elastic sealing strip 25 is held which, in the closed state of the bow visor 9, is pressed against a coarse wall 26 which is vertically welded to the sloping side walls 5 and projects beyond the surrounding weather deck 4.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
  • Barrages (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Methods And Devices For Loading And Unloading (AREA)
  • Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
  • Hinges (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The bow door (9) of a ferry consists of two sections (7) of the sides (5) on either side of the stem beneath the foredeck (4) and a section (10) of the foredeck lying thereabove. These side and foredeck sections (including the relevant section of the stem) are joined together to form an integral insert in the ship's hull (9). This insert can be pivoted from the closed position into an open position substantially above the foredeck (4) to provide a bow opening through said foredeck.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Schiff, insbesondere Fährschiff, mit einem Bugvisier, welches aus einem um eine horizontal verlaufende Achse hochklappbaren einen Abschnitt des Vorderstevens einschließenden Teil des Schiffkörpers im Bugbereich und zwei beidseits des Vorderstevens unterhalb des Wetterdecks ausgeschnittene Teil der Seitenwände des Schiffskörpers aufweist. Das Bugvisier dient dem Öffnen des Schiffes im Bereich seines Vorderstevens, um im sog. Ro-Ro-Verkehr den am Heck eingefahrenen Fahrzeugen das Verlassen des Schiffskörpers in Längsrichtung und ohne Richtungswechsel zu ermöglichen; selbstverständlich sind Einfahrt- und Ausfahrtrichtung austauschbar.The invention relates to a ship, in particular a ferry, with a bow visor, which has a part of the ship's body in the bow area that includes a section of the front stair that can be folded up about a horizontal axis, and two parts of the side walls of the ship's body cut out below the weather deck on both sides of the front steeper. The bow visor is used to open the ship in the area of its fore-step so that in so-called ro-ro traffic the vehicles retracted at the stern can leave the hull lengthways and without changing direction; The entry and exit directions are of course interchangeable.

Es ist bekannt (FR-A-2 312 447), das Bugvisier aus dem gesamten Schiffsbug oberhalb der Wasserlinie zu bilden: der durch einen mehr oder weniger vertikalen Schnitt vom restlichen Schiffskörper getrennte Bugteil wird um eine Achse, welche parallel zu der von der einen zur anderen Seitenwand quer durchgehenden Trennfuge verläuft, nach oben (und vorn) geschwenkt. Durch die so entstehende Bugöffnung kann beispielsweise eine Rampe zwecks Auflage auf einer Kaimauer o. dgl. herausgeschwenkt werden.It is known (FR-A-2 312 447) to form the bow visor from the entire bow of the ship above the waterline: the bow part separated by a more or less vertical cut from the rest of the hull is about an axis which is parallel to that of the one to the other side wall runs a continuous joint, pivoted upwards (and forwards). Through the bow opening thus created, for example, a ramp can be pivoted out for the purpose of resting on a quay wall or the like.

Es liegt auf der Hand, daß das Hochschwenken des gesamten oberhalb der Wasserlinie liegenden Bugabschnitts bei einem größeren (Fähr-)Schiff bedeutet, erhebliche Gewichte bewegen zu müssen. Dies wiederum verlangt entsprechend starke und teure Bewegungsmechanismen und -steuerungen. Hinzu kommt, daß der hochgeklappte Bugabschnitt der Bedienungsmannschaft gerade beim Anlaufen des Liegeplatzes, also etwa beim Einlaufen in ein Fährbett, über die gesamte Schiffsbreite die Sicht nimmt; andererseits ist nicht zuletzt wegen des auch nach vorne ausschwenkenden Bugvisiers sein relativ frühzeitiges Öffnen notwendig.It is obvious that swiveling up the entire bow section above the waterline means having to move considerable weights on a larger (ferry) ship. This in turn requires correspondingly powerful and expensive movement mechanisms and controls. In addition, the raised bow section of the operating team takes in the view of the entire width of the ship, especially when approaching the berth, for example when entering a ferry bed; on the other hand, not least because of the bow visor swinging out towards the front, its relatively early opening is necessary.

Man hat daher auch schon Bugöffnungen hergestellt, die aus zwei Torflügeln bestanden, welche - in Schließstellung entlang ihrer gemeinsamen Kante den Bugsteven bildend - oberhalb der Wasserlinie und unterhalb des Wetterdecks über eine gewisse seitliche Länge aus den Schiffsrumpf-Seitenwänden seitlich herausschwenkbar waren. Die Trennung der Bugöffnung in zwei voneinander unabhängige Torhälften, von denen die eine nach Steuerbord, die andere nach Backbord ausgeschwenkt wird, hat den - dem zuvor besprochenen Bugvisier nicht anhaftenden Nachteil geringer Stabilität, der zu entsprechenden Maßnahmen bei der Verriegelung im Schließzustand sowie bei der Öffnungsmechanik zwingt. Von Vorteil ist allerdings der Umstand, daß zum Öffnen dieser Bugtüren sehr viel geringere Massen des Schiffskörpers bewegt werden müssen als im Falle des zuvor beschriebenen Bugvisiers.For this reason, bow openings have already been made that consist of two gate leaves, which - in the closed position along their common edge forming the bow stem - could be swiveled sideways out of the hull side walls over a certain lateral length above the waterline and below the weather deck. The separation of the bow opening into two independent halves of the door, one of which is swung out to starboard and the other to port, has the non-adherent bow visor previously discussed Disadvantage of low stability, which forces appropriate measures for locking in the closed state and for the opening mechanism. An advantage, however, is the fact that much smaller masses of the hull have to be moved to open these bow doors than in the case of the bow visor described above.

Die Erfindung erstrebt eine Kombination der Vorteile des einen Systems mit denen des anderen unter gleichzeitiger Vermeidung der beiderseitigen Nachteile. Die Lösung dieses Problems besteht darin, daß das Bugvisier zusätzlich einen über den Seitenwandteilen liegenden Abschnitt des Wetterdecks, aufweist und die Seitenwandteile und der Wetterdecksabschnitt untereinander mit dem zugehörigen Abschnitt des Vorderstevens zu einem integralen Schiffsrumpf-Einsatz verbunden sind, der aus einer Schließstellung durch den Ausschnitt des Wetterdeck-Abschnitts hindurch in eine Offenstellung im wesentlichen oberhalb des Wetterdecks schwenkbar ist.The invention aims to combine the advantages of one system with those of the other while avoiding the mutual disadvantages. The solution to this problem is that the bow visor additionally has a section of the weather deck lying above the side wall parts, and the side wall parts and the weather deck section are connected to one another with the associated section of the front step to form an integral ship hull insert, which from a closed position through the cutout of the weather deck section is pivotable into an open position substantially above the weather deck.

Der zum Öffnen des Bugvisiers zu bewegende Einsatz besteht also hinsichtlich der Bugöffnung nur aus den insoweit erforderlichen Seitenwandabschnitten (wie beim seitlich ausschwenkbaren Flügeltür-System) sowie einem Wetterdeck-Abschnitt, der einen zum Schwenkdurchtritt der beiden Seitenwand-Teile ausreichenden Ausschnitt freilegt. Weil diese drei in sehr unterschiedlichen Ebenen verlaufenden Teile untereinander starr verbunden sind, wohnt dem herausschwenkbaren Einsatz eine große Stabilität inne. Und weil zugleich ein bugseits um den Wetterdeck-Ausschnitt geschlossen umlaufender Abschnitt des Wetterdecks mit den Seitenwandabschnitten oberhalb des Einsatzes zu einem den Einsatz vorn und seitlich um- und überragenden Schiffsrumpfabschnitt verbunden werden kann, besitzt auch das den Einsatz (in mehreren Ebenen) umgebende Rahmenwerk aus Schiffsrumpf-Seitenwänden und Wetterdeck eine hohe Steifigkeit, die sowohl im Schließals auch im Öffnungszustand des Einsatzes von Bedeutung ist.With regard to the bow opening, the insert to be moved to open the bow visor therefore only consists of the side wall sections required (as with the swing-out wing door system to the side) and a weather deck section that exposes a cutout sufficient for the pivoting passage of the two side wall parts. Because these three parts, which run on very different levels, are rigidly connected to one another, the swivel-out insert has great stability. And because at the same time a section of the weather deck that is closed around the bow of the weather deck cutout with the side wall sections above the insert forms a insert around and around the insert outstanding hull section can be connected, the framework of the hull side walls and weather deck surrounding the insert (in several levels) also has a high level of rigidity, which is important both in the closed and in the opened state of the insert.

Darüber hinaus wird der Anteil bewegter Massen gegenüber dem eingangs besprochenen Bugvisier, welches für sich genommen etwa dieselbe Steifigkeit besitzt, auf einen Bruchteil reduziert. Damit verringern sich auch die Angriffsflächen für den Seeschlag, so daß die insoweit vom Bugvisier aufzunehmenden Kräfte geringer sind. Diese sind überdies wegen der allseitigen Einbindung des Einsatzes günstiger in den Schiffsrumpf zu übertragen.In addition, the proportion of moving masses is reduced to a fraction compared to the bow visor discussed above, which has about the same stiffness in itself. This also reduces the attack surfaces for the sea strike, so that the forces to be absorbed by the bow sight are lower. Moreover, these are cheaper to transfer into the ship's hull due to the fact that the insert is integrated on all sides.

Für den Schiffsbetrieb ist der weitere Vorteil bedeutsam, daß im Vergleich zum bekannten Bugvisier ein erheblich kleinerer Anteil des Wetterdecks im Bugbereich am Öffnungsvorgang teilnimmt und entsprechend mehr Decksfläche - bis hin zum Vordersteven - für Verholeinrichtungen u. dgl. zur Verfügung steht.For ship operation, the further advantage is significant that, compared to the known bow visor, a considerably smaller proportion of the weather deck in the bow area participates in the opening process and correspondingly more deck area - right up to the front post - for gantry devices and the like. Like. Is available.

Vorzugsweise ist der Einsatz in seiner Schließstellung gegenüber dem übrigen Schiffsrumpf abgedichtet. Dabei ist es aufgrund der sich anbietenden (wenn nicht erforderlichen) Schwenkkinematik notwendig, auf etwa halber Höhe der mehr oder minder parallel zum Vordersteven verlaufenden Seitenwand-Fugen - nämlich dort, wo deren Abstand von der Schwenkachse des Einsatzes am geringsten ist - die Dichtrichtung umspringen zu lassen. Die hierfür erforderlichen Maßnahmen sind bekannt und bereiten keine Schwierigkeiten. Dabei spielt - wie bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung insgesamt - der Umstand eine Rolle, daß die Schiffsrumpf-Seitenwände im Bugbereich seitwärts stark auskragen.In its closed position, the insert is preferably sealed off from the rest of the ship's hull. Due to the available (if not necessary) swivel kinematics, it is necessary to change the sealing direction at about half the height of the side wall joints that run more or less parallel to the front bar - namely, where their distance from the swivel axis of the insert is the smallest to let. The measures required for this are known and pose no difficulties. As with the overall configuration according to the invention, the circumstance plays a role here Role that the hull side walls protrude sideways in the bow area.

Vorteilhaft ist der Einsatz im Bereich der parallel zur Schiffslängsachse verlaufende Seitenränder des Wetterdeck-Abschnitts an parallel dazu verlaufenden Armen befestigt, welche an Ständern auf dem Wetterdeck schwenkbar gelagert sind. Während der rückwärtigste Punkt des Einsatzes (in den Schiffsrumpf-Seitenwänden) zweckmäßig etwa unterhalb der Einsatz-Schwenkachse liegt, braucht sich der Wetterdeck-Abschnitt nach achtern nur etwa bis oberhalb des vorerwähnten Dichtungs-Umkehrpunktes zu erstrecken, so daß der Einsatz an relativ langen Armen befestigt ist, deren Schwenkachse im Verhältnis dazu nur wenig oberhalb des Wetterdecks liegt, weshalb der Einsatz nur in seinem unteren Bereich eine ins Gewicht fallende Bewegung nach vorn ausführt, wenn er hochgeschwenkt wird.The use in the region of the side edges of the weather deck section running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ship is advantageously fastened to arms running parallel thereto, which are pivotably mounted on uprights on the weather deck. While the rearmost point of the insert (in the hull side walls) expediently lies approximately below the pivot axis of the insert, the weather deck section only needs to extend aft to above the aforementioned seal reversal point, so that the insert on relatively long arms is attached, the pivot axis of which is only a little above the weather deck, which is why the insert only performs a significant forward movement in its lower area when it is pivoted up.

Vor allem aber sind es die wesentlich geringere Breite und Höhe des Einsatzes, welche gegenüber dem eingangs angesprochenen Bugvisier (aus einem über die gesamte Schiffsbreite und größere -höhe durchgehenden Bugabschnitt) die Sicht von der Brücke beim Einlaufen in ein Fährbett mit geöffnetem Bugvisier wesentlich verbessert.Above all, however, it is the significantly smaller width and height of the insert that, compared to the bow visor mentioned above (from a bow section that extends across the entire width and height of the ship) significantly improves the view from the bridge when entering a ferry bed with the bow visor open.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile des neuen Bugvisiers ergeben sich aus der nachstehenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der Zeichnungen. Es zeigt in schematischer Darstellung:

Fig. 1
den Bug eines Schiffes mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Bugvisier im Längsschnitt;
Fig. 2
eine Draufsicht auf im wesentlichen den in Fig. 1 dargestellten Bugbereich des Schiffes, jedoch nur bis zu dessen Längsmittellinie;
Fig. 3
eine seitlich abgebrochene Ansicht des Schiffes von vorn bei geöffnetem Bugvisier;
Fig. 4
einen Schnitt durch die Bugvisierdichtung gemäß der Linie A-A in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5
einen entsprechenden Schnitt gemäß der Linie B-B in Fig. 1; und
Fig. 6
einen weiteren Schnitt gemäß den Linien C-C in Fig. 1.
Further details and advantages of the new bow visor result from the following description of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawings. It shows in a schematic representation:
Fig. 1
the bow of a ship with the bow visor according to the invention in longitudinal section;
Fig. 2
a plan view of essentially the bow area of the ship shown in Figure 1, but only up to its longitudinal center line;
Fig. 3
a side broken view of the ship from the front with the bow visor open;
Fig. 4
a section through the bow visor seal along the line AA in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5
a corresponding section along the line BB in Fig. 1; and
Fig. 6
a further section along the lines CC in Fig. 1st

Die Schnittansicht des Bugbereichs eines Fährschiffes in Fig. 1 stellt die innere Backbordseite dar. Oberhalb eines Wulstbugs 1 erstreckt sich der im Beispiel gerade Vordersteven 2 schräg nach oben, und zwar im Bereich des Schanzkleides 3 über das Wetterdeck 4 hinaus. Vom Vordersteven 2 erstrecken sich die Seitenwände 5 des im ganzen mit 6 bezeichneten Schiffsrumpfes nach achtern, wobei sich der Schiffskörper 6 verbreitert und die Seitenwände 5 im Bugbereich auswärts auskragen.The sectional view of the bow region of a ferry in FIG. 1 shows the inner port side. Above a bulge 1, the front leg 2, which in the example is straight, extends obliquely upward, specifically in the bulwark dress 3 beyond the weather deck 4. The side walls 5 of the ship's hull, generally designated 6, extend aft from the front stem 2, the hull 6 widening and the side walls 5 projecting outward in the bow region.

Unterhalb des Wetterdecks 4 sind beidseits des Vorderstevens 2 Teile 7 der beiden - am Vordersteven 2 zusammenlaufenden - Seitenwände 5 aus diesen ausgeschnitten, und zwar entlang einer Linie 8, welche sich zunächst unterhalb des Wetterdecks 4 und parallel zu diesem vom Vordersteven 2 nach achtern erstreckt, dann im wesentlichen parallel zum Vordersteven schräg nach achtern und unten verläuft und oberhalb des Wulstbugs 1 zum Vordersteven 2 zurückkehrt. Die beiden auf der Backbord- und auf der Steuerbordseite aus den Seitenwänden 5 herausgeschnittenen Teile 7 sind - ähnlich Schmetterlingsflügeln - zu einem im ganzen mit 9 bezeichneten Bugvisier miteinander verbunden. Zum Bugvisier 9 gehört ferner ein Abschnitt 10 des Wetterdecks 4, welcher einen Ausschnitt 11 im Wetterdeck 4 schließt bzw. freilegt (Fig. 2). Der Abschnitt 10 ist mit den Teilen 7 fest verbunden (u.a. durch Vertikalstreben 12) und bildet mit diesen ein integrales Schiffsrumpf-Einsatzstück, welches in der nachstehend beschriebenen Weise aus dem Schiffsrumpf herausgeschwenkt werden kann und in dieser Öffnungsstellung eine Bugöffnung freilegt.Below the weather deck 4, on both sides of the front step 2 parts 7 of the two side walls 5 - which converge on the front step 2 - are cut out of them, namely along a line 8 which initially extends aft below the weather deck 4 and parallel to it from the front step 2, then runs essentially parallel to the front stem diagonally aft and down and returns to the front stem 2 above the bulge 1. The two parts 7 cut out of the side walls 5 on the port side and on the starboard side are - similar to butterfly wings - together to form a bow visor, designated as a whole by 9 connected. The bow visor 9 also includes a section 10 of the weather deck 4, which closes or exposes a section 11 in the weather deck 4 (FIG. 2). The section 10 is firmly connected to the parts 7 (inter alia by vertical struts 12) and forms with them an integral hull insert, which can be pivoted out of the hull in the manner described below and exposes a bow opening in this open position.

In Fig. 1 ist das vom vorstehend beschriebenen Einsatz gebildete Bugvisier 9 mit ausgezogenen Linien in seiner in den Schiffsrumpf 6 eingefügten Schließstellung dargestellt sowie mit strichpunktierten Linien in seiner aus dem Schiffsrumpf 6 im wesentlichen herausbewegten, nämlich nach oben geschwenkten Öffnungstellung. Zum Zwecke des Herausschwenkens sind am Abschnitt 10 des Wetterdecks 4 und damit dem Bugvisier 9 backbord- und steuerbordseitig je ein Arm 13 befestigt, deren jeder an einem Ständer 14 um eine gemeinsame Schwenkachse 15 schwenkbar gelagert ist. Unterhalb der Ständer 14 verankerte Hydraulikzylinder 16 greifen bei 17 an den Armen 13 an. Augen 18 dienen der Verriegelung der Arme 13 und damit des Bugvisiers 9 in der (strichpunktiert gezeichneten) Öffnungstellung.In Fig. 1, the bow visor 9 formed by the above-described insert is shown with solid lines in its closed position inserted into the ship's hull 6 and with dash-dotted lines in its opening position which is essentially moved out of the ship's hull 6, namely pivoted upwards. For the purpose of swiveling out, an arm 13 is attached to section 10 of the weather deck 4 and thus to the bow visor 9 on the port and starboard side, each of which is pivotably mounted on a stand 14 about a common swivel axis 15. Hydraulic cylinders 16 anchored below the stand 14 engage the arms 13 at 17. Eyes 18 serve to lock the arms 13 and thus the bow visor 9 in the (dash-dotted) opening position.

Die aus den Endstellungen der Schwenkbewegung des Bugvisiers 9 erkennbare Schwenkbewegung beim Öffnen bzw. Schließen des Bugvisiers macht deutlich, daß der Ausschnitt 11 im Wetterdeck 4 und damit der zum Bugvisier-Einsatz 9 gehörende Abschnitt 10 des Wetterdecks in Längsrichtung des Schiffes kürzer sein kann als sich die Teile 7 des Bugvisiers 9 nach achtern erstrecken. Dies führt zu einem kompakten Aufbau des Bugvisiers 9 und einer weiteren Verringerung der beim Öffnen und Schließen des Bugvisiers zu bewegenden Massen.The recognizable from the end positions of the pivoting movement of the bow visor 9 pivoting movement when opening or closing the bow visor makes it clear that the cutout 11 in the weather deck 4 and thus the section 10 of the weather deck belonging to the bow visor insert 9 can be shorter in the longitudinal direction of the ship than itself the parts 7 of the bow visor 9 extend aft. This leads to a compact structure of the bow visor 9 and a further reduction in the masses to be moved when opening and closing the bow visor.

Oberhalb der parallel zum Wetterdeck 4 verlaufenden Abschnitte der Linien 8 bleibt ein bugseits um den zum Bugvisier 9 gehörenden Abschnitt 10 des Wetterdecks 4 umlaufender Abschnitt des Wetterdecks 4 vom Bugvisier 9 und dessen Öffnungs- bzw. Schließbewegungen unberührt. Gleiches gilt von den daran anschließenden Seitenwandabschnitten oberhalb jener Abschnitte der Linie 8, so daß ein mit dem übrigen Schiffsrumpf 6 verbundener, bügelförmiger Schiffsrumpfabschnitt 19 den das Bugvisier 9 bildenden Einsatz vorn sowie seitlich um- und überragt. Demgemäß bleibt auch das Schanzkleid 3 vom Bugvisier 9 unberührt.Above the sections of lines 8 running parallel to weather deck 4, a section of weather deck 4 surrounding bow section 9 of weather visor 9 and bow opening 9 remains unaffected by bow visor 9 and its opening and closing movements. The same applies to the adjoining side wall sections above those sections of line 8, so that a bow-shaped ship hull section 19 connected to the rest of the ship's hull 6 surrounds and overhangs the insert forming the bow visor 9 at the front and laterally. Accordingly, bulwark 3 remains unaffected by bow visor 9.

Im wesentlichen entlang den Linien 8 sind die (zu den Schiffseitenwänden 5 gehörenden) Teile 7 des Bugvisiers 9 gegenüber dem übrigen Schiffsrumpf 6 abgedichtet, wobei die Dichtungsfugen und Dichtungen im Innern des Schiffsrumpfes im wesentlichen hinter der der Linie 8 folgenden Trennfuge zwischen den Teilen 7 und den zugehörigen Seitenwänden 5 angeordnet sind.Essentially along the lines 8, the parts 7 of the bow visor 9 (belonging to the ship's side walls 5) are sealed off from the rest of the ship's hull 6, the sealing joints and seals in the interior of the ship's hull being essentially behind the joint between the parts 7 and 7 following the line 8 the associated side walls 5 are arranged.

Die Fig. 4 bis 6 zeigen eine mögliche Ausbildung der Dichtungsanordnung. Dabei ist zu beachten, daß im oberen Bereich des Bugvisiers 9 bei dessen Öffnen die Teile 7 sogleich in den Schiffsrumpf 6 eindringen (was wegen der dort stark auskragenden Seitenwände 5 möglich ist), während im unteren Bereich die Teile 7 sich zunächst auswärts - also von den sie umgebenden anschließenden Abschnitten der Seitenwände 5 weg - bewegen, ehe sie später auch durch den oberen Bereich der vom geöffneten Bugvisier 9 freigelegten bugseitigen Öffnung (Linie 8) der Seitenwände 5 sowie den Ausschnitt 11 im Wetterdeck 4 hindurchgeschwenkt werden. Deshalb ist es erforderlich, bei 20 einen Wechsel in der Dichtrichtung vorzunehmen; bei 20 hat die Linie 8 den geringsten Abschnitt von der Schwenkachse 15 der Arme 13 und damit des Bugvisiers 9.4 to 6 show a possible design of the sealing arrangement. It should be noted that in the upper area of the bow visor 9, when it is opened, the parts 7 immediately penetrate into the ship's hull 6 (which is possible because of the side walls 5 projecting there), while in the lower area the parts 7 initially move outwards - i.e. from move the surrounding sections of the side walls 5 away, before they later also through the upper area of the bow-side opening exposed by the open bow visor 9 (line 8) the side walls 5 and the cutout 11 can be pivoted through in the weather deck 4. It is therefore necessary to change the sealing direction at 20; at 20, the line 8 has the smallest section from the pivot axis 15 of the arms 13 and thus the bow visor 9.

Die unterhalb des Dichtrichtungs-Umkehrpunktes 20 liegenden Schnitte A-A und B-B (Fig. 4 und 5) zeigen ein (durchlaufendes) Dichtungsprofil 22 aus einem elastischen Werkstoff, welches an einer Konsole 23 befestigt ist, die ihrerseits an den Innenflächen der Teile 7 des Bugvisiers 9, und zwar benachbart der der Linie 8 folgenden Trennfuge 8a, angeschweißt ist. Im dargestellten Schließzustand ist das Dichtungsprofil 22 an ein Widerlager 24 gepreßt, das entsprechend parallel zu der Konsole 23 innen an die umgebende Seitenwand 5 geschweißt ist.The sections AA and BB (FIGS. 4 and 5) lying below the sealing direction reversal point 20 show a (continuous) sealing profile 22 made of an elastic material, which is fastened to a bracket 23, which in turn is attached to the inner surfaces of the parts 7 of the bow visor 9 , namely adjacent to the joint 8a following the line 8, is welded. In the illustrated closed state, the sealing profile 22 is pressed against an abutment 24, which is welded on the inside parallel to the bracket 23 to the surrounding side wall 5.

Oberhalb des Umkehrpunktes 20 ist gemäß den Schnitten C-C (Fig. 6) eine Doppeldichtung vorgesehen. Einerseits ist an einer der Vertikalstrebe 12 entsprechenden Wandung 12a, welche Teil des Bugvisier-Einsatzes ist, wiederum an einer Konsole 23 ein Dichtungsprofil 22 befestigt, welches gegen ein Widerlager 24 gepreßt wird. Andererseits ist unterseitig an dem ebenfalls zum Bugvisier 9 gehörenden Abschnitt 10, welcher nach Art eines Lukendeckels gegenüber dem übrigen Wetterdeck 4 etwas nach oben versetzt ist, ein elastischer Dichtungsstreifen 25 gehalten, welche im Schließzustand des Bugvisiers 9 gegen eine süllartige Wandung 26 gepreßt wird, die vertikal an den schräg verlaufenden Seitenwänden 5 angeschweißt ist und das umgebende Wetterdeck 4 überragt.A double seal is provided above the reversal point 20 according to the sections CC (FIG. 6). On the one hand, a sealing profile 22, which is pressed against an abutment 24, is in turn fastened to a bracket 23 on a wall 12a corresponding to the vertical strut 12, which is part of the bow visor insert. On the other hand, on the underside of the section 10 which also belongs to the bow visor 9 and which is offset somewhat upwards in the manner of a hatch cover relative to the rest of the weather deck 4, an elastic sealing strip 25 is held which, in the closed state of the bow visor 9, is pressed against a coarse wall 26 which is vertically welded to the sloping side walls 5 and projects beyond the surrounding weather deck 4.

Der Vollständigkeit wegen sei noch darauf hingewiesen, daß sich in Längsrichtung des Schiffes hinter dem Bugvisier 9 eine ausschwenkbare und auffaltbare Rampe 30 befindet, welche mit den (in Fig. 2 und 3 erkennbaren) schrägen Seitenwänden 31 im eingefahrenen Zustand ein Kollisionsschott bildet, bei geöffnetem Bugvisier aber ausgeschwenkt und aufgefaltet sowie - über den Wulstbug 1 hinweg - auf eine Kaimauer o. dgl. aufgelegt werden kann.For the sake of completeness, it should also be pointed out that in the longitudinal direction of the ship there is a swing-out and fold-out ramp 30 behind the bow visor 9, which forms a collision bulkhead with the inclined side walls 31 (shown in FIGS. 2 and 3) in the retracted state, when open But bow visor can be swung out and unfolded and - over the bulge 1 - placed on a quay wall or the like.

Claims (5)

  1. A ship, in particular a ferry, having a bow door (9), which consists of a part of the ship's hull (6) in the bow region, which can be upwardly tilted around a horizontally extending axis (15) and encloses a portion of the stem (2), and comprises two parts (7) of the side walls (5) of the ships's hull (6) cut out on either side of the stem (2) beneath the foredeck (4),
    characterised in that the bow door (9) additionally comprises a portion (10) of the foredeck (4) lying over the side wall parts (7) and the side wall parts (7) and the foredeck portion (10) are joined to one another with the associated portion of the stem (2) to form an integral ship's hull insert, which can be swivelled out of a closed position through the section (11) of the foredeck portion (10) into an open position substantially above the foredeck (4).
  2. A ship according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that a portion of the foredeck, which on the bow side extends around the foredeck portion (10) in a tight manner, is connected to the side wall portions above the insert (bow door 9) to form a ship's hull portion (19) which protrudes around and over the insert at the front and laterally.
  3. A ship according to Claim 1 or 2,
    characterised in that the insert (bow door 9) is sealed in its closed position with respect to the remaining ship's hull (6).
  4. A ship according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterised in that, in the region of the side edges of the foredeck portion (10) extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ship, the insert (bow door 9) is attached to arms (13) extending parallel thereto, which are pivoted to stanchions (14) on the foredeck (4).
  5. A ship according to Claim 4,
    characterised in that hydraulic cylinders (16) attached beneath the stanchions (14) act with their pistons on the arms (13).
EP93909916A 1992-06-24 1993-05-07 Ship, especially a ferry, with a bow door Expired - Lifetime EP0598868B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4220435 1992-06-24
DE4220435A DE4220435A1 (en) 1992-06-24 1992-06-24 Ship, especially ferry, with a bow visor
PCT/EP1993/001119 WO1994000331A1 (en) 1992-06-24 1993-05-07 Ship, especially a ferry, with a bow door

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0598868A1 EP0598868A1 (en) 1994-06-01
EP0598868B1 true EP0598868B1 (en) 1995-10-11

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ID=6461571

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93909916A Expired - Lifetime EP0598868B1 (en) 1992-06-24 1993-05-07 Ship, especially a ferry, with a bow door

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US (1) US5462002A (en)
EP (1) EP0598868B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH06510009A (en)
KR (1) KR0178068B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1039298C (en)
AR (1) AR247359A1 (en)
BR (1) BR9305559A (en)
CA (1) CA2116222A1 (en)
DE (2) DE4220435A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0598868T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2079975T3 (en)
FI (1) FI940848A (en)
IT (1) IT1256613B (en)
NO (1) NO179069C (en)
PL (1) PL175186B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2100245C1 (en)
TR (1) TR27448A (en)
WO (1) WO1994000331A1 (en)

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SE9403718L (en) * 1994-10-31 1996-05-01 Sven Lissol Johansson Safety device for a ship
US7168382B2 (en) * 2004-07-07 2007-01-30 Burg Donald E Beachable high speed marine vehicle
EP2305554B1 (en) * 2009-09-23 2014-04-23 ABB Oy Method and arrangement for operating a ship ramp
NL2007377C2 (en) * 2011-09-09 2013-03-12 Applied Power Inc Marine shell door including hydraulic actuator unit.
KR101281651B1 (en) * 2012-02-14 2013-07-03 삼성중공업 주식회사 Door apparatus for vessel
CN103144738A (en) * 2013-03-26 2013-06-12 中国人民解放军镇江船艇学院 Deformable ship stem with flexible air bag
TWI585004B (en) * 2014-09-05 2017-06-01 台灣國際造船股份有限公司 Bow structure of ship
RU2582750C1 (en) * 2015-04-16 2016-04-27 Федеральное Государственное Автономное Образовательное Учреждение Высшего Профессионального Образования "Дальневосточный Федеральный Университет" (Двфу) Ship hull fore end
RU2585206C1 (en) * 2015-04-16 2016-05-27 Федеральное Государственное Автономное Образовательное Учреждение Высшего Профессионального Образования "Дальневосточный Федеральный Университет" (Двфу) Ship hull fore end
JP6169143B2 (en) * 2015-09-18 2017-07-26 運上船舶工業有限会社 Ship with bow valve
CN105480375B (en) * 2015-11-26 2019-10-01 中国船舶工业集团公司第七〇八研究所 A kind of the axe type head and scientific investigation ship of Anti-bubble
CN105649461B (en) * 2015-12-30 2017-09-12 王静 Sensory perceptual system is put in rising for ships and light boats bow door
CN107054556A (en) * 2016-12-23 2017-08-18 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 It is first that one kind reduces the increased novel ball of resistance in waves
CN108248772A (en) * 2016-12-28 2018-07-06 纽泰克有限公司 Ship used for aquiculture with bow visor
WO2020022945A2 (en) * 2018-07-19 2020-01-30 Macgregor Sweden Ab Ship comprising a bow door arrangement and/or a bow ramp arrangement
WO2020079089A1 (en) * 2018-10-16 2020-04-23 Flensburger Schiffbau-Gesellschaft Mbh & Co. Kg Roll-on/roll-off ship with improved hull shape
US11008074B2 (en) * 2018-11-30 2021-05-18 Chesapeake Shipbuilding Corp. Passenger vessel with retractable, concealable bow gangway and method for deploying, retracting and concealing a passenger vessel's gangway
CN110877659A (en) * 2019-11-15 2020-03-13 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 Ship side door structure

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GB1085752A (en) * 1963-09-20 1967-10-04 Johan Hagelsteen Mohr Improvements in or relating to the loading and unloading of ships
US3280777A (en) * 1965-07-02 1966-10-25 West India Shipping Company In Integrated ramp doors for ship
NZ180850A (en) * 1975-05-27 1979-04-26 Container Cargo Carriers Corp Container ship loaded through ramped entrance at bow
US4135468A (en) * 1976-07-01 1979-01-23 Wharton Shipping Corporation Barge-carrying waterborne vessel and transportation method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK0598868T3 (en) 1995-12-04
JPH06510009A (en) 1994-11-10
KR0178068B1 (en) 1999-04-15
PL302572A1 (en) 1994-08-08
NO179069C (en) 1996-07-31
NO940617L (en) 1994-02-23
NO179069B (en) 1996-04-22
RU2100245C1 (en) 1997-12-27
ES2079975T3 (en) 1996-01-16
CA2116222A1 (en) 1993-12-25
CN1039298C (en) 1998-07-29
AR247359A1 (en) 1994-12-29
IT1256613B (en) 1995-12-12
TR27448A (en) 1995-05-24
US5462002A (en) 1995-10-31
PL175186B1 (en) 1998-11-30
FI940848A0 (en) 1994-02-23
FI940848A (en) 1994-02-23
WO1994000331A1 (en) 1994-01-06
DE4220435A1 (en) 1994-01-05
DE59300749D1 (en) 1995-11-16
ITMI922746A1 (en) 1994-05-30
BR9305559A (en) 1995-12-26
ITMI922746A0 (en) 1992-11-30
EP0598868A1 (en) 1994-06-01
CN1082501A (en) 1994-02-23
NO940617D0 (en) 1994-02-23

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