EP0587031B1 - Uhr mit aus einem piezoelektrischen Motor bestehenden Antriebsmittel - Google Patents

Uhr mit aus einem piezoelektrischen Motor bestehenden Antriebsmittel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0587031B1
EP0587031B1 EP93113954A EP93113954A EP0587031B1 EP 0587031 B1 EP0587031 B1 EP 0587031B1 EP 93113954 A EP93113954 A EP 93113954A EP 93113954 A EP93113954 A EP 93113954A EP 0587031 B1 EP0587031 B1 EP 0587031B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
timepiece according
rotor
stator
disc
hub
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93113954A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0587031A1 (de
Inventor
Roland Luthier
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Asulab AG
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Asulab AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0587031A1 publication Critical patent/EP0587031A1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/08—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a mechanical oscillator other than a pendulum or balance, e.g. by a tuning fork, e.g. electrostatically
    • G04C3/12—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a mechanical oscillator other than a pendulum or balance, e.g. by a tuning fork, e.g. electrostatically driven by piezoelectric means; driven by magneto-strictive means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a timepiece provided with drive means formed by a piezoelectric motor.
  • the date display is produced by a disc, generally internally toothed, which moves opposite a window and which is driven over a period of twenty-four hours by a gear train, itself controlled, via the timer, by an electromagnetic motor with bipolar magnet, of the stepping motor type.
  • This type of drive therefore requires the provision of a particular train, in engagement with the timer.
  • This train generally comprises at least one specific drive wheel which is provided, on the one hand, with a conventional external toothing receiving a driving torque from said timer, and which is provided, on the other hand, with an elastic arm which meshes with the date disc.
  • This arm is shaped to be able to absorb the rapid movements forward or backward of the date disc, during the rapid correction carried out by the user, by means of the time-setting crown.
  • this arrangement requires the provision of other drive means, formed by a particular correction mechanism comprising, for example, a sliding pinion cooperating with a reference, capable of carrying out the aforementioned rapid correction, using the crown.
  • the train of the first drive means creates a significant resistant load on the timer, while the date disc does not have to be moved, in normal drive , only once every twenty-four hours.
  • this date disc must be perfectly positioned, relative to the window, after each movement, so that this disc generally cooperates with a jumper spring which significantly increases the resistive torque
  • document FR-A-2 059 743 describes a timepiece movement in which the vibratory movement of one of the branches of a tuning fork with piezoelectric control is transformed by a ratchet and a hook wheel in a rotational movement which then makes it possible to rotate the hands by means of different cogs.
  • the document does not respond to the problems posed by driving a display disc, in particular a date disc, and the same is true for document JP-A-63 096 591 which describes a piece of horology in which hands are indirectly driven by a piezoelectric motor.
  • the present invention aims to provide a solution to these problems by providing a timepiece comprising an annular disc, such as a date disc, controlled by means drive to simplify the overall design of this part by reducing the number of its components, its dimensions, and the load applied.
  • the meshing means are self-locking and ensure the maintenance of the annular disc in a fixed position when said piezoelectric motor is in the rest state.
  • said engagement means comprise two pins extending axially and cooperating with said internal toothing of the annular disc forming said display means.
  • the internal toothing is formed in the annular disc by oblong recesses with parallel sides.
  • the timepiece 1 which is shown very schematically in this figure, comprises display means, constituted here by a display of the 2.
  • the part 1 may include other conventional display means, not shown, such as an hour and minute display, a second display and a day display, which may optionally be associated with further other means of displaying time or information, without limitation
  • the display means 2 are constituted in a conventional manner by an internally toothed annular disc 4, called the date disc, guided by conventional means, not shown, and shaped to move opposite a window 6, formed in a dial. 8 which is for example integral with a box 10 (these two elements being shown here partially, in cutaway view).
  • the part 1 further comprises drive means 12 which cooperate directly with the display means 2, and more particularly with the internal toothing 5, and which control them to ensure their displacement in rotation.
  • the drive means 12 which are arranged essentially under the disc 4, comprise a piezoelectric motor shown more particularly, according to a first embodiment, in FIGS. 2 to 5.
  • This motor which is identified by the general reference reference M1, is suspended on a support ( Figure 2) which is, in this example, constituted by a base 3 formed by a plate of the timepiece 1, partially shown.
  • the motor M1 comprises a rotor R1 rotatably mounted, around a geometric axis X1, on a stator S1 which is itself fixedly mounted, by force fitting (driving) or by gluing in the support.
  • This stator S1 which is therefore embedded in the base 3, forms a structure carrier providing axial support and guiding in rotation of the rotor R1.
  • This support structure essentially consists of a suspended annular plate P1, fixedly held in the base 3.
  • piezoelectric means 16 consisting, on the one hand, of a piezoelectric element 16a, such as a ceramic uniformly polarized according to its thickness, and on the other hand, of two electrodes 16b and 16c which are conventionally connected to a power supply AL, shown here schematically.
  • the piezoelectric means 16 form a transducer which, in response to an electrical excitation supplied by the supply AL via the electrodes 16b and 16c can take a vibratory movement.
  • the plate P1 is formed, on the one hand, by an elastically deformable thin disc 14 under which the piezoelectric means 16 are subjected, in particular by bonding.
  • the disc 14 has a low uniform thickness, of the order of 0.1 mm (0.1.10 -3 meter)
  • the plate P1 comprises, on the other hand, a cylindrical tubular barrel 18 projecting from the disc 14 and coming integrally with the latter.
  • the barrel 18 is therefore fixedly driven out by force fitting or by bonding in an orifice, not referenced, of the base 3.
  • the hub 22 comprises mechanical engagement means formed by two pins 24 driven into the hub 22 and axially projecting therefrom, on either side of the stud V.
  • the two pins 24 are placed on a radial axis X2 of the hub 22, passing through the longitudinal axis X1.
  • the hub 22 also comprises, under the latter (according to the orientation of the motor M1, in its position shown in FIG. 2) a stepped surface 26 on which the body of the rotor R1 is fixedly engaged, in particular by driving.
  • the body of the rotor R1 is, according to the invention, essentially constituted by a perforated flexible disc D1.
  • the disc D1 has an annular central part 28 which has a central opening 30 intended to come to engage on the bearing 26.
  • These transmission means are formed by elastically deformable members constituted by bending blades 34, formed on edge on the disc D1.
  • the flexure blades 34 are formed at the periphery of the disc D1 by a cold deformation operation, and in particular by stamping of the peripheral ring 32.
  • the body of the rotor R1 is formed by a structure which is elastically deformable, at least in the direction of the stator S1, and which forms at least in part means for elastic support of the rotor R1 on the stator S1.
  • These means are also formed in part by the hub 22 which biases the disc D1 axially towards the stator, in an axisymmetric manner (relative to the axis X1), being retained by the head, not referenced, of the embedded stud V.
  • the electrodes 16b and 16c of the piezoelectric means 16 both have a full and full structure in front projection, that is to say, not cut and not structured by polarized segments, as is the case in conventional structures.
  • the disc 14 forming the stator S1 is preferably made of a metallic material, such as brass, a stainless steel alloy or aluminum, optionally coated with a thin layer of a hard material, in particular chromium or titanium nitride.
  • the electrodes 16b and 16c are preferably made of nickel or silver.
  • the bending blades 34 protrude from the rotor R1, and in particular from the disc D1, in the direction of the front face F2 of the stator S1, at an angle of inclination ⁇ originating from a straight line parallel to l 'axis of rotation X1; this angle ⁇ being between 10 and 30 °.
  • each bending blade 34 which has a planar shape of the parallelepiped type projects from the rotor R1 over a free length Lcs preferably chosen from values between 0.1 and 0.5 mm (0.1 and 0, 5.10 -3 meter).
  • each blade 34 has a thickness ec lying between 0.025 and 0.1 mm (0.025 and 0.1.10 -3 meters) and a width lc lying between 0.1 and 0.3 mm (0.1 and 0 , 3.10 -3 meter).
  • the bending blades 34 which being interposed between the rotor R1 and the stator S1 form a mechanical interface between them, abut and rest directly on the essentially plane front face F2 of the stator S1, this face F2 being smooth and free from any protruding or protruding element.
  • the bending blades 34 and therefore the disc D1 are made of a material, such as an alloy of the beryllium-copper type or of the stainless steel type.
  • a particular ceramic which is adapted to deform radially when a specific electrical excitation, via the electrodes, is applied to it. More particularly, a ceramic was chosen having a high piezoelectric constant d 31 , this constant representing the deformation obtained with respect to the applied field.
  • This vibratory movement is of the axisymmetric type and provides the stator with a deformation of the same type. This is corroborated by the curves C1 and C2 in FIG. 9, where it is noted that the variation in amplitude Amp of the deformation of the stator S1 as a function of its radius Rb is of the same sign, that is to say increasing, from the center to the periphery of the stator S1.
  • this vibratory movement and this axisymmetric deformation are centered on the axis of rotation X1.
  • a stepped planar motor that is to say having a stator and a rotor of essentially planar shape and superimposed, motor which thanks to the axisymmetric movement centered on the axis of rotation and oriented according to it, is of the essentially axial vibratory movement type, with reference to the axis X1.
  • the vibration mode of the piezoelectric motor according to the invention being axisymmetric, the speed vectors T at any point of the stator, and in particular in the region of contact between the stator and the rotor, (only three, T1 to T3, being represented in FIG. 7) are essentially normal to the plane of movement Pdm of the rotor R1.
  • the stator S1 therefore has no significant speed component in the displacement plane Pdm in view of the extremely low vibration amplitudes. It therefore has no significant radial, centrifugal or centripetal acceleration. It is also remarkable to note that this stator does not present any tangential acceleration, acceleration which one finds on the opposite in the stators of conventional piezoelectric motors having a vibratory mode with traveling waves or stationary.
  • an alternating current of frequency F was generated by means of the electrical supply AL, after having dimensioned, by way of example, the stator and the piezo means. as follows (with reference to Figure 7): Mode B 00 in mm (10 -3 m) Mode B 10 in mm (10 -3 m) Hb 0.2 0.2 hb 0.1 0.1 Rb 2.5 2.5 ra 1 1 Ha 0.1 0.1 the 1.5 1.5 in KHz (10 3 hertz) in KHz (10 3 hertz) F 14 94 where Hb is the total height of the suspended part of the stator (disc 14 plus piezoelectric means 16), hb is the height of disc 14, that is to say the height of the stator without piezoelectric means 16, Rb is the large radius of the stator (taken at the periphery of the disc 14), ra is the small radius of the ring forming the piezoelectric means 16, ha is the total height of the piezoelectric means 16 (the
  • the power supply AL delivers an alternating signal of frequency F corresponding to the resonance frequency of the mode B X0 desired.
  • the stator S1 in its entirety is thus excited in resonance in the mode B X0 corresponding to an axisymmetric vibratory movement as described above.
  • the elastically deformable members formed by the flexure blades 34 therefore form movement transformation means capable of transmitting, and at the same time transforming, the essentially axial linear (or normal) movement of the stator, into a perpendicular rotary movement of the rotor.
  • the rotor R1 in accordance with the principle described above, rotates in a direction of rotation represented by the arrow RO, with the same sign as the direction of rotation (not shown) of the date disc 4.
  • the motor M1 and the date disc 4 rotate clockwise.
  • the spouts 60a and 60b are formed in the rear part of the regions 56a and 56b.
  • the circuit Ch comprises conventional timekeeping means which supply the control device Dc with time information, such as the transition from the next day to midnight.
  • the plate 4 is provided with a conductive pad 70, for example driven therein.
  • the stud 70 which is arranged close to the blade 50 is connected to the control device Dc via a circuit branch 72 (shown in broken lines).
  • the hub 22, the assembly of the motor M1 and / or the plate 4, or parts thereof, can be made of an insulating material, such as plastic.
  • the detection circuit 68 is open in the blade rest position, represented in FIG. 3, position in which the blade 50 in its electrode function is free from any electrical contact with the corresponding electrode formed either by the rotor R1 itself (hub 22) or by the stud 70.
  • control device Dc which instantly cuts the power supply to the motor by acting on the supply AL.
  • the operation is substantially identical for the second embodiment, except that the detection circuit 68 which, in the rest state, is normally closed when the blade 50, under the action of the cam profile 56 of the hub 22, comes in lateral contact with the stud 70, is found open when the blade 50 leaves this contact, when it falls into one of the recesses 58a or 58b.
  • This axis 82 is supported in rotation by a second guide means 90 constituted by a cylindrical bearing (same reference) formed on the axis 82, and mounted for rotation in a bearing 92 likewise formed by a stone which is driven into a recess , not referenced, formed in the barrel 84. It will be noted that the barrel 84 is itself driven out in a plate or a bridge 94 which forms the support of the stator S2.
  • the stator S2 has, by way of example, the same vibration modes as those previously described, the motors M1 and M2 having, for example, the same dimensions.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Zeitmeßgerät der Bauart, welche umfaßt:
    - Anzeigemittel (2), gebildet von einem Ring oder einer ringförmigen Scheibe (4) mit einer Innenverzahnung (5), und
    - Antriebsmittel (M1, M2), die dazu bestimmt sind, den Ring oder die ringförmige Scheibe (4) zu steuern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antriebsmittel (M1, M2) einen piezoelektrischen Motor umfassen, der mit einem Rotor (R1, R2) versehen ist, auf dem Eingriffsmittel (24) ausgebildet sind, die direkt mit der Innenverzahnung (5) der ringförmigen Scheibe (4) der Anzeigemittel kämmen.
  2. Zeitmeßgerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Eingriffsmittel (24) selbstblockierend sind und das Halten des Ringes oder der ringförmigen Scheibe der Anzeigemittel (2) in fester Position sicherstellen, wenn der piezoelektrische Motor im Ruhezustand ist.
  3. Zeitmeßgerät nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Eingriffsmittel zwei Stifte (24) umfassen, die sich axial erstrecken und mit der Innenverzahnung (5) der ringförmigen Scheibe (4), welche die Anzeigemittel (2) bildet, zusammenwirken.
  4. Zeitmeßgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Innenverzahnung (5) in der ringförmigen Scheibe (4) von langgstreckten Ausnehmungen (9) mit parallelen Flanken gebildet ist.
  5. Zeitmeßgerät nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rotor (R1) eine Nabe (22) umfaßt, die axial abgestützt ist und für die Drehung von einem Zapfen (V) geführt wird, der in einen Stator (S1) des Motors eingefügt ist.
  6. Zeitmeßgerät nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stifte (24) axial über die Nabe (22) herausragen.
  7. Zeitmeßgerät nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stifte (24) beidseits des Zapfens (V) auf einer Radialachse (X2) der Nabe (22) angeordnet sind.
  8. Zeitmeßgerät nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nabe (22) sich unter der Anzeigescheibe (4) erstreckt.
  9. Zeitmeßgerät nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rotor (R1, R2) eine weiche durchbrochene Scheibe (D1, D2) umfaßt.
  10. Zeitmeßgerät nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Scheibe (D1, D2), welche den Rotor bildet, Flexionsarme (36) umfaßt, welche eine elastische Zentralpartie (28) des Rotors und einen peripheren Ring (32), die auf diesem ausgebildet sind, verbinden, auf welchem Bewegungsübertragungsmittel (34) angeordnet sind.
  11. Zeitmeßgerät nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die übertragungsmittel, die von Flexionslamellen (34) gebildet werden, die sich von dem peripheren Ring (32) in Richtung eines Stators des Motors erstrecken, einstückig mit den Flexionsarmen (36), mit der zentralen Partie (70) wie auch mit dem peripheren Ring (32) ausgebildet sind.
  12. Zeitmeßgerät nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Motor auf einem Support über eine ringförmige Platine (P1) eines Stators (S1) aufgehangen ist.
  13. Zeitmeßgerät nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platine (P1) in den Support eingefügt ist.
  14. Zeitmeßgerät nach Anspruch 5 und 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zapfen (V) in die Platine (P1) eingetrieben ist, wobei der Stator (S1) eine Tragstruktur bildet, welche allein den Axialsupport und die Drehführung des Rotors (R1) bildet.
  15. Zeitmeßgerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der piezoelektrische Motor Winkelindexiermittel umfaßt, die mit dem Rotor integriert sind und ausgebildet sind, um die Rotationsbewegung des Rotors in mindestens einer bestimmten Winkelposition zu blockieren.
  16. Zeitmeßgerät nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Indexiermittel eine starre Nabe (22) umfassen, die ein Nockenprofil (56) aufweist, auf welchem eine elastische Kontaktlamelle (50) sich seitlich abstützend ausgebildet ist.
  17. Zeitmeßgerät nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lamelle (50) mit einem elektrischen Positionserfassungsschaltkreis (68) zusammenwirkt, welchen sie in der bestimmten Winkelposition des Rotors öffnet.
  18. Zeitmeßgerät nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lamelle (50) auf einem Support (52) montiert ist, der in eine Platine oder Brücke (4) unter Zwischenlage eines elektrischen Isolators (54) eingetrieben ist.
  19. Piezoelektrischer Motor für ein Zeitmeßgerät nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rotor eine Antriebsachse (82) umfaßt, die drehfest mit dem Korpus oder der Tragstruktur ist und die seine Führung sicherstellt, welche Achse zumindest drehbeweglich im Inneren eines Supports montiert ist, welchen sie durchsetzt, um von diesem herauszuragen und um mit den Eingriffsmitteln (24) zusammenzuwirken, welcher Support von einer Brücke oder einer Platine gebildet ist.
EP93113954A 1992-09-09 1993-09-01 Uhr mit aus einem piezoelektrischen Motor bestehenden Antriebsmittel Expired - Lifetime EP0587031B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH284592A CH685660B5 (fr) 1992-09-09 1992-09-09 Piece d'horlogerie pourvue de moyens d'entraînement formes par un moteur piezo-electrique.
CH2845/92 1992-09-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0587031A1 EP0587031A1 (de) 1994-03-16
EP0587031B1 true EP0587031B1 (de) 1997-05-14

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EP93113954A Expired - Lifetime EP0587031B1 (de) 1992-09-09 1993-09-01 Uhr mit aus einem piezoelektrischen Motor bestehenden Antriebsmittel

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5357489A (de)
EP (1) EP0587031B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH06194463A (de)
CN (1) CN1042978C (de)
CH (1) CH685660B5 (de)
DE (1) DE69310643T2 (de)

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FR2741488B1 (fr) 1995-11-16 1998-01-09 Asulab Sa Procede et circuit d'excitation et de controle d'un moteur piezo-electrique en mode pas a pas
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JP3165070B2 (ja) * 1997-04-25 2001-05-14 セイコーインスツルメンツ株式会社 カレンダ付電子時計
CN1132079C (zh) * 1997-04-25 2003-12-24 精工电子有限公司 电子表
EP2568595A3 (de) * 1998-12-21 2013-05-15 Seiko Epson Corporation Piezoelektrischer Aktor, Uhrwerk und tragbares Gerät
JP4376342B2 (ja) * 1999-03-02 2009-12-02 セイコーインスツル株式会社 電子時計
JPWO2004021091A1 (ja) * 2002-08-30 2005-12-22 セイコーエプソン株式会社 アナログ電子時計
DE10325793A1 (de) * 2003-06-05 2004-12-30 Borg Instruments Ag Linearzeiger
JP4874610B2 (ja) * 2005-09-16 2012-02-15 Ｈｏｙａ株式会社 超音波モータ
US9298162B2 (en) * 2010-10-01 2016-03-29 Rolex Sa Timepiece barrel with thin disks
EP3193217A1 (de) * 2016-01-18 2017-07-19 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Uhrwerk, das eine analoganzeige umfasst
EP3474085B1 (de) * 2017-10-23 2020-03-25 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Steuervorrichtung, die mit einem modul zur detektion der axialposition ihres federstegs ausgestattet ist, und uhr, die eine solche steuervorrichtung umfasst
EP4198648A1 (de) 2021-12-20 2023-06-21 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Piezoelektrischer umlaufmotor, insbesondere für uhren
EP4391348A1 (de) 2022-12-23 2024-06-26 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Piezoelektrischer resonator mit doppeltem rcc-schwenkpunkt, insbesondere für rotationsmotoren von uhrwerken
EP4390557A1 (de) 2022-12-23 2024-06-26 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Piezoelektrischer resonator mit spiralfeder, insbesondere für einen rotierenden uhrwerk
EP4391347A1 (de) 2022-12-23 2024-06-26 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Piezoelektrischer resonator mit flexibler führung, insbesondere für rotationsmotoren von uhrwerken
EP4391349A1 (de) 2022-12-23 2024-06-26 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Stossfester piezoelektrischer rotationsmotor, insbesondere für uhrwerke

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JPS62133379A (ja) * 1985-12-05 1987-06-16 Seiko Epson Corp 電子時計
JPS6396591A (ja) * 1986-10-13 1988-04-27 Seiko Epson Corp 電子時計
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EP0424140B1 (de) * 1989-10-20 1994-05-25 Seiko Epson Corporation Elektronische Uhr

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69310643D1 (de) 1997-06-19
EP0587031A1 (de) 1994-03-16
CN1042978C (zh) 1999-04-14
CN1083941A (zh) 1994-03-16
JPH06194463A (ja) 1994-07-15
CH685660GA3 (fr) 1995-09-15
US5357489A (en) 1994-10-18
CH685660B5 (fr) 1996-03-15
DE69310643T2 (de) 1997-12-18

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