EP0416079B1 - Self-locking descending device for rope with two locking positions - Google Patents

Self-locking descending device for rope with two locking positions Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0416079B1
EP0416079B1 EP90904864A EP90904864A EP0416079B1 EP 0416079 B1 EP0416079 B1 EP 0416079B1 EP 90904864 A EP90904864 A EP 90904864A EP 90904864 A EP90904864 A EP 90904864A EP 0416079 B1 EP0416079 B1 EP 0416079B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pulley
rope
jamming
flange
descender
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP90904864A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0416079A1 (en
Inventor
Paul Petzl
Pierre Petzl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CAMBIO RAGIONE SOCIALE;ZEDEL
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Petzl SA
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Publication of EP0416079A1 publication Critical patent/EP0416079A1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/14—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brakes sliding on the rope
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B29/00—Apparatus for mountaineering
    • A63B29/02—Mountain guy-ropes or accessories, e.g. avalanche ropes; Means for indicating the location of accidentally buried, e.g. snow-buried, persons

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is to improve the reliability and the grip of a self-locking descender with two locking positions.
  • the descender according to the invention is characterized in that the pivoting support comprises, opposite the control lever, a wedge cleat separated from the second pulley by a space for passage of the the rope, and that the first pulley has a second braking surface, against which the rope is pressed by the catch when the control handle is moved to a second locking position.
  • the articulation axis of the movable support is eccentric with respect to the imaginary center of the second pulley, so as to increase the tightening torque of the rope when the control lever is biased towards the first locking position.
  • the space for passage of the support between the second pulley and the jamming cleat is crossed by two adjacent strands of a loop of the rope, which is wound on the first pulley.
  • the angled position of the control handle facilitates gripping and actuation by the user during travel to the intermediate unlocking position.
  • the descender is attached to the harness by means of a carabiner and a connecting strap.
  • the carabiner is positioned in oblong slots of decreasing sections made at the ends of the flanges.
  • a self-locking descender 10 with two locking positions comprises a pair of pulleys 12,14 housed in a transverse gap 16 formed between two parallel flanges 18,20.
  • the first pulley 12 is fixedly mounted by means of a screw 21 on the first base flange 18, while being immobilized in rotation.
  • the upper circular sector of the pulley 12 is provided with a groove 22 for guiding the rope 24.
  • the other part, oriented towards the second pulley 14, is equipped with a first braking surface 26 and a second surface braking 28.
  • the two surfaces 26, 28 are substantially rectilinear, forming an obtuse angle between them.
  • a fixed axis 30 projects, extending parallel to the screw 21 for fixing the first pulley 12.
  • a mobile support 32 On the axis 30 is mounted with limited rotation a mobile support 32, separate from the flange base 18 by a small axial clearance, allowing the pivoting of the support 32 inside the gap 16 in a plane parallel to the base flange 18.
  • One of the ends of the movable support 32 is extended laterally by a lever command 34, the manual actuation of which controls the blocking and unblocking of the rope 24, as well as the speed of descent.
  • the other end of the support 32 is provided with a wedging cleat 36, while the second pulley 14 is immobilized in rotation on the support 32 between the lever 34 and the cleat 36.
  • the second pulley 14 is shaped as a cam comprising a circular groove sector 38 for guiding the rope 24, and a boss 40 intended to cooperate with the first braking surface 26.
  • a circular orifice 42 passes through the pulley 14 to allow the mounting of the support 32 movable on the fixed axis 30 of the base flange 18.
  • the orifice 42 is eccentric relative to the imaginary center 44 of the circular groove 38 of the second pulley 14, so as to increase the torque during an automatic blocking following a fall.
  • the orifice 42 is located between the fictitious center 44 of the groove 38 and the straight edge 46 arranged opposite the groove 38.
  • a space 48 for passage of the rope 24 is provided between the second pulley 14 and the wedging cleat 36.
  • the second flange 20 for closing the transverse interval 16 is mounted to scissor tilt on the fixed axis 30 between a spaced-apart position (fig. 1) suitable for engagement along an S of the cord 24 in the grooves 22,38 for guiding the two pulleys 12,14, and a closed position (fig. 7) in which the two flanges 18,20 are arranged opposite one another, preventing any escape of the rope 24 out of the interval 16.
  • the first base flange 18 advantageously comprises a square edge 50 oriented in the direction of the second flange 20.
  • the first flange 18 is provided with an oblong opening 52 of decreasing section downwards.
  • the second flange 20 also comprises a light 54 of the same profile, capable of coming into alignment in the closed position with the light 52 combined, to allow the passage of a fastening carabiner, connected to the user's harness harness.
  • An articulated pawl is associated with the light 52 of the second flange 20 to facilitate the introduction of the carabiner.
  • the user After tilting of the second flange 20 towards the separated position (fig. 1), the user wraps the cord 24 around the groove 38 of the second pulley 14, followed by passage through the intermediate space delimited by the edge 46 and the first braking surface 26.
  • the rope 24 then passes through the groove 22 of the first pulley 12, then into the space 48 adjacent between the wedging cleat 36 and the edge 46.
  • the reclosing of the second flange 20 traps the rope 24 in the interval 16, and any accidental separation of the flanges 12,14 is excluded by the presence of the carabiner in the slots 52,54.
  • the decreasing section of the lights 52, 54 allows correct positioning and centering of the carabiner regardless of its size.
  • Figure 2 shows the descender 10 in the unlocked position, corresponding to the intermediate position of the control handle 34, allowing the user to descend the movement along the vertical rope 24.
  • the speed of descent is controlled by the friction of the rope 24 in the two grooves 22,38 of the pulleys 12,14.
  • the coming of the handle 34 in the intermediate position results from a voluntary action exerted manually by the user in the direction of arrow F1. This results in a predetermined pivoting of the support 32 around the axis 30 and anti-clockwise, so as to neutralize the reaction of the boss 40 and the jamming cleat 36 on the rope 24.
  • FIG. 5 shows the state of the descender 10 out of service, in particular during transport.
  • the shape and the eccentricity of the second pulley 14 allow, in the absence of a rope 24, free pivoting of the control lever 34 beyond the first position, without the boss 40 touching the first braking surface 26.
  • the handle 34 is then substantially parallel to the flanges 18, 20, and is no longer projecting. The transport of the descender 10 is then carried out without discomfort for the user.
  • the orifice 42 of the second pulley 14 is arranged coaxially on the imaginary center 44.
  • the invention also extends to a descender for double return rope, in which each pulley 12, 14 has two juxtaposed grooves for guiding the rope 24.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Pulleys (AREA)

Abstract

A self-locking descending device for a rope (24) is comprised of a first side plate (18) provided with an articulation axis (30) and with a first fixed pulley (12), a mouvable suppport (32) with control lever (34) pivotingly mounted on the articulation axis (30) and a second pulley (14) integral with the support (32) and offset with respect to the axis (30). The second pulley (14) has a bulging (14) cooperating with a first braking surface (26) of the first pulley (12) when the lever (34) is in a first locking position. The pivoting support (32) is provided with a keying lug (36), separated from the second pulley (14) by a space (48) for the passage of the rope (24), and cooperating with a second braking surface (28) when the handle (34) is displaced towards a second locking position. The unlocking of the descending device (10) takes place in an intermediary position of the control lever (34). Applications : mountaineering, speleology, climbing and works sites.

Description

TECHNIQUE ANTERIEUREPRIOR ART

L'invention est relative à un descendeur autobloquant à deux positions de blocage pour la descente d'un utilisateur le long d'une corde, et comprenant :

  • un premier flasque de base, équipé d'une première poulie fixe décalée par rapport à un axe d'articulation, perpendiculaire au premier flasque,
  • une deuxième poulie solidaire d'un support mobile, monté à pivotement autour de l'axe dans un plan parallèle au flasque de base,
  • un levier de commande assujetti à l'ensemble support et deuxième poulie pour former un dispositif coinceur à deux positions de blocage de la corde, laquelle est enroulée selon un S dans des gorges de guidage des deux poulies, le déblocage intervenant dans une position intermédiaire du levier de commande,
  • un deuxième flasque parallèle au premier flasque de base avec interposition des deux poulies dans un intervalle transversal, ledit deuxième flasque étant escamotable pour autoriser l'enroulement de la corde sur les poulies,
  • des moyens d'attache des deux flasques à un baudrier,
  • et une première surface de freinage agencée sur la première poulie fixe contre laquelle est pressée la corde par un bossage de la deuxième poulie dans une première position de blocage du levier de commande.
The invention relates to a self-locking descender with two locking positions for the descent of a user along a rope, and comprising:
  • a first base flange, equipped with a first fixed pulley offset with respect to an articulation axis, perpendicular to the first flange,
  • a second pulley secured to a mobile support, pivotally mounted about the axis in a plane parallel to the base flange,
  • a control lever secured to the support and second pulley assembly to form a jamming device with two rope locking positions, which is wound according to an S in guide grooves of the two pulleys, the unlocking occurring in an intermediate position of the control lever,
  • a second flange parallel to the first base flange with the interposition of the two pulleys in a transverse interval, said second flange being retractable to allow the winding of the rope on the pulleys,
  • means for attaching the two flanges to a harness,
  • and a first braking surface arranged on the first fixed pulley against which the rope is pressed by a boss of the second pulley in a first position for blocking the control lever.

Un tel descendeur est connu du document FR-2451 752, dans lequel la deuxième poulie est équipée de deux bossages coopérant avec la première poulie pour former un coinceur à deux positions de blocage, lorsque le levier de commande pivotant se trouve alternativement dans deux positions extrêmes. On remarque que la fonction de coincement de chaque bossage s'exerce toujours sur le même brin intermédiaire de la corde, agencé entre les deux poulies. Le débattement du levier de commande entre les deux positions de blocage est de l'ordre d'un quart de cercle, et l'action manuelle de déblocage vers la position intermédiaire du levier de commande nécessite un effort important.Such a descender is known from document FR-2451 752, in which the second pulley is equipped with two bosses cooperating with the first pulley to form a jammer with two locking positions, when the pivoting control lever is alternately in two extreme positions . It is noted that the wedging function of each boss is always exerted on the same intermediate strand of the rope, arranged between the two pulleys. The movement of the control lever between the two locking positions is of the order of a quarter of a circle, and the manual unlocking action towards the intermediate position of the control lever requires significant effort.

EXPOSE DE L'INVENTIONSTATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

L'objet de l'invention consiste à améliorer la fiabilité et la préhension d'un descendeur autobloquant à deux positions de blocage.The object of the invention is to improve the reliability and the grip of a self-locking descender with two locking positions.

Le descendeur selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que le support pivotant comporte à l'opposé du levier de commande, un taquet de coincement séparé de la deuxième poulie par un espace de passage de la corde, et que la première poulie est dotée d'une deuxième surface de freinage, contre laquelle est pressée la corde par le taquet de coincement lorsque la poignée de commande est déplacée vers une deuxième position de blocage.The descender according to the invention is characterized in that the pivoting support comprises, opposite the control lever, a wedge cleat separated from the second pulley by a space for passage of the the rope, and that the first pulley has a second braking surface, against which the rope is pressed by the catch when the control handle is moved to a second locking position.

L'axe d'articulation du support mobile est excentré par rapport au centre fictif de la deuxième poulie, de manière à augmenter le couple de serrage de la corde lorsque le levier de commande est sollicité vers la première position de blocage.The articulation axis of the movable support is eccentric with respect to the imaginary center of the second pulley, so as to increase the tightening torque of the rope when the control lever is biased towards the first locking position.

L'espace de passage du support entre la deuxième poulie et le taquet de coincement est traversé par deux brins adjacents d'une boucle de la corde, laquelle est enroulée sur la première poulie.The space for passage of the support between the second pulley and the jamming cleat is crossed by two adjacent strands of a loop of the rope, which is wound on the first pulley.

Lorsque le descendeur est en service, la position en équerre de la poignée de commande en facilite la préhension et l'actionnement par l'utilisateur lors du débattement vers la position intermédiaire de déblocage.When the descender is in service, the angled position of the control handle facilitates gripping and actuation by the user during travel to the intermediate unlocking position.

Le descendeur est accroché au baudrier au moyen d'un mousqueton et d'une sangle de liaison. Le positionnement du mousqueton s'effectue dans des lumières oblongues de sections décroissantes pratiquées aux extrémités des flasques.The descender is attached to the harness by means of a carabiner and a connecting strap. The carabiner is positioned in oblong slots of decreasing sections made at the ends of the flanges.

DESCRIPTION RAPIDE DES FIGURESQUICK DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description ou va suivre d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention, donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, et représenté aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 montre une vue en élévation du descendeur selon l'invention, représenté en position écartée du deuxième flasque pour l'enroulement de la corde sur les poulies ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue identique de la figure 1 en position intermédiaire de déblocage de la poignée de commande, le deuxième flasque n'étant pas représenté pour plus de clarté ;
  • les figures 3 et 4 sont des vues identiques à la figure 2, le descendeur étant représenté respectivement dans une première et dans une deuxième position de blocage de la poignée ;
  • la figure 5 montre le descendeur à l'état de repos lors du transport ;
  • la figure 6 représente le premier flasque de base équipé de la première poulie et de l'axe d'articulation ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue de profil du descendeur en position fermée du deuxième flasque ;
  • la figure 8 montre le support mobile comportant le levier de commande, la deuxième poulie et le taquet de coincement.
Other advantages and characteristics will emerge more clearly from the description or will follow from an embodiment of the invention, given by way of nonlimiting example, and represented in the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 shows an elevational view of the descender according to the invention, shown in the separated position of the second flange for the winding of the rope on the pulleys;
  • Figure 2 is an identical view to Figure 1 in the intermediate release position of the control handle, the second flange not being shown for clarity;
  • Figures 3 and 4 are views identical to Figure 2, the descender being shown respectively in a first and in a second locking position of the handle;
  • FIG. 5 shows the descender in the rest state during transport;
  • FIG. 6 shows the first base flange fitted with the first pulley and the hinge pin;
  • Figure 7 is a side view of the descender in the closed position of the second flange;
  • FIG. 8 shows the mobile support comprising the control lever, the second pulley and the jamming stopper.

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE L'INVENTIONDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Sur les figures, un descendeur 10 autobloquant à deux positions de blocage, comporte une paire de poulies 12,14 logées dans un intervalle 16 transversale ménagé entre deux flasques 18,20 parallèles. La première poulie 12 est montée fixe au moyen d'une vis 21 sur le premier flasque de base 18, en étant immobilisée en rotation. Le secteur circulaire supérieur de la poulie 12 est doté d'une gorge 22 de guidage de la corde 24. L'autre partie, orientée vers la deuxième poulie 14, est équipée d'une première surface de freinage 26 et d'une deuxième surface de freinage 28. Les deux surfaces 26,28 sont sensiblement rectilignes en faisant entre elles un angle obtu.In the figures, a self-locking descender 10 with two locking positions, comprises a pair of pulleys 12,14 housed in a transverse gap 16 formed between two parallel flanges 18,20. The first pulley 12 is fixedly mounted by means of a screw 21 on the first base flange 18, while being immobilized in rotation. The upper circular sector of the pulley 12 is provided with a groove 22 for guiding the rope 24. The other part, oriented towards the second pulley 14, is equipped with a first braking surface 26 and a second surface braking 28. The two surfaces 26, 28 are substantially rectilinear, forming an obtuse angle between them.

Dans la zone médiane du flasque de base 18 fait saillie un axe 30 fixe, s'étendant parallèlement à la vis 21 de fixation de la première poulie 12. Sur l'axe 30 est monté à rotation limitée un support 32 mobile, séparé du flasque de base 18 par un faible jeu axial, autorisant le pivotement du support 32 à l'intérieur de l'intervalle 16 dans un plan parallèle au flasque de base 18. L'une des extrémités du support 32 mobile est prolongée latéralement par un levier de commande 34, dont l'actionnement manuel pilote le blocage et le déblocage de la corde 24, ainsi que la vitesse de descente. L'autre extrémité du support 32 est pourvue d'un taquet de coincement 36, alors que la deuxième poulie 14 est immobilisée en rotation sur le support 32 entre le levier 34 et le taquet 36.In the central zone of the base flange 18, a fixed axis 30 projects, extending parallel to the screw 21 for fixing the first pulley 12. On the axis 30 is mounted with limited rotation a mobile support 32, separate from the flange base 18 by a small axial clearance, allowing the pivoting of the support 32 inside the gap 16 in a plane parallel to the base flange 18. One of the ends of the movable support 32 is extended laterally by a lever command 34, the manual actuation of which controls the blocking and unblocking of the rope 24, as well as the speed of descent. The other end of the support 32 is provided with a wedging cleat 36, while the second pulley 14 is immobilized in rotation on the support 32 between the lever 34 and the cleat 36.

La deuxième poulie 14 est conformée en came comprenant un secteur circulaire à gorge 38 de guidage de la corde 24, et un bossage 40 destiné à coopérer avec la première surface de freinage 26. Un orifice 42 circulaire traverse la poulie 14 pour autoriser le montage du support 32 mobile sur l'axe 30 fixe du flasque de base 18.The second pulley 14 is shaped as a cam comprising a circular groove sector 38 for guiding the rope 24, and a boss 40 intended to cooperate with the first braking surface 26. A circular orifice 42 passes through the pulley 14 to allow the mounting of the support 32 movable on the fixed axis 30 of the base flange 18.

L'orifice 42 est excentré par rapport au centre fictif 44 de la gorge 38 circulaire de la deuxième poulie 14, de manière à augmenter le couple lors d'un blocage automatique à la suite d'une chute. L'orifice 42 est situé entre le centre fictif 44 de la gorge 38 et l'arête 46 rectiligne agencée à l'opposé de la gorge 38.The orifice 42 is eccentric relative to the imaginary center 44 of the circular groove 38 of the second pulley 14, so as to increase the torque during an automatic blocking following a fall. The orifice 42 is located between the fictitious center 44 of the groove 38 and the straight edge 46 arranged opposite the groove 38.

Un espace 48 de passage de la corde 24 est ménagé entre la deuxième poulie 14 et le taquet de coincement 36.A space 48 for passage of the rope 24 is provided between the second pulley 14 and the wedging cleat 36.

Le deuxième flasque 20 d'obturation de l'intervalle 16 transversal, est monté à basculement en ciseaux sur l'axe fixe 30 entre une position écartée (fig.1) appropriée à l'engagement selon un S de la corde 24 dans les gorges 22,38 de guidage des deux poulies 12,14, et une position fermée (fig.7) dans laquelle les deux flasques 18,20 sont disposés en regard l'un de l'autre, en empêchant tout échappement de la corde 24 hors de l'intervalle 16. Le premier flasque 18 de base comporte avantageusement un rebord 50 en équerre orienté en direction du deuxième flasque 20.The second flange 20 for closing the transverse interval 16, is mounted to scissor tilt on the fixed axis 30 between a spaced-apart position (fig. 1) suitable for engagement along an S of the cord 24 in the grooves 22,38 for guiding the two pulleys 12,14, and a closed position (fig. 7) in which the two flanges 18,20 are arranged opposite one another, preventing any escape of the rope 24 out of the interval 16. The first base flange 18 advantageously comprises a square edge 50 oriented in the direction of the second flange 20.

A l'opposé du rebord 50, le premier flasque 18 est doté d'une lumière 52 oblongue de section décroissante vers le bas. Le deuxième flasque 20 comporte également une lumière 54 de même profil, susceptible de venir en alignement en position fermée avec la lumière 52 conjuguée, pour autoriser le passage d'un mousqueton d'attache, relié au baudrier d'encordement de l'utilisateur. Un cliquet articulé est associé à la lumière 52 du deuxième flasque 20 pour faciliter l'introduction du mousqueton.Opposite the rim 50, the first flange 18 is provided with an oblong opening 52 of decreasing section downwards. The second flange 20 also comprises a light 54 of the same profile, capable of coming into alignment in the closed position with the light 52 combined, to allow the passage of a fastening carabiner, connected to the user's harness harness. An articulated pawl is associated with the light 52 of the second flange 20 to facilitate the introduction of the carabiner.

Le fonctionnement du descendeur 10 autobloquant est le suivant :The functioning of the self-locking descender 10 is as follows:

Après basculement du deuxième flasque 20 vers la position écartée (fig.1), l'utilisateur enroule la corde 24 autour de la gorge 38 de la deuxième poulie 14, suivi du passage dans l'espace intermédiaire délimité par l'arête 46 et la première surface de freinage 26. La corde 24 passe ensuite dans la gorge 22 de la première poulie 12, puis dans l'espace 48 adjacent entre le taquet de coincement 36 et l'arête 46. La refermeture du deuxième flasque 20 emprisonne la corde 24 dans l'intervalle 16, et tout écartement accidentel des flasques 12,14 est exclu par la présence du mousqueton dans les lumières 52,54. La section décroissante des lumières 52,54 permet un positionnement et un centrage corrects du mousqueton indépendamment de sa dimension.After tilting of the second flange 20 towards the separated position (fig. 1), the user wraps the cord 24 around the groove 38 of the second pulley 14, followed by passage through the intermediate space delimited by the edge 46 and the first braking surface 26. The rope 24 then passes through the groove 22 of the first pulley 12, then into the space 48 adjacent between the wedging cleat 36 and the edge 46. The reclosing of the second flange 20 traps the rope 24 in the interval 16, and any accidental separation of the flanges 12,14 is excluded by the presence of the carabiner in the slots 52,54. The decreasing section of the lights 52, 54 allows correct positioning and centering of the carabiner regardless of its size.

La figure 2 montre le descendeur 10 en position débloquée, correspondant à la position intermédiaire de la poignée de commande 34, autorisant le mouvement de descente de l'utilisateur le long de la corde 24 verticale. La vitesse de descente est contrôlée par la friction de la corde 24 dans les deux gorges 22,38 des poulies 12,14. La venue de la poignée 34 dans la position intermédiaire résulte d'une action volontaire exercée manuellement par l'utilisateur dans le sens de la flèche F1. Il en résulte un pivotement prédéterminé du support 32 autour de l'axe 30 et dans le sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre, de manière à neutraliser la réaction du bossage 40 et du taquet de coincement 36 sur la corde 24.Figure 2 shows the descender 10 in the unlocked position, corresponding to the intermediate position of the control handle 34, allowing the user to descend the movement along the vertical rope 24. The speed of descent is controlled by the friction of the rope 24 in the two grooves 22,38 of the pulleys 12,14. The coming of the handle 34 in the intermediate position results from a voluntary action exerted manually by the user in the direction of arrow F1. This results in a predetermined pivoting of the support 32 around the axis 30 and anti-clockwise, so as to neutralize the reaction of the boss 40 and the jamming cleat 36 on the rope 24.

En cas de relâchement de la poignée de commande 34, notamment à la suite d'une chute non contrôlée, les forces de friction engendrent une tension sur la corde 24 (voir flèche F2, fig.3) qui sollicite le support 32 mobile dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre. Le bossage 40 de la deuxième poulie 14 coince la corde 24 contre la première surface de freinage 26 de la première poulie 12, et bloque automatiquement le mouvement de descente. L'utilisateur reste alors suspendu en toute sécurité à la corde 24, et la poignée de commande 34 occupe une première position relevée de blocage. Dans cette position, le couple de serrage de la corde est optimum, grâce à l'excentricité de la deuxième poulie 14. Le taquet de coincement 36 est inactif, en étant écarté au maximum de la deuxième surface de freinage 28.In the event of release of the control handle 34, in particular following an uncontrolled fall, the friction forces generate a tension on the rope 24 (see arrow F2, fig. 3) which urges the support 32 movable in the clockwise. The boss 40 of the second pulley 14 wedges the rope 24 against the first braking surface 26 of the first pulley 12, and automatically blocks the downward movement. The user then remains safely suspended from the rope 24, and the control handle 34 occupies a first raised blocking position. In this position, the tightening torque of the rope is optimum, thanks to the eccentricity of the second pulley 14. The wedging cleat 36 is inactive, being separated as far as possible from the second braking surface 28.

A partir de cette première position de blocage, le déblocage s'opère normalement par abaissement manuel de la poignée 34 selon la flèche F1, vers la position intermédiaire de la figure 2.From this first locking position, the unlocking normally takes place by manual lowering of the handle 34 according to arrow F1, towards the intermediate position in FIG. 2.

Cette action de déblocage est facilitée par le positionnement en saillie du levier de commande 34, lequel s'étend sensiblement à angle droit par rapport au flasque de base 18.This unlocking action is facilitated by the projecting positioning of the control lever 34, which extends substantially at right angles to the base flange 18.

Un déplacement poursuivi au-delà de la position intermédiaire, amène le support 32 et la poignée de commande 34 vers une deuxième position abaissée de blocage (figure 4), dans laquelle le taquet de coincement 36 presse la corde 24 contre la deuxième surface de freinage 28 de la première poulie 12. La deuxième poulie 14 n'exerce aucun effet de blocage sur la corde 24, étant donné que l'arête 46 est sensiblement parallèle à la première surface de freinage 26. Le déblocage de la corde 24 se produit automatiquement par relèvement de la poignée de commande 34 vers la position intermédiaire.Continued movement beyond the intermediate position, brings the support 32 and the control handle 34 to a second lowered locking position (FIG. 4), in which the wedging cleat 36 presses the rope 24 against the second braking surface 28 of the first pulley 12. The second pulley 14 has no locking effect on the rope 24, since the edge 46 is substantially parallel to the first braking surface 26. The unlocking of the rope 24 occurs automatically by raising the control handle 34 to the intermediate position.

La figure 5 montre l'état du descendeur 10 hors service, notamment lors du transport. La forme et l'excentricité de la deuxième poulie 14 autorisent en l'absence de corde 24, un libre pivotement du levier de commande 34 au-delà de la première position, sans que le bossage 40 ne touche la première surface de freinage 26. La poignée 34 est alors sensiblement parallèle aux flasques 18,20, et ne se trouve plus en saillie. Le transport du descendeur 10 s'effectue alors sans gêne pour l'utilisateur.FIG. 5 shows the state of the descender 10 out of service, in particular during transport. The shape and the eccentricity of the second pulley 14 allow, in the absence of a rope 24, free pivoting of the control lever 34 beyond the first position, without the boss 40 touching the first braking surface 26. The handle 34 is then substantially parallel to the flanges 18, 20, and is no longer projecting. The transport of the descender 10 is then carried out without discomfort for the user.

Selon une variante, l'orifice 42 de la deuxième poulie 14 est agencé coaxialement sur le centre fictif 44.According to a variant, the orifice 42 of the second pulley 14 is arranged coaxially on the imaginary center 44.

L'invention s'étend également à un descendeur pour corde double de rappel, dans lequel chaque poulie 12,14 comporte deux gorges juxtaposées de guidage de la corde 24.The invention also extends to a descender for double return rope, in which each pulley 12, 14 has two juxtaposed grooves for guiding the rope 24.

Claims (10)

  1. A self-jamming descender with two jamming positions for a user to descend along a rope 24, and comprising :
    - a first base flange 18, equipped with a first fixed pulley 12 offset with respect to an articulation spindle 30, perpendicular to the first flange 18,
    - a second pulley 14 securedly united to a mobile support plate 32, pivotally mounted around the spindle 30 in a parallel plane to the base flange 18,
    - an operating handle 34 secured to the support plate 32 and second pulley 14 assembly to form a jamming device with two jamming positions of the rope 24, which is wound in an S in guide grooves 22, 38 of the two pulleys 12, 14, unjamming taking place in an intermediate position of the operating lever 34,
    - a second flange 20 parallel to the first base flange 18 with the two pulleys 12, 14 being interposed in a transverse gap 16, said second flange 20 being retractable to allow the rope 24 to be wound on the pulleys 12, 14,
    - attachment means of the two flanges 18, 20 to a harness,
    - and a first braking surface 26 arranged on the first fixed pulley 12 against which the rope is pressed by a boss 40 of the second pulley 14 in a first jamming position of the operating lever 34, characterized in that the pivoting support plate 32 comprises opposite from the operating lever 34, a jamming cleat 36, separated from the second pulley 14 by a space 48 for the rope 24 to pass, and that the first pulley 12 is provided with a second braking surface 28, against which the rope is pressed by the jamming cleat 36 when the operating handle 34 is moved to a second jamming position.
  2. The self-jamming descender according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second braking surfaces 26, 28 of the first fixed pulley 12 are appreciably straight forming an obtuse angle with one another, and that the operating lever 34 is in protrusion in the intermediate position, appreciably at right angles with respect to the base flange 18.
  3. The self-jamming descender according to claim 1, characterized in that the articulation spindle 30 of the mobile support plate 32 is eccentric with respect to the fictitious center 44 of the second pulley 14, so as to increase the jamming torque of the rope when the operating lever 34 is urged to the first jamming position.
  4. The descender according to claim 3, characterized in that the second pulley 14 is provided with a circular orifice 42, in which the articulation spindle 30 is engaged when the support plate 32 is mounted, the orifice 42 being located between said fictitious center 44 and an edge 46 arranged opposite from the groove 38.
  5. The descender according to claim 4, characterized in that the edge 46 of the second pulley 14 extends appreciably parallel to the first braking surface 26 of the first pulley 12 when movement of the operating handle 34 takes place between the intermediate position and the second jamming position.
  6. The descender according to claim 1, characterized in that the second pulley 14 is mounted coaxially on the spindle 30 of the first base flange 18.
  7. The descender according to claim 1, characterized in that the space 48 for the support plate 32 to pass between the second pulley 14 and the jamming cleat 36 has passing through it two adjacent strands of a loop of the rope 24, which is wound on the first pulley 12.
  8. The descender according to claim 7, characterized in that the second flange 20 is mounted with scissor swivelling on the articulation spindle 30 of the descender 10 between a separated position and a closed position.
  9. The descender according to claim 8, characterized in that the first base flange 18 is provided with a bracket-shaped edge 50 facing the second flange 20 when the latter is in the closed position.
  10. The descender according to claim 1, the attachment means of the descender comprising an oblong opening 54, 52, at the end of each flange 18, 20 on the second pulley 14 side, for a karabiner to be fitted, characterized in that each opening 52, 54 presents a decreasing cross-section enabling the karabiner to be positioned and centered correctly, whatever the shape of the latter.
EP90904864A 1989-03-16 1990-03-13 Self-locking descending device for rope with two locking positions Expired - Lifetime EP0416079B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8900946 1989-03-16
FR8903582A FR2644428B1 (en) 1989-03-16 1989-03-16 SELF-LOCKING DESCENDER FOR ROPE WITH TWO LOCKING POSITIONS

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0416079A1 EP0416079A1 (en) 1991-03-13
EP0416079B1 true EP0416079B1 (en) 1993-05-12

Family

ID=9379844

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90904864A Expired - Lifetime EP0416079B1 (en) 1989-03-16 1990-03-13 Self-locking descending device for rope with two locking positions

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5054577A (en)
EP (1) EP0416079B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH03505689A (en)
AU (1) AU622996B2 (en)
DE (1) DE69001596T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2042291T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2644428B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1990010476A1 (en)

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ITMI20110131U1 (en) * 2011-04-18 2012-10-19 Kong Spa ANTIPANIC DISCENSOR WITH POSSIBILITY OF ASCENT
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US8733504B2 (en) * 2012-01-17 2014-05-27 Kirk Mauthner Method and apparatus for a compact descender
FR3000898B1 (en) * 2013-01-16 2015-06-26 Zedel SAFETY APPARATUS ON ROPE HAVING A INDICATING INDICATOR INDICATOR STATE INDICATOR FOR CLOSING FLASKS
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0416079A1 (en) 1991-03-13
FR2644428A1 (en) 1990-09-21
ES2042291T3 (en) 1993-12-01
US5054577A (en) 1991-10-08
DE69001596D1 (en) 1993-06-17
WO1990010476A1 (en) 1990-09-20
FR2644428B1 (en) 1992-05-29
AU622996B2 (en) 1992-04-30
JPH03505689A (en) 1991-12-12
DE69001596T2 (en) 1994-01-13
AU5288990A (en) 1990-10-09

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