EP0149376A2 - Aluminium alloy with improved characteristics - Google Patents

Aluminium alloy with improved characteristics Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0149376A2
EP0149376A2 EP84402410A EP84402410A EP0149376A2 EP 0149376 A2 EP0149376 A2 EP 0149376A2 EP 84402410 A EP84402410 A EP 84402410A EP 84402410 A EP84402410 A EP 84402410A EP 0149376 A2 EP0149376 A2 EP 0149376A2
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Prior art keywords
alloy
aluminum
alloys
alloy according
aluminum alloy
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0149376A3 (en
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Roger Huet
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FONDERIE ALCOA-MG SA
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FONDERIE ALCOA-MG SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an aluminum-based alloy having simultaneously improved mechanical properties and excellent qualities of weldability and ease of implementation. It also relates to the application of this aluminum alloy to the production of parts by molding as well as to the molded parts which are formed therefrom.
  • a number of aluminum-based alloys containing various other metals, such as Si, Mg, etc., are already known, each of these metals having a defined influence on the alloy obtained.
  • silicon in aluminum-based alloys causes an increase in the mechanical properties of these alloys and facilitates their use.
  • an alloy with the reference A-357 manufactured by the American Aluminum Company of America is particularly known, which is represented in metallurgy by the formula: Al-Si7Mg O, 6 which has good mechanical properties and in particular has only a slight tendency to crack, that is to say to form intercrystalline shrinkages after the volume contraction which takes place during the solidification of the alloy.
  • This alloy however has mechanical properties which, although good, remain limited to a threshold which it is desired to exceed.
  • the subject of the present invention is an alloy based on aluminum, silicon and magnesium containing on the one hand: And on the other hand the remainder consisting of aluminum and impurities whose content is much less than 1%.
  • the above-mentioned alloy contains 1.2 to 1.4% of copper.
  • a preferred alloy according to the invention contains: and is represented in metallurgy by the following formula: Al-Si7Cu1,3Mg0,6
  • the impurities are kept at the lowest industrial level possible, that is to say that the iron is at most present at 0.10% and the phosphorus concentration remains below 5 ppm.
  • the other impurities, Mn and Zn are kept below 0.10%.
  • the Ti content is between 0.10 and 0.30%, to achieve sufficient refining allowing good mechanical properties to be obtained after solidification and appropriate heat treatment.
  • the quality index is 506 MPa, while for an aluminum alloy with the same Si and Mg content and containing 1.0 to 1.6% copper, this quality index is greater than 560 and can reach 568 MPa.
  • the quality index is thus 10% higher when the aforementioned alloy contains from 1.0 to 1.6% of copper; this is completely unexpected and completely surprising.
  • the alloy according to the invention and more particularly the aforementioned preferred alloy have improved casting properties which make them particularly useful for the manufacture of parts by foundry techniques, and also of weldability which make advantageous the subsequent assembly of these parts, which have much better metallurgical characteristics than those already observed for the best alloys used until now in the aeronautical industry.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention a pour object un nouvel alliage d'aluminium. Cet alliage contient: Si, 6,5 à 7.5%; Mg, 0,20 à 0,70%; Cu, 1,0 à 1,6% le reste étant constitué d'aluminium et d'impurtés dont la teneur est inférieure à 1,0%. Elle se rapporte à un alliage d'aluminium à propriétés ameliorées.The present invention relates to a new aluminum alloy. This alloy contains: Si, 6.5 to 7.5%; Mg, 0.20 to 0.70%; Cu, 1.0 to 1.6%, the remainder consisting of aluminum and impurities with a content of less than 1.0%. It relates to an aluminum alloy with improved properties.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un alliage à base d'aluminium présentant simultanément des propriétés mécaniques améliorées et d'excellentes qualités de soudabilité et de facilité de mise en oeuvre. Elle se rapporte également à l'application de cet alliage d'aluminium à la production de pièces par moulage ainsi qu'aux pièces moulées qui en sont formées.The present invention relates to an aluminum-based alloy having simultaneously improved mechanical properties and excellent qualities of weldability and ease of implementation. It also relates to the application of this aluminum alloy to the production of parts by molding as well as to the molded parts which are formed therefrom.

On connaît déjà un certain nombre d'alliages à base d'aluminium contenant divers autres métaux, tels que Si, Mg, etc., chacun de ces métaux ayant une influence définie sur l'alliage obtenu. Ainsi, on sait que la présence de silicium dans les alliages à base d'aluminium provoque une augmentation des propriétés mécaniques de ces alliages et facilite leur mise en oeuvre.A number of aluminum-based alloys containing various other metals, such as Si, Mg, etc., are already known, each of these metals having a defined influence on the alloy obtained. Thus, it is known that the presence of silicon in aluminum-based alloys causes an increase in the mechanical properties of these alloys and facilitates their use.

On sait également que la présence de magnésium dans les alliages à base d'aluminium et contenant du Si, Cu ou Zn permet à ces alliages d'être soumis à des traitements thermiques qui permettent l'amélioration de leurs performances.It is also known that the presence of magnesium in aluminum-based alloys containing Si, Cu or Zn allows these alloys to be subjected to heat treatments which allow their performance to be improved.

Ainsi est notamment connu un alliage ayant la référence A-357 fabriqué par la Société américaine Aluminium Company of America, qui est représenté en métallurgie par la formule:
Al-Si7Mg O,6
qui présente de bonnes propriétés mécaniques et notamment n'a qu'une faible tendance à la fissuration, c'est-à-dire à former des retraits intercristal- lins après la contraction volumique qui a lieu lors de la solidification de l'alliage. Cet alliage présente cependant des propriétés mécaniques qui quoi que bonnes restent limitées à un seuil que l'on souhaite dépasser.Thus, an alloy with the reference A-357 manufactured by the American Aluminum Company of America is particularly known, which is represented in metallurgy by the formula:
Al-Si7Mg O, 6
which has good mechanical properties and in particular has only a slight tendency to crack, that is to say to form intercrystalline shrinkages after the volume contraction which takes place during the solidification of the alloy. This alloy however has mechanical properties which, although good, remain limited to a threshold which it is desired to exceed.

La présente invention a pour objet un alliage à base d'aluminium, de silicium et de magnésium contenant d'une part:

Figure imgb0001
et d'autre part
Figure imgb0002
le complément étant constitué d'aluminium et d'impuretés dont la teneur est nettement inférieure à 1%.The subject of the present invention is an alloy based on aluminum, silicon and magnesium containing on the one hand:
Figure imgb0001
 And on the other hand
Figure imgb0002
 the remainder consisting of aluminum and impurities whose content is much less than 1%.

Il est surprenant que le cuivre dont on connaît l'influence positive sur l'augmentation des propriétés mécaniques des alliages à base d'aluminium mais dont on sait également que cette augmentation se fait au détriment des propriétés de mise en oeuvre et de soudabilité des alliages obtenus, lorsqu'il est ajouté en proportions définies à un alliage à base d'aluminium contenant silicium et magnésium puisse conduire à une pratique conservation des propriétés de soudabilité et de facilité de mise en oeuvre. C'est cette constation surprenante et inattendue qui est à la base de la présente invention. Il n'était en outre pas évident que l'addition de cuivre à des compositions connues permettrait simultanément

  • . déviter la tendance à la fissuration de l'alliage obtenu; on sait que l'addition de cuivre à ce type d'alliage augmente les risques de retraits lors de la solidification puis du refroidissement de l'alliage;
  • . de ne pas affecter les propriétés de l'alliage ainsi que sa résistance à la corrosion intercristalline normale ou sous tensions mécaniques.
It is surprising that copper, which is known to have a positive influence on the increase in the mechanical properties of aluminum-based alloys, but which it is also known that this increase occurs at the expense of the processing and weldability properties of the alloys obtained, when added in defined proportions to an aluminum-based alloy containing silicon and magnesium can lead to a practical conservation of the weldability properties and ease of implementation. It is this surprising and unexpected observation which is the basis of the present invention. It was also not obvious that the addition of copper to known compositions would simultaneously allow
  • . avoid the tendency to crack of the alloy obtained; we know that the addition of copper to this type of alloy increases the risk of shrinkage during solidification and then cooling of the alloy;
  • . not to affect the properties of the alloy as well as its resistance to normal intercrystalline corrosion or under mechanical stresses.

Selon une forme d'exécution de l'invention, l'alliage précité contient 1,2 à 1,4% de cuivre.According to one embodiment of the invention, the above-mentioned alloy contains 1.2 to 1.4% of copper.

Un alliage préféré selon l'invention contient:

Figure imgb0003
et est représenté en métallurgie par la formule suivante:
Al-Si7Cu1,3Mg0,6
Les impuretés sont maintenues au niveau industriel le plus bas possible, c'est-à-dire que le fer est au plus présent à 0,10% et la concentration du phosphore reste en-dessous de 5 ppm.A preferred alloy according to the invention contains:
Figure imgb0003
 and is represented in metallurgy by the following formula:
Al-Si7Cu1,3Mg0,6
The impurities are kept at the lowest industrial level possible, that is to say that the iron is at most present at 0.10% and the phosphorus concentration remains below 5 ppm.

Les autres impuretés, Mn et Zn sont maintenues en-dessous de 0,10%.The other impurities, Mn and Zn are kept below 0.10%.

Par ailleurs, la teneur en Ti est comprise entre 0,10 et 0,30%, pour réaliser un affinage suffisant permettant l'obtention de bonnes propriétés mécaniques après solidification et traitement thermique approprié.Furthermore, the Ti content is between 0.10 and 0.30%, to achieve sufficient refining allowing good mechanical properties to be obtained after solidification and appropriate heat treatment.

Le tableau ci-après donne les limites des teneurs des constituants de l'alliage selon l'invention ainsi que la teneur en ces constituants d'un alliage conforme à l'invention préféré.

Figure imgb0004
The table below gives the limits of the contents of the constituents of the alloy according to the invention as well as the content of these constituents of an alloy according to the preferred invention.
Figure imgb0004

D'autres buts et avantages de l'invention apparaitront à la lecture de la description suivante et de la figure jointe donnée à titre illustratif et nullement limitatif.Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description and the attached figure given by way of illustration and in no way limitative.

La figure 1 représente l'indice de qualité d'un échantillon de l'alliage d'aluminium conforme à l'invention en fonction de la teneur de cuivre, cet alliage d'aluminium, outre les impuretés, contenant:

Figure imgb0005
L'indice de qualité est calculé à l'aide de la formule suivante:
Figure imgb0006
avec:

  • R = résistance à la rupture,
  • A = allongement pour 100 unités delongueur
  • Rr et Q étant exprimés en MPa.
  • On constate sur la courbe jointe que pour l'alliage
Figure imgb0007
 FIG. 1 represents the quality index of a sample of the aluminum alloy in accordance with the invention as a function of the copper content, this aluminum alloy, in addition to the impurities, containing:
Figure imgb0005
 The quality index is calculated using the following formula:
Figure imgb0006
 with:
  • R = breaking strength,
  • A = elongation for 100 units of length
  • R r and Q being expressed in MPa.
  • We see on the attached curve that for the alloy
Figure imgb0007

l'indice de qualité est de 506 MPa, alors que pour un alliage d'aluminium de même teneur en Si et Mg et contenant 1,0 à 1,6% en cuivre, cet indice de qualité est supérieur à 560 et peut atteindre 568 MPa.the quality index is 506 MPa, while for an aluminum alloy with the same Si and Mg content and containing 1.0 to 1.6% copper, this quality index is greater than 560 and can reach 568 MPa.

L'indice de qualité est ainsi de 10% plus élevé lorsque l'alliage précité contient de 1,0 à 1,6% de cuivre; ceci est parfaitement inattendu et totalement surprenant.The quality index is thus 10% higher when the aforementioned alloy contains from 1.0 to 1.6% of copper; this is completely unexpected and completely surprising.

Il faut remarquer que pour un alliage ayant la teneur préférée mentionnée dans le tableau ci-dessus, donc de type

Figure imgb0008
cet indice de qualité est proche du maximum.It should be noted that for an alloy having the preferred content mentioned in the table above, therefore of the type
Figure imgb0008
 this quality index is close to the maximum.

Pour cet indice de qualité, qui est situé entre 500 et 600 MPa, pour les alliages ayant la composition des alliages utilisés pour l'obtention des résultats consignés sur la figure, on obtient des charges de rupture supérieures à 400 MPa, et des allongements compris entre 5 et 10% en fonction de la loi de refroidissement. Un revenu opéré entre 150 et 155°C pendant 8 heures permet d'obtenir des allongements d'environ 10%; tandis qu'un revenu à 170°C pendant la même durée, conduit à une réduction des allongements mais permet une charge de rupture supérieure à 400 MPa.For this quality index, which is situated between 500 and 600 MPa, for the alloys having the composition of the alloys used for obtaining the results recorded in the figure, one obtains breaking loads higher than 400 MPa, and elongations included between 5 and 10% depending on the cooling law. An income operated between 150 and 155 ° C for 8 hours makes it possible to obtain elongations of approximately 10%; while an income at 170 ° C for the same period, leads to a reduction in elongations but allows a breaking load greater than 400 MPa.

L'alliage selon l'invention et tout particulièrement l'alliage préféré précité présentent des propriétés de coulée améliorées qui les rendent tout particulièrement utiles pour la fabrication de pièces par les techniques de fonderie, et également de soudabilité qui rendent avantageux l'assemblage ultérieur de ces pièces, qui présentent des caractéristiques métallurgiques bien meilleures que celles déjà observées pour les meilleurs alliages utilisés jusqu'à présent dans l'industrie aéronautique.The alloy according to the invention and more particularly the aforementioned preferred alloy have improved casting properties which make them particularly useful for the manufacture of parts by foundry techniques, and also of weldability which make advantageous the subsequent assembly of these parts, which have much better metallurgical characteristics than those already observed for the best alloys used until now in the aeronautical industry.

Ces caractéristiques exceptionnelles peuvent conduire à la fabrication de pièces pour l'industrie automobile ou l'industrie aéronautique, pouvant être, par exemple, coulées dans des moules très froids et n'ayant pas besoin de subir de traitement de vieillissement pour présenter, cependant, des propriétés métallurgiques de loin supérieures à celles des alliages usuels existants.These exceptional characteristics can lead to the manufacture of parts for the automobile industry or the aeronautical industry, which can be, for example, cast in very cold molds and which do not need to undergo aging treatment to present, however, metallurgical properties far superior to those of existing conventional alloys.

Dans le tableau ci-dessous sont donnés, à titre de comparaison, les propriétés mécaniques et indices de qualité de deux alliages obtenus par coulée dans des conditions opératoires identiques impliquant un traitement thermique selon la norme américaine T6, à savoir:

  • - un alliage A 357 de formule AL-Si7MgO,6,
  • - un alliage selon l'invention de formule Al-Si7Cu1,3Mg0,6.
In the table below are given, for comparison, the mechanical properties and quality indices of two alloys obtained by casting under identical operating conditions implying a heat treatment according to the American standard T6, namely:
  • - an alloy A 357 of formula AL-Si7MgO, 6,
  • - An alloy according to the invention of formula Al-Si7Cu1,3Mg0,6.

Ces mesures ont été effectuées sur des éprouvettes de caractérisation de coulée selon la méthode décrite dans la norme française AIR 3380 C.

Figure imgb0009
These measurements were carried out on casting characterization test pieces according to the method described in the French standard AIR 3380 C.
Figure imgb0009

Dans le tableau ci-dessus, les differents symboles ont les significations suivantes:

  • R = charge à la rupture,
  • R 0,2 = limite élastique à 0,2% (donnée par le calculateur et estimée par la formule
    Figure imgb0010
  • A = allongement en %,
  • HB = dureté Brinell,
  • Q = indice de qualité déterminé par l'expression
Figure imgb0011
 In the table above, the different symbols have the following meanings:
  • R = breaking load,
  • R 0.2 = 0.2% elastic limit (given by the computer and estimated by the formula
    Figure imgb0010
  • A = elongation in%,
  • HB = Brinell hardness,
  • Q = quality index determined by the expression
Figure imgb0011

Claims (6)

1.- A titre de produit industriel nouveau, un alliage d'aluminium contenant:
Figure imgb0012
le reste étant constitué d'aluminium et d'impuretés dont la teneur est inférieure à 1,0%.1.- As a new industrial product, an aluminum alloy containing:
Figure imgb0012
 the remainder consisting of aluminum and impurities whose content is less than 1.0%. 2.- Alliage d'aluminium selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la teneur en cuivre est comprise entre 1,2 et 1,4%.2. An aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that the copper content is between 1.2 and 1.4%. 3.- Alliage d'aluminium selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce au'il contient:
Figure imgb0013
 3.- Aluminum alloy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains:
Figure imgb0013
 4.- Alliage selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les impuretés consistent en:
Figure imgb0014
 4.- Alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the impurities consist of:
Figure imgb0014
 ) 5.- Application à la production de pièces par moulage des alliages selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4.) 5.- Application to the production of parts by molding alloys according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 6.- Pièces obtenues par les techniques de moulage formées de l'alliage selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4.6. Parts obtained by molding techniques formed from the alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
EP84402410A 1983-12-22 1984-11-26 Aluminium alloy with improved characteristics Withdrawn EP0149376A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8320553 1983-12-22
FR8320553A FR2557144A1 (en) 1983-12-22 1983-12-22 ALUMINUM ALLOY HAVING IMPROVED PROPERTIES

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EP0149376A2 true EP0149376A2 (en) 1985-07-24
EP0149376A3 EP0149376A3 (en) 1985-08-14

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FR (1) FR2557144A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997035040A1 (en) * 1996-03-20 1997-09-25 Aluminium Pechiney Thixotropic aluminium-silicon-copper alloy suitable for semi-solid shaping

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5243877A (en) * 1992-03-30 1993-09-14 Ryusaku Numata Steering wheel rim
KR20010058922A (en) * 1999-12-30 2001-07-06 이계안 Aluminum alloy for diesel engine
KR100426675B1 (en) * 2001-08-31 2004-04-13 동양다이캐스팅 주식회사 Aluminium alloy for casting
DE102004053746A1 (en) * 2004-11-06 2006-05-11 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Aluminum casting alloy, useful for sand or chill casting, e.g. of automobile engine components, based on aluminum, silicon and magnesium and containing added silver to increase yield point
CN107058819A (en) * 2017-06-22 2017-08-18 安徽银力铸造有限公司 A kind of Modification Manners of Casting Al-Si magnesium automotive hub alloy

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU82219A1 (en) *
US1848816A (en) * 1932-03-08 Robert s
GB595214A (en) * 1945-05-07 1947-11-28 Ernest Irving Brimelow Improvements in aluminium alloys
US3314829A (en) * 1964-01-13 1967-04-18 Aluminium Lab Ltd High strength pressure die casting alloy
FR2233408A1 (en) * 1973-06-18 1975-01-10 Ckd Praha
SU502968A1 (en) * 1974-07-01 1976-02-15 Белорусский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Политехнический Институт Aluminum based alloy

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU82219A1 (en) *
US1848816A (en) * 1932-03-08 Robert s
GB595214A (en) * 1945-05-07 1947-11-28 Ernest Irving Brimelow Improvements in aluminium alloys
US3314829A (en) * 1964-01-13 1967-04-18 Aluminium Lab Ltd High strength pressure die casting alloy
FR2233408A1 (en) * 1973-06-18 1975-01-10 Ckd Praha
SU502968A1 (en) * 1974-07-01 1976-02-15 Белорусский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Политехнический Институт Aluminum based alloy

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
REVUE DE L'ALUMINIUM, vol. 41, mai 1964, page 592;& SU - A - 82 219 (05-08-1949) *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997035040A1 (en) * 1996-03-20 1997-09-25 Aluminium Pechiney Thixotropic aluminium-silicon-copper alloy suitable for semi-solid shaping
FR2746414A1 (en) * 1996-03-20 1997-09-26 Pechiney Aluminium THIXOTROPE ALUMINUM-SILICON-COPPER ALLOY FOR SHAPING IN SEMI-SOLID CONDITION

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JPS60152648A (en) 1985-08-10
EP0149376A3 (en) 1985-08-14
US4714588A (en) 1987-12-22
FR2557144A1 (en) 1985-06-28

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