EP0363860A2 - Method for simultaneously grinding and cooling solid substances - Google Patents

Method for simultaneously grinding and cooling solid substances Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0363860A2
EP0363860A2 EP89118670A EP89118670A EP0363860A2 EP 0363860 A2 EP0363860 A2 EP 0363860A2 EP 89118670 A EP89118670 A EP 89118670A EP 89118670 A EP89118670 A EP 89118670A EP 0363860 A2 EP0363860 A2 EP 0363860A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
shut
cooling
container
substances
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89118670A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0363860A3 (en
EP0363860B1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Schmidtke
Franz Dipl.-Ing.(Fh) Garnreiter
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Linde Gas AG
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Linde GmbH
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Priority to AT89118670T priority Critical patent/ATE103842T1/en
Publication of EP0363860A2 publication Critical patent/EP0363860A2/en
Publication of EP0363860A3 publication Critical patent/EP0363860A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/065—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within rotatable bowls, e.g. meat cutters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the simultaneous comminution and cooling of solid substances by means of a cutting mixer, the cutting mixer being evacuated in at least one vacuum phase and cryogenic liquefied gas being introduced into the cutting mixer in at least one cooling phase, and a device for carrying out the method.
  • a cutting machine for example, meat parts are crushed into sausage meat or cocoa pods into a base for chocolate production and mixed.
  • the substances to be processed are placed in a container for this purpose has a comminution and / or mixing device.
  • the substances are usually placed in a bowl rotating in a machine frame.
  • the bowl is placed on a vertical rotary shaft, which is driven by an electric motor, for example. Through this rotating bowl, the substances are transported into a cutting room, in which knives run at high peripheral speeds. By repeatedly passing the substances through the cutting area, they are crushed and mixed.
  • EP-A-0195 919 describes, for example, a cutter with a pressure-resistant and gas-tight sealable cutter container for receiving tissue parts.
  • the container is first evacuated in a vacuum phase in order to exclude negative influences of the atmospheric oxygen on the tissue parts to be treated and to open the cell tissue.
  • cryogenic liquefied gas is introduced directly into the tissue parts using an injector.
  • the gas evaporating in the container is not removed, considerable problems arise in the vicinity of the cutter, e.g. due to increased fog formation.
  • the nitrogen gas accumulating in the container causes a constantly increasing overpressure in the container, which e.g. can cause problems when opening the container.
  • the present invention has for its object to design a method of the type mentioned and an apparatus for performing the method so that the problems described do not occur.
  • This object is achieved in that exhaust gas generated during the cooling phase is drawn off. This can prevent impairments in the vicinity of the cutting mixer.
  • the exhaust gas is preferably drawn off via a shut-off valve which is kept closed during the vacuum phase and opened at the beginning of the cooling phase. In this way it is ensured that, on the one hand, a sufficient vacuum is achieved or maintained during the vacuum phase and, on the other hand, sufficient cooling of the substances is achieved during the cooling phase.
  • the invention thus optimizes both process flows in a simple and technically elegant manner.
  • the shut-off valve is opened and closed via a pneumatically controlled locking piston.
  • a shut-off valve comes into play Application that has a locking piston displaceably arranged in a valve housing.
  • the exhaust gas is introduced into the valve housing through an opening and out again through a second opening.
  • the locking piston is pneumatically displaced towards the first opening until it closes the opening.
  • the locking piston is pushed back, so that a flow path of the exhaust gas from one to the second opening of the valve housing is exposed.
  • the exhaust gas is expediently drawn off by means of a fan.
  • Liquid nitrogen is preferably used as the cryogenic liquefied gas.
  • Nitrogen is to be regarded as an inert gas compared to animal or vegetable tissue parts, so that there is no impairment of product-specific properties. Adequate cooling temperature is also ensured through the use of liquid nitrogen.
  • the present invention offers advantages in particular in the processing of animal and / or vegetable tissue parts.
  • By reliably maintaining the vacuum during the vacuum phase negative influences of the atmospheric oxygen are successfully eliminated on the one hand, which results in an improved quality of the processed tissue parts, ie the sausage, the cocoa pods, etc.
  • a rapid temperature reduction is achieved, which also benefits the quality of the substances processed.
  • the invention can also be used in the shredding of rubber parts, plastic parts and similar materials.
  • a device for carrying out the method has a pressure-tight, gas-tight sealable container which is connected to a vacuum pump and holds the substances. At least one shredding and / or mixing device is arranged in the container. The container also has an inlet for cryogenic liquefied gas.
  • the container has an exhaust gas discharge line which is connected to a valve housing of a shut-off valve via a supply nozzle.
  • the valve housing has a discharge nozzle, via which the exhaust gas leaves the valve housing again.
  • an axially displaceable locking piston which can be displaced in the direction of the feed nozzle so far that it closes it. In the opposite direction, the locking piston is displaceable to such an extent that a flow path between the supply nozzle and the discharge nozzle is open.
  • the locking piston is connected to a pressure cylinder through which the locking piston can be moved.
  • the printing cylinder expediently has supply lines for pressure-supplying agents.
  • the pressure cylinder can be used for example with compressed air, pressurized oil, etc. via these supply lines. be supplied.
  • the cutter shown schematically in Figure 1 has an annular container 2 which is rotatable about a vertical axis 3 and can be driven by a motor, not shown.
  • a rotatable knife set 4 is arranged in the container 2, the horizontal axis of which lies above the edge of the container 2.
  • At another location of the container 2 there is a supply nozzle 1 for the supply of liquid nitrogen.
  • the feed nozzle 1 is connected via a feed line 7 to a storage tank (not shown) for cryogenic liquefied gas.
  • the container 2 is sealed gas-tight and pressure-resistant.
  • the container interior 13 is connected to a vacuum pump 10 via line 9.
  • the container 2 has an exhaust pipe 11, which is connected to a shut-off valve 12.
  • a line 15 leads from the shut-off valve 12 to a fan 14.
  • the container 2 is first evacuated by means of the vacuum pump 10.
  • the shut-off valve 12 is closed. If the desired vacuum, which is dependent on the tissue parts to be processed, has been reached, the vacuum pump 10 is switched off. The liquid nitrogen is then introduced into the container 2 via the feed nozzle 1. The vacuum is released by the nitrogen evaporating in container 2.
  • the shut-off valve 12 is opened. The exhaust gas generated during the cooling phase is extracted by the fan 14 via the line 11, the open shut-off valve 12 and the line 15.
  • the shut-off valve which is only indicated in FIG. 1, is shown in more detail in FIG.
  • the shut-off valve has a valve housing 21, on which a supply connection 22 for supplying the exhaust gas into the valve housing 21 is attached.
  • a discharge connection 23 is connected to the valve housing 21 perpendicular to the supply connection 22, via which the exhaust gas can be drawn off from the valve housing 21.
  • a blocking piston 24 which is axially displaceable to the supply nozzle 22 is arranged in the valve housing 21, a blocking piston 24 which is axially displaceable to the supply nozzle 22 is arranged.
  • the locking piston 24 is connected to a pressure cylinder 25 through which it can be moved.
  • the pressure cylinder 25 has supply lines 26 for pressure-supplying agents, e.g. Compressed air, on.
  • shut-off piston 24 When the shut-off valve is operating, the shut-off piston 24 is displaced in the direction of the supply nozzle 22 at the beginning of the vacuum phase so that it is closed. Therefore, no exhaust gas can escape from the cutter container via the shut-off valve. To At the beginning of the cooling phase, the locking piston is then moved in the opposite direction to such an extent that the supply nozzle 22 and the discharge nozzle 23 are connected. The exhaust gas can now escape from the cutter tank via the shut-off valve.
  • valve housing is designed to be rotatable, so that the discharge nozzle 23 can be rotated through 360 ° about the axis of the supply nozzle 22. In this way, the greatest possible adaptation to different cutters is possible.
  • the valve housing 21 can be removed after loosening a simple clip spring 27, so that the interior of the shut-off valve is easily accessible for cleaning or repairs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the simultaneous grinding and cooling of solid substances by means of a cutting mixer. The cutting mixer is evacuated in at least one vacuum stage, and refrigerated liquefied gas is introduced into the cutting mixer in at least one cooling stage. In order to optimise the method, it is proposed to draw off the waste gas arising during the cooling stage. A waste gas valve 12 is to this end advantageously installed which is closed before the end of the vacuum stage and opens after the latter is complete in order to draw off the waste gas arising during the cooling. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum gleichzeitigen Zerkleinern und Kühlen von festen Substanzen mittels eines Schneidmischers, wobei in mindestens einer Vakuumphase der Schneidmischer evakuiert wird, und in mindestens einer Kühlphase tiefkaltes verflüssigtes Gas in den Schneidmischer eingeleitet wird, sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for the simultaneous comminution and cooling of solid substances by means of a cutting mixer, the cutting mixer being evacuated in at least one vacuum phase and cryogenic liquefied gas being introduced into the cutting mixer in at least one cooling phase, and a device for carrying out the method.

Zum Zerkleinern von organischen bzw. anorganischen Substanzen aller Art, insbesondere zur Verarbeitung von Gewebeteilen, tierischer und/oder pflanzlicher Natur, zu Brät, Granulat etc. benutzt man überlicherweise eine Schneidmaschine, die "Schneidmischer" oder "Kutter" genannt wird. In einem Kutter werden beispielsweise Fleischteile zu Wurstbrät oder Kakaofrüchte zu einer Grundmasse für die Schokoladenherstellung zerkleinert und gemischt. Die zu verarbeitenden Substanzen werden hierzu bekanntermaßen in einen Behälter eingegeben, der eine Zerkleinerungs- und/oder Mischeinrichtung aufweist. Üblicherweise werden die Substanzen in eine in einem Maschinengestell rotierende Schüssel gegeben. Die Schüssel steckt auf einer vertikalen Drehwelle, die z.B. von einem Elektromotor angetrieben wird. Durch diese rotierende Schüssel werden die Substanzen in einen Schneidraum, in welchem Messer mit hoher Umfangsgeschwindigkeit laufen, transportiert. Durch mehrmaliges Durchführen der Substanzen durch den Schneidraum werden diese zerkleinert und durchmischt.For the comminution of organic or inorganic substances of all kinds, in particular for processing tissue parts, of animal and / or vegetable nature, into sausage meat, granules etc., a cutting machine is usually used, which is called a "cutting mixer" or "cutter". In a cutter, for example, meat parts are crushed into sausage meat or cocoa pods into a base for chocolate production and mixed. As is known, the substances to be processed are placed in a container for this purpose has a comminution and / or mixing device. The substances are usually placed in a bowl rotating in a machine frame. The bowl is placed on a vertical rotary shaft, which is driven by an electric motor, for example. Through this rotating bowl, the substances are transported into a cutting room, in which knives run at high peripheral speeds. By repeatedly passing the substances through the cutting area, they are crushed and mixed.

Die Einbringung mechanischer Energie durch die rotierenden Messer ist zwangsläufig mit einem Temperaturanstieg der zu zerkleinernden Substanzen verbunden. Dies ist jedoch gerade bei der Verarbeitung tierischer und/oder pflanzlicher Gewebeteile unerwünscht, da z.B. Fette bei den hierbei erreichbaren Temperaturen schmelzen und Denaturierungen an Eiweißteilen auftreten können. Andererseits sollen die Substanzen oft auch schon während des Zerkleinerungsvorgangs tiefgekühlt und konserviert werden.The introduction of mechanical energy by the rotating knives is inevitably associated with an increase in the temperature of the substances to be shredded. However, this is undesirable especially when processing animal and / or vegetable tissue parts, since e.g. Melt fats at the temperatures that can be reached and denaturations on protein parts can occur. On the other hand, the substances should often be frozen and preserved even during the grinding process.

Daher wird üblicherweise ein Kältemittel in den Behälter eingeleitet. Die EP-A-0195 919 beschreibt z.B. einen Kutter mit einem druckfesten und gasdicht verschließbar ausgebildeten Kutterbehälter zur Aufnahme von Gewebeteilen. Der Behälter wird in einer Vakuumphase zunächst evakuiert, um negative Einflüsse des Luftsauerstoffs auf die zu behandelnden Gewebeteile auszuschließen und eine Öffnung des Zellgewebes zu bewirken. In einer nachfolgenden Kühlphase wird tiefkaltes verflüssigtes Gas mittels eines Injektors direkt in die Gewebeteile eingebracht.Therefore, a refrigerant is usually introduced into the container. EP-A-0195 919 describes, for example, a cutter with a pressure-resistant and gas-tight sealable cutter container for receiving tissue parts. The container is first evacuated in a vacuum phase in order to exclude negative influences of the atmospheric oxygen on the tissue parts to be treated and to open the cell tissue. In a subsequent cooling phase, cryogenic liquefied gas is introduced directly into the tissue parts using an injector.

Bei mangelnder Abfuhr des im Behälter verdampfenden Gases treten erhebliche Probleme im Umfeld des Kutters z.B. durch vermehrte Nebelbildung auf. Außerdem bewirkt das sich im Behälter ansammelnde Stickstoffgas einen ständig steigenden Überdruck im Behälter, was z.B. beim Öffnen des Behälters Probleme mit sich bringen kann.If the gas evaporating in the container is not removed, considerable problems arise in the vicinity of the cutter, e.g. due to increased fog formation. In addition, the nitrogen gas accumulating in the container causes a constantly increasing overpressure in the container, which e.g. can cause problems when opening the container.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs gennanten Art sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens so auszugestalten, daß die geschilderten Probleme nicht auftreten.The present invention has for its object to design a method of the type mentioned and an apparatus for performing the method so that the problems described do not occur.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß während der Kühlphase enstehendes Abgas abgezogen wird. Damit können Beeinträchtigungen im Umfeld des Schneidmischers verhindert werden.This object is achieved in that exhaust gas generated during the cooling phase is drawn off. This can prevent impairments in the vicinity of the cutting mixer.

Bevorzugterweise wird das Abgas über ein Absperrventil abgezogen, das während der Vakuumphase geschlossen gehalten und zu Beginn der Kühlphase geöffnet wird. Auf diese Weise wird sichergestellt, daß einerseits während der Vakuumphase ein ausreichendes Vakuum erreicht bzw. aufrechterhalten wird und andererseits während der Kühlphase eine ausreichende Abkühlung der Substanzen erzielt wird. Durch die Erfindung werden also beide Prozeßabläufe auf einfache und technisch elegante Weise optimiert.The exhaust gas is preferably drawn off via a shut-off valve which is kept closed during the vacuum phase and opened at the beginning of the cooling phase. In this way it is ensured that, on the one hand, a sufficient vacuum is achieved or maintained during the vacuum phase and, on the other hand, sufficient cooling of the substances is achieved during the cooling phase. The invention thus optimizes both process flows in a simple and technically elegant manner.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß das Öffnen und Schließen des Absperrventils über einen pneumatisch gesteuerten Sperrkolben erfolgt. Dabei kommt ein Absperrventil zur Anwendung, das einen in einem Ventilgehäuse verschiebbar angeordneten Sperrkolben aufweist. Das Abgas wird durch eine Öffnung in das Ventilgehäuse eingeleitet und durch eine zweite Öffnung wieder herausgeführt. Während der Vakuumphase wird der Sperrkolben pneumatisch soweit in Richtung auf die erste Öffnung verschoben, daß er die Öffnung verschließt. Zu Beginn der Kühlphase wird der Sperrkolben zurückgeschoben, sodaß ein Strömungsweg des Abgases von der einen zur zweiten Öffnung des Ventilgehäuses freigelegt wird. Das Abgas wird zweckmäßigerweise mittels eines Ventilators abgezogen.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the shut-off valve is opened and closed via a pneumatically controlled locking piston. A shut-off valve comes into play Application that has a locking piston displaceably arranged in a valve housing. The exhaust gas is introduced into the valve housing through an opening and out again through a second opening. During the vacuum phase, the locking piston is pneumatically displaced towards the first opening until it closes the opening. At the beginning of the cooling phase, the locking piston is pushed back, so that a flow path of the exhaust gas from one to the second opening of the valve housing is exposed. The exhaust gas is expediently drawn off by means of a fan.

Bevorzugterweise wird als tiefkaltes verflüssigtes Gas flüssiger Stickstoff verwendet. Stickstoff ist gegenüber tierischen oder pflanzlichen Gewebeteilen als inertes Gas anzusehen, sodaß keine Beeinträchtigungen produktspezifischer Eigenschaften auftreten. Außerdem ist durch die Anwendung flüssigen Stickstoffs eine ausreichende Kühltemperatur sichergestellt.Liquid nitrogen is preferably used as the cryogenic liquefied gas. Nitrogen is to be regarded as an inert gas compared to animal or vegetable tissue parts, so that there is no impairment of product-specific properties. Adequate cooling temperature is also ensured through the use of liquid nitrogen.

Die vorliegende Erfindung bietet insbesondere bei der Verabeitung von tierischen und/oder pflanzlichen Gewebeteilen Vorteile. Durch die sichere Aufrechterhaltung des Vakuums während der Vakuumphase werden einerseits negative Einflüsse des Luftsauerstoffs erfolgreich ausgeschaltet, wodurch sich eine verbesserte Qualität der verarbeiteten Gewebeteile, d.h. der Wurst, der Kakaofrüchte etc., ergibt. Andererseits wird eine schnelle Temperaturabsenkung erreicht, was ebenfalls der Qualität der verarbeiteten Substanzen zugute kommt.The present invention offers advantages in particular in the processing of animal and / or vegetable tissue parts. By reliably maintaining the vacuum during the vacuum phase, negative influences of the atmospheric oxygen are successfully eliminated on the one hand, which results in an improved quality of the processed tissue parts, ie the sausage, the cocoa pods, etc. On the other hand, a rapid temperature reduction is achieved, which also benefits the quality of the substances processed.

Die Erfindung ist aber auch bei der Zerkleinerung von Gummiteilen, Plastikteilen und ähnlichen Materialien anwendbar.However, the invention can also be used in the shredding of rubber parts, plastic parts and similar materials.

Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens weist einen druckfesten, gasdicht verschließbaren und mit einer Vakummpumpe in Verbindung stehenden Behälter zur Aufnahme der Substanzen auf. Im Behälter ist mindestens eine Zerkleinerungs- und/oder Mischeinrichtung angeordnet. Außerdem verfügt der Behälter über eine Zuführung für tiefkaltes verflüssigtes Gas.A device for carrying out the method has a pressure-tight, gas-tight sealable container which is connected to a vacuum pump and holds the substances. At least one shredding and / or mixing device is arranged in the container. The container also has an inlet for cryogenic liquefied gas.

Erfindungsgemäß weist der Behälter eine Abgasableitung auf, die über einen Zufuhrstutzen mit einem Ventilgehäuse eines Absperrventils in Verbindung steht. Das Ventilgehäuse weist einen Abfuhrstutzen auf, über den das Abgas das Ventilgehäuse wieder verläßt. In dem Ventilgehäuse ist ein axial zum Zufuhrstutzen verschiebbarer Sperrkolben angeordnet, der in Richtung zum Zufuhrstutzen hin soweit verschiebbar ist, daß er diesen verschließt. In entgegengesetzter Richtung ist der Sperrkolben soweit verschiebbar, daß ein Strömungsweg zwischen Zufuhrstutzen und Abfuhrstutzen geöffnet ist.According to the invention, the container has an exhaust gas discharge line which is connected to a valve housing of a shut-off valve via a supply nozzle. The valve housing has a discharge nozzle, via which the exhaust gas leaves the valve housing again. Arranged in the valve housing is an axially displaceable locking piston which can be displaced in the direction of the feed nozzle so far that it closes it. In the opposite direction, the locking piston is displaceable to such an extent that a flow path between the supply nozzle and the discharge nozzle is open.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung steht der Sperrkolben mit einem Druckzylinder in Verbindung, durch den der Sperrkolben verschoben werden kann. Der Druckzylinder weist zweckmäßigerweise Zufuhrleitungen für druckliefernde Mittel auf. Über diese Zufuhrleitungen kann der Druckzylinder z.B. mit Druckluft, unter Druck stehendem Öl ect. versorgt werden.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the locking piston is connected to a pressure cylinder through which the locking piston can be moved. The printing cylinder expediently has supply lines for pressure-supplying agents. The pressure cylinder can be used for example with compressed air, pressurized oil, etc. via these supply lines. be supplied.

Im folgenden soll die Erfindung anhand eines in den Zeichnungen schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert werden:The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment schematically illustrated in the drawings:

Es zeigen

  • Figur 1 einen Kutter mit angeschlossener Vakuumpumpe und Abgasableitung
  • Figur 2 ein Absperrventil mit Sperrkolben
Show it
  • Figure 1 shows a cutter with a connected vacuum pump and exhaust pipe
  • Figure 2 shows a shut-off valve with a locking piston

Der in Figur 1 schematisch dargestellte Kutter besitzt einen ringförmigen Behälter 2, der um eine senkrechte Achse 3 drehbar ist und von einem nicht dargestellten Motor angetrieben werden kann. Im Behälter 2 ist ein drehbarer Messersatz 4 angeordnet, dessen horizontale Achse oberhalb des Randes des Behälters 2 liegt. An einer anderen Stelle des Behälters 2 ist eine Zufuhrdüse 1 für die Zufuhr von flüssigem Stickstoff angeordnet. Die Zufuhrdüse 1 ist über eine Zufuhrleitung 7 mit einem nicht dargestellten Vorratstank für tiefkaltes verflüssigtes Gas verbunden. Der Behälter 2 ist gasdicht verschlossen und druckfest ausgebildet. Über Leitung 9 steht der Behälterinnenraum 13 mit einer Vakuumpumpe 10 in Verbindung. Außerdem weist der Behälter 2 eine Abgasableitung 11 auf, die mit einem Absperrventil 12 verbunden ist. Vom Absperrventil 12 führt eine Leitung 15 weiter zu einem Ventilator 14.The cutter shown schematically in Figure 1 has an annular container 2 which is rotatable about a vertical axis 3 and can be driven by a motor, not shown. A rotatable knife set 4 is arranged in the container 2, the horizontal axis of which lies above the edge of the container 2. At another location of the container 2 there is a supply nozzle 1 for the supply of liquid nitrogen. The feed nozzle 1 is connected via a feed line 7 to a storage tank (not shown) for cryogenic liquefied gas. The container 2 is sealed gas-tight and pressure-resistant. The container interior 13 is connected to a vacuum pump 10 via line 9. In addition, the container 2 has an exhaust pipe 11, which is connected to a shut-off valve 12. A line 15 leads from the shut-off valve 12 to a fan 14.

Beim Betrieb des in Figur 1 dargestellten Kutters werden frische Gewebeteile 6 bis zur Füllhöhe 8 in den Behälter 2 eingefüllt. In der Vakuumphase wird zunächst der Behälter 2 mittels der Vakuumpumpe 10 evakuiert. Hierzu wird das Absperrventil 12 geschlossen. Ist das gewünschte, von den zu verarbeitenden Gewebeteilen abhängige Vakuum erreicht, wird die Vakuumpumpe 10 abgeschaltet. Anschließend wird der flüssige Stickstoff über die Zufuhrdüse 1 in den Behälter 2 eingeleitet. Durch den im Behälter 2 verdampfenden Stickstoff wird das Vakuum aufgehoben. Das Absperrventil 12 wird geöffnet. Das während der Kühlphase entstehende Abgas wird vom Ventilator 14 über die Leitung 11, das geöffnete Absperrventil 12 und die Leitung 15 abgesaugt.When operating the cutter shown in Figure 1, fresh tissue parts 6 are filled up to the fill level 8 in the Container 2 filled. In the vacuum phase, the container 2 is first evacuated by means of the vacuum pump 10. For this purpose, the shut-off valve 12 is closed. If the desired vacuum, which is dependent on the tissue parts to be processed, has been reached, the vacuum pump 10 is switched off. The liquid nitrogen is then introduced into the container 2 via the feed nozzle 1. The vacuum is released by the nitrogen evaporating in container 2. The shut-off valve 12 is opened. The exhaust gas generated during the cooling phase is extracted by the fan 14 via the line 11, the open shut-off valve 12 and the line 15.

In Figur 2 ist das in Figur 1 nur angedeutete Absperrventil genauer dargestellt. Das Absperrventil weist ein Ventilgehäuse 21 auf, an dem ein Zufuhrstutzen 22 für die Zufuhr des Abgases in das Ventilgehäuse 21 angebracht ist. Senkrecht zum Zufuhrstutzen 22 ist an dem Ventilgehäuse 21 ein Abfuhrstutzen 23 angeschlossen, über den das Abgas aus dem Ventilgehäuse 21 abgezogen werden kann. In dem Ventilgehäuse 21 ist ein axial zum Zufuhrstutzen 22 verschiebbarer Sperrkolben 24 angeordnet. Der Sperrkolben 24 steht mit einem Druckzylinder 25 in Verbindung, durch den er verschoben werden kann. Der Druckzylinder 25 weist Zufuhrleitungen 26 für druckliefernde Mittel, z.B. Druckluft, auf.The shut-off valve, which is only indicated in FIG. 1, is shown in more detail in FIG. The shut-off valve has a valve housing 21, on which a supply connection 22 for supplying the exhaust gas into the valve housing 21 is attached. A discharge connection 23 is connected to the valve housing 21 perpendicular to the supply connection 22, via which the exhaust gas can be drawn off from the valve housing 21. In the valve housing 21, a blocking piston 24 which is axially displaceable to the supply nozzle 22 is arranged. The locking piston 24 is connected to a pressure cylinder 25 through which it can be moved. The pressure cylinder 25 has supply lines 26 for pressure-supplying agents, e.g. Compressed air, on.

Beim Betrieb des Absperrventils wird zu Beginn der Vakuumphase der Sperrkolben 24 soweit in Richtung zum Zufuhrstutzen 22 hin verschoben, daß dieser verschlossen wird. Es kann somit kein Abgas über das Absperrventil aus dem Kutterbehälter austreten. Zu Beginn der Kühlphase wird dann der Sperrkolben in entgegengesetzer Richtung soweit verschoben, daß der Zufuhrstutzen 22 und der Abfuhrstutzen 23 in Verbindung stehen. Das Abgas kann nun über das Absperrventil aus dem Kutterbehälter entweichen.When the shut-off valve is operating, the shut-off piston 24 is displaced in the direction of the supply nozzle 22 at the beginning of the vacuum phase so that it is closed. Therefore, no exhaust gas can escape from the cutter container via the shut-off valve. To At the beginning of the cooling phase, the locking piston is then moved in the opposite direction to such an extent that the supply nozzle 22 and the discharge nozzle 23 are connected. The exhaust gas can now escape from the cutter tank via the shut-off valve.

Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Ventilgehäuse drehbar ausgebildet, sodaß der Abfuhrstutzen 23 um 360° um die Achse des Zufuhrstutzen 22 gedreht werden kann. Auf diese Weise ist eine größtmögliche Anpassung an unterschiedliche Kutter möglich.In the present exemplary embodiment, the valve housing is designed to be rotatable, so that the discharge nozzle 23 can be rotated through 360 ° about the axis of the supply nozzle 22. In this way, the greatest possible adaptation to different cutters is possible.

Das Ventilgehäuse 21 ist nach Lösen einer einfachen Spangenfeder 27 abnehmbar, sodaß das Innere des Absperrventils zur Reinigung bzw. für Reperaturen leicht zugänglich ist.The valve housing 21 can be removed after loosening a simple clip spring 27, so that the interior of the shut-off valve is easily accessible for cleaning or repairs.

Claims (8)

1. Verfahren zum gleichzeitigen Zerkleinern und Kühlen von festen Substanzen mittels eines Schneidmischers, wobei in mindestens einer anfänglichen Vakuumphase der Schneidmischer evakuiert wird und in mindestens einer Kühlphase tiefkaltes verflüssigtes Gas in den Schneidmischer eingeleitet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß während der Kühlphase entstehendes Abgas abgezogen wird.1. A process for the simultaneous comminution and cooling of solid substances by means of a cutting mixer, the cutting mixer being evacuated in at least one initial vacuum phase and cryogenic liquefied gas being introduced into the cutting mixer in at least one cooling phase, characterized in that exhaust gas formed during the cooling phase is drawn off . 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Abgas über ein Absperrventil (12) abgezogen wird, das während der Vakuumphase geschlossen gehalten und zu Beginn der Kühlphase geöffnet wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the exhaust gas is drawn off via a shut-off valve (12) which is kept closed during the vacuum phase and opened at the beginning of the cooling phase. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Öffnen und Schließen des Absperrventils (12) über einen pneumatisch gesteuerten Sperrkolben (24) erfolgt.3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the opening and closing of the shut-off valve (12) via a pneumatically controlled locking piston (24). 4. Verfahren nach einem der Anspüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als tiefkaltes verflüssigtes Gas flüssiger Stickstoff verwendet wird.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that liquid nitrogen is used as the cryogenic liquefied gas. 5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Substanzen (6) tierische und/oder pflanzliche Gewebeteile verwendet werden.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that animal and / or vegetable tissue parts are used as substances (6). 6. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 mit einem druckfesten, gasdicht verschließbaren und mit einer Vakuumpumpe in Verbindung stehenden Behälter (2) zur Aufnahme der Substanzen (6) und mit mindestens einer Zerkleinerungs- und/oder Mischeinrichtung (4) sowie mindestens einer Zuführung (7) für tiefkaltes verflüssigtes Gas, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Behälter (2) eine Abgasableitung (11) aufweist, die über einen Zufuhrstutzen (22) mit einem Ventilgehäuse (21) eines Absperrventils (12) in Verbindung steht, das einen Abfuhrstutzen (23) aufweist, und in dem Ventilgehäuse (21) ein axial zum Zufuhrstutzen (22) verschiebbarer Sperrkolben (24) angeordnet ist, der in Richtung zum Zufuhrstutzen (22) soweit verschiebbar ist, daß er diesen verschließt, und in entgegengesetzter Richtung soweit verschiebbar ist, daß ein Strömungsweg zwischen Zufuhrstutzen (22) und Abfuhrstutzen (23) geöffnet ist.6. Device for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 5 with a pressure-tight, gas-tight sealable and with a vacuum pump connected container (2) for receiving the substances (6) and with at least one comminution and / or mixing device (4 ) and at least one supply (7) for cryogenic liquefied gas, characterized in that the container (2) has an exhaust gas discharge line (11) which is connected via a supply connection (22) to a valve housing (21) of a shut-off valve (12) , which has a discharge nozzle (23), and in the valve housing (21) an axially displaceable to the feed nozzle (22) locking piston (24) is arranged, which is displaceable in the direction of the feed nozzle (22) to close it, and in opposite direction can be shifted so far that a flow path between the supply nozzle (22) and discharge nozzle (23) is open. 7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sperrkolben (24) mit einem Druckstellzylinder (25) in Verbindung steht.7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the locking piston (24) is connected to a pressure adjusting cylinder (25). 8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druckstellzylinder (25) Zufuhrleitungen (26) für druckliefernde Mittel aufweist.8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the pressure adjusting cylinder (25) has supply lines (26) for pressure-supplying means.
EP89118670A 1988-10-11 1989-10-07 Method for simultaneously grinding and cooling solid substances Expired - Lifetime EP0363860B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89118670T ATE103842T1 (en) 1988-10-11 1989-10-07 PROCESS FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY CRUSHING AND COOLING SOLID SUBSTANCES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3834487 1988-10-11
DE3834487A DE3834487A1 (en) 1988-10-11 1988-10-11 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS CRUSHING AND COOLING OF SOLID SUBSTANCES

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EP0363860A2 true EP0363860A2 (en) 1990-04-18
EP0363860A3 EP0363860A3 (en) 1991-01-23
EP0363860B1 EP0363860B1 (en) 1994-04-06

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EP (1) EP0363860B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE103842T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3834487A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2053903T3 (en)

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WO2005039309A1 (en) * 2003-09-24 2005-05-06 Hermann Hohenester Method and device for the industrial preparation of foodstuffs, foodstuff and food product

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29616620U1 (en) * 1996-09-24 1996-11-14 Neuner, Hans, 95326 Kulmbach Device for multi-stage processing of organic masses, especially meat
DE102006060831A1 (en) * 2006-12-22 2008-06-26 Glass Gmbh & Co. Kg Production of liver sausage comprises applying a vacuum to a composition of meat and fat in the cooling phase so that air inclusions are removed or avoided, the composition is cooled and water vapor is removed
DE102007057805B4 (en) 2007-11-30 2013-06-13 Günter Krüger Method and plant for producing a collagen-containing meat product from animal tissue parts and a meat product

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FR2166922A5 (en) * 1971-11-09 1973-08-17 Seydelmann Horst
FR2485950A1 (en) * 1980-07-01 1982-01-08 Carboxyque Francaise Refrigerated meat mincing machine - has controlled injection of liq. refrigerant to maintain low temp.
US4476686A (en) * 1982-09-29 1984-10-16 The Boc Group, Inc. Methods and apparatus for chilling a product
DE3344521A1 (en) * 1983-12-09 1985-06-20 IGU-Industrie-Gase-Union-GmbH, 7550 Rastatt Process and apparatus for the production of sausagemeat
EP0195919A2 (en) * 1985-02-25 1986-10-01 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for processing and preserving comminuted tissue

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2166922A5 (en) * 1971-11-09 1973-08-17 Seydelmann Horst
FR2485950A1 (en) * 1980-07-01 1982-01-08 Carboxyque Francaise Refrigerated meat mincing machine - has controlled injection of liq. refrigerant to maintain low temp.
US4476686A (en) * 1982-09-29 1984-10-16 The Boc Group, Inc. Methods and apparatus for chilling a product
DE3344521A1 (en) * 1983-12-09 1985-06-20 IGU-Industrie-Gase-Union-GmbH, 7550 Rastatt Process and apparatus for the production of sausagemeat
EP0195919A2 (en) * 1985-02-25 1986-10-01 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for processing and preserving comminuted tissue

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005039309A1 (en) * 2003-09-24 2005-05-06 Hermann Hohenester Method and device for the industrial preparation of foodstuffs, foodstuff and food product

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE58907395D1 (en) 1994-05-11
DE3834487A1 (en) 1990-04-12
EP0363860A3 (en) 1991-01-23
EP0363860B1 (en) 1994-04-06
ATE103842T1 (en) 1994-04-15
ES2053903T3 (en) 1994-08-01

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