EP0238478A2 - Filière d'extrusion - Google Patents

Filière d'extrusion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0238478A2
EP0238478A2 EP87890051A EP87890051A EP0238478A2 EP 0238478 A2 EP0238478 A2 EP 0238478A2 EP 87890051 A EP87890051 A EP 87890051A EP 87890051 A EP87890051 A EP 87890051A EP 0238478 A2 EP0238478 A2 EP 0238478A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
die
section
essentially
steel
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP87890051A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0238478A3 (fr
Inventor
Alexander Kohnhauser
Kurt Haberfellner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Boehler GmbH
Original Assignee
Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke AG
Boehler GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke AG, Boehler GmbH filed Critical Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke AG
Publication of EP0238478A2 publication Critical patent/EP0238478A2/fr
Publication of EP0238478A3 publication Critical patent/EP0238478A3/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
    • B21C25/02—Dies
    • B21C25/025—Selection of materials therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
    • B21C25/02—Dies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a metallic die for the extrusion of metallic materials, preferably Al and its alloys, and non-ferrous metals, in particular Cu and its alloys, with a substantially disk-like flat die body with at least one opening, with a first opening section corresponding to the desired strand cross section in the pressing direction a further opening section connects, which is essentially transverse to the pressing direction at least identical, preferably essentially on all sides wider than the final shaping section.
  • the process of extruding metals is such that a block of the metal to be pressed is brought to the deformation temperature and, with the application of a high pressing pressure, forming a continuous metal strand or several such strands with the desired cross section through the shaping opening or several such openings of an extrusion die is pressed.
  • devices for extrusion have a block transducer with heat-resistant and pressure-resistant walls, into which the heated metal block is introduced, to which the required pressure, for example, is then applied, for example by means of a plunger movable in the block transducer. At its end, the block sensor is closed off by the extrusion die.
  • This itself can be held in a lateral position by a die holder, which includes it, for example, on the periphery, the die holder being supported in the pressing direction on a pressure plate arranged in the tool holder.
  • the die which is subjected to high mechanical stresses, is placed on one of its blocks
  • the side facing away from the space is supported as far as possible on the matrix support tool, which in turn is usually also supported on the aforementioned pressure plate of the tool holder.
  • dies with an essentially flat disk-like die body are used, with a shaping opening or openings being or being designed such that a first section, into which the Compressing metal arrives first, has a cross-sectional area and content that essentially corresponds to the end profile of the strand to be produced.
  • this end-forming breakthrough section merges into a further section, which in any case has at least the same cross-sectional area as the end-forming breakthrough, but usually in the manner of an undercut, in comparison to the first section, substantially widened or widened in all directions transverse to the strand movement direction has widening cross section.
  • the transition from the end-forming first section to the expanded following section is usually relatively sharp-edged.
  • the end-forming breakthrough section on the inlet side may have no or only a very short, approximately conical inlet section.
  • the materials used for the extrusion dies described which can be selected differently depending on the non-ferrous metal to be pressed, have been sawn from hot-worked steel, for example those made of material, for the extrusion of aluminum and its alloys 1.2343, 1.2344, 1.2567 used in hardened and tempered or subsequently nitrided condition.
  • Such matrices for aluminum are suitable for working temperatures in the range of 450 ° C, which occur at the usual extrusion speeds.
  • the temperature of the heated block is higher, namely in the range of about 750 - 1040 °
  • commonly used dies are used, which are coated with high-alloy hot-work steel, eg material no. 1.2581, 1.2678, 1.2886 or 1.2888, with precipitation-hardening Cu or Mo-Ni steels, e.g. 1.6354 or with special alloys, especially those based on Co, Ni or Mo, are used.
  • high-speed high-speed steels for the extrusion of aluminum or its alloys, as well as cobalt, molybdenum or nickel-based alloys for copper and its alloys for dies with more complicated shaped openings, with openings of larger cross-sectional area and for Matrices with a plurality of breakthroughs showed that the usability of the hard materials mentioned is limited by the occurrence of heat and fire cracks, so that the tools usually have to be mechanically and thermally reworked or re-treated after a short period of use, which is expensive and too leads to increased downtimes.
  • the invention has set itself the task of creating extrusion dies in which, despite the use of increased pressing speeds, the disadvantages described do not occur and in which, with a long service life, the extrusion of the metals and alloys mentioned is possible with increased throughput, the risk of cracking mentioned being complicated even shaped breakthroughs of the die is no longer present and the described shrinkage does not occur.
  • the invention relates to a metallic die for Extrusion of metallic materials, preferably non-ferrous metals, such as in particular Al and Cu and their alloys with a substantially disk-like die body with at least one opening, with a further opening section adjoining the desired extrusion cross section in the metal movement direction, which is essentially identical at least transversely to the pressing direction , preferably is substantially wider on all sides than the final shaping section, which essentially consists in the fact that the die body is constructed from at least two die parts, which are made of different metallic materials and which are joined together by at least two die parts which adjoin one another over at least one, preferably essentially flat, surface extending transversely to the pressing direction the first at least the entire final shaping breakthrough section and the further essentially the subsequent further breakthrough section which preferably has an exemption
  • the die part with the final shaping section made of a material with high wear and heat resistance, preferably high-alloy hot-work steel, high-speed steel, precipitation hardener or superalloy, in particular on a Co, Ni or Mo basis
  • the materials for the wear-resistant die part advantageously have HRC values of over 43, preferably over 50, at their respective operating temperatures.
  • Favorable values of the strength of the supporting die part are over 700, preferably over 1000 N / mm2, the impact work can be over 150, preferably over 200 J / cm2. Due to the identical metallic integral composite without foreign metal between the materials of the die parts and their mutual support function, the occurrence of the hot and fire cracks described above in the high-temperature and wear-resistant material can be practically completely eliminated, and extrusion dies are obtained which have a longer service life with a significantly increased throughput . The mentioned problems of shrinkage do not occur with the matrices that are held.
  • the layer structure means that a large part of the expensive, highly heat-resistant material can be saved.
  • the new extrusion matrices can be obtained by one of the known layer or composite steel manufacturing processes are, for example by forging, explosion or rolling composite, by, preferably hot isostatic pressing, or the like, the latter, optionally with subsequent deformation steps, such as forging or rolling.
  • the matrices according to the invention can also be used in a different way with high efficiency, with a homogeneous, high-strength metallic composite on the composite surface of the two die parts, with the advantage that both have a fiber course, essentially transverse to the pressing direction Manufacture difficult to connect materials by rolling.
  • sheet metal which is formed with the different metallic materials and is to be joined together flat, is arranged one above the other after straightening and cleaning, welded gas-tight at the edges and close to the solidus temperature, for example at about 1150 ° C., for example about 2 to 2.5 times Rolled deformation, the different deformation resistances of the two materials being taken into account when choosing the thickness of the sheets used, taking into account the desired thickness ratios of the two die parts.
  • the ratio of the thicknesses of the two die parts which are integrally metallically connected to one another, namely that with the heat-resistant, wear-resistant steel to that with the heat-resistant steel, should not exceed 1: 1, since otherwise susceptibility to cracks or shrinkage can occur. It is particularly preferred if the die part having the essentially final shaping opening section has a thickness which is about 0.45 to a fifth, preferably about a third to a quarter, of the total thickness of the die body.
  • rolled-bonded layer steel was used in the combination of hot-work steel 1.2344 with high-speed steel 1.3343, the thickness of the support being 1.3343 4 mm with a total thickness of 20 mm.
  • Production was carried out by roll cladding, whereby a homogeneous metallic bond was achieved.
  • circular blanks with a diameter of 180 mm were removed, pre-machined on the outer jacket and on the flat sides, and the starting holes for wire EDM were made.
  • the subsequent heat treatment was carried out in a salt bath at a temperature of 1150 ° C with quenching in a warm bath of 520 - 540 ° C.
  • the dies were then tempered twice at 620 ° C, bringing the hardness of the high-speed steel to 51 HRC.
  • the finishing was then carried out, with circularly arranged, 10 approximately square-C-shaped profile openings with a width of 2.5 mm being worked out by means of wire EDM.
  • a relaxing tempering was carried out at 580 ° C after the electrical discharge machining.
  • salt bath nitriding was carried out, the immersion time being set to 10 minutes.
  • This die was used on a 16 MN press for pressing AlMgSiO, 5. It was compared to conventional, made of steel material no. 1.2344 (nitrided) matrices increased the service life to about 4 times.
  • Layer steel matrices produced by roll plating were used in the combination of a steel with 0.40% C, 2.6% Cr, 2.6% Mo, 0.9% V, 0.3% Nb, 0.005% B as a carrier material and a cobalt-based alloy, material No. 2.4979 with 0.05% C, 0.27% Cr, 6.0% Mo, 62.0% Co and 4.0% Fe as a heat-resistant material.
  • the total thickness of the disk-shaped die was 35 mm, the wear-resistant die part being 10 mm thick.
  • the die After the compound rolling, the die was provided in the hard-rolled state by means of spark erosion with 4 openings, which had a cross-shaped branching.
  • the heat treatment was then carried out in the form of curing at 700 ° C - 10 h / air, after which manufacturing work is carried out.
  • the strength of the highly wear-resistant die part was 372 HB and that of the load-bearing part was 357 HB.
  • a particular advantage was found that, due to the metallic composite, the known release of the die insert from the socket caused by shrinking the Co-base alloy when it forms the die body alone did not occur, and the formation of fire cracks was also not observed.
  • the service life when pressing the above-mentioned profiles from a Cu base alloy at 840 ° and 16 MN pressing force was increased to about 2.5 times that of flat dies made in one piece from the Co base alloy.
  • the drawing shows a section along the axis through a die 1 according to the invention for aluminum or Al with small additions of alloys such as Mn, Mg, Si, whose die body 10, which is identical to it, is constructed here with two die parts 2 and 3, which are essentially on a common one to the matrix body main surfaces 20 and 30 parallel surface 23 with each other metallic lumpy die body 10 are connected. With r the direction of metal movement is designated.
  • the die part 2 is made of a highly heat and wear-resistant metallic material or steel, while the die part 3 is made of a medium-alloy, heat-resistant steel.
  • the die part 2 Arranged in the die part 2 in its entirety is the end-forming breakthrough section 25 as well as a small part of the more conically diverging start of the outlet section 35 of the breakthrough which follows it with sharp edges, while the die part 3 essentially has the breakthrough section 35 widening in the direction r. On the inlet side, the edge of the first breakthrough section 25 is broken by an extremely short inlet cone 26.
  • the thicknesses of the two die parts 2 and 3 are 1: 3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
EP87890051A 1986-03-18 1987-03-18 Filière d'extrusion Ceased EP0238478A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0072086A AT386772B (de) 1986-03-18 1986-03-18 Strangpressmatrize
AT720/86 1986-03-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0238478A2 true EP0238478A2 (fr) 1987-09-23
EP0238478A3 EP0238478A3 (fr) 1990-03-14

Family

ID=3498033

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87890051A Ceased EP0238478A3 (fr) 1986-03-18 1987-03-18 Filière d'extrusion

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4773251A (fr)
EP (1) EP0238478A3 (fr)
AT (1) AT386772B (fr)
AU (1) AU590398B2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1176222A2 (fr) * 2000-06-30 2002-01-30 General Electric Company Traitement thermique d'un insert de matrice en supperalliages à base de Ni

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK0656235T3 (da) * 1993-12-01 1998-02-02 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Hul ekstruderdyse til ekstrudering af et hult element af en zinkholdig aluminiumlegering
JP2735171B2 (ja) * 1993-12-27 1998-04-02 本田技研工業株式会社 軽合金の押出し加工方法
JP3567264B2 (ja) * 1996-10-28 2004-09-22 愛三工業株式会社 チタン用熱間押出鍛造型
EP2533917A1 (fr) * 2010-02-12 2012-12-19 Norsk Hydro ASA Matrice d'extrusion modulaire
KR20140038974A (ko) * 2011-06-22 2014-03-31 베파 싱엔 게엠바하 압출 다이 위에 코팅을 형성하기 위한 방법

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1840472A (en) * 1928-03-24 1932-01-12 Singer Fritz Matrix die for extruding solid and hollow articles
DE545185C (de) * 1928-07-03 1932-04-28 Fritz Singer Dr Matrize fuer Strangpressen
DE560186C (de) * 1932-09-29 Fritz Singer Dr Matrize fuer Strangpressen
GB430230A (en) * 1934-01-23 1935-06-14 Krupp Ag Improvements in or relating to drawing dies
US2042012A (en) * 1932-02-15 1936-05-26 Forging And Casting Corp Method of manufacturing composite dies
CH300368A (fr) * 1951-11-08 1954-07-31 Comptoir Ind Etirage Ensemble comprenant une filière et un porte-filière pour le filage à chaud des métaux.
US3112828A (en) * 1959-02-09 1963-12-03 Fred L Hill Extrusion dies
GB966775A (en) * 1960-12-23 1964-08-19 Du Pont Extrusion die
US3680354A (en) * 1970-03-23 1972-08-01 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Die assembly
FR2437890A1 (fr) * 1978-10-06 1980-04-30 Carmet Co Dispositif de filiere, destinee notamment a l'etirage de corps de boites en fer etame
JPS59130626A (ja) * 1983-12-16 1984-07-27 Fuji Die Kk 熱間押出しダイス

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1297825A (en) * 1916-11-04 1919-03-18 Gen Electric Metal-drawing die.
US2058110A (en) * 1934-01-23 1936-10-20 Gen Electric Drawing die
US2236288A (en) * 1940-04-04 1941-03-25 Carboloy Company Inc Method for making wire drawing dies
DE870685C (de) * 1944-10-08 1953-03-16 Ver Leichtmetallwerke G M B H Gekuehlte Matrize zum Strangpressen von Metallen
GB1109871A (en) * 1964-08-10 1968-04-18 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Improvements in or relating to extrusion apparatus
CH527006A (fr) * 1970-08-04 1972-08-31 Alusuisse Matrice pour la déformation des métaux
CA967403A (en) * 1971-02-23 1975-05-13 International Nickel Company Of Canada Nickel alloy with good stress rupture strength

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE560186C (de) * 1932-09-29 Fritz Singer Dr Matrize fuer Strangpressen
US1840472A (en) * 1928-03-24 1932-01-12 Singer Fritz Matrix die for extruding solid and hollow articles
DE545185C (de) * 1928-07-03 1932-04-28 Fritz Singer Dr Matrize fuer Strangpressen
US2042012A (en) * 1932-02-15 1936-05-26 Forging And Casting Corp Method of manufacturing composite dies
GB430230A (en) * 1934-01-23 1935-06-14 Krupp Ag Improvements in or relating to drawing dies
CH300368A (fr) * 1951-11-08 1954-07-31 Comptoir Ind Etirage Ensemble comprenant une filière et un porte-filière pour le filage à chaud des métaux.
US3112828A (en) * 1959-02-09 1963-12-03 Fred L Hill Extrusion dies
GB966775A (en) * 1960-12-23 1964-08-19 Du Pont Extrusion die
US3680354A (en) * 1970-03-23 1972-08-01 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Die assembly
FR2437890A1 (fr) * 1978-10-06 1980-04-30 Carmet Co Dispositif de filiere, destinee notamment a l'etirage de corps de boites en fer etame
JPS59130626A (ja) * 1983-12-16 1984-07-27 Fuji Die Kk 熱間押出しダイス

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 8, Nr. 258 (M-340)[1695], 27. November 1984; & JP-A-59 130 626 (FUJI DIE K.K.) 27-07-1984 *
STAHL UND EISEN, Band 86, Nr. 15, 28. Juli 1966, Seiten 967-979; H. BRAUN et al.: "Molybd{nmatrizen f}r das Strangpressen von Stahlprofilen" *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1176222A2 (fr) * 2000-06-30 2002-01-30 General Electric Company Traitement thermique d'un insert de matrice en supperalliages à base de Ni
EP1176222A3 (fr) * 2000-06-30 2002-03-06 General Electric Company Traitement thermique d'un insert de matrice en supperalliages à base de Ni

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4773251A (en) 1988-09-27
EP0238478A3 (fr) 1990-03-14
AT386772B (de) 1988-10-10
ATA72086A (de) 1988-03-15
AU7014387A (en) 1987-09-24
AU590398B2 (en) 1989-11-02

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