EP0383963B1 - X-ray diagnostic apparatus - Google Patents

X-ray diagnostic apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0383963B1
EP0383963B1 EP89102904A EP89102904A EP0383963B1 EP 0383963 B1 EP0383963 B1 EP 0383963B1 EP 89102904 A EP89102904 A EP 89102904A EP 89102904 A EP89102904 A EP 89102904A EP 0383963 B1 EP0383963 B1 EP 0383963B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
detector
ray image
ray
image intensifier
imaging scale
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89102904A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0383963A1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Kütterer
Udo Dipl. Ing. Heinze (FH)
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP89102904A priority Critical patent/EP0383963B1/en
Priority to DE89102904T priority patent/DE58905549D1/en
Priority to JP2039533A priority patent/JPH02246584A/en
Publication of EP0383963A1 publication Critical patent/EP0383963A1/en
Priority to US07/647,700 priority patent/US5155753A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0383963B1 publication Critical patent/EP0383963B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05GX-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08Electrical details
    • H05G1/64Circuit arrangements for X-ray apparatus incorporating image intensifiers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05GX-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08Electrical details
    • H05G1/26Measuring, controlling or protecting
    • H05G1/30Controlling
    • H05G1/36Temperature of anode; Brightness of image power

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an X-ray diagnostic device for generating X-ray images with an X-ray image intensifier and a detector for measuring the average image brightness in a dominant area of the output screen of the X-ray image intensifier.
  • Devices of this type are used for television-type image reproduction and for producing individual images and series of images, the detector serving to keep the average image brightness constant in the dominant region.
  • Such an X-ray diagnostic device is described in DE-A-31 27 648, in which, in the parallel beam path of the optics arranged between the output fluorescent screen of the X-ray image intensifier and the television camera, a part is masked out by a mirror which is fed to a detector with a selectable dominant range.
  • the selection can be made using a dominant disc upstream of a photomultiplier or a sheet-like element with a plurality of light-sensitive areas which can be controlled individually. There are limits to the size, shape, position and size of the dominant area through the dominant disc.
  • DE-A-35 26 687 describes an X-ray diagnostic device in which the image size of the X-ray image intensifier can be varied so that output images of different sizes appear on the exit fluorescent screen. This is linked to the control of the scanning surface of the target of the television camera, so that the entire output image of the X-ray image intensifier depicted on the target of the television camera is completely scanned. However, an independent change of the scanning area of the target of the television camera is not provided, so that an optional setting of a dominant area is not possible. A detector for detecting the image brightness in a dominant area is not provided.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating an X-ray diagnostic device of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the options for selecting the dominant area are increased.
  • the object is achieved in that means are available which are the optical imaging scale for the detector change with respect to the output image of the X-ray image intensifier. This ensures that several different sizes can be set in a simple manner for each selected position and shape of the dominant area.
  • the invention is also based on the object of providing an X-ray diagnostic device with a variable imaging scale, for example by electron-optical switching of the X-ray image intensifier by means of setting means, in which the measuring fields can remain the same when the X-ray image intensifier is switched electronically.
  • the means are coupled to the setting means in such a way that when the electron-optical imaging scale of the X-ray image intensifier is adjusted, the optical imaging scale for the detector is changed accordingly, so that the dominant range detected by the detector remains the same with respect to the X-ray image . This ensures that the position, shape and size of the dominant with respect to the examined object remains the same when switching the imaging scale.
  • a simple change in the imaging scale for the detector is obtained if the means have two optics upstream of the detector, the distance between which is changed accordingly when the imaging scale of the X-ray image intensifier is changed, and if an adjusting device is provided for the detector, which causes the detector to always be is in the focus of the optical arrangement.
  • a simple construction of the detector and an electronic switchover can be achieved if the detector consists of a matrix of light-sensitive areas, which can be connected to a measuring amplifier individually or in groups.
  • a representation of the orientation of the detector to the object and the determination of the imaging scale for adjustment and service purposes can be achieve if openings are provided in the detector with a defined position to the individual light-sensitive surfaces and if an illumination device is arranged behind the detector, through which the openings can be faded into the X-ray image to control the position of the dominant area.
  • the device can also be used advantageously in a detector consisting of a multiplier, which is preceded by an adjustable dominant disc for fading in the desired part of the x-ray image.
  • FIG. 1 shows an X-ray tube 1, which is operated by a high-voltage generator 2 and emits a beam of rays that passes through a patient 3 and throws a radiation image onto the fluorescent screen of an X-ray image intensifier 4.
  • the X-ray image intensifier 4 converts the radiation image into a visible image on the exit fluorescent screen.
  • An optics 5 is coupled to the x-ray image intensifier 4, which contains a base lens 6 and a camera lens 7. Through these lenses 6 and 7, the output image of the X-ray image intensifier 4 is imaged on a television camera 8.
  • the output signal of the television camera 8 is reproduced in a video amplifier 9 on a monitor 10.
  • a mirror 12 is arranged in the parallel beam path 11 between the base lens 6 and the camera lens 7, which deflects part of the parallel beams laterally out of the parallel beam path 11.
  • Another optical system 13 generates an image on a detector 14.
  • the detector 14 is connected to a measuring amplifier, not shown, arranged in a control device 15.
  • the control device 15 has an adjuster 16 for the setpoint value of the brightness and is connected to the high-voltage generator 2 for exposure control.
  • control device 15 has first setting means 17, by means of which the high voltages of the electrodes of the X-ray image intensifier 4 can be adjusted, so that the electron optics can be switched over and different imaging scales can be used let set.
  • second adjustment means 18 are provided on the control device 15, which are connected to an adjustment device 19, which causes a change in the imaging scale of the optics 13 and the detector 14.
  • the adjusting device 19 can consist, for example, of motor-driven cam disks which act on the detector 14 and the optics 13.
  • the mirror 12 which can also be formed by a prism, is arranged in the parallel beam path 11.
  • a first lens 20 of the optics 13 is arranged in front of the mirror surface.
  • a second lens 21 is arranged at a distance behind the mirror 12 in front of the detector 14, which is located at the focal point of the optical arrangement, formed from the two lenses 20 and 21.
  • This arrangement shown in FIG 2 corresponds to the smallest optical imaging scale.
  • the X-ray image intensifier is set by the first setting means 17 in such a way that the total input surface of the X-ray image intensifier is completely imaged on the output fluorescent screen of the X-ray image intensifier 4.
  • the optics 13 is set so that the output image of the X-ray image intensifier 4 is imaged on the detector 14.
  • FIG. 3 shows an arrangement with a larger optical imaging scale.
  • the second lens 21 and the detector 14 were adjusted by the adjusting device 19 such that the exit fluorescent screen is now only imaged on part of the detector 14. Since this is normally coupled with the adjustment of the imaging scale of the X-ray image intensifier 4, this means that a smaller part of the input fluorescent screen of the X-ray image intensifier 4 is imaged on the entire output fluorescent screen of the X-ray image intensifier 4, so that the objects on the exit fluorescent screen of the X-ray image intensifier 4 appear enlarged.
  • Such a detector 14 is shown in FIG.
  • a plurality of photosensitive surfaces 23 are arranged in a matrix on a disk 22. These light-sensitive surfaces 23 are connected to the control device 15 and can be connected to the measuring amplifier individually or in groups in order to select the dominant.
  • bores 24 can be provided in the disk 22, through which the images of the bores 24 via the mirror 12 and the base lens 6 on the output fluorescent screen of the x-ray image intensifier are arranged by means of a lighting device (not shown) arranged behind the detector 14 4 can be imaged so that they can be captured by the camera 8 and displayed on the monitor 10. An assignment of the position of the individual areas can thereby be determined.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further possibility for a detector 14 which, in a manner known per se, consists of a dominant disk 25 which is arranged upstream of a detector 26, for example a photomultiplier.
  • a detector 14 which, in a manner known per se, consists of a dominant disk 25 which is arranged upstream of a detector 26, for example a photomultiplier.
  • An x-ray diagnostic device is thus obtained by changing the imaging scale by means of the first setting means 17 the imaging scale of the X-ray image intensifier 4 is changed together with the imaging scale for the detector 14, so that a dominant once selected by second setting means 18 remains assigned to the same object in the same size. Furthermore, by adjusting the second setting means 18, the size and position of the dominant can be changed continuously, so that given the dimensions of the light-sensitive surfaces 23 of the detector 14 or the opening in the dominant disk 25, several settings result for each possibility.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
  • Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Röntgendiagnostikeinrichtung zur Erzeugung von Röntgenbildern mit einem Röntgenbildverstärker sowie einem Detektor zur Messung der mittleren Bildhelligkeit in einem Dominantenbereich des Ausgangsschirmes des Röntgenbildverstärkers. Derartige Einrichtungen dienen zur fernsehmäßigen Bildwiedergabe sowie zur Anfertigung von Einzelbildern und Bildserien, wobei der Detektor dazu dient, die mittlere Bildhelligkeit in dem Dominantenbereich konstant zu halten.The invention relates to an X-ray diagnostic device for generating X-ray images with an X-ray image intensifier and a detector for measuring the average image brightness in a dominant area of the output screen of the X-ray image intensifier. Devices of this type are used for television-type image reproduction and for producing individual images and series of images, the detector serving to keep the average image brightness constant in the dominant region.

In der DE-A-31 27 648 ist eine derartige Röntgendiagnostikeinrichtung beschrieben, bei der im parallelen Strahlengang der zwischen Ausgangsleuchtschirm des Röntgenbildverstärkers und Fernsehkamera angeordneten Optik ein Teil durch einen Spiegel ausgeblendet wird, der einem Detektor mit wählbarem Dominantenbereich zugeführt wird. Die Auswahl kann dabei durch eine einem Photomultiplier vorgeschaltete Dominantenscheibe oder einem flächenförmigen Element mit mehreren lichtempfindlichen Flächen, die einzeln aussteuerbar sind, erfolgen. Der Einstellung von Form, Lage und Größe des Dominantenbereiches durch die Dominantenscheibe sind aber durch deren Größe Grenzen gesetzt.Such an X-ray diagnostic device is described in DE-A-31 27 648, in which, in the parallel beam path of the optics arranged between the output fluorescent screen of the X-ray image intensifier and the television camera, a part is masked out by a mirror which is fed to a detector with a selectable dominant range. The selection can be made using a dominant disc upstream of a photomultiplier or a sheet-like element with a plurality of light-sensitive areas which can be controlled individually. There are limits to the size, shape, position and size of the dominant area through the dominant disc.

Bei derartigen Röntgenbildverstärkern ist es allgemein üblich, je nach Größe des zu betrachtenden Objektes und einer gewünschten Vergrößerung den Röntgenbildverstärker in seinem Format umzuschalten, so daß gleiche Flächen auf dem Eingangsleuchtschirm eine unterschiedliche Fläche auf dem Ausgangsleuchtschirm beleuchten. Dadurch läßt sich eine Vergrößerung des zu untersuchenden Objektes auf einfache Weise erreichen. Als nachteilig erweist sich hier aber, daß durch die Umschaltung des Röntgenbildverstärkers sich der Dominantenbereich verändert. Dies kann dadurch verhindert werden, daß für jede Einstellung des Röntgenbildverstärkers eine entsprechende Öffnung in der Dominantenscheibe vorgesehen ist, die dann verstellt wird. Das bedeutet aber, daß für jede gewünschte Form und Lage der Dominante mehrere dem Abbildungsmaßstab des Röntgenbildverstärkers entsprechende Öffnungen vorgesehen sein müssen, so daß die Dominantenscheibe sich in unerwünschter Weise vergrößert und unhandlich wird. Bei Verwendung von Detektorelementen mit mehreren lichtempfindlichen Flächen könnte zwar die Beschaltung dieser Flächen geändert werden, durch die Veränderung des Abbildungsmaßstabes des Röntgenbildverstärkers ändert sich aber in unerwünschter Weise die Auflösung in bezug auf das Objekt im Röntgenbild. Deshalb müßte das Detektorelement jedoch sehr fein unterteilt sein, um bei der Veränderung des Abildungsmaßstabes des Röntgenbildverstärkers eine optimale Anpassung der Meßflächen an das zu untersuchende Objekt erreichen zu können.With such X-ray image intensifiers, it is common practice, depending on the size of the object to be viewed and a desired magnification, to switch the format of the X-ray image intensifier so that the same areas on the input fluorescent screen illuminate a different area on the output fluorescent screen. This makes it easy to enlarge the object to be examined. However, it proves disadvantageous here that the dominant range changes as a result of the switchover of the X-ray image intensifier. This can thereby preventing a corresponding opening in the dominant disk from being provided for each setting of the X-ray image intensifier, which opening is then adjusted. However, this means that for each desired shape and position of the dominant, several openings corresponding to the imaging scale of the X-ray image intensifier must be provided, so that the dominant disk becomes undesirably enlarged and unwieldy. When using detector elements with several light-sensitive areas, the wiring of these areas could be changed, but by changing the imaging scale of the X-ray image intensifier, the resolution with respect to the object in the X-ray image changes in an undesirable manner. Therefore, the detector element would have to be very finely subdivided in order to be able to achieve an optimal adaptation of the measuring surfaces to the object to be examined when changing the imaging scale of the X-ray image intensifier.

In der DE-A-35 26 687 ist eine Röntgendiagnostikeinrichtung beschrieben, bei der die Abbildungsgröße des Röntgenbildverstärkers variiert werden kann, so daß auf dem Ausgangsleuchtschirm unterschiedlich große Ausgangsbilder erscheinen. Damit verknüpft ist die Steuerung der Abtastfläche des Targets der Fernsehkamera, so daß jeweils das gesamte, auf dem Target der Fernsehkamera abgebildete Ausgangsbild des Röntgenbildverstärkers vollständig abgetastet wird. Eine unabhängige Veränderung der Abtastfläche des Targets der Fernsehkamera ist jedoch nicht vorgesehen, so daß eine wahlweise Einstellung eines dominanten Bereiches nicht möglich ist. Ein Detektor zur Erfassung der Bildhelligkeit in einem dominanten Bereich ist nicht vorgesehen.DE-A-35 26 687 describes an X-ray diagnostic device in which the image size of the X-ray image intensifier can be varied so that output images of different sizes appear on the exit fluorescent screen. This is linked to the control of the scanning surface of the target of the television camera, so that the entire output image of the X-ray image intensifier depicted on the target of the television camera is completely scanned. However, an independent change of the scanning area of the target of the television camera is not provided, so that an optional setting of a dominant area is not possible. A detector for detecting the image brightness in a dominant area is not provided.

Die Erfindung geht von der Aufgabe aus, eine Röntgendiagnostikeinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, bei der die Möglichkeiten der Wahl des Dominantenbereiches sich erhöht.The invention is based on the object of creating an X-ray diagnostic device of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the options for selecting the dominant area are increased.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß Mittel vorhanden sind, die den optischen Abbildungsmaßstab für den Detektor in bezug auf das Ausgangsbild des Röntgenbildverstärkers verändern. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß sich bei jeder ausgewählten Lage und Form des Dominantenbereiches mehrere unterschiedliche Größen auf einfache Weise einstellen lassen.The object is achieved in that means are available which are the optical imaging scale for the detector change with respect to the output image of the X-ray image intensifier. This ensures that several different sizes can be set in a simple manner for each selected position and shape of the dominant area.

Die Erfindung geht weiterhin von der Aufgabe aus, eine Röntgendiagnostikeinrichtung mit veränderbarem Abbildungsmaßstab beispielsweise durch elektronenoptische Umschaltung des Röntgenbildverstärkers mittels Einstellmittel zu schaffen, bei der die Meßfelder bei elektronenoptischer Umschaltung des Röntgenbildverstärkers gleich bleiben können.The invention is also based on the object of providing an X-ray diagnostic device with a variable imaging scale, for example by electron-optical switching of the X-ray image intensifier by means of setting means, in which the measuring fields can remain the same when the X-ray image intensifier is switched electronically.

Auch diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Mittel mit den Einstellmitteln derart gekoppelt sind, daß bei Verstellung des elektronenoptischen Abbildungsmaßstabes des Röntgenbildverstärkers der optische Abbildungsmaßstab für den Detektor entsprechend geändert wird, so daß der von dem Detektor erfaßte Dominantenbereich in Bezug auf das Röntgenbild gleichbleibt. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß bei Umschaltung des Abbildungsmaßstabes die Lage, Form und Größe der Dominante in bezug auf das untersuchte Objekt gleichbleibt.This object is also achieved according to the invention in that the means are coupled to the setting means in such a way that when the electron-optical imaging scale of the X-ray image intensifier is adjusted, the optical imaging scale for the detector is changed accordingly, so that the dominant range detected by the detector remains the same with respect to the X-ray image . This ensures that the position, shape and size of the dominant with respect to the examined object remains the same when switching the imaging scale.

Eine einfache Veränderung des Abbildungsmaßstabes für den Detektor erhält man, wenn die Mittel zwei dem Detektor vorgeschaltete Optiken aufweisen, deren Abstand bei Veränderung des Abbildungsmaßstabes des Röntgenbildverstärkers entsprechend verändert wird, und wenn eine Einstellvorrichtung für den Detektor vorgesehen ist, die bewirkt, daß der Detektor immer im Brennpunkt der optischen Anordnung liegt. Einen einfachen Aufbau des Detektors sowie eine elektronische Umschaltung läßt sich erreichen, wenn der Detektor aus einer Matrix von lichtempfindlichen Flächen besteht, die jeweils einzeln oder in Gruppen einem Meßverstärker aufgeschaltet werden können. Eine Darstellung der Orientierung des Detektors zum Objekt sowie die Ermittlung des Abbildungsmaßstabes für Justage- und Servicezwecke läßt sich erreichen, wenn in dem Detektor Öffnungen mit definierter Lage zu den einzelnen lichtempfindlichen Flächen vorgesehen sind und wenn hinter dem Detektor eine Beleuchtungsvorrichtung angeordnet ist, durch die die Öffnungen sich zur Kontrolle der Lage des Dominantenbereiches in das Röntgenbild einblenden lassen. Die Vorrichtung läßt sich aber auch vorteilhaft bei einem aus einem Multiplier bestehenden Detektor anwenden, dem eine verstellbare Dominantenscheibe zur Einblendung des jeweiligen gewünschten Teiles des Röntgenbildes vorgeordnet ist.A simple change in the imaging scale for the detector is obtained if the means have two optics upstream of the detector, the distance between which is changed accordingly when the imaging scale of the X-ray image intensifier is changed, and if an adjusting device is provided for the detector, which causes the detector to always be is in the focus of the optical arrangement. A simple construction of the detector and an electronic switchover can be achieved if the detector consists of a matrix of light-sensitive areas, which can be connected to a measuring amplifier individually or in groups. A representation of the orientation of the detector to the object and the determination of the imaging scale for adjustment and service purposes can be achieve if openings are provided in the detector with a defined position to the individual light-sensitive surfaces and if an illumination device is arranged behind the detector, through which the openings can be faded into the X-ray image to control the position of the dominant area. However, the device can also be used advantageously in a detector consisting of a multiplier, which is preceded by an adjustable dominant disc for fading in the desired part of the x-ray image.

Die Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

FIG 1
ein Blockschaltbild einer erfindungsgemäßen Röntgendiagnostikeinrichtung,
FIG 2 und 3
Ausschnitte der in FIG 1 dargestellten Röntgendiagnostikeinrichtung mit einem Detektor mit lichtempfindlichen Flächen,
FIG 4
eine Draufsicht auf den Detektor gemäß FIG 2 und
FIG 5
eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung mit einem Photomultiplier.
The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it:
FIG. 1
2 shows a block diagram of an X-ray diagnostic device according to the invention,
2 and 3
Excerpts of the X-ray diagnostic device shown in FIG 1 with a detector with light-sensitive surfaces,
FIG 4
a plan view of the detector of FIG 2 and
FIG 5
an arrangement according to the invention with a photomultiplier.

In der FIG 1 ist eine Röntgenröhre 1 dargestellt, die von einem Hochspannungsgenerator 2 betrieben wird und ein Strahlenbündel aussendet, das einen Patienten 3 durchtritt und auf den Eingangsleuchtschirm eines Röntgenbildverstärkers 4 ein Strahlenbild wirft. Der Röntgenbildverstärker 4 setzt das Strahlenbild in ein sichtbares Bild auf dem Ausgangsleuchtschirm um. An dem Röntgenbildverstärker 4 ist eine Optik 5 gekoppelt, die ein Basisobjektiv 6 und ein Kameraobjektiv 7 enthält. Durch diese Objektive 6 und 7 wird das Ausgangsbild des Röntgenbildverstärkers 4 auf eine Fernsehkamera 8 abgebildet. Das Ausgangssignal der Fernsehkamera 8 wird in einem Videoverstärker 9 verstärkt auf einem Monitor 10 wiedergegeben.1 shows an X-ray tube 1, which is operated by a high-voltage generator 2 and emits a beam of rays that passes through a patient 3 and throws a radiation image onto the fluorescent screen of an X-ray image intensifier 4. The X-ray image intensifier 4 converts the radiation image into a visible image on the exit fluorescent screen. An optics 5 is coupled to the x-ray image intensifier 4, which contains a base lens 6 and a camera lens 7. Through these lenses 6 and 7, the output image of the X-ray image intensifier 4 is imaged on a television camera 8. The output signal of the television camera 8 is reproduced in a video amplifier 9 on a monitor 10.

In dem parallelen Strahlengang 11 zwischen dem Basisobjektiv 6 und dem Kameraobjektiv 7 ist ein Spiegel 12 angeordnet, der einen Teil der parallelen Strahlen seitlich aus dem parallelen Strahlengang 11 lenkt. Eine weitere Optik 13 erzeugt auf einem Detektor 14 ein Bild. Der Detektor 14 ist mit einem in einer Steuervorrichtung 15 angeordneten, nicht dargestellten Meßverstärker verbunden. Die Steuervorrichtung 15 weist einen Einsteller 16 für den Sollwert der Helligkeit auf und ist zur Belichtungssteuerung an dem Hochspannungsgenerator 2 angeschlossen.A mirror 12 is arranged in the parallel beam path 11 between the base lens 6 and the camera lens 7, which deflects part of the parallel beams laterally out of the parallel beam path 11. Another optical system 13 generates an image on a detector 14. The detector 14 is connected to a measuring amplifier, not shown, arranged in a control device 15. The control device 15 has an adjuster 16 for the setpoint value of the brightness and is connected to the high-voltage generator 2 for exposure control.

Weiterhin weist die Steuervorrichtung 15 erste Einstellmittel 17 auf, durch die sich die Hochspannungen der Elektroden des Röntgenbildverstärkers 4 verstellen lassen, so daß die Elektronenoptik umschaltbar ist und sich verschiedene Abbildungsmaßstäbe einstellen lassen. Weiterhin sind zweite Einstellmittel 18 an der Steuervorrichtung 15 vorgesehen, die mit einer Verstellvorrichtung 19 verbunden sind, die eine Veränderung des Abbildungsmaßstabes der Optik 13 und des Detektors 14 bewirkt. Die Verstellvorrichtung 19 kann beispielsweise aus motorgetriebenen Kurvenscheiben bestehen, die auf den Detektor 14 und die Optik 13 einwirken.Furthermore, the control device 15 has first setting means 17, by means of which the high voltages of the electrodes of the X-ray image intensifier 4 can be adjusted, so that the electron optics can be switched over and different imaging scales can be used let set. Furthermore, second adjustment means 18 are provided on the control device 15, which are connected to an adjustment device 19, which causes a change in the imaging scale of the optics 13 and the detector 14. The adjusting device 19 can consist, for example, of motor-driven cam disks which act on the detector 14 and the optics 13.

In der FIG 2 ist der parallele Strahlengang 11 dargestellt, der zwischen Basisobjekt 6 und Kameraobjectiv 7 liegt. In dem parallelen Strahlengang 11 ist der Spiegel 12 angeordnet, der auch durch ein Prisma gebildet sein kann. Vor der Spiegelfläche ist eine erste Linse 20 der Optik 13 angeordnet. Im Abstand hinter dem Spiegel 12 ist eine zweite Linse 21 vor dem Detektor 14 angeordnet, der sich im Brennpunkt der optischen Anordnung, gebildet aus den beiden Linsen 20 und 21, befindet. Diese in FIG 2 dargestellte Anordnung entspricht dem kleinsten optischen Abbildungsmaßstab. Der Röntgenbildverstärker ist durch die ersten Einstellmittel 17 derart eingestellt, daß die Gesamteingangsfläche des Röntgenbildverstärkers vollständig auf dem Ausgangsleuchtschirm des Röntgenbildverstärkers 4 abgebildet wird. Die Optik 13 ist dabei so eingestellt, daß das Ausgangbild des Röntgenbildverstärkers 4 auf dem Detektor 14 abgebildet wird.2 shows the parallel beam path 11 which lies between the base object 6 and the camera lens 7. The mirror 12, which can also be formed by a prism, is arranged in the parallel beam path 11. A first lens 20 of the optics 13 is arranged in front of the mirror surface. A second lens 21 is arranged at a distance behind the mirror 12 in front of the detector 14, which is located at the focal point of the optical arrangement, formed from the two lenses 20 and 21. This arrangement shown in FIG 2 corresponds to the smallest optical imaging scale. The X-ray image intensifier is set by the first setting means 17 in such a way that the total input surface of the X-ray image intensifier is completely imaged on the output fluorescent screen of the X-ray image intensifier 4. The optics 13 is set so that the output image of the X-ray image intensifier 4 is imaged on the detector 14.

In FIG 3 ist eine Anordnung mit größerem optischen Abbildungsmaßstab dargestellt. Durch die Verstellvorrichtung 19 wurde die zweite Linse 21 sowie der Detektor 14 derart verstellt, daß nunmehr der Ausgangleuchtschirm nur auf einem Teil des Detektors 14 abgebildet ist. Da dieses normalerweise mit der Verstellung des Abbildungsmaßstabes des Röntgenbildverstärkers 4 gekoppelt ist, bedeutet das, daß ein kleinerer Teil des Eingangsleuchtschirmes des Röntenbildverstärkers 4 auf dem gesamten Ausgangsleuchtschirm des Röntgenbildverstärkers 4 abgebildet wird, so daß die Objekte auf dem Ausgansleuchtschirm des Röntgenbildverstärkers 4 vergrößert erscheinen. Durch die entsprechende Änderung des Abbildungsmaßstabes der Linsen 20 und 21, der automatisch durch Koppelung der ersten Einstellmittel 17 mit den zweiten Einstellmitteln 18 erfolgt, wird eine entsprechende Vergrößerung erreicht, so daß der einmal ausgewählte Dominantenbereich innerhalb des Objektes auch nach einer Änderung des elektronenoptischen Abbildungsmaßstabes in gleicher Größe erhalten bleibt.FIG. 3 shows an arrangement with a larger optical imaging scale. The second lens 21 and the detector 14 were adjusted by the adjusting device 19 such that the exit fluorescent screen is now only imaged on part of the detector 14. Since this is normally coupled with the adjustment of the imaging scale of the X-ray image intensifier 4, this means that a smaller part of the input fluorescent screen of the X-ray image intensifier 4 is imaged on the entire output fluorescent screen of the X-ray image intensifier 4, so that the objects on the exit fluorescent screen of the X-ray image intensifier 4 appear enlarged. By the corresponding change in the imaging scale of the lenses 20 and 21, which is carried out automatically by coupling the first setting means 17 with the second setting means 18, a corresponding enlargement is achieved so that the dominant region once selected within the object is retained in the same size even after a change in the electron-optical imaging scale.

In FIG 4 ist ein derartiger Detektor 14 dargestellt. Auf einer Scheibe 22 sind mehrere lichtempfindliche Flächen 23 in einer Matrix angeordnet. Diese lichtempfindlichen Flächen 23 sind mit der Steuervorrichtung 15 verbunden und lassen sich zur Wahl der Dominante einzeln oder in Gruppen dem Meßverstärker aufschalten. In definierter Lage zu den lichtempfindlichen Flächen 23 können in der Scheibe 22 Bohrungen 24 vorgesehen werden, durch die sich mittels einer hinter dem Detektor 14 angeordneten, nicht dargestellten Beleuchtungsvorrichtung die Abbildungen der Bohrungen 24 über den Spiegel 12 und das Basisobjektiv 6 auf den Ausgangsleuchtschirm des Röntgenbildverstärkers 4 abbilden lassen, so daß diese von der Kamera 8 erfaßt und auf dem Monitor 10 wiedergegeben werden können. Dadurch ist eine Zuordnung der Lage der einzelnen Flächen feststellbar.Such a detector 14 is shown in FIG. A plurality of photosensitive surfaces 23 are arranged in a matrix on a disk 22. These light-sensitive surfaces 23 are connected to the control device 15 and can be connected to the measuring amplifier individually or in groups in order to select the dominant. In a defined position relative to the light-sensitive surfaces 23, bores 24 can be provided in the disk 22, through which the images of the bores 24 via the mirror 12 and the base lens 6 on the output fluorescent screen of the x-ray image intensifier are arranged by means of a lighting device (not shown) arranged behind the detector 14 4 can be imaged so that they can be captured by the camera 8 and displayed on the monitor 10. An assignment of the position of the individual areas can thereby be determined.

In FIG 5 ist eine weitere Möglichkeit für einen Detektor 14 dargestellt, der in an sich bekannter Weise aus einer Dominantenscheibe 25 besteht, die einem Detektor 26, beispielsweise einem Photomultiplier, vorgeordnet ist. Durch die Wahl verschieden großer Öffnungen und deren Lage auf der Dominantenscheibe 25 lassen sich somit verschiedene Meßbereiche auswählen. Durch die Veränderung des Abbildungsmaßstabes wird die einmal gewählte Öffnung in der Dominantenscheibe 25 an den Abbildungsmaßstab des Röntgenbildverstärkers 4 angepaßt, so daß eine Verstellung der Dominantenscheibe 25 bei Verstellung des Abbildungsmaßstabes des Röntgenbildverstärkers 4 nicht erforderlich ist.5 shows a further possibility for a detector 14 which, in a manner known per se, consists of a dominant disk 25 which is arranged upstream of a detector 26, for example a photomultiplier. By selecting openings of different sizes and their position on the dominant disk 25, different measuring ranges can thus be selected. By changing the imaging scale, the opening once selected in the dominant disk 25 is adapted to the imaging scale of the X-ray image intensifier 4, so that an adjustment of the dominant disk 25 when adjusting the imaging scale of the X-ray image intensifier 4 is not necessary.

Somit erhält man eine Röntgendiagnostikeinrichtung, durch die durch Verändern des Abbildungsmaßstabes durch die ersten Einstellmittel 17 der Abbildungsmaßstab des Röntgenbildverstärkers 4 zusammen mit dem Abbildungsmaßstab für den Detektor 14 verändert wird, so daß eine einmal durch zweite Einstellmittel 18 ausgewählte Dominante dem gleichen Objekt in gleicher Größe zugeordnet bleibt. Weiterhin kann durch Verstellen der zweiten Einstellmittel 18 die Größe und Lage der Dominante kontinuierlich verändert werden, so daß sich bei vorgegebenen Abmessungen der lichtempfindlichen Flächen 23 des Detektors 14 oder der Öffnung in der Dominantenscheibe 25 für jede Möglichkeit mehrere Einstellungen ergeben.An x-ray diagnostic device is thus obtained by changing the imaging scale by means of the first setting means 17 the imaging scale of the X-ray image intensifier 4 is changed together with the imaging scale for the detector 14, so that a dominant once selected by second setting means 18 remains assigned to the same object in the same size. Furthermore, by adjusting the second setting means 18, the size and position of the dominant can be changed continuously, so that given the dimensions of the light-sensitive surfaces 23 of the detector 14 or the opening in the dominant disk 25, several settings result for each possibility.

Claims (6)

  1. X-ray diagnostics apparatus for generating X-ray images, having an X-ray image intensifier (4) and a detector (14) for measuring the mean image brightness in a dominant region of the output screen of the X-ray image intensifier (4), characterised in that there are provided means (13, 19) which alter the optical imaging scale for the detector (14) with respect to the output image of the X-ray image intensifier (4).
  2. X-ray diagnostics apparatus according to claim 1, in which the electro-optical imaging scale of the X-ray image intensifier (4) can be altered by adjustment means (17), characterised in that the means (13, 19) are coupled to the adjustment means (17) in such a way that, when the imaging scale of the X-ray image intensifier (4) is adjusted, the imaging scale for the detector (14) is changed accordingly, so that the dominant region detected by the detector (14) remains the same with respect to the X-ray image.
  3. X-ray diagnostics apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the means have two lenses (20, 21) connected in front of the detector (14), the spacing of these lenses being altered accordingly when the imaging scale of the X-ray image intensifier (4) is altered, and in that, for the detector (14), there is provided an adjustment device (19) which causes the detector (14) always to be located at the focal point of the optical arrangement (20, 21).
  4. X-ray diagnostics apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the detector (14) comprises a matrix of light-sensitive surfaces (23) which can be respectively connected, individually or in groups, to a measuring amplifier.
  5. X-ray diagnostics apparatus according to claim 4, characterised in that, in the detector (14), there are provided openings (24) in defined positions relative to the individual light-sensitive surfaces (23) and in that, behind the detector (14), there is arranged an illumination device by means of which the openings (24) can be mixed into the X-ray image for checking the position of the dominant region.
  6. X-ray diagnostics apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the detector (14) comprises a multiplier (26) having an adjustable dominant disc (25) arranged in front thereof for mixing in the respective desired part of the X-ray image.
EP89102904A 1989-02-20 1989-02-20 X-ray diagnostic apparatus Expired - Lifetime EP0383963B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89102904A EP0383963B1 (en) 1989-02-20 1989-02-20 X-ray diagnostic apparatus
DE89102904T DE58905549D1 (en) 1989-02-20 1989-02-20 X-ray diagnostic device.
JP2039533A JPH02246584A (en) 1989-02-20 1990-02-19 X-ray diagnosis device
US07/647,700 US5155753A (en) 1989-02-20 1991-01-29 X-ray diagnostics installation which permits adjustment of the position or size of the dominant region of the image

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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EP89102904A EP0383963B1 (en) 1989-02-20 1989-02-20 X-ray diagnostic apparatus

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EP0383963A1 EP0383963A1 (en) 1990-08-29
EP0383963B1 true EP0383963B1 (en) 1993-09-08

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US6175614B1 (en) * 1999-05-07 2001-01-16 Oec Medical Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for automatic sizing and positioning of ABS sampling window in an x-ray imaging system
DE10332596B4 (en) * 2003-07-17 2011-11-17 Siemens Ag X-ray equipment

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2577374A1 (en) * 1985-02-08 1986-08-14 Thomson Cgr Method of automatic adjustment of exposure in a radiology installation and radiology installation implementing such a method

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DE1210035B (en) * 1965-02-06 1966-02-03 C H F Mueller G M B H Arrangement for the electrical transmission of X-ray images
DE3127648A1 (en) * 1981-07-13 1983-01-20 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München X-ray diagnosis device
NL8200852A (en) * 1982-03-03 1983-10-03 Philips Nv ROENTGEN RESEARCH DEVICE.
JPS6135687A (en) * 1984-07-27 1986-02-20 Toshiba Corp X-ray diagnostic device
NL8502569A (en) * 1985-09-20 1987-04-16 Philips Nv ROENTGEN RESEARCH DEVICE WITH A LOCALLY DIVIDED AID DETECTOR.

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2577374A1 (en) * 1985-02-08 1986-08-14 Thomson Cgr Method of automatic adjustment of exposure in a radiology installation and radiology installation implementing such a method

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US5155753A (en) 1992-10-13
DE58905549D1 (en) 1993-10-14
EP0383963A1 (en) 1990-08-29
JPH02246584A (en) 1990-10-02

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