EP0342403B1 - Calibration for the rolls of roll stands with three or more rolls - Google Patents

Calibration for the rolls of roll stands with three or more rolls Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0342403B1
EP0342403B1 EP89107593A EP89107593A EP0342403B1 EP 0342403 B1 EP0342403 B1 EP 0342403B1 EP 89107593 A EP89107593 A EP 89107593A EP 89107593 A EP89107593 A EP 89107593A EP 0342403 B1 EP0342403 B1 EP 0342403B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pass
rolls
cross
cloverleaf
roll
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EP89107593A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0342403A2 (en
EP0342403A3 (en
Inventor
Claus Schlanzke
Günter Kirchmann
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SMS Siemag AG
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SMS Schloemann Siemag AG
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Priority to AT89107593T priority Critical patent/ATE78725T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/16—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a roll stand with a multi-pass rolling of full cross sections, e.g. Steel bars and wire, used roll calibers, in which the rolls form a cloverleaf profile caliber with curved bulges and indentations within a caliber series including roll calibres, the rollers in the caliber series being alternately offset by half a pitch angle and the number of bulges the cloverleaf profile caliber determines the number of rollers.
  • full cross sections e.g. Steel bars and wire
  • used roll calibers in which the rolls form a cloverleaf profile caliber with curved bulges and indentations within a caliber series including roll calibres, the rollers in the caliber series being alternately offset by half a pitch angle and the number of bulges the cloverleaf profile caliber determines the number of rollers.
  • Such rolls which are arranged in successive roll stands of a rolling mill and form cloverleaf profile calibers, have become known from FR-A 532 438.
  • roller calibers With these roller calibers, almost width-free rolling with pressure deformation can be achieved, which occurs not only in the area of the indentations, but also in the rest of the area of the rolling stock.
  • Rolling mills with four rolls are also known (DE-AS 24 62 279) for converting square billets into octagonal cross sections, which can be used in the same way as round cross sections as the starting material for roughing in a cross-rolling mill with planetary drive. While the square billets are stretched over their four corners by obtuse-angled wedge-shaped or triangular-shaped caliber incisions with a 135 ° surface inclination and exact octagonal corners are formed there, this is not the case at the four diagonally opposite points in the area of the roll gaps. However, since the octagonal billets produced are only an intermediate product for further processing, the deviation of the profile shape from an exact octagonal cross section is meaningless. The focus of this development is based on the basic principle of the cross rolling mill itself, which is a uniform stretching of the rolling stock, i.e. allowed without spread and with all the associated advantages.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that the decrease in thickness or height imposed on the rolling stock during rolling usually goes hand in hand with an increase in length and an increase in width, and that the increase in width is actually a loss deformation, not only because only part of the decrease in height is implemented in extension, but instead Furthermore, the spreading leads to a greater decrease in height in the subsequent passes and thus ultimately to a larger number of passes or number of roll stands.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a calibration for the rolls of a generic roll stand without the disadvantages mentioned, with which an almost width-free rolling is possible in the area of the indentations and in the area of the bulges no or only slight compression deformation of the rolling stock.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that the boundary surfaces of a cloverleaf caliber or round caliber assigned to the dividing planes or rolling gaps run symmetrically to them and at a distance from the center of the caliber that is equal to or somewhat larger than the peripheral surface of the inlet cross section assigned to the boundary surfaces or of the pre-caliber.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the geometry of a cloverleaf caliber in the area of its indentations on the by far largest circumference of the respective inlet cross-section leads to a substantial decrease in height with a corresponding increase in length, which is communicated to the comparatively smaller circumferential zones between the indentations, in which no or no significant spreading or decrease in height take place.
  • a cloverleaf caliber with four protrusions is preferred, which means that the rolling stock is deformed with four rollers in two planes. Since an increase in length takes place approximately uniformly over the entire cross section, this type of deformation is particularly suitable for high-alloy stainless steels, e.g. B. for such qualities that were not previously rollable due to the risk of edge cracking or residual residual stresses in cross section.
  • the ratio between the radius of curvature of the indentations and that of the indentations of a cloverleaf caliber should be at least 1.4: 1 for four roller calibers.
  • the calibration according to the invention is aimed in particular at the production of round full cross sections, it is advisable to provide further round calibers at the end of the caliber series at the locations where the round cross sections with commercially available diameters as the finished cross section, in addition to the one or more sizing roller round calibers are rollable. Any finished cross-sections can then be removed while the subsequent rolling stands are shut down, since round material can be rolled from each cloverleaf cross-section.
  • the circular cross sections can also be used as initial cross sections for profile cross sections, e.g. B. square, angle, etc.
  • the known four-roll stand 1 consists of a cassette-like stand 2 with a pair of horizontal rolls 3 and a pair of vertical rolls 4, all rolls being arranged in a common vertical plane. Only the horizontal rollers 3 1 and 3 2 of the pair of horizontal rollers 3 are driven, whereas the vertical rollers 4 1 and 4 2 of the pair of vertical rollers 4 operate as drag rollers.
  • rollers 3 1, 3 2 and 4 1, 4 2 have - as can be seen more clearly from FIG. 2 - fully cut caliber incisions which result in a cloverleaf caliber 5 with four bulges 5a which are assigned to the parting planes E of the rolls.
  • the rollers with their caliber-free conical surfaces 6 are not adjustable against each other, which allows the rollers to be preloaded. In the context of the invention, however, this is not absolutely necessary because - as shown in FIG. 1, there may also be nips 7 between the pairs of rollers 3 and 4.
  • the boundary surfaces 8 assigned to the bulges 5a of a cloverleaf caliber 5 are always assigned to the division planes E or the roll gaps 7 and are symmetrical with respect to these division planes or roll gaps.
  • the boundary surfaces 8 of the bulges 5a are evenly curved with a radius of curvature 9 which is smaller than the distance 10 of the boundary surfaces 8 from the center of the caliber M.
  • the working surfaces 12 of the recesses 5b of the trefoil caliber lying between the bulges 5a have a comparatively larger radius 5, which thus extend over a larger arc angle ⁇ than the sum of the adjacent portions of the boundary surfaces 8 of the bulges 5a of each roller. 2, the ratio between the radius of curvature 11 and the radius of curvature 9 is approximately 1.4: 1.
  • the position of the center of curvature 13 for the radius of curvature 11 of the working surfaces 12 of the indentations 5b of each cloverleaf caliber 5 determine the decrease in height 14 with respect to the round inlet cross-section 15 indicated by dashed lines, which can be a tapping cross-section.
  • the dimensions of the cloverleaf caliber 5 are selected such that the boundary surfaces 8 of the bulges 5a run at a distance 10 from the center of the caliber M which is the same or - as FIG. 2 shows - somewhat larger than the peripheral zone 15a of the inlet cross-section 15 assigned to them or of the pre-caliber.
  • the circumferential zones of the inlet cross section 15 assigned to the arc angle ⁇ and the decrease in height 14 are shown hatched in FIG. 2, which are subject to a strong compression deformation with a corresponding increase in length.
  • no noteworthy increases in width take place in the peripheral zones 15a of the inlet profile 15 in the region of the bulges 5a of the cloverleaf caliber 5, since the caliber 5 remains underfilled in the region of the boundary surfaces 8 of the bulges 5a. H. that there is no decrease in height here either.
  • FIG. 3 shows the sequence of two cloverleaf calibers for four roller pairs 16 and 17, which also move together.
  • the boundary surfaces 19 run in the region of the bulges 18a of the cut clover leaf caliber 18 symmetrically to the parting planes E of the roller pairs 16, 17 and at a greater distance from the center caliber M than the associated circumferential zones 20a of the clover leaf-shaped inlet cross-section 20 shown in broken lines the work surfaces 21 in the region of the bulges of the inlet cross-section 20 in the upstream roll stand run symmetrically to the parting planes E 1 thereof, the roller pairs 16, 17 according to FIG. 3 are offset by half the parting angle ⁇ compared to the roll pairs of the roughing stand, not shown.
  • the sequence of cloverleaf calibers 20, 18 according to FIG. 3 clearly shows how large the sum of the compression-deformed, hatched zones whose partial increases in length radiate onto the areas of the caliber bulges 18.
  • FIG. 4 shows a caliber sequence "cloverleaf-round", the cloverleaf-shaped inlet cross section 22 shown in broken lines can be the outlet profile corresponding to the cloverleaf caliber 18 according to FIG. 3.
  • the roller pairs 24 and 25 carrying the round profile 23 are again with their parting planes E2 by half the parting angle ⁇ compared to the parting planes E. of the roller pairs 16, 17 offset according to FIG. 3. It also applies to the circular caliber 23 that the boundary surfaces 26 assigned to the division planes E 2 run at the same or somewhat greater distance from the center of the caliber M than the peripheral surfaces of the inlet cross section 22 with the zone width 27 assigned to them.
  • the round cross section leaving the roller pairs 24, 25, corresponding to the round caliber 23, can be a commercially available round finished cross section in diameter, so that it is advisable to arrange at least one round caliber as a sizing roll caliber in order to be able to subtract the finished cross section in a particularly close tolerance.
  • FIG. 5 shows three rollers 30, 31, 32 which have been moved one on top of the other and into which a trefoil caliber 33 with three bulges 33a is cut.
  • the inlet cross-section 34 shown in dashed lines is a round cross-section.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)
  • Control Of Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Registering, Tensioning, Guiding Webs, And Rollers Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

For rolling complete cross-sections, e.g. bar stock and wire, the rolls (16, 17) of roll stands, which have three or more rolls, are fitted with clover-leaf grooves (18) which have projections (18a) corresponding to the number of rolls and indentations situated between them. The boundary surfaces (19) of the projections extend symmetrically to the planes (B) of division of the rolls and extend at a distance from the groove centre (M) which is equal to or slightly larger than the circumferential surfaces (20a) of the inlet cross-section (20) or of the blooming pass. By a substantial decrease in height taking place with a corresponding increase in length due to the geometry of the clover-leaf groove in the region of its indentations, an increase in length takes place in the projections of the clover-leaf groove practically by drawing along the cross-sectional parts not being under direct pressure, i.e. in the region of the projections (18a) the groove can remain underfilled. As a result, a spread-free rolling is made possible in order to implement the advantages of the single-pass oblique rolling process in a multi-pass forming and profiling of rolled stock. The row of grooves can also comprise circular grooves. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Walzgerüst mit einem aus mindestens drei Walzen bestehenden, zum mehrstichigen Walzen von Vollquerschnitten, z.B. Stabstahl und Draht, eingesetzten Walzkaliber, bei denen die Walzen innerhalb einer auch.Rundkaliber umfassenden Kaliberreihe von Walzgerüsten ein Kleeblatt-Profilkaliber mit gekrümmten Ausbuchtungen und Einbuchtungen bilden, wobei die Walzen in der Kaliberreihe abwechselnd um einen halben Teilungswinkel gegeneinander versetzt sind und die Anzahl der Ausbuchtungen der Kleeblatt-Profilkaliber die Anzahl der Walzen bestimmt.The invention relates to a roll stand with a multi-pass rolling of full cross sections, e.g. Steel bars and wire, used roll calibers, in which the rolls form a cloverleaf profile caliber with curved bulges and indentations within a caliber series including roll calibres, the rollers in the caliber series being alternately offset by half a pitch angle and the number of bulges the cloverleaf profile caliber determines the number of rollers.

Derartige, in aufeinanderfolgenden Walzgerüsten einer Walzstraße angeordneten, Kleeblatt-Profilkaliber bildenden Walzen sind durch die FR-A 532 438 bekanntgeworden. Mit diesen Walzenkalibern läßt sich ein nahezu breitungsfreies Walzen mit einer Drückverformung erreichen, die dort allerdings nicht nur im Bereich der Einbuchtungen, sondern auch im übrigen Bereich des Walzgutquerschnittes auftritt.Such rolls, which are arranged in successive roll stands of a rolling mill and form cloverleaf profile calibers, have become known from FR-A 532 438. With these roller calibers, almost width-free rolling with pressure deformation can be achieved, which occurs not only in the area of the indentations, but also in the rest of the area of the rolling stock.

Für Walzwerke mit Dreiwalzenkalibern ist es bekannt, zunächst in einer Flachkaliberreihe Sechskantquerschnitte mit in abwechselnder Reihenfolge drei kurzen und drei langen Seiten zu walzen, bevor sich die Maßwalzkaliber anschließen. Die wesentlichen Stichabnahmen finden in der Flachkaliberreihe statt, und zwar unter Breitung an den kurzen Seiten der Sechskantquerschnitte, die den Teilungsebenen der Walzen bzw. den Walzspalten lagemäßig zugeordnet sind (DE-PS 10 73 990 und DE-OS 20 35 482).For rolling mills with three-roll calibers, it is known to first roll hexagonal cross-sections in a flat-caliber row with three short and three long sides in an alternating order before the sizing rolls pass. The essential Stitch reductions take place in the flat caliber series, with spreading on the short sides of the hexagonal cross sections, which are assigned to the divisional planes of the rolls or the roll gaps (DE-PS 10 73 990 and DE-OS 20 35 482).

Es sind auch Walzwerke mit vier Walzen bekannt (DE-AS 24 62 279), um Vierkantknüppel in Achtkantquerschnitte umzuformen, die in gleicher Weise wie Rundquerschnitte als Ausgangsmaterial für das Vorwalzen in einem Schrägwalzwerk mit Planetenantrieb verwendbar sind. Während die Vierkantknüppel über ihre vier Ecken durch stumpfwinklig keil- bzw. dreieckförmige Kalibereinschnitte mit 135° Flächenneigung streckreduziert und dort exakte Achtkantecken geformt werden, ist dies an den vier sich diagonal gegenüberliegenden Stellen im Bereich der Walzspalte nicht der Fall. Da die hergestellten Achtkantknüppel jedoch nur ein zur Weiterverarbeitung dienendes Zwischenprodukt darstellen, ist die Abweichung der Profilform von einem exakten Achtkantquerschnitt bedeutungslos. Der Schwerpunkt dieser Entwicklung beruht auf dem Grundprinzip des Schrägwalzwerkes an sich, das eine gleichmäßige Streckung des Walzgutes, d.h. ohne Breitung und mit allen dazugehörigen Vorteilen erlaubt.Rolling mills with four rolls are also known (DE-AS 24 62 279) for converting square billets into octagonal cross sections, which can be used in the same way as round cross sections as the starting material for roughing in a cross-rolling mill with planetary drive. While the square billets are stretched over their four corners by obtuse-angled wedge-shaped or triangular-shaped caliber incisions with a 135 ° surface inclination and exact octagonal corners are formed there, this is not the case at the four diagonally opposite points in the area of the roll gaps. However, since the octagonal billets produced are only an intermediate product for further processing, the deviation of the profile shape from an exact octagonal cross section is meaningless. The focus of this development is based on the basic principle of the cross rolling mill itself, which is a uniform stretching of the rolling stock, i.e. allowed without spread and with all the associated advantages.

Der Erfindung liegt die Überlegung zugrunde, daß die dem Walzgut beim Walzen aufgezwungene Dicken- oder Höhenabnahme normalerweise einhergeht mit einer Längenzunahme und einer Breitenzunahme, und daß die Breitenzunahme eigentlich eine Verlustverformung ist, nicht nur weil nur ein Teil der Höhenabnahme in Verlängerung umgesetzt wird, sondern darüber hinaus die Breitung zu einer größeren Höhenabnahme in den folgenden Stichen und damit letztlich zu einer größeren Stichzahl bzw. Anzahl von Walzgerüsten führt.The invention is based on the consideration that the decrease in thickness or height imposed on the rolling stock during rolling usually goes hand in hand with an increase in length and an increase in width, and that the increase in width is actually a loss deformation, not only because only part of the decrease in height is implemented in extension, but instead Furthermore, the spreading leads to a greater decrease in height in the subsequent passes and thus ultimately to a larger number of passes or number of roll stands.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, für die Walzen eines gattungsgemäßen Walzgerüstes eine Kalibrierung ohne die genannten Nachteile anzugeben, mit der ein nahezu breitungsfreies Walzen bei im Bereich der Einbuchtungen wesentlicher und im Bereich der Ausbuchtungen keiner oder allenfalls nur geringer Drückverformung des Walzgutes möglich wird.The invention is based on the object of specifying a calibration for the rolls of a generic roll stand without the disadvantages mentioned, with which an almost width-free rolling is possible in the area of the indentations and in the area of the bulges no or only slight compression deformation of the rolling stock.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die den Teilungsebenen bzw. Walzspalten zugeordneten Begrenzungsflächen eines Kleeblatt-Kalibers oder Rundkalibers symmetrisch zu diesen und in einer Entfernung von der Kalibermitte verlaufen, die gleich oder etwas größer ist als die den Begrenzungsflächen zugeordnete Umfangsfläche des Einlaufquerschnittes bzw. des Vorkalibers. Die Erfindung beruht auf der Erkenntnis, daß die Geometrie eines Kleeblatt-Kalibers im Bereich seiner Einbuchtungen auf dem weitaus größten Umfang des jeweiligen Einlaufquerschnittes zu einer wesentlichen Höhenabnahme mit entsprechender Längenzunahme führt, die sich den zwischen den Einbuchtungen liegenden, vergleichsweise kleineren Umfangszonen mitteilt, in denen keine oder keine nennenswerte Breitung noch Höhenabnahme stattfinden. Indem die Arbeitsflächen, die den Teilungsebenen zugeordnet sind, in einer Entfernung von der Kalibermitte verlaufen, die gleich oder etwas größer ist als die ihnen zugeordnete Umfangsfläche des Einlaufquerschnittes bzw. des Vorkalibers (Kleeblatt oder Rund), wird begünstigt, daß gezielt im breitungsfreien bzw. breitungsarmen Bereich der Ausbuchtungen des Kleeblatt-Kalibers keine oder allenfalls nur eine geringe Drückverformung auftritt; denn unter Einwirkung der benachbarten Einbuchtungen wird eine Längenzunahme dann mit durchgezogen. Aufgrund der Erfindung wird nämlich unterstützt, daß sich im Kaliber im Bereich der Begrenzungsflächen der Ausbuchtungen eine wesentliche Unterfüllung ergibt, so daß in diesen Bereichen keine Höhenabnahme stattfindet. fällt. Aus dem gleichen Grund des Wegfalls von Verlustverformungen wird der Energiebedarf geringer und letztlich auch die Stichzahl bzw. die Anzahl der erforderlichen Walzgerüste.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the boundary surfaces of a cloverleaf caliber or round caliber assigned to the dividing planes or rolling gaps run symmetrically to them and at a distance from the center of the caliber that is equal to or somewhat larger than the peripheral surface of the inlet cross section assigned to the boundary surfaces or of the pre-caliber. The invention is based on the knowledge that the geometry of a cloverleaf caliber in the area of its indentations on the by far largest circumference of the respective inlet cross-section leads to a substantial decrease in height with a corresponding increase in length, which is communicated to the comparatively smaller circumferential zones between the indentations, in which no or no significant spreading or decrease in height take place. The fact that the work surfaces assigned to the division levels run at a distance from the center of the caliber that is equal to or slightly larger than the circumferential surface of the inlet cross-section or the pre-caliber (cloverleaf or round) assigned to them favors the fact that the low-spread area of the bulges of the cloverleaf caliber no or only a slight compression deformation occurs; because under the influence of the neighboring indentations, an increase in length is then carried out. Because of the invention it is supported that there is a substantial underfilling in the caliber in the area of the boundary surfaces of the bulges, so that there is no decrease in height in these areas. falls. For the same reason that there is no loss of deformation, the energy requirement is reduced and ultimately the number of passes or the number of roll stands required.

Vorzuziehen ist ein Kleeblatt-Kaliber mit vier Ausbuchtungen und damit eine Verformung des Walzgutes mit vier Walzen in zwei Ebenen. Da eine Längenzunahme in etwa gleichmäßig über den gesamten Querschnitt erfolgt, ist diese Art der Verformung besonders für hochlegierte Edelstähle vorteilhaft geeignet, z. B. für solche Qualitäten, die wegen der Gefahr von Kantenrissigkeit oder verbleibender Eigenspannungen im Querschnitt bisher nicht walzbar waren.A cloverleaf caliber with four protrusions is preferred, which means that the rolling stock is deformed with four rollers in two planes. Since an increase in length takes place approximately uniformly over the entire cross section, this type of deformation is particularly suitable for high-alloy stainless steels, e.g. B. for such qualities that were not previously rollable due to the risk of edge cracking or residual residual stresses in cross section.

Wenn die geometrischen Regeln des Patentanspruches 3 eingehalten werden, werden die der Höhenabnahme zugeordneten Einbuchtungen des Kleeblatt-Kalibers gegenüber den Zonen der breitungsarmen Ausbuchtungen relativ groß, so daß umso mehr sichergestellt ist, daß in diesen Zonen eine Längenzunahme quasi durch Mitziehen der nicht unter direktem Druck befindlichen Querschnittsteile stattfindet.If the geometrical rules of claim 3 are observed, the recesses of the trefoil caliber associated with the decrease in height become relatively large compared to the zones of the low-width bulges, so that it is all the more ensured that an increase in length in these zones is practically caused by pulling the not under direct pressure located cross-sectional parts takes place.

Das Verhältnis zwischen dem Krümmungsradius der Einbuchtungen und demjenigen der Ausbuchtungen eines Kleeblatt-Kalibers sollte für vier Walzenkaliber mindestens 1,4 : 1 betragen.The ratio between the radius of curvature of the indentations and that of the indentations of a cloverleaf caliber should be at least 1.4: 1 for four roller calibers.

Da die erfindungsgemäße Kalibrierung insbesondere auf die Herstellung von runden Vollquerschnitten gerichtet ist, empfiehlt es sich, außer dem oder den Maßwalz-Rundkalibern am Ende der Kaliberreihe weitere Rundkaliber auch innerhalb der Kaliberreihe an den Stellen vorzusehen, an denen Rundquerschnitte mit handelsüblichen Durchmessern als Fertigquerschnitt walzbar sind. Es können dann beliebige Fertigquerschnitte unter Stillegung nachfolgender Walzgerüste abgezogen werden, da aus jedem Kleeblattquerschnitt Rundmaterial walzbar ist. Die Rundquerschnitte können auch als Ausgangsquerschnitte für Profilquerschnitte benutzt werden, z. B. Vierkant, Winkel u. s. w..Since the calibration according to the invention is aimed in particular at the production of round full cross sections, it is advisable to provide further round calibers at the end of the caliber series at the locations where the round cross sections with commercially available diameters as the finished cross section, in addition to the one or more sizing roller round calibers are rollable. Any finished cross-sections can then be removed while the subsequent rolling stands are shut down, since round material can be rolled from each cloverleaf cross-section. The circular cross sections can also be used as initial cross sections for profile cross sections, e.g. B. square, angle, etc.

Für besonders enge Toleranzen des Walzgutes ist es empfehlenswert, daß zwei Rundkaliber als Maßwalzkaliber aufeinander folgen.For particularly tight tolerances of the rolling stock, it is recommended that two round calibers follow one another as sizing rolls.

In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele einer Kalibrierung gemäß der Erfindung dargestellt, und zwar zeigen

  • Fig. 1 ein Vierwalzengerüst als bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel für die Anwendung von Kleeblatt-Kalibern,
  • Fig. 2 ein Kleeblatt-Kaliber in vergrößertem Maßstab im Anschluß an einen runden Einlaufquerschnitt,
  • Fig. 3 ein Kleeblatt-Kaliber im Anschluß an einen kleeblattförmigen Einlaufquerschnitt,
  • Fig. 4 ein Rundkaliber im Anschluß an einen kleeblattförmigen Einlaufquerschnitt, und
  • Fig. 5 ein Dreiwalzenkaliber in Kleeblattform im Anschluß an einen runden Einlaufquerschnitt.
Exemplary embodiments of a calibration according to the invention are shown in the drawing, namely show
  • 1 is a four-roll stand as a preferred embodiment for the use of cloverleaf calibres,
  • 2 a cloverleaf caliber on an enlarged scale following a round inlet cross-section,
  • 3 is a cloverleaf caliber following a cloverleaf-shaped inlet cross section,
  • Fig. 4 is a round caliber following a cloverleaf-shaped inlet cross-section, and
  • Fig. 5 is a three-roll caliber in cloverleaf shape following a round inlet cross-section.

Das an sich bekannte Vierwalzengerüst 1 gemäß Fig. 1 besteht aus einem kassettenartigen Ständer 2 mit einem Horizontalwalzenpaar 3 und einem Vertikalwalzenpaar 4, wobei alle Walzen in einer gemeinsamen Vertikalebene angeordnet sind. Dabei sind nur die Horizontalwalzen 3¹ und 3² des Horizontalwalzenpaares 3 angetrieben, wogegen die Vertikalwalzen 4¹ und 4² des Vertikalwalzenpaares 4 als Schleppwalzen arbeiten.The known four-roll stand 1 according to FIG. 1 consists of a cassette-like stand 2 with a pair of horizontal rolls 3 and a pair of vertical rolls 4, all rolls being arranged in a common vertical plane. Only the horizontal rollers 3 1 and 3 2 of the pair of horizontal rollers 3 are driven, whereas the vertical rollers 4 1 and 4 2 of the pair of vertical rollers 4 operate as drag rollers.

Sämtliche Walzen 3¹, 3² und 4¹, 4² haben - wie aus Fig. 2 deutlicher hervorgeht - voll ausgezogene Kalibereinschnitte, die ein Kleeblatt-Kaliber 5 mit vier Ausbuchtungen 5a ergeben, die den Teilungsebenen E der Walzen zugeordnet sind. In den Ausführungsbeispielen nach Fig. 2 bis Fig. 5 sind die Walzen mit ihren kaliberfreien Kegelflächen 6 nicht anstellbar gegeneinander gefahren, was ein Vorspannen der Walzen erlaubt. Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist dies jedoch nicht zwingend erforderlich, denn - wie Fig. 1 zeigtkönnen zwischen den Walzenpaaren 3 und 4 auch Walzspalte 7 vorhanden sein.All of the rollers 3 1, 3 2 and 4 1, 4 2 have - as can be seen more clearly from FIG. 2 - fully cut caliber incisions which result in a cloverleaf caliber 5 with four bulges 5a which are assigned to the parting planes E of the rolls. In the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 2 to 5, the rollers with their caliber-free conical surfaces 6 are not adjustable against each other, which allows the rollers to be preloaded. In the context of the invention, however, this is not absolutely necessary because - as shown in FIG. 1, there may also be nips 7 between the pairs of rollers 3 and 4.

Die den Ausbuchtungen 5a eines Kleeblatt-Kalibers 5 zugeordneten Begrenzungsflächen 8 sind stets den Teilungsebenen E bzw. den Walzspalten 7 lagemäßig zugeordnet und verlaufen symmetrisch zu diesen Teilungseben bzw. Walzspalten. Die Begrenzungsflächen 8 der Ausbuchtungen 5a sind mit einem Krümmungsradius 9 gleichmäßig gekrümmt, der kleiner ist als die Entfernung 10 der Begrenzungsflächen 8 von der Kalibermitte M. Einen vergleichsweise größeren Krümmungsradius 11 haben die Arbeitsflächen 12 der zwischen den Ausbuchtungen 5a liegenden Einbuchtungen 5b des Kleeblatt-Kalibers 5, die sich damit über einen größeren Bogenwinkel α erstrecken als die Summe der benachbarten Anteile der Begrenzungsflächen 8 der Ausbuchtungen 5a einer jeden Walze. Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 ist das Verhältnis zwischen dem Krümmungsradius 11 und dem Krümmungsradius 9 etwa 1,4 : 1.The boundary surfaces 8 assigned to the bulges 5a of a cloverleaf caliber 5 are always assigned to the division planes E or the roll gaps 7 and are symmetrical with respect to these division planes or roll gaps. The boundary surfaces 8 of the bulges 5a are evenly curved with a radius of curvature 9 which is smaller than the distance 10 of the boundary surfaces 8 from the center of the caliber M. The working surfaces 12 of the recesses 5b of the trefoil caliber lying between the bulges 5a have a comparatively larger radius 5, which thus extend over a larger arc angle α than the sum of the adjacent portions of the boundary surfaces 8 of the bulges 5a of each roller. 2, the ratio between the radius of curvature 11 and the radius of curvature 9 is approximately 1.4: 1.

Die Lage des Krümmungsmittelpunktes 13 für den Krümmungsradius 11 der Arbeitsflächen 12 der Einbuchtungen 5b eines jeden Kleeblatt-Kalibers 5 bestimmen die Höhenabnahme 14 gegenüber dem gestrichelt angedeuteten runden Einlaufquerschnitt 15, der ein Anstichquerschnitt sein kann. Die Abmessungen des Kleeblatt-Kalibers 5 sind so gewählt, daß die Begrenzungsflächen 8 der Ausbuchtungen 5a in einer Entfernung 10 von der Kalibermitte M verlaufen, die gleich oder - wie Fig. 2 zeigt - etwas größer ist als die ihnen zugeordnete Umfangszone 15a des Einlaufquerschnittes 15 bzw. des Vorkalibers.The position of the center of curvature 13 for the radius of curvature 11 of the working surfaces 12 of the indentations 5b of each cloverleaf caliber 5 determine the decrease in height 14 with respect to the round inlet cross-section 15 indicated by dashed lines, which can be a tapping cross-section. The dimensions of the cloverleaf caliber 5 are selected such that the boundary surfaces 8 of the bulges 5a run at a distance 10 from the center of the caliber M which is the same or - as FIG. 2 shows - somewhat larger than the peripheral zone 15a of the inlet cross-section 15 assigned to them or of the pre-caliber.

Für die benachbarten Walzen 3² und 4¹ sind in Fig. 2 die dem Bogenwinkel α und der Höhenabnahme 14 zugeordneten Umfangszonen des Einlaufquerschnittes 15 schraffiert dargestellt, die einer kräftigen Drückverformung mit entsprechender Längenzunahme unterliegen. Wie durch Versuche festgestellt wurde, finden in den Umfangszonen 15a des Einlaufprofils 15 im Bereich der Ausbuchtungen 5a des Kleeblatt-Kalibers 5 keine nennenswerten Breitenzunahmen statt, da das Kaliber 5 im Bereich der Begrenzungsflächen 8 der Ausbuchtungen 5a unterfüllt bleibt, d. h. daß hier auch keine Höhenabnahme stattfindet. Dieses Phänomen ist nur so zu erklären, daß die Längenzunahmen, die den schraffierten Bereichen der Drückverformung auf dem größten der Summe der vier Bogenwinkel α der Einbuchtungen 5b entsprechen, die benachbarten Bereiche der Ausbuchtungen 5a mitziehen, d. h. auch hier zu einer Längenzunahme führen. Daher wird der Einlaufquerschnitt 15 nahezu breitungsfrei unter wesentlicher Drückverformung reduziert.For the adjacent rollers 3² and 4¹, the circumferential zones of the inlet cross section 15 assigned to the arc angle α and the decrease in height 14 are shown hatched in FIG. 2, which are subject to a strong compression deformation with a corresponding increase in length. As was established by tests, no noteworthy increases in width take place in the peripheral zones 15a of the inlet profile 15 in the region of the bulges 5a of the cloverleaf caliber 5, since the caliber 5 remains underfilled in the region of the boundary surfaces 8 of the bulges 5a. H. that there is no decrease in height here either. This phenomenon can only be explained in such a way that the increases in length, which correspond to the hatched areas of the compression deformation on the largest of the sum of the four arc angles α of the indentations 5b, pull the neighboring areas of the indentations 5a, i.e. H. also lead to an increase in length here. Therefore, the inlet cross-section 15 is reduced almost without spreading under substantial pressure deformation.

Zurückkommend auf das Verhältnis zwischen den Krümmungsradien 11 und 9 ist zu bemerken, daß eine Vergrößerung des Krümmungsradius 11 für die Arbeitsflächen 12 der Einbuchtungen 5a bei gleicher Höhenabnahme 14 zu einer Vergrößerung des Bogenwinkels α führt, unter dem sich die Arbeitsflächen 12 erstrecken, und zwar auf Kosten der den Ausbuchtungen 5a zugeordneten Umfangszonen 15a des Einlaufquerschnittes 15.Returning to the relationship between the radii of curvature 11 and 9, it should be noted that an increase in the radius of curvature 11 for the working surfaces 12 of the indentations 5a with the same decrease in height 14 leads to an increase in the arc angle α at which the working surfaces 12 extend, namely to Cost of the peripheral zones 15a of the inlet cross-section 15 assigned to the bulges 5a.

Eine Vergrößerung des Verhältnisses zwischen dem Krümmungsradius 11 und dem Krümmungsradius 9 führt somit zu einer Verbreiterung der schraffiert dargestellten drückverformten Zonen mit primärer Längenzunahme, die dann umso mehr auf die schmaleren Bereiche der Ausbuchtungen 5a ausstrahlt.An increase in the ratio between the radius of curvature 11 and the radius of curvature 9 thus leads to a widening of the compression-deformed zones shown with hatching with a primary increase in length, which then radiates all the more onto the narrower regions of the bulges 5a.

In Fig. 3 ist die Aufeinanderfolge von zwei Kleeblatt-Kalibern für ebenfalls vier aufeinandergefahrende Walzenpaare 16 und 17 dargestellt. Auch hierbei laufen die Begrenzungsflächen 19 im Bereich der Ausbuchtungen 18a des eingeschnittenen Kleeblatt-Kalibers 18 symmetrisch zu den Teilungsebenen E der Walzenpaare 16, 17 und in größerer Entfernung von der Kalibermitte M als die zugeordneten Umfangszonen 20a des kleeblattförmigen, gestrichelt dargestellten Einlaufquerschnittes 20. Da auch die Arbeitsflächen 21 im Bereich der Ausbuchtungen des Einlaufquerschnittes 20 im vorgeordneten Walzgerüst symmetrisch zu dessen Teilungsebenen E¹ verlaufen, sind die Walzenpaare 16, 17 nach Fig. 3 gegenüber den Walzenpaaren des nicht dargestellten Vorgerüstes um den halben Teilungswinkel ß versetzt.FIG. 3 shows the sequence of two cloverleaf calibers for four roller pairs 16 and 17, which also move together. Here, too, the boundary surfaces 19 run in the region of the bulges 18a of the cut clover leaf caliber 18 symmetrically to the parting planes E of the roller pairs 16, 17 and at a greater distance from the center caliber M than the associated circumferential zones 20a of the clover leaf-shaped inlet cross-section 20 shown in broken lines the work surfaces 21 in the region of the bulges of the inlet cross-section 20 in the upstream roll stand run symmetrically to the parting planes E 1 thereof, the roller pairs 16, 17 according to FIG. 3 are offset by half the parting angle β compared to the roll pairs of the roughing stand, not shown.

Die Aufeinanderfolge von Kleeblatt-Kalibern 20, 18 nach Fig. 3 zeigt deutlich, wie groß die drückverformten, schraffierten Zonen in der Summe werden können, deren partielle Längenzunahmen auf die Bereiche der Kaliber-Ausbuchtungen 18 ausstrahlt.The sequence of cloverleaf calibers 20, 18 according to FIG. 3 clearly shows how large the sum of the compression-deformed, hatched zones whose partial increases in length radiate onto the areas of the caliber bulges 18.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Kaliberfolge "Kleeblatt-Rund", wobei der gestrichelt dargestellte kleeblattförmige Einlaufquerschnitt 22 das dem Kleeblatt-Kaliber 18 nach Fig. 3 entsprechende Auslaufprofil sein kann. Die das Rundprofil 23 tragenden Walzenpaare 24 und 25 sind mit ihren Teilungsebenen E² wiederum um den halben Teilungswinkel ß gegenüber den Teilungsebenen E der Walzenpaare 16, 17 nach Fig. 3 versetzt. Auch für das Rundkaliber 23 gilt, daß die den Teilungsebenen E² zugeordneten Begrenzungsflächen 26 in gleicher oder etwas größerer Entfernung von der Kalibermitte M verlaufen als die ihnen zugeordneten Umfangsflächen des Einlaufquerschnittes 22 mit der Zonenbreite 27.FIG. 4 shows a caliber sequence "cloverleaf-round", the cloverleaf-shaped inlet cross section 22 shown in broken lines can be the outlet profile corresponding to the cloverleaf caliber 18 according to FIG. 3. The roller pairs 24 and 25 carrying the round profile 23 are again with their parting planes E² by half the parting angle β compared to the parting planes E. of the roller pairs 16, 17 offset according to FIG. 3. It also applies to the circular caliber 23 that the boundary surfaces 26 assigned to the division planes E 2 run at the same or somewhat greater distance from the center of the caliber M than the peripheral surfaces of the inlet cross section 22 with the zone width 27 assigned to them.

Der die Walzenpaare 24, 25 verlassende Rundquerschntt, entsprechend dem Rundkaliber 23, kann vom Durchmesser her ein handelsüblicher runder Fertigquerschnitt sein, so daß es sich empfiehlt, noch mindestens ein Rundkaliber als Maßwalzkaliber nachzuordnen, um den Fertigquerschnitt in besonders enger Toleranz abziehen zu können.The round cross section leaving the roller pairs 24, 25, corresponding to the round caliber 23, can be a commercially available round finished cross section in diameter, so that it is advisable to arrange at least one round caliber as a sizing roll caliber in order to be able to subtract the finished cross section in a particularly close tolerance.

Fig. 5 zeigt drei aufeinandergefahrene Walzen 30, 31, 32, in die ein Kleeblatt-Kaliber 33 mit drei Ausbuchtungen 33a eingeschnitten sit. Der gestrichelt dargestellte Einlaufquerschnitt 34 ist ein Rundquerschnitt.FIG. 5 shows three rollers 30, 31, 32 which have been moved one on top of the other and into which a trefoil caliber 33 with three bulges 33a is cut. The inlet cross-section 34 shown in dashed lines is a round cross-section.

Claims (5)

1. Roll stand with a roll pass consisting of at least three rolls and used for the multi-pass rolling of solid cross-sections, for example rod and wire, in which the rolls (3¹, 3², 4¹, 4²; 16, 17; 24, 25; 30, 31, 32) within a pass series, which also comprises round passes (15, 23), of roll stands (1) form a cloverleaf profiling pass (5, 18, 33) with curved convexities (5a) and concavities (5b), wherein the rolls in the pass series are offset relative to one another in alternation about half a pitch angle (β) and the number of the convexities (5a, 33a) of the cloverleaf) pass determines the number of rolls, and wherein the boundary surfaces (8, 19, 23, 26) associated with the pitch planes (E) or with the roll gaps (7) extend symmetrically thereto,
characterised thereby that
the boundary surfaces (8, 19, 26), which are associated with the pitch planes (E) or with the roll gaps (7), of a cloverleaf pass or round pass (23) extend at a spacing, from the pass centre (M), which is the same or somewhat greater than the circumferential surface (15a, 20a, 27), which is associated with the boundary surfaces, of the entry cross-section (15, 20, 22) or of the preliminary pass.
2. Roll stand according to claim 1, characterised by a cloverleaf pass (5, 18) with four convexities (5a, 18a).
3. Roll stand according to claim 1 or 2, characterised thereby that the radius of curvature (11) of the work surfaces (12) of the convexities (5b) of the cloverleaf pass (5) is greater than the radius of curvature (9) of the boundary surfaces (8) of the convexities (5a) of the same pass, which in turn is smaller than the spacing (10) between the pass base associated therewith and the pass centre (M).
4. Roll stand according to claim 1, characterised thereby that the round passes are provided at the end of the pass series and within the pass series as the places (23) at which round cross-sections are rollable with commercially usual diameters as finished cross-sections.
5. Roll stand according to claim 4, characterised thereby that two round passes follow one after the other.
EP89107593A 1988-05-18 1989-04-27 Calibration for the rolls of roll stands with three or more rolls Expired - Lifetime EP0342403B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89107593T ATE78725T1 (en) 1988-05-18 1989-04-27 CALIBRATION FOR THE ROLLS OF ROLLING STANDS WITH THREE OR MORE ROLLS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3816840A DE3816840A1 (en) 1988-05-18 1988-05-18 CALIBRATION FOR THE ROLLS OF ROLLING MILLS WITH THREE OR MORE ROLLERS
DE3816840 1988-05-18

Publications (3)

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EP0342403A2 EP0342403A2 (en) 1989-11-23
EP0342403A3 EP0342403A3 (en) 1990-06-13
EP0342403B1 true EP0342403B1 (en) 1992-07-29

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EP89107593A Expired - Lifetime EP0342403B1 (en) 1988-05-18 1989-04-27 Calibration for the rolls of roll stands with three or more rolls

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JP (1) JPH0215810A (en)
AT (1) ATE78725T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3816840A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0368049A3 (en) * 1988-11-10 1991-07-24 Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Calibration for the rolls of rolling stands with three or more rolls
DE19654063A1 (en) * 1996-12-23 1998-06-25 Schloemann Siemag Ag Process and plant for the production of steel bars with a structure refined and / or compressed by forging rolls
IT1290131B1 (en) * 1997-03-20 1998-10-19 Pomini Spa LAMINATION TRAIN AND RELATIVE LAMINATION PROCESS WITH IMPROVED YIELD
US20030184135A1 (en) * 2002-03-27 2003-10-02 Bugle Clifford M. Bicycle seat rail and method of making same
WO2017147430A1 (en) * 2016-02-25 2017-08-31 Unarco Industries Llc Device for forming grooved wire

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE26893C (en) * GEBR. SCHMIDT in Schwelm Wire rolling mill, consisting of four rollers with canned caliber
DE23230C (en) * GEBRÜDER SCHMIDT in Schwelm, Westfalen Wire rolling mill, consisting of three rollers with canelated caliber
FR532438A (en) * 1920-09-16 1922-02-03 Manufacturing process for metal wires and bars
DE2035482C2 (en) * 1968-12-12 1983-01-20 Kocks Technik Gmbh & Co, 4010 Hilden Roll calibration for fine iron, especially for wire rolling mills
DE2418453B2 (en) * 1974-04-17 1976-09-16 Ausscheidung in: 24 62 279 Schloemann-Siemag AG, 4000 Düsseldorf BASE MATERIAL FOR THE ROLLING OF WIRE OR FINE IRON ON ANGLED ROLLING MILLS WITH PLANETARY DRIVES

Also Published As

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DE3816840A1 (en) 1989-11-30
EP0342403A2 (en) 1989-11-23
JPH0215810A (en) 1990-01-19
DE58901922D1 (en) 1992-09-03
ATE78725T1 (en) 1992-08-15
EP0342403A3 (en) 1990-06-13

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