EP0503033B1 - Switching device comprising an auxiliary monostable switch coupled to a main switch - Google Patents
Switching device comprising an auxiliary monostable switch coupled to a main switch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0503033B1 EP0503033B1 EP91917148A EP91917148A EP0503033B1 EP 0503033 B1 EP0503033 B1 EP 0503033B1 EP 91917148 A EP91917148 A EP 91917148A EP 91917148 A EP91917148 A EP 91917148A EP 0503033 B1 EP0503033 B1 EP 0503033B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- main switch
- switch
- auxiliary
- coupled
- auxiliary switch
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
- H01H50/541—Auxiliary contact devices
- H01H50/543—Auxiliary switch inserting resistor during closure of contactor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
- H01H50/541—Auxiliary contact devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
- H01H13/50—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a switching device according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the main switches open first and, like the auxiliary switches are still closed, endure a practically negligible cut.
- the auxiliary switches support most of the shutdown and, being less well sized for this function, alter the service life of the device.
- the invention aims to provide a switching device operating as described above on closing, but reversing the switching sequence of the contact parts of the main and auxiliary switches during opening, in order to to ensure with certainty the transfer of the current flow from the auxiliary switches to the main switches.
- the invention provides a switching device comprising at least one main switch which can pass from an open position to a closed position during a transient closing phase and from a closed position to an open position. during a transient opening phase, these two phases being controlled by respective movements of a control member, and at least one auxiliary switch comprising at least one fixed contact and one movable contact connected to said control member by the 'through a mechanical connection.
- this device is characterized in that said mechanical connection comprises a disengageable coupling designed so as to pass from a coupled position to a uncoupled position, during the transient closing phase by closing the auxiliary switch before close the main switch and by opening the auxiliary switch after closing the main switch, and then return from said uncoupled position to the coupled position, during a subsequent passage of the main switch through the other transitional phase.
- the above-mentioned disengageable coupling is of the stress-breaking type and is designed so as to obtain a disengagement when the control force transmitted to the auxiliary switch by the control member of the main switch, exceeds a predetermined threshold.
- the above disengageable coupling consists of elastic snap-fastening means.
- the disengageable coupling uses at least two parts magnetically coupled to one another.
- the auxiliary switch and the return spring which is associated with it are arranged in a housing independent of the body of a contactor device. comprising the main switch, an armature return spring, as well as the electromagnet to which the actuation function of the two types of switches will be assigned.
- a circuit 1 for connecting a capacitive load 2 formed by three capacitors - C1, C2, C3 - to a three-phase network - R, S, T - is shown in Figure 1.
- a type of remote-controlled device shown in this figure by way of example for making this connection calls, on the one hand, for an electromagnetic contactor device 3 having in an enclosure 26 an electromagnet 4, a movable armature 5, a return spring 5 ′ which tends to place the latter in a rest position, and a control member 6 which may advantageously be constituted by an insulating rake or contact carrier on which are arranged moving parts of a set of switches main three-pole 7, 8, 9; on the other hand, a housing 11, which is mechanically associated with the housing 26, comprises a set of auxiliary switches 13, 14, 15 which is actuated by a second control member 12 which can also be produced in the form of a rake or insulating contact carrier, and being subjected to the action of a clean return spring 12 ′ whose effects tend to open these switches.
- the two control members which are advantageously but not necessarily arranged in alignment here, are coupled to each other using a releasable coupling 20, the operation of which will be specified below.
- auxiliary switches 13, 14, 15 are placed in series with respective limiting resistors - R1, R2, R3 - each of these series assemblies being placed in parallel on a corresponding main switch 9, 8, 7.
- Each resistor R1 can be split into two series resistors R1a, R1b placed on either side of the corresponding auxiliary switch 13; the resistors which are here placed outside the boxes 26, 11 are advantageously connected to the external terminals of the switches using their connection conductors so that good heat dissipation takes place and the manufacturer is not led to modify the conventional boxes it has to receive the contactor and the auxiliary contact block, see figure 1.
- any movement of the first in direction F will cause the moment of excitation of the electromagnet simultaneous displacement of the second.
- This closing which is carried out a few milliseconds before that of the main switches and which only authorizes the passage of reduced initial currents through the three resistors, is obtained thanks to a difference in the closing distances specific to the contact parts of the main switches - e2 - and auxiliaries - e1 -, the latter being more reduced.
- This difference in stroke is used here so that an automatic disengagement of the coupling 20 and therefore of the two contact carriers occurs, thus making it possible to release the auxiliary contact carrier and allowing it to return to its rest position when the carrier - main contact has already closed the corresponding switches.
- a first type of removable coupling 20, visible in FIG. 3 in the coupled state when the complete device is at rest, uses simple mechanical means which can be molded or overmolded during manufacture, or which can, on the contrary, make subject to a combination of appropriate spare parts.
- An extension 16 of the contact carrier 6 which passes through an opening 27 of the housing 26 of the contactor and is projecting relative to a face (for example a front face or a side face) 30 thereof, has a clearance 28 of which the opposite edges 24, 24 ′ are narrower at the entrance than the transverse dimension of a housing 29 which follows it.
- the contact carrier 12 of the auxiliary contact box 11 has for its part a fork-shaped extension 19 with elastic branches 17, 18 whose ends 17 ′, 18 ′ of the elastic branches 17, 18 are wider than the portion which precedes.
- the elasticity of this fork allows it to be released from the housing when sufficient longitudinal traction is exerted between the two contact carriers, and allows it to engage therein when a longitudinal thrust is exerted by the contact carrier 6 towards the contact carrier 12.
- a de-excitation of the electromagnet of the contactor which allows the contact carrier 6 to return to its rest position - in direction G - thanks to the return spring 5 ′ brings the edges of the clearance 28 in contact with the fork 19 by communicating to the latter by percussion a transverse pinch which allows it to penetrate with sliding in the housing 29, so that the clutch of the coupling 20 is again re-established pending a new operating cycle, see FIG. 2.
- the means which have just been described give their full effectiveness only if the shape of the attraction curve of the electromagnet has been judiciously chosen so that the slowdowns caused, on the one hand, by the expenditure of energy required to disengage the coupling 20 and, on the other hand, by the compression of the spring 12 ′ are not too great.
- the energy developed by the relaxation of the return spring 5 ′ of the armature must be sufficient so that the penetration of the fork into the housing is ensured regardless of the orientation that the device takes in space. .
- the two contact carriers 38, 39 are associated by calling on the adhesion of magnetized 37 and magnetizable 36 parts for example using a ferrite and soft iron.
- the magnetizable part and the permanent magnet may be placed on one or the other of the contact carriers.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
- Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de commutation selon le préambule de la revendication 1.The present invention relates to a switching device according to the preamble of
Elle convient, d'une façon générale, à tous les systèmes faisant intervenir un interrupteur dont on veut détecter et, éventuellement, signaler les phases transitoires de passage à l'état ouvert ou à l'état fermé.It is generally suitable for all systems involving a switch for which it is desired to detect and, possibly, signal the transient phases of transition to the open state or to the closed state.
Elle s'applique particulièrement bien à la réalisation d'appareils interrupteurs multipolaires pour l'alimentation de charges capacitives dans lesquels l'établissement des courants de charge est d'abord effectué à travers des résistances de limitation placées en parallèle sur des interrupteurs principaux encore ouverts, à l'aide d'interrupteurs auxiliaires placés en série avec les résistances, ces interrupteurs principaux étant ensuite fermés à leur tour par un organe de commande ayant provoqué la fermeture précédente.
Ces appareils interrupteurs, qui sont notamment utilisés dans des installations où l'on souhaite améliorer le cos phi, peuvent présenter des disfonctionnements en raison d'un certain vieillissement des pièces de contact.It applies particularly well to the production of multi-pole switch devices for the supply of capacitive loads in which the establishment of the load currents is first carried out through limiting resistors placed in parallel on the main switches still open. , using auxiliary switches placed in series with the resistors, these main switches then being closed in turn by a control member having caused the previous closing.
These switching devices, which are used in particular in installations where it is desired to improve the cos phi, may exhibit malfunctions due to a certain aging of the contact parts.
Le respect de la séquence de fonctionnement mentionnée ci-dessus est généralement obtenu, par exemple de la façon décrite dans la demande de brevet EP-A-00 58 235, grâce à l'utilisation d'une pièce de commande qui est reliée à l'armature de l'électro-aimant et actionne simultanément les pièces mobiles de ces interrupteurs. Grâce à des écartements distincts séparant les pièces de contact mobiles des deux jeux d'interrupteurs et les pièces de contact fixes correspondantes, un même mouvement établit d'abord la fermeture des interrupteurs auxiliaires et ensuite celle des interrupteurs principaux qui ne subissent ainsi que l'établissement de courants réduits et, ensuite, une intensité constante correspondant au régime établi.Compliance with the above-mentioned operating sequence is generally obtained, for example as described in patent application EP-A-00 58 235, by the use of a control part which is connected to the 'armature of the electromagnet and simultaneously actuates the moving parts of these switches. Thanks to distinct spacings separating the movable contact parts of the two sets of switches and the corresponding fixed contact parts, the same movement first establishes the closing of the auxiliary switches and then that of the main switches which only undergo the establishment of reduced currents and, then, a constant intensity corresponding to the established regime.
Au moment où, en raison de la désexcitation de l'électro-aimant qui est opérée pour découpler la charge capacitive, un mouvement inverse est communiqué à la pièce de commande, les interrupteurs principaux s'ouvrent les premiers et, comme les interrupteurs auxilaires sont encore fermés, supportent une coupure pratiquement négligeable. Les interrupteurs auxiliaires supportent l'essentiel de la coupure et, moins bien dimensionnés pour cette fonction, altèrent la durée de vie de l'appareil.At the moment when, due to the de-excitation of the electromagnet which is operated to decouple the capacitive load, a reverse movement is communicated to the control panel, the main switches open first and, like the auxiliary switches are still closed, endure a practically negligible cut. The auxiliary switches support most of the shutdown and, being less well sized for this function, alter the service life of the device.
Les pièces fixes et mobiles de ces interrupteurs principaux ne se trouvant jamais en régime d'établissement ou d'ouverture à pleine charge, elles ne peuvent bénéficier d'une certaine érosion provoquée par les arcs électriques, et l'on assiste par suite à une augmentation progressive de la pollution des surfaces de contact qui s'accompagne d'une augmentation anormale de la résistance de contact et parfois de l'absence de fermeture électrique des pôles principaux. L'augmentation de résistance peut provoquer à son tour une perturbation de l'équilibre thermique de l'appareil interrupteur, en particulier de l'interrupteur auxiliaire et des résistances.Since the fixed and moving parts of these main switches are never in full load opening or opening conditions, they cannot benefit from a certain erosion caused by electric arcs, and as a result there is a progressive increase in pollution of the contact surfaces which is accompanied by an abnormal increase in the contact resistance and sometimes the absence of electrical closure of the main poles. The increase in resistance can in turn cause a disturbance the thermal balance of the switch device, in particular the auxiliary switch and the resistors.
Pour ce type d'application, l'invention a pour but de fournir un appareil interrupteur fonctionnant comme décrit ci-dessus à la fermeture, mais inversant la séquence de commutation des pièces de contact des interrupteurs principaux et auxiliaires lors de l'ouverture, afin d'assurer avec certitude le transfert du passage du courant des interrupteurs auxiliaires aux interrupteurs principaux.For this type of application, the invention aims to provide a switching device operating as described above on closing, but reversing the switching sequence of the contact parts of the main and auxiliary switches during opening, in order to to ensure with certainty the transfer of the current flow from the auxiliary switches to the main switches.
Pour parvenir à ces résultats, l'invention propose un dispositif de commutation comportant au moins un interrupteur principal pouvant passer d'une position ouverte à une position fermée au cours d'une phase transitoire de fermeture et d'une position fermée à une position ouverte au cours d'une phase transitoire d'ouverture, ces deux phases étant commandées par des déplacements respectifs d'un organe de commande, et au moins un interrupteur auxilaire comprenant au moins un contact fixe et un contact mobile relié audit organe de commande par l'intermédiaire d'une liaison mécanique.To achieve these results, the invention provides a switching device comprising at least one main switch which can pass from an open position to a closed position during a transient closing phase and from a closed position to an open position. during a transient opening phase, these two phases being controlled by respective movements of a control member, and at least one auxiliary switch comprising at least one fixed contact and one movable contact connected to said control member by the 'through a mechanical connection.
Selon l'invention, ce dispositif est caractérisé en ce que ladite liaison mécanique comprend un accouplement débrayable conçu de manière à passer d'une position accouplée à une position désaccouplée, au cours de la phase transitoire de fermeture en fermant l'interrupteur auxiliaire avant de fermer l'interrupteur principal et en ouvrant l'interrupteur auxiliaire après la fermeture de l'interrupteur principal, et de retourner ensuite de ladite position désaccouplée à la position accouplée, au cours d'un passage subséquent de l'interrupteur principal par l'autre phase transitoire.According to the invention, this device is characterized in that said mechanical connection comprises a disengageable coupling designed so as to pass from a coupled position to a uncoupled position, during the transient closing phase by closing the auxiliary switch before close the main switch and by opening the auxiliary switch after closing the main switch, and then return from said uncoupled position to the coupled position, during a subsequent passage of the main switch through the other transitional phase.
Avantageusement, le susdit accouplement débrayable est de type à rupture de contrainte et est conçu de manière à obtenir un débrayage lorsque l'effort de commande transmis à l'interrupteur auxiliaire par l'organe de commande de l'interrupteur principal, dépasse un seuil prédéterminé.Advantageously, the above-mentioned disengageable coupling is of the stress-breaking type and is designed so as to obtain a disengagement when the control force transmitted to the auxiliary switch by the control member of the main switch, exceeds a predetermined threshold.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, le susdit accouplement débrayable consiste en des moyens d'encliquetage élastiques.According to a first embodiment of the invention, the above disengageable coupling consists of elastic snap-fastening means.
Selon un second mode de réalisation destiné à pallier une possible usure de surfaces frottant les unes contre les autres lors d'accouplements et de désaccouplements fréquents, l'accouplement débrayable fait appel à au moins deux pièces couplées magnétiquement l'une à l'autre.According to a second embodiment intended to compensate for possible wear of surfaces rubbing against each other during frequent couplings and uncouplings, the disengageable coupling uses at least two parts magnetically coupled to one another.
Enfin, selon une mesure trouvant ses avantages dans l'un ou l'autre de ces deux modes de réalisation, l'interrupteur auxiliaire et le ressort de rappel qui lui est associé, sont disposés dans un boîtier indépendant du corps d'un appareil contacteur comportant l'interrupteur principal, un ressort de rappel d'armature, ainsi que l'électro-aimant auquel sera dévolue la fonction d'actionnement des deux types d'interrupteurs.Finally, according to a measure which finds its advantages in one or other of these two embodiments, the auxiliary switch and the return spring which is associated with it, are arranged in a housing independent of the body of a contactor device. comprising the main switch, an armature return spring, as well as the electromagnet to which the actuation function of the two types of switches will be assigned.
L'invention ainsi que des variantes de réalisation auxquelles elle se prête, seront mieux comprises à la lecture de la description ci-dessous et à l'examen des figures annexées qui l'accompagnent en illustrant :
- A la figure 1, un schéma électrique d'un circuit de raccordement d'une charge capacitive à un réseau triphasé, utilisant un appareil selon l'invention ;
- A la figure 2, une vue schématique des deux systèmes d'interrupteurs au repos ;
- A la figure 3, un premier mode de réalisation d'un accouplement amovible mécanique reliant deux porte-contacts disposés dans le prolongement l'un de l'autre ;
- A la figure 4, un état de l'appareil de commutation correspondant à une phase de fonctionnement où les interrupteurs principaux sont fermés, tandis que les interrupteurs auxiliaires sont ouverts ; et
- A la figure 5, un second mode de réalisation d'un accouplement amovible magnétique reliant deux porte-contacts placés en regard.
- In FIG. 1, an electrical diagram of a circuit for connecting a capacitive load to a three-phase network, using an apparatus according to the invention;
- In Figure 2, a schematic view of the two switch systems at rest;
- In FIG. 3, a first embodiment of a removable mechanical coupling connecting two contact carriers arranged in the extension of one another;
- In FIG. 4, a state of the switching apparatus corresponding to an operating phase where the main switches are closed, while the auxiliary switches are open; and
- In Figure 5, a second embodiment of a removable magnetic coupling connecting two contact holders placed opposite.
Un circuit de raccordement 1 d'une charge capacitive 2 formée par trois condensateurs - C1, C2, C3 - à un réseau triphasé - R, S, T - se trouve illustré à la figure 1.A
Un type d'appareil télécommandé représenté sur cette figure à titre d'exemple pour opérer ce raccordement fait appel, d'une part, à un appareil contacteur électromagnétique 3 ayant dans un boîtier 26 un électro-aimant 4, une armature mobile 5, un ressort de rappel 5′ qui tend à placer celle-ci dans une position de repos, et un organe de commande 6 pouvant être avantageusement constitué par un râteau isolant ou porte-contact sur lequel sont disposées des pièces mobiles d'un jeu d'interrupteurs tripolaires principaux 7, 8, 9 ; d'autre part, un boîtier 11, qui est mécaniquement associé au boîtier 26, comporte un jeu d'interrupteurs auxiliaires 13, 14, 15 qui est actionné par un second organe de commande 12 pouvant être également réalisé sous la forme d'un râteau ou porte-contact isolant, et se trouvant soumis à l'action d'un ressort de rappel propre 12′ dont les effets tendent à ouvrir ces interrupteurs.A type of remote-controlled device shown in this figure by way of example for making this connection calls, on the one hand, for an
Les deux organes de commande, qui sont ici avantageusement mais non nécessairement disposés en alignement, sont attelés l'un à l'autre à l'aide d'un accouplement libérable 20 dont le fonctionnement sera précisé ci-après.The two control members, which are advantageously but not necessarily arranged in alignment here, are coupled to each other using a
Il doit être clair que l'utilisation d'un appareil contacteur n'est ici à prendre en compte que dans le cadre d'un objectif de commande à distance, et que, par suite, des moyens de commande manuelle se substituant à l'électro-aimant pourraient être employés dans un appareil, ayant une même fonction mécanique et électrique, éventuellement regroupée dans un seul boîtier ou coffret adapté à cette fin ; des moyens mécaniques connus pourraient dans ce cas être disposés entre un organe de commande manuelle et un organe de manoeuvre du porte-contact afin de communiquer à celui-ci des mouvements d'ouverture et de fermeture suffisamment rapides.It should be clear that the use of a contactor device here is only to be taken into account in the context of a remote control objective, and that, consequently, manual control means replacing the electromagnet could be used in a device, having the same mechanical and electrical function, possibly grouped in a single box or box adapted for this purpose; known mechanical means could in this case be arranged between a manual control member and a member for operating the contact carrier in order to communicate to the latter sufficiently rapid opening and closing movements.
Les interrupteurs auxiliaires 13, 14, 15 sont placés en série avec des résistances de limitation respectives - R1, R2, R3 - chacun de ces montages série étant placé en parallèle sur un interrupteur principal correspondant 9, 8, 7.The
Chaque résistance R1 peut être scindée en deux résistances série R1a, R1b placées de part et d'autre de l'interrupteur auxiliaire correspondant 13 ; les résistances qui se trouvent ici placées à l'extérieur des boîtiers 26, 11 sont avantageusement reliées aux bornes externes des interrupteurs à l'aide de leurs conducteurs de raccordement afin que s'opère une bonne dissipation thermique et que le constructeur ne soit pas amené à modifier les boîtiers conventionnels dont il dispose pour recevoir le contacteur et le bloc de contacts auxiliaires, voir figure 1.Each resistor R1 can be split into two series resistors R1a, R1b placed on either side of the corresponding
Dans l'état de repos de l'appareil illustré sur cette figure, les deux jeux de contacts principaux et auxiliaires sont ouverts grâce à l'action des ressorts de rappel.In the state of rest of the device illustrated in this figure, the two sets of main and auxiliary contacts are opened by the action of the return springs.
Comme le porte-contact 6 et le porte-contact 12 sont associés l'un à l'autre à l'aide de l'accouplement 20, qui est actif dans la position de repos, tout mouvement du premier en sens F va provoquer au moment de l'excitation de l'électro-aimant un déplacement simultané du second.As the contact carrier 6 and the
Afin que des courants de charge instantanés, qui prendraient des valeurs élevées lors d'un raccordement direct du réseau et de la charge, ne circulent pas dans le circuit d'alimentation principal 21 comprenant les interrupteurs principaux, des courants de charge réduits sont dérivés dans le circuit d'alimentation auxiliaire 22, au moment de cette excitation, grâce à une fermeture préalable des interrupteurs auxiliaires.In order that instantaneous load currents, which would take on high values during a direct connection of the network and the load, do not flow in the
Cette fermeture, qui est opérée quelques millisecondes avant celle des interrupteurs principaux et qui n'autorise que le passage de courants initiaux réduits à travers les trois résistances, est obtenue grâce à une différence des distances de fermeture propres aux pièces de contact des interrupteurs principaux - e2 - et auxiliaires - e1 -, ces dernières étant plus réduites.This closing, which is carried out a few milliseconds before that of the main switches and which only authorizes the passage of reduced initial currents through the three resistors, is obtained thanks to a difference in the closing distances specific to the contact parts of the main switches - e2 - and auxiliaries - e1 -, the latter being more reduced.
Le résultat recherché s'obtient ici par un choix judicieux des courses des deux porte-contacts, celle - c1 - du râteau auxiliaire étant rendue inférieure à celle - c2 - du porte-contact principal par l'intervention d'une butée mécanique retenant le premier alors que le second continue sa course, voir figure 2.The desired result is obtained here by a judicious choice of the races of the two contact carriers, that - c1 - of the auxiliary rake being made less than that - c2 - of the main contact carrier by the intervention of a mechanical stop retaining the first while the second continues its course, see figure 2.
Cette différence de course est ici exploitée pour que se produise un débrayage automatique de l'accouplement 20 et donc des deux porte-contacts permettant ainsi de libérer le porte-contact auxiliaire et autorisant celui-ci à revenir à sa position de repos lorsque le porte-contact principal a déjà opéré la fermeture des interrupteurs correspondants.This difference in stroke is used here so that an automatic disengagement of the
Afin que l'appareil complet se retrouve dans un état de repos identique à celui qui était le sien avant l'excitation de l'électro-aimant, des mesures seront prises pour que le retour en position de repos du porte-contact principal rétablisse rapidement l'embrayage de l'accouplement 20 sous le simple effet de son ressort de rappel propre et reconstitue la solidarité originale des deux porte-contacts 6, 12.In order for the complete device to be in a state of rest identical to that which it was in before the electromagnet was energized, measures will be taken to return the main contact carrier to the rest position quickly. the clutch of the
Un premier type d'accouplement amovible 20, visible à la figure 3 à l'état accouplé lorsque l'appareil complet est au repos, fait appel à des moyens mécaniques simples pouvant être moulés ou surmoulés lors de la fabrication, ou pouvant au contraire faire l'objet d'une association de pièces détachées appropriées.A first type of
Un prolongement 16 du porte-contact 6 qui traverse une ouverture 27 du boîtier 26 du contacteur et se trouve en saillie par rapport à une face (par exemple une face frontale ou une face latérale) 30 de celui-ci, présente un dégagement 28 dont les bords opposés 24, 24′ sont plus étroits à l'entrée que la dimension transversale d'un logement 29 qui lui succède.An
Le porte-contact 12 du boîtier de contacts auxiliaires 11 comporte pour sa part un prolongement en forme de fourche 19 à branches élastiques 17, 18 dont les extrémités 17′, 18′ des branches élastiques 17, 18 sont plus larges que la portion qui les précède. L'élasticité de cette fourche, dont la nécessaire raideur peut nécessiter la mise en oeuvre d'une pièce métallique élastique d'appoint 23, lui permet de se dégager du logement lorsqu'une traction longitudinale suffisante est exercée entre les deux porte-contacts, et lui permet de s'engager dans celui-ci lorsqu'une poussée longitudinale est exercée par le porte-contact 6 vers le porte-contact 12.The
Dans l'état d'association des deux boîtiers, qui peut être obtenu par des griffes 32, 33 présentes sur les faces en regard 30, 31 et dans la position de repos des deux porte-contacts 6, 12, le ressort de rappel 12′ a ramené ce dernier contre une butée propre 25′ du boîtier 11 en développant une force relativement faible, et le ressort de rappel 5′ de l'armature a ramené dans le même sens le porte-contact 6 dans sa position de repos.In the state of association of the two housings, which can be obtained by
Lorsque le porte-contact 6 se déplace en sens F, à la suite de l'excitation de l'électro-aimant, une première course - c1 - qui amène le porte-contact 12 en comprimant le ressort 12′ est nécessaire à la fermeture des interrupteurs 13, 14, 15 et à l'établissement d'une pression de contact appropriée. Ce mouvement se prolonge jusqu'au moment où le porte-contact 12 vient s'appuyer et s'arrêter contre une première surface de butée 25 de son boîtier 11, voir figure 2.When the contact carrier 6 moves in direction F, following the excitation of the electromagnet, a first stroke - c1 - which brings the
Comme la course - c2 - du porte-contact principal est choisie pour être supérieure à - c1 -, la fourche 19 se dégage du logement 29 et des branches 24, 24′ permettant ainsi au ressort de rappel 12′ de chasser en sens G le porte-contact 12 contre la butée 25′ ; il est clair que le débrayage de l'accouplement 20 et que l'ouverture des interrupteurs auxiliaires qui en résultent ne s'opèrent que lorsque les interrupteurs principaux sont eux-mêmes en cours de fermeture et que la pression de contact de leurs pièces mobiles a déjà atteint une valeur suffisante, voir figure 4.As the stroke - c2 - of the main contact carrier is chosen to be greater than - c1 -, the
Une désexcitation de l'électro-aimant du contacteur qui permet au porte-contact 6 de revenir vers sa position de repos - en sens G - grâce au ressort de rappel 5′ ramène les bords du dégagement 28 au contact de la fourche 19 en communiquant à celle-ci par percussion un pincement transversal qui lui permet de pénétrer avec glissement dans le logement 29, de sorte que l'embrayage de l'accouplement 20 est à nouveau rétabli dans l'attente d'un nouveau cycle de fonctionnement, voir figure 2.A de-excitation of the electromagnet of the contactor which allows the contact carrier 6 to return to its rest position - in direction G - thanks to the
Afin que cet accouplement se fasse sans jeu longitudinal, faute de quoi la séquence des fermetures successives des interrupteurs pourrait être altérée, on peut avantageusement disposer dans le logement 29 une plaquette élastique 29′ qui confère à la fourche une pénétration et un pincement longitudinal mesurés et donne par suite aux deux porte-contacts des positions relatives précises.So that this coupling takes place without longitudinal play, failing which the sequence of successive closings of the switches could be altered, it is advantageous to have in the
Les moyens qui viennent d'être décrits ne donnent toute leur efficacité que si l'allure de la courbe d'attraction de l'électro-aimant a été judicieusement choisie afin que les ralentissements provoqués, d'une part, par la dépense d'énergie nécessaire au débrayage de l'accouplement 20 et, d'autre part, par la compression du ressort 12′ ne soient pas trop importants.The means which have just been described give their full effectiveness only if the shape of the attraction curve of the electromagnet has been judiciously chosen so that the slowdowns caused, on the one hand, by the expenditure of energy required to disengage the
Par ailleurs, l'énergie développée par la détente du ressort de rappel 5′ de l'armature doit être suffisante pour que la pénétration de la fourche dans le logement soit assurée quelle que soit l'orientation que prend l'appareil dans l'espace.Furthermore, the energy developed by the relaxation of the
Selon un second mode de réalisation de l'accouplement amovible 40, visible à la figure 5, les deux porte-contacts 38, 39 sont associés en faisant appel à l'adhérence de pièces magnétisées 37 et magnétisables 36 faisant par exemple appel à une ferrite et à du fer doux.According to a second embodiment of the
Pour répondre à des impératifs déterminés par des commodités de fabrication ou des réductions de coût technique, on pourra disposer la pièce magnétisable et l'aimant permanent sur l'un ou l'autre des porte-contacts.To meet requirements determined by manufacturing convenience or technical cost reductions, the magnetizable part and the permanent magnet may be placed on one or the other of the contact carriers.
Il est essentiel de garantir un effort d'accouplement régulier d'une manoeuvre à l'autre. Ainsi, on peut donner à au moins l'une des pièces 36, 37 la faculté de s'orienter dans l'espace, par exemple en utilisant pour leur maintien des matériaux élastomères, ou en les fixant sur des portions moulées et articulées des ou d'un porte-contact.It is essential to guarantee a regular coupling effort from one maneuver to another. So we can give to at least one of the
Il est enfin clair que les positions de repos des deux porte-contacts seront suffisamment voisines pour éviter le contact matériel sur les aimants permanents, tout en assurant une proximité suffisante pour un accouplement magnétique automatique.It is finally clear that the rest positions of the two contact carriers will be close enough to avoid material contact on the permanent magnets, while ensuring sufficient proximity for an automatic magnetic coupling.
Les positions des surfaces de butée qui sont nécessaires au décollement des pièces magnétique et magnétisable lors de l'excitation de l'électro-aimant sont ici régies par des considérations analogues à celles qui prévalent par l'accouplement mécanique.The positions of the abutment surfaces which are necessary for the separation of the magnetic and magnetizable parts during the excitation of the electromagnet are here governed by considerations analogous to those which prevail by mechanical coupling.
D'autres types d'accouplements débrayables peuvent être substitués à ceux qui viennent d'être décrits sans sortir du cadre de l'invention telle que revendiquée.Other types of disengageable couplings can be substituted for those which have just been described without departing from the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
- Switching device comprising at least one main switch (7, 8, 9) adapted to move from an open position to a closed position during a transient closing phase and from a closed position to an open position during a transient opening phase, said two phases being commanded by respective displacements of a control member (6), and at least one auxiliary switch (13, 14, 15) comprising at least one fixed contact and a mobile contact coupled to said control member (6) by a mechanical linkage,
characterised in that said mechanical linkage comprises a releasable coupling (20) adapted to move from a coupled position to an uncoupled position during the transient closure phase by closing the auxiliary switch (13, 14, 15) before closing the main switch (7, 8, 9) and by opening the auxiliary switch (13, 14, 15) after closing the main switch (7, 8, 9) and then to return from said uncoupled position to said coupled position during a subsequent passage of the main switch (7, 8, 9) through the other transient phase. - Switching device according to claim 1,
characterised in that the mobile contact of the auxiliary switch (13, 14, 15) is movable between two positions, namely an open position and a closed position, and in that the mobile contact is urged towards one of said positions by spring means (12′). - Switching device according to claim 1,
characterised in that said releasable coupling (20) is of the snap-release type and is adapted to release when the control force transmitted to the auxiliary switch (13, 14, 15) by the control member (6) of the main switch (7, 8, 9) exceeds a predetermined threshold. - Device according to claim 3,
characterized in that said releasable coupling (20) consists in spring snap-release means (24, 24′, 29 ; 17, 18). - Device according to claim 3,
characterised in that said releasable coupling (20) comprises two magnetically coupled parts (36, 37) one of said two parts being coupled to the control member (6) of the main switch (7, 8, 9) and the other part being coupled to the mobile contact of the auxiliary switch (13, 14, 15). - Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that said two switches (7, 8, 9 ; 13, 14, 15) are disposed in the same housing, said control member (6) being displaced manually. - Device according to claim 1,
characterised in that the main switch (7, 8, 9) and the auxiliary switch (13, 14, 15) are multipole switches and in that said mechanical linkage comprising the releasable coupling (20) couples the mobile assemblies of the two switches (7, 8, 9 ; 13, 14, 15). - Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that said main switch (7, 8, 9) is part of a contactor whose solenoid (4) is coupled to said control member (6). - Device according to claim 7,
characterized in that said contactor is accomodated in a first housing (26) and in that the auxiliary switch (13, 14, 15) is accomodated in a second housing (11) optionally mechanically associated with the first housing (26). - Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that the main switch (7, 8, 9) commands the energisation of a capacitive load (2) and the auxiliary switch (13, 14, 15) shunts the main switch (7, 8, 9) to energise the load (2) through limiter resistors (R1, R2, R3) in the moment preceding the closure of the main switch (7, 8, 9).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9011920A FR2667439B1 (en) | 1990-09-27 | 1990-09-27 | SWITCHING APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING CAPACITIVE LOADS. |
| FR9011920 | 1990-09-27 | ||
| PCT/FR1991/000748 WO1992006483A1 (en) | 1990-09-27 | 1991-09-26 | Switching device comprising an auxiliary monostable switch coupled to a main switch |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0503033A1 EP0503033A1 (en) | 1992-09-16 |
| EP0503033B1 true EP0503033B1 (en) | 1995-04-12 |
Family
ID=9400704
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91917148A Expired - Lifetime EP0503033B1 (en) | 1990-09-27 | 1991-09-26 | Switching device comprising an auxiliary monostable switch coupled to a main switch |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5323132A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0503033B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2977279B2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU652383B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9105909A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2069617C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69108893T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2667439B1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX9101317A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2070747C1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1992006483A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2928845B2 (en) * | 1995-08-31 | 1999-08-03 | 株式会社山本電機製作所 | electromagnetic switch |
| DE19729595C1 (en) * | 1997-07-10 | 1998-10-22 | Siemens Ag | Capacitor switching contactor arrangement |
| ES2134153B1 (en) * | 1997-09-24 | 2000-05-01 | Power Controls Iberica Sl | AUXILIARY CONTACT DEVICE FOR CONNECTION TO POWER FACTOR CORRECTION CONTACTORS. |
| FR2771548B1 (en) * | 1997-11-21 | 2000-02-04 | Abb Control Sa | AUXILIARY CONTACTOR CONTACT BLOCK |
| FR2808119B1 (en) * | 2000-04-19 | 2002-10-11 | Abb Control Sa | AUXILIARY BLOCK FOR MOUNTING ON AN ELECTRIC CONTACTOR |
| DE10315243B3 (en) * | 2003-04-03 | 2004-08-26 | Siemens Ag | Electromechanical switching system for relays, switches and pushbuttons has main contact bridge providing contact path between pairs of fixed contacts |
| FR2900273B1 (en) * | 2006-04-19 | 2008-05-30 | Abb Entrelec Soc Par Actions S | CONTACTOR COMPRISING A CONTROL CIRCUIT WHOSE POWER SUPPLY IS SUBJECT TO ELECTRICAL DISTURBANCES |
| DE102007002176B4 (en) * | 2007-01-15 | 2018-07-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Detecting means for detecting the switching state of an electromagnetic switching device |
| DE102007016147B4 (en) * | 2007-04-02 | 2010-05-12 | Moeller Gmbh | contactor |
| DE102009052626A1 (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2011-05-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Switching device for switching a capacitor |
| EP2579290B1 (en) * | 2011-10-04 | 2014-06-04 | ABB Technology AG | An auxiliary contact device for mv switching apparatuses |
| DE102014012454B4 (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2023-06-22 | Schaltbau Gmbh | Contactor with fast switching properties |
| DE102014218013A1 (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-03-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Switchgear with modular auxiliary switch block |
| RU2579008C1 (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2016-03-27 | Евгений Александрович Оленев | Switching device |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE735643C (en) * | 1942-04-12 | 1943-05-20 | Voigt & Haeffner Ag | Push button switch for short-term power supply |
| DE1177713B (en) * | 1960-08-10 | 1964-09-10 | Siemens Ag | Electric switch for alternating current |
| DE1191460B (en) * | 1963-06-07 | 1965-04-22 | Philips Nv | Push button switch with current surge limiter |
| US4245225A (en) | 1978-11-08 | 1981-01-13 | International Business Machines Corporation | Ink jet head |
| US4281305A (en) * | 1979-06-18 | 1981-07-28 | Clark Control, Inc. | Electromagnetic switching apparatus |
| DE3070894D1 (en) * | 1980-03-13 | 1985-08-29 | Square D Starkstrom Gmbh | Contactor |
| DE3105117C2 (en) * | 1981-02-12 | 1985-10-17 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Electromagnetic switching device |
-
1990
- 1990-09-27 FR FR9011920A patent/FR2667439B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-09-26 JP JP3516107A patent/JP2977279B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-09-26 BR BR919105909A patent/BR9105909A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-09-26 CA CA002069617A patent/CA2069617C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-09-26 DE DE69108893T patent/DE69108893T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-09-26 EP EP91917148A patent/EP0503033B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-09-26 US US07/859,308 patent/US5323132A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-09-26 AU AU85479/91A patent/AU652383B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-09-26 RU SU915052433A patent/RU2070747C1/en active
- 1991-09-26 WO PCT/FR1991/000748 patent/WO1992006483A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-09-27 MX MX9101317A patent/MX9101317A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR9105909A (en) | 1992-10-13 |
| AU8547991A (en) | 1992-04-28 |
| RU2070747C1 (en) | 1996-12-20 |
| CA2069617C (en) | 2000-09-05 |
| DE69108893D1 (en) | 1995-05-18 |
| CA2069617A1 (en) | 1992-03-28 |
| DE69108893T2 (en) | 1995-08-24 |
| FR2667439B1 (en) | 1992-11-27 |
| JPH05502753A (en) | 1993-05-13 |
| MX9101317A (en) | 1992-05-04 |
| FR2667439A1 (en) | 1992-04-03 |
| EP0503033A1 (en) | 1992-09-16 |
| JP2977279B2 (en) | 1999-11-15 |
| AU652383B2 (en) | 1994-08-25 |
| US5323132A (en) | 1994-06-21 |
| WO1992006483A1 (en) | 1992-04-16 |
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