EP0369134A1 - Vehicle body - Google Patents
Vehicle body Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0369134A1 EP0369134A1 EP89117089A EP89117089A EP0369134A1 EP 0369134 A1 EP0369134 A1 EP 0369134A1 EP 89117089 A EP89117089 A EP 89117089A EP 89117089 A EP89117089 A EP 89117089A EP 0369134 A1 EP0369134 A1 EP 0369134A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- parts
- cell according
- cell modules
- vehicle cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 7
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
- B61D17/043—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures connections between superstructure sub-units
- B61D17/045—The sub-units being construction modules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
Definitions
- the invention relates to a vehicle cell, in particular for a rail vehicle, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the complete supporting structure is first set up - usually by welding the individual scaffolding parts including the window and door frames - and then the sandwich parts forming the outer skin and possibly an additional inner lining are attached to the finished cell.
- Such a design has a disadvantageous impact on the manufacturing costs, as on the one hand complex manufacturing resources for the construction of the raw cell, for. B. an expensive assembly rig, must be provided and on the other hand, the subsequent planking of the supporting structure with the outer and inner cladding parts is a labor-intensive and accordingly cost-intensive process.
- the object of the invention is to design a vehicle cell of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it can be produced using simple manufacturing means and with little effort.
- the supporting framework parts are already integrated as integral components in the respective sandwich structures before the cell is assembled and fit there, including those arranged on the framework parts exact connection elements exactly and securely fixed in the final assembly position between the cover layers, so that the inner supporting structure and the sandwich paneling of the cell no longer have to be assembled in separate, complex production steps and with the help of a large-scale assembly rig; Rather, the cell modules according to the invention, if desired already provided with the inner cladding, can be made separately from the final installation location in an extremely rational manner by means of simple, flat or, if necessary, simply curved molding and adhesive devices, and then can be assembled quickly and easily by assembling their connecting elements into the finished vehicle cell, what brings a very significant reduction in the cost of production resources and labor.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention with regard to a problem-free joining of the individual cell modules consists in that the fitting connections consist of plug-in connection elements which, after being plugged together, are coupled to each other in a load-transmitting manner, and that are preferably glued together according to claim 3.
- the individual cell modules are expediently completely surrounded at the edges by supporting frame parts provided with fitting connections, which results in a very uniform and therefore highly load-resistant coupling of the supporting frame in the area of the fitting connections over the entire outer edge of the cell modules and at the same time in a simple manner a clean edge seal for the individual sandwich structures is achieved.
- the supporting frame parts are preferably designed as hollow profile parts which can be pushed into one another in the edge region of the cell modules.
- the support structure parts within the individual cell modules are preferably connected to one another in a grid-like manner, expediently according to claim 7 by assembly simple expansion dowel screw connections.
- a further, manufacturing simplification is achieved according to claim 8 in that the support layer sections are inserted via a leveling adhesive between the framework parts of the respective cell module, so that an exact cut of these support layer sections can be dispensed with in cell module production, the support layer sections preferably consisting of a honeycomb core or Foam material exist that adapts very easily to the required curvature course in the production of curved cell modules and without great effort to change the shape.
- the frame profiles for the vehicle windows and doors are integrated into the respective cell modules in the same way as the supporting frame parts, as a result of which the assembly effort in the area of the window and door cutouts is also substantially reduced, and in With a view to further simplifying production, the cover layers are expediently only after the completion of the respective cell modules along the window or door Trimmed frame profiles, so that a previous, tailored cut of the cover skins on the window and door cutouts of the cell is not required.
- the cover layers preferably consist of fiber composite layers, which are glued flat to the supporting frame parts and, if the adhesive connection is to be strengthened locally, are also additionally riveted in places according to claim 12.
- a pre-hardened fiber composite laminate is used in the manufacture of the cell modules at least as the outer skin, whereby impressions of the supporting structure and other sandwich inserts, eg. B. of honeycomb core cuts, on the outside or inside of the cell modules can be effectively prevented and thus the vehicle receives a smooth surface outside and inside without it having to undergo expensive surface finishing, eg. B. by grinding, or a retrofitted, additional inner lining is required.
- the rail vehicle cell shown in Fig. 1 consists of individually prefabricated roof, floor, end (not shown) and side wall cell modules 2.1 to 2.4, which, in the assembled state, the supporting structure of the vehicle cell, which is composed of individual supporting profile parts, and the sandwich which takes over the shear stiffening - Planking of the supporting structure results.
- the construction and manufacture of the cell modules is explained using a side wall submodule with reference to FIG. 2.
- the cell module is designed as a sandwich structure with inner and outer cover layers 4, 6 made of fiber composite material, between which a honeycomb core support layer 8 and the supporting profile parts 10 of the supporting structure belonging to the cell module are glued as an integral part of the sandwich structure.
- the support profile parts 10 are arranged in a lattice-like manner such that the outer transverse and longitudinal profiles 12, 14 form a circumferential border for the sandwich structure.
- a molded shell 16 made of aluminum or steel sheet is used to produce the side wall cell module
- Layer is raised and on which the two cover layers 4, 6 are first individually manufactured and cured with a predominantly ⁇ 45 ° fiber layer structure. After hardening, the outer surfaces of the cover layers 4, 6 on the shell side have a very smooth surface structure, so that a complicated surface reworking or a subsequent application to the outer surface of the inner cover layer 4 is carried out
- Vehicle interior trim can be dispensed with.
- the outer cover layer 6 lying on the molded shell 16 is covered with an adhesive layer, for example a phenolic resin layer or a film adhesive (not shown), whereupon the support profile parts 10 are placed and inserted into the interspaces between them, any insert parts that may still be required, e.g. B. force introduction elements in the form of glass chips blocks (also not shown) can be used.
- the remaining surface areas, with the exception of the surface fields to be kept free for the window and door cutouts, are now covered with the honeycomb core material 8.
- the support profile parts 10 are prefabricated as hollow chamber profiles made of aluminum or fiber composite material and, with regard to an exact positioning within the cell module, are already included in FIG the sandwich structure firmly connected to each other, preferably by expansion dowel connections 20 according to FIG. 3, each screwed from a dowel part 22 inserted into the open end of the one support profile part 10 and screwed to it with the dowel part 22 spreading, via through holes in the hollow chamber walls of the other support profile part 14 are inserted mounting screws 24.
- the molded shell 16 is also used for the production of cell modules which, like the roof modules 2.1, have a cross-sectional configuration that is curved on one side.
- the individual cell modules are assembled using precisely fitting plug connections that extend over a large area over the entire outer circumference of the cell modules.
- the edge-side support profile parts 12 and 14 are glued to the cover layers 4, 6 only over part of their profile width and are coupled via their cover layer-free profile sections to the edge-side support profile part 12 and 14 of the adjacent cell module in a load-transmitting manner.
- 4 shows a pass-fit connection of this type between the base and side wall modules 2.2 and 2.4.
- the double-chamber support profile parts 14, which form the outer border of the cell module adjoining the honeycomb core 8 with the interposition of the compensating adhesive or foam 26, are approximately only half of their profile width in the Sanwich structure pulled and are firmly connected to each other with the help of a connector profile 28, which is pushed onto the cover layer-free hollow chamber profile sections and glued to them, the free profile legs of the connection profile 28 in the assembled state flush with the cover layers 4, 6 of the cell modules 2.2 or 2.4 concern.
- a hollow profile 30 that is open on one side is provided as the edge-side supporting profile part of the roof module 2.1, the free profile legs 32 of which, when the cell modules 2.1, 2.3 are assembled, fit snugly onto the edge-side counter profile 14 of the Sidewall module 2.3 can be pushed on, so that the edge profiles 14, 30 can in turn be glued to one another with exact mutual fixation of the associated cell modules 2.1 and 2.3.
- the joint connections described consisting of edge profile parts 12, 14, 30 which can be pushed together precisely in the lateral direction and then bonded to one another, are also used in an analogous manner between the other cell modules, for example between the roof and end wall modules or for inserting intermediate wall modules 2.4 (FIG. 1) .
- the supporting structure parts 10 with the cover layers 4, 6 or - at the fitting connections between the cell modules - can also be riveted or screwed to one another.
- Fig. 5 also shows the possibility of forming the cell module with a different wall thickness compared to the profile height of the edge-side support profile parts, such that by inserting appropriate honeycomb core strips 8.2 in cell module production a gradual transition from the sandwich thickness to the profile height of the edge-side support profile part 14 is achieved.
- the window and door frame profiles 34 and 36 are also integrated into the sandwich structure 2, as shown in FIGS. 6a, b. Visible radii at the corners of the window or door cutouts are already formed on the frame profiles 34, 36, and excess cover layer material is removed after trimming the sandwich structure 2 by trimming along the frame profile edges.
- the window panes 38 are subsequently attached to the frame profiles 34 together with a rubber seal 40 and a rim 42.
- the door frame profile 36 contains an integrally molded profile section 44 forming the door stop (FIG. 6b); Alternatively, however, the door frame profile 36 can also be formed in two parts - along the dividing line dashed in FIG. 6b - and the profile section 44 can be fastened to the door frame profile 36 only after the side wall module 2.3 has been completed.
- the outer layers 4, 6 are not cured beforehand, and instead they are placed in the still uncured state together with the honeycomb core and supporting frame parts 8, 10 on the molding tool 16, 18 and then with simultaneous bonding of the Hardened sandwich structure.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Eine Schienenfahrzeugzelle, die aus einem Traggerüst und an diesem befestigten Sandwichteilen mit einer äußeren und einer inneren Deckschicht (4, 6) und einer zwischen diese eingeklebten Stützschicht (8) besteht, ist erfindungsgemäß im Hinblick auf eine kostengünstige Fertigung und vor allem eine Verringerung des Montageaufwandes aus einzeln fertiggestellten Zellmodulen aufgebaut, die jeweils in Integralbauweise als Sandwichstruktur mit im Bereich der Stützschicht eingefügten, an den Deckschichten befestigten Traggerüstteilen (10) ausgebildet und randseitig an den Traggerüstteilen mit Passverbindungen (12, 14) zum Zusammenfügen der Zellmodule versehen sind.A rail vehicle cell, which consists of a supporting frame and sandwich parts fastened to it with an outer and an inner cover layer (4, 6) and a support layer (8) glued between them, is in accordance with the invention with regard to cost-effective production and, above all, a reduction in assembly effort made up of individually finished cell modules, each of which is constructed in an integral construction as a sandwich structure with support frame parts (10) inserted in the area of the support layer and attached to the cover layers and provided with fitting connections (12, 14) on the edge of the support frame parts for joining the cell modules.
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Fahrzeugzelle, insbesondere für ein Schienenfahrzeug, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a vehicle cell, in particular for a rail vehicle, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Bei der Herstellung derartiger Fahrzeugzellen bekannter Bauart wird zunächst das komplette Traggerüst - zumeist durch Verschweißen der einzelnen Gerüstteile einschließlich der Fenster- und Türrahmen - aufgebaut und an der so fertiggestellten Rohzelle werden anschließend die die Außenhaut bildenden Sandwichteile und eventuell noch eine zusätzliche Innenverkleidung angebracht. Eine derartige Bauweise hat insofern nachteilige Auswirkungen auf die Herstellungskosten, als zum einen für den Aufbau der Rohzelle aufwendige Fertigungsmittel, z. B. ein kostspieliges Montagerig, bereitgestellt werden müssen und zum anderen die nachträgliche Beplankung des Traggerüstes mit den äußeren und inneren Verkleidungsteilen ein arbeits- und dementsprechend kostenintensiver Vorgang ist.In the manufacture of such vehicle cells of a known type, the complete supporting structure is first set up - usually by welding the individual scaffolding parts including the window and door frames - and then the sandwich parts forming the outer skin and possibly an additional inner lining are attached to the finished cell. Such a design has a disadvantageous impact on the manufacturing costs, as on the one hand complex manufacturing resources for the construction of the raw cell, for. B. an expensive assembly rig, must be provided and on the other hand, the subsequent planking of the supporting structure with the outer and inner cladding parts is a labor-intensive and accordingly cost-intensive process.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Fahrzeugzelle der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß sie mit einfachen Fertigungsmitteln und einem geringen Arbeitsaufwand herstellbar ist.The object of the invention is to design a vehicle cell of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it can be produced using simple manufacturing means and with little effort.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die im Anspruch 1 gekennzeichnete Fahrzeugzelle gelöst.This object is achieved by the vehicle cell characterized in claim 1.
Erfindungsgemäß sind die Traggerüstteile bereits vor dem Zusammenbau der Zelle als integrale Bestandteile in die jeweiligen Sandwichstrukturen einbezogen und dort einschließlich der an den Gerüstteilen angeordneten, pass genauen Anschlußelemente exakt und sicher in der endgültigen Montageposition zwischen den Deckschichten fixiert, so daß das innere Traggerüst und die Sandwich-Beplankung der Zelle nicht mehr in voneinander getrennten, jeweils aufwendigen Fertigungsschritten und unter Zuhilfenahme eines großräumigen Montagerigs montiert werden müssen; vielmehr lassen sich die erfindungsspezifischen, gewünschtenfalls auch bereits mit der Innenverkleidung versehenen Zellmodule getrennt vom endgültigen Montageort auf äußerst rationelle Weise mittels einfacher, ebener oder allenfalls einfach gekrümmter Form- und Klebevorrichtungen anfertigen und dann durch Zusammenfüger ihrer Anschlußelemente rasch und problemlos zur fertigen Fahrzeugzelle zusammenbauen, was eine ganz erhebliche Reduzierung des Fertigungsmittel- und Arbeitsaufwands erbringt.According to the invention, the supporting framework parts are already integrated as integral components in the respective sandwich structures before the cell is assembled and fit there, including those arranged on the framework parts exact connection elements exactly and securely fixed in the final assembly position between the cover layers, so that the inner supporting structure and the sandwich paneling of the cell no longer have to be assembled in separate, complex production steps and with the help of a large-scale assembly rig; Rather, the cell modules according to the invention, if desired already provided with the inner cladding, can be made separately from the final installation location in an extremely rational manner by means of simple, flat or, if necessary, simply curved molding and adhesive devices, and then can be assembled quickly and easily by assembling their connecting elements into the finished vehicle cell, what brings a very significant reduction in the cost of production resources and labor.
Eine im Hinblick auf ein problemloses Zusammenfügen der einzelnen Zellmodule bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht gemäß Anspruch 2 darin, daß die Passverbindungen aus Steckverbindungselementen bestehen, die nach dem Zusammenstecken lastübertragend miteinander verkoppelt, und zwar gemäß Anspruch 3 vorzugsweise miteinander verklebt werden.A preferred embodiment of the invention with regard to a problem-free joining of the individual cell modules consists in that the fitting connections consist of plug-in connection elements which, after being plugged together, are coupled to each other in a load-transmitting manner, and that are preferably glued together according to claim 3.
Die einzelnen Zellmodule sind gemäß Anspruch 4 zweckmäßigerweise randseitig jeweils vollständig von mit Passverbindungen versehenen Traggerüstteilen umschlossen, wodurch sich eine über den gesamten Außenrand der Zellmodule sehr gleichmäßige und daher hochgradig lastfeste Verkoppelung des Traggerüstes im Bereich der Passverbindungen ergibt und zugleich auf einfache Weise ein sauberer Randabschluß für die einzelnen Sandwichstrukturen erzielt wird.The individual cell modules are expediently completely surrounded at the edges by supporting frame parts provided with fitting connections, which results in a very uniform and therefore highly load-resistant coupling of the supporting frame in the area of the fitting connections over the entire outer edge of the cell modules and at the same time in a simple manner a clean edge seal for the individual sandwich structures is achieved.
Im Hinblick auf eine konstruktiv besonders einfache Ausbildung der Pass- bzw. Steckverbindungen bei zugleich geringem Eigengewicht der Traggerüstkonstruktion sind die Traggerüstteile gemäß Anspruch 5 vorzugsweise als im Randbereich der Zellmodule passgenau ineinander schiebbare Hohlprofilteile ausgebildet.With regard to a particularly simple design of the fitting or plug connections at the same time Low weight of the supporting structure construction, the supporting frame parts are preferably designed as hollow profile parts which can be pushed into one another in the edge region of the cell modules.
Aus Gründen einer erhöhten konstruktiven Festigkeit und vor allem auch um bei der Fertigung der einzelnen Zellmodule die exakte gegenseitige Positionierung der jeweiligen Traggerüstteile zu erleichtern, sind die Traggerüstteile innerhalb der einzelnen Zellmodule gemäß Anspruch 6 vorzugsweise gitterartig miteinander verbunden, und zwar zweckmäßigerweise gemäß Anspruch 7 durch montagemäßig einfache Spreizdübel-Verschraubungen.For reasons of increased structural strength and, above all, to facilitate the exact mutual positioning of the respective support structure parts during the manufacture of the individual cell modules, the support structure parts within the individual cell modules are preferably connected to one another in a grid-like manner, expediently according to claim 7 by assembly simple expansion dowel screw connections.
Eine weitere, ferigungsmäßige Vereinfachung wird gemäß Anspruch 8 dadurch erreicht, daß die Stützschichtabschnitte über einen Ausgleichskleber zwischen die Gerüstteile des jeweiligen Zellmoduls eingefügt sind, so daß auf einen exakten Zuschnitt dieser Stützschichtabschnitte bei der Zellmodulfertigung verzichtet werden kann, wobei die Stützschichtabschnitte vorzugsweise aus einem Wabenkern oder Schaumstoffmaterial bestehen, das sich bei der Herstellung gekrümmter Zellmodule sehr einfach und ohne großen Formänderungsaufwand elastisch an den geforderten Krümmungsverlauf anpaßt.A further, manufacturing simplification is achieved according to
Gemäß einem weiteren, besonders bevorzugten Aspekt der Erfindung sind nach Anspruch 9 die Rahmenprofile für die Fahrzeugfenster und -türen in gleicher Weise wie die Traggerüstteile in die jeweiligen Zellmodule mitintegriert, wodurch der Montageaufwand im Bereich der Fenster- und Türausschnitte ebenfalls wesentlich verringert wird, und im Hinblick auf eine weitere, fertigungsmäßige Erleichterung werden die Deckschichten gemäß Anspruch 10 zweckmäßigerweise erst nach Fertigstellung der jeweiligen Zellmodule längs der Fenster- bzw. Tür rahmenprofile besäumt, so daß ein vorheriger, passgenauer Zuschnitt der Deckhäute an den Fenster- und Türausschnitten der Zelle nicht erforderlich ist.According to a further, particularly preferred aspect of the invention, the frame profiles for the vehicle windows and doors are integrated into the respective cell modules in the same way as the supporting frame parts, as a result of which the assembly effort in the area of the window and door cutouts is also substantially reduced, and in With a view to further simplifying production, the cover layers are expediently only after the completion of the respective cell modules along the window or door Trimmed frame profiles, so that a previous, tailored cut of the cover skins on the window and door cutouts of the cell is not required.
Gemäß Anspruch 11 bestehen die Deckschichten vorzugsweise aus Faserverbundschichten, die mit den Traggerüstteilen flächig verklebt und, falls die Klebeverbindung örtlich noch verstärkt werden soll, gemäß Anspruch 12 zweckmäßigerweise zusätzlich auch noch stellenweise vernietet sind.According to claim 11, the cover layers preferably consist of fiber composite layers, which are glued flat to the supporting frame parts and, if the adhesive connection is to be strengthened locally, are also additionally riveted in places according to
Gemäß Anspruch 13 schließlich wird bei der Fertigung der Zellmodule zumindest als Deckschicht-Außenhaut ein vorgehärtetes Faserverbundlaminat verwendet, wodurch Abdrücke der Traggerüst- und anderer Sandwich-Einlegeteile, z. B. von Wabenkernzuschnitten, auf der Außen- bzw. Innenseite der Zellmodule wirksam verhindert werden und somit das Fahrzeug außen wie innen eine glatte Oberfläche erhält, ohne daß es einer aufwendigen Oberflächen-Nachbearbeitung, z. B. durch Schleifen, oder einer nachträglich montierten, zusätzlichen Innenverkleidung bedarf.Finally, according to claim 13, a pre-hardened fiber composite laminate is used in the manufacture of the cell modules at least as the outer skin, whereby impressions of the supporting structure and other sandwich inserts, eg. B. of honeycomb core cuts, on the outside or inside of the cell modules can be effectively prevented and thus the vehicle receives a smooth surface outside and inside without it having to undergo expensive surface finishing, eg. B. by grinding, or a retrofitted, additional inner lining is required.
Die Erfindung wird nunmehr anhand des in Figuren schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Teildarstellung einer Fahrzeugzelle nach der Erfindung;
- Fig. 2 die Einzelkomponenten eines der Zellmodule in perspektivischer Ansicht;
- Fig. 3 einen Schnitt einer Schraub-Spreizverbindung zwischen zwei Traggerüstteilen innerhalb eines Zellmoduls längs der Linie III-III der Fig. 2;
- Fig. 4 einen Schnitt einer Pass-Steckverbindung zwischen zwei Zellmodulen im Eckbereich IV der Fig. 1 vor dem Zusammenfügen;
- Fig. 5 einen Schnitt einer Pass-Steckverbindung im Seitenwand-Dachbereich V der Fig. 1 vor dem Zusammenfügen;
- Fig. 6 a, b eine perspektivische bzw. geschnittene Teilansicht des Fenster- bzw. Türrahmenbereichs längs der Linie VI-VI der Fig. 1.
- Figure 1 is a partial perspective view of a vehicle cell according to the invention.
- 2 shows the individual components of one of the cell modules in a perspective view;
- 3 shows a section of a screw-expansion connection between two supporting frame parts within a cell module along the line III-III of FIG. 2;
- 4 shows a section of a fitting plug connection between two cell modules in the corner region IV of FIG. 1 before assembly;
- 5 shows a section of a fitting plug connection in the side wall roof area V of FIG. 1 before assembly;
- 6 a, b is a perspective or sectional partial view of the window or door frame area along the line VI-VI of FIG. 1st
Die in Fig. 1 gezeigte Schienenfahrzeugzelle besteht aus einzeln vorgefertigten Dach-, Boden-, Stirn- (nicht ersichtlich) und Seitenwand-Zellmodulen 2.1 bis 2.4, die im zusammengefügten Zustand das aus einzelnen Tragprofilteilen gitterartig zusammengesetzte Traggerüst der Fahrzeugzelle und die die Schubversteifung übernehmende Sandwich-Beplankung des Traggerüstes ergeben.The rail vehicle cell shown in Fig. 1 consists of individually prefabricated roof, floor, end (not shown) and side wall cell modules 2.1 to 2.4, which, in the assembled state, the supporting structure of the vehicle cell, which is composed of individual supporting profile parts, and the sandwich which takes over the shear stiffening - Planking of the supporting structure results.
Der Aufbau und die Fertigung der Zellmodule wird anhand eines Seitenwand-Teilmoduls unter Bezug auf Fig. 2 erläutert. Der Zellmodul ist als Sandwichstruktur mit inneren und äußeren Deckschichten 4, 6 aus Faserverbundwerkstoff ausgebildet, zwischen die eine Wabenkern-Stützschicht 8 und die zum Zellmodul gehörenden Tragprofilteile 10 des Traggerüstes als integraler Bestandteil der Sandwichstruktur eingeklebt werden. Die Tragprofilteile 10 sind gitterartig angeordnet, derart, daß die äußeren Quer- und Längsprofile 12, 14 eine in Umfangsrichtung geschlossene Randeinfassung für die Sandwichstruktur bilden.The construction and manufacture of the cell modules is explained using a side wall submodule with reference to FIG. 2. The cell module is designed as a sandwich structure with inner and
Zur Herstellung des Seitenwand-Zellmoduls dient eine Formschale 16 aus Aluminium- oder Stahlblech, die mittels einer Abstützvorrichtung 18 in horizontalerA molded
Lage aufgeständert ist und auf der zunächst die beiden Deckschichten 4, 6 jeweils einzeln mit einem vorwiegend ± 45°-Faserlagenaufbau hergestellt und ausgehärtet werden. Nach dem Aushärten besitzen die formschalenseitigen Außenflächen der Deckschichten 4, 6 eine sehr glatte Oberflächenstruktur, so daß auf eine aufwendige Oberflächen-Nachbearbeitung oder eine nachträglich auf die Außenfläche der inneren Deckschicht 4 aufgebrachteLayer is raised and on which the two
Fahrzeug-Innenverkleidung verzichtet werden kann. Die äußere, auf der Formschale 16 aufliegende Deckschicht 6 wird mit einer Klebeschicht, etwa einer Phenolharzlage oder einem Folienkleber (nicht gezeigt) belegt, woraufhin die Tragprofilteile 10 aufgelegt und in die Zwischenräume zwischen diesen eventuell noch benötigte Einlegeteile, z. B. Krafteinleitungselemente in Form von Glasschnitzelblöcken (ebenfalls nicht gezeigt) eingesetzt werden. Die verbleibenden Flächenbereiche mit Ausnahme der für die Fenster- und Türausschnitte freizuhaltenden Flächenfelder - werden nunmehr mit dem Wabenkernmaterial 8 belegt. Aus Gründen der Arbeitsersparnis wird dieses nur grob zugeschnitten und die entstehenden Lücken zu den Tragprofilteilen 10 werden mit einem Ausgleichsmaterial in Form eines Ausgleichsklebers oder -schaums ausgefüllt, woraufhin die innere Deckschicht 4 ebenfalls wieder unter Zwischenlage eines Folienklebers oder einer Phenolharzlage aufgesetzt wird und sämtliche Komponenten unter Druck- und Wärmeeinwirkung zum fertigen Zellmodul verklebt werden.Vehicle interior trim can be dispensed with. The
Die Tragprofilteile 10 sind als Hohlkammerprofile aus Aluminium oder Faserverbundwerkstoff vorgefertigt und werden im Hinblick auf eine exakte Positionierung innerhalb des Zellmoduls bereits vor ihrer Einbeziehung in die Sandwichstruktur fest miteinander verbunden, und zwar vorzugsweise durch Spreiz-Dübelverbindungen 20 gemäß Fig. 3, die jeweils aus einem in das offene Ende des einen Tragprofilteils 10 eingesetzten Dübelteil 22 und mit diesem unter Aufspreizung des Dübelteils 22 verschraubten, über Durchgangsbohrungen in den Hohlkammerwänden des anderen Tragprofilteils 14 eingeführten Befestigungsschrauben 24 bestehen.The
Die Formschale 16 wird auch zur Herstellung von Zellmodulen benutzt, die - wie die Dachmodule 2.1 - eine einseitig gekrümmte Querschnittskonfiguration aufweisen. Für diesen Zweck wird die Formschale 16, z. B. durch entsprechende Profilschablonen, in den gewünschten, elastisch verformten Zustand an der Abstützvorrichtung 18 fixiert, woraufhin der gekrümmte Zellmodul in gleicher Weise wie der oben beschriebene, ebene Zellmodul hergestellt wird, abgesehen davon, daß natürlich entsprechend vorgebogene Tragprofilteile 10 benötigt werden.The molded
Zusammengefügt werden die einzelnen Zellmodule über passgenaue Steckverbindungen, die sich großflächig über den gesamten Außenumfang der Zellmodule erstrecken. Zu diesem Zweck sind die randseitigen Tragprofilteile 12 und 14 nur über einen Teil ihrer Profilbreite mit den Deckschichten 4, 6 verklebt und werden über ihre deckschichtfreien Profilabschnitte mit dem randseitigen Tragprofilteil 12 bzw. 14 des benachbarten Zellmoduls lastübertragend verkoppelt. In Fig. 4 ist eine derartige Pass-Fügeverbindung zwischen Boden- und Seitenwandmodul 2.2 und 2.4 gezeigt. Die Doppelkammer-Tragprofilteile 14, die die äußere, unter Zwischenlage des Ausgleichsklebers oder -schaums 26 an den Wabenkern 8 angrenzende Randeinfassung des Zellmoduls bilden, sind etwa nur über die Hälfte ihrer Profilbreite in die Sanwichstruktur einbe zogen und werden mit Hilfe eines Steckverbindungsprofils 28, das auf die deckschichtfreien Hohlkammer-Profilabschnitte aufgeschoben und mit diesen flächig verklebt wird, fest miteinander verbunden, wobei die freien Profilschenkel des Verbindungsprofils 28 im zusammengefügten Zustand bündig an den Deckschichten 4, 6 der Zellmodule 2.2 bzw. 2.4 anliegen.The individual cell modules are assembled using precisely fitting plug connections that extend over a large area over the entire outer circumference of the cell modules. For this purpose, the edge-side
Bei der in Fig. 5 gezeigten Pass-Fügeverbindung zwischen Dach- und Seitenwandmodul 2.1, 2.3 ist als randseitiges Tragprofilteil des Dachmoduls 2.1 ein einseitig offenes Hohlkammerprofil 30 vorgesehen, dessen freie Profilschenkel 32 beim Zusammenfügen der Zellmodule 2.1, 2.3 engsitzend auf das randseitige Gegenprofil 14 des Seitenwandmoduls 2.3 aufschiebbar sind, so daß die Randprofile 14, 30 wiederum unter exakter gegenseitiger Fixierung der zugehörigen Zellmodule 2.1 und 2.3 miteinander verklebt werden können.In the pass-fit connection shown in FIG. 5 between the roof and side wall modules 2.1, 2.3, a
Die beschriebenen, aus in seitlicher Richtung passgenau zusammenschiebbaren und dann miteinander verklebten Randprofilteilen 12, 14, 30 bestehenden Fügeverbindungen werden in analoger Weise auch zwischen den übrigen Zellmodulen,etwa zwischen den Dach- und Stirnwandmodulen oder zum Einfügen von Zwischenwandmodulen 2.4 (Fig. 1) verwendet. In Bereichen einer örtlichen Spannungskonzentration, für die die Festigkeit der Klebeverbindung nicht ausreicht, können die Traggerüstteile 10 mit den Deckschichten 4, 6 oder - an den Passfügeverbindungen zwischen den Zellmodulen - untereinander zusätzlich noch vernietet oder verschraubt werden.The joint connections described, consisting of
Fig. 5 zeigt ferner die Möglichkeit, den Zellmodul mit einer gegenüber der Profilhöhe der randseitigen Tragprofilteile unterschiedlichen Wanddicke auszubilden, derart, daß durch Einfügen entsprechender Wabenkernstreifen 8.2 bei der Zellmodulfertigung ein allmählicher Übergang von der Sandwichdicke zur Profilhöhe des randseitigen Tragprofilteils 14 erreicht wird.Fig. 5 also shows the possibility of forming the cell module with a different wall thickness compared to the profile height of the edge-side support profile parts, such that by inserting appropriate honeycomb core strips 8.2 in cell module production a gradual transition from the sandwich thickness to the profile height of the edge-side
In gleicher Weise wie die Tragprofilteile 10 werden auch die Fenster- und Türrahmenprofile 34 und 36 in die Sandwichstruktur 2 mitintegriert, wie die Fig. 6a, b zeigt. Dabei sind Sichtradien an den Ecken der Fenster- bzw. Türausschnitte bereits an den Rahmenprofilen 34, 36 ausgebildet, und überschüssiges Deckschichtmaterial wird nach dem Verkleben der Sandwichstruktur 2 durch Besäumen längs der Rahmenprofilkanten maßgenau entfernt. Die Fensterscheiben 38 werden zusammen mit einer Gummidichtung 40 und einer Randeinfassung 42 nachträglich an den Rahmenprofilen 34 befestigt. Das Türrahmenprofil 36 enthält einen einstückig angeformten, den Türanschlag bildenden Profilabschnitt 44 (Fig. 6b); wahlweise kann das Türrahmenprofil 36 jedoch auch - längs der in Fig. 6b gestrichelten Trennungslinie - zweiteilig ausgebildet sein und der Profilabschnitt 44 erst nach Fertigstellung des Seitenwandmoduls 2.3 am Türrahmenprofil 36 befestigt werden.In the same way as the
Gemäß einer Fertigungsvariante für die Zellmodule wird auf eine vorherige Aushärtung der Deckschichten 4, 6 verzichtet, und statt dessen werden diese im noch ungehärteten Zustand zusammen mit den Wabenkern- und Traggerüstteilen 8, 10 auf das Formwerkzeug 16, 18 aufgelegt und dann unter gleichzeitiger Verklebung der Sandwichstruktur ausgehärtet. In diesem Fall empfiehlt es sich allerdings, die Außenfläche zumindest einer, vorzugsweise der inneren Deckschicht 4 mit einer vorgehärteten, beim Aushärten des Deckschichtmaterials integral mit diesem verklebten Außenhaut zu belegen.According to a production variant for the cell modules, the
Claims (13)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Fahrzeugzelle aus einzeln fertiggestellten Zellmodulen (2) aufgebaut ist, die jeweils in Integralbauweise als Sandwichstruktur mit im Bereich der Stützschicht (8) eingefügten, an den Deckschichten (4, 6) befestigten Traggerüstteilen (10, 12, 14, 30) ausgebildet und randseitig an den Traggerüstteilen mit Passverbindungen (28, 32) zum Zusammenfügen der Zellmodule versehen sind.1. Vehicle cell, in particular for a rail vehicle, consisting of a supporting frame and sandwich parts attached to it, each of which contains an outer and an inner cover layer and a support layer glued between them,
characterized in that
The vehicle cell is constructed from individually finished cell modules (2), each of which is constructed in an integral construction as a sandwich structure with supporting frame parts (10, 12, 14, 30) inserted in the area of the supporting layer (8) and fastened to the cover layers (4, 6) are provided on the supporting frame parts with fitting connections (28, 32) for joining the cell modules.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Passverbindungen(28, 32) aus lastübertragend miteinander verkoppelten Steckverbindungselementenbestehen.2. Vehicle cell according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the mating connections (28, 32) consist of plug-in connection elements which are coupled to each other for load transfer.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Pass- bzw. Steckverbindungselemente (28, 32) miteinander verklebt sind.3. Vehicle cell according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the fitting or connector elements (28, 32) are glued together.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT89117089T ATE90631T1 (en) | 1988-11-15 | 1989-09-15 | VEHICLE CELL. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3838686A DE3838686C2 (en) | 1988-11-15 | 1988-11-15 | Vehicle compartment |
DE3838686 | 1988-11-15 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0369134A1 true EP0369134A1 (en) | 1990-05-23 |
EP0369134B1 EP0369134B1 (en) | 1993-06-16 |
Family
ID=6367223
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89117089A Expired - Lifetime EP0369134B1 (en) | 1988-11-15 | 1989-09-15 | Vehicle body |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US5042395A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0369134B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH0639254B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR900007673A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE90631T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE3838686C2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2041383T3 (en) |
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- 1989-09-15 DE DE8989117089T patent/DE58904721D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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EP0489294A1 (en) * | 1990-12-05 | 1992-06-10 | Inventio Ag | Body for railway vehicles |
EP0544498B1 (en) * | 1991-11-25 | 1997-09-17 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Body structure of railroad car |
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US5997075A (en) * | 1994-11-14 | 1999-12-07 | Dunder Trading I Haparanda Aktiebolag | Beam and vehicle body structure |
EP0898535B1 (en) * | 1996-05-13 | 2000-03-01 | Siemens Duewag Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH | Coach body of railway vehicle |
EP0846606A1 (en) * | 1996-12-05 | 1998-06-10 | Deutsche Waggonbau AG | Segmented shell construction with float mounted liner |
DE10009106C1 (en) * | 2000-02-21 | 2001-06-07 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Walls for passenger vehicles are produced in a differential construction with a stiffening material bonded to the outer planking covered by a ribbed structure secured by cold fastening using punched rivets |
EP1800986A2 (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2007-06-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Linking system for a wall or floor structure |
EP1800986A3 (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2008-07-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Linking system for a wall or floor structure |
EP1839989A3 (en) * | 2006-03-28 | 2008-12-17 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Rail vehicle, manufacturing method thereof, and hollow shape member used for the same |
WO2008031607A1 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2008-03-20 | Bombardier Transportation Gmbh | Rail vehicle roof |
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EP2977287A1 (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2016-01-27 | ALSTOM Transport Technologies | Structural panel for a railway vehicle body and assembling method thereof |
FR3024117A1 (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2016-01-29 | Alstom Transp Tech | STRUCTURAL WALLS FOR A RAILWAY VEHICLE FUND, ASSEMBLY METHOD AND RAILWAY VEHICLE THEREFOR |
CN105292152A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2016-02-03 | 阿尔斯通运输技术公司 | Structural panel for a railway vehicle body, assembling method thereof and the railway vehicle |
CN105292152B (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2019-05-07 | 阿尔斯通运输技术公司 | For the structural walls of railway car, relevant assemble method and rolling stock |
EP3932771A4 (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2022-11-30 | Crrc Qingdao Sifang Co., Ltd. | Rail vehicle, driver's cabin and composite aluminum plate assembly |
WO2022135880A1 (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-06-30 | Siemens Mobility GmbH | Process for the modular manufacturing of rough bodywork of a rail vehicle, and rough bodywork |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2041383T3 (en) | 1993-11-16 |
EP0369134B1 (en) | 1993-06-16 |
KR900007673A (en) | 1990-06-01 |
DE3838686A1 (en) | 1990-05-17 |
JPH02193760A (en) | 1990-07-31 |
ATE90631T1 (en) | 1993-07-15 |
US5042395A (en) | 1991-08-27 |
DE3838686C2 (en) | 1993-10-21 |
DE58904721D1 (en) | 1993-07-22 |
JPH0639254B2 (en) | 1994-05-25 |
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