EP0243289A1 - Plattenantenne mit zwei gekreuzten Polarisationen - Google Patents

Plattenantenne mit zwei gekreuzten Polarisationen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0243289A1
EP0243289A1 EP87460007A EP87460007A EP0243289A1 EP 0243289 A1 EP0243289 A1 EP 0243289A1 EP 87460007 A EP87460007 A EP 87460007A EP 87460007 A EP87460007 A EP 87460007A EP 0243289 A1 EP0243289 A1 EP 0243289A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
doublets
center
elementary
plates
antenna
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87460007A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0243289B1 (de
Inventor
Gérard Dubost
Roger Frin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ministere des PTT
Telediffusion de France ets Public de Diffusion
Etat Francais
France Telecom R&D SA
Original Assignee
Ministere des PTT
Telediffusion de France ets Public de Diffusion
Etat Francais
Centre National dEtudes des Telecommunications CNET
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ministere des PTT, Telediffusion de France ets Public de Diffusion, Etat Francais, Centre National dEtudes des Telecommunications CNET filed Critical Ministere des PTT
Publication of EP0243289A1 publication Critical patent/EP0243289A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0243289B1 publication Critical patent/EP0243289B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0075—Stripline fed arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/06—Details
    • H01Q9/065—Microstrip dipole antennas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plate antenna with double crossed polarizations, these antennas being in particular provided for forming networks operating in the frequency band going from a few hundred MHz to a few tens of GHz.
  • the arrays of elementary plate antennas made up of folded doublets with thick supplied strand produced using printed circuits are particularly suitable for the emission or reception of radioelectric signals in the 12 GHz band.
  • Such a network is described in patent FR-A-2 487 588.
  • a network antenna with symmetry of revolution intended more particularly for the transmission of terrestrial broadcasting signals in the 12 GHz band is also described in the French patent application No. 85 08840 filed June 10, 1985 in the joint names of the applicants and entitled "cylindrical omnidirectional antenna.” This antenna has, in azimuth, an omnidirectional radiation pattern and, in elevation, a much narrower pattern.
  • An object of the invention is to provide an elementary plate antenna based on the operation of the folded doublets with thick strands supplied and produced in printed circuits which is capable of receiving, but possibly also of emitting, electromagnetic waves of any polarization, c '' ie left elliptical or right elliptical, in the 12 GHz band. More particularly, the elliptical polarization can, at the limit, be circular or degenerate in rectilinear. Such an antenna, known as double crossed polarization, is intended to be used in a network capable of receiving signals broadcast by satellite with a right or left circular polarization.
  • an elementary antenna is provided, the radiating part of which is formed of two radiating doublets folded with similar thick strands located in the same plane and orthogonal, the slots between the strands supplied with doublets crossing at the center of the elementary antenna.
  • the doublets of the elementary antenna are respectively associated with central conductors of triplate lines which are orthogonal with their projections crossing under the center of the antenna, each triplate line being constituted by the plates of a doublet , on the one hand, a reflector, on the other hand, and between the plates and the reflector the central conductor, the reflector being common to the two doublets.
  • the doublets are formed by four plates separated by a non-conductive cross whose center coincides with the center of the elementary antenna, each end of the branch of the cross opening into a first non-conductive area bordered externally by a strip conductive connected to the rear parts of the two plates adjacent to said branch, a second finished non-conductive area being provided beyond the conductive strip, the first areas, the strips and the second areas being symmetrical with respect to the center of the elementary antenna and to the axes of symmetry of the doublets.
  • the elementary antenna is produced in the form of a first printed circuit with a first metallized face from which the cross has been cut, the first areas and the second areas, and a second metallized face on which no subsists that the first central conductor, and a second printed circuit with a first face on which only the second central conductor remains and a second fully metallized face serving as a reflector, the two printed circuits being, once properly oriented, superimposed with one another insulating layer.
  • an array of elementary antennas is provided, as defined above, the first central conductors all being associated with the first doublets and the second central conductors with the second doublets.
  • the radiating part in a first example of an antenna of the invention, includes two orthogonal pairs of wide conductive plates, namely the pair of plates 1 and 3 having an axis of symmetry X-X ⁇ , on the one hand, and the pair of plates 2 and 4 having an axis of symmetry Y-Y ⁇ , on the other hand.
  • All of the conductive plates 1 to 4 occupy the quadrants delimited by a non-conductive cross whose orientations of the branches 5 to 8 are offset by 45 ° relative to the axes of symmetry symmetry X-X ⁇ and Y-Y ⁇ of the plates 1 to 4.
  • each plate 1 to 4 has an angular end whose edges are formed by two adjacent branches of the cross. Beyond the external ends of the branches 5 to 8, the plates have their two lateral edges 9 and 10, respectively parallel to the axis of symmetry X-X ⁇ or Y-Y ⁇ of the plate considered.
  • the areas 11 to 14 are limited towards the center by the end of the corresponding branch, by the adjacent lateral edges 9 and 10 of two adjacent conductive plates and, towards the outside, by an arc of a circle 15, centered at the center of the cross.
  • portions of conductive crown 16 to 19 which are also centered in the center of the cross. The crown portion 16 connects the plates 1 and 2, the portion 17 the plates 2 and 3, etc.
  • non-conducting rings 20 to 23 are respectively provided.
  • the rings 16 and 20 are symmetrical with respect to the axis of the branch 5, the portions 17 and 21 are symmetrical relative to the axis of branch 6, etc.
  • the non-conductive crown portions 20 to 23 are longer than the conductive crown portions 16 to 19, and their ends are respectively closer to the axes X-X ⁇ and Y-Y ⁇ than the edges 9 and 10 of each conductive plate 1 to 4.
  • the widths of the cross branches 5 to 8 and of the non-conductive portions 20 to 23 are of the same order of magnitude and, more generally, very small compared to the wavelength.
  • the conductive parts of the radiating part shown in FIG. 1 are formed in a face, initially whole metallized, 24 of a double-sided printed circuit 25, FIG. 2, the other face 26 of which carries the central metallic conductor 27 of a first three-plate supply line.
  • Another double-sided printed circuit 28 carries, on one face 29, the central metallic conductor 30 of a second three-plate supply line and, on its other face, the metallized reflector 31.
  • the non-conductive parts 5 to 8, 11 to 14, and 20 to 23 are obtained by removing the corresponding parts from the face 24.
  • the two printed circuits 25 and 28 are superimposed, with their faces 26 and 29 facing each other, and separated by a thin layer 32 of dielectric substrate.
  • the central conductor 27 is directed along the axis Y-Y ⁇ and passes, starting from the power source not shown, under the plate 2, under the non-conductive center C of the cross, then under the plate 4 to stop at around a quarter wavelength from the center C.
  • the conductor 27 has a width allowing it to be adapted to a nominal impedance, for example 50 or 100 ohms; when passing under the interval between 20 and 21, its width is reduced to approximately half of this interval; in the middle of the plate 2, its width is reduced to approximately half the interval between the ends of two opposite plates 1 and 3 or 2 and 4; around the center, its width is further reduced as will be seen in relation to FIG. 5; finally, in its final segment, under the plate 4, its width becomes again equal to that which it had before the center C.
  • the central conductor 30, oriented along the axis X ⁇ -X, has a width which changes like that of the conductor 27 passing successively under the plates 3 and 1.
  • Each conductor 27 or 30 forms with, on the one hand, the fully metallized face 31 and, on the other hand, the conductive parts of the face 24 a triplate line.
  • the pair of plates 1 and 3 constitutes with the central conductor 30 and the reflector 31 a first linearly polarized radiating doublet.
  • This doublet is symmetrical and its adjacent ends are excited in phase opposition.
  • it is a folded doublet whose thick strands are formed by plates 1 and 3 while the folded strands, not excited, are formed, on the one hand, by the crown portions 15 and 17, plus the external part of the plate 2, and, on the other hand, by the crown portions 19 and 18 , plus the outer part of the plate 4.
  • the pair of plates 2 and 4 constitutes, with the central conductor 27 and the reflector 31, a second radiating doublet linearly polarized.
  • This doublet is also symmetrical and its adjacent ends are excited in phase opposition. It is easy to verify that it is also an excited thick strand doublet.
  • the conductors 27 and 30 have their widths reduced. This reduction reduces the coupling between the two doublets.
  • a radiating source having the structure defined in Figs. 1 to 5 has been produced and tested.
  • This source operated in the frequency band between 3.65 and 4.05 GHz.
  • the overall diameter of the source that is to say the diameter D of the outer edges of the crown portions 20 to 23 was equal to 51 mm, which leads to a ratio: where ( ⁇ o ) m denotes the wavelength in free space at the average frequency of 3.85 GHz.
  • the overall thickness e Fig. 2, was therefore equal to 6.7 mm with a ratio:
  • the radiation resistance of a doublet at the average frequency of 3.85 GHz and reported between the adjacent ends of a doublet is close to 100 ohms.
  • each doublet was adapted to 50 ohms.
  • Table I summarizes the experimental results obtained in the passband on a single doublet, the other doublet being closed on a suitable load of 50 ohms.
  • O E and O H representing the 3 dB openings in the "E" and "H” planes, respectively;
  • ROS designating the standing wave ratio;
  • cc designating the component crossed along the maximum radiation axis;
  • Dec designating the decoupling between the two doublets; and * indicating that the measurement has not been made.
  • Table II shows the polarization rate ⁇ measured along the maximum radiation axis when the source operates in circular polarization.
  • the two central conductors 27 and 30 are connected to a 3 dB directional coupler which creates a phase shift of 90 ° between the signals transmitted or received on the two dipoles.
  • the relatively high polarization rate results from a small difference between the radiation impedances of the two dipoles, due to the asymmetry of the two triplate lines with respect to the radiating structure.
  • An adaptation of impedance, slightly different for each doublet, makes it possible to obtain currents equal in amplitude and in quadrature of phase and a polarization rate lower than 1 dB.
  • the central conductor 34 of the three-ply line serving to supply the second doublet formed by the plates 2 and 4 has its terminal part arranged, along the axis Y-Y ⁇ , in a manner similar to that of the conductor 27, but under the outer part of the plate 2, it changes direction at 90 ° to pass under the crown portion 16, practically in an arc of a circle up to the axis X ⁇ -X and change direction again to move away from the source along this axis.
  • the variant of FIG. 6 may allow a different arrangement of the sources to form a network.
  • the central conductors 35 and 36 serving to excite the first doublet formed by plates 1 and 3, are each formed by a narrow width band which widens after passing under the interval between the plates.
  • This structure of the central conductors is a variant of that of FIGS. 3 and 4 and allows the antenna to operate on a nominal impedance of 100 ohms.
  • Fig. 8 we have schematically shown a variant of radiating structure consisting of two pairs of doublets 1 ⁇ , 3 ⁇ and 2 ⁇ , 4 ⁇ which are quite similar to the two pairs 1, 3 and 2, 4.
  • the plates of these doublets are defined by a non-conductive cross, as in FIG. 1.
  • the main differences in the structure are due to the square shapes of the non-conductive areas 12 ⁇ to 15 ⁇ and the square shapes of the areas 20 ⁇ to 23 ⁇ , while the corresponding areas were shown in Fig. 1 circular geometry.
  • the source of Fig. 8 has a behavior similar to that of FIG. 1, however its overall dimensions are significantly larger due to a relative dielectric constant ⁇ r close to unity for printed circuits 25 and 28.
  • ⁇ r relative dielectric constant
  • C represents the side of the square formed by the outer edges of the areas 20 ⁇ to 23 ⁇ is greater than 1, which does not allow its use in a dense network.
  • the bands are portions of crowns, in the other, they are portions of brackets.
  • all the intermediate forms between these two forms could be functionally suitable.
  • circular geometry is preferred because it makes it possible to have a ratio D / ( ⁇ o ) m equal to 0.65, that is to say a configuration in a dense network, in which the pitch of the network is less than a wave length.
  • the radiating source according to the invention makes it possible to constitute a network of identical sources in which the first doublets are associated with central conductors of triplate line oriented in the same direction, while the second doublets are associated with central conductors oriented perpendicularly.
  • the antenna of FIG. 9 has the same radiating structure as that of FIG. 1, as well as the same three-plate feed lines, not shown, and the same reference numerals have been used to designate the same parts therein, in particular the plates 1 to 4 and the portions of non-conductive crowns 20 to 23.
  • the antenna of FIG. 9 also includes four metallic guiding elements or strands 37 to 40.
  • the guiding elements 37 to 40 are the four branches made of a good conductive material, for example made of metal such as copper, of a cross whose outlets are at a small distance from the center of the cross, which coincides, in plan, with the center C of the radiating structure formed by the plates 1 to 4.
  • the guiding elements 37 and 39 are aligned with the axis X-X ⁇ and placed respectively above the plates 1 and 3.
  • the guiding elements 38 and 40 are aligned with the axis Y-Y ⁇ and placed respectively above the plates 2 and 4.
  • the common width of the guiding elements 37 to 40 is constant and much smaller than that of the plates 1 to 4.
  • Their ends 41 to 44, the most distant from the center, are inside the external limits of the radiating structure.
  • the longitudinal sides of the director elements are, in plan, symmetrical with respect to the axes X-X ⁇ and Y-Y ⁇ , respectively. All the guiding elements admit the center C as the center of symmetry.
  • the guiding elements 37 to 40 are plated on an insulating layer 45 which defines the interval h between the plane of the radiating structure and that of the guiding elements.
  • each director element 37 to 40 was a metal strip 5 mm in width and 19.5 mm in length.
  • the respective distances between the guiding elements 37 and 39, and 38 and 40 are, above the center C, 2.5 mm.
  • the metal strips of the guiding elements 37 to 40 can be printed on a printed circuit 46 made of Teflon glass with a thickness of 0.2 mm and a relative dielectric constant ⁇ r equal to 2.5.
  • the printed circuit 46 is separated from the radiating structure 1 to 4 by an insulating layer 45 whose thickness h was 5 mm.
  • the insulating layer 45 was in "Klégécel" whose dielectric constant is close to 1.
  • the first part of Table III gives the results of the measurements carried out in the presence of the guiding elements while the second part gives the results of the measurements carried out without the guiding elements, the naked radiating structures.
  • the improvement due to the guiding elements is clearly shown in Table III. Thanks to the guiding elements, it is possible, for example, to carry out an adaptation corresponding to a standing wave ratio (ROS) of less than 1.5 in a bandwidth of 8.5%. Note that the dispersion of the ROS values between the different terminals V1 to V4 is only due to the relatively poor precision of the construction of the experimental antennas.
  • ROS standing wave ratio
  • the guiding elements of Figs. 9 and 10 increase the bandwidth of the antenna or improve the adaptation of the input impedance thereof.
  • the presence of the guiding elements does not increase the coupling between antennas and this coupling remains sufficiently weak, which makes it possible to use the antennas of the invention, provided with guiding elements, to constitute networks.

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
EP87460007A 1986-04-23 1987-04-09 Plattenantenne mit zwei gekreuzten Polarisationen Expired - Lifetime EP0243289B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8605990A FR2598036B1 (fr) 1986-04-23 1986-04-23 Antenne plaque a doubles polarisations croisees
FR8605990 1986-04-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0243289A1 true EP0243289A1 (de) 1987-10-28
EP0243289B1 EP0243289B1 (de) 1991-06-19

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EP87460007A Expired - Lifetime EP0243289B1 (de) 1986-04-23 1987-04-09 Plattenantenne mit zwei gekreuzten Polarisationen

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US (1) US4922263A (de)
EP (1) EP0243289B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH01125005A (de)
DE (1) DE3770863D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2598036B1 (de)

Cited By (12)

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EP0414266A1 (de) * 1989-08-25 1991-02-27 Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. Mikrostreifenleiterantenne mit Schlitzplatte
GB2201046B (en) * 1987-01-20 1991-03-06 Nat Res Dev Antenna
FR2677814A1 (fr) * 1990-06-22 1992-12-18 Thomson Csf Antenne plate hyperfrequence a deux polarisations orthogonales avec un couple de fentes orthogonales rayonnantes.
US5187490A (en) * 1989-08-25 1993-02-16 Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd. Stripline patch antenna with slot plate
FR2685130A1 (fr) * 1991-12-13 1993-06-18 Thomson Applic Radars Centre Antenne pastille carree a deux polarisations croisees excitee par deux fentes orthogonales.
EP0557176A1 (de) * 1992-02-21 1993-08-25 Thomson-Lgt Laboratoire General Des Telecommunications Vorrichtung zur Speisung für eine Plattenantenne mit zwei gekreuzten Polarisationen und Gruppenantenne mit einer solchen Vorrichtung
EP0585877A1 (de) * 1992-09-03 1994-03-09 Sumitomo Metal Mining Company Limited Antenne in gedruckter Schaltungstechnik
EP0685900A1 (de) * 1994-06-01 1995-12-06 ALAN DICK & COMPANY LIMITED Antenne
ES2103630A1 (es) * 1990-06-22 1997-09-16 Lgt Lab Gen Telecomm Dispositivo de alimentacion para red de antenas de placas con doble polarizacion cruzada y red equipada con tal dispositivo.
EP0920074A1 (de) * 1997-11-25 1999-06-02 Sony International (Europe) GmbH Zirkularpolarisiertes planares gedrucktes Antennenkonzept mit geformter Strahlungscharakteristik
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FR2860344B1 (fr) * 2003-09-25 2005-12-23 Commissariat Energie Atomique Reseau d'antennes large bande
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US20100182149A1 (en) * 2004-05-18 2010-07-22 Marino Ronald A Apparatus for and method of using rfid antenna configurations
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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, vol. 23, no. 5, septembre 1975, pages 687-689, McGraw-Hill, New York, US; H.E. KING et al.: "A shallow ridged-cavity crossed-slot antenna for the 240- to 400-MHz frequency range" *

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2201046B (en) * 1987-01-20 1991-03-06 Nat Res Dev Antenna
EP0414266A1 (de) * 1989-08-25 1991-02-27 Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. Mikrostreifenleiterantenne mit Schlitzplatte
US5187490A (en) * 1989-08-25 1993-02-16 Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd. Stripline patch antenna with slot plate
FR2677814A1 (fr) * 1990-06-22 1992-12-18 Thomson Csf Antenne plate hyperfrequence a deux polarisations orthogonales avec un couple de fentes orthogonales rayonnantes.
ES2103630A1 (es) * 1990-06-22 1997-09-16 Lgt Lab Gen Telecomm Dispositivo de alimentacion para red de antenas de placas con doble polarizacion cruzada y red equipada con tal dispositivo.
FR2685130A1 (fr) * 1991-12-13 1993-06-18 Thomson Applic Radars Centre Antenne pastille carree a deux polarisations croisees excitee par deux fentes orthogonales.
EP0557176A1 (de) * 1992-02-21 1993-08-25 Thomson-Lgt Laboratoire General Des Telecommunications Vorrichtung zur Speisung für eine Plattenantenne mit zwei gekreuzten Polarisationen und Gruppenantenne mit einer solchen Vorrichtung
FR2687850A1 (fr) * 1992-02-21 1993-08-27 Thomson Lgt Dispositif d'alimentation pour antenne plaque a double polarisation croisee et reseau equipe d'un tel dispositif.
US5442367A (en) * 1992-09-03 1995-08-15 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. Printed antenna with strip and slot radiators
EP0585877A1 (de) * 1992-09-03 1994-03-09 Sumitomo Metal Mining Company Limited Antenne in gedruckter Schaltungstechnik
EP0685900A1 (de) * 1994-06-01 1995-12-06 ALAN DICK & COMPANY LIMITED Antenne
US5691734A (en) * 1994-06-01 1997-11-25 Alan Dick & Company Limited Dual polarizating antennae
EP0920074A1 (de) * 1997-11-25 1999-06-02 Sony International (Europe) GmbH Zirkularpolarisiertes planares gedrucktes Antennenkonzept mit geformter Strahlungscharakteristik
US6339406B1 (en) 1997-11-25 2002-01-15 Sony International (Europe) Gmbh Circular polarized planar printed antenna concept with shaped radiation pattern
FR2963168A1 (fr) * 2010-07-26 2012-01-27 Bouygues Telecom Sa Antenne imprimee a rayonnement directif de preference optiquement transparente
WO2012013644A1 (fr) * 2010-07-26 2012-02-02 Bouygues Telecom Antenne imprimee a rayonnement directif de preference optiquement transparente
CN106207495A (zh) * 2016-08-23 2016-12-07 江苏省东方世纪网络信息有限公司 双极化天线及其辐射单元

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US4922263A (en) 1990-05-01
FR2598036A1 (fr) 1987-10-30
JPH01125005A (ja) 1989-05-17
DE3770863D1 (de) 1991-07-25
FR2598036B1 (fr) 1988-08-12
EP0243289B1 (de) 1991-06-19

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