EP0169362B1 - Lifting clamp - Google Patents

Lifting clamp Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0169362B1
EP0169362B1 EP85107317A EP85107317A EP0169362B1 EP 0169362 B1 EP0169362 B1 EP 0169362B1 EP 85107317 A EP85107317 A EP 85107317A EP 85107317 A EP85107317 A EP 85107317A EP 0169362 B1 EP0169362 B1 EP 0169362B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plates
eye
clamp
universal joint
load
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85107317A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0169362A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Hoyer (Fh)
Gerd Ing. Grad. Ullrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pfeifer Seil- und Hebetechnik & Co GmbH
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Pfeifer Seil- und Hebetechnik & Co GmbH
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Priority to AT85107317T priority Critical patent/ATE32697T1/en
Publication of EP0169362A1 publication Critical patent/EP0169362A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/42Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles
    • B66C1/44Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles and applying frictional forces
    • B66C1/48Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles and applying frictional forces to vertical edge portions of sheets, tubes, or like thin or thin-walled articles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lifting clamp for lifting and turning loads, with a housing consisting essentially of two plates with a load-receiving slot, a movable clamping jaw and a counter-clamping jaw, act on the movable, lever-like clamping jaw handlebars which can be acted upon by a gimbal-type drawbar eye , whereby the towing eye is supported at an inclined pull on the housing in order to increase the clamping force between the clamping jaws by lever action.
  • a clamp of the type described above has become known, for example, from DE-PS 24 53 121.
  • the drawbar eye is gimbally connected to a handlebar arrangement which acts on the movable jaw. If an oblique pull now acts on the towing eye, the towing eye is supported on the housing of the lifting clamp, which creates a leverage effect, which has the consequence that the clamping force between the clamps is increased, so that the loss of clamping force due to the oblique pull is at least partially is balanced again.
  • the cardan joint With respect to its height relative to the housing parts on which the towing eye is supported in the case of an oblique pull, depends on the thickness of the load which is gripped by the clamping jaws. With thicker loads, the universal joint with its two axes is in a lower position, while with thin loads, the universal joint is raised or pulled more or less out of the housing of the lifting clamp.
  • This different height of the universal joint has the consequence that the support point of the drawbar eye on the housing of the lifting clamp cannot be predetermined and in particular that the elements on the drawbar eye which are intended to interact with the support points on the housing may come out of engagement with the housing, so that for example, an increase in the clamping force is not or is not sufficiently obtained with thin loads.
  • DE-PS 22 55 629 describes a lifting clamp in which the movable jaw is connected to the drawbar eye by means of a rope.
  • the rope is guided over pulleys and it is clear that with this design, even with an inclined pull, the same clamping forces can always be generated, regardless of the strength of the load.
  • the use of a rope is only possible for special purposes because thick pieces of wire rope can no longer be deflected sufficiently.
  • the invention is based on a lifting clamp of the type described above and suggests that the two axes of the universal joint are located within the housing and that the upper plate edge parts are curved outwards so that the support points of the towing eye lying obliquely against the plates Depending on the altitude of the cardan axes, hike down.
  • the support points between the towing eye on the one hand and the corresponding housing parts on the other hand are at least partially in the area between the two axes of the universal joint with which the Towing eye is connected to the other elements of the lifting clamp.
  • cam surfaces are formed on those parts of the towing eye that can be pivoted about the outer axis of the universal joint, which interact with the upper housing parts. Even with a slight upward pull, i.e. with thinner loads, the cam surface comes out of engagement with the associated counter surfaces. Only with very large enlargements of the outer dimensions in order to achieve longer lever arms, it would be possible with this design to avoid the cooperating parts of the towing eye and housing coming out of contact with thinner loads. But even then, only partial success would be achieved.
  • both axes of the universal joint are located within the housing, that is to say the support surfaces are provided above the universal joints in the event of an upward pull and when the diagonal pull moves upward depending on the height of the universal joints, can be used for Construction of the support surfaces on the housing and on the towing eye use the entire space available between the towing eye itself, i.e. the opening in which the hoist engages, on the one hand and the receiving slot for the load on the other.
  • the upper axis of the universal joint moves upwards due to thin loads, this path proves to be relatively small compared to the distance that is available between this axis and the support points. This will decrease Distance with thin loads. But this is basically without disadvantage, because with an inclined pull this shorter distance only leads to higher forces, which increase the more the thinner the load.
  • the individual parts of the lifting clamp are mounted in the housing 8, which is formed by the two plates 9 and 10 and by the connecting members 18 to 21 between these plates.
  • the connecting links 18 and 19 are designed in a plate-like manner, while the connecting links 20 and 21 have a more or less curved shape to form support points.
  • the jaws 11 and 12 are mounted between the plates 9 and 10.
  • the rigid jaw 12 is held by the bolt 30, while the movable jaw 11 is rotatable about the bolt 31.
  • This jaw 11 has an eccentric shape, so that it clamps the load 32 when pivoted counterclockwise in the illustration of FIG. 1.
  • the clamping jaw 12 has the two tooth regions 33 and 34, between which there is a tooth gap 29. This is arranged in such a way that the area 35 of the toothing 28 on the clamping jaw 11 engages in this tooth gap 29 without load, so that mutual damage to the teeth is avoided.
  • the upper region 36 of the load-receiving slot 37 is stiffened, as is known per se.
  • the clamping jaw 11 is driven by the link 13, specifically via the joint 38.
  • the link 13 is connected via the joint 39 to the end 24 of the rocker 14, which can be rotated about the pin 40.
  • the link 13 and the rocker 14 are preferably arranged in pairs in order to achieve a symmetrical distribution of forces.
  • the towing eye 7 engages the rocker 14 by means of a cardanic connection consisting of the intermediate piece 41 and the two axes 5 and 6.
  • the bolt 22 of the axis 6 is mounted directly in the rocker 14.
  • the axis 5 runs parallel to the plane of the plates 9 and 10, while the axis 6 is oriented perpendicular to this. With an upward pull on the towing eye 7, the jaw 11 will move into the closed position, so that the height of the universal joint axes 5 and 6 depends on the strength of the load 32.
  • the towing eye 7 is guided by the rocker 14 so that the axis 6 moves on a circular arc around the bolt 40. It has been found that this design brings useful results, although it is clear that because of the pivoting movement of the rocker 14, the axis 6 does not always remain in the central plane 43, but migrates laterally.
  • a slot-like guide or a similar means can also be provided for the bolt 6 in order to exclude lateral movements when the axis is connected 6 then takes place in a different way with the bolt 38.
  • the form of training shown has the advantage, however, that bolt joints can always be used which, on the one hand, are easy to manufacture and, on the other hand, can also be moved with less friction.
  • the upper edge 17 of the plates 9 and 10 is rounded, the radius of this rounding corresponding approximately to the distance of the inner axis 6 of the universal joint from the edge of the plate.
  • the curve can also be a little flatter. In this way, the available height up to the opening 44 of the eyelet 7 can be exploited well.
  • a clamp actuation 23 is mounted on the plate 9.
  • This clamp actuation consists of a toggle-type actuation handle 27 on the outside of the plate 9 and a curve piece 26 on the inside of the plate 9.
  • This curve piece 26 can be rotated about the axis 45.
  • a spring 25 is also provided, one end of which is attached to the rocker 14, while the other end is held on the inside of the plate 9, or also on the curve piece 26 in the vicinity of the axis 45.
  • the manual control 23 In the position of FIG. 1, the manual control 23 is in a position in which the curve piece 26 presses the rocker 14 downward, as a result of which the jaw 11 is pressed into the opening position. If the actuating handle is turned counterclockwise, the spring 25 can pivot the rocker counterclockwise around the bolt 40, the jaw 11 also coming into the closed position.
  • both the curve piece 26 and the actuating handle 27 are within the outline shapes of the plates 9, 10, the plates being correspondingly adapted to the pivoting range of the actuating handle 27, so that the load or other obstacles are also present when the lifting clamp is arranged horizontally do not complicate the operation of the handle 27.
  • the curvature of the plate edge part 15 also covers the operating handle.

Landscapes

  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
  • Led Device Packages (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Supporting Of Heads In Record-Carrier Devices (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

The hoist clamp has a coupling eye (7) which has a gimbal-type connection by means of the shafts (5,6) to clamp operating crank (14). When a diagonal pull is exerted, the neck (42) of the coupling eye (7) engages against a bracing point (3,4) which is sufficiently high above the shaft (6) to ensure that the lever action provides extra clamping force between the clamps (11,12). When the coupling eye (7) swings about the shaft (5), the coupling eye engages against the upper edges (1,2) of the casing (8), said edges curving outwards, so that additional clamping force is also obtained when the pull exerted is diagonal. Said additional clamping force is only marginally affected by the load (32) held in the load aperture (37).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Hebeklemme zum Heben und Wenden von Lasten, mit einem im wesentlichen aus zwei Platten bestehenden Gehäuse mit einem Lastaufnahmeschlitz, einer beweglichen Klemmbacke und einer Gegenklemmbacke, wobei auf die bewegliche, hebelartige Klemmbacke Lenker einwirken, die von einer kardanisch beweglichen Zugöse beaufschlagbar sind, wobei sich die Zugöse bei Schrägzug am Gehäuse abstützt, um durch Hebelwirkung die Klemmkraft zwischen den Klemmbacken zu erhöhen.The invention relates to a lifting clamp for lifting and turning loads, with a housing consisting essentially of two plates with a load-receiving slot, a movable clamping jaw and a counter-clamping jaw, act on the movable, lever-like clamping jaw handlebars which can be acted upon by a gimbal-type drawbar eye , whereby the towing eye is supported at an inclined pull on the housing in order to increase the clamping force between the clamping jaws by lever action.

Eine Klemme der vorstehend beschriebenen Gattung ist beispielsweise bekanntgeworden durch die DE-PS 24 53 121. Die Zugöse ist kardanisch mit einer Lenkeranordnung verbunden, die auf die bewegliche Klemmbacke einwirkt. Wirkt nun auf die Zugöse ein Schrägzug, so stützt sich die Zugöse an dem Gehäuse der Hebeklemme ab, wodurch eine Hebelwirkung entsteht, die zur Folge hat, daß die Klemmkraft zwischen den Klemmen erhöht wird, so daß die Einbuße an Klemmkraft durch den Schrägzug mindestens teilweise wieder ausgeglichen wird.A clamp of the type described above has become known, for example, from DE-PS 24 53 121. The drawbar eye is gimbally connected to a handlebar arrangement which acts on the movable jaw. If an oblique pull now acts on the towing eye, the towing eye is supported on the housing of the lifting clamp, which creates a leverage effect, which has the consequence that the clamping force between the clamps is increased, so that the loss of clamping force due to the oblique pull is at least partially is balanced again.

Bei einer Hebeklemme der beschriebenen Bauweise ergibt sich nun, daß das Kardangelenk bezüglich seiner Höhenlage zu den Gehäuseteilen, an denen sich die Zugöse bei einem Schrägzug abstützt, von der Dicke der Last abhängt, die von den Klemmbacken ergriffen wird. Bei dickeren Lasten befindet sich das Kardangelenk mit seinen zwei Achsen in einer tieferen Lage, während bei dünnen Lasten das Kardangelenk angehoben bzw. mehr oder weniger weit aus dem Gehäuse der Hebeklemme herausgezogen wird.With a lifting clamp of the type described, it now follows that the cardan joint, with respect to its height relative to the housing parts on which the towing eye is supported in the case of an oblique pull, depends on the thickness of the load which is gripped by the clamping jaws. With thicker loads, the universal joint with its two axes is in a lower position, while with thin loads, the universal joint is raised or pulled more or less out of the housing of the lifting clamp.

Diese unterschiedliche Höhenlage des Kardangelenkes hat zur Folge, daß die Abstützstelle der Zugöse am Gehäuse der Hebeklemme nicht vorherbestimmbar ist und insbesondere, daß die Elemente an der Zugöse, die mit den Abstützstellen am Gehäuse zusammenwirken sollen, gegebenenfalls außer Eingriff mit dem Gehäuse kommen, so daß beispielsweise bei dünnen Lasten eine Erhöhung der Klemmkraft nicht oder nicht ausreichend erhalten wird.This different height of the universal joint has the consequence that the support point of the drawbar eye on the housing of the lifting clamp cannot be predetermined and in particular that the elements on the drawbar eye which are intended to interact with the support points on the housing may come out of engagement with the housing, so that for example, an increase in the clamping force is not or is not sufficiently obtained with thin loads.

Jedenfalls ergibt sich bei dieser bekannten Vorrichtungen eine starke Abhängigkeit der Wirkung der Vorrichtung von der Dicke der Last und somit eine unsichere Funktionsweise der Hebeklemme bei stark wechselnden Lasten und unterschiedlichen Schrägzügen.In any case, with these known devices there is a strong dependency of the action of the device on the thickness of the load and thus an unsafe functioning of the lifting clamp with heavily changing loads and different diagonal pulls.

In der DE-PS 22 55 629 ist eine Hebeklemme beschrieben, bei der die bewegliche Klemmbacke mittels eines Seiles mit der Zugöse verbunden ist. Das Seil ist über Umlenkrollen geführt und es ist klar, daß bei dieser Bauweise auch bei einem Schrägzug immer gleiche Klemmkräfte erzeugt werden können und zwar unabhängig von der Stärke der Last. Die Verwendung eines Seiles ist aber nur für Sonderzwecke möglich, weil dicke Drahtseilstücke nicht mehr ausreichend umlenkbar sind.DE-PS 22 55 629 describes a lifting clamp in which the movable jaw is connected to the drawbar eye by means of a rope. The rope is guided over pulleys and it is clear that with this design, even with an inclined pull, the same clamping forces can always be generated, regardless of the strength of the load. However, the use of a rope is only possible for special purposes because thick pieces of wire rope can no longer be deflected sufficiently.

Die nachteiligen Einflüsse der Stärke der Last lassen sich beseitigen, wenn die Gegenklemme einstellbar ausgebildet wird. Eine solche Bauweise verlangt jedoch eine sorgfältige Bedienung, was nicht immer gewährleistet ist und einen zusätzlichen Aufwand erfordert.The disadvantageous influences of the strength of the load can be eliminated if the counter clamp is made adjustable. However, such a design requires careful operation, which is not always guaranteed and requires additional effort.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Hebeklemme vorzuschlagen, bei der die nachteiligen Einflüsse der Stärke der Last auf die Klemmkraft ganz oder doch im wesentlichen beseitigt sind, so daß unabhängig von der Laststärke auch bei Schrägzügen immer ausreichende Klemmkräfte erhalten werden.It is an object of the invention to propose a lifting clamp in which the adverse effects of the strength of the load on the clamping force are completely or substantially eliminated, so that sufficient clamping forces are always obtained regardless of the load strength even with diagonal pulls.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe geht die Erfindung aus von einer Hebeklemme der eingangs beschriebenen Gattung und schlägt vor, daß sich die beiden Achsen des Kardangelenks innerhalb des Gehäuses befinden und daß die oberen Plattenrandteile nach außen gewölbt sind so daß die Abstützstellen der schräg an den Platten anliegenden Zugöse je nach Höhenlage der Kardanachsen mit nach aben wandern. Bei den bisher bekannten, vergleichbaren Konstruktionen, insbesondere bei der eingangs erwähnten Klemme gemäß der DE-PS 24 53 121, befinden sich die Abstützstellen zwischen der Zugöse einerseits und den entsprechenden Gehäuseteilen andererseits mindestens teilweise im Bereich zwischen den beiden Achsen des Kardangelenkes, mit dem die Zugöse mit den anderen Elementen der Hebeklemme verbunden ist. Dabei sind an denjenigen Teilen der Zugöse, die um die außenliegende Achse des Kardangelenks verschwenkbar sind, Nockenflächen angeformt, die mit den oberen Gehäuseteilen zusammenwirken. Schon bei einem geringen Zug nach oben, also bei dünneren Lasten, kommt die Nockenfläche außer Eingriff mit den zugehörigen Gegenflächen. Nur bei sehr starken Vergrößerungen der äußeren Abmessungen, um längere Hebelarme zu erreichen, wäre es bei dieser Bauweise möglich zu vermeiden, daß bei dünneren Lasten die zusammenwirkenden Teile von Zugöse und Gehäuse außer Kontakt kommen. Aber auch dann würden nur geringe Teilerfolge erzielt.To achieve this object, the invention is based on a lifting clamp of the type described above and suggests that the two axes of the universal joint are located within the housing and that the upper plate edge parts are curved outwards so that the support points of the towing eye lying obliquely against the plates Depending on the altitude of the cardan axes, hike down. In the previously known, comparable constructions, in particular in the aforementioned clamp according to DE-PS 24 53 121, the support points between the towing eye on the one hand and the corresponding housing parts on the other hand are at least partially in the area between the two axes of the universal joint with which the Towing eye is connected to the other elements of the lifting clamp. In this case, cam surfaces are formed on those parts of the towing eye that can be pivoted about the outer axis of the universal joint, which interact with the upper housing parts. Even with a slight upward pull, i.e. with thinner loads, the cam surface comes out of engagement with the associated counter surfaces. Only with very large enlargements of the outer dimensions in order to achieve longer lever arms, it would be possible with this design to avoid the cooperating parts of the towing eye and housing coming out of contact with thinner loads. But even then, only partial success would be achieved.

Wenn nun aber, wie bei der vorgeschlagenen Lösung, sich beide Achsen des Kardangelenks innerhalb des Gehäuses befinden, also bei einem Zug nach oben die Abstützflächen oberhalb der Kardangelenke vorgesehen werden und beim Schrägzug je nach Höhenlage der Kardangelenke mit nach oben wandern, läßt sich für die Konstruktion der Abstützflächen am Gehäuse und an der Zugöse der gesamte Platz ausnützen, der zwischen der Zugöse selbst, also der Öffnung, in der das Hebezeug eingreift, einerseits und dem Aufnahmeschlitz für die Last andererseits zur Verfügung steht. Wenn nun die obere Achse des Kardangelenkes wegen dünner Lasten nach oben wandert, erweist sich dieser Weg als verhältnismäßig klein im Vergleich zu der Distanz, die zwischen dieser Achse und den Abstützstellen zur Verfügung steht. Zwar verringert sich diese Distanz bei dünnen Lasten. Dies ist aber im Grunde ohne Nachteil, weil bei einem Schrägzug diese geringere Distanz nur zu höheren Kräften führt, die um so mehr anwachsen, je dünner die Last ist.If, however, as in the proposed solution, both axes of the universal joint are located within the housing, that is to say the support surfaces are provided above the universal joints in the event of an upward pull and when the diagonal pull moves upward depending on the height of the universal joints, can be used for Construction of the support surfaces on the housing and on the towing eye use the entire space available between the towing eye itself, i.e. the opening in which the hoist engages, on the one hand and the receiving slot for the load on the other. If the upper axis of the universal joint moves upwards due to thin loads, this path proves to be relatively small compared to the distance that is available between this axis and the support points. This will decrease Distance with thin loads. But this is basically without disadvantage, because with an inclined pull this shorter distance only leads to higher forces, which increase the more the thinner the load.

Der Umstand, daß in der Regel bei Kardangelenken für derartige Hebeklemmen die Achsen in unterschiedlicher Höhenlage angeordnet sind, wirkt sich bei der Erfindung ebenfalls nicht nachteilig aus. Zwar werden die durch den Schrägzug erreichten zusätzlichen Klemmkräfte unterschiedlich sein, je nach welcher Richtung der Schrägzug erfolgt. Die zusätzlichen Klemmkräfte sind jedoch auch im ungünstigsten Falle groß genug, um eine sichere Schließkraft zu erzeugen. Es ist klar, daß bezüglich der unteren Achse des Kardangelenkes die Hebelwirkung schwächer ist, weil die Distanz zwischen dieser Achse und der Abstützstelle größer ist. Da aber die Lage der Abstützstellen sinngemäß gewählt werden kann, läßt sich auch für diesen Fall eine ausreichende Schließkraft erzeugen.The fact that the axes are generally arranged at different heights in universal joints for such lifting clamps also has no disadvantage in the invention. The additional clamping forces achieved by the diagonal pull will differ, depending on the direction in which the diagonal pull takes place. However, even in the worst case, the additional clamping forces are large enough to generate a secure closing force. It is clear that the leverage is weaker with respect to the lower axis of the universal joint because the distance between this axis and the support point is greater. However, since the position of the support points can be selected accordingly, a sufficient closing force can also be generated in this case.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the subclaims.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt. Es zeigen :

  • Fig. 1 eine Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Hebeklemme und
  • Fig. 2 eine Seitenansicht zur Darstellung der Fig. 1.
In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown schematically. Show it :
  • Fig. 1 is a view of a lifting clamp according to the invention and
  • FIG. 2 is a side view showing the FIG. 1.

Die Einzelteile der Hebeklemme sind im Gehäuse 8 gelagert, das durch die beiden Platten 9 und 10 sowie durch die Verbindungsglieder 18 bis 21 zwischen diesen Platten gebildet ist. Dabei sind die Verbindungsglieder 18 und 19 plattenartig gestaltet, während die Verbindungsglieder 20 und 21 zur Bildung von Abstützstellen eine mehr oder weniger gekrümmte Form aufweisen.The individual parts of the lifting clamp are mounted in the housing 8, which is formed by the two plates 9 and 10 and by the connecting members 18 to 21 between these plates. The connecting links 18 and 19 are designed in a plate-like manner, while the connecting links 20 and 21 have a more or less curved shape to form support points.

Zwischen den Platten 9 und 10 sind die Klemmbacken 11 und 12 gelagert. Die starre Klemmbacke 12 wird vom Bolzen 30 gehalten, während die bewegliche Klemmbacke 11 um den Bolzen 31 verdrehbar ist. Diese Klemmbacke 11 besitzt eine exzenterartige Gestalt, so daß sie bei Verschwenkung entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn in der Darstellung der Fig. 1 die Last 32 festklemmt. Die Klemmbacke 12 besitzt die beiden Zahnbereiche 33 und 34, zwischen denen sich eine Zahnlücke 29 befindet. Diese ist derart angeordnet, daß sich ohne Last der Bereich 35 der Verzahnung 28 an der Klemmbacke 11 in diese Zahnlücke 29 einlegt, so daß eine gegenseitige Beschädigung der Zähne vermieden wird.The jaws 11 and 12 are mounted between the plates 9 and 10. The rigid jaw 12 is held by the bolt 30, while the movable jaw 11 is rotatable about the bolt 31. This jaw 11 has an eccentric shape, so that it clamps the load 32 when pivoted counterclockwise in the illustration of FIG. 1. The clamping jaw 12 has the two tooth regions 33 and 34, between which there is a tooth gap 29. This is arranged in such a way that the area 35 of the toothing 28 on the clamping jaw 11 engages in this tooth gap 29 without load, so that mutual damage to the teeth is avoided.

Der obere Bereich 36 des Lastaufnahmeschlitzes 37 ist, wie an sich bekannt, versteift.The upper region 36 of the load-receiving slot 37 is stiffened, as is known per se.

Die Klemmbacke 11 wird vom Lenker 13 angetrieben und zwar über das Gelenk 38. Der Lenker 13 ist über das Gelenk 39 mit dem Ende 24 der Schwinge 14 verbunden, die um den Bolzen 40 verdrehbar ist.The clamping jaw 11 is driven by the link 13, specifically via the joint 38. The link 13 is connected via the joint 39 to the end 24 of the rocker 14, which can be rotated about the pin 40.

Der Lenker 13 und die Schwinge 14, sind vorzugsweise jeweils paarweise angeordnet, um eine möglichst symmetrische Kräfteverteilung zu erreichen.The link 13 and the rocker 14 are preferably arranged in pairs in order to achieve a symmetrical distribution of forces.

An der Schwinge 14 greift die Zugöse 7 an und zwar mittels einer kardanischen Verbindung, die aus dem Zwischenstück 41 und den beiden Achsen 5 und 6 besteht. Dabei ist der Bolzen 22 der Achse 6 direkt in der Schwinge 14 gelagert. Die Achse 5 verläuft parallel zur Ebene der Platten 9 bzw. 10, während die Achse 6 senkrecht hierzu ausgerichtet ist. Bei einem nach oben gerichtetem Zug an der Zugöse 7 wird sich die Klemmbacke 11 in die Schließstellung bewegen, so daß die Höhenlage der Kardangelenkachsen 5 und 6 von der Stärke der Last 32 abhängt.The towing eye 7 engages the rocker 14 by means of a cardanic connection consisting of the intermediate piece 41 and the two axes 5 and 6. The bolt 22 of the axis 6 is mounted directly in the rocker 14. The axis 5 runs parallel to the plane of the plates 9 and 10, while the axis 6 is oriented perpendicular to this. With an upward pull on the towing eye 7, the jaw 11 will move into the closed position, so that the height of the universal joint axes 5 and 6 depends on the strength of the load 32.

Bei einem Schrägzug, bei der die Zugöse um die Achse 6 verschwenkt, wie dies in der Fig. 1 mit strichpunktierten Linien angedeutet ist, und eine Kraftkomponente in Richtung des Pfeiles 46 wirkt, findet die Zugöse bzw. der Halsteil 42 der Zugöse eine Abstützstelle 3 an dem Verbindungsglied 20. Bei entgegengesetzter Zugrichtung kommt der Halsteil 42 an der Abstützstelle 4 des Verbindungsgliedes 21 zur Anlage. Die Zugöse 7 mit dem Zwischenstück 21, wirkt dabei wie ein doppelarmiger Hebel, wobei der Bolzen 22 der Achse 6 nach oben gezogen und die Schließkraft zwischen den Backen 11 und 12 vergrößert wird. Wegen der verhältnismäßig großen Distanz zwischen den Abstützstellen 3 und der Achse 6, die ein wesentliches Ergebnis des erfindungsgemäßen Vorschlages ist, werden immer gute Schließkräfte erhalten.In the case of an oblique pull in which the drawbar eye pivots about the axis 6, as is indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIG. 1, and a force component acts in the direction of arrow 46, the drawbar eye or the neck part 42 of the drawbar eye finds a support point 3 on the connecting member 20. In the opposite pulling direction, the neck part 42 comes to rest on the support point 4 of the connecting member 21. The towing eye 7 with the intermediate piece 21 acts like a double-armed lever, the bolt 22 of the axis 6 being pulled upward and the closing force between the jaws 11 and 12 being increased. Because of the relatively large distance between the support points 3 and the axis 6, which is an essential result of the proposal according to the invention, good closing forces are always obtained.

Aus der Darstellung der Fig. 2 ergibt sich, daß die oberen Plattenrandteile 15 und 16 der Platte 9 und 10 nach äußen gewölbt sind, wobei diese Wölbung mit einem konstanten Radius erfolgen kann, also im wesentlichen eine Zylinderfläche angeformt wird. Es können aber auch Wölbungen anderer Abmessungen angeordnet werden, insbesondere Wölbungen mit zum Rand hin abnehmendem Radius oder auch solche, bei denen an eine enge Krümmung eine Krümmung mit großem Radius zum Rand hin anschließt. In allen Fällen wird sich ergeben, daß bei einem Schrägzug, wie dieser in der Fig. 2 mit strichpunktierten Linien der Zugöse 7 angedeutet ist, Abstützstellen 1 bzw. 2 erhalten werden, die umsoweiter nach oben wandern, je höher die Höhenlage der Achse 5 ist, die wiederum von der Stärke der Last 32 abhängt. Es werden daher immer brauchbare Hebelarme erhalten, die Zugkräfte auf den Bolzen der Achse 5 ausüben. Diese Zugkräfte werden über das Zwischenstück 41 auf die Schwinge 14 und dann auf die Klemmbacke 11 weitergeleitet.From the representation of FIG. 2 it follows that the upper plate edge parts 15 and 16 of the plate 9 and 10 are curved outwards, whereby this curvature can take place with a constant radius, that is to say essentially a cylindrical surface is formed. However, curvatures of other dimensions can also be arranged, in particular curvatures with a radius that decreases towards the edge, or also those in which a curvature with a large radius adjoins the edge toward a narrow curvature. In all cases, it will be seen that in the case of an inclined pull, as is indicated in FIG. 2 with dash-dotted lines of the towing eye 7, support points 1 and 2 are obtained which move all the more upwards, the higher the height of the axis 5 which in turn depends on the strength of the load 32. It is therefore always useful lever arms that exert tensile forces on the axis 5 bolts. These tensile forces are transmitted via the intermediate piece 41 to the rocker 14 and then to the clamping jaw 11.

In dem in den Zeichnungen dargestellten und oben beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel wird die Zugöse 7 von der Schwinge 14 geführt, so daß sich die Achse 6 auf einem Kreisbogen um den Bolzen 40 bewegt. Es wurde gefunden, daß diese Bauweise brauchbare Ergebnisse bringt, obwohl klar ist, daß wegen der Schwenkbewegung der Schwinge 14 die.Achse 6 nicht immer in der Mittelebene 43 bleibt, sondern seitlich auswandert. Natürlich kann für den Bolzen 6 auch eine schlitzartige Führung oder ein ähnliches Mittel vorgesehen werden, um seitliche Bewegungen auszuschließen, wenn die Verbindung der Achse 6 mit dem Bolzen 38 dann in anderer Weise erfolgt. Die gezeigte Ausbildungsform hat aber den Vorteil, daß immer Bolzengelenke angewandt werden können, die einerseits einfach herstellbar sind und andererseits sich auch mit geringerer Reibung bewegen lassen. Durch entsprechende Ausbildung der Konturen der Abstützstellen 3 und 4 lassen sich, wenn gewünscht, noch Veränderungen der Hebelarme erreichen.In the embodiment shown in the drawings and described above, the towing eye 7 is guided by the rocker 14 so that the axis 6 moves on a circular arc around the bolt 40. It has been found that this design brings useful results, although it is clear that because of the pivoting movement of the rocker 14, the axis 6 does not always remain in the central plane 43, but migrates laterally. Of course, a slot-like guide or a similar means can also be provided for the bolt 6 in order to exclude lateral movements when the axis is connected 6 then takes place in a different way with the bolt 38. The form of training shown has the advantage, however, that bolt joints can always be used which, on the one hand, are easy to manufacture and, on the other hand, can also be moved with less friction. By appropriate design of the contours of the support points 3 and 4, changes in the lever arms can be achieved if desired.

Der obere Rand 17 der Platten 9 und 10 ist, wie aus der Fig. 1 ersichtlich, gerundet, wobei der Radius dieser Rundung etwa dem Abstand der inneren Achse 6 des Kardangelenkes vom Plattenrand entspricht. Die Rundung kann auch etwas flacher sein. Auf diese Weise läßt sich die zur Verfügung stehende Bauhöhe bis zur Öffnung 44 der Öse 7 gut ausnützen.1, the upper edge 17 of the plates 9 and 10 is rounded, the radius of this rounding corresponding approximately to the distance of the inner axis 6 of the universal joint from the edge of the plate. The curve can also be a little flatter. In this way, the available height up to the opening 44 of the eyelet 7 can be exploited well.

An der Platte 9 ist eine Klemmenbetätigung 23 gelagert. Diese Klemmenbetätigung besteht aus einem knebelartigen Betätigungsgriff 27 auf der Außenseite der Platte 9 und einem Kurvenstück 26 auf der Innensteite der Platte 9. Dieses Kurvenstück 26 ist um die Achse 45 verdrehbar. Es ist ferner eine Feder 25 vorgesehen, deren eines Ende an der Schwinge 14 befestigt ist, während das andere Ende an der Innenseite der Platte 9, oder auch am Kurvenstück 26 in der Nähe der Achse 45 gehalten ist.A clamp actuation 23 is mounted on the plate 9. This clamp actuation consists of a toggle-type actuation handle 27 on the outside of the plate 9 and a curve piece 26 on the inside of the plate 9. This curve piece 26 can be rotated about the axis 45. A spring 25 is also provided, one end of which is attached to the rocker 14, while the other end is held on the inside of the plate 9, or also on the curve piece 26 in the vicinity of the axis 45.

In der Stellung der Fig. 1 befindet sich die Handbetätigung 23 in einer Stellung, in der das Kurvenstück 26 die Schwinge 14 nach unten drückt, wodurch die Backe 11 in die ÖffnungssteIlung gedrückt wird. Wird der Betätigungsgriff entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn gedreht, kann die Feder 25 die Schwinge entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn um den Bolzen 40 verschwenken, wobei auch die Backe 11 in die Schließstellung gelangt.In the position of FIG. 1, the manual control 23 is in a position in which the curve piece 26 presses the rocker 14 downward, as a result of which the jaw 11 is pressed into the opening position. If the actuating handle is turned counterclockwise, the spring 25 can pivot the rocker counterclockwise around the bolt 40, the jaw 11 also coming into the closed position.

Von Vorteil ist, daß sowohl das Kurvenstück 26 als auch der Betätigungsgriff 27 sich innerhalb der Umrißformen der Platten 9, 10 befinden, wobei die Platten dem Schwenkbereich des Betätigungsgriffs 27 sinngemäß angepaßt sind, so daß auch bei liegender Anordnung der Hebeklemme die Last oder andere Hindernisse die Betätigung des Griffes 27 nicht erschweren. Auch die Wölbung des Plattenrandteils 15 deckt den Betätigungsgriff zusätzlich ab.It is advantageous that both the curve piece 26 and the actuating handle 27 are within the outline shapes of the plates 9, 10, the plates being correspondingly adapted to the pivoting range of the actuating handle 27, so that the load or other obstacles are also present when the lifting clamp is arranged horizontally do not complicate the operation of the handle 27. The curvature of the plate edge part 15 also covers the operating handle.

Claims (4)

1. A hoist clamp for lifting and turning loads having a casing (8) consisting in the main of two plates (9, 10) with a load aperture (37), a movable (11) and a fixed jaw (12), the movable jaw being acted upon by arms (13, 14) activated by an eye coupling (7) moved by an universal joint so that in the event of diagonally exerted pull, the eye coupling is braced against the casing (8) in order, by means of lever action, to increase the clamping force in the jaws and with two shafts (5, 6) inside the casing (8) and where top parts of the plates (15, 16) are curved outwards, so that the bracing points (1, 2) of the diagonally positioned coupling eye (7) on the plates (9, 10) move upwards in accordance with the positional height of the universal shafts (5, 6).
2. A hoist clamp as claimed in claim 1, in which the shaft (5) of the universal joint located at a close distance to the edge of the plate, lies parallel to the plane of the plates (9, 10).
3. A hoist clamp as claimed in any of claim 1 or 2 in which the edge (17) of those parts of the plates which curve outwards (15, 16), is chamfered.
4. A hoist clamp as claimed in claim 3 in which the radius of the chamfer is approximately the same as the distance between the inside shaft (6) of the universal joint which located at the greater distance to the edge of the plate.
EP85107317A 1984-06-23 1985-06-13 Lifting clamp Expired EP0169362B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85107317T ATE32697T1 (en) 1984-06-23 1985-06-13 LIFTING CLAMP.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3423314 1984-06-23
DE19843423314 DE3423314A1 (en) 1984-06-23 1984-06-23 LIFTING CLAMP

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0169362A1 EP0169362A1 (en) 1986-01-29
EP0169362B1 true EP0169362B1 (en) 1988-03-02

Family

ID=6239056

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85107317A Expired EP0169362B1 (en) 1984-06-23 1985-06-13 Lifting clamp

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US4647098A (en)
EP (1) EP0169362B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6160593A (en)
AT (1) ATE32697T1 (en)
AU (1) AU581900B2 (en)
DD (1) DD234658A5 (en)
DE (2) DE3423314A1 (en)
DK (1) DK158298B (en)
ES (1) ES8608443A1 (en)
FI (1) FI78884C (en)
NO (1) NO161309C (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4878577A (en) * 1986-11-04 1989-11-07 Investronica, S.A. Peg for overhead trouser conveyor
EP0463838A1 (en) * 1990-06-22 1992-01-02 J.C. Renfroe and Sons, Inc. Lifting clamp
US5409280A (en) * 1993-09-03 1995-04-25 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Pipe clamp
DE102014013017A1 (en) * 2014-09-02 2016-03-03 Carl Stahl Gmbh Lifting device for lifting, transporting and depositing a load
DE102017011810A1 (en) 2017-12-20 2019-06-27 Gks Stahl- Und Maschinenbau Gmbh lifting clamp
US11472674B2 (en) 2019-02-28 2022-10-18 Laitram, L.L.C. Lifting clamp including pivot leg

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI26310A (en) * 1950-02-21 1953-05-11 Ehlin Erik Rantonen Valdemar Lyftverktyg
US3356406A (en) * 1965-06-15 1967-12-05 Renfroe & Sons J C Lifting clamp
US3370881A (en) * 1966-04-11 1968-02-27 Renfroe & Sons J C Lifting clamp
US3300242A (en) * 1966-05-27 1967-01-24 Safety Clamps Inc Plate lifting clamps
DE2255629C3 (en) * 1972-11-14 1980-11-06 Lothar 7768 Stockach Brandt Gripping clamp with a load-bearing slot provided in a housing
DE2453121C3 (en) * 1974-11-08 1980-10-23 Eagle Clamp Co., Ltd., Nara (Japan) Lifting claw
US4183571A (en) * 1976-03-04 1980-01-15 J. C. Renfroe And Sons, Inc. Screw-type lifting clamp

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4647098A (en) 1987-03-03
DD234658A5 (en) 1986-04-09
AU4399385A (en) 1986-01-02
FI852446L (en) 1985-12-24
JPS6160593A (en) 1986-03-28
NO161309C (en) 1989-08-02
DK158298B (en) 1990-04-30
DE3561714D1 (en) 1988-04-07
DK280985A (en) 1985-12-24
ES8608443A1 (en) 1986-07-16
ES544443A0 (en) 1986-07-16
AU581900B2 (en) 1989-03-09
ATE32697T1 (en) 1988-03-15
DK280985D0 (en) 1985-06-21
DE3423314A1 (en) 1986-01-02
FI78884B (en) 1989-06-30
FI78884C (en) 1989-10-10
NO852508L (en) 1985-12-27
FI852446A0 (en) 1985-06-20
NO161309B (en) 1989-04-24
EP0169362A1 (en) 1986-01-29

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