EP0414613A2 - Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Absorbierelements für elektromagnetische Wellen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Absorbierelements für elektromagnetische Wellen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0414613A2 EP0414613A2 EP90402343A EP90402343A EP0414613A2 EP 0414613 A2 EP0414613 A2 EP 0414613A2 EP 90402343 A EP90402343 A EP 90402343A EP 90402343 A EP90402343 A EP 90402343A EP 0414613 A2 EP0414613 A2 EP 0414613A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- surface element
- manufacturing
- coated
- layers
- cut
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
- H01Q17/005—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems using woven or wound filaments; impregnated nets or clothes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B2001/7683—Fibrous blankets or panels characterised by the orientation of the fibres
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/92—Fire or heat protection feature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
- Y10T156/1052—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with cutting, punching, tearing or severing
- Y10T156/1059—Splitting sheet lamina in plane intermediate of faces
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
- Y10T156/1052—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with cutting, punching, tearing or severing
- Y10T156/1062—Prior to assembly
- Y10T156/1075—Prior to assembly of plural laminae from single stock and assembling to each other or to additional lamina
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a surface element for the absorption of electromagnetic waves.
- Surface elements absorbing electromagnetic waves, in particular radar waves, are known. These surface elements are produced by alternately depositing in a form or cassette sections of plates of mineral wool and sections of plates of material with electrical conductivity. They can be used as radar absorbers, for example for building facades. The manufacturing process for such surface elements is however complicated and must be carried out essentially by manual.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing flat materials absorbing electromagnetic waves, in particular radar waves, enabling such materials to be made available on an industrial scale.
- an element of surface for absorbing radar waves consisting of layers of mineral wool between which are arranged intermediate layers of an electrically conductive material, according to which strips or plates of mineral wool are stacked, the fibers of which are oriented essentially parallel to large surfaces, by inserting strips or plates of an electrically conductive material, the stack thus formed is cut up by vertical cutting with respect to the orientation of the fibers so as to form slices whose cutting faces become the large surfaces of the surface element and a support strip is applied which maintains the layers at least on one face of each of the surface elements.
- the stacking of strips or plates of mineral wool whose fibers are arranged essentially parallel to the surfaces of said strips or plates has the advantage of allowing the implementation of flat elements of mineral wool prefabricated in the factory on an industrial scale. In addition, these can have a considerable length which makes it possible to produce a very large number of slices from each stack. Finally the length of the slices can be defined at will by varying the height of the stack.
- the cutting step is preferably carried out using a wavy sharpening knife, with double toothing in reciprocating motion, cutting slices preferably during each vertical round trip.
- Coating with a support strip has the double advantage of also being able to be carried out automatically and of imparting high mechanical resistance to the surface element.
- Such a long surface element will for example be delivered in the form of a roll and cut to the desired length during installation.
- the ratio does not necessarily have to be 1 to 1, but it can be 1 to 2, 1 to 3, 1 to 4, etc., in order to absorb a wider band of electromagnetic waves. , including radar waves.
- the two faces of the surface element are advantageously coated. This gives a very high mechanical strength lamellar plate which can for example be used for covering flat surfaces because their solidity makes them practicable for a short time.
- such an element coated on its two faces can be split parallel to the coating in order to obtain two surface elements coated on one side. This further reduces manufacturing costs and is particularly suitable for the production of relatively thin elements.
- the support strip is preferably an optionally reinforced metal sheet, in particular an aluminum sheet.
- a metal strip provides good mechanical resistance and also has an internal radar reader ref effect on the face of the surface element where the waves arrive after having passed through the different layers.
- the front face of the surface element that is to say the wave penetration face is advantageously provided with a coating, of course, non-conductive, for example of the non-woven fibrous web type, in particular a fiber web. of glass, inert with respect to radiation but giving high mechanical resistance to the whole of the surface element, in particular good resistance to bending.
- a coating of course, non-conductive, for example of the non-woven fibrous web type, in particular a fiber web. of glass, inert with respect to radiation but giving high mechanical resistance to the whole of the surface element, in particular good resistance to bending.
- porous surface of the nonwoven veil allows sound waves to penetrate, which are absorbed by the layers of mineral wool, so that the surface element is soundproofing - in addition to its thermal insulation power.
- a surface element has been shown at 1 in the form of a strip, the support strip 2 of which is made of reinforced aluminum foil has a thickness of 30 ⁇ m and supports wide layers 3 of mineral wool, in the case shown here in glass wool, arranged in parallel. These layers of mineral wool are associated with narrower layers 4, made of a glass fiber nonwoven impregnated with graphite.
- the fibers 5 of the layers 3 are essentially perpendicular to the support strip 2.
- the alternating layers 3 and 4 are in a defined ratio and compose an insulation layer 6 fixed by gluing to the support strip 2 made of a sheet of aluminum mesh.
- the surface element 1 thus has the form of a so-called lamellar mat.
- the differences between two narrow layers 4 are chosen relative to the length of the electromagnetic waves to be absorbed, in particular radar waves, so as to obtain a resonance absorption. Furthermore, the thickness of the insulation layer can also be adapted to the length of the waves to be absorbed. A so-called narrow band absorber is then obtained.
- German patent P 38 05 269.5 As regards other possibilities of implementation and the problem of the compressive strength of such a surface element 1, reference is made to German patent P 38 05 269.5.
- FIG. 2 Another example of embodiment is proposed in FIG. 2 where the elements similar to those of FIG. 1 are noted with marks increased by 200.
- the surface element 201 is produced in the form of lamellar plates by virtue of the second coating 208.
- the support strip 202 is an aluminum sheet
- the strips 203 of glass wool are fixed there by gluing. and are separated by narrow strips 204 into a metallic foil or for example into a nonwoven with the addition of graphite or even into a carbon nonwoven.
- the surface 207 of the surface element 201 is coated with an additional strip 208 of a material without electrical conductivity in the present case a nonwoven veil made of fibers glass with a grammage of about 170-180 g / cm2.
- Such a veil can be penetrated by electromagnetic waves, in particular radar waves, in such a way that the latter are absorbed according to the mechanism described in the embodiment of FIG. 1.
- no radar radiation disturbing aviation safety leaves the surface element 201.
- This coating 208 improves the mechanical resistance, in particular the flexural strength of the surface element 201. In addition, it protects the material of the layers 203 and 204 from fouling and deterioration.
- the surface elements 1 and 201 are used in particular for the coating of buildings reflecting radar waves and which can therefore disturb air traffic control. In addition to absorbing radar waves, the surface element also provides thermal and sound insulation to the building.
- the surface element 1 also has the advantage of being suitable for insulating curved surfaces. Furthermore, the main orientation of the fibers perpendicular to the support strip 2, 202 leads to products 1, 201 having a high compressive strength.
- the implementation of the surface element according to the invention goes beyond its use as a radar absorber.
- Such surface elements 1 or 201 produced according to the invention can also be used for thermal insulation and absorption of the rays in microwave appliances of all kinds.
- an insulator When used as a radar absorber in the narrow and / or wide band spectrum, an insulator is typically used with an apparent density of 25 to 70 kg / m3.
- FIG. 3 shows a particularly economical way of manufacturing a surface element 301.
- the elements having the same effect have the same reference as in FIG. 1 but increased by 300.
- a semi-finished product 310 is produced in a first step.
- This semi-finished product 310 has an insulation layer 306 with a thickness of 2 d.
- the lamellar strips composed of the elements 303 and 304 are then added to the lower and upper support strips 302 and 302a and fixed by gluing.
- the semi-finished product 301 is then split in the middle using a wavy sharpening knife with simple teeth 311, thus creating two surface elements 301 in the form of a lamellar strip.
- These elements 301 if necessary, are wound on a winding device, for example a winding core or have their surfaces 307 provided with an additional support strip.
Landscapes
- Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Multi-Layer Textile Fabrics (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3928018 | 1989-08-24 | ||
DE3928018A DE3928018A1 (de) | 1989-08-24 | 1989-08-24 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines flaechenelementes zur absorption von elektromagnetischen wellen |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0414613A2 true EP0414613A2 (de) | 1991-02-27 |
EP0414613A3 EP0414613A3 (en) | 1991-10-23 |
EP0414613B1 EP0414613B1 (de) | 1995-03-22 |
Family
ID=6387808
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90402343A Expired - Lifetime EP0414613B1 (de) | 1989-08-24 | 1990-08-23 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Absorbierelements für elektromagnetische Wellen |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5230763A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0414613B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH03130472A (de) |
AT (1) | AT395127B (de) |
DD (1) | DD297114A5 (de) |
DE (1) | DE3928018A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0414613T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2071057T3 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1679945A1 (de) * | 2005-01-07 | 2006-07-12 | Johns Manville Europe GmbH | Verwendung von Schichtmaterialien zur Abschirmung von elektromagnetischen Wellen |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH04354103A (ja) * | 1991-05-31 | 1992-12-08 | Yoshiyuki Naito | 広帯域電波吸収装置 |
DK42794A (da) * | 1994-04-13 | 1995-10-14 | Rockwool Int | Pladeformet isoleringselement |
US5736955A (en) * | 1996-04-10 | 1998-04-07 | Roif; Henry I. | Aircraft landing/taxiing system using lack of reflected radar signals to determine landing/taxiing area |
DE19707585A1 (de) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-09-03 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Gehäuse mit radarabsorbierenden Eigenschaften |
DE19747622A1 (de) * | 1997-10-28 | 1999-04-29 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann | Dämmplatten mit einer Abschirmung gegen elektromagnetische Felder |
JP3983404B2 (ja) * | 1999-01-13 | 2007-09-26 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | レーダ搭載車両用ゲート |
US20110020110A1 (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2011-01-27 | Flodesign Wind Turbine Corporation | Wind turbine with reduced radar signature |
CA2739099A1 (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2010-04-15 | Flodesign Wind Turbine Corporation | Wind turbine with reduced radar signature |
GB2480064A (en) * | 2010-05-04 | 2011-11-09 | Vestas Wind Sys As | RAM panel arrangements for a wind turbine tower |
DK3824147T3 (da) * | 2018-07-18 | 2022-06-13 | Rockwool As | Indvendigt isoleringssystem med fugtighedsregulering |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1074899A (en) * | 1957-12-13 | 1967-07-05 | Eltro Ges Mit Bescankter Haftu | Improvements in radar camouflage layers |
GB1397299A (en) * | 1971-10-05 | 1975-06-11 | Rockwool As | Insulating boards |
EP0000378B1 (de) * | 1977-07-09 | 1980-10-01 | Saint-Gobain Industries | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von bahn-, platten- oder mattenartigen Mineralfaserkörpern mit wenigstens annähernd senkrecht zu den grossen Oberflächen ausgerichteten Fasern |
Family Cites Families (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD93408A (de) * | ||||
US2036467A (en) * | 1931-07-31 | 1936-04-07 | Insulite Co | Sound absorptive and fireproof body |
BE540736A (de) * | 1953-03-28 | |||
DE977522C (de) * | 1957-01-15 | 1966-11-03 | Eltro G M B H & Co Ges Fuer St | Verpackungsmaterial in Form von Behaeltern mit Interferenzabsorption fuer elektromagnetische Wellen |
NL242147A (de) * | 1959-07-03 | |||
DE1406050A1 (de) * | 1959-07-03 | 1968-10-10 | Eltro Gmbh | Radar- und beschusssicheres Baumaterial |
NL266525A (de) * | 1960-06-30 | 1900-01-01 | ||
US3230995A (en) * | 1960-12-29 | 1966-01-25 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Structural panel and method for producing same |
US3179317A (en) * | 1962-05-25 | 1965-04-20 | Allied Chem | Method and apparatus for splitting plastic foam |
US3493452A (en) * | 1965-05-17 | 1970-02-03 | Du Pont | Apparatus and continuous process for producing fibrous sheet structures |
US3345241A (en) * | 1965-12-13 | 1967-10-03 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Structural panel and method for producing same |
US3549449A (en) * | 1967-09-29 | 1970-12-22 | Dow Chemical Co | Method for the preparation of a composite plastic - containing product and article produced thereby |
JPS4837852B1 (de) * | 1969-03-22 | 1973-11-14 | ||
US4025670A (en) * | 1972-09-14 | 1977-05-24 | English Clays Lovering Pochin & Company Limited | Continuous process for lining pipes |
US4025680A (en) * | 1976-03-05 | 1977-05-24 | Johns-Manville Corporation | Curvable fibrous thermal insulation |
US4327364A (en) * | 1978-12-22 | 1982-04-27 | Rockwell International Corporation | Apparatus for converting incident microwave energy to thermal energy |
JPS57183375A (en) * | 1981-04-30 | 1982-11-11 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Manufacture of asbestos board |
US4381510A (en) * | 1981-08-18 | 1983-04-26 | The Boeing Co. | Microwave absorber |
DE3307066A1 (de) * | 1983-03-01 | 1984-09-13 | Dornier Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen | Mehrschichtiger faserverbundwerkstoff |
US4514247A (en) * | 1983-08-15 | 1985-04-30 | North American Philips Corporation | Method for fabricating composite transducers |
CH664185A5 (en) * | 1983-10-12 | 1988-02-15 | Naegeli Geb | Block board production method - by sawing through middle after gluing lengthwise and transverse panels either side of board |
DE3626244C3 (de) * | 1986-08-02 | 1995-06-29 | Rockwool Mineralwolle | Vorrichtung zum Fördern und Wenden von Gütern in Form von Lamellen |
GB8629566D0 (en) * | 1986-12-10 | 1987-09-09 | Lantor Uk Ltd | Composite material |
DK156965C (da) * | 1987-03-25 | 1990-03-19 | Rockwool Int | Udvendig, vandafvisende bygningsbeklaedning. |
DE3805269A1 (de) * | 1988-02-19 | 1989-08-31 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann | Daemmatte fuer koerper mit wenigstens bereichsweise gekruemmter oberflaeche, insbesondere fuer rohre, sowie ihre verwendung |
US5085931A (en) * | 1989-01-26 | 1992-02-04 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Microwave absorber employing acicular magnetic metallic filaments |
DE8915902U1 (de) * | 1989-06-06 | 1992-02-13 | Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8012 Ottobrunn | Fassadenaufbau von Hochbauten |
-
1989
- 1989-08-24 DE DE3928018A patent/DE3928018A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1990
- 1990-07-17 AT AT0151490A patent/AT395127B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-08-23 EP EP90402343A patent/EP0414613B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-08-23 DK DK90402343.9T patent/DK0414613T3/da active
- 1990-08-23 ES ES90402343T patent/ES2071057T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-08-23 DD DD90343590A patent/DD297114A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-08-24 US US07/571,867 patent/US5230763A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-08-24 JP JP2221426A patent/JPH03130472A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1074899A (en) * | 1957-12-13 | 1967-07-05 | Eltro Ges Mit Bescankter Haftu | Improvements in radar camouflage layers |
GB1397299A (en) * | 1971-10-05 | 1975-06-11 | Rockwool As | Insulating boards |
EP0000378B1 (de) * | 1977-07-09 | 1980-10-01 | Saint-Gobain Industries | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von bahn-, platten- oder mattenartigen Mineralfaserkörpern mit wenigstens annähernd senkrecht zu den grossen Oberflächen ausgerichteten Fasern |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1679945A1 (de) * | 2005-01-07 | 2006-07-12 | Johns Manville Europe GmbH | Verwendung von Schichtmaterialien zur Abschirmung von elektromagnetischen Wellen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5230763A (en) | 1993-07-27 |
EP0414613B1 (de) | 1995-03-22 |
EP0414613A3 (en) | 1991-10-23 |
ATA151490A (de) | 1992-02-15 |
DD297114A5 (de) | 1992-01-02 |
DK0414613T3 (da) | 1995-07-24 |
AT395127B (de) | 1992-09-25 |
ES2071057T3 (es) | 1995-06-16 |
DE3928018A1 (de) | 1991-02-28 |
JPH03130472A (ja) | 1991-06-04 |
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