EP0361266A2 - Intensificateur d'images de rayons X - Google Patents

Intensificateur d'images de rayons X Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0361266A2
EP0361266A2 EP89117243A EP89117243A EP0361266A2 EP 0361266 A2 EP0361266 A2 EP 0361266A2 EP 89117243 A EP89117243 A EP 89117243A EP 89117243 A EP89117243 A EP 89117243A EP 0361266 A2 EP0361266 A2 EP 0361266A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
image intensifier
screen
ray image
fluorescent screen
ray
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89117243A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0361266A3 (fr
Inventor
Richard Frank
Fritz-Walter Dr. Hofmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0361266A2 publication Critical patent/EP0361266A2/fr
Publication of EP0361266A3 publication Critical patent/EP0361266A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/58—Arrangements for focusing or reflecting ray or beam
    • H01J29/62—Electrostatic lenses
    • H01J29/622—Electrostatic lenses producing fields exhibiting symmetry of revolution
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/50—Image-conversion or image-amplification tubes, i.e. having optical, X-ray, or analogous input, and optical output
    • H01J31/501—Image-conversion or image-amplification tubes, i.e. having optical, X-ray, or analogous input, and optical output with an electrostatic electron optic system

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an X-ray image intensifier for an X-ray diagnostic system with a vacuum vessel with an X-ray-sensitive input luminescent screen located on one end face and with electron optics fed by a voltage source for generating an electric field for focusing the electrons generated when X-ray radiation hits a point of the input luminescent screen to a corresponding one Point of the exit fluorescent screen arranged on the other end face of the X-ray image intensifier.
  • X-ray image intensifiers are used in X-ray diagnostics in order to convert and amplify an X-ray silhouette generated when X-rays are shone through a patient into a visible image.
  • a television recording tube is connected, the output signals of which are fed to a monitor via a television chain.
  • the examination area is displayed as an image on the monitor.
  • a known X-ray image intensifier of the type mentioned is described in the book "Das Röntgenfern Permanent St” by A. Gebauer et al, published in 1974 by Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, on pages 54 to 56.
  • the electrode system has several cylindrical or ring-shaped electrodes with different diameters. A different voltage is applied to each electrode to generate an electric field to focus the electrons generated at a point on the input screen to a corresponding point on the output screen.
  • By the for Deflecting the electrons required high voltage differences between adjacent electrodes causes sudden changes in the electric field, particularly in the vicinity of the cathode, which leads to disturbances in the electron trajectories. In particular, these disturbances lead to distortion errors in the edge region of the exit fluorescent screen and impair the modulation transmission function of the system. They can only be compensated for with great effort by the shape and number of electrodes.
  • an X-ray image intensifier is known in which a focusing electrode is applied as a metallic coating on the inside of the tube wall.
  • a semiconducting coating is applied to the area of the tube wall between the focusing electrode and the anode.
  • the semiconducting material is provided in addition to the focusing electrode.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to design an X-ray image intensifier of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the electrode system is simplified and that the disturbances in the electron tracks are reduced.
  • the object is achieved in that an electrode of the electron optics made of electrical resistance material is applied as a coating on a one-piece electrode carrier forming the jacket of the vacuum vessel and in that a voltage is applied to the coating so that the potential field in the area from the input phosphor screen to the output phosphor screen increases continuously .
  • the advantage of the invention is that the number of electrodes is reduced, the length of the X-ray image intensifier can be shortened, and that the imaging errors are reduced by a potential field that does not change suddenly.
  • the covering is formed by a semiconductor layer and if the specific surface resistance of the covering increases from the entrance fluorescent screen to the exit fluorescent screen.
  • the semiconductor layer can be applied to the electrode carrier by brushing or spraying. Due to the changing specific surface resistance of the coating and the voltage applied to it, the potential field in the area from the input fluorescent screen to the output fluorescent screen changes continuously, so that the disturbances of the electron tracks are small.
  • FIG. 1 shows an X-ray diagnostic device with a high-voltage generator 1 that feeds an X-ray tube 2, in the beam path of which there is a patient 3, from whom a radiation image is generated on the fluorescent screen 4 of an X-ray image intensifier 5.
  • the electrons emerging from the input fluorescent screen 4 are focused by the electrodes of an electron optics 6 onto the output fluorescent screen 7 of the X-ray image intensifier 5.
  • Voltage sources 8 to 10 supply the X-ray image intensifier 5 with the required acceleration and deflection voltages.
  • a conventional television chain with an image recording device 11 with a signal processing unit 12 and with a monitor 13 is connected to the output of the X-ray image intensifier 5.
  • the X-ray image intensifier 5 and the television chain can be used to display the X-ray silhouette generated when the patient 3 is illuminated as an image on the screen of the monitor 13.
  • the jacket of the X-ray image intensifier 5a is conical as an electrode carrier 14a and, in the exemplary embodiment, consists of the glass wall of the X-ray image intensifier 5a.
  • the input luminescent screen 4 with the photocathode is arranged on one end side of the x-ray image intensifier 5a and the output luminescent screen 7 with the anode is arranged on the other end side.
  • a coating 15 made of a material with a high resistance, namely a semiconductor material, is applied on the inside of the electrode carrier 14a, the specific surface resistance of which increases from the input fluorescent screen 4 to the output fluorescent screen 7.
  • the coating 15 may consist, for example, of Cr2O3 + water glass, which is applied to the electrode carrier l4a by brushing or spraying. He But can also consist of a non-conductive granules, such as Al2O3 or TiO2, the targeted amounts of metal granules, such as Cu or Ag, are added.
  • the conductivity of the coating 15 is then dependent on the mixing ratio of the components to one another. The mixing ratio and thus the conductivity of the coating 15 can be changed continuously if the coating 15 is applied, for example, by plasma spraying. In this spraying process, two components can be applied to a carrier in a variable mixing ratio. However, the type and manner of application of the covering 15 to the electrode carrier 14a plays a subordinate role.
  • the covering 15 is adapted to the desired increase in the potential field and that the layer of the covering 15 is applied evenly.
  • two conductors 16, 17 are guided through the wall of the electrode carrier 14a to metallic contact rings 24, 25 which are in contact with the covering 15.
  • the conductors 16, 17 are connected to a voltage source 18.
  • further metallic contact rings can also be provided, each of which is contacted with a further conductor.
  • the covering 15 can, for example, also be subdivided into individual coatings, which are each connected to a voltage source via the metallic contact rings and the conductors. Due to the voltage applied to the covering 15 and the changing resistance of the covering 15, the electrical potential field changes continuously from the input fluorescent screen 4 to the output fluorescent screen 7.
  • the voltage on the covering 15 can vary, for example, from the cathode to the region 19 from OV to +10 V, from the region 19 to the region 20 from +10 V to +50 V and from the region 20 to the region 21 from +50 V to + Change 500 V.
  • the tension and so that the electrical potential thus changes from the cathode of the input fluorescent screen 4 to the anode of the output fluorescent screen 7 in the area between the conductors 16 and 17.
  • FIG. 3 shows, compared to FIG. 2, that the coating 15 on the inner wall of the X-ray image intensifier 5b is applied in a spiral shape to the electrode carrier 14b, the slope of the spiral from the input fluorescent screen 4 to the output fluorescent screen 7 being reduced.
  • the potential field profile from the input luminescent screen 4 to the output luminescent screen 7 depends on the gradient of the spiral and is therefore freely adjustable.
  • the slope of the spiral can also be constant, for example, in the area between the input fluorescent screen 4 and the output fluorescent screen 7. Then the resistance curve of the spiral must be adapted to the desired potential field curve in this area.
  • the covering 15 can be formed, for example, by a spirally wound conductor which is fastened on the electrode carrier 14b. Further possibilities are to insert the covering 15 into a groove cut into the electrode carrier 14b, to apply a spiral mask to the electrode carrier 14b and to apply the covering 15 by spraying, so that the covering 15 remains as a spiral on the electrode carrier 14b after the mask has been removed . It is also possible to apply the covering 15 to the entire inside of the electrode carrier 14b and then to grind it out in a spiral, so that ultimately a spiraling covering 15 remains on the electrode carrier 14b.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 shows, compared to FIGS. 2 and 3, an X-ray image intensifier 5c, the cylindrical jacket of which is stepped.
  • This jacket is formed as an electrode carrier 14c by a one-piece, step-wise cylindrically shaped sheet metal strip, which is connected with one end face to the entrance fluorescent screen 4 and which is fused with the opposite end face into the glass body 22 of the X-ray image intensifier 5c.
  • the voltage can be, for example, O V in the area of the cathode, 10 V in the area 19, 50 V in the area 20 and 500 V in the area 21, for example.
  • the inventive concept is not limited to the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 2 to 4. It is essential that the potential field changes continuously in the area from the input luminescent screen 4 to the output luminescent screen 7, for example it can change linearly or non-linearly, so that a non-abruptly increasing potential field profile with correspondingly distributed equipotential surfaces is established in this area. According to the invention, the potential field in the area from the input fluorescent screen 4 to the output fluorescent screen 7 should not change abruptly.
  • the covering made of electrical resistance material forms the electrode for focusing the electrons of an X-ray image intensifier according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
EP19890117243 1988-09-29 1989-09-18 Intensificateur d'images de rayons X Withdrawn EP0361266A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8812346U DE8812346U1 (de) 1988-09-29 1988-09-29 Röntgenbildverstärker
DE8812346U 1988-09-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0361266A2 true EP0361266A2 (fr) 1990-04-04
EP0361266A3 EP0361266A3 (fr) 1990-11-14

Family

ID=6828445

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890117243 Withdrawn EP0361266A3 (fr) 1988-09-29 1989-09-18 Intensificateur d'images de rayons X

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4996414A (fr)
EP (1) EP0361266A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0250947U (fr)
DE (1) DE8812346U1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4213906A1 (de) * 1992-04-28 1993-11-04 Siemens Ag Roentgenbildverstaerker
EP0721653A1 (fr) * 1993-09-29 1996-07-17 International Standard Electric Corporation Chambre a vide monolithique pour tube intensificateur d'images.

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8903130A (nl) * 1989-12-21 1991-07-16 Philips Nv Helderheidsversterkerbuis met sealverbindingen.
US5780961A (en) * 1993-03-05 1998-07-14 Regents Of The University Of California Ground plane insulating coating for proximity focused devices
JP3492777B2 (ja) * 1993-10-29 2004-02-03 株式会社東芝 放射線イメージ増強管及びその製造方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB471817A (en) * 1935-03-14 1937-09-10 Telefunken Gmbh Improvements in or relating to electron discharge device arrangements
DE1035282B (de) * 1955-09-07 1958-07-31 Dr Fritz Schneider Elektronen- bzw. ionenoptische Linsenanordnung
GB839681A (en) * 1958-02-14 1960-06-29 Rauland Corp Improvements in or relating to electron discharge devices
FR2231103A1 (en) * 1973-05-25 1974-12-20 South African Inventions Electron optical system for image amplifier tubes - has an electrode connection of semiconductor matl

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB499869A (en) * 1937-06-26 1939-01-26 Hans Gerhard Lubszynski Improvements in or relating to electron discharge devices
US3026437A (en) * 1958-10-20 1962-03-20 Rauland Corp Electron discharge device
US3143681A (en) * 1959-12-07 1964-08-04 Gen Electric Spiral electrostatic electron lens
US3417242A (en) * 1965-09-20 1968-12-17 Machlett Lab Inc Image intensification system comprising remote control means for varying the size of the output image
NL149636B (nl) * 1967-06-09 1976-05-17 Optische Ind De Oude Delft Nv Vacuuembuis voor elektronen-optische afbeelding.
JPS4827752B1 (fr) * 1969-12-17 1973-08-25

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB471817A (en) * 1935-03-14 1937-09-10 Telefunken Gmbh Improvements in or relating to electron discharge device arrangements
DE1035282B (de) * 1955-09-07 1958-07-31 Dr Fritz Schneider Elektronen- bzw. ionenoptische Linsenanordnung
GB839681A (en) * 1958-02-14 1960-06-29 Rauland Corp Improvements in or relating to electron discharge devices
FR2231103A1 (en) * 1973-05-25 1974-12-20 South African Inventions Electron optical system for image amplifier tubes - has an electrode connection of semiconductor matl

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4213906A1 (de) * 1992-04-28 1993-11-04 Siemens Ag Roentgenbildverstaerker
EP0721653A1 (fr) * 1993-09-29 1996-07-17 International Standard Electric Corporation Chambre a vide monolithique pour tube intensificateur d'images.
EP0721653A4 (fr) * 1993-09-29 1997-05-28 Int Standard Electric Corp Chambre a vide monolithique pour tube intensificateur d'images.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE8812346U1 (de) 1990-02-01
US4996414A (en) 1991-02-26
JPH0250947U (fr) 1990-04-10
EP0361266A3 (fr) 1990-11-14

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