EP0426972B1 - Ebene Antenne - Google Patents

Ebene Antenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0426972B1
EP0426972B1 EP90117356A EP90117356A EP0426972B1 EP 0426972 B1 EP0426972 B1 EP 0426972B1 EP 90117356 A EP90117356 A EP 90117356A EP 90117356 A EP90117356 A EP 90117356A EP 0426972 B1 EP0426972 B1 EP 0426972B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slot
feedline
antenna according
antenna
plane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90117356A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0426972A1 (de
Inventor
Thierry Dusseux
Michel Lairle
Michel Gomez-Henri
Gérard Raguenet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Espace Industries SA
Original Assignee
Alcatel Espace Industries SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel Espace Industries SA filed Critical Alcatel Espace Industries SA
Publication of EP0426972A1 publication Critical patent/EP0426972A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0426972B1 publication Critical patent/EP0426972B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H01Q9/0457—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means electromagnetically coupled to the feed line
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0414—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna in a stacked or folded configuration

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a planar antenna, for example printed or plated, radiating circularly or linearly polarized waves.
  • the invention can be applied to the excitation of a waveguide in circular or linear polarization.
  • Such an antenna according to the invention achieves a compact transition between supply lines of the TEM (Electro-Magnetic Transverse) type such as triplate, microstrip, coaxial, "bar-line” lines (non-exhaustive list) and space. free (or a waveguide).
  • TEM Electro-Magnetic Transverse
  • the antenna of the invention is one of the plated antennas, while improving their performance.
  • Document EP-A2-0 271 458 discloses a planar antenna comprising an annular slot and one (or more) supply line (s) which is (are) disposed tangentially or radially with respect to this slot .
  • Document EP-A2-0 271 458 describes a device having the characteristics of FIGS. 1 to 2 of the present application, which show certain known characteristics of the antenna according to the invention. Compared to this prior art, the invention makes it possible to reduce or eliminate the parasitic modes between the two conducting planes (8, 9), and thus to improve the performance of the antenna. Other advantages which result from the use of a construction according to claim 1 will be apparent to those skilled in the art who will be motivated by the adoption of this new provision.
  • the invention aims to improve the characteristics of devices of the known art.
  • the invention proposes, for this purpose, a planar antenna comprising a passive resonator coupled to at least one feed line by a slot having the shape of an annular loop, this slot being an annular space between a conductive pad and a plane conductor, both arranged in the same plane; said antenna further comprising a ground plane, the supply line (s) being disposed between said ground plane and the conductive plane containing the coupling slot, these elements being separated by respective dielectric spacers, characterized in that said antenna further comprises parasitic wave trap means which form a continuous or discrete short-circuiting metal cavity, which at least partially surrounds the coupling slot on the supply line side (s).
  • the trap means form a metallic cavity with capacitive closure, which is short-circuiting for the high operating frequencies envisaged for the applications of the antenna of the invention.
  • the antenna according to the invention has a better bandwidth than the previous devices.
  • it is well suited to preserving a symmetry of radiation in the case of a circular polarization or of a double linear polarization.
  • Such an antenna can be used in a multisource antenna (antenna array) with frequency reuse in circular or linear polarization. It can also be used in a multisource antenna or direct radiation network, where only one type of polarization of the wave is excited.
  • This resonator is coupled to the supply line 4 by an annular slot 3 of circular, square or other shape, the width of the slot being constant or not.
  • This slot 3 is formed by the spacing between a conductive plane 8 and a disc, square or other form of conductive material 2.
  • Conductors 8 and 2 can be printed or engraved.
  • the supply line 4 which may for example be a triplate line or a microstrip line, can be between two ground planes 8 and 9. It can be devoid of the second ground plane 9, if the radiation on the line side supply is sufficiently low (supply by microstrip line).
  • the antenna of the invention has various spacers of dielectric nature 5, 6 and 7. These spacers can be homogeneous or inhomogeneous, partial or not, of varying heights depending on the layer considered and based on expected performance. These spacers can be made of a material with low dielectric permittivity, especially the spacer 5. If the spacers 6 and 7 are identical in height and radioelectric qualities, the supply line is then of the triple line or "bar-line” type. "depending on the thickness of the conductor 4. The spacer materials 6 and 7 are generally of permittivity equal to or higher than that of the spacer 5.
  • the supply line is of the shielded microstrip type.
  • the permittivity of the spacer 6 can then be higher than that of the spacer 7.
  • the thickness of the spacer 6 is then thinner than that of the spacer 7.
  • the resonator 1 can be covered with a protective non-conductive material 13.
  • the supply line 4 is, in general, radial and supplies the slot 3 by electromagnetic coupling, typically by a quarter wave stub terminated by an open circuit.
  • the slot then couples to the resonator 1. All of these couplings makes it possible to obtain a wide passband, typically 20% at a TOS less than 1.2, on air substrates.
  • the maximum radiation is then made perpendicular to the conductors 8 and 2, in a direction parallel to that of the arrow I in FIG. 2.
  • the ground plane 8 and the conductor 2 therefore mask the radiation from the supply line.
  • the radiation has very good symmetry and a low level of cross-polarization.
  • FIG. 3 details the excitation of the annular slot 3 by quarter-radial wave section.
  • This excitation can be done in triplate line, microstrip, etc.
  • the section 10 is a stub terminated by an open circuit, of length close to a quarter of the guided wavelength of the line. The open end circuit turns into a short circuit in the plane of the slot, thus allowing the excitation of the slot.
  • the section 11 is an impedance transformer section of length close to a quarter of the guided wavelength of the line, allowing adaptation of the device to a desired impedance (50 ohms for example).
  • Line 12 is then an access line to the device transporting the exchanged power.
  • the excitation plane of the slot can be more or less between the center of symmetry of the device and the slot, as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a front view of the device in the case of a double supply by quarter-wave sections in open circuit.
  • the lines 14 and 15 each cross the slot perpendicularly (radially) and, possibly depending on their lengths, take on the conductor 2 a non-rectilinear shape, moving away each other to reduce any coupling.
  • Lines 14 and 15 are structured as described in Figure 3.
  • Figures 5, 6 and 7 show variants of the invention, where it is to generate a circular polarization with a single access.
  • an asymmetry related to a plated antenna is capable of creating a circularly polarized wave.
  • the antenna of the invention can therefore also be used with the addition of these asymmetries.
  • notch notches
  • ears ears
  • slot in the conductor 2 or 1 or the of them.
  • the purpose of these modifications is to dissymmetry the radiating structure.
  • FIG. 5 represents such notches arranged diagonally, the width of notches continuously decreasing as they approach the center.
  • This shape of the conductor 2 optimizes the ellipticity rate over a large bandwidth. (Ellipticity rate less than 1 dB on a band of almost 8%).
  • FIG. 6 illustrates another way of generating a circular polarization wave with an access: on the diagonal is arranged a thin conductor shorting the slot 3 between the conductors 8 and 2.
  • Figure 7 shows another variant.
  • the supply line passes under the slot at two perpendicular locations.
  • the length of the line between the two crossings is of the order of a quarter of the wavelength.
  • the line is closed by a quarter wave section in open circuit, in accordance with the description of FIG. 3.
  • the variants described above can be provided with a second access symmetrical with the first with respect to the asymmetry as shown in figure 8.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Ebene Antenne mit einem passiven Resonator (1), der an mindestens eine Speiseleitung (4) über einen Schlitz (3) in Form einer Ringschleife gekoppelt ist, wobei der Schlitz (3) ein ringförmiger Raum zwischen einem Leiterplättchen (2) und einer Leiterebene (8) ist, die beide in derselben Ebene liegen, wobei die Antenne außerdem eine Massenebene (9) besitzt und die Speiseleitung(en) zwischen der Massenebene (9) und der den Kopplungsschlitz (3) enthaltenden Leiterebene (8) angeordnet ist (sind) und diese Elemente (9, 4, 8, 1) durch jeweilige dielektrische Abstandsschichten (7, 6, 5) getrennt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antenne außerdem Fallen (16) für Störwellen besitzt, die eine kontinuierliche oder diskrete metallische Kurzschlußkavität bilden, welche mindestens einen Teil des Kopplungsschlitzes (3) auf der Seite der Speiseleitung(en) (4) umgibt.
  2. Ebene Antenne mit einem passiven Resonator (1), der an mindestens eine Speiseleitung (4) über einen Schlitz (3) in Form einer Ringschleife gekoppelt ist, wobei der Schlitz (3) ein ringförmiger Raum zwischen einem Leiterplättchen (2) und einer Leiterebene (8) ist, die beide in derselben Ebene liegen, wobei die Antenne außerdem eine Massenebene (9) besitzt und die Speiseleitung(en) zwischen der Massenebene (9) und der den Kopplungsschlitz (3) enthaltenden Leiterebene (8) angeordnet ist (sind) und diese Elemente (9, 4, 8, 1) durch jeweilige dielektrische Abstandsschichten (7, 6, 5) getrennt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antenne weiter Fallen für Störwellen enthält, die eine metallische Kavität mit kapazitivem Abschluß bilden, die mindestens einen Teil des Kopplungsschlitzes (3) auf der Seite der Speiseleitung(en) (4) umgibt.
  3. Antenne nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Speiseleitung (4) bestehend aus einer Viertelwellenlängenleitung mit offenem Kreis, gefolgt von einem bezüglich der Ebene des Schlitzes versetzten Anpassungsabschnitt (11) gebildet wird.
  4. Antenne nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Speisung über zwei Leitungen erfolgt, die orthogonal polarisierte Wellen erzeugen.
  5. Antenne nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Speiseleitung(en) den Schlitz (3) in radialer Richtung kreuzt (bzw. kreuzen).
  6. Antenne nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Speiseleitung(en) tangential zum Schlitz (3) verläuft (bzw. verlaufen).
  7. Antenne nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine der Speiseleitungen tangential und die andere radial zum Schlitz (3) verläuft.
  8. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Resonator (1) oder der Schlitz (3) oder beide unsymmetrisch bezüglich der Speiseleitung (4) angeordnet sind, um eine zirkular polarisierte Welle zu erzeugen.
  9. Antenne nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Unsymmetrie in einem oder zwei Kurzschlüssen besteht, die auf dem Schlitz (3) angebracht sind.
  10. Antenne nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Unsymmetrie aus Kerben besteht, deren Breite mit der Tiefe im Leiter abnimmt.
  11. Antenne nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Speiseleitung in einem einzigen Zweig den Schlitz an zwei zueinander orthogonalen Stellen speist, um eine zirkular polarisierte Welle zu erzeugen.
  12. Antenne nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwei Speisezugänge verwendet werden, die symmetrisch bezüglich der Unsymmetrie angeordnet sind, um an einem Zugang eine zirkular polarisierte Welle zu erzeugen, die orthogonal zu der am anderen Zugang erzeugten Welle polarisiert ist.
  13. Antenne nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie am Ende eines Wellenleiters senkrecht zu dessen Achse angeordnet ist, derart, daß sie von ihm angeregt werden kann.
  14. Antenne nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der äußere Leiter (8) des Schlitzes (2) Hohlräume (17) besitzt.
EP90117356A 1989-09-11 1990-09-10 Ebene Antenne Expired - Lifetime EP0426972B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8911829 1989-09-11
FR8911829A FR2651926B1 (fr) 1989-09-11 1989-09-11 Antenne plane.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0426972A1 EP0426972A1 (de) 1991-05-15
EP0426972B1 true EP0426972B1 (de) 1994-04-13

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ID=9385303

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90117356A Expired - Lifetime EP0426972B1 (de) 1989-09-11 1990-09-10 Ebene Antenne

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5539420A (de)
EP (1) EP0426972B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2951707B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2024992C (de)
DE (1) DE69008116T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2651926B1 (de)

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CN1608333B (zh) * 2001-12-19 2010-05-05 汤姆森许可贸易公司 圆形极化天线
TWI458177B (zh) * 2010-11-19 2014-10-21 Univ Tatung 具有兩鏈結環形槽孔之圓形極化天線

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US4719470A (en) * 1985-05-13 1988-01-12 Ball Corporation Broadband printed circuit antenna with direct feed
US4761654A (en) * 1985-06-25 1988-08-02 Communications Satellite Corporation Electromagnetically coupled microstrip antennas having feeding patches capacitively coupled to feedlines
JPS6215902A (ja) * 1985-07-15 1987-01-24 Yagi Antenna Co Ltd 一次放射器及びこれを備えたコンバ−タ
CA1266325A (en) * 1985-07-23 1990-02-27 Fumihiro Ito Microwave antenna
US4710775A (en) * 1985-09-30 1987-12-01 The Boeing Company Parasitically coupled, complementary slot-dipole antenna element
JPS6365703A (ja) * 1986-09-05 1988-03-24 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 平面アンテナ
US5005019A (en) * 1986-11-13 1991-04-02 Communications Satellite Corporation Electromagnetically coupled printed-circuit antennas having patches or slots capacitively coupled to feedlines
EP0295003A3 (de) * 1987-06-09 1990-08-29 THORN EMI plc Antenne
JPS6439102A (en) * 1987-08-03 1989-02-09 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Plane antenna
FR2623020B1 (fr) * 1987-11-05 1990-02-16 Alcatel Espace Dispositif d'excitation d'un guide d'onde en polarisation circulaire par une antenne plane

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1608333B (zh) * 2001-12-19 2010-05-05 汤姆森许可贸易公司 圆形极化天线
TWI458177B (zh) * 2010-11-19 2014-10-21 Univ Tatung 具有兩鏈結環形槽孔之圓形極化天線

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69008116D1 (de) 1994-05-19
CA2024992C (fr) 1994-07-26
FR2651926B1 (fr) 1991-12-13
EP0426972A1 (de) 1991-05-15
CA2024992A1 (fr) 1991-03-12
JP2951707B2 (ja) 1999-09-20
JPH03107203A (ja) 1991-05-07
DE69008116T2 (de) 1994-07-21
US5539420A (en) 1996-07-23
FR2651926A1 (fr) 1991-03-15

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