EP0553175A1 - Trockentransformator oder drosselspule und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung. - Google Patents
Trockentransformator oder drosselspule und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung.Info
- Publication number
- EP0553175A1 EP0553175A1 EP91918142A EP91918142A EP0553175A1 EP 0553175 A1 EP0553175 A1 EP 0553175A1 EP 91918142 A EP91918142 A EP 91918142A EP 91918142 A EP91918142 A EP 91918142A EP 0553175 A1 EP0553175 A1 EP 0553175A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- winding
- ceramic resin
- choke coil
- dry
- dry transformer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
- H01F41/12—Insulating of windings
- H01F41/127—Encapsulating or impregnating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
- H01F27/327—Encapsulating or impregnating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
- H01F27/327—Encapsulating or impregnating
- H01F2027/328—Dry-type transformer with encapsulated foil winding, e.g. windings coaxially arranged on core legs with spacers for cooling and with three phases
Definitions
- the invention relates to a dry transformer or an inductor, to a method for producing the winding of a dry transformer or an inductor, to a method for producing a dry transformer or an inductor, and to the use of ceramic resin.
- distribution transformers and choke coils are increasingly being used as distribution transformers or choke coils instead of conventional liquid-insulated devices, in particular because of the fire hazards emanating from liquid-insulated devices and the danger to soil and groundwater from liquids in the event of leaks or transport accidents.
- Plastics such as epoxy, polyester, polyurethane or silicone resins are used for the electrical insulation of the winding wires and winding layers, for the external insulation and for protecting the windings of dry-type transformers and dry choke coils against moisture and dirt.
- Cast resin transformiria oreri pr i (- F, ⁇ . Bi or one or more windings are completely enclosed with an insulating material. These cast resin transformers are thus completely protected against the effects of moisture and contamination.
- the plastics used for the electrical insulation of the dry transformers and dry choke coils also have certain disadvantages. In this way, these plastics can burn and develop smoke and toxic combustion gases in the event of a fire, which can endanger people and hinder extinguishing work.
- the plastics used age due to oxidation and hydrolysis.
- the chemical decomposition of the plastics is greatly accelerated at relatively high temperatures, which are in the range of the operating temperatures of transformers and choke coils.
- the mechanical and dielectric properties of the plastics used are greatly deteriorated at these temperatures.
- the plastics are thermally decomposed.
- Epoxy resins which are mainly used because of their overall best properties, are disadvantageously unstable against UV light.
- the plastics used are sensitive to leakage currents, so that outdoor installation is only possible with expensive protective housings. These protective housings are cost-intensive and disadvantageous due to the increase in weight and size of the transformers or the choke coils.
- the invention has for its object to provide a remedy ⁇ transformer or a dry choke coil, which are provided with an environmentally friendly, aging-resistant insulation and protective material with favorable fire behavior.
- methods for producing a dry transformer or a dry inductor and the winding thereof are to be mentioned.
- appropriate uses of ceramic resin in dry-type transformers and dry choke coils should be mentioned.
- this object is alternatively achieved according to the invention by the features characterized in claims 1, 4 and 5, according to which the winding conductors and / or winding insulation layers and / or the outer jacket have at least one winding of a dry-type transformer or a choke coil Ceramic resin are insulated.
- the object is alternatively achieved by the features characterized in claims 12, 16, 17 and 18.
- a preferred solution with regard to the method for producing the winding of a dry-type transformer or a choke coil is that the inner surface area of the winding is first produced by fiber rovings with a strongly alkaline solution with sodium and / or potassium and / or calcium and / or lithium and a powder of silicate and aluminum soaked and wound on a mold that the winding conductors are then wound up and further insulation is applied, and that preferably the winding thus prepared is subsequently brought to a temperature of 70 to 100 ° C. Hardening of the ceramic resin is heated. The curing can alternatively also be carried out at room temperatures or temperatures higher than 100 ° C.
- winding process it is also possible to cast at least one winding in a mold with said solution or to soak it in a plunge pool after winding with winding conductors and necessary further insulation and then to carry out the hardening process. Furthermore, it is also possible to impregnate fiber rovings with said solution and to wind them on the winding. In this way, several windings of a transformer can also be separated or isolated together. It is also possible to carry out the insulation of the winding wires and winding layers with synthetic resin and the outer sheathing with ceramic resin.
- the object is alternatively achieved by the features characterized in claims 19 and 20, according to which the windings are separated or together or at least one winding located in a mold together with an iron core cast with a strongly alkaline solution with sodium and / or potassium and / or calcium and / or lithium as well as a powder of silicate and aluminum or alternatively the windings are separated or together or the entire active part is soaked with the solution in a plunge pool become.
- the ceramic resin is then cured at room temperatures or temperatures of 70 to 100 ° C.
- the ceramic resin depending on the composition, has a temperature resistance between 700 ° C. and 1200 ° C. and is not degraded by oxidation and hydrolysis. It is therefore possible to increase the operating temperatures of transformers and choke coils compared to the prior art.
- the weight and the dimensions of the dry-type transformer or the choke coil are reduced, which is of great importance for a large number of applications, in particular in the case of transformers and choke coils for electrically operated vehicles, such as locomotives, in oil drilling platforms and during assembly Masts.
- the ceramic resin is non-flammable and therefore offers the greatest advantages in all cases in which transformers or choke coils pose fire hazards. It is even advantageously possible to continue to operate the transformers and choke coils for a certain time after being involved in a fire due to the very high temperature resistance of the ceramic resin, in order to maintain the electrical energy supply in a dangerous situation.
- Ceramic resin is an environmentally friendly material, from which no dangerous substances are released even after the end of the useful life in a landfill.
- the ceramic resin is resistant to leakage current and UV light, so that it can be used in the open-air installation of the devices without having to use costly protective housings.
- the shrinkage during hardening and the thermal expansion can be kept very low, as a result of which components with high dimensional accuracy can be produced, and shrinkage stresses and cavities can be avoided, which prevents partial discharges during operation.
- the relatively low hardening temperatures and the relatively short hardening times save energy costs during production.
- the relatively high thermal conductivity that can be achieved, depending on the composition of the ceramic resin, is also favorable, because this reduces the build-up of high internal temperatures and temperature differences during operation.
- FIG. 3 shows a dry transformer part with a first winding completely encapsulated in ceramic resin and a second winding encapsulated together with the iron core
- FIG. 7 shows a dry transformer winding part with ceramic resin layer and wire insulation.
- FIG. 1.1 shows a dry-transformer part and in FIG. 1.2 a variant of a choke coil part each with a winding insulated with ceramic resin.
- An iron core 1, a first winding 2 and a second winding 4 can be seen in FIG. 1.1.
- 1.2 shows an iron core 11 with air gaps 12 and a choke coil winding 13, the so-called air gaps 12 being formed with a non-ferromagnetic material.
- the outer lateral surfaces of the first winding 2 and the winding 13 are insulated with ceramic resin 3.
- This outer insulation is preferably produced in accordance with the roving winding method, in which glass fiber rovings or rovings of other fiber materials are impregnated with the solution described below and containing a powder of silicate and aluminum and wound onto the spools. This is followed by the hardening process described below at room temperature or elevated temperature , F, S is possible. Insulate the outer jacket surface of the second winding 4 in the same way with ceramic resin as the jacket surface of the winding 2. It is also possible to use ceramic resin as the material for the so-called air gaps 12, it being possible for the material to be reinforced by mixing in glass fibers.
- FIG. 2 shows a dry transformer part with a winding completely encapsulated in ceramic resin.
- An iron core 1, a first winding 2, a second winding 4 and ceramic resin 3 can be seen, the ceramic resin 3 completely enclosing the first winding 2.
- the winding 2 is brought into an appropriately designed shape and cast with the solution described below, containing a powder of silicate and aluminum.
- this variant can also be applied to dry throttle coils, in which case Vietnamese ones are provided in the iron core 11 and only one winding 13.
- the casting process can be carried out using a vacuum. It closes in more detail below It is possible to completely encapsulate the outer surface of the second winding 4 in the same way with ceramic resin as the outer surface of the first winding 2.
- the same method can also be applied to the winding 13 a choke coil can be used.
- the inner lateral surface 5 (FIG. 2) is first produced according to the roving winding process, in which the glass fiber rovings or other fiber rovings are impregnated with the solution described below and containing a powder of silicate and aluminum, and be wound on a suitable shape.
- the winding conductors and necessary further insulations are wound onto the inner jacket surface thus created, the further insulations likewise being produced by the roving winding method.
- the winding of a dry transformer or a choke coil is immersed in a plunge pool after the winding of the winding conductors and necessary further insulation, which contains the solution described below, including the powder of silicate and aluminum.
- you can use it before the soaking process Fiber mats, fiber fabrics or similar fiber materials are applied.
- the impregnation process can preferably be carried out under vacuum in order to avoid air pockets. The curing process described below follows the impregnation process.
- FIG. 3 shows a dry transformer part with a first winding completely encapsulated in ceramic resin and a second winding encapsulated together with the iron core.
- An iron core 1, a first winding 2, a second winding 4 and ceramic resin 3 can be seen, with ceramic resin 3 completely enclosing both the winding 2 and the winding 4 together with the iron core 1.
- the second winding 4 is omitted and the iron core 1 is designed with so-called air gaps.
- the encapsulation is carried out as described in FIG. 2, the iron core together with the winding 4 being brought into an appropriately designed shape in order to carry out the casting process, preferably using a vacuum.
- FIG. 4 shows a dry transformer part with windings which are completely encapsulated in ceramic resin. An iron core 1 and two windings 2 and 4 with ceramic resin 3 can be seen, the ceramic resin 3 completely enclosing both windings.
- the encapsulation is carried out according to a method described in FIG. 2, the windings 2, 4 either being brought together into a correspondingly shaped form and potted, or soaked together in the immersion process or wound together in the roving winding process - preferably using a vacuum.
- FIG. 5 shows a dry transformer part with two windings encapsulated with the iron core together with ceramic resin.
- An iron core 1, windings 2 and 4 and ceramic resin 3 can be seen, the ceramic resin 3 completely enclosing both the windings 2 and 4 and the iron core.
- the encapsulation is carried out either by the casting process, the iron core being brought into a correspondingly designed shape together with all the windings, or by the impregnation process, the iron core being immersed together with all the windings in a drinking basin. Both methods are described in FIG. 2 and are preferably carried out under vacuum.
- FIG. 6 shows a dry transformer winding part or choke coil winding part with ceramic resin layer insulation and ceramic resin encapsulation. It is the winding conductor 7, the outer insulation or encapsulation 8 and to recognize the inner layer insulation 9 (inner winding insulation layers).
- the inner winding insulation layers 9, like the outer insulation 8, are produced using a method described in FIGS. 1 to 5 with ceramic resin.
- FIG. 7 shows a dry transformer winding part or choke coil winding part with ceramic resin layer and wire insulation.
- the winding conductors 7 and the ceramic resin insulation 10 can be seen. It is clarified that not only the inner winding layers 9 according to FIG. 6, but also the insulation from winding conductor to winding conductor can be produced with ceramic resin using a method described in FIGS. 1 to 5.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 show winding conductors 7 with a round cross section. Alternatively, winding conductors with a rectangular cross section can be used.
- the ceramic resin used is a ceramic material based on aluminum-silicate with a silicate-aluminum atom ratio, preferably between 2 and 4 (weight ratio 2.07 to 4.14).
- a fine powder of aluminum and silicate is placed in a strongly alkaline solution that contains sodium, potassium, calcium or lithium or a combination of all these elements.
- the grain sizes used are preferably between 0.25 ⁇ m and 1 ⁇ m.
- the solution is a liquid with a viscosity between approximately 500 and 3000 mPas.
- An exothermic reaction is triggered at room temperature or by heating the solution provided with the powder of aluminum and silicate to temperatures of preferably 70 to 100 ° C., accompanied by polycondensation of the ceramic molecules.
- the heating up period is essentially determined by the dimension of the component, the material being able to cure in principle at different temperature gradients.
- the curing time for 0.1 mm thick films at 70 ° C is approx. 30 min, for 1 cm thick blocks at the same temperature approx. 3 hours. Hardening is also possible at room temperature, but the time required for this is of the order of days, again depending on the geometry.
- the reaction produces water as a condensation product, which is removed from the material by heating for several hours to temperatures above 50 ° C. This drying is an important time factor, since it proceeds much more slowly than hardening, especially in the case of large components.
- the heating speed also plays an important role here, since if the heating is too fast, cracks may occur in the material.
- the resulting ceramic resin has ceramic properties with regard to high temperature resistance, chemical stability fact, hardness, fracture toughness and electrical properties.
- the material properties - in particular the mechanical strength - can also be influenced by reinforcing the ceramic resin with various fiber materials or fillers. In particular, glass fibers and / or mineral fillers can be used.
- the ceramic resin can be completely sealed by a ceramic-like glaze on its surface or with a thin coating of another water-impermeable material.
- Liquids with favorable dielectric properties such as, for. B. a silicone-containing emulsion, for impregnation of the ceramic resin and thus to increase the dielectric strength of the material, and a silicone-containing lacquer for the outer coating of the material.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Insulating Of Coils (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4033030 | 1990-10-18 | ||
DE4033030 | 1990-10-18 | ||
DE4110223A DE4110223A1 (de) | 1990-10-18 | 1991-03-28 | Trockentransformator oder drosselspule und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
DE4110223 | 1991-03-28 | ||
PCT/EP1991/001956 WO1992007369A1 (de) | 1990-10-18 | 1991-10-15 | Trockentransformator oder drosselspule und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0553175A1 true EP0553175A1 (de) | 1993-08-04 |
EP0553175B1 EP0553175B1 (de) | 1994-09-07 |
Family
ID=25897795
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91918142A Expired - Lifetime EP0553175B1 (de) | 1990-10-18 | 1991-10-15 | Trockentransformator oder drosselspule und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0553175B1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU8722791A (de) |
DE (2) | DE4110223A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2062817T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1992007369A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105931811A (zh) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-09-07 | 杨林娣 | 一种油浸式电力电压器 |
CN105931809A (zh) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-09-07 | 杨林娣 | 一种油浸式变压器 |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4343121A1 (de) * | 1993-12-17 | 1995-06-22 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Gießkeramik |
DE19505529A1 (de) * | 1994-12-24 | 1996-06-27 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Transformator mit tragfähigem Spulenkörper |
KR100341321B1 (ko) * | 1999-07-26 | 2002-06-21 | 윤종용 | 전자렌지용 트랜스포머 |
FI118398B (fi) * | 2005-05-17 | 2007-10-31 | Nokian Capacitors Oy | Menetelmä ja sovitelma kuristimen valmistamiseksi ja kuristin |
CN105931810A (zh) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-09-07 | 杨林娣 | 一种电力电压器 |
CN113903562A (zh) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-01-07 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | 一种干式变压器及其制备方法和应用 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS411256B1 (de) * | 1964-03-27 | 1966-02-01 | ||
EP0066633B1 (de) * | 1981-06-04 | 1985-11-13 | Nikkiso Co., Ltd. | Verfahren zur Bildung einer keramik-ähnlichen Isolierung |
SE439212B (sv) * | 1983-10-06 | 1985-06-03 | Asea Lepper Gmbh | Distanshallare mellan ledarlager for en lagerlindning for en transformator eller reaktor |
US4831303A (en) * | 1988-01-27 | 1989-05-16 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Coil armor tape for new bonding surface and CORONOX seal |
FR2630253A1 (fr) * | 1988-04-19 | 1989-10-20 | Alsthom | Procede d'amelioration de la tenue au feu d'un bobinage de transformateur electrique sec |
-
1991
- 1991-03-28 DE DE4110223A patent/DE4110223A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-10-15 EP EP91918142A patent/EP0553175B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-10-15 WO PCT/EP1991/001956 patent/WO1992007369A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1991-10-15 DE DE59102870T patent/DE59102870D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-10-15 AU AU87227/91A patent/AU8722791A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-10-15 ES ES91918142T patent/ES2062817T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9207369A1 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105931811A (zh) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-09-07 | 杨林娣 | 一种油浸式电力电压器 |
CN105931809A (zh) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-09-07 | 杨林娣 | 一种油浸式变压器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0553175B1 (de) | 1994-09-07 |
ES2062817T3 (es) | 1994-12-16 |
WO1992007369A1 (de) | 1992-04-30 |
DE59102870D1 (de) | 1994-10-13 |
AU8722791A (en) | 1992-05-20 |
DE4110223A1 (de) | 1992-04-23 |
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