EP0419352A1 - Electromagnetic valve with permanent magnet - Google Patents

Electromagnetic valve with permanent magnet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0419352A1
EP0419352A1 EP90402585A EP90402585A EP0419352A1 EP 0419352 A1 EP0419352 A1 EP 0419352A1 EP 90402585 A EP90402585 A EP 90402585A EP 90402585 A EP90402585 A EP 90402585A EP 0419352 A1 EP0419352 A1 EP 0419352A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
electromagnet
core
solenoid valve
magnet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90402585A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0419352B1 (en
Inventor
Roger Labouesse
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Solex SA
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Solex SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/46—Valves
    • F02M59/466—Electrically operated valves, e.g. using electromagnetic or piezoelectric operating means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to solenoid valves, of the type comprising, on the one hand, a housing containing an electromagnet with control winding, in which a passage limited by a seat for receiving a shutter is provided, and, on the other hand, a moving element in the housing, comprising the shutter and a permanent magnet, movable between a first position towards which it is attracted by the magnet and another position towards which it is attracted by the electromagnet when the winding is supplied , one of the positions being defined by the support of the shutter on the seat.
  • solenoid valves of this type find an important, although not exclusive, application in the fuel supply installations of internal combustion engines.
  • the position in which the shutter releases the seat is defined by the support of the permanent magnet against the carcass or the soft iron core of the electromagnet.
  • the invention aims to provide a solenoid valve that better meets those previously known to the requirements of practice, in particular in that it makes it possible to give the force acting on the shutter a value which is certain to avoid leaks and, in advantageous embodiments, reduces the variation of the forces exerted on the crew, as a function of the position of the shutter, in comparison with the existing solenoid valves with magnetic return.
  • the invention also makes it possible to produce a solenoid valve in which the forces exerted on the movable assembly are maximum when the latter occupies one or the other of the extreme positions which it must take in normal operation.
  • the invention provides in particular a solenoid valve according to claim 1.
  • the spacer can be fixed to the core and the permanent magnet or simply have a stop connection with them, which facilitates the construction of the solenoid valve.
  • the solenoid valve shown in Figures 1 to 3 is of the type closed at rest, that is to say comprising a shutter resting on its seat when the solenoid valve is not supplied with electric current.
  • This solenoid valve comprises a housing 10 of generally cylindrical shape, made of non-magnetic material, the front part of which, of reduced diameter, is threaded to allow the housing to be fixed by screwing in a foundry body 12.
  • channels 16 and 18 which communicate via a passage defined by a seat 20 in the front part of the housing.
  • a seat 20 in the front part of the housing.
  • a groove for receiving an O-ring 22 intended to suppress communications between the channels 16 and 18 other than through the passage.
  • a space provided inside the housing contains a tubular support 23 of plastic material carrying the coil 24 of an electromagnet also comprising a fixed soft iron carcass 26, of annular shape.
  • the ends of the winding are connected to pins 28 and 30 for connection with a DC excitation circuit (not shown), placed at the rear of the housing 10.
  • a crew, mobile to and from the seat 20, comprises a shutter 32 movable between a rest position where it rests on the seat 20 (Figure 1) and an active position where it is moved away from it ( Figure 2).
  • the shutter is fixed, for example by fitting, on a soft iron core 34, which tends to pass from the rest position (shutter closed position) to the active position (shutter open position where it is shown in Figure 2) under the action of electromagnetic forces exerted by the electromagnet when the winding 24 is supplied regardless of the direction of current flow.
  • a permanent magnet 36 with axial magnetization, is placed at the rear of the electromagnet and mechanically coupled to the core 34 by a rod 38, constituting a spacer. The spacer rod slides in the central passage of the annular carcass of soft iron 26.
  • the spacer has a simple abutment support on the core 34 and the magnet 36. But it could be fixed to one and / or the other of these elements .
  • the length of the spacer 38 is such that, when the shutter is in abutment on its seat, an air gap e remains between the facing faces of the carcass 26 and of the permanent magnet 36, to avoid sticking d9 to l residual magnetization of the carcass.
  • a cover 40 placed at the rear of the housing limits the recoil of the magnet 36 so that an air gap still remains between the carcass 26 and the core 34, both made of soft iron, when the winding 24 is powered.
  • Air circulation clearances are provided in the housing so that the movements of the mobile assembly are not hampered by the variation in volume of the chambers delimited by fixed and mobile parts.
  • the permanent magnet 36 tends to be applied against the soft iron carcass 26 and maintains the shutter 32 on its seat 20, the force exerted by the magnet being transmitted by the spacer 38 and the core 34.
  • the electromagnetic force exerted on the core 34 can be maximum when the crew is in the fully open position, which reduces the risk of separation of the core, for example under the action of shocks or vibrations.
  • a solenoid valve according to the invention can also be constituted so as to be open, and not closed, at rest.
  • Figure 4 shows a solenoid valve with the same general constitution as that of Figure 1, except that the magnet 36 a is integral with the shutter 32 while the soft iron core 34 a is placed at the rear of the electromagnet.
  • the core 34 a and the spacer 38 have a length such that a gap e of a few tenths of a millimeter remains between the permanent magnet 36 a and the soft iron carcass 26 when the core 34 a is pressed against the cover 40 .
  • the DC power source for the winding 24 has a polarity such that at the end of the carcass 26 opposite the permanent magnet 36a, a pole of the same nature is formed as that which is opposite. For example, in the case illustrated in FIG. 4, where the permanent magnet 36 a has a south pole facing the carcass 26, the direction of the current in the coil 24 must be such that a south pole is formed opposite the permanent magnet 36 a .
  • the force exerted by the core 34 a is still maximum when the moving element reaches the position towards which the core drives it. To this force is added that due to the repulsion between poles of the same name of the carcass 26 and the permanent magnet 36 a . To a certain extent, the progressive increase in the force exerted by the core 34 a as the air gap is reduced compensates for the progressive reduction in the repulsive force which is exerted on the permanent magnet 36 a .
  • the invention is susceptible of numerous variant embodiments.
  • the soft iron core, or a ferromagnetic material having similar properties, and the permanent magnet could have different forms from those which have been represented and could in particular have the same form.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

The electromagnetic valve, which can be used in particular in a fuel feed system for an internal combustion engine, comprises a casing (10) containing an electromagnet with a control winding (24) and in which a passage is arranged limited by a seal (32) receiver seat (20) and having a mobile rig in the casing, displaceable between a first position towards which it is attracted by a permanent magnet (36) and another position towards which it is attracted by the electromagnet when a current is fed to the winding (24), one of the positions being defined by the support of the seal (32) on the seat (20). The mobile rig, in addition to the permanent magnet and the seal, has a core (34) of ferromagnetic material arranged so that the airgap of the circuit comprising the electromagnet and the core is at a minimum when that of the magnetic circuit comprising the permanent magnet is at a maximum, and vice versa. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne les électrovannes, du type comprenant, d'une part, un boîtier contenant un électro­aimant à bobinage de commande, dans lequel est ménagé un passage limité par un siège de réception d'un obtura­teur, et, d'autre part, un équipage mobile dans le boîtier, comportant l'obturateur et un aimant permanent, déplaçable entre une première position vers laquelle il est attiré par l'aimant et une autre position vers laquelle il est attiré par l'électro-aimant lorsque le bobinage est alimenté, l'une des positions étant définie par l'appui de l'obturateur sur le siège.The invention relates to solenoid valves, of the type comprising, on the one hand, a housing containing an electromagnet with control winding, in which a passage limited by a seat for receiving a shutter is provided, and, on the other hand, a moving element in the housing, comprising the shutter and a permanent magnet, movable between a first position towards which it is attracted by the magnet and another position towards which it is attracted by the electromagnet when the winding is supplied , one of the positions being defined by the support of the shutter on the seat.

L'utilisation d'un aimant comme organe de rappel permet de réaliser une électrovanne de très faibles dimensions, ce qui constitue un avantage dans de nombreux cas. En particulier, les électrovannes de ce type trouvent une application importante, bien que non exclusive, dans les installations d'alimentation en combustible des moteurs à combustion interne.The use of a magnet as a return member makes it possible to produce a solenoid valve of very small dimensions, which constitutes an advantage in many cases. In particular, solenoid valves of this type find an important, although not exclusive, application in the fuel supply installations of internal combustion engines.

Dans la plupart des électrovannes du type ci-dessus défini qui existent à l'heure actuelle, la position dans laquelle l'obturateur libère le siège est définie par l'appui de l'aimant permanent contre la carcasse ou le noyau en fer doux de l'électro-aimant.In most solenoid valves of the above defined type which exist at present, the position in which the shutter releases the seat is defined by the support of the permanent magnet against the carcass or the soft iron core of the electromagnet.

Si cette disposition est simple, elle a en contrepartie des inconvénients. En particulier, du fait que la force exercée sur l'équipage mobile par l'électro-aimant est une fonction rapidement décrois­sante de l'entrefer, l'effort de maintien de l'obtura­teur sur le siège peut être si faible que des risques de fuite existent.If this provision is simple, it has in return disadvantages. In particular, since the force exerted on the moving element by the electromagnet is a rapidly decreasing function of the air gap, the effort of holding the shutter on the seat can be so low that risks of leak exist.

L'invention vise à fournir une électrovanne répondant mieux que celles antérieurement connues aux exigences de la pratique, notamment en ce qu'elle permet de donner à la force agissant sur l'obturateur une valeur évitant à coup sûr les fuites et, dans des modes avantageux de réalisation, réduit la variation des forces exercées sur l'équipage, en fonction de la position de l'obturateur, en comparaison avec les électrovannes existantes à rappel magnétique. L'inven­tion permet également de réaliser une électrovanne dans laquelle les forces s'exerçant sur l'équipage mobile sont maximales lorsque ce dernier occupe l'une ou l'autre des positions extrêmes qu'il doit prendre en fonctionnement normal.The invention aims to provide a solenoid valve that better meets those previously known to the requirements of practice, in particular in that it makes it possible to give the force acting on the shutter a value which is certain to avoid leaks and, in advantageous embodiments, reduces the variation of the forces exerted on the crew, as a function of the position of the shutter, in comparison with the existing solenoid valves with magnetic return. The invention also makes it possible to produce a solenoid valve in which the forces exerted on the movable assembly are maximum when the latter occupies one or the other of the extreme positions which it must take in normal operation.

Dans ce but, l'invention propose notamment une électrovanne selon la revendication 1.To this end, the invention provides in particular a solenoid valve according to claim 1.

L'entretoise peut être fixée au noyau et à l'aimant permanent ou présenter simplement une liaison de butée avec eux, ce qui facilite la construction de l'électrovanne.The spacer can be fixed to the core and the permanent magnet or simply have a stop connection with them, which facilitates the construction of the solenoid valve.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit de modes particuliers de réalisation, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs. La description se réfère aux dessins qui l'accompagnent, dans lesquels :

  • - la Figure 1 montre une électrovanne selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, en coupe suivant un plan passant par son axe, les éléments constitutifs étant représentés dans la position qu'ils occupent lorsque l'électro-aimant n'est pas alimenté ;
  • - la Figure 2, similaire à la Figure 1, montre l'équipage de l'électrovanne dans la position qu'il occupe lorsque l'électro-aimant est alimenté ;
  • - la Figure 3 est une vue de l'électrovanne de la Figure 1, dans la direction III-III ;
  • - la Figure 4, similaire à la Figure 1, montre une variante de réalisation de l'invention.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of particular embodiments, given by way of nonlimiting examples. The description refers to the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • - Figure 1 shows a solenoid valve according to a first embodiment of the invention, in section along a plane passing through its axis, the constituent elements being shown in the position they occupy when the electromagnet is not powered;
  • - Figure 2, similar to Figure 1, shows the equipment of the solenoid valve in the position it occupies when the electromagnet is energized;
  • - Figure 3 is a view of the solenoid valve of Figure 1, in the direction III-III;
  • - Figure 4, similar to Figure 1, shows an alternative embodiment of the invention.

L'électrovanne montrée en Figures 1 à 3 est du type fermé au repos, c'est-à-dire comportant un obtu­rateur en appui sur son siège lorsque l'électrovanne n'est pas alimentée en courant électrique.The solenoid valve shown in Figures 1 to 3 is of the type closed at rest, that is to say comprising a shutter resting on its seat when the solenoid valve is not supplied with electric current.

Cette électrovanne comprend un boîtier 10 de forme générale cylindrique, en matériau amagnétique, dont la partie avant, de diamètre réduit, est filetée pour permettre de fixer le boîtier par vissage dans un corps de fonderie 12. Un joint d'étanchéité 14, inter­posé entre un épaulement du boîtier 10 et le corps 12, évite les fuites.This solenoid valve comprises a housing 10 of generally cylindrical shape, made of non-magnetic material, the front part of which, of reduced diameter, is threaded to allow the housing to be fixed by screwing in a foundry body 12. A seal 14, interposed between a shoulder of the housing 10 and the body 12, prevents leaks.

Dans le corps de fonderie 12 représenté sont ménagés des canaux 16 et 18 qui communiquent par l'intermédiaire d'un passage défini par un siège 20 dans la partie avant du boîtier. Dans la partie avant est ménagée une gorge de réception d'un joint torique 22 destiné à supprimer les communications entre les canaux 16 et 18 autrement que par le passage.In the foundry body 12 shown are formed channels 16 and 18 which communicate via a passage defined by a seat 20 in the front part of the housing. In the front part is formed a groove for receiving an O-ring 22 intended to suppress communications between the channels 16 and 18 other than through the passage.

Un espace ménagé à l'intérieur du boîtier contient un support tubulaire 23 en matière plastique portant le bobinage 24 d'un électro-aimant comportant également une carcasse fixe en fer doux 26, de forme annulaire. Les extrémités du bobinage sont reliées à des broches 28 et 30 de connexion avec un circuit d'excitation en courant continu (non représenté), placées à l'arrière du boîtier 10.A space provided inside the housing contains a tubular support 23 of plastic material carrying the coil 24 of an electromagnet also comprising a fixed soft iron carcass 26, of annular shape. The ends of the winding are connected to pins 28 and 30 for connection with a DC excitation circuit (not shown), placed at the rear of the housing 10.

Un équipage, mobile vers et à partir du siège 20, comporte un obturateur 32 déplaçable entre une position de repos où il s'appuie sur le siège 20 (Figure 1) et une position active où il en est écarté (Figure 2). L'obturateur est fixé, par exemple par emmanchement, sur un noyau 34 en fer doux, qui tend à passer de la position de repos (position de fermeture de l'obtura­teur) à la position active (position d'ouverture de l'obturateur où il est montré en Figure 2) sous l'action des forces électromagnétiques exercées par l'électro­aimant lorsque le bobinage 24 est alimenté quel que soit le sens de passage du courant. Un aimant permanent 36, à aimantation axiale, est placé à l'arrière de l'électro­aimant et couplé mécaniquement au noyau 34 par une tige 38, constituant entretoise. La tige entretoise coulisse dans le passage central de la carcasse annulaire en fer doux 26. Elle est en matériau amagnétique, par exemple en matière plastique. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté en Figures 1 à 3, l'entretoise a un simple appui de butée sur le noyau 34 et l'aimant 36. Mais elle pourrait être fixée à l'un et/ou à l'autre de ces éléments.A crew, mobile to and from the seat 20, comprises a shutter 32 movable between a rest position where it rests on the seat 20 (Figure 1) and an active position where it is moved away from it (Figure 2). The shutter is fixed, for example by fitting, on a soft iron core 34, which tends to pass from the rest position (shutter closed position) to the active position (shutter open position where it is shown in Figure 2) under the action of electromagnetic forces exerted by the electromagnet when the winding 24 is supplied regardless of the direction of current flow. A permanent magnet 36, with axial magnetization, is placed at the rear of the electromagnet and mechanically coupled to the core 34 by a rod 38, constituting a spacer. The spacer rod slides in the central passage of the annular carcass of soft iron 26. It is made of non-magnetic material, for example plastic. In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 3, the spacer has a simple abutment support on the core 34 and the magnet 36. But it could be fixed to one and / or the other of these elements .

La longueur de l'entretoise 38 est telle que, lorsque l'obturateur est en appui sur son siège, un entrefer e subsiste entre les faces en regard de la carcasse 26 et de l'aimant permanent 36, pour éviter un collage d9 à l'aimantation résiduelle de la carcasse. Un couvercle 40 placé à l'arrière du boîtier limite le recul de l'aimant 36 de façon qu'un entrefer subsiste encore entre la carcasse 26 et le noyau 34, l'un et l'autre en fer doux, lorsque le bobinage 24 est alimenté.The length of the spacer 38 is such that, when the shutter is in abutment on its seat, an air gap e remains between the facing faces of the carcass 26 and of the permanent magnet 36, to avoid sticking d9 to l residual magnetization of the carcass. A cover 40 placed at the rear of the housing limits the recoil of the magnet 36 so that an air gap still remains between the carcass 26 and the core 34, both made of soft iron, when the winding 24 is powered.

Des jeux de circulation d'air sont ménagés dans le boîtier de façon que les déplacements de l'équipage mobile ne soient pas gênés par la variation de volume des chambres délimitées par des pièces fixes et mobiles.Air circulation clearances are provided in the housing so that the movements of the mobile assembly are not hampered by the variation in volume of the chambers delimited by fixed and mobile parts.

Le fonctionnement de l'électrovanne qui vient d'être décrite est le suivant.The operation of the solenoid valve which has just been described is as follows.

Lorsque le bobinage 24 n'est pas alimenté, l'aimant permanent 36 tend à s'appliquer contre la carcasse 26 en fer doux et maintient l'obturateur 32 sur son siège 20, la force exercée par l'aimant étant transmise par l'entretoise 38 et le noyau 34.When the winding 24 is not supplied, the permanent magnet 36 tends to be applied against the soft iron carcass 26 and maintains the shutter 32 on its seat 20, the force exerted by the magnet being transmitted by the spacer 38 and the core 34.

Lorsque le bobinage 24 est alimenté par un courant continu de sens tel que le pôle de l'électro-aimant qui se forme en regard de l'aimant 36 soit de même nature que le pôle qui lui fait face, il y a simultanément :
- application à l'aimant 36 d'une force de répulsion, qui tend à l'amener dans la position de butée où il est montré en Figure 2,
- application au noyau 34 d'une force d'attrac­tion vers l'électro-aimant, tendant à le déplacer, et donc à déplacer l'aimant 36 par l'intermédiaire de l'entretoise 38, jusqu'à ce que l'aimant 36 soit en butée contre le couvercle 40.When the winding 24 is supplied by a direct current of direction such that the pole of the electromagnet which is formed opposite the magnet 36 is of the same nature as the pole which faces it, there is simultaneously:
- application to the magnet 36 of a repulsion force, which tends to bring it into the stop position where it is shown in FIG. 2,
- Application to the core 34 of a force of attraction towards the electromagnet, tending to move it, and therefore to move the magnet 36 via the spacer 38, until the magnet 36 is in abutment against the cover 40.

La force électromagnétique qui s'exerce sur le noyau 34 peut être maximale lorsque l'équipage est dans la position de pleine ouverture, ce qui réduit le risque de décollement du noyau, par exemple sous l'action de chocs ou de vibrations.The electromagnetic force exerted on the core 34 can be maximum when the crew is in the fully open position, which reduces the risk of separation of the core, for example under the action of shocks or vibrations.

Lorsqu'on cesse d'alimenter le bobinage 24, l'aimant 36 ramène tout l'équipage en position de fermeture.When the winding 24 is no longer supplied, the magnet 36 brings the whole crew back to the closed position.

Grâce à cette disposition, la force exercée par l'aimant 36 et tendant à faire avancer l'équipage mobile vers la position de fermeture est constamment croissante depuis la position montrée en Figure 2 jusqu'à la posi­tion d'obturation montrée en Figure 1 : en conséquence, les risques de fuite entre le siège 20 et l'obturateur 32 sont réduits.Thanks to this arrangement, the force exerted by the magnet 36 and tending to move the moving element towards the closed position is constantly increasing from the position shown in Figure 2 to the shutter position shown in Figure 1: consequently, the risks of leakage between the seat 20 and the shutter 32 are reduced.

Une électrovanne selon l'invention peut égale­ment être constituée de façon à être ouverte, et non pas fermée, au repos.A solenoid valve according to the invention can also be constituted so as to be open, and not closed, at rest.

La Figure 4 montre une électrovanne ayant la même constitution générale que celle de la Figure 1, si ce n'est que l'aimant 36a est solidaire de l'obturateur 32 alors que le noyau de fer doux 34a est placé à l'arrière de l'électro-aimant. Le noyau 34a et l'entre­toise 38 ont une longueur telle qu'un entrefer e de quelques dixièmes de millimètres subsiste entre l'aimant permanent 36a et la carcasse en fer doux 26 lorsque le noyau 34a est en appui contre le couvercle 40.Figure 4 shows a solenoid valve with the same general constitution as that of Figure 1, except that the magnet 36 a is integral with the shutter 32 while the soft iron core 34 a is placed at the rear of the electromagnet. The core 34 a and the spacer 38 have a length such that a gap e of a few tenths of a millimeter remains between the permanent magnet 36 a and the soft iron carcass 26 when the core 34 a is pressed against the cover 40 .

La source de courant continu d'alimentation du bobinage 24 a une polarité telle qu'à l'extrémité de la carcasse 26 en regard de l'aimant permanent 36a se forme un pôle de même nature que celui qui se trouve en face. Par exemple, dans le cas illustré en Figure 4, où l'aimant permanent 36a présente un pôle sud face à la carcasse 26, le sens du courant dans le bobinage 24 doit être tel qu'un pôle sud se forme en face de l'aimant permanent 36a.The DC power source for the winding 24 has a polarity such that at the end of the carcass 26 opposite the permanent magnet 36a, a pole of the same nature is formed as that which is opposite. For example, in the case illustrated in FIG. 4, where the permanent magnet 36 a has a south pole facing the carcass 26, the direction of the current in the coil 24 must be such that a south pole is formed opposite the permanent magnet 36 a .

Dans le cas de la Figure 4, la force exercée par le noyau 34a est encore maximale lorsque l'équipage mobile atteint la position vers laquelle l'entraîne le noyau. A cette force s'ajoute celle due à la répulsion entre pôles de même nom de la carcasse 26 et de l'aimant permanent 36a. Dans une certaine mesure, l'augmentation progressive de la force exercée par le noyau 34a au fur et à mesure de la réduction de l'entrefer compense la diminution progressive de la force de répulsion qui s'exerce sur l'aimant permanent 36a.In the case of FIG. 4, the force exerted by the core 34 a is still maximum when the moving element reaches the position towards which the core drives it. To this force is added that due to the repulsion between poles of the same name of the carcass 26 and the permanent magnet 36 a . To a certain extent, the progressive increase in the force exerted by the core 34 a as the air gap is reduced compensates for the progressive reduction in the repulsive force which is exerted on the permanent magnet 36 a .

Lorsque le bobinage 24 n'est pas alimenté, seule la force d'attraction de l'électro-aimant 36a maintient l'équipage en position de pleine ouverture. Mais cette force d'attraction est alors maximale, du fait que l'entrefer e a alors une valeur minimale, presque nulle.When the winding 24 is not supplied, only the force of attraction of the electromagnet 36 has the crew in the fully open position. But this force of attraction is then maximum, because the air gap e then has a minimum value, almost zero.

L'invention est susceptible de nombreuses variantes de réalisation. En particulier, le noyau en fer doux, ou en un matériau ferromagnétique ayant des propriétés similaires, et l'aimant permanent pourraient avoir des formes différentes de celles qui ont été représentées et pourraient en particulier avoir la même forme.The invention is susceptible of numerous variant embodiments. In particular, the soft iron core, or a ferromagnetic material having similar properties, and the permanent magnet could have different forms from those which have been represented and could in particular have the same form.

Claims (6)

1. Electrovanne comprenant, d'une part, un boîtier (10) contenant un électro-aimant à bobinage (24) de commande et dans lequel est ménagé un passage limité par un siège (20) de réception d'un obturateur (32) et, d'autre part, un équipage mobile dans le boîtier, déplaçable entre une première position vers laquelle il est attiré par un aimant permanent (36, 36a) et une autre position vers laquelle il est attiré par l'électro-aimant lorsque le bobinage (24) est alimenté, l'une des positions étant définie par l'appui de l'obtu­rateur (32) sur le siège (20), caractérisée en ce que l'équipage mobile comprend, en plus de l'aimant perma­nent, un noyau (34, 34a) de matériau ferromagnétique doux, placé de façon que l'entrefer du circuit qui comporte l'électro-aimant et le noyau soit minimum lorsque celui du circuit magnétique comportant l'aimant permanent est maximum, et inversement, le noyau (34, 34a) et l'aimant permanent (36, 36a) étant placés de part et d'autre de l'électro-aimant dans la direction de déplacement et reliés par une entretoise (38) en matériau amagnétique.1. Solenoid valve comprising, on the one hand, a housing (10) containing an electromagnet with control coil (24) and in which is formed a passage limited by a seat (20) for receiving a shutter (32) and, on the other hand, a moving element in the housing, movable between a first position towards which it is attracted by a permanent magnet (36, 36 a ) and another position towards which it is attracted by the electromagnet when the winding (24) is supplied, one of the positions being defined by the support of the shutter (32) on the seat (20), characterized in that the movable assembly comprises, in addition to the permanent magnet , a core (34, 34 a ) of soft ferromagnetic material, placed so that the air gap of the circuit comprising the electromagnet and the core is minimum when that of the magnetic circuit comprising the permanent magnet is maximum, and vice versa , the core (34, 34a) and the permanent magnet (36, 36 a ) being placed on either side other of the electromagnet in the direction of movement and connected by a spacer (38) made of non-magnetic material. 2. Electrovanne selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'entretoise (38) a une liaison de butée simple avec l'aimant et avec le noyau.2. Solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer (38) has a simple abutment connection with the magnet and with the core. 3. Electrovanne selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'entretoise (38) est fixée à l'un et/ou à l'autre de l'aimant et du noyau.3. Solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer (38) is fixed to one and / or the other of the magnet and the core. 4. Electrovanne selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce que ledit électro-aimant compor­tant une carcasse en matériau ferromagnétique doux (26) de forme annulaire, traversée par l'entretoise (38), en ce que le noyau (34) de matériau ferromagnétique doux est fixé à l'obturateur (32) et en ce que l'aimant permanent (36) à aimantation axiale est polarisé de telle façon que le pôle qui se crée à l'extrémité de la carcasse (26) adjacente à l'aimant permanent soit de même nature que le pôle en regard de l'aimant permanent lorsque le bobinage est alimenté en courant continu.4. Solenoid valve according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that said electromagnet comprising a carcass of soft ferromagnetic material (26) of annular shape, traversed by the spacer (38), in that the core (34 ) of soft ferromagnetic material is fixed to the shutter (32) and in that the permanent magnet (36) with axial magnetization is polarized by such that the pole which is created at the end of the carcass (26) adjacent to the permanent magnet is of the same nature as the pole opposite the permanent magnet when the winding is supplied with direct current. 5. Electrovanne selon la revendication 1, 2, ou 3, caractérisée en ce que ledit électro-aimant comporte une carcasse en matériau ferromagnétique doux (26) de forme annulaire, traversée par l'entretoise (38), en ce que l'aimant permanent (36a) à aimantation axiale est fixé à l'obturateur (32) et en ce que l'aimant est polarisé de façon que le pôle adjacent à la carcasse de fer doux (26) soit de même nature que le pôle qui se forme en regard sur la carcasse lorsque le bobinage est alimenté en courant continu.5. Solenoid valve according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that said electromagnet comprises a carcass of soft ferromagnetic material (26) of annular shape, crossed by the spacer (38), in that the magnet permanent (36 a ) with axial magnetization is fixed to the shutter (32) and in that the magnet is polarized so that the pole adjacent to the soft iron frame (26) is of the same nature as the pole which is opposite shape on the carcass when the winding is supplied with direct current. 6. Electrovanne selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le circuit magnétique comportant l'aimant permanent (36, 36a) comprend également une carcasse annulaire en matériau ferromagnétique (26) placée entre l'entretoise (38) et le bobinage (24).6. Solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic circuit comprising the permanent magnet (36, 36a) also comprises an annular carcass of ferromagnetic material (26) placed between the spacer (38) and the coil (24) .
EP19900402585 1989-09-22 1990-09-19 Electromagnetic valve with permanent magnet Expired - Lifetime EP0419352B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8912487A FR2652402B1 (en) 1989-09-22 1989-09-22 SOLENOID VALVE WITH PERMANENT MAGNET.
FR8912487 1989-09-22

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EP0419352A1 true EP0419352A1 (en) 1991-03-27
EP0419352B1 EP0419352B1 (en) 1994-03-30

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EP19900402585 Expired - Lifetime EP0419352B1 (en) 1989-09-22 1990-09-19 Electromagnetic valve with permanent magnet

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EP (1) EP0419352B1 (en)
BR (1) BR9004843A (en)
DE (1) DE69007725T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2652402B1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2762363A1 (en) * 1997-04-17 1998-10-23 Daimler Benz Ag ELECTROMAGNETIC CONTROL VALVE
EP0955645A3 (en) * 1998-05-06 2000-08-16 O.M.T. Officine Meccaniche Torino S.p.A. Electromagnetic ultraswift actuator without springs

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108019553A (en) * 2018-01-12 2018-05-11 西华大学 A kind of electromagnetic air valve

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1267924B (en) * 1966-11-05 1968-05-09 Erich Herion Electromagnetic valve actuated by a pulse
DE2826212A1 (en) * 1977-06-18 1979-03-22 Hart J C H ACTUATION DEVICE
EP0333452A2 (en) * 1988-03-16 1989-09-20 Eaton S.A.M. Two position valve

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61144005A (en) * 1984-12-17 1986-07-01 Shinichi Watanabe Stroke-adjustable self-hold type double acting solenoid

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1267924B (en) * 1966-11-05 1968-05-09 Erich Herion Electromagnetic valve actuated by a pulse
DE2826212A1 (en) * 1977-06-18 1979-03-22 Hart J C H ACTUATION DEVICE
EP0333452A2 (en) * 1988-03-16 1989-09-20 Eaton S.A.M. Two position valve

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 10, no. 340 (E-455)(2396) 18 novembre 1986, & JP-A-61 144005 (SHINICHI WATANABE) 01 juillet 1986, *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2762363A1 (en) * 1997-04-17 1998-10-23 Daimler Benz Ag ELECTROMAGNETIC CONTROL VALVE
US6068236A (en) * 1997-04-17 2000-05-30 Daimlerchrysler Ag Electromagnetically operable valve
EP0955645A3 (en) * 1998-05-06 2000-08-16 O.M.T. Officine Meccaniche Torino S.p.A. Electromagnetic ultraswift actuator without springs

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69007725D1 (en) 1994-05-05
FR2652402B1 (en) 1992-01-24
FR2652402A1 (en) 1991-03-29
BR9004843A (en) 1991-09-10
DE69007725T2 (en) 1994-07-14
EP0419352B1 (en) 1994-03-30

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