EP0595048B1 - Pregrinding and dosing device, especially for large plants for shredding documents or other waste - Google Patents

Pregrinding and dosing device, especially for large plants for shredding documents or other waste Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0595048B1
EP0595048B1 EP93115764A EP93115764A EP0595048B1 EP 0595048 B1 EP0595048 B1 EP 0595048B1 EP 93115764 A EP93115764 A EP 93115764A EP 93115764 A EP93115764 A EP 93115764A EP 0595048 B1 EP0595048 B1 EP 0595048B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting
comminuting device
preliminary
cutter
disc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93115764A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0595048A3 (en
EP0595048A2 (en
Inventor
Hermann Schwelling
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0595048A2 publication Critical patent/EP0595048A2/en
Publication of EP0595048A3 publication Critical patent/EP0595048A3/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B02C18/182—Disc-shaped knives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0007—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating documents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0007—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating documents
    • B02C2018/0069—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating documents with stripping devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pre-shredding and dosing device, in particular for large plants for the destruction of files and the like. Waste materials in a basic construction which can be extracted from the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • cutters with a bevel on one side are already known for document shredders, which in one variant abut one another in pairs with their highest circumferential edges and thereby have larger axial distances between the pairs of discs.
  • Such a cutter alone is not suitable for the destruction or pre-shredding of thick bundles of files, just like the shredding device for waste materials known from DE-U-92 00 058.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore above all to eliminate the known disadvantages of devices previously on the market in a convincing and at the same time also save drive energy by a novel design of the pre-shredder cutting unit.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 which is shown purely schematically in FIGS. 1 and 2, is formed by a waste filler chute "E" with a pre-shredder arranged on the bottom side thereof and made up of cutting disks 3, 4 equipped with cutting rollers 3, 4, with this being a largely vertically directed discharge chute “AL “followed by a largely horizontally directed conveyor belt” F “leading to a secondary shredder” NZ ";
  • the waste material is fed in via the "SF” inclined conveyor.
  • Automatic, load-dependent control of the material feed is important here, especially with reversing operation of secondary shredder "NZ” and conveyor belt “F” if the cutting unit there is overloaded.
  • the connection of the conveyor belt “F” before the secondary shredder “NZ” has an additional homogenizing effect for the dosing.
  • the crushing effect of the new cutting unit is further supported or improved by the resulting from different cutting disc diameters "D 1 and D 2 " for each cutting roller 1 and 2 and at the same time different roller speeds including possibly different heights "H" of the stylus or teeth 3b and 4b , changing feed or engagement conditions on the shredder.
  • the new system is ultimately completed by the "E" infeed shaft from both sides the interstices between the pairs of knife disks up to the cutting roller base 1a and 2a scraper grate bars 5, advantageously at least the free ends 5a of the bars 5 being inclined or chamfered towards the roller base 1a and 2a and thus the waste material always leading to the comminution members.
  • the conveyor belt “F” is independent of the material input by the feeder at any time, the additional loading of the secondary shredder "NZ" with sheet material or the like to be destroyed. possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorzerkleinerungs- und Dosiervorrichtung, insbesondere für Großanlagen zur Vernichtung von Akten u.ä. Abfallmaterialien in einer aus dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 entnehmbaren Grundbauweise.The invention relates to a pre-shredding and dosing device, in particular for large plants for the destruction of files and the like. Waste materials in a basic construction which can be extracted from the preamble of patent claim 1.

Bekannt ist eine derartige Vorrichtung bereits aus der DE-OS 39 25 581 ( PAAL'S ), jedoch in der Praxis mit dem großen Nachteil behaftet, daß das dort gezeigte, aus Scheibe an Scheibe bestehende Schneidwerk nicht nur dicke Aktenbündel oder Aktenordner schlecht erfaßt, sondern zudem noch beim Zerkleinern in Materialstränge zusammenpreßt, die dann durch ein gesondertes, nachgeordnetes Wirbelaggregat aufwendiger Bauweise vor ihrer Weiterleitung zu einem Feinzerkleinerer erst aufgelöst werden müssen.Such a device is already known from DE-OS 39 25 581 (PAAL'S), but in practice it has the major disadvantage that the cutting device shown there, consisting of disk to disk, not only badly records thick bundles of files or folders, but also still crushes into strands of material, which then have to be resolved by a separate, subordinate vortex unit of complex construction before being passed on to a fine shredder.

Aus der DE - A - 38 06 119 sind bei Aktenvernichtern weiterhin bereits Schneidscheiben mit einseitiger Abschrägung bekannt, die in einer Variante paarweise mit ihren höchsten Umlaufkanten aneinander anliegen und dadurch größere Axialabstände der Scheibenpaare aufweisen. Ein derartiges Schneidwerk allein ist für die Vernichtung bzw. Vorzerkleinerung dicker Aktenbündel aber ebenso wenig geeignet, wie die aus der DE - U - 92 00 058 bekannte Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung für Abfallstoffe.From document DE-A-38 06 119 cutters with a bevel on one side are already known for document shredders, which in one variant abut one another in pairs with their highest circumferential edges and thereby have larger axial distances between the pairs of discs. Such a cutter alone is not suitable for the destruction or pre-shredding of thick bundles of files, just like the shredding device for waste materials known from DE-U-92 00 058.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht deshalb vor allem auch darin, durch eine neuartige Gestaltung des Vorzerkleinerer-Schneidwerks die bekannten Nachteile bislang auf dem Markt befindlicher Geräte in überzeugender und dabei zudem Antriebsenergie sparender Weise zu beseitigen.The object of the present invention is therefore above all to eliminate the known disadvantages of devices previously on the market in a convincing and at the same time also save drive energy by a novel design of the pre-shredder cutting unit.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe dabei durch die im Patentanspruch 1 angegebene Kombination der baulichen und anordnungsgemäßen Ausgestaltungsmerkmale. Die Unteransprüche beinhalten hierzu vorteilhafte Einzelheiten und Weiterbildungen des erfinderischen Grundgedankens.This object is achieved by the combination of the structural and arrangement-related design features specified in claim 1. For this purpose, the subclaims contain advantageous details and developments of the inventive concept.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der neuen Anlagen- und Schneidwerksausgestaltung ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
die schematische Darstellung des Gesamtaufbaus einer neuen Anlage in Ansicht,
Fig. 2
eine Draufsicht zu Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
in gegenüber Fig. 1 und 2 vergrößertem Maßstab das neue Schneidwerk in Seitenansicht,
Fig. 4
in gegenüber Fig. 3 wieder verkleinertem Maßstab eine Ansicht in den Einfüllschacht und auf das neue Schneidwerk aus der Vogelperspektive und
Fig. 5
zusammen mit Fig. 5a und Fig. 5b vergrößert gegenüber Fig. 4 die Charakteristika der neuen Schneidscheibenausgestaltung.
An embodiment of the new plant and cutterbar design is shown in the drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
the schematic representation of the overall structure of a new system in view,
Fig. 2
2 shows a top view of FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
1 and 2 on an enlarged scale, the new cutting unit in side view,
Fig. 4
in a reduced scale compared to FIG. 3, a view of the filler shaft and of the new cutting device from a bird's eye view and
Fig. 5
together with FIGS. 5a and 5b, the characteristics of the new cutting disc design are enlarged compared to FIG. 4.

Der in den Fig. 1 und 2 rein schematisch gezeigte Anlagengrundaufbau wird gebildet durch einen Abfall-Einfüllschacht "E" mit bodenseitig darin angeordnetem, aus mit Messerscheiben 3, 4 besetzten Schneidwalzen 1, 2 gebildetem Vorzerkleinerer, wobei diesem ein weitestgehend vertikal gerichteter Auslaufschacht "AL" sowie daran anschließend ein weitestgehend horizontal gerichtetes, zu einem Nachzerkleinerer "NZ" führendes Förderband "F" nachgeordnet sind; die Zuführung des Abfallmaterials erfolgt über den Schrägförderer "SF". Wichtig hierbei ist bereits eine automatische, lastabhängige Steuerung der Materialzufuhr, vor allem mit Reversierbetrieb von Nachzerkleiner "NZ" und Förderband "F" bei Überlastung des dortigen Schneidwerks. Die Vorschaltung des Förderbandes "F" vor den Nachzerkleiner "NZ" hat dabei eine zusätzliche Vergleichmäßigungswirkung für die Dosierung.1 and 2, which is shown purely schematically in FIGS. 1 and 2, is formed by a waste filler chute "E" with a pre-shredder arranged on the bottom side thereof and made up of cutting disks 3, 4 equipped with cutting rollers 3, 4, with this being a largely vertically directed discharge chute "AL "followed by a largely horizontally directed conveyor belt" F "leading to a secondary shredder" NZ "; The waste material is fed in via the "SF" inclined conveyor. Automatic, load-dependent control of the material feed is important here, especially with reversing operation of secondary shredder "NZ" and conveyor belt "F" if the cutting unit there is overloaded. The connection of the conveyor belt "F" before the secondary shredder "NZ" has an additional homogenizing effect for the dosing.

Die wesentlichste technische Lehre der neuen Schneidwerkausgestaltung liegt jedoch gemäß den Darstellungen der Figuren 4, 5, 5a und 5b vor allem darin, daß die Messerscheiben 3, 4 einen abgeschrägten Rücken 3a und 4a besitzen, mit den höchsten Umlaufkanten "K" der Abschrägungen 3a und 4a jeweils paarweise aneinander anliegend miteinander in Eingriff stehen und jedes dieser Scheibenpaare 3, 4 mit deutlichem Abstand "a" zum in Wellenlängsrichtung "L" nächstfolgenden Scheibenpaar 3', 4' auf den Antriebswellen bzw. Schneidwalzen 1, 2 befestigt ist. Diese Ausgestaltung und Anordnung, insbesondere in Verbindung damit, daß die Zähne 3b und 4b durch wendelförmiges "W" Hinterfräsen o. ä. stichelartig aus den Schneidscheibenkörpern 3, 3', 4, 4' herausgearbeitet sind und je Schneidwalze 1 und 2 entsprechend wendelförmig "W" zueinander versetzt auf letzterer befestigt sind, ergibt je Scheibenpaar stets eine gute Scherenwirkung mit positivem Schneidwinkel und damit eine antriebsenergiesparende Erhöhung des Reiß-Fließeffektes.The most important technical teaching of the new cutter design, however, according to the representations of Figures 4, 5, 5a and 5b, is primarily that the knife disks 3, 4 have a bevelled back 3a and 4a, with the highest circumferential edges "K" of the bevels 3a and 4a are in engagement with each other in pairs and each of these Disc pairs 3, 4 with a clear distance "a" to the next following disc pair 3 ', 4' in the longitudinal direction "L" is attached to the drive shafts or cutting rollers 1, 2. This configuration and arrangement, in particular in connection with the fact that the teeth 3b and 4b are machined from the cutting disc bodies 3, 3 ', 4, 4' by helical "W" back milling or the like and are correspondingly helical for each cutting roller 1 and 2 " W "attached to the latter offset from each other always results in a good scissor effect with a positive cutting angle for each pair of discs and thus an increase in the tear flow effect which saves drive energy.

Die Zerkleinerungswirkung des neuen Schneidwerks wird noch unterstützt bzw. verbessert durch die aus unterschiedlichem Messerscheibendurchmesser "D1 und D2" je Schneidwalze 1 und 2 und gleichzeitig unterschiedliche Walzendrehzahl samt ggf. unter unterschiedlicher Höhe "H" der Stichel bzw. Zähne 3b und 4b resultierenden, wechselnden Einzugs- bzw. Eingriffsverhältnissen am Vorzerkleinerschneidwerk.The crushing effect of the new cutting unit is further supported or improved by the resulting from different cutting disc diameters "D 1 and D 2 " for each cutting roller 1 and 2 and at the same time different roller speeds including possibly different heights "H" of the stylus or teeth 3b and 4b , changing feed or engagement conditions on the shredder.

Vervollständigt wird das neue System letztlich noch durch von beiden Seiten des Einfüllschachtes "E" in die Zwischenräume zwischen den Messerscheibenpaaren bis zum Schneidwalzengrund 1a und 2a hin hineinragende Abstreiferroststäbe 5, wobei vorteilhafterweise zumindest die freien Enden 5a der Stäbe 5 zum Walzengrund 1a und 2a hin geneigt oder abgeschrägt verlaufen und somit das Abfallmaterial stets den Zerkleinerungsorganen zuleiten. Im übrigen ist über das Förderband "F" unabhängig von der Materialaufgabe durch den Schrägförderer jederzeit noch die zusätzliche Beschickung des Nachzerkleinerers "NZ" mit zu vernichtendem Blattmaterial o.dgl. möglich.The new system is ultimately completed by the "E" infeed shaft from both sides the interstices between the pairs of knife disks up to the cutting roller base 1a and 2a scraper grate bars 5, advantageously at least the free ends 5a of the bars 5 being inclined or chamfered towards the roller base 1a and 2a and thus the waste material always leading to the comminution members. Incidentally, the conveyor belt "F" is independent of the material input by the feeder at any time, the additional loading of the secondary shredder "NZ" with sheet material or the like to be destroyed. possible.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

11
SchneidwalzeCutting roller
22nd
SchneidwalzeCutting roller
1a1a
WalzengrundRoller base
2a2a
WalzengrundRoller base
3, 3'3, 3 '
MesserscheibeKnife disc
4,4'4.4 '
MesserscheibeKnife disc
3a3a
Abschrägungbevel
4a4a
Abschrägungbevel
3b3b
Reißzahn ( stichel- bzw. hakenartig )Fang (prick or hook-like)
4b4b
Reißzahn ( stichel- bzw. hakenartig )Fang (prick or hook-like)
55
AbstreiferroststabScraper grate bar
5a5a
freies Stabendefree bar end
5b5b
Abschrägungbevel
aa
gegenseitiger Abstand der Scheibenpaaremutual distance between the pairs of disks
ALAL
AuslaufschachtOutlet shaft
D1 D 1
MesserscheibendurchmesserKnife disc diameter
D2 D 2
MesserscheibendurchmesserKnife disc diameter
EE
EinfüllschachtFeed chute
FF
FörderbandConveyor belt
HH
Zahn- bzw. StichelhöheTooth or stylus height
KK
höchste Umlaufkantehighest circumferential edge
LL
WellenlängsrichtungWavelength direction
NZNZ
NachzerkleinerPost-shredder
SFSF
SchrägfördererFeeder
WW
WendelSpiral

Claims (6)

  1. Preliminary comminution and feeding device, particularly for large installations for shredding of documents or similar waste materials, equipped with a cutting roller pair (1, 2) arranged in a filling shaft (E) at the base side, rotationally driven in opposite sense and equipped with toothed cutter knives (3, 4), characterised thereby that the cutter discs (3, 4) possess a chamfered back (3a and 4a), with the highest circulating edges (K) of the chamfers (3a and 4a) each time standing in engagement with one another whilst bearing in pairs one against the other and each of these disc pairs (3, 4) is fastened on the drive shafts or cutting rollers (1, 2) at a clear spacing (a) relative to the disc pair (3', 4') next following in shaft longitudinal direction (L), that the teeth (3b and 4b) are machined out cutter-like by helical (W) relief-milling or similarly from the cutting disc bodies (3, 3', 4, 4') and the cutting rollers (1 and 2) are respectively fastened on the latter correspondingly helically (W) and offset to one another and that the cutter discs (3 and 4) have respective cutting rollers (1 and 2) of different diameter (D1 and D2) and rotate at the same time at different rotational speeds.
  2. Preliminary comminuting device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised by different heights (H) of the cutters or teeth (3b or 4b).
  3. Preliminary comminuting device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised by stripper rake bars (5) projecting from both sides of the filling shaft (E) into the intermediate spaces between the cutter disc pairs up to the cutting roller core (1a and 2a).
  4. Preliminary comminuting device according to claim 3, characterised thereby that at least the free ends (5a) of the bars (5) extend at an inclination or obliquely (5b) relative to the roller core.
  5. Preliminary comminuting device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised thereby that a discharge shaft (AL), which is oriented largely vertically, as well as a conveyor belt (F), which is connected thereto and oriented largely horizontally and which leads to a subsequent comminuting device (NZ), are arranged downstream of the cutting mechanism (1 to 4).
  6. Preliminary comminuting device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised by automatic load-dependent control of the material feed, above all with reversing operation of subsequent comminuting device (NZ) and conveying belt (F) in the case of overloading of the cutting mechanism there.
EP93115764A 1992-10-27 1993-09-30 Pregrinding and dosing device, especially for large plants for shredding documents or other waste Expired - Lifetime EP0595048B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4236121A DE4236121C2 (en) 1992-10-27 1992-10-27 Pre-shredding and dosing device, especially for large plants for the destruction of files and. waste materials
DE4236121 1992-10-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0595048A2 EP0595048A2 (en) 1994-05-04
EP0595048A3 EP0595048A3 (en) 1994-06-01
EP0595048B1 true EP0595048B1 (en) 1997-05-28

Family

ID=6471384

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93115764A Expired - Lifetime EP0595048B1 (en) 1992-10-27 1993-09-30 Pregrinding and dosing device, especially for large plants for shredding documents or other waste

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US5362000A (en)
EP (1) EP0595048B1 (en)
DE (2) DE4236121C2 (en)

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GB2335617B (en) * 1998-03-27 2000-07-19 Michael Robertson Animal carcass recycling-unit
DE69903253T2 (en) * 1999-02-15 2003-06-26 Babcock & Wilcox Volund Aps, Esbjerg Device for shredding and discharging compact biomass
US20030201353A1 (en) * 2002-01-03 2003-10-30 David Lefrancois Dual-path office product disintegrator
DE10220558A1 (en) * 2002-05-02 2003-11-13 Schleicher & Co Int Ag Cutting device for a document shredder
CN2673503Y (en) * 2003-11-24 2005-01-26 世庆实业有限公司 Circular wave type cutter of paper breaking machine and cutter mould block
CA2476194C (en) 2004-07-30 2010-06-22 Suncor Energy Inc. Sizing roller screen ore processing apparatus
US8393561B2 (en) 2005-11-09 2013-03-12 Suncor Energy Inc. Method and apparatus for creating a slurry
CA2640514A1 (en) * 2008-09-18 2010-03-18 Kyle Alan Bruggencate Method and apparatus for processing an ore feed
DE102012100681B4 (en) 2012-01-27 2022-09-01 Hermann Schwelling Document shredder with turbo function
US10947453B2 (en) * 2016-07-12 2021-03-16 Genus Industries, Llc Method and apparatus for preparing coir
CN110694737B (en) * 2019-10-17 2021-01-15 重庆医药高等专科学校 Traditional Chinese medicine mashing device

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DE9200058U1 (en) * 1992-01-04 1992-03-12 Kaufmann GmbH, 4358 Haltern Equipment for shredding waste materials such as old car parts or old tires

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59306583D1 (en) 1997-07-03
US5362000A (en) 1994-11-08
DE4236121A1 (en) 1994-04-28
EP0595048A3 (en) 1994-06-01
EP0595048A2 (en) 1994-05-04
DE4236121C2 (en) 1996-07-18

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