EP0229328B1 - Compulsory mixer for continuous as well as batch processing - Google Patents

Compulsory mixer for continuous as well as batch processing Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0229328B1
EP0229328B1 EP86117261A EP86117261A EP0229328B1 EP 0229328 B1 EP0229328 B1 EP 0229328B1 EP 86117261 A EP86117261 A EP 86117261A EP 86117261 A EP86117261 A EP 86117261A EP 0229328 B1 EP0229328 B1 EP 0229328B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixing
twin
trough
mixer according
shafts
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EP86117261A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0229328A1 (en
Inventor
Rudolf Martinek
Johannes Oertel
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BHS Bayerische Berg Hutten und Salzwerke AG
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BHS Bayerische Berg Hutten und Salzwerke AG
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Application filed by BHS Bayerische Berg Hutten und Salzwerke AG filed Critical BHS Bayerische Berg Hutten und Salzwerke AG
Priority to AT86117261T priority Critical patent/ATE66383T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
    • B01F27/701—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms comprising two or more shafts, e.g. in consecutive mixing chambers
    • B01F27/702—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms comprising two or more shafts, e.g. in consecutive mixing chambers with intermeshing paddles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a double-shaft compulsory mixer for mixing powdery, granular and plastic materials, for example for the production of building material mixtures or the like, comprising a mixing trough and in this mixing trough two mutually parallel end walls that are essentially parallel to one another and to the longitudinal axis of the mixing trough of the mixing trough extending, counter-driven, with - in particular a helix coiled - mixing tools equipped mixing shafts with a substantially horizontally aligned axis of rotation, the direction of rotation of the mixing shafts around their axes of rotation is selected so that the mixing tools between the mixing shafts run upwards, and the Mixing tools of the individual mixing shafts are designed and arranged in such a way that they bring about an opposing direction of conveyance along the individual mixing shafts and thus a circulation along a circulation path, and furthermore a comprehensive feed means for introducing granular and possibly liquid mixed material components into the mixing trough and a closable bottom emptying opening arranged in the mixing
  • the continuously operating double-shaft batch mixer is used for larger throughputs - but with limited mixing quality, and the discontinuously operating double-shaft batch mixer for smaller throughputs - but with high mixing quality.
  • the mixing process takes place continuously in the longitudinal direction of the mixing trough on the path between the inlet and outlet openings.
  • the two mixing shafts are driven in opposite directions so that their mixing tools move upwards between the two shafts.
  • the orientation of the mixing tools on both shafts is such that the mixing tools convey on both shafts in the same direction towards the outlet opening. For good and uniform homogeneity of the mix, it is a prerequisite that all mix components are continuously metered to the mixer without errors will.
  • the double-shaft continuous mixer can no longer correct incorrect dosing at a later date because the mixing process between the two mixing units arranged in parallel takes place only in an effective cross-section moving in the direction of transport (see brochure "BHS continuous mixer” P - 2 / 3-83 , Page 2, "Mixing unit” and special print of an article by Dipl.-Ing. (FH) R. Martinek, Sonthofen, "Double-shaft trough mixer in batch and continuous construction", last page).
  • a double-shaft compulsory mixer for processing feed which operates continuously, the intention being to mix solid feed and liquid feed.
  • the two parallel mixing shafts run in opposite directions, in such a way that the mixing tools run downwards between the mixing shafts.
  • the two mixing shafts convey in opposite directions.
  • An outlet with an adjustable cross-section is provided in the bottom of the mixing trough near one end wall between the two mixing shafts.
  • An inlet opening is provided in the area of the other end wall above the mixing shaft which conveys this other end wall. Batch operation is not possible with this device, since batch operation requires a short-term emptying, which is not possible due to the bottom emptying opening intended for continuous operation.
  • a mixing machine for powdery materials is known from DE-C-29 394, in which the mixing shafts with their mixing tools likewise convey in the opposite direction and the addition and removal are continuous are.
  • the directions of rotation of the mixing shafts are selected so that the mixing tools run upwards between the mixing shafts.
  • the mixing process takes place with a circulating mix movement, but with a simultaneous exchange of mix between the two mixers.
  • the two shafts are driven in opposite directions.
  • the orientation of the mixing tools on the two shafts is such that the mixing tools of the one shaft convey in a first direction and the mixing tools of the second shaft in the opposite direction, so that the result is a circular movement of the material to be mixed.
  • This mode of action creates a particularly intensive mixing of all mix components.
  • a work cycle is made up of: loading, mixing and emptying. The mixing process takes place with the floor discharge opening closed and the mixing duration can be selected.
  • the mixing material components are generally added in batches, and emptying takes place within a short emptying time through an appropriately sized bottom emptying opening which extends in the bottom of the mixing trough between the two shafts almost over the entire length of the mixing trough (see, for example, brochure "BHS- Double-shaft compulsory mixer "h-3 / ll-84, pages 2 and 3 and special print of the essay by Martinek (lc), page l).
  • the invention is based on the object, starting from a double-shaft compulsory mixer of the type described, as is known for example from the prospectus "BHS double-shaft compulsory mixer” h-3 / 11-84, to provide a structure which is equally suitable for batch operation and continuous operation can be used.
  • a discharge opening arrangement is provided for continuous mixing operation, which can be switched between an open position for continuous mixing operation and a closing position for batch-wise mixing operation with the bottom discharge opening closed in each case
  • b) that the discharge opening arrangement is in the region of one of the two End walls is that a suitable and suitable for the continuous loading of the mixing trough with granular mixture components is arranged at a location along the circulation path at an axial distance from the end wall in the area of which the discharge opening arrangement is located.
  • the mixing quality in continuous mixing operation can be adjusted particularly favorably by the fact that the feed of the granular mixture components into the mixing trough lies in the region of the mixing shaft which conveys away from the end wall adjacent to the discharge opening arrangement. In this way, an extended path of the continuously conveyed mix is achieved.
  • Optimal mixing ratios for continuous operation in the sense of suppressing the migration of unmixed granular mixture components to the discharge opening arrangement can be achieved if the feed of the feed means of the granular mixture components is at a distance from the end wall which is distant from the discharge opening arrangement, which is approximately 30 to 70% the clear length of the mixing trough in the mixing shaft direction.
  • the discharge opening arrangement can extend approximately between the deepest points of the double trough-shaped bottom of the mixing trough, which means that even liquid residues are reliably removed.
  • the feed means for liquid mixed material components are arranged approximately along the entire batch circulation path within the mixing trough, and that, for continuous operation, the liquid outflow from the feed means can be limited to a partial extent of the batch circulation path along an end wall and along the mixing shafts, in particular on the partial circumference from the point at which the feed means of the granular mix component to a point in front of the discharge opening arrangement.
  • the double-shaft compulsory mixer can also be adapted to the mode of operation with a simple changeover measure with regard to the liquid requirement.
  • the proposed restriction of the liquid supply to part of the batch recirculation path is advantageous because it can prevent unmixed liquid from escaping.
  • the changeover from batch operation to continuous operation becomes particularly easy when the feed means for the liquid mixed material components consist of two separately supplied U-tubes with liquid delivery points distributed over their length, which are arranged above the mixing shafts, with a first one intended for continuous operation U-tube - viewed in plan view - runs approximately along the mixing shaft axes and along the end wall remote from the discharge opening arrangement, and a second U-tube supplements the first U-tube to form an approximately closed loop.
  • the feeding means for the granular mixture components comprise a separate feeding point, in particular an inlet funnel, for batch feeding, namely between the two mixing shafts and preferably in the longitudinal center of the mixing trough between the two end walls.
  • the two mixing units are equipped with a reversing device at the end at which the movement of the batch of material caused by them hits an end wall, which the material to be mixed is deflected along the respective end wall towards the other mixer.
  • a baffle element In order to be able to influence the circulating movement of the batch of material in the mixing trough, it is possible for a baffle element to be arranged in the circulation path of the batch of material in front of the discharge opening arrangement, in a rigid or adjustable manner, for example by pivoting or pulling out.
  • This dam element can be provided with openings of any number, shape and size. This damming element is particularly advantageous for the continuous mode of operation in order to be able to regulate the discharge.
  • the discharge opening arrangement can be designed with a single or double flat slide closure, but also with a single or double flap closure or also with a segment closure.
  • a single or double flap closure is also an alternative to the rotary slide closure in view of the large length.
  • This fill level control can measure the batch size or the fill level by means of a batch size signal transmitter, in particular a fill level probe, and correct deviations from a target size by changing the mix component loading and / or the mix exit.
  • the double-shaft compulsory mixer for continuous and / or discontinuous operation essentially consists of a mixing trough 1 with at least one elongated, rectangular bottom emptying opening 2 arranged at the bottom in the longitudinal direction yy, which can be opened or closed via an emptying closure 9 and over most of the length of the floor.
  • a discharge opening arrangement 3 is arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction y-y in a squat, rectangular shape at the bottom in the mixing trough, near the trough end wall l2 and can also be opened or closed via an emptying closure l0.
  • the two drainage closures 9 and 10 together take up almost the entire length of the bottom.
  • mixers 5 and 6 are provided, the horizontal shafts 4 of which are mounted on both sides outside the trough end walls l2 and l3 in bearings 8 and via a z.
  • one-sided mixer drive 7 driven synchronously in the opposite direction of rotation x will.
  • Both mixers 5 and 6 are paddle mixers which consist of a transport and mixing device, ie of several mixing arms 14 arranged in series with mixing blades 15 and a reversing device, ie of at least one clearing arm 16 with a reversing tool, namely a clearing blade 17, and each on a mixing shaft 4 are fastened, the mixing blades l5 having the same direction, but left-handed spiral, the clearing blades 17 being arranged opposite, that is to say right-handed.
  • each mixing unit in the area of the storage zone A near the trough end walls l2 and l3 is equipped with at least one clearing arm l6, one of which clearing bucket l7 arranged in an oppositely increasing manner, which transports the jammed mix out of the accumulation zone A to the suction zone B and thereby gives the mix a deflection movement component away from the associated end wall l2, l3.
  • This process also substantially supports the circulating mix movement z and keeps it flowing.
  • a so-called storage plate 11, rigid or adjustable, can be swung out or pulled out, which, depending on the requirement, also has openings 18 can be provided in any number, shape and size.
  • the circulating mix movement z can be additionally slowed down as required with the aim of increasing the residence time or throughput time of the mix in the mixing trough.
  • a covering hood 19 is arranged above the mixing trough 1, in which at least two inlet funnels 20 and 21 for the addition of the granular mixture components and two U-shaped pipes 22 and 23 for the addition of the liquid mixture components are arranged.
  • the inlet funnel 20 is attached to a defined feed point above the longitudinal axis of the mixer 6. This ensures that with continuous operation the mixing process between the paddle mixers 5 and 6 takes place over a long transport path, starting at the feed point E and ending at the emptying point F.
  • a second inlet funnel 21 can be arranged in the middle area of the mixing trough between the paddle mixers 5 and 6, in order to be able to add the granular mix components in the middle of the trough with discontinuous operation and difficult to mix mixes with the aim of reducing the mixing time and increasing the mixer throughput.
  • L o is the distance from the center E to the mixing trough front wall 13; L is the inner length of the mixing trough 1 between the end walls 12 and 13.
  • the U-shaped pipelines 22 and 23 are provided with holes or nozzles 24 and with pipe connections 27 laid at any point to the outside, via which the liquid mixture components are supplied.
  • the legs of both U-shaped stirring lines are of different lengths.
  • the charging means 22 for the liquid mixed material components extend to a point L 1 which is approximately 50 to 85%, preferably approximately 75%, of the clear mixed tub length L. from that of the discharge port arrangement 3 distant end wall l3 is removed.
  • the U-shaped pipeline 22 is used in discontinuous operation.
  • any mix e.g. also concrete and mortar or mineral mixtures for hydraulically bound base layers for road construction in continuous or discontinuous mode of operation through the advantage of the circulating mixture movement in direction z with simultaneous mixture exchange between the two mixers 5 and 6 with high mixing quality.
  • both openings 2 and 3 remain closed while the mixing trough 1 is being filled.
  • the filling process is interrupted and the mixture introduced is completed within an adjustable pre-mixing time.
  • the continuous mode of operation is initiated by a regulated, continuous emptying of the material to be mixed with a simultaneous, coordinated continuation of continuous mixer loading.
  • this measure ensures a uniform, homogeneous mix from start to finish without the disadvantageous fluctuations in homogeneity during the filling phase, as is inherent in the known continuous mixing process.
  • the time for the material flow to be switched off after the filling phase can be controlled either via a timing relay, level probe or the load on the drive motor.
  • each continuous mixing process begins with the emptying phase or switching off the mixer feed.
  • the emptying phase takes place when the discharge opening arrangement 3 is open and lasts until the mixing trough is cleared. By additionally opening the bottom emptying opening 2, the complete emptying of the mixing trough can be accelerated.
  • the mixer operates discontinuously, all of the granular and liquid components of the mix are metered in batches, the granular components likewise being able to be added via the inlet funnel 20 or else via the second inlet funnel 2l. However, the liquid mixture components are to be metered simultaneously via the separate pipes 22 and 23. Depending on the requirements in the discontinuous mode of operation, the dust plate 11 can either be partially or completely pivoted out or be pulled out.
  • the mixing process takes place at any desired mixing duration and always with openings 2 and 3 closed.
  • openings 2 and 3 For emptying the mixing trough, it is preferable to use the bottom emptying opening 2, but it is also possible to empty both openings 2 and 3 at the same time in order to accelerate the emptying process .
  • the closure 9 for the bottom emptying opening 2 can be designed as a rotary slide closure or as a single or double flap closure, any opening positions being adjustable.
  • the closure 10 for the discharge opening arrangement 3 can be designed as a single or double flap closure, as a segment closure or also as a single or double flat slide closure, wherein in the double flat slide closure both flat slides can be arranged offset in height from one another.
  • twin-shaft batch mixer can also be used to fall or rise in the longitudinal direction.
  • a start-up batch of granular mixing components is first entered through the funnels 20 and / or 2l.
  • the corresponding amount of liquid mix components is supplied through the U-tubes 22 and / or 23.
  • the two openings 2 and 3 are closed.
  • mixing is first carried out without removal, the mixing occurring especially in the area between the two shafts 4, where the mixing blades going upward cause turbulence to promote the mixing process.
  • the start-up phase ends.
  • Granular mixture components are now continuously fed through the feed hopper 20, possibly premixed or in parallel flows.
  • the discharge opening arrangement 3 is opened, to the extent that a quantity of mixed material is drawn off per time unit which corresponds to the mixed material components supplied per unit time.
  • liquid mixture components are continuously supplied through the U-tube 22.
  • the granular mix components can comprise fine powdery components up to coarse-grained components.
  • the mutual coordination of the supply of mixed material components through the hopper 20 and the tapping of mixed material through the discharge opening arrangement 3 is carried out by a control system, not shown, which ensures that the batch of mixed material stationary in the mixing trough remains constant. If there is temporarily no need for mixed material, the supply of mixed material components and the drawing off of mixed material can be temporarily stopped without the mixing units 5 and 6 being switched off.
  • the position of the inlet funnel 20 ensures that there is a relatively long way for the mixed material components added through the inlet funnel 20 to reach the discharge opening arrangement 3 in continuous operation.
  • the inlet funnel 20 should not be approached up to the immediate vicinity of the end wall l2, since in this case the cross-conveying action of the mixing blades l5 could lead to unmixed mixture components getting into the area of the mixer 5 and through its mixing blades on a too short remaining path to the Discharge opening arrangement 3 are transported.
  • the system If the system is to be shut down, it can be emptied gradually through the discharge opening arrangement 3 after the supply of the mixed material components has been switched off, or very much faster through the additional opening of the bottom emptying opening 2.
  • the mix components are preferably fed through the hopper 2l, which can be dimensioned so large that it can be loaded, for example, by means of a gripper. Basically, however, feeding through the inlet funnel 20 is also possible for discontinuous operation. Mixing takes place with openings 2 and 3 closed until the desired homogenization is achieved. The entire batch is then removed through the bottom emptying opening 2 and, if appropriate, additionally through the discharge opening arrangement 3.
  • the liquid mixed material components are preferably supplied only at the beginning of the same approximately simultaneously or immediately after the introduction of the granular mixed material component, namely by both U. -Tubes 22 and 23.
  • a particular advantage of the invention lies in the fact that one and the same system can be used both continuously and batchwise. Continuous work is carried out, for example, when mix material is continuously requested, for example on large trucks with a flying loading change, concrete pumps, etc. By appropriately coordinating the continuous supply of mix material and the continuous supply of mix material to the size of the stationary batch circulated in the mixing trough for a more or less qualitative high-quality mix. On the one hand, you can work with a high output, for example when you need a lean concrete for road substructures, the quality of which is not subject to any special requirements, and on the other hand, you can also obtain a high-quality mix in continuous operation with a correspondingly lower throughput.
  • the discontinuous mode of operation will generally be used for the production of mixed material of the highest quality and, on the other hand, when the mixed material is required in batches, in large quantities per unit of time.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

A double-shaft forced-feed mixer, for example for building material mixtures, is proposed which is assembled according to the principle of movement of the batch-type mixer and is usable both for continuous and discontinuous operation.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Doppelwellen-Zwangsmischer zum Vermischen von pulverigen, körnigen und plastischen Mischgütern, z B. zur Herstellung von Baustoffgemischen oder dergleichen, umfassend einen Mischtrog und in diesem Mischtrog zwei zueinander und zur Längsachse des Mischtrogs im wesentlichen parallele, sich zwischen einander gegenüberliegenden Stirnwänden des Mischtroges erstreckende, gegenläufig angetriebene, mit - insbesondere einer Schraubenlinie folgend gewendelten - Mischwerkzeugen bestückte Mischwellen mit im wesentlichen horizontal ausgerichteter Drehachse, wobei die Drehrichtung der Mischwellen um ihre Drehachsen so gewählt ist, daß die Mischwerkzeuge zwischen den Mischwellen nach oben laufen, und wobei die Mischwerkzeuge der einzelnen Mischwellen derart ausgebildet und angeordnet sind, daß sie eine gegenläufige Förderrichtung längs der einzelnen Mischwellen bewirken und damit eine Zirkulation längs eines Zirkulationswegs, und ferner umfassend Beschickungsmittel zum Einführen körniger und ggf. flüssiger Mischgutkomponenten in den Mischtrog und eine im Mischtrogboden zwischen den beiden Mischwellen angeordnete, sich über einen Großteil der Troglänge erstreckende verschließbare Bodenentleeröffnung, insbesondere als Drehschieberverschluß.The invention relates to a double-shaft compulsory mixer for mixing powdery, granular and plastic materials, for example for the production of building material mixtures or the like, comprising a mixing trough and in this mixing trough two mutually parallel end walls that are essentially parallel to one another and to the longitudinal axis of the mixing trough of the mixing trough extending, counter-driven, with - in particular a helix coiled - mixing tools equipped mixing shafts with a substantially horizontally aligned axis of rotation, the direction of rotation of the mixing shafts around their axes of rotation is selected so that the mixing tools between the mixing shafts run upwards, and the Mixing tools of the individual mixing shafts are designed and arranged in such a way that they bring about an opposing direction of conveyance along the individual mixing shafts and thus a circulation along a circulation path, and furthermore a comprehensive feed means for introducing granular and possibly liquid mixed material components into the mixing trough and a closable bottom emptying opening arranged in the mixing trough bottom between the two mixing shafts and extending over a large part of the trough length, in particular as a rotary slide valve closure.

Bisher sind in der Mischtechnik für die beiden Arbeitsweisen des kontinuierlichen Mischens und des chargenweisen Mischens auch zwei unterschiedliche Mischer notwendig, die sich getrennt ihren festen Anwendungsbereich erworben haben. Für größere Durchsatzleistungen - jedoch bei eingeschränkter Mischgütewird der kontinuierlich arbeitende Doppelwellen-Durchlaufmischer, für kleinere Durchsatzleistungen - jedoch bei hoher Mischgüte - der diskontinuierlich arbeitende Doppelwellen-Chargenmischer eingesetzt.So far, two different mixers have been necessary in the mixing technology for the two working methods of continuous mixing and batchwise mixing, which have separately acquired their fixed area of application. The continuously operating double-shaft batch mixer is used for larger throughputs - but with limited mixing quality, and the discontinuously operating double-shaft batch mixer for smaller throughputs - but with high mixing quality.

Beide Mischsysteme sind in ihrem Aufbau zwar ähnlich, unterscheiden sich jedoch gravierend in ihrer Arbeitsweise.The structure of both mixing systems is similar, but they differ significantly in the way they work.

Im Doppelwellen-Durchlaufmischer vollzieht sich der Mischprozeß kontinuierlich in Längsrichtung des Mischtroges auf der Wegstrecke zwischen Einlauf- und Auslauföffnung. Dabei sind die beiden Mischwellen gegensinnig angetrieben, so daß ihre Mischwerkzeuge sich zwischen den beiden Wellen nach oben bewegen. Die Orientierung der Mischwerkzeuge an beiden Wellen ist so, daß die Mischwerkzeuge an beiden Wellen in der gleichen Richtung zur Austrittsöffnung hin fördern. Für eine gute und gleichmäßige Homogenität des Mischgutes ist es Voraussetzung, daß dem Mischer alle Mischgutkomponenten kontinuierlich fehlerlos dosiert zugeführt werden. Eine zeitlich fehlerhafte Dosierung kann vom Doppelwellen-Durchlaufmischer nachträglich nicht mehr korrigiert werden, weil sich der Mischprozeß zwischen den beiden parallel zueinander angeordneten Mischwerken nur in einem sich in Transportrichtung fortbewegenden Wirkquerschnitt vollzieht (siehe Prospekt "BHS-Durchlaufmischer" P - 2/3-83, Seite 2, "Mischwerk" und Sonderdruck eines Aufsatzes von Dipl.-Ing. (FH) R. Martinek, Sonthofen, "Doppelwellen-Trogmischer in Chargen-und kontinuierlicher Bauweise", letzte Seite).In the twin-shaft continuous mixer, the mixing process takes place continuously in the longitudinal direction of the mixing trough on the path between the inlet and outlet openings. The two mixing shafts are driven in opposite directions so that their mixing tools move upwards between the two shafts. The orientation of the mixing tools on both shafts is such that the mixing tools convey on both shafts in the same direction towards the outlet opening. For good and uniform homogeneity of the mix, it is a prerequisite that all mix components are continuously metered to the mixer without errors will. The double-shaft continuous mixer can no longer correct incorrect dosing at a later date because the mixing process between the two mixing units arranged in parallel takes place only in an effective cross-section moving in the direction of transport (see brochure "BHS continuous mixer" P - 2 / 3-83 , Page 2, "Mixing unit" and special print of an article by Dipl.-Ing. (FH) R. Martinek, Sonthofen, "Double-shaft trough mixer in batch and continuous construction", last page).

Aus dem DE-U- 76 3l 682 ist ein Doppelwellen-Zwangsmischer zur Aufbereitung von Futtermitteln bekannt, der kontinuierlich arbeitet, wobei das Mischen von festen Futtermitteln und flüssigen Futtermitteln beabsichtigt ist. Die beiden parallelen Mischwellen laufen gegenläufig um und zwar so, daß die Mischwerkzeuge zwischen den Mischwellen nach unten laufen. Die beiden Mischwellen fördern mit gegenläufiger Förderrichtung. Ein Auslauf mit regelbarem Querschnitt ist im Boden des Mischtrogs nahe der einen Stirnwand zwischen den beiden Mischwellen vorgesehen. Eine Einlauföffnung ist im Bereich der anderen Stirnwand über der zu dieser anderen Stirnwand hin fördernden Mischwelle vorgesehen. Ein chargenweiser Betrieb ist bei diesem Gerät nicht möglich, da ein chargenweiser Betrieb eine kurzzeitige Entleerung verlangt, welche durch die für den kontinuierlichen Betrieb bestimmte Bodenentleeröffnung nicht möglich ist.From DE-U-76 3l 682 a double-shaft compulsory mixer for processing feed is known which operates continuously, the intention being to mix solid feed and liquid feed. The two parallel mixing shafts run in opposite directions, in such a way that the mixing tools run downwards between the mixing shafts. The two mixing shafts convey in opposite directions. An outlet with an adjustable cross-section is provided in the bottom of the mixing trough near one end wall between the two mixing shafts. An inlet opening is provided in the area of the other end wall above the mixing shaft which conveys this other end wall. Batch operation is not possible with this device, since batch operation requires a short-term emptying, which is not possible due to the bottom emptying opening intended for continuous operation.

Aus der DE-C- 29 394 ist eine Mischmaschine für pulverige Materialien bekannt, bei der die Mischwellen mit ihren Mischwerkzeugen ebenfalls in gegenläufiger Richtung fördern und die Zugabe und die Entnahme kontinuierlich sind. Bei dieser bekannten Mischmaschine sind die Drehrichtungen der Mischwellen so gewählt, daß die Mischwerkzeuge zwischen den Mischwellen nach oben laufen.A mixing machine for powdery materials is known from DE-C-29 394, in which the mixing shafts with their mixing tools likewise convey in the opposite direction and the addition and removal are continuous are. In this known mixing machine, the directions of rotation of the mixing shafts are selected so that the mixing tools run upwards between the mixing shafts.

Im Doppelwellen-Chargenmischer vollzieht sich der Mischprozeß bei einer zirkulierenden Mischgutbewegung, jedoch bei einem gleichzeitigen Mischgutaustausch zwischen den beiden Mischwerken.In the twin-shaft batch mixer, the mixing process takes place with a circulating mix movement, but with a simultaneous exchange of mix between the two mixers.

Hierzu sind die beiden Wellen wiederum gegenläufig angetrieben. Die Orientierung der Mischwerkzeuge an den beiden Wellen ist eine solche, daß die Mischwerkzeuge der einen Welle in einer ersten Richtung fördern und die Mischwerkzeuge der zweiten Welle in entgegengesetzter Richtung, so daß im Resultat eine kreisende Bewegung des Mischgutes zustande kommt. Diese Wirkungsweise erzeugt eine besonders intensive Vermischung aller Mischgutkomponenten. Ein Arbeitszyklus setzt sich zusammen aus: Beschicken, Mischen und Entleeren. Der Mischprozeß erfolgt bei geschlossener Bodenentleeröffnung und die Mischdauer ist wählbar. Die Zugabe der Mischgutkomponenten geschieht in der Regel chargenweise, und die Entleerung erfolgt innerhalb kurzer Entleerungsdauer durch eine entsprechend groß bemessene Bodenentleeröffnung, die sich im Boden des Mischtroges zwischen den beiden Wellen annähernd über die gesamte Mischtroglänge erstreckt (siehe z. B. Prospekt "BHS-Doppelwellen-Zwangsmischer" h-3/ll-84, Seiten 2 und 3 sowie Sonderdruck des Aufsatzes von Martinek (l.c.), Seite l).For this purpose, the two shafts are driven in opposite directions. The orientation of the mixing tools on the two shafts is such that the mixing tools of the one shaft convey in a first direction and the mixing tools of the second shaft in the opposite direction, so that the result is a circular movement of the material to be mixed. This mode of action creates a particularly intensive mixing of all mix components. A work cycle is made up of: loading, mixing and emptying. The mixing process takes place with the floor discharge opening closed and the mixing duration can be selected. The mixing material components are generally added in batches, and emptying takes place within a short emptying time through an appropriately sized bottom emptying opening which extends in the bottom of the mixing trough between the two shafts almost over the entire length of the mixing trough (see, for example, brochure "BHS- Double-shaft compulsory mixer "h-3 / ll-84, pages 2 and 3 and special print of the essay by Martinek (lc), page l).

Aus der DE-A- 2l 4l 908 ist ein Doppelwellen-Zwangsmischer für Chargenbetrieb bekannt, bei dem im Mischtrogboden eine sich über einen Großteil von dessen Länge erstreckende Bodenentleeröffnung mit Drehschieberverschluß vorgesehen ist.From DE-A-2l 4l 908 a double-shaft compulsory mixer for batch operation is known, in which a bottom discharge opening with a rotary slide valve closure extends over a large part of its length in the mixing trough bottom is provided.

Aus der DE-C- 344 691 ist es bekannt, einen solchen Chargenmischer mit einer Bodenöffnung mit Doppelklappenverschluß auszurüsten.From DE-C-344 691 it is known to equip such a batch mixer with a bottom opening with a double flap lock.

Aus der GB-A- 1 154 636 ist es bekannt, bei einem Chargenmischer zwischen den beiden Mischerwellen einen Einlauftrichter vorzusehen.From GB-A-1 154 636 it is known to provide an inlet funnel for a batch mixer between the two mixer shafts.

Aus dem Buch "Straßenbaumaschinen" von Prof. Dr. A. I. Anochin, Verlag Technik Berlin 1952, Seiten 382, 383 ist es bekannt, bei einer Asphaltbetonmischmaschine einzelne Mischwerkzeuge so anzuordnen, daß sie mit ihrer Wendelüng einer Schraubenlinie folgen.From the book "Road Construction Machinery" by Prof. Dr. A.I. Anochin, Verlag Technik Berlin 1952, pages 382, 383, it is known to arrange individual mixing tools in an asphalt-concrete mixing machine in such a way that they follow a helical line with their turning elbow.

Aus der DE-A- 22 23 792 ist es bekannt, in einem Mischwerk eine Füllstandsregelung vorzusehen.From DE-A-22 23 792 it is known to provide a fill level control in a mixer.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ausgehend von einem Doppelwellen-Zwangsmischer der eingangs bezeichneten Art, wie er beispielsweise aus dem Prospekt "BHS-Doppelwellen-Zwangsmischer" h-3/11-84 bekannt ist, einen Aufbau anzugeben, der gleichermaßen für Chargenbetrieb und kontinuierlichen Betrieb eingesetzt werden kann.The invention is based on the object, starting from a double-shaft compulsory mixer of the type described, as is known for example from the prospectus "BHS double-shaft compulsory mixer" h-3 / 11-84, to provide a structure which is equally suitable for batch operation and continuous operation can be used.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird vorgeschlagen, a) daß für kontinuierlichen Mischbetrieb eine Austragsöffnungsanordnung vorgesehen ist, welche zwischen einer Offenstellung für kontinuierlichen Mischbetrieb und einer Schließstellung für chargenweisen Mischbetrieb bei jeweils geschlossener Bodenentleeröffnung umstellbar ist, b) daß die Austragsöffnungs-anordnung im Bereich einer der beiden Stirnwände liegt, daß ein für die kontinuierliche Beschickung des Mischtrogs mit körnigen Mischgutkomponenten bestimmtes und geeignetes Beschickungsmittel an einer längs des Zirkulationswegs gelegenen Stelle in axialem Abstand von derjenigen Stirnwand angeordnet ist, in deren Bereich die Austragsöffnungs-anordnung gelegen ist.To solve this problem, it is proposed that a) that a discharge opening arrangement is provided for continuous mixing operation, which can be switched between an open position for continuous mixing operation and a closing position for batch-wise mixing operation with the bottom discharge opening closed in each case, b) that the discharge opening arrangement is in the region of one of the two End walls is that a suitable and suitable for the continuous loading of the mixing trough with granular mixture components is arranged at a location along the circulation path at an axial distance from the end wall in the area of which the discharge opening arrangement is located.

Bei einem solchen Doppelwellen-Zwangsmischer kann man am Einsatzort je nach Qualitäts- und Mengenbedarf von der einen Betriebsweise zur anderen Betriebsweise übergehen.With such a double-shaft compulsory mixer, one can switch from one operating mode to the other operating mode depending on the quality and quantity requirements.

Die Mischgüte im kontinuierlichen Mischbetrieb läßt sich dadurch besonders günstig einstellen, daß die Einmündung der Beschickungsmittel der körnigen Mischgutkomponenten in den Mischtrog im Bereich derjenigen Mischwelle liegt, welche von der der Austragsöffnungsanordnung benachbarten Stirnwand wegfördert. Auf diese Weise wird ein verlängerter Weg des kontinuierlich geförderten Mischguts erzielt. Optimale Mischverhältnisse für den kontinuierlichen Betrieb im Sinne der Unterdrückung der Wanderung von unvermischten körnigen Mischungsbestandteilen zu der Austragsöffnungsanordnung lassen sich dann erreichen, wenn die Einmündung der Beschickungsmittel der körnigen Mischgutkomponenten in einem Abstand von der der Austragsöffnungsanordnung fernen Stirnwand liegt, welcher ca. 30 bis 70 % der lichten Länge des Mischtroges in Mischwellenrichtung beträgt.The mixing quality in continuous mixing operation can be adjusted particularly favorably by the fact that the feed of the granular mixture components into the mixing trough lies in the region of the mixing shaft which conveys away from the end wall adjacent to the discharge opening arrangement. In this way, an extended path of the continuously conveyed mix is achieved. Optimal mixing ratios for continuous operation in the sense of suppressing the migration of unmixed granular mixture components to the discharge opening arrangement can be achieved if the feed of the feed means of the granular mixture components is at a distance from the end wall which is distant from the discharge opening arrangement, which is approximately 30 to 70% the clear length of the mixing trough in the mixing shaft direction.

Um der Austragsöffnungsanordnung die notwendige Größe geben zu können - ohne die Mischgüte zu beeinflussen - empfiehlt es sich, die Austragsöffnungsanordnung in Querrichtung zu den Mischwellen größer zu gestalten als in Mischwellenrichtung. Dabei kann sich die Austragsöffnungsanordnung annähernd zwischen den jeweils tiefsten Punkten des doppelmuldenartig geformten Bodens des Mischtroges erstrecken, wodurch erreicht wird, daß auch Flüssigkeitsreste zuverlässig abgeführt werden.In order to be able to give the discharge opening arrangement the necessary size - without influencing the mixing quality - it is advisable to make the discharge opening arrangement larger in the transverse direction to the mixing shafts than in the mixing shaft direction. The discharge opening arrangement can extend approximately between the deepest points of the double trough-shaped bottom of the mixing trough, which means that even liquid residues are reliably removed.

Für die Flüssigkeitsbeschickung wird vorgeschlagen, daß die Beschickungsmittel für flüssige Mischgutkomponenten annähernd längs des gesamten Chargenumlaufwegs innerhalb des Mischtroges angeordnet sind, und daß für den kontinuierlichen Betrieb der Flüssigkeitsausfluß aus den Beschickungsmitteln auf einen Teilumfang des Chargenumlaufwegs längs einer Stirnwand und längs der Mischwellen beschränkbar ist, insbesondere auf den Teilumfang vom Orte der Einmündung der Beschickungsmittel der körnigen Mischgutkomponente bis zu einer Stelle vor der Austragsöffnungsanordnung. Auf diese Weise wird erreicht, daß der Doppelwellen-Zwangsmischer auch hinsichtlich des Flüssigkeitsbedarfs durch eine einfache Umstellmaßnahme an die Betriebsweise angepaßt werden kann. Für den chargenweisen Betrieb erweist es sich als vorteilhaft, die Flüssigkeitszuführung über den ganzen Chargenumlaufweg zu verteilen. Für den kontinuierlichen Betrieb ist dagegen die vorgeschlagene Beschränkung der Flüssigkeitszuführung auf einen Teil des Chargenumlaufwegs vorteilhaft, weil dadurch der Austritt von unvermischter Flüssigkeit verhindert werden kann.For the liquid feed, it is proposed that the feed means for liquid mixed material components are arranged approximately along the entire batch circulation path within the mixing trough, and that, for continuous operation, the liquid outflow from the feed means can be limited to a partial extent of the batch circulation path along an end wall and along the mixing shafts, in particular on the partial circumference from the point at which the feed means of the granular mix component to a point in front of the discharge opening arrangement. In this way it is achieved that the double-shaft compulsory mixer can also be adapted to the mode of operation with a simple changeover measure with regard to the liquid requirement. For batch operation, it proves advantageous to distribute the liquid supply over the entire batch circulation route. For continuous operation, on the other hand, the proposed restriction of the liquid supply to part of the batch recirculation path is advantageous because it can prevent unmixed liquid from escaping.

Besonders einfach wird die Umstellung von Chargenbetrieb auf kontinuierlichen Betrieb dann, wenn die Beschickungsmittel für die flüssigen Mischgutkomponenten aus zwei separat versorgten U-Rohren mit über ihre Länge verteilten Flüssigkeitsabgabestellen bestehen, welche oberhalb der Mischwellen angeordnet sind, wobei ein erstes, für den kontinuierlichen Betrieb bestimmtes U-Rohr - in Draufsicht betrachtet-annähernd längs der Mischwellenachsen und längs der der Austragsöffnungsanordnung fernen Stirnwand verläuft, und ein zweites U-Rohr das erste U-Rohr zu einer annähernd geschlossenen Schleife ergänzt.The changeover from batch operation to continuous operation becomes particularly easy when the feed means for the liquid mixed material components consist of two separately supplied U-tubes with liquid delivery points distributed over their length, which are arranged above the mixing shafts, with a first one intended for continuous operation U-tube - viewed in plan view - runs approximately along the mixing shaft axes and along the end wall remote from the discharge opening arrangement, and a second U-tube supplements the first U-tube to form an approximately closed loop.

Um im diskontinuierlichen Betrieb die Mischzeiten verkürzen zu können, wird vorgeschlagen, daß die Beschickungsmittel für die körnigen Mischgutkomponenten eine getrennte Beschickungsstelle, insbesondere einen Einlauftrichter, für chargenweise Beschickung umfassen, und zwar zwischen den beiden Mischwellen und bevorzugt in Längsmitte des Mischtroges zwischen den beiden Stirnwänden.In order to be able to shorten the mixing times in discontinuous operation, it is proposed that the feeding means for the granular mixture components comprise a separate feeding point, in particular an inlet funnel, for batch feeding, namely between the two mixing shafts and preferably in the longitudinal center of the mixing trough between the two end walls.

Um eine kreisende Bewegung der jeweils im Mischtrog bewegten Mischgutcharge frei von Staustellen zu erzielen, empfiehlt es sich, daß die beiden Mischwerke jeweils an demjenigen Ende, an dem die durch sie bewirkte Bewegung der Mischgutcharge auf eine Stirnwand auftrifft, mit einer Umkehreinrichtung ausgerüstet ist, welche das Mischgut längs der jeweiligen Stirnwand zum jeweils anderen Mischwerk hin ablenkt. Dies ist eine Maßnahme, die sich für beide Betriebsweisen als vorteilhaft erweist, insbesondere bei schwierig zu mischenden Gütern.In order to achieve a circular movement of the batch of material moving in the mixing trough free of traffic jams, it is recommended that the two mixing units are equipped with a reversing device at the end at which the movement of the batch of material caused by them hits an end wall, which the material to be mixed is deflected along the respective end wall towards the other mixer. This is a measure that has proven to be advantageous for both modes of operation, particularly in the case of goods which are difficult to mix.

Um auf die Umlaufbewegung der Mischgutcharge im Mischtrog Einfluß nehmen zu können, ist es möglich, daß im Umlaufweg der Mischgutcharge vor der Austragsöffnungsanordnung ein Stauelement angeordnet ist, und zwar starr oder verstellbar, etwa durch Schwenken oder Herausziehen. Dabei kann dieses Stauelement mit Durchbrüchen in beliebiger Zahl, Form und Größe versehen sein. Dieses Stauelement ist insbesondere für die kontinuierliche Betriebsweise vorteilhaft, um den Abfluß regeln zu können.In order to be able to influence the circulating movement of the batch of material in the mixing trough, it is possible for a baffle element to be arranged in the circulation path of the batch of material in front of the discharge opening arrangement, in a rigid or adjustable manner, for example by pivoting or pulling out. This dam element can be provided with openings of any number, shape and size. This damming element is particularly advantageous for the continuous mode of operation in order to be able to regulate the discharge.

Die Austragsöffnungsanordnung kann mit einem Einfach-oder Doppelflachschieberverschluß ausgebildet werden, aber auch mit einem Einfach- oder Doppelklappenverschluß oder auch mit einem Segmentverschluß.The discharge opening arrangement can be designed with a single or double flat slide closure, but also with a single or double flap closure or also with a segment closure.

Für die Bodenentleeröffnung kommt als Alternative für den Drehschieberverschluß im Hinblick auf die große Länge auch ein Einfach- oder Doppelklappenverschluß in Frage.For the bottom drain opening, a single or double flap closure is also an alternative to the rotary slide closure in view of the large length.

Um insbesondere bei kontinuierlichem Betrieb die Zugabe von Mischgutkomponenten und die Entnahme von Mischgut so regeln zu können, daß eine konstante Charge stationär im Mischtrog vorhanden bleibt, empfiehlt sich eine Füllstandsregelung. Diese Füllstandsregelung kann mittels eines Chargengrößensignalgebers, insbesondere einer Füllstandssonde, die Chargengröße bzw. den Füllstand messen und Abweichungen von einer Sollgröße durch Veränderung der Mischgutkomponentenbeschickung und/oder des Mischgutaustrittes korrigieren.In order to be able to regulate the addition of mixed material components and the removal of mixed material so that a constant batch remains stationary in the mixing trough, especially in continuous operation, a fill level control is recommended. This fill level control can measure the batch size or the fill level by means of a batch size signal transmitter, in particular a fill level probe, and correct deviations from a target size by changing the mix component loading and / or the mix exit.

Die beiliegenden Figuren erläutern die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles. Es stellen dar:

Figur 1
eine schematische Draufsicht auf den erfindungsgemäßen Doppelwellen-Zwangsmischer
Figur 2
einen Schnitt nach Linie I-I in Figur 1 und
Figur 3
eine perspektivische Teilansicht des Doppelwellen-Zwangsmischers.
The accompanying figures explain the invention using an exemplary embodiment. They represent:
Figure 1
is a schematic plan view of the dual-shaft compulsory mixer according to the invention
Figure 2
a section along line II in Figure 1 and
Figure 3
a partial perspective view of the twin-shaft compulsory mixer.

Der Doppelwellen-Zwangsmischer für kontinuierliche und/oder diskontinuierliche Arbeitsweise besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Mischtrog 1 mit mindestens einer unten in Längsrichtung y-y angeordneten langgestreckten, rechteckigen Bodenentleeröffnung 2, die über einen Entleerverschluß 9 geöffnet oder verschlossen werden kann und sich über den größten Teil der Länge des Bodens erstreckt. Eine Austragsöffnungsanordnung 3 ist in Querlage zur Längsrichtung y-y in gedrungener, rechteckiger Form unten im Mischtrog, in der Nähe der Trogstirnwand l2 angeordnet und kann ebenfalls über einen Entleerverschluß l0 geöffnet oder verschlossen werden. Die beiden Entleerverschlüsse 9 und l0 nehmen zusammen annähernd die gesamte Länge des Bodens ein.The double-shaft compulsory mixer for continuous and / or discontinuous operation essentially consists of a mixing trough 1 with at least one elongated, rectangular bottom emptying opening 2 arranged at the bottom in the longitudinal direction yy, which can be opened or closed via an emptying closure 9 and over most of the length of the floor. A discharge opening arrangement 3 is arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction y-y in a squat, rectangular shape at the bottom in the mixing trough, near the trough end wall l2 and can also be opened or closed via an emptying closure l0. The two drainage closures 9 and 10 together take up almost the entire length of the bottom.

Ferner sind zwei zueinander parallele und in Längsrichtung y-y angeordnete Mischwerke 5 und 6 vorgesehen, deren horizontale Wellen 4 beiderseits außerhalb der Trogstirnwände l2 und l3 in Lagerungen 8 gelagert sind und über einen z. B. einseitig angeordneten Mischerantrieb 7 synchron in gegenläufiger Drehrichtung x angetrieben werden. Beide Mischwerke 5 und 6 sind Schaufelmischwerke, die aus einer Transport-und Mischeinrichtung, d.h. aus mehreren hintereinander angeordneten Mischarmen 14 mit Mischschaufeln 15 und einer Umkehreinrichtung, d.h. aus mindestens einem Räumarm 16 mit einem Umkehrwerkzeug nämlich einer Räumschaufel 17 bestehen, und jeweils an einer Mischwelle 4 befestigt sind, wobei die Mischschaufeln l5 mit gleichsinniger, jedoch linkssteigender Wendelung, die Räumschaufeln l7 entgegengesetzt, d.h. rechtssteigend angeordnet sind. Durch die vielen hintereinander an beiden Mischwerken 5 und 6 in gleichsinniger Steigung angeordneten Mischschaufeln l5 wird eine entgegengesetzte Transportbewegung hervorgerufen, die schließlich eine im Mischtrog zirkulierende Mischgutbewegung in Richtung z entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn bei gleichzeitigem Mischgutaustausch zwischen den Mischwerken 5 und 6 erzeugt. Die entgegengesetzt gerichtete Transportbewegung beider Mischwerke bewirkt jeweils an den Trogstirnwänden l2 und l3 eine Stauzone A und eine Sogzone B. Aus diesem Grunde ist jedes Mischwerk im Bereich der Stauzone A in der Nähe der Trogstirnwände l2 und l3 mit mindestens einem Räumarm l6 ausgerüstet, der eine gegensinnig steigend angeordnete Räumschaufel l7 trägt, die das gestaute Mischgut aus der Stauzone A heraus zur Sogzone B transportiert und dabei dem Mischgut eine Ablenkbewegungskomponente von der jeweils zugehörigen Stirnwand l2, l3 weg erteilt.
Durch diesen Vorgang wird auch die zirkulierende Mischgutbewegung z wesentlich unterstützt und in Fluß gehalten.Furthermore, two mutually parallel and in the longitudinal direction yy arranged mixers 5 and 6 are provided, the horizontal shafts 4 of which are mounted on both sides outside the trough end walls l2 and l3 in bearings 8 and via a z. B. one-sided mixer drive 7 driven synchronously in the opposite direction of rotation x will. Both mixers 5 and 6 are paddle mixers which consist of a transport and mixing device, ie of several mixing arms 14 arranged in series with mixing blades 15 and a reversing device, ie of at least one clearing arm 16 with a reversing tool, namely a clearing blade 17, and each on a mixing shaft 4 are fastened, the mixing blades l5 having the same direction, but left-handed spiral, the clearing blades 17 being arranged opposite, that is to say right-handed. Due to the large number of mixing blades l5 arranged one behind the other on both mixing units 5 and 6 in the same direction, an opposite transport movement is produced, which finally produces a mixture movement circulating in the mixing trough in the direction z counterclockwise with simultaneous exchange of the mixing material between the mixing units 5 and 6. The oppositely directed transport movement of both mixing units causes a storage zone A and a suction zone B on the trough end walls l2 and l3.For this reason, each mixing unit in the area of the storage zone A near the trough end walls l2 and l3 is equipped with at least one clearing arm l6, one of which clearing bucket l7 arranged in an oppositely increasing manner, which transports the jammed mix out of the accumulation zone A to the suction zone B and thereby gives the mix a deflection movement component away from the associated end wall l2, l3.
This process also substantially supports the circulating mix movement z and keeps it flowing.

Im Mischtrog 1 auf der Seite des Schaufelmischwerkes 5 zwischen der Räumschaufel 17 und der letzten Mischschaufel 15 in der Nähe der Stauzone A kann ein sogenanntes Staublech 11, starr oder verstellbar, herausschwenk- oder herausziehbar, angeordnet sein, das je nach Erfordernis auch mit Durchbrüchen 18 in beliebiger Zahl, Form und Größe versehen sein kann. Mit diesem Staublech kann bei kontinuierlicher Arbeitsweise die zirkulierende Mischgutbewegung z je nach Bedarf noch zusätzlich gebremst werden mit dem Ziel, die Verweil- bzw. Durchlaufzeit des Mischgutes im Mischtrog zu erhöhen.In the mixing trough 1 on the side of the blade mixing mechanism 5 between the clearing blade 17 and the last mixing blade 15 in the vicinity of the storage zone A, a so-called storage plate 11, rigid or adjustable, can be swung out or pulled out, which, depending on the requirement, also has openings 18 can be provided in any number, shape and size. With this continuous operation, the circulating mix movement z can be additionally slowed down as required with the aim of increasing the residence time or throughput time of the mix in the mixing trough.

Über dem Mischtrog 1 ist eine Abdeckhaube 19 angeordnet, in der mindestens zwei Einlauftrichter 20 und 21 für die Zugabe der körnigen Mischgutkomponenten und zwei U-förmige Rohrleitungen 22 und 23 für die Zugabe der flüssigen Mischgutkomponenten angeordnet sind. Der Einlauftrichter 20 ist über der Längsachse des Mischwerkes 6 an einer definierten Aufgabestelle angebracht. Dadurch ist gewährleistet, daß bei kontinuierlicher Arbeitsweise der Mischvorgang zwischen den Schaufelmischwerken 5 und 6 auf einem langen Transportweg, beginnend an der Aufgabestelle E und endend an der Entleerstelle F, erfolgt. Ein zweiter Einlauftrichter 21 kann im Mittenbereich des Mischtroges zwischen den Schaufelmischwerken 5 und 6 angeordnet werden, um bei diskontinuierlicher Arbeitsweise und schwierig zu vermischenden Mischgütern wahlweise die körnigen Mischgutkomponenten auch mittig dem Trog zugeben zu können mit dem Ziel, die Mischzeit zu reduzieren und die Mischerdurchsatzleistung zu erhöhen.A covering hood 19 is arranged above the mixing trough 1, in which at least two inlet funnels 20 and 21 for the addition of the granular mixture components and two U-shaped pipes 22 and 23 for the addition of the liquid mixture components are arranged. The inlet funnel 20 is attached to a defined feed point above the longitudinal axis of the mixer 6. This ensures that with continuous operation the mixing process between the paddle mixers 5 and 6 takes place over a long transport path, starting at the feed point E and ending at the emptying point F. A second inlet funnel 21 can be arranged in the middle area of the mixing trough between the paddle mixers 5 and 6, in order to be able to add the granular mix components in the middle of the trough with discontinuous operation and difficult to mix mixes with the aim of reducing the mixing time and increasing the mixer throughput.

Für den Einlauftrichter 20 sind beliebige Lagenpositionen E, angepaßt an unterschiedliche Mischgüter, möglich. Das Längenverhältnis Lo/L - bezogen auf die Aufgabestelle E - kann sich in Grenzen von 0,3 bis 0,7 bewegen. Lo ist der Abstand vom Mittelpunkt E bis zur Mischtrogstirnwand 13; L ist die innere Länge des Mischtroges 1 zwischen den Stirnwänden 12 und 13.Any position positions E, adapted to different mixes, are possible for the inlet funnel 20. The length ratio L o / L - based on the feed point E - can range from 0.3 to 0.7. L o is the distance from the center E to the mixing trough front wall 13; L is the inner length of the mixing trough 1 between the end walls 12 and 13.

Die U-förmigen Rohrleitungen 22 und 23 sind mit Löchern oder Düsen 24 und mit an beliebiger Stelle nach außen verlegten Rohranschlüssen 27 versehen, über die die Zuführung der flüssigen Mischgutkomponenten erfolgt. Die Schenkel beider U-förmiger Rührleitungen sind von unterschiedlicher Länge.The U-shaped pipelines 22 and 23 are provided with holes or nozzles 24 and with pipe connections 27 laid at any point to the outside, via which the liquid mixture components are supplied. The legs of both U-shaped stirring lines are of different lengths.

Für die U-förmige Rohrleitung 22 erstreckt sich die Länge des Rohrschenkels 25 - über dem Mischwerk 5 - maximal bis zu einem Abstand L₁ = 0,85 × L, die Länge des Rohrschenkels 26 - über dem Mischwerk 6 - maximal bis zu einem Abstand L₂ = 0,5 × L, beide Längen gemessen von der Stirnwand 13. Generell gilt, daß die Beschickungsmittel 22 für die flüssigen Mischgutkomponenten sich bis zu einer Stelle L₁ erstrecken, die annähernd 50 bis 85 %, vorzugsweise ca. 75 % der lichten Mischtroglänge L von der der Austragsöffnungsanordnung 3 fernen Stirnwand l3 entfernt ist. Die U-förmige Rohrleitung 22 ist im diskontinuierlichen Betrieb im Einsatz.For the U-shaped pipeline 22, the length of the pipe leg 25 - above the mixer 5 - a maximum of a distance L₁ = 0.85 × L, the length of the pipe leg 26 - above the mixer 6 - a maximum of a distance L₂ = 0.5 × L, both lengths measured from the front wall 13. In general, the charging means 22 for the liquid mixed material components extend to a point L 1 which is approximately 50 to 85%, preferably approximately 75%, of the clear mixed tub length L. from that of the discharge port arrangement 3 distant end wall l3 is removed. The U-shaped pipeline 22 is used in discontinuous operation.

Zu vermerken ist, daß bei Umkehr der Schaufelwendelung von links- auf rechtssteigend auch die Zirkulationsbewegung z umkehrt, was zwangsläufig die Aufgabeposition E, die U-förmigen Rohrleitungen und die Druck- und Saugzonen A und B spiegelbildlich verändert.It should be noted that when the blade helix is reversed from left to right, the circulation movement z also reverses, which inevitably changes the feed position E, the U-shaped pipes and the pressure and suction zones A and B in mirror image.

Mit dem Doppelwellen-Zwangsmischer können beliebige Mischgüter, wie z.B. auch Beton und Mörtel oder auch Mineralgemische für hydraulisch gebundene Tragschichten für den Straßenbau in kontinuierlicher oder diskontinuierlicher Arbeitsweise durch den Vorteil der zirkulierenden Mischgutbewegung in Richtung z bei gleichzeitigem Mischgutaustausch zwischen den beiden Mischwerken 5 und 6 mit hoher Mischgüte hergestellt werden.With the double-shaft compulsory mixer, any mix, e.g. also concrete and mortar or mineral mixtures for hydraulically bound base layers for road construction in continuous or discontinuous mode of operation through the advantage of the circulating mixture movement in direction z with simultaneous mixture exchange between the two mixers 5 and 6 with high mixing quality.

Bei der kontinuierlichen Arbeitsweise des Mischers ist jedoch Voraussetzung, daß alle körnigen Mischgutkomponenten über den Einlauftrichter 20 und alle flüssigen Mischgutkomponenten über die U-förmige Rohrleitung 22 kontinuierlich dosiert werden. Während des Mischprozesses ist dabei die Bodenentleeröffnung 2 geschlossen, die Austragsöffnungsanordnung 3 aber geöffnet.In the continuous mode of operation of the mixer, however, it is a prerequisite that all granular mix components are metered continuously via the inlet funnel 20 and all liquid mix components via the U-shaped pipeline 22. During the mixing process, the bottom discharge opening 2 is closed, but the discharge opening arrangement 3 is open.

Bei Beginn eines jeden kontinuierlichen Mischprozesses bleiben beide Öffnungen 2 und 3 während der Befüllung des Mischtroges l geschlossen. Nach Erreichen der Füllmenge entsprechend einer Charge wird jedoch der Befüllvorgang unterbrochen und die eingebrachte Mischung innerhalb einer einstellbaren Vormischzeit fertiggestellt. Im Anschluß daran wird die kontinuierliche Arbeitsweise eingeleitet durch eine geregelte, kontinuierliche Entleerung des Mischguts bei gleichzeitiger, hierauf abgestimmter Fortsetzung kontinuierlicher Mischerbeschickung. Diese Maßnahme gewährleistet beim kontinuierlichen Mischprozeß von Anfang bis Ende ein gleichmäßiges, homogenes Mischgut ohne die nachteiligen Homogenitätsschwankungen während der Befüllphase, wie sie den bekannten kontinuierlichen Mischverfahren anhaften. Der Zeitpunkt für das Abstellen des Materialstromes nach der Befüllphase kann entweder über Zeitrelais, Füllstandssonde oder die Auslastung des Antriebsmotors gesteuert werden.At the start of each continuous mixing process, both openings 2 and 3 remain closed while the mixing trough 1 is being filled. After reaching the filling quantity corresponding to a batch However, the filling process is interrupted and the mixture introduced is completed within an adjustable pre-mixing time. Subsequently, the continuous mode of operation is initiated by a regulated, continuous emptying of the material to be mixed with a simultaneous, coordinated continuation of continuous mixer loading. In the continuous mixing process, this measure ensures a uniform, homogeneous mix from start to finish without the disadvantageous fluctuations in homogeneity during the filling phase, as is inherent in the known continuous mixing process. The time for the material flow to be switched off after the filling phase can be controlled either via a timing relay, level probe or the load on the drive motor.

Das Ende eines jeden kontinuierlichen Mischprozesses beginnt mit der Entleerphase bzw. Abstellen der Mischerbeschickung. Die Entleerphase vollzieht sich bei geöffneter Austragsöffnungsanordnung 3 und dauert so lange, bis der Mischtrog ausgeräumt ist. Durch zusätzliches Öffnen der Bodenentleeröffnung 2 kann die Restlosentleerung des Mischtroges beschleunigt werden.The end of each continuous mixing process begins with the emptying phase or switching off the mixer feed. The emptying phase takes place when the discharge opening arrangement 3 is open and lasts until the mixing trough is cleared. By additionally opening the bottom emptying opening 2, the complete emptying of the mixing trough can be accelerated.

Bei diskontinuierlicher Arbeitsweise des Mischers werden alle körnigen und flüssigen Mischgutkomponenten chargenweis dosiert, wobei die körnigen Komponenten ebenfalls über den Einlauftrichter 20 oder auch über den zweiten Einlauftrichter 2l zugegeben werden können. Die flüssigen Mischgutkomponenten sind jedoch gleichzeitig über die getrennten Rohrleitungen 22 und 23 zu dosieren. Das Staublech ll kann je nach Erfordernis bei der diskontinuierlichen Arbeitsweise entweder teilweise oder ganz herausgeschwenkt bzw. herausgezogen werden.If the mixer operates discontinuously, all of the granular and liquid components of the mix are metered in batches, the granular components likewise being able to be added via the inlet funnel 20 or else via the second inlet funnel 2l. However, the liquid mixture components are to be metered simultaneously via the separate pipes 22 and 23. Depending on the requirements in the discontinuous mode of operation, the dust plate 11 can either be partially or completely pivoted out or be pulled out.

Der Mischprozeß erfolgt bei beliebig wählbarer Mischdauer und immer bei geschlossenen Öffnungen 2 und 3. Für die Entleerung des Mischtroges ist bevorzugt die Bodenentleeröffnung 2 zu benutzen, jedoch ist es auch möglich, über beide Öffnungen 2 und 3 gleichzeitig zu entleeren, um den Entleervorgang zu beschleunigen.The mixing process takes place at any desired mixing duration and always with openings 2 and 3 closed. For emptying the mixing trough, it is preferable to use the bottom emptying opening 2, but it is also possible to empty both openings 2 and 3 at the same time in order to accelerate the emptying process .

Der Verschluß 9 für die Bodenentleeröffnung 2 kann als Drehschieberverschluß bzw. als Einfach- oder Doppelklappenverschluß ausgebildet sein, wobei beliebige Öffnungsstellungen einstellbar sind.The closure 9 for the bottom emptying opening 2 can be designed as a rotary slide closure or as a single or double flap closure, any opening positions being adjustable.

Hingegen kann der Verschluß l0 für die Austragsöffnungsanordnung 3 als Einfach- oder Doppelklappenverschluß, als Segmentverschluß oder auch als Einfach-oder Doppelflachschieberverschluß ausgebildet sein, wobei beim Doppelflachschieberverschluß beide Flachschieber zueinander höhenversetzt angeordnet sein können.On the other hand, the closure 10 for the discharge opening arrangement 3 can be designed as a single or double flap closure, as a segment closure or also as a single or double flat slide closure, wherein in the double flat slide closure both flat slides can be arranged offset in height from one another.

Der Doppelwellen-Chargenmischer kann neben der bevorzugt horizontalen Einbaulage auch in Längsrichtung fallend oder steigend eingesetzt werden.In addition to the preferred horizontal installation position, the twin-shaft batch mixer can also be used to fall or rise in the longitudinal direction.

Zusammenfassend kann der kontinuierliche Betrieb wie folgt beschrieben werden:
Es wird zunächst eine Anlaufcharge körniger Mischkomponenten durch die Trichter 20 und/oder 2l eingegeben. Die entsprechende Menge flüssiger Mischgutkomponenten wird durch die U-Rohre 22 und/oder 23 zugeführt. Dabei sind die beiden Öffnungen 2 und 3 geschlossen. Nach Befüllen wird zunächst ohne Entnahme gemischt, wobei die Mischung vor allem im Bereich zwischen den beiden Wellen 4 eintritt, wo die nach oben gehenden Mischschaufeln eine den Mischvorgang fördernde Turbulenz bewirken. Sobald die Mischgutcharge die gewünschte Homogenisierung erreicht hat, ist die Anlaufphase beendet. Nunmehr werden durch den Einlauftrichter 20 kontinuierlich körnige Mischgutkomponenten zugeführt, ggf. vorvermischt oder in parallelen Strömen. Gleichzeitig wird die Austragsöffnungsanordnung 3 geöffnet, und zwar so weit, daß pro Zeiteinheit eine Mischgutmenge abgezapft wird, welche den pro Zeiteinheit zugeführten Mischgutkomponenten entspricht. Gleichzeitig werden durch das U-Rohr 22 kontinuierlich flüssige Mischgutkomponenten zugeführt. Die körnigen Mischgutkomponenten können feinpulverige Bestandteile bis zu grobkörnigen Bestandteilen umfassen. Die gegenseitige Abstimmung der Zufuhr von Mischgutkomponenten durch den Trichter 20 und der Abzapfung von Mischgut durch die Austragsöffnungsanordnung 3 erfolgt durch eine nicht eingezeichnete Regelung, die dafür sorgt, daß die stationär im Mischtrog vorhandene Mischgutcharge konstant bleibt. Wenn vorübergehend kein Bedarf an Mischgut besteht, können die Zufuhr von Mischgutkomponenten und die Abzapfung von Mischgut vorübergehend eingestellt werden, ohne daß die Mischwerke 5 und 6 abgestellt werden.In summary, continuous operation can be described as follows:
A start-up batch of granular mixing components is first entered through the funnels 20 and / or 2l. The corresponding amount of liquid mix components is supplied through the U-tubes 22 and / or 23. The two openings 2 and 3 are closed. After filling, mixing is first carried out without removal, the mixing occurring especially in the area between the two shafts 4, where the mixing blades going upward cause turbulence to promote the mixing process. As soon as the batch of mixed material has reached the desired homogenization, the start-up phase ends. Granular mixture components are now continuously fed through the feed hopper 20, possibly premixed or in parallel flows. At the same time, the discharge opening arrangement 3 is opened, to the extent that a quantity of mixed material is drawn off per time unit which corresponds to the mixed material components supplied per unit time. At the same time, liquid mixture components are continuously supplied through the U-tube 22. The granular mix components can comprise fine powdery components up to coarse-grained components. The mutual coordination of the supply of mixed material components through the hopper 20 and the tapping of mixed material through the discharge opening arrangement 3 is carried out by a control system, not shown, which ensures that the batch of mixed material stationary in the mixing trough remains constant. If there is temporarily no need for mixed material, the supply of mixed material components and the drawing off of mixed material can be temporarily stopped without the mixing units 5 and 6 being switched off.

Die Lage des Einlauftrichters 20 sorgt dafür, daß für die durch den Einlauftrichter 20 zugegebenen Mischgutkomponenten ein relativ großer Weg bis zum Erreichen der Austragsöffnungsanordnung 3 im kontinuierlicheen Arbeitsbetrieb zur Verfügung steht.The position of the inlet funnel 20 ensures that there is a relatively long way for the mixed material components added through the inlet funnel 20 to reach the discharge opening arrangement 3 in continuous operation.

Der Einlauftrichter 20 soll nicht bis in die unmittelbare Nähe der Stirnwand l2 angenähert werden, da in diesem Falle die Querförderwirkung der Mischschaufeln l5 dazu führen könnte, daß unvermischte Mischgutkomponenten in den Bereich des Mischwerkes 5 gelangen und durch dessen Mischschaufeln auf einem zu kurzen Restweg zu der Austragsöffnungsanordnung 3 transportiert werden.The inlet funnel 20 should not be approached up to the immediate vicinity of the end wall l2, since in this case the cross-conveying action of the mixing blades l5 could lead to unmixed mixture components getting into the area of the mixer 5 and through its mixing blades on a too short remaining path to the Discharge opening arrangement 3 are transported.

Wenn die Anlage stillgesetzt werden soll, so kann sie nach Abschalten der Zufuhr der Mischgutkomponenten durch die Austragsöffnungsanordnung 3 allmählich entleert werden oder sehr viel schneller durch die zusätzliche Öffnung auch der Bodenentleeröffnung 2.If the system is to be shut down, it can be emptied gradually through the discharge opening arrangement 3 after the supply of the mixed material components has been switched off, or very much faster through the additional opening of the bottom emptying opening 2.

Im diskontinuierlichen Betrieb werden bei geschlossenen Öffnungen 2 und 3 die Mischgutkomponenten bevorzugt durch den Fülltrichter 2l zugeführt, der so groß bemessen sein kann, daß er beispielsweise mittels eines Greifers beschickt werden kann. Grundsätzlich ist aber auch für den diskontinuierlichen Betrieb eine Beschickung durch den Einlauftrichter 20 möglich. Das Mischen erfolgt bei geschlossenen Öffnungen 2 und 3, bis die gewünschte Homogenisierung erreicht ist. Dann erfolgt die Entnahme der gesamten Charge durch die Bodenentleeröffnung 2 und ggf. zusätzlich durch die Austragsöffnungsanordnung 3. Die flüssigen Mischgutkomponenten werden im diskontinuierlichen Betrieb vorzugsweise nur bei Beginn desselben etwa gleichzeitig oder unmittelbar anschließend an das Einführen der körnigen Mischgutkomponente zugeführt, und zwar durch beide U-Rohre 22 und 23.In discontinuous operation, when the openings 2 and 3 are closed, the mix components are preferably fed through the hopper 2l, which can be dimensioned so large that it can be loaded, for example, by means of a gripper. Basically, however, feeding through the inlet funnel 20 is also possible for discontinuous operation. Mixing takes place with openings 2 and 3 closed until the desired homogenization is achieved. The entire batch is then removed through the bottom emptying opening 2 and, if appropriate, additionally through the discharge opening arrangement 3. In discontinuous operation, the liquid mixed material components are preferably supplied only at the beginning of the same approximately simultaneously or immediately after the introduction of the granular mixed material component, namely by both U. -Tubes 22 and 23.

Ein besonderer Vorteil der Erfindung liegt einmal darin, daß mit ein- und derselben Anlage sowohl kontinuierlich als auch diskontinuierlich gearbeitet werden kann. Kontinuierlich gearbeitet wird beispielsweise, wenn kontinuierlich Mischgut abgefordert wird, etwa auf Großlastwagen mit fliegendem Beladewechsel, Betonpumpen usw. Dabei kann durch entsprechende Abstimmung der kontinuierlichen Mischgutkomponentenzufuhr und der kontinuierlichen Mischgutabgabe auf die Größe der in dem Mischtrog ständig umgewälzten stationären Charge für ein qualitativ mehr oder minder hochwertiges Mischgut gesorgt werden. Man kann also einerseits mit großer Abgabeleistung arbeiten, wenn beispielsweise ein Magerbeton für Straßenunterbauten angefordert wird, dessen Qualität keinen besonderen Anforderungen unterliegt, und man kann andererseits ebenfalls im kontinuierlichen Betrieb ein qualitativ sehr hochwertiges Mischgut gewinnen, bei entsprechend geringerem Durchsatz.A particular advantage of the invention lies in the fact that one and the same system can be used both continuously and batchwise. Continuous work is carried out, for example, when mix material is continuously requested, for example on large trucks with a flying loading change, concrete pumps, etc. By appropriately coordinating the continuous supply of mix material and the continuous supply of mix material to the size of the stationary batch circulated in the mixing trough for a more or less qualitative high-quality mix. On the one hand, you can work with a high output, for example when you need a lean concrete for road substructures, the quality of which is not subject to any special requirements, and on the other hand, you can also obtain a high-quality mix in continuous operation with a correspondingly lower throughput.

Die diskontinuierliche Arbeitsweise wird man in der Regel für die Erzeugung von Mischgut höchster Qualität anwenden und andererseits dann, wenn das Mischgut chargenweise abverlangt wird, und zwar jeweils in großer Menge pro Zeiteinheit.The discontinuous mode of operation will generally be used for the production of mixed material of the highest quality and, on the other hand, when the mixed material is required in batches, in large quantities per unit of time.

Das bisher häufig beobachtete Problem, daß bei kontinuierlichen Mischern zu Beginn des Betriebes, vor Erreichen eines stationären Zustandes, ein relativ minderwertiges Mischgut anfällt, ist bei Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Mischers dadurch ohne weiteres vermeidbar, daß eine mehr oder minder große Anlaufphase eingeschaltet wird, während welcher noch kein Mischgut abgeführt wird, so daß der stationäre, der gewünschten Homogenität des Mischgutes entsprechende Zustand vor Beginn der Abzapfung des Mischgutes eingestellt wird.The problem that has been frequently observed so far that a relatively inferior mix occurs in the case of continuous mixers at the start of operation before reaching a steady state can be avoided by using the mixer according to the invention by switching on a more or less large start-up phase during which still no mix is discharged, so that the stationary, the desired Homogeneity of the mix is set to the appropriate state before the mix is tapped.

Der Übergang zwischen kontinuierlichem und diskontinuierlichem Betrieb ist mit nur geringfügigen Umstellmaßnahmen durchzuführen. Der Bauaufwand für den Doppelwellen-Zwangsmischer ist trotz seiner Eignung sowohl für kontinuierlichen als auch für diskontinuierlichen Betrieb verhältnismäßig gering und nicht wesentlich größer als der Bauaufwand für herkömmliche monofunktionelle Mischer für kontinuierlichen bzw. diskontinuierlichen Betrieb.The transition between continuous and discontinuous operation can only be carried out with minor conversion measures. Despite its suitability for both continuous and discontinuous operation, the construction cost for the double-shaft compulsory mixer is relatively small and not significantly greater than the construction expenditure for conventional monofunctional mixers for continuous or discontinuous operation.

Claims (16)

  1. A twin-shaft positive mixer for blending powdered, granular and plastic materials which are to be mixed, e.g. for producing mixtures of building materials or the like, comprising a mixing trough (1) and, in this mixing trough (1), two mixing shafts (4) which are substantially parallel with each other and with the longitudinal axis through the mixing trough (1) and which extend between oppositely disposed end walls (12, 13) of the mixing trough (1), being driven in opposite directions to each other and having - spirally designed to follow a helical line - mixing shafts (4) which are driven in opposite directions of rotation and which are fitted with mixing tools (15), the direction of rotation (x) of the mixing shafts (4) about their axes of rotation being so chosen that the mixing tools (15) move upwardly between the mixing shafts (4), the mixing tools (15) of the individual mixing shafts (4) being so constructed and disposed that they produce an oppositely directed direction of conveyance along the individual mixing shafts (4) and so produce circulation along a circulation path (z), and further comprising loading means (20, 22) for inserting granular and possibly fluid components of the resultant mixture into the mixing trough (1) and, disposed in the mixing trough bottom between the two mixing shafts (4) and extending over a major part of the trough length (L) and, disposed in the mixing trough bottom between the two mixing shafts (4) and extending over the major part of the trough length (L) a closable bottom discharge orifice (2), particularly designed as a rotary slide valve closure means (9), characterised in that
    (a) for continuous mixer operation, a discharge arrangement (3) is provided which can be switched between an open position for continuous mixer operation and a closed position for batch-wise mixer operation when the bottom discharge orifice (2) is closed;
    (b) the delivery outlet orifice (3) lies in the region of one (12) of the two end walls (12, 13);
    (c) charging means (20) are provided for the continuous charging of the mixing trough with granular mixture components and has a suitable charging means (20) located at a place situated along the route of circulation at an axial distance from that end wall (12) in the region of which the discharge orifice arrangement (3) is situated.
  2. A twin-shaft positive mixer according to Claim 1, characterised in that the point (E) at which the means (20) charges granular components into the mixing trough (1) lies in the region of that mixing shaft (4) which conveys material away from the end wall (12) adjacent the discharge orifice arrangement (3).
  3. A twin-shaft positive mixer according to Claim 2, characterised in that the point (E) at which the means (20) charges granular components is at a distance from the end wall (13) remote from the discharge orifice arrangement (3), the distance amounting to approx. 30 to 70% of the clear length of the mixing trough (1) in the direction of the mixing shafts.
  4. A twin-shaft positive mixer according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the discharge orifice arrangement (3) is greater in the transverse direction to the mixing shafts (4) than in the direction of the mixing shafts.
  5. A twin-shaft positive mixer according to Claim 4, characterised in that the discharge orifice arrangement (3) extends approximately between the relevantly lowest points of the twin trough-shaped bottom of the mixing trough (1).
  6. A twin-shaft positive mixer according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the charging means (22, 23) for liquid components are disposed approximately lengthwise of the total path (z) for circulation of the batch within the mixing trough (1) and in that for continuous operation the efflux of liquid from the charging means (22) can be limited to a part of the periphery of the batch circulation path (z) along one end wall (12, 13) and along the mixing shafts (4), particularly to the partial periphery from the location of the mouth (E) of the means (20) of charging granular components as far as a location (L1) upstream of the discharge orifice arrangement (3).
  7. A twin-shaft positive mixer according to Claim 6, characterised in that the charging means (22, 23) for liquid components consist of two separately supplied U-tubes (22, 23) with, distributed over their length, liquid delivery points which are disposed above the mixing shafts (4), a first U-tube (22) which is intended for continuous operation - viewed in plan - extending more or less lengthwise of the mixing shaft axes and longitudinally of the end wall remote from the discharge orifice arrangement (3) and a second U-tube (23) which supplements the first U-tube (22) to form a more or less closed loop.
  8. A twin-shaft positive mixer according to one of Claims 2 to 7, characterised in that the charging means (20, 21) for granular components comprise a separate charging location (21) for batch-wise loading and in fact between the two mixing shafts (4) and preferably in the longitudinal centre of the mixing trough between the two end walls (12, 13).
  9. A twin-shaft positive mixer according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the two mixing mechanisms (5, 6) are at that end (A) at which the movement of the batch of components produced by them strikes an end wall (12, 13) are equipped with reversing means (17) to deflect the material being mixed along the relevant end wall (12, 13) to whichever is the other mixing mechanism (6, 5).
  10. A twin-shaft positive mixer according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that in the path (z) of circulation of the batch of materials being mixed and upstream of the discharge orifice arrangement (3) there is a damming element (11) in fact rigid or adjustable, possibly by being pivoted or withdrawn.
  11. A twin-shaft positive mixer according to Claim 10, characterised in that the damming element (11) is provided with apertures (18) of any desired number shape and size.
  12. A twin-shaft positive mixer according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the discharge orifice arrangement (3) is constructed with a single or double flap slide valve closure means (10) and in that in the case of a double flap slide valve closure means, both the flap sliding members close towards each other and are disposed at staggered heights.
  13. A twin-shaft positive mixer according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that associated with the discharge orifice arrangement (3) is a single or double flap closure means (10) or a segmental closure means.
  14. A twin-shaft positive mixer according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterised in that a single or double flap closure means is associated with the emptying orifice (2).
  15. A twin-shaft positive mixer according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterised in that a filling level regulating arrangement is provided.
  16. A twin-shaft positive mixer according to Claim 15, characterised in that the filling level regulating means operates by means of a batch size signal transmitter, particularly a filling level sensor which measures the size of the batch or the filling level and corrects any deviations from a desired value by varying the charging of components of the mixture and/or the emergence of mixed material.
EP86117261A 1985-12-11 1986-12-11 Compulsory mixer for continuous as well as batch processing Expired - Lifetime EP0229328B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86117261T ATE66383T1 (en) 1985-12-11 1986-12-11 TWIN-SHAFT PAN MIXER FOR CONTINUOUS AND DISCONTINUOUS WORKING METHODS.

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DE3543745 1985-12-11
DE19853543745 DE3543745A1 (en) 1985-12-11 1985-12-11 DOUBLE SHAFT MIXER FOR CONTINUOUS AND DISCONTINUOUS OPERATION

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EP0229328A1 EP0229328A1 (en) 1987-07-22
EP0229328B1 true EP0229328B1 (en) 1991-08-21

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EP (1) EP0229328B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS62140633A (en)
AT (1) ATE66383T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3543745A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2025554T3 (en)

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Also Published As

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EP0229328A1 (en) 1987-07-22
US4775239A (en) 1988-10-04
DE3681006D1 (en) 1991-09-26
ATE66383T1 (en) 1991-09-15
JPS62140633A (en) 1987-06-24
ES2025554T3 (en) 1992-04-01
JPH048096B2 (en) 1992-02-14
DE3543745A1 (en) 1987-06-19

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