EP0228734A1 - Device for controlling the bore sighting of a variable field guidance system with respect to a sighting telescope - Google Patents
Device for controlling the bore sighting of a variable field guidance system with respect to a sighting telescope Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0228734A1 EP0228734A1 EP86202171A EP86202171A EP0228734A1 EP 0228734 A1 EP0228734 A1 EP 0228734A1 EP 86202171 A EP86202171 A EP 86202171A EP 86202171 A EP86202171 A EP 86202171A EP 0228734 A1 EP0228734 A1 EP 0228734A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- axis
- guide
- optical
- center
- zoom
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G7/00—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles
- F41G7/20—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles based on continuous observation of target position
- F41G7/24—Beam riding guidance systems
- F41G7/26—Optical guidance systems
- F41G7/263—Means for producing guidance beams
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
- F41G3/32—Devices for testing or checking
- F41G3/326—Devices for testing or checking for checking the angle between the axis of the gun sighting device and an auxiliary measuring device
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for controlling the axis of a variable field guidance system to the axis of a riflescope, the latter comprising an objective, a reticle and an eyepiece, said guidance system comprising an emitter for guiding on an optical beam, a system for scanning or coding the guiding field, the center of which is projected in a parallel beam by means of a lens with variable focal length or zoom along the guiding axis connecting the optical axis from the zoom to said center of the guiding field.
- This device is particularly applicable to missile guidance systems on laser beam in which the angular guide field is variable according to a predetermined law depending on the distance of the missile.
- Such systems generally use objectives with variable focal length to project the guide beam on the axis of which the missile controls its trajectory.
- the ratio of the focal lengths of these objectives between the moment of ignition and that of the end of the flight can be greater than 100.
- These objectives are zoom lenses whose variation in focal distance is obtained by the translation of several groups of lenses along the mechanical axis of the objective.
- One of the main difficulties in producing these optics is to keep an optical axis whose direction is fixed at all focal distances, this axis having to be parallel to the line of sight under all environmental conditions.
- the fixity of direction of the optical axis of the zooms can be obtained for example by means of a very rigid mechanics, by compensating for all the mechanical play and by making the system insensitive to variations in temperature. This solution leads to heavy and expensive systems.
- the object of the invention is to keep the direction of this optical axis fixed by means of lighter mechanics and by constantly controlling its direction relative to a reference optical part and by correcting it by a servo loop. .
- the control device is characterized in that a blade with parallel faces taken as an optical reference piece is rigidly fixed on the telescope to adjust the aiming axis of said telescope, this adjustment being effected by translation of the reticle in its plane until the reticle and its image obtained by decimation on said blade and observed through the eyepiece are combined, any transverse displacement of the optical center of the zoom which causes an angular deviation of said guide axis being identified by means a distance meter composed of a symmetrical hole in said center of the guide field in another semi-transparent parallel face plate, a detector arranged opposite said hole receiving the flux coming from the guide emitter after successive reflections on said plates , said detector being connected to the input of a deviation meter receiver, the output of which delivers an error signal measuring the deviation from the optical axis of the zoom by comparison ort at its nominal position and directed towards a correction element on the path of the laser beam to deflect this beam and the position of the center of said guide field so as to cancel said deviation.
- the single figure shows the block diagram of a device for implementing the method according to the invention.
- the telescopic sight 1 defines the sight axis 2, it is adjusted by construction perpendicular to the blade with parallel faces 3 rigidly fixed on the telescopic sight 1. This adjustment is obtained for example by translation in its plane of the reticle 4 until the reticle and its sticker image on slide 3 are confused. The image is observed by the observer 5 through the eyepiece 6. For this adjustment, the reticle must be bright or illuminated by a source not shown.
- the guide projector comprises the laser beam 7, a scanning or coding system 8 for the guide field, the center of which is point 9, a projection lens with variable focal length 10.
- the guide axis is axis 11.
- This guide axis 11 must be stable at all the focal distances of the zoom 10 and parallel to the axis 2 despite the mechanical imperfections of the zoom (clearances, dilations, etc.).
- the axis 11 passes through the optical center 12 of the zoom (represented here as a simple lens) and the center 9 of the guide field. Any transverse movement of 12 causes an angular deviation of the axis 11. This movement is identified by means of a distance meter composed of a hole 13 placed in front of a detector 14 which receives the flux emitted by the guide emitter after reflection on the blade 3 and the semi-transparent blade 15. The hole 13 is symmetrical with 9 in the blade 15. This assembly is rigid and non-deformable.
- the detector 14 is provided with a deviation receiver 16 similar to that of the missile. We can thus measure at any time the deviation of the axis 11 from its nominal position.
- the error signal is directed to a correction element 17 which will deflect the laser beam 7 and the position of the center of the field 9 so as to cancel the deviation.
- the correction element 17 can, in certain cases, be incorporated into the scanning system 8 by acting directly on the scans of the field without additional deflection element.
- the advantages of this diagram compared to a control of axis 11 by an external distance meter are the following: - The magnification between points 9 and 13 is always equal to unity regardless of the focal length of the zoom since it is crossed twice. - The flow through the hole 13 is constant. The dynamics of the devometer may be weak. The measurement accuracy is optimal. - The transmission factor of blades 3 and 15 is close to 95%. The guide beam is slightly attenuated. - The total opening of the guide beam is used, there is no loss of resolution by diffraction due to a diaphragmation of the beams. The measurement accuracy is optimal. - The space requirement is minimal.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Telescopes (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
- Control Of Position Or Direction (AREA)
Abstract
Dispositif d'asservissement de l'axe (11) d'un système de guidage à champ variable à l'axe (2) d'une lunette de visée (1) dans lequel l'axe de visée (2) est réglé perpendiculairement à la lame à faces parallèles (3) prise comme pièce optique de référence. Un déplacement angulaire de l'axe (11) est repéré au moyen d'un écartomètre composé d'un trou (13) symètrique du centre optique (9) du système de guidage dans la lame à faces parallèles (15) et d'un détecteur (14) qui reçoit le flux issu de l'émetteur de guidage après réflexions successives sur les lames (3) et (15). Le détecteur (14) est relié à l'entrée d'un récepteur d'écartométrie (16) qui délivre un signal d'erreur dirigé vers l'élément de correction (17) sur la trajet du faisceau de guidage. Application : guidage de missiles.Axis control device (11) of a variable field guidance system to the axis (2) of a telescopic sight (1) in which the aiming axis (2) is adjusted perpendicular to the blade with parallel faces (3) taken as an optical reference piece. An angular displacement of the axis (11) is identified by means of a distance meter composed of a hole (13) symmetrical of the optical center (9) of the guide system in the blade with parallel faces (15) and a detector (14) which receives the flux coming from the guidance emitter after successive reflections on the blades (3) and (15). The detector (14) is connected to the input of a deviation meter receiver (16) which delivers an error signal directed towards the correction element (17) in the path of the guide beam. Application: missile guidance.
Description
L'invention concerne un dispositif d'asservissement de l'axe d'un système de guidage à champ variable à l'axe d'une lunette de visée, celle-ci comportant un objectif, un réticule et un oculaire, ledit système de guidage comprenant un émetteur de guidage sur faisceau optique, un système de balayage ou de codage du champ de guidage dont le centre est projeté en faisceau parallèle au moyen d'un objectif à focale variable ou zoom suivant l'axe de guidage reliant l'axe optique du zoom audit centre du champ de guidage.The invention relates to a device for controlling the axis of a variable field guidance system to the axis of a riflescope, the latter comprising an objective, a reticle and an eyepiece, said guidance system comprising an emitter for guiding on an optical beam, a system for scanning or coding the guiding field, the center of which is projected in a parallel beam by means of a lens with variable focal length or zoom along the guiding axis connecting the optical axis from the zoom to said center of the guiding field.
Ce dispositif s'applique particulièrement aux systèmes de guidage de missile sur faisceau laser dans lesquels le champ angulaire de guidage est variable selon une loi prédéterminée fonction de l'éloignement du missile.This device is particularly applicable to missile guidance systems on laser beam in which the angular guide field is variable according to a predetermined law depending on the distance of the missile.
De tels systèmes utilisent en général des objectifs à focale variable pour projeter le faisceau de guidage sur l'axe duquel le missile asservit sa trajectoire. Le rapport des distances focales de ces objectifs entre l'instant de la mise à feu et celui de la fin du vol peut ètre supérieur à 100. Ces objectifs sont des zoom dont la variation de la distance focale est obtenue par la translation de plusieurs groupes de lentilles le long de l'axe mécanique de l'objectif. Une des principales difficultés de réalisation de ces optiques est de conserver un axe optique dont la direction est fixe à toutes les distances focales, cet axe devant être parallèle à la ligne de visée dans toutes les conditions de l'environnement.Such systems generally use objectives with variable focal length to project the guide beam on the axis of which the missile controls its trajectory. The ratio of the focal lengths of these objectives between the moment of ignition and that of the end of the flight can be greater than 100. These objectives are zoom lenses whose variation in focal distance is obtained by the translation of several groups of lenses along the mechanical axis of the objective. One of the main difficulties in producing these optics is to keep an optical axis whose direction is fixed at all focal distances, this axis having to be parallel to the line of sight under all environmental conditions.
La fixité de direction de l'axe optique des zooms peut être obtenue par exemple au moyen d'une mécanique très rigide, en compensant tous les jeux mécaniques et en rendant le système peu sensible aux variations de température. Cette solution conduit à des systèmes lourds et chers.The fixity of direction of the optical axis of the zooms can be obtained for example by means of a very rigid mechanics, by compensating for all the mechanical play and by making the system insensitive to variations in temperature. This solution leads to heavy and expensive systems.
Le but de l'invention est de maintenir fixe la direction de cet axe optique au moyen d'une mécanique plus légère et en contrôlant à tout instant sa direction par rapport à une pièce optique de référence et en la corrigeant par une boucle d'asservissement.The object of the invention is to keep the direction of this optical axis fixed by means of lighter mechanics and by constantly controlling its direction relative to a reference optical part and by correcting it by a servo loop. .
Le dispositif d'asservissement selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que une lame à faces parallèles prise comme pièce optique de référence est fixée rigidement sur la lunette pour régler l'axe de visée de ladite lunette, ce réglage étant effectué par translation du réticule dans son plan jusqu'à ce que le réticule et son image obtenue par autocollimation sur ladite lame et observés à travers l'oculaire soient confondus, tout déplacement transversal du centre optique du zoom qui entraîne une déviation angulaire dudit axe de guidage étant repéré au moyen d'un écartomètre composé d'un trou symétrique dudit centre du champ de guidage dans une autre lame à faces parallèles semi-transparente, un détecteur disposé en face dudit trou recevant le flux issu de l'émetteur de guidage après réflexions successives sur lesdites lames, ledit détecteur étant relié à l'entrée d'un récepteur d'écartométrie dont la sortie délivre un signal d'erreur mesurant l'écart de l'axe optique du zoom par rapport à sa position nominale et dirigé vers un élément de correction sur le trajet du faisceau laser pour dévier ce faisceau et la position du centre dudit champ de guidage de façon à annuler ledit écart.The control device according to the invention is characterized in that a blade with parallel faces taken as an optical reference piece is rigidly fixed on the telescope to adjust the aiming axis of said telescope, this adjustment being effected by translation of the reticle in its plane until the reticle and its image obtained by decimation on said blade and observed through the eyepiece are combined, any transverse displacement of the optical center of the zoom which causes an angular deviation of said guide axis being identified by means a distance meter composed of a symmetrical hole in said center of the guide field in another semi-transparent parallel face plate, a detector arranged opposite said hole receiving the flux coming from the guide emitter after successive reflections on said plates , said detector being connected to the input of a deviation meter receiver, the output of which delivers an error signal measuring the deviation from the optical axis of the zoom by comparison ort at its nominal position and directed towards a correction element on the path of the laser beam to deflect this beam and the position of the center of said guide field so as to cancel said deviation.
La description suivante en regard du dessin annexé, le tout donné à titre d'exemple, fera bien comprendre comment l'invention peut être réalisée.The following description with reference to the appended drawing, all given by way of example, will make it clear how the invention can be implemented.
La figure unique représente le schéma de principe d'un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé conforme à l'invention.The single figure shows the block diagram of a device for implementing the method according to the invention.
La lunette de visée 1 définit l'axe de visée 2, il est réglé par construction perpendiculaire à la lame à faces parallèles 3 fixée rigidement sur la lunette de visée 1. Ce réglage est obtenu par exemple par translation dans son plan du réticule 4 jusqu'à ce que le réticule et son image par autocollimaton sur la lame 3 soient confondus. L'image est observée par l'observateur 5 à travers l'oculaire 6. Pour ce réglage, le réticule doit être lumineux ou éclairé par une source non représentée.The telescopic sight 1 defines the sight axis 2, it is adjusted by construction perpendicular to the blade with parallel faces 3 rigidly fixed on the telescopic sight 1. This adjustment is obtained for example by translation in its plane of the reticle 4 until the reticle and its sticker image on slide 3 are confused. The image is observed by the
Le projecteur de guidage comprend le faisceau laser 7, un système de balayage ou de codage 8 du champ de guidage dont le centre est le point 9, un objectif de projection à focale variable 10. L'axe de guidage est l'axe 11.The guide projector comprises the laser beam 7, a scanning or
Cet axe de guidage 11 doit être stable à toutes les distances focales du zoom 10 et parallèle à l'axe 2 malgré les imperfections mécaniques du zoom (jeux, dilatations, etc...).This guide axis 11 must be stable at all the focal distances of the
L'axe 11 passe par le centre optique 12 du zoom (représenté ici comme une lentille simple) et le centre 9 du champ de guidage. Tout déplacement transversal de 12 entraîne une déviation angulaire de l'axe 11. Ce déplacement est repéré au moyen d'un écartomètre composé d'un trou 13 placé devant un détecteur 14 qui reçoit le flux émis par l'émetteur de guidage après réflexion sur la lame 3 et la lame semi-transparente 15. Le trou 13 est symétrique de 9 dans la lame 15. Cet ensemble est rigide et indéformable.The axis 11 passes through the
Le détecteur 14 est muni d'un récepteur d'écartométrie 16 semblable à celui du missile. On peut ainsi mesurer à tout instant l'écart de l'axe 11 par rapport à sa position nominale.The
Le signal d'erreur est dirigé vers un élément de correction 17 qui va dévier le faisceau laser 7 et la position du centre du champ 9 de façon à annuler l'écart.The error signal is directed to a correction element 17 which will deflect the laser beam 7 and the position of the center of the field 9 so as to cancel the deviation.
L'élément de correction 17 peut être, dans certains cas, incorporé au système de balayage 8 en agissant directement sur les balayages du champ sans élément de déviation supplémentaire.The correction element 17 can, in certain cases, be incorporated into the
Le réglage initial de construction consiste à :
- 1. régler l'axe 2 perpendiculaire à la lame 3
- 2. harmoniser l'axe 11 par rapport à l'axe 2 au moyen d'un ou tillage de contrôle approprié pour une focale quelconque du zoom
- 3. régler la position du
trou 13 pour que l'écartomètre 16 donne un signal d'erreur nul - 4. brancher l'asservissement et vérifier que l'écart s'annule à toutes les distances focales du zoom.
- 1. set the axis 2 perpendicular to the blade 3
- 2. harmonize axis 11 with respect to axis 2 by means of one or control range suitable for any focal length of the zoom
- 3. adjust the position of
hole 13 so that thedistance meter 16 gives a zero error signal - 4. connect the servo and check that the difference is canceled at all focal lengths of the zoom.
Les avantages de ce schéma par rapport à un contrôle de l'axe 11 par un écartomètre extérieur sont les suivants :
- Le grandissement entre les points 9 et 13 est toujours égal à l'unité quelle que soit la distance focale du zoom puisque celui-ci est traversé 2 fois.
- Le flux traversant le trou 13 est constant. La dynamique de l'écartomètre peut être faible. La précision de mesure est optimale.
- Le facteur de transmission des lames 3 et 15 est voisin de 95 %. On atténue faiblement le faisceau de guidage.
- On utilise l'ouverture totale du faisceau de guidage, il n'y a pas de perte de résolution par diffraction due à une diaphragmation des faisceaux. La précision de mesure est optimale.
- L'encombrement est minimal.The advantages of this diagram compared to a control of axis 11 by an external distance meter are the following:
- The magnification between
- The flow through the
- The transmission factor of
- The total opening of the guide beam is used, there is no loss of resolution by diffraction due to a diaphragmation of the beams. The measurement accuracy is optimal.
- The space requirement is minimal.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8518467A FR2591767B1 (en) | 1985-12-13 | 1985-12-13 | METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE AXIS OF A VARIABLE FIELD GUIDANCE SYSTEM WITH THE AXIS OF A RIFLE SCOPE |
FR8518467 | 1985-12-13 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0228734A1 true EP0228734A1 (en) | 1987-07-15 |
EP0228734B1 EP0228734B1 (en) | 1991-03-13 |
Family
ID=9325746
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86202171A Expired - Lifetime EP0228734B1 (en) | 1985-12-13 | 1986-12-04 | Device for controlling the bore sighting of a variable field guidance system with respect to a sighting telescope |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4741618A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0228734B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS62140118A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3678128D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2591767B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0253106A1 (en) * | 1986-07-17 | 1988-01-20 | Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Method for parallel alignement |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3911307C2 (en) * | 1989-04-07 | 1998-04-09 | Busch Dieter & Co Prueftech | Method for determining whether two shafts arranged one behind the other are aligned or offset with respect to their central axis |
FR2793559B1 (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2001-07-27 | Cit Alcatel | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING ERRORS OF HARMONIZATION OF THE AXIS OF AN OPTICAL INSTRUMENT |
JP3395733B2 (en) * | 1999-10-05 | 2003-04-14 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Lightwave jammer |
JP4446087B2 (en) * | 2004-03-01 | 2010-04-07 | 独立行政法人情報通信研究機構 | Photodetector and photodetection system using the same |
CN105091792B (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2017-11-03 | 西安邮电大学 | A kind of device and its scaling method for demarcating many optical axis system optical axis depth of parallelisms |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2275789A1 (en) * | 1974-06-01 | 1976-01-16 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | DEVICE INTENDED FOR THE ALIGNMENT OF TWO OPTICAL AXES USING A COLLIMATOR |
FR2358674A1 (en) * | 1976-07-13 | 1978-02-10 | Sanders Associates Inc | BEAM PROJECTOR |
US4179085A (en) * | 1978-01-03 | 1979-12-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Optical boresight method for nutating system |
FR2467378A1 (en) * | 1979-10-13 | 1981-04-17 | Eltro Gmbh | Opto-electronic sight testing and adjusting appts. - uses marking projector and laser beam reflecting target to provide optical axes which can be brought into coincidence |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2133176A5 (en) * | 1971-04-09 | 1972-11-24 | Comp Generale Electricite | |
US4326799A (en) * | 1975-08-06 | 1982-04-27 | Raytheon Company | Active-passive scanning system |
US4326800A (en) * | 1980-05-05 | 1982-04-27 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Laser beam wavefront and line-of-sight error correction system |
US4385834A (en) * | 1980-07-28 | 1983-05-31 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Laser beam boresight system |
DE3034922C2 (en) * | 1980-09-16 | 1982-11-25 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Adjustment and testing device for a laser distance measuring system |
JPS5834420A (en) * | 1981-08-26 | 1983-02-28 | Tech Res & Dev Inst Of Japan Def Agency | Optical device |
GB2125162B (en) * | 1982-07-26 | 1985-09-18 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Optical alignment system |
US4662727A (en) * | 1983-08-01 | 1987-05-05 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Two-axis optical inertial system using a gyro rotor as a stable reference |
-
1985
- 1985-12-13 FR FR8518467A patent/FR2591767B1/en not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-12-04 EP EP86202171A patent/EP0228734B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-12-04 DE DE8686202171T patent/DE3678128D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-12-09 US US06/939,586 patent/US4741618A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-12-12 JP JP61296503A patent/JPS62140118A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2275789A1 (en) * | 1974-06-01 | 1976-01-16 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | DEVICE INTENDED FOR THE ALIGNMENT OF TWO OPTICAL AXES USING A COLLIMATOR |
FR2358674A1 (en) * | 1976-07-13 | 1978-02-10 | Sanders Associates Inc | BEAM PROJECTOR |
US4179085A (en) * | 1978-01-03 | 1979-12-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Optical boresight method for nutating system |
FR2467378A1 (en) * | 1979-10-13 | 1981-04-17 | Eltro Gmbh | Opto-electronic sight testing and adjusting appts. - uses marking projector and laser beam reflecting target to provide optical axes which can be brought into coincidence |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0253106A1 (en) * | 1986-07-17 | 1988-01-20 | Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Method for parallel alignement |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS62140118A (en) | 1987-06-23 |
DE3678128D1 (en) | 1991-04-18 |
EP0228734B1 (en) | 1991-03-13 |
FR2591767A1 (en) | 1987-06-19 |
FR2591767B1 (en) | 1988-02-19 |
US4741618A (en) | 1988-05-03 |
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