EP0163479B1 - Gebirgskontrolle - Google Patents
Gebirgskontrolle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0163479B1 EP0163479B1 EP85303580A EP85303580A EP0163479B1 EP 0163479 B1 EP0163479 B1 EP 0163479B1 EP 85303580 A EP85303580 A EP 85303580A EP 85303580 A EP85303580 A EP 85303580A EP 0163479 B1 EP0163479 B1 EP 0163479B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wires
- areas
- cable bolt
- receiving members
- bolt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000234282 Allium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002732 Allium cepa var. cepa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003019 stabilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B5/00—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form
- D07B5/005—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form characterised by their outer shape or surface properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B7/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, rope- or cable-making machines; Auxiliary apparatus associated with such machines
- D07B7/16—Auxiliary apparatus
- D07B7/18—Auxiliary apparatus for spreading or untwisting ropes or cables into constituent parts for treatment or splicing purposes
- D07B7/187—Auxiliary apparatus for spreading or untwisting ropes or cables into constituent parts for treatment or splicing purposes for forming bulbs in ropes or cables
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
- E21D21/006—Anchoring-bolts made of cables or wires
Definitions
- This invention relates to an improved wire strand for cable bolting applications, its method of manufacture and apparatus therefor.
- Cable bolts normally comprise flexible strands of high tensile, stress-relieved steel cable which normally have a single central wire and six wires laid thereabouts in parallel spirals. Whilst this particular formation is stated to be normal, there are other strands used in this application which have as many as 19 or 37 wires which have a single central wire and the remainder wrapped thereabout.
- the cable bolt may be provided with retaining means which comprise a pair of arms of wire held to the cable adjacent to its leading end and/or at various positions along its length, the arms extending outwardly and 'rearwardly' from the cable bolt, the arrangement being such that the cable can be placed into a bore hole of, say, 50 to 70 millimetres in diameter and axial movement from the hole is restricted by these outwardly directed arms, which contact the bore hole wall on such outward axial movement of the cable.
- These arms do not assist in the operation of the cable bolt, but simply act to retain this until grouting is effected.
- the bore hole is then filled with a cement grout.
- the cable bolt may comprise a pair of strands which may be interconnected in a spaced manner at distances along the length of the bolt and in some applications each strand may have at predetermined distances along its length a barrel located thereabouts to increase the effective diameter of the strand.
- each individual strand may be provided with indents or the like along its length to assist the frictional interengagement with the grout column.
- Cable bolts can be used in a number of different applications in mines, such as for underground stoping, for pillar support, for development support, and in open pit applications. Generally, holes are drilled through the ground normally into more solid strata into which the bolts are passed and located by the grouting.
- the bolts are located in a pattern which is determined largely by the geological formation, to stabilise the wall or roof into which the bolts are passed.
- the bolts pass through the ore body to be mined and as this portion of the body is removed by blasting so the bolts are exposed, and they can then be cut off if necessary.
- the bolts pass through unstable material which is not part of the ore body and, by stabilising this, prevent materials from mixing with the ore body thereby diluting the ore, increasing the volume to be treated and accordingly increasing the cost of winning the mineral values.
- a major factor in the effectiveness of cable bolts is in the friction between the bolt and the grout, and if this can be increased there is an increase in the force necessary to cause breaking away of adjacent material and, in the optimum, it would be desirable that bolt support a load effectively up to its tensile strength before the adjacent rock separates therefrom.
- a cable bolt is known in which the wires of said cable bolt, over at least part of its length are displaced with respect to the direction of the original twist and held at each end after displacement thereby providing a cable bolt which has an area of enlarged diameter where the wires are spaced, one from another, and areas where the wires lie closely adjacent.
- DE-A-2 755 454 discloses an anchoring for steel cables formed by spreading the wires under plastic deformation to provide a pear shaped or onion shaped body terminated by inwardly curved end portions of the wires, the structure so formed being embedded in concrete or other grout to achieve anchoring.
- the invention provides a method of making a cable bolt formed from one or more strands composed of a plurality of helically laid wires in which the wires of the cable bolt, over at least part of its length, are displaced with respect to the direction of the original twist and held at each end after displacement thereby providing a cable bolt which has alternate areas of enlarged diameter where the wires are spaced, one from the other, and areas where the wires lie closely adjacent, said method being characterised by the steps of first destranding the helically laid wires, then locating the wires in separate elongate receiving members, holding the wires adjacent one end and twisting the wires together in a direction opposite to the original twist, so that, over at least part of its length, there is provided a cable bolt which has said alternate areas of enlarged diameter where the wires are spaced, one from the other, and said areas where the wires lie closely adjacent.
- the invention provides an apparatus for making a cable bolt formed from one or more strands composed of a plurality of helically laid wires, in which the wires of the cable bolt, over at least part of its length, are displaced with respect to the direction of the original twist, and held at each end after displacement thereby providing a cable bolt which has alternate areas of enlarged diameter where the wires are spaced, one from the other, and areas where the wires lie closely adjacent, said apparatus being characterised by a base, a plurality of elongate wire receiving members mounted for axial movement along the base and adapted to receive at least the number of wires required in the finished cable bolt, the wire receiving members being rotatable, as a group, about an axis parallel to those of the individual wire receiving members, by axial movement of said wire receiving members relative to said base, a headstock in which one end of wires received in the receiving members can be held, and a gear to rotate the wire receiving members whilst there is relative axial movement between the headstock and the wire receiving members,
- the invention also provides a cable bolt of high tensile strength for ground control comprising a plurality of individually twisted wires of a constant pitch which throughout the length of the bolt are twisted in the direction opposite to the original twist of the wires at spaced regions along the bolt so as to provide between the ends of the bolt a plurality of successive areas of enlarged diameter wherein the wires are spaced, one from the other, and are separated by nodes therebetween wherein the wires lie closely adjacent to one another, said nodes being of short length as compared with the lengths of the areas of enlarged diameter.
- a cable bolt is flexible, and normally comprises one or two strands of high tensile, stress-relieved steel cable.
- Each strand consists of a number of wires, conventionally seven, of which the centre wire runs straight through the strand and the outer wires are helically wound around the centre wire in close contact, so that any section of the strand shows the centre wire surrounded by six outer wires each of which is in contact with its two adjacent wires and the centre wire.
- Each wire may be smooth but, preferably, to increase the frictional engagement between the wire and the grouting in which the cable bolt is embedded, the wire may have indents or the like along its length.
- Normal cable bolts are terminated at each end, either by a ductile member which is deformed around the bolt, or by a barrel and wedge.
- the reformed strands in order to differentiate the reformed strands from the initial strands from which they are formed, we shall describe the reformed strands as cable bolts or cable bolt lengths.
- the table or bed 10 illustrated is designed for batch treatments of cable bolt lengths and has a length which is approximately twice the length of the strands.
- the operative portion of the apparatus comprises a headstock 20 at one end of the table and a trolley-mounted turret arrangement 30 which is adapted to move forwardly and rearwardly along the table and which is driven by a drive means 40.
- this is built about a pair of chucks or collets 21, each of which is adapted to receive a wire strand 22 in an engagement whereby the strand can be rotated about its axis.
- Each chuck 21 is mounted for rotation, and for this purpose is provided about its periphery with spur gear 23.
- These spur gears are connected by a chain 24 to a driving gear 25 which, in turn, is driven by motor 26 through gears 27, 28 which are interconnected by chain 29, gear 28 driving shaft 15 to which gear 28 is connected.
- the whole of the headstock assembly is mounted on a carriage 16 having wheels 17 which engage with the flanges 11 of the table 10.
- the turret assembly 30 consists of a number of trolleys or trucks 31, each of which has flanged wheels 32 which ride on the flanges 11 of the table 10, and a single trolley or truck 33 which is located behind the first of the trolleys 31 and which is different in construction from the earlier trolleys.
- each trolley 31 is provided with a receiving member 34 which is mounted for rotation on idlers 35 and which is retained against axial movement by these idlers.
- the trolley 31 shown in Fig. 5 is, in fact, the leading or front trolley most adjacent the headstock 20.
- the tubes 36 terminate at slightly different distances, as will be described hereinafter, and the central tubes 37 are located in a surround 38 which extends forwardly of the various tubes.
- the tubes 36, 37 and the surround 38 extend rearwardly through each of the trolleys 31, and through the trolley 33, and the total length of these tubes is approximately equal to the total length of the wire strands to be used.
- the trolley 33 differs from the other trolleys in that, in this case, the receiving member 50, whilst mounted on rollers 35 in a manner similar to the receiving members 34, and whilst having an internal configuration the same as the earlier described members, has an external spur gear 51 which is driven by a chain 52 from a gear 53 which is rotated through a gear box 56 by rotation of a shaft 57 driven by a pinion 54 which moves along a rack 55 formed on the table 10.
- the trolley can be moved forwardly and rearwardly along the table, respectively towards and away from the headstock, by the drive means 40 illustrated in Fig. 4.
- the drive means includes a motor 41 which drives a pulley 42 by means of chain 43 and spur gears 44, 45.
- the pulley 42 is in connection with an endless cable 46 which passes over idler roller 47, as illustrated in Fig. 4, and over a similar idler roller, not illustrated, adjacent the end of the apparatus opposite the headstock.
- the cable 46 is in connection with the trolleys of the turret assembly, whereby, depending upon the direction of rotation of the motor 41 or the setting of the gear box, the turret assembly can be moved towards or away from the headstock 20.
- the turret assembly is moved to the end of the table away from the headstock, by means of the motor 41 and cable 46, and the strands to be converted into the strand of the invention are laid along the table. One end of each of these strands is connected to one of the chucks 21.
- the turret assembly is moved until the free ends of the strands are closely adjacent the surround 38, the ends of both strands are partially destranded, and the individual wires are each placed into one of the tubes 36 or 37.
- the pinion 54 is moved away from the rack 55 by operation of the handle 60, and the turret assembly is caused to move towards the headstock, by operation of the motor 41 causing movement of the cable 46.
- the motor 26 of the headstock is operated so as to tend to unwind the strands in the chucks 21.
- the wires can be readily fed and the wires are held in the tubes.
- the ends of the strands adjacent the headstock may remain in their normal condition or, if required, the headstock could be caused to move towards the end of the turret assembly so that a very substantial part of the total length of each wire strand is unwound.
- the pinion 54 is brought into engagement with the rack 55 and, thus, when the turret trolleys 31 and 33 commence to move away from the headstock 20, the receiving member 50 is caused to rotate and rotation of this causes a corresponding rotation of the tube 36, 37 and the other receiving members 34.
- This direction of rotation of the receiving member 50 is opposite to the direction of rotation of the chucks 21 during the unravelling.
- the speed of rotation may be such that the required end result is achieved by the rotation of the receiving member 50, and thus the tubes and other receiving members.
- the completed cable bolt has a series of nodes 61 in which the wires are in a position very similar to that which they would have occupied in a conventional strand, see specifically Fig. 12. It will be appreciated that the arrangement is not as symmetrical as a normal strand, as the cable bolt is comprised of two previously separate strands, and therefore has two centre wires and twelve outer wires instead of a single centre wire and six closely adjacent outer wires as is the case with the strands used in the formation thereof.
- This operation considered in relation to a seven wire strand having nominal five millimetre wires, having a nominal diameter of approximately fifteen millimetres and having a pitch of approximately 210 mm, but not limited thereto, forms nodes approximately at the positions of pitch lengths of the strand and, depending on the degree of opposite twist, so the diameter of the strand between the nodes is greater or lesser, the greater the twist the lesser the diameter.
- the wires of the strand can be held, during manufacture, at or adjacent the one end, and the twist applied at the one end is the same as the original twist of the strand so that the one end of the strand is basically conventional and has a constant diameter and can be terminated in conventional ways, say by using barrels and wedges.
- the ends are held together by some form of clamping assembly, as is conventional, and the cable bolt can then be handled in a way very similar to normal strands, that is it can be coiled or otherwise prepared for delivery.
- Fig. 13 is an embodiment which shows an alternate type of cable bolt which can be made by use of the invention and, in this case, the cable bolt has alternate large diameter areas and areas where the cable bolt is effectively similar to a normal strand having the same number of wires.
- Fig. 14 shows a plot of deformation against load using cable bolts made in accordance with the invention and normal cable bolts.
- the cable bolt of the invention was a seven strand cable bolt, that is it was fabricated from a single initial strand rather than the illustrated arrangement which was made from two strands.
- the comparison sample was a 1 x 15.2 mm standard strand.
- Both of the strands had an estimated 25 tonne tensile strength, and it can be seen from the plots that the strands of the invention suffered deformation up to the point of tensile failure, whereas the standard strands all slipped relative to the grout well before tensile failure.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT85303580T ATE56074T1 (de) | 1984-05-22 | 1985-05-21 | Gebirgskontrolle. |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AUPG511384 | 1984-05-22 | ||
AU5113/84 | 1984-05-22 | ||
AU42734/85A AU558348C (en) | 1984-05-22 | 1985-05-21 | Ground control |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0163479A2 EP0163479A2 (de) | 1985-12-04 |
EP0163479A3 EP0163479A3 (en) | 1987-01-14 |
EP0163479B1 true EP0163479B1 (de) | 1990-08-29 |
Family
ID=25626112
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP85303580A Expired - Lifetime EP0163479B1 (de) | 1984-05-22 | 1985-05-21 | Gebirgskontrolle |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0163479B1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4203740A1 (de) * | 1992-02-09 | 1993-08-12 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag | Verfahren zum herstellen eines ankerelementes aus einer litze aus verdrillten stahldraehten |
DE4432128A1 (de) * | 1994-09-09 | 1996-06-05 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Ankerelements für einen Erd- oder Felsanker, Felsbolzen oder dergleichen aus einer Litze aus verdrillten Stahldrähten |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ATE185610T1 (de) * | 1991-07-26 | 1999-10-15 | J J P Geotechnical Engineering | Seilanker |
EP0628114A4 (de) * | 1992-01-31 | 1995-07-19 | Bhp Steel Awi Pty Ltd | Kabelbolzen. |
GB2281366B (en) * | 1993-08-16 | 1996-07-31 | Bridon Plc | Ribbed flexible member for casting into an anchorage medium |
GB9403675D0 (en) * | 1994-02-25 | 1994-04-13 | Asw Ltd | High tensile strand anchorages and methods of installation thereof |
DE19732023A1 (de) * | 1997-07-25 | 1999-01-28 | Drahtwerk Koeln Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen und zum Entfernen einer Litze mit Soll-Bruchstelle |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1991485U (de) * | 1968-08-08 | Dr-Ing Arthur Rohnisch, 7000 Stuttgart-Vaihmgen | Injektionszuganker | |
GB538384A (en) * | 1940-01-30 | 1941-07-31 | British Ropes Ltd | Improvements relating to steel wire ropes |
DE1143471B (de) * | 1958-05-28 | 1963-02-14 | British Ropes Ltd | Gebirgsanker |
CH549688A (de) * | 1972-04-11 | 1974-05-31 | Ullmann Martin | Maschine zur herstellung von seilen. |
DE2755454C2 (de) * | 1977-12-13 | 1982-02-11 | Philipp Holzmann Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Verankerung mit einem Haftanker an einer Litze und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Verankerung |
GB2104474A (en) * | 1981-08-27 | 1983-03-09 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Destranding optical fibre cable |
-
1985
- 1985-05-21 EP EP85303580A patent/EP0163479B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4203740A1 (de) * | 1992-02-09 | 1993-08-12 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag | Verfahren zum herstellen eines ankerelementes aus einer litze aus verdrillten stahldraehten |
DE4432128A1 (de) * | 1994-09-09 | 1996-06-05 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Ankerelements für einen Erd- oder Felsanker, Felsbolzen oder dergleichen aus einer Litze aus verdrillten Stahldrähten |
DE4432128C2 (de) * | 1994-09-09 | 2001-09-06 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Ankerelements für einen Erd- oder Felsanker, Felsbolzen oder dergleichen aus einer Litze aus verdrillten Stahldrähten |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0163479A3 (en) | 1987-01-14 |
EP0163479A2 (de) | 1985-12-04 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4790129A (en) | Ground control | |
EP0163479B1 (de) | Gebirgskontrolle | |
US5749681A (en) | High tensile strand, anchorages and methods of installation thereof | |
AU670888B2 (en) | Ribbed flexible member for casting into an anchorage medium | |
AU696791B2 (en) | Mine roof support system | |
CA1261558A (en) | Ground control | |
CA2089038C (en) | Method of manufacturing an anchor element from a strand of twisted steel wire | |
WO1993015279A1 (en) | Cable bolt | |
AU746675B2 (en) | A rock bolt | |
WO2020078990A2 (de) | Befestigungs- und/oder verbindungsvorrichtung | |
WO2008128301A1 (en) | Reinforcing of formations | |
EP0134140B1 (de) | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Herstellung von Drahtseilen | |
US5560740A (en) | Cable attachment device to spin single cables into resinous anchors in boreholes in geologic formation | |
EP1434929A1 (de) | Nachgiebiger gebirgsanker | |
AU604948B2 (en) | Rock bolt | |
US4655033A (en) | Method and equipment for making stranded ropes | |
US4497372A (en) | Anti-twist control system for deviated conductor driving systems | |
AU683811B1 (en) | Combination cable spreader and cable driver | |
US4570717A (en) | Anti-twist control system for deviated conductor driving systems | |
JP3049639B2 (ja) | 既設コンクリート柱状体の耐力増強方法 | |
WO1981000746A1 (en) | Hose and method of manufacture thereof | |
AU2003200816B2 (en) | Reinforcing member | |
CN112388820A (zh) | 一种预应力整束穿束台车 | |
JP2873805B2 (ja) | コンクリート製柱状体の曲げ耐力増強方法 | |
JPH0330645B2 (de) |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT CH DE FR GB IT LI LU SE |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): AT CH DE FR GB IT LI LU SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19870712 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19880620 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: HELIX CABLES INTERNATIONAL PTY. LTD. |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT CH DE FR GB IT LI LU SE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Effective date: 19900829 Ref country code: CH Effective date: 19900829 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 56074 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19900915 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3579368 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19901004 |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: FUMERO BREVETTI S.N.C. |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19910531 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19930413 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 19930420 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19930422 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 19930426 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
ITTA | It: last paid annual fee | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Effective date: 19940521 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Effective date: 19940522 |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed |
Ref document number: 85303580.6 Effective date: 19941210 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Effective date: 19950131 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19950201 |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed |
Ref document number: 85303580.6 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19950419 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19960521 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19960521 |