EP0146469A2 - Three-dimensional concrete supporting structure and method for making said structure - Google Patents

Three-dimensional concrete supporting structure and method for making said structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0146469A2
EP0146469A2 EP84402551A EP84402551A EP0146469A2 EP 0146469 A2 EP0146469 A2 EP 0146469A2 EP 84402551 A EP84402551 A EP 84402551A EP 84402551 A EP84402551 A EP 84402551A EP 0146469 A2 EP0146469 A2 EP 0146469A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arms
trellis
lattice
bars
arm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84402551A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0146469B1 (en
EP0146469A3 (en
Inventor
Pierre Richard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bouygues SA
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Bouygues SA
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Publication date
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Priority to AT84402551T priority Critical patent/ATE25863T1/en
Publication of EP0146469A2 publication Critical patent/EP0146469A2/en
Publication of EP0146469A3 publication Critical patent/EP0146469A3/en
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Publication of EP0146469B1 publication Critical patent/EP0146469B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B1/1903—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/1906—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor with central spherical, semispherical or polyhedral connecting element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B1/1903—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1921—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor with connecting nodes having radial connecting stubs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1927—Struts specially adapted therefor of essentially circular cross section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1933—Struts specially adapted therefor of polygonal, e.g. square, cross section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
    • E04B2001/1984—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework rectangular, e.g. square, grid
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
    • E04B2001/1987—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework triangular grid
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/199—Details of roofs, floors or walls supported by the framework
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
    • E04B2001/3583—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block using permanent tensioning means, e.g. cables or rods, to assemble or rigidify structures (not pre- or poststressing concrete), e.g. by tying them around the structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S52/00—Static structures, e.g. buildings
    • Y10S52/10—Polyhedron
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/34—Branched
    • Y10T403/341—Three or more radiating members
    • Y10T403/342—Polyhedral
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/44—Three or more members connected at single locus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/47—Molded joint

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to concrete constructions.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a concrete construction capable of constituting a ballastable base for an offshore platform.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a concrete construction capable of constituting a three-dimensional supporting trellis.
  • Ballastable concrete bases of offshore platforms consist of solid concrete walls. These bases can be suitable for platforms intended for cold seas because they have sufficient strength to withstand the pressure of the ice which can be very high but it has the drawback of having a very high weight. We tried to reduce this weight by using light concrete but this solution is very expensive and does not give any satisfaction.
  • the present invention aims to provide a base which can be made of normal concrete, which offers maximum resistance and which, however, is of reasonable weight.
  • the base of the present invention essentially consists of a volume formed by a rigid three-dimensional lattice of concrete bars assembled into concrete nodes, certain nodes being connected to each other by clamping cables which pass outside the bars and which optionally pass through intermediate nodes, these cables performing a three-dimensional prestressing of the entire trellis, the base comprising means for making the sides and the bottom of the trellis waterproof.
  • the trellis consists of an assembly of prefabricated blocks by molding, each block comprising a core and a plurality of arms which radiate from the core each arm having at least one longitudinal housing opening at the end free of the arm, the arms being assembled two by two in alignment to constitute the lattice bars, the housings of the assembled arms being aligned and containing a common metal frame, the junction zone of the assembled arms being surrounded by a sealing sleeve, said housings being filled with hardened mortar, and said trellis being clamped by prestressing cables which pass outside the bars of the trellis and which are fixed to nodes of the trellis.
  • the platform base shown in Figures 1 and 2 is a hexagonal base whose edge is 72 m.
  • This base consists of a trellis which is provided with a sealed front and which has a sealed bottom.
  • the trellis consists of concrete bars assembled in nodes and the lateral facade of this trellis constitutes inclined planes on which the facade of the base rests.
  • the trellis it is convenient to constitute the trellis by an assembly of regular tetrahedra, the nodes constituting the vertices of the tetrahedra and the bars being arranged according to the edges of the tetrahedra.
  • the lattice bars form squares in planes inclined at 50-60 °, form equilateral triangles in planes inclined at 65-75 ° and form equilateral triangles in horizontal planes.
  • the sides of the trellis alternately comprise planes where the bars of the trellis form equilateral or isosceles triangles and planes where the bars of the trellis form squares or rectangles.
  • the section plane of Figure 1 is a vertical plane and the view represents one half of the section plane.
  • Figure 2 there are shown horizontal section planes.
  • Figure 2 is divided into six portions which each represent a fraction of horizontal section at a certain level.
  • marks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 represent cutting planes at levels o m, 5 m, 10 m, 15 m, 20 m, 25 m approximately.
  • the lower plane of the trellis which is made up of a mosaic of equilateral triangles A, B, C whose sides are formed by bars of the trellis and whose vertices are formed by lattice nodes.
  • section plane in FIG. 1 is a plane along the line AA in FIG. 2.
  • the trellis is made by any suitable technique and the following technique is preferably used.
  • blocks comprising a central core and arms which radiate from the core are molded by injection molding in a closed mold.
  • the core is intended to constitute a knot of the trellis and each arm is intended to constitute a part of a bar of the trellis.
  • part of the lower level of the trellis then, in gradient, part of the level placed above, and so on to the upper level, the machines necessary for the installation of the blocks being able to roll on the ground from where the we do the editing.
  • the invention makes it possible to carry out a large part of the work outside the dry dock, since only the assembly of the blocks is carried out in dry dock.
  • the two arms are provided, at prefabrication, with two housings which will open one opposite the other when the arms are placed end to end, these two housings being each provided with a passage making it possible to introduce mortar into the housings and, simultaneously, to empty the air from the housings.
  • a common frame is placed in the two housings, the junction of the two arms is surrounded by a sleeve and mortar is introduced into the two housings until it sets.
  • the sleeve provides lateral sealing .
  • a sleeve made of heat-shrinkable material is used.
  • the mortar which fills the housings can constitute between the opposite faces of the two arms a more or less thick joint acting as a jack between the two arms.
  • This more or less thick joint J makes it possible to position the two prefabricated blocks on demand one with respect to the other and it is the same step by step for all the blocks. We can easily adjust the positions of the nodes, which is a very important advantage of the technique of the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a diagram explaining the technique of assembling two arms, as described above.
  • the arms are marked 14.14 ', the corresponding cores 15.15', the corresponding housings 16.16 ', the passages of the housings 17.17', the sleeve 18 and the armature 19.
  • the arms are bars whose cross section is part of a circle with a diameter of 20 to 100 cm and. which are 2 to 10 meters long. Preference is given to bars of circular section whose diameter is in the range 30-80 cm and preferably used for the assembly of the arms, a mortar having a high compressive strength, of the order of 600 to 1,000 bars.
  • each arm constitutes a half bar.
  • the entire trellis is clamped by cables which carry out a three-dimensional prestress. These cables are fixed at their ends to nodes of the trellis.
  • a cable alternately and repeatedly meets a trellis bar which it crosses substantially in the middle and orthogonally, and a node of the trellis which it crosses.
  • Figure 3 of the accompanying drawing shows, by way of example only, a block consisting of a core 1 from which radiate 12 arms (2-13) which each constitute a half-bar of the trellis.
  • the blocks located on the end planes of the trellis that is to say the planes which constitute the bottom, the sides and the top of the trellis, have a lower number of arms, as it is understood.
  • the bottom and sides of the base are sealed.
  • the watertight bottom is preferably made up of a mosaic of pyramids, which allows it to sink into the underlying soil on demand at the final location of the platform.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective showing an element of the pyramid in one of the lattice tetrahedra.
  • the pyramid and the tetrahedron have a common base DEF but the vertex G of the tetrahedron is above the vertex H of the pyramid.
  • the two halves are then assembled by any suitable method and, for example, by a technique analogous to that which allows the assembly of two arms to form a bar.
  • the pyramids at the bottom of the base are mounted at the same time as the nodes of the lower level of the trellis are mounted.
  • the facade of the base is preferably an embossed concrete facade.
  • this facade ( Figure 6), it is convenient to prefab concrete dihedrons made up of two planes P1 P2 and to join these planes with the bars of the surface of the lattice against which the facade is applied. It is therefore advantageous that in this surface the bars of the trellis constitute rectangles which extend in the height of the surface of the trellis and the walls P1, P2 are tightly joined with the bars b located along the long sides of the rectangle. and so step by step.
  • FIGS 7 to 10 show alternative embodiments according to the invention.
  • the molded block consists of a spherical central core 15 from which radiate cylindrical arms 14. A part of a lattice made up of these blocks is shown to the right of the block and we see on this lattice sleeves 18 which are mounted on the lattice bars.
  • part of a trellis is shown.
  • the bars of the trellis which are in the planes underlying the facade are arranged along the sides of squares Q and along the sides of squares Q and along the sides of triangles T which, possibly, draw trapezoids.
  • part of a trellis is also shown.
  • the bars of the trellis which found in the plans underlying the facade are arranged along the sides of squares Q and along the sides of triangles T which possibly draw trapezoids.
  • FIG. 9 part of the side facade is also shown.
  • this side facade is made up of facade portions. In fact, each facade portion is integral with one of the lattice tetrahedra and the various facade portions are joined together gradually by mortar or added concrete.
  • FIG. 10 is a simplified view schematically showing two prestressing cables 20,21.
  • the prestressing cable 20 is straight and its ends are fixed to two nodes 22, 23 of the trellis.
  • the cable crosses several bars of the trellis such as bars 24,25 but remains outside the bars.
  • the prestressing cable 21 is also attached at its two ends to nodes 26,27 of the trellis, but this cable is not straight and it is deflected by nodes of the trellis such as nodes 28,29.
  • the node 28 is provided with a groove 30 and the node 29 is provided with an internal passage 31 for deflecting the cable 21. Only part of the arms of these nodes is shown in the drawing.
  • the invention is not limited to a specific geometrical arrangement of the bars but, preferably, the bars of the lateral faces of the trellis are arranged along the sides of equilateral or isosceles triangles and / or along the sides of rectangles or squares.
  • the side faces are planes inclined relative to the vertical but, in other embodiments, they are vertical.
  • the sides and bottom of the trellis are sealed by any suitable means.
  • the seal is obtained by a plurality of concrete walls which are fixed in a sealed manner or which are in one piece with the bars of the lattice which are located in the lateral faces and in the bottom face of the lattice.
  • the walls which seal one side of the trellis are arranged in a pleated arrangement, which reduces the effects of the temperature difference between the part of this side which is in the water and the part of this side which is in the water. - above the water.
  • Such a temperature difference, which in cold seas can be 50 ° C or more, could cause destructive stresses if the side walls were flat.
  • the term "pleated” should be understood as a global term which includes all configurations and all dimensions of pleats.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to the production of structures at sea, including to form reservoirs.

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Abstract

A concrete structure including a rigid three-dimensional lattice of concrete bars which are interconnected at nodes. The lattice is constituted by an assembly of prefabricated cast blocks, in which each block comprises a node and a plurality of arms (14) radiating from the node. Each arm has at least one longitudinal socket with an opening in the free end of the arm, and the arms of two blocks are assembled in aligned end-to end pairs to constitute the bars of the lattice. The sockets of assembled arms are in alignment and contain a common metal reinforcing member, and the junction zone of the arms is surrounded by a clamping sleeve, with the sockets being filled with hardened mortar. The lattice is prestressed by prestress cavles passing outside the bars of the lattice and fixed to some nodes of the lattice.

Description

La présente invention concerne des constructions en béton.The present invention relates to concrete constructions.

Un but de l'invention est de fournir une construction en béton apte à constituer une embase ballastable pour une plate-forme en mer.An object of the invention is to provide a concrete construction capable of constituting a ballastable base for an offshore platform.

Un autre but de l'invention est de fournir une construction en béton apte à constituer un treillis porteur tridimensionnel.Another object of the invention is to provide a concrete construction capable of constituting a three-dimensional supporting trellis.

On connaît des embases en béton ballastables de plates-formes en mer constituées par des parois pleines en béton. Ces embases peuvent convenir pour des plates-formes destinées à des mers froides car elles ont une résistance suffisante pour résister à la pression des glaces qui peut être très importante mais elle présente l'inconvénient d'avoir un poids très élevé. On a cherché à réduire ce poids en utilisant des bétons légers mais cette solution est très coûteuse et ne donne pas toute satisfaction.Ballastable concrete bases of offshore platforms are known which consist of solid concrete walls. These bases can be suitable for platforms intended for cold seas because they have sufficient strength to withstand the pressure of the ice which can be very high but it has the drawback of having a very high weight. We tried to reduce this weight by using light concrete but this solution is very expensive and does not give any satisfaction.

La présente invention vise à fournir une embase qui puisse être en béton normal, qui offre une résistance maximale et qui cependant soit d'un poids raisonnable.The present invention aims to provide a base which can be made of normal concrete, which offers maximum resistance and which, however, is of reasonable weight.

L'embase de la présente invention est essentiellement constituée par un volume formé par un treillis tridimensionnel rigide en barres de béton assemblées en des noeuds en béton, certains noeuds étant reliés entre eux par des câbles de serrage qui passent à l'extérieur des barres et qui traversent éventuellement des noeuds intermédiaires, ces câbles réalisant une précontrainte tridimensionnelle de l'ensemble du treillis, l'embase comprenant des moyens pour rendre étanches à l'eau les côtés et le fond du treillis.The base of the present invention essentially consists of a volume formed by a rigid three-dimensional lattice of concrete bars assembled into concrete nodes, certain nodes being connected to each other by clamping cables which pass outside the bars and which optionally pass through intermediate nodes, these cables performing a three-dimensional prestressing of the entire trellis, the base comprising means for making the sides and the bottom of the trellis waterproof.

On connaît le concept d'un treillis tridimensionnel en béton mais on n'a pas, jusqu'à présent, utilisé un tel treillis pour l'application spécifique envisagée ci-dessus en combinaison avec des câbles de précontrainte de l'ensemble du treillis et en combinaison avec des côtés et un fond étanches.We know the concept of a three-dimensional concrete lattice but we have not, until now, used such a lattice for the specific application envisaged above in combination with prestressing cables of the entire lattice and in combination with waterproof sides and bottom.

D'autre part, on ne connaît pas, jusqu'à présent, une technique industrielle permettant de réaliser un treillis en béton dans des conditions acceptables et un but de l'invention est également de fournir une telle technique et de l'appliquer aussi bien à la réalisation d'une embase de plate-forme qu'à tout autre réalisation.On the other hand, we do not know, until now, an industrial technique making it possible to produce a concrete trellis under acceptable conditions and an object of the invention is also to provide such a technique and to apply it as well to the realization of a platform base than to any other realization.

Selon l'invention, le treillis est constitué d'un assemblage de blocs préfabriqués par moulage, chaque bloc comportant un noyau et une pluralité de bras qui rayonnent à partir du noyau chaque bras présentant au moins un logement longitudinal débouchant à l'extrémité libre du bras, les bras étant assemblés deux à deux en alignement pour constituer les barres du treillis, les logements des bras assemblés étant alignés et contenant une armature métallique commune, la zone de jonction des bras assemblés étant entourée par un manchon d'étanchéité, lesdits logements étant remplis de mortier durci, et ledit treillis étant serré par des câbles de précontrainte qui passent à l'extérieur des barres du treillis et qui sont fixés à des noeuds du treillis.According to the invention, the trellis consists of an assembly of prefabricated blocks by molding, each block comprising a core and a plurality of arms which radiate from the core each arm having at least one longitudinal housing opening at the end free of the arm, the arms being assembled two by two in alignment to constitute the lattice bars, the housings of the assembled arms being aligned and containing a common metal frame, the junction zone of the assembled arms being surrounded by a sealing sleeve, said housings being filled with hardened mortar, and said trellis being clamped by prestressing cables which pass outside the bars of the trellis and which are fixed to nodes of the trellis.

On décrira ci-après des réalisations conformes à la présente invention, en référence aux figures du dessin joint sur lequel :

  • - la figure 1 est une demi-coupe verticale d'une embase de plate-forme conforme à l'invention ;
  • - la figure 2 est un ensemble de plans de coupe horizontaux de l'embase à différents niveaux ;
  • - la figure 3 est un schéma d'un bloc de constitution du treillis de l'embase ;
  • - la figure 4 est un schéma d'assemblage de deux bras pour réaliser une barre du treillis ;
  • - la figure 5 est un schéma d'une pyramide de fond de l'embase,
  • - la figure 6 est un schéma d'une partie de façade latérale de l'embase ;
  • - la figure 7 est une perspective d'une variante de réalisation d'un bloc préfabriqué et d'une partie d'embase constituée au moyen de ces blocs,
  • - la figure 8 représente une autre variante de réalisation d'un bloc préfabriqué conforme à l'invention,
  • - la figure 9 est une perspective d'une partie d'embase selon une variante de réalisation de l'invention sur laquelle on a représenté une partie de façade, et
  • - la figure 10 est un schéma illustrant des câbles de précontrainte de l'embase.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention will be described below, with reference to the figures in the accompanying drawing in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a vertical half-section of a platform base according to the invention;
  • - Figure 2 is a set of horizontal sectional planes of the base at different levels;
  • - Figure 3 is a diagram of a building block of the trellis of the base;
  • - Figure 4 is an assembly diagram of two arms for making a lattice bar;
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram of a bottom pyramid of the base,
  • - Figure 6 is a diagram of a side facade part of the base;
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective of an alternative embodiment of a prefabricated block and of a base part formed by means of these blocks,
  • FIG. 8 represents another alternative embodiment of a prefabricated block according to the invention,
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a base part according to an alternative embodiment of the invention in which a front part has been shown, and
  • - Figure 10 is a diagram illustrating the prestressing cables of the base.

L'embase de plate-forme représentée sur les figures 1 et 2 est une embase hexagonale dont l'arête est de 72 m. Cette embase est constituée d'un treillis qui est muni d'une façade étanche et qui comporte un fond étanche. Selon l'invention, le treillis est constitué de barres en béton assemblées en des noeuds et la façade latérale de ce treillis constitue des plans inclinés sur lesquels s'appuie la façade de l'embase.The platform base shown in Figures 1 and 2 is a hexagonal base whose edge is 72 m. This base consists of a trellis which is provided with a sealed front and which has a sealed bottom. According to the invention, the trellis consists of concrete bars assembled in nodes and the lateral facade of this trellis constitutes inclined planes on which the facade of the base rests.

Il est commode de constituer le treillis par un assemblage de tétraèdres réguliers, les noeuds constituant les sommets des tétraèdres et les barres étant disposées selon les arêtes des tétraèdres.It is convenient to constitute the trellis by an assembly of regular tetrahedra, the nodes constituting the vertices of the tetrahedra and the bars being arranged according to the edges of the tetrahedra.

Dans cet assemblage de tétraèdres, on peut distinguer des plans inclinés où les barres forment une mosaïque de triangles équilatéraux et des plans inclinés où les barres forment une mosaïque de carrés.In this assembly of tetrahedrons, we can distinguish inclined planes where the bars form a mosaic of equilateral triangles and inclined planes where the bars form a mosaic of squares.

On peut aussi distinguer des plans horizontaux où les barres forment une mosaïque de triangles équilatéraux.We can also distinguish horizontal planes where the bars form a mosaic of equilateral triangles.

Dans la réalisation représentée, les barres du treillis forment des carrés dans des plans inclinés à 50-60°, forment des triangles équilatéraux dans des plans inclinés à 65-75° et forment des triangles équilatéraux dans des plans horizontaux.In the embodiment shown, the lattice bars form squares in planes inclined at 50-60 °, form equilateral triangles in planes inclined at 65-75 ° and form equilateral triangles in horizontal planes.

De préférence, les côtés du treillis comprennent alternativement des plans où les barres du treillis forment des triangles équilatéraux ou isocèles et des plans où les barres du treillis forment des carrés ou des rectangles.Preferably, the sides of the trellis alternately comprise planes where the bars of the trellis form equilateral or isosceles triangles and planes where the bars of the trellis form squares or rectangles.

Le plan de coupe de la figure 1 est un plan vertical et la vue représente une moitié du plan de coupe.The section plane of Figure 1 is a vertical plane and the view represents one half of the section plane.

Sur la figure 2, on a représenté des plans de coupe horizontaux. De fait, la figure 2 est divisée en six portions qui représentent chacune une fraction de coupe horizontale à un certain niveau. Par exemple, les repères 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 représentent des plans de coupe aux niveaux o m, 5 m, 10 m, 15 m, 20 m, 25 m environ. Sur la fraction de la figure représentant le plan de coupe au niveau 0, on distingue le plan inférieur du treillis qui est constitué d'une mosalque de triangles équilatéraux A, B, C dont les côtés sont constitués par des barres du treillis et dont les sommets sont constitués par des noeuds du treillis.In Figure 2, there are shown horizontal section planes. In fact, Figure 2 is divided into six portions which each represent a fraction of horizontal section at a certain level. For example, marks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 represent cutting planes at levels o m, 5 m, 10 m, 15 m, 20 m, 25 m approximately. On the fraction of the figure representing the section plane at level 0, there is the lower plane of the trellis which is made up of a mosaic of equilateral triangles A, B, C whose sides are formed by bars of the trellis and whose vertices are formed by lattice nodes.

Sur la fraction de la figure relative à une coupe par un plan horizontal au niveau + 5 m environ, on a représenté,par des hâchures, la partie de la façade latérale qui est située au-dessous du plan de coupe. On a agi de même pour le plan de coupe au niveau + 10 m environ et pour le plan de coupe au niveau + 25 m environ.On the fraction of the figure relating to a section through a horizontal plane at the level + 5 m approximately, there is shown, by hatching, the part of the side facade which is located below the section plane. The same was done for the cutting plane at the level around + 10 m and for the cutting plane at the level around + 25 m.

On notera que le plan de coupe de la figure 1 est un plan suivant la ligne A-A de la figure 2.It will be noted that the section plane in FIG. 1 is a plane along the line AA in FIG. 2.

On réalise le treillis par toute technique appropriée et on utilise de préférence la technique suivante.The trellis is made by any suitable technique and the following technique is preferably used.

Dans cette technique selon l'invention, on moule par moulage par injection dans un moule fermé des blocs comportant un noyau central et des bras qui rayonnent à partir du noyau. Le noyau est destiné à constituer un noeud du treillis et chaque bras est destiné à constituer une partie d'une barre du treillis.In this technique according to the invention, blocks comprising a central core and arms which radiate from the core are molded by injection molding in a closed mold. The core is intended to constitute a knot of the trellis and each arm is intended to constitute a part of a bar of the trellis.

On assemble deux à deux un bras d'un bloc et un bras d'un autre bloc, les deux bras étant disposés bout à bout pour constituer ensemble une barre du treillis. On réalise ainsi de proche en proche le treillis. Dans une réalisation préférée, on réalise d'abord une partie du niveau inférieur du treillis puis, en degradé, une partie du niveau placé au-dessus, et ainsi de suite jusqu'au niveau supérieur, les engins nécessaires pour la mise en place des blocs pouvant rouler sur le sol de l'endroit où l'on fait le montage. On complète ensuite de proche en proche chaque niveau.Assembling two by two an arm of a block and an arm of another block, the two arms being arranged end to end to together constitute a trellis bar. This makes the trellis step by step. In a preferred embodiment, part of the lower level of the trellis then, in gradient, part of the level placed above, and so on to the upper level, the machines necessary for the installation of the blocks being able to roll on the ground from where the we do the editing. We then complete step by step each level.

On remarquera qu'il est possible de préfabriquer tous les blocs en atelier, ce qui est particulièrement avantageux dans le cas d'une plate-forme marine de type ballastable où il est nécessaire, habituellement, de réaliser la fabrication en cale sèche.It will be noted that it is possible to prefabricate all the blocks in the workshop, which is particularly advantageous in the case of a marine platform of the ballastable type where it is usually necessary to carry out the manufacture in dry dock.

L'invention permet d'effectuer une grande partie du travail en dehors de la cale sèche, puisque seul l'assemblage des blocs est réalisé en cale sèche.The invention makes it possible to carry out a large part of the work outside the dry dock, since only the assembly of the blocks is carried out in dry dock.

Pour assembler deux bras, on peut utili&er tout moyen approprié et, de préférence, on munit les deux bras, à la préfabrication, de deux logements qui déboucheront l'un en face de l'autre quand les bras seront disposés bout à bout, ces deux logements étant pourvus chacun d'un passage permettant d'introduire dans les logements du mortier et, simultanément, de vider l'air des logements. Pour le montage, on place dans les deux logements une armature commune, on entoure la jonction des deux bras par un manchon et on introduit du mortier dans les deux logements jusqu'à la prise. Le manchon assure l'étan- chéité latérale. On utilise de préférence un manchon en matériau thermorétractable.To assemble two arms, it is possible to use any suitable means and, preferably, the two arms are provided, at prefabrication, with two housings which will open one opposite the other when the arms are placed end to end, these two housings being each provided with a passage making it possible to introduce mortar into the housings and, simultaneously, to empty the air from the housings. For mounting, a common frame is placed in the two housings, the junction of the two arms is surrounded by a sleeve and mortar is introduced into the two housings until it sets. The sleeve provides lateral sealing . Preferably, a sleeve made of heat-shrinkable material is used.

On notera que le mortier qui remplit les logements peut constituer entre les faces en regard des deux bras un joint plus ou moins épais agissant comme un vérin entre les deux bras. Ce joint J plus ou moins épais permet de positionner à la demande les deux blocs préfabriqués l'un par rapport à l'autre et il en est de même de proche en proche pour tous les blocs. On peut ainsi facilement régler les positions des noeuds, ce qui constitue un avantage très important de la technique de l'invention.It will be noted that the mortar which fills the housings can constitute between the opposite faces of the two arms a more or less thick joint acting as a jack between the two arms. This more or less thick joint J makes it possible to position the two prefabricated blocks on demand one with respect to the other and it is the same step by step for all the blocks. We can easily adjust the positions of the nodes, which is a very important advantage of the technique of the invention.

La figure 4 est un schéma expliquant la technique d'assemblage de deux bras, comme décrit ci-dessus. Sur ce schéma, les bras sont repérés 14,14', les noyaux correspondant 15,15', les logements correspondants 16,16', les passages des logements 17,17', le manchon 18 et l'armature 19.Figure 4 is a diagram explaining the technique of assembling two arms, as described above. In this diagram, the arms are marked 14.14 ', the corresponding cores 15.15', the corresponding housings 16.16 ', the passages of the housings 17.17', the sleeve 18 and the armature 19.

Dans un exemple typique, les bras sont des barreaux dont la section droite s'inscrit dans un cercle de diamètre 20 à 100 cm et . qui ont une longueur de 2 à 10 mètres. On donne la préférence aux barreaux de section circulaire dont le diamètre est compris dans la gamme 30-80 cm et on utilise, de préférence, pour l'assemblage des bras, un mortier ayant une haute résistance à la compression, de l'ordre de 600 à 1 000 bars.In a typical example, the arms are bars whose cross section is part of a circle with a diameter of 20 to 100 cm and. which are 2 to 10 meters long. Preference is given to bars of circular section whose diameter is in the range 30-80 cm and preferably used for the assembly of the arms, a mortar having a high compressive strength, of the order of 600 to 1,000 bars.

De préférence, chaque bras constitue une demi-barre.Preferably, each arm constitutes a half bar.

Ce choix préféré, qui permet une fabrication extrêmement rationnelle n'est pas limitatif et, dans des variantes de réalisation, les bras constituent des fractions de barre différentes d'une moitié.This preferred choice, which allows extremely rational manufacturing is not limiting and, in alternative embodiments, the arms constitute fractions of bars different from one half.

D'autre part, on peut réunir deux bras par un élément intermédiaire au lieu de les réunir directement. Par exemple, si chaque bras constitue un tiers de barre, on réunit les deux bras par un élément intermédiaire qui constitue lui-même un tiers d'une barre.On the other hand, one can join two arms by an intermediate element instead of joining them directly. For example, if each arm constitutes a third of a bar, the two arms are united by an intermediate element which itself constitutes a third of a bar.

L'ensemble du treillis est serré par des câbles qui réalisent une précontrainte tridimensionnelle. Ces câbles sont fixés en leurs extrémités à des noeuds du treillis.The entire trellis is clamped by cables which carry out a three-dimensional prestress. These cables are fixed at their ends to nodes of the trellis.

Dans un exemple typique, un câble rencontre alternativement, et de façon répétée, une barre de treillis qu'il croise sensiblement en son milieu et orthogonalement, et un noeud du treillis qu'il traverse.In a typical example, a cable alternately and repeatedly meets a trellis bar which it crosses substantially in the middle and orthogonally, and a node of the trellis which it crosses.

La figure 3 du dessin joint représente, à titre d'exemple uniquement, un bloc constitué d'un noyau 1 d'où rayonnent 12 bras (2-13) qui constituent chacun une demi-barre du treillis.Figure 3 of the accompanying drawing shows, by way of example only, a block consisting of a core 1 from which radiate 12 arms (2-13) which each constitute a half-bar of the trellis.

Dans le treillis des figures 1 et 2, on trouve ainsi des blocs à huit bras, des blocs à neuf bras et des blocs à douze bras.In the trellis of Figures 1 and 2, there are thus blocks with eight arms, blocks with nine arms and blocks with twelve arms.

Les blocs situés sur les plans d'extrémité du treillis, c'est-à-dire les plans qui constituent le fond, les côtés et le dessus du treillis, ont un nombre de bras inférieur, comme on le comprend.The blocks located on the end planes of the trellis, that is to say the planes which constitute the bottom, the sides and the top of the trellis, have a lower number of arms, as it is understood.

Le fond et les côtés de l'embase sont rendus étanches.The bottom and sides of the base are sealed.

Le fond étanche est, de préférence, constitué par une mosaïque de pyramides, ce qui permet de s'enfoncer à la demande dans le sol sous-jacent à l'emplacement définitif de la plate-forme.The watertight bottom is preferably made up of a mosaic of pyramids, which allows it to sink into the underlying soil on demand at the final location of the platform.

La figure 5 est une perspective qui montre un élément de la pyramide dans l'un des tétraèdres du treillis.Figure 5 is a perspective showing an element of the pyramid in one of the lattice tetrahedra.

La pyramide et le tétraèdre ont une base commune DEF mais le sommet G du tétraèdre est au-dessus du sommet H de la pyramide. Pour construire la pyramide, il est commode de faire en sorte qu'une partie de chaque face de la pyramide vienne de moulage avec le noeud correspondant du treillis. Par exemple, une moitié de la face DHE viendra de moulage avec le noeud D et l'autre moitié de la face DHE viendra de moulage avec le noeud E.The pyramid and the tetrahedron have a common base DEF but the vertex G of the tetrahedron is above the vertex H of the pyramid. To build the pyramid, it is convenient to make part of each side of the pyramid come from molding with the corresponding knot of the trellis. For example, one half of the DHE face will come from molding with node D and the other half of the DHE face will come from molding with node E.

Les deux moitiés sont assemblées ensuite par tout procédé approprié et, par exemple, par une technique analogue à celle qui permet l'assemblage de deux bras pour former une barre.The two halves are then assembled by any suitable method and, for example, by a technique analogous to that which allows the assembly of two arms to form a bar.

Ainsi, les pyramides du fond de l'embase sont montées en même temps que sont montés les noeuds du niveau inférieur du treillis.Thus, the pyramids at the bottom of the base are mounted at the same time as the nodes of the lower level of the trellis are mounted.

La façade de l'embase est de préférence une façade gaufrée en béton. Pour
réaliser cette façade (figure 6), il est commode de préfabriquer des dièdres en béton constitués de deux plans P1 P2 et de solidariser ces plans avec les barres de la surface du treillis contre laquelle est appliquée la façade. Il est donc avantageux que dans cette surface les barres du treillis constituent des rectangles qui s'étendent dans la hauteur de la surface du treillis et les parois P1, P2 sont solidarisées de façon étanche avec les barres b situées le long des grands côtés du rectangle et ainsi de proche en proche.The facade of the base is preferably an embossed concrete facade. For
realize this facade (Figure 6), it is convenient to prefab concrete dihedrons made up of two planes P1 P2 and to join these planes with the bars of the surface of the lattice against which the facade is applied. It is therefore advantageous that in this surface the bars of the trellis constitute rectangles which extend in the height of the surface of the trellis and the walls P1, P2 are tightly joined with the bars b located along the long sides of the rectangle. and so step by step.

Les figures 7 à 10 représentent des variantes de réalisation conformes à l'invention.Figures 7 to 10 show alternative embodiments according to the invention.

Sur la figure 7, le bloc moulé est constitué d'un noyau central sphérique 15 d'où rayonnent des bras cylindriques 14. On a représenté à droite du bloc une partie d'un treillis constitué au moyen de ces blocs et on voit sur ce treillis les manchons 18 qui sont montés sur les barres du treillis.In FIG. 7, the molded block consists of a spherical central core 15 from which radiate cylindrical arms 14. A part of a lattice made up of these blocks is shown to the right of the block and we see on this lattice sleeves 18 which are mounted on the lattice bars.

Sur la figure 8, on a représenté une autre variante de réalisation d'un bloc de treillis.In Figure 8, there is shown another alternative embodiment of a lattice block.

Sur la figure 9, on a représenté une partie d'un treillis. Les barres du treillis qui se trouvent dans les plans sous-jacents à la façade sont disposées suivant les côtés de carrés Q et suivant les côtés de carrés Q et suivant les côtés de triangles T qui, éventuellement, dessinent des trapèzes. Ces dispositions ne sont pas limitatives et sont données seulement à titre d'exemple. Sur la figure 9, on a également représenté une partie d'un treillis. Les barres du treillis qui se trouvent dans les plans sous-jacents à la façade sont disposées suivant les côtés de carrés Q et suivant les côtés de triangles T qui éventuellement dessinent des trapèzes. Ces dispositions ne sont pas limitatives et sont données seulement à titre d'exemple. Sur la figure 9, on a également représenté une partie de la façade latérale..Dans cet exemple, cette façade latérale est constituée de portions de façade. En fait, chaque portion de façade est solidaire de l'un des tétraèdres du treillis et les différentes portions de façades sont rendues jointives de proche en proche par du mortier ou du béton rapporté.In FIG. 9, part of a trellis is shown. The bars of the trellis which are in the planes underlying the facade are arranged along the sides of squares Q and along the sides of squares Q and along the sides of triangles T which, possibly, draw trapezoids. These provisions are not limiting and are given only by way of example. In FIG. 9, part of a trellis is also shown. The bars of the trellis which found in the plans underlying the facade are arranged along the sides of squares Q and along the sides of triangles T which possibly draw trapezoids. These provisions are not limiting and are given only by way of example. In FIG. 9, part of the side facade is also shown. In this example, this side facade is made up of facade portions. In fact, each facade portion is integral with one of the lattice tetrahedra and the various facade portions are joined together gradually by mortar or added concrete.

La figure 10 est une vue simplifiée montrant schématiquement deux câbles de précontrainte 20,21.FIG. 10 is a simplified view schematically showing two prestressing cables 20,21.

Le câble de précontrainte 20 est rectiligne et ses extrémités sont fixées à deux noeuds 22,23 du treillis. Le câble croise plusieurs barres du treillis telles que les barres 24,25 mais reste à l'extérieur des barres. Le câble de précontrainte 21 est également attaché à ses deux extrémités à des noeuds 26,27 du treillis mais ce câble n'est pas rectiligne et il est dévié par des noeuds du treillis tels que les noeuds 28,29. Le noeud 28 est pourvu d'une gorge 30 et le noeud 29 est pourvu d'un passage interne 31 pour dévier le câble 21. Une partie seulement des bras de ces noeuds est représentée sur le dessin.The prestressing cable 20 is straight and its ends are fixed to two nodes 22, 23 of the trellis. The cable crosses several bars of the trellis such as bars 24,25 but remains outside the bars. The prestressing cable 21 is also attached at its two ends to nodes 26,27 of the trellis, but this cable is not straight and it is deflected by nodes of the trellis such as nodes 28,29. The node 28 is provided with a groove 30 and the node 29 is provided with an internal passage 31 for deflecting the cable 21. Only part of the arms of these nodes is shown in the drawing.

L'invention n'est pas limitée à une disposition géométrique spécifique des barres mais, de préférence, les barres des faces latérales du treillis sont disposées selon les côtés de triangles équilatéraux ou isocèles et/ou selon les côtés de rectangles ou de carrés.The invention is not limited to a specific geometrical arrangement of the bars but, preferably, the bars of the lateral faces of the trellis are arranged along the sides of equilateral or isosceles triangles and / or along the sides of rectangles or squares.

Dans la réalisation représentée, les faces latérales sont des plans inclinés par rapport à la verticale mais, dans d'autres réalisations, elles sont verticales.In the embodiment shown, the side faces are planes inclined relative to the vertical but, in other embodiments, they are vertical.

Les côtés et le fond du treillis sont rendus étanches par tout moyen approprié. De préférence, on obtient l'étanchéité par une pluralité de parois en béton qui sont fixées de façon étanche ou qui sont d'une seule pièce avec les barres du treillis qui se trouvent dans les faces latérales et dans la face de fond du treillis. De préférence, les parois qui rendent étanche un côté du treillis sont disposées selon une disposition plissée, ce qui réduit les effets de la différence de température entre la partie de ce côté qui est dans l'eau et la partie de ce côté qui est au-dessus de l'eau. Une telle différence de température, qui dans les mers froides peut être de 50°C ou plus, pourrait provoquer des contraintes destructrices si les parois latérales étaient planes. Le terme "plissé" doit être compris comme un terme global qui englobe toutes configurations et toutes dimensions de plis.The sides and bottom of the trellis are sealed by any suitable means. Preferably, the seal is obtained by a plurality of concrete walls which are fixed in a sealed manner or which are in one piece with the bars of the lattice which are located in the lateral faces and in the bottom face of the lattice. Preferably, the walls which seal one side of the trellis are arranged in a pleated arrangement, which reduces the effects of the temperature difference between the part of this side which is in the water and the part of this side which is in the water. - above the water. Such a temperature difference, which in cold seas can be 50 ° C or more, could cause destructive stresses if the side walls were flat. The term "pleated" should be understood as a global term which includes all configurations and all dimensions of pleats.

L'invention s'applique notamment à la réalisation de structures en mer, y compris pour constituer des réservoirs.The invention is particularly applicable to the production of structures at sea, including to form reservoirs.

Claims (11)

1. Construction en béton constituant un treillis tridimensionnel rigide en barres de béton assemblées en des noeuds, caractérisée en ce que le treillis est constitué d'un assemblage de blocs préfabriqués par moulage, chaque bloc comportant un noyau et une pluralité de bras qui rayonnent à partir du noyau, chaque bras présentant au moins un logement longitudinal débouchant à l'extrémité libre du bras, les bras étant assemblés deux à deux en alignement pour constituer les barres du treillis, les logements des bras assemblés étant alignés et contenant une armature métallique commune, la zone de jonction des bras assemblés étant entourée par un manchon d'étanchéité lesdits logements étant remplis de mortier durci, et ledit treillis étant serré par des câbles de précontrainte qui passent à l'extérieur des barres du treillis et qui sont fixés à des noeuds du treillis.1. Concrete construction constituting a rigid three-dimensional lattice of concrete bars assembled in nodes, characterized in that the lattice consists of an assembly of prefabricated blocks by molding, each block comprising a core and a plurality of arms which radiate at from the core, each arm having at least one longitudinal housing opening at the free end of the arm, the arms being assembled two by two in alignment to form the lattice bars, the housings of the assembled arms being aligned and containing a common metal frame , the junction zone of the assembled arms being surrounded by a sealing sleeve, said housings being filled with hardened mortar, and said trellis being clamped by prestressing cables which pass outside the bars of the trellis and which are fixed to trellis nodes. 2. Construction en béton selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que certains au moins des bras constituent une moitié de barre.2. Concrete construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least some of the arms constitute one half of a bar. 3. Construction selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que les bras ont une longueur de 2 à 10 mètres et une section droite s'inscrivant dans un cercle dont le diamètre est de 20 à 100 cm.3. Construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the arms have a length of 2 to 10 meters and a cross section forming part of a circle whose diameter is 20 to 100 cm. 4. Construction selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les bras ont une section circulaire dont le diamètre est compris dans la gamme 30-80 cm.4. Construction according to claim 3, characterized in that the arms have a circular section whose diameter is in the range 30-80 cm. 5. Construction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les manchons sont en matériau thermorétractable.5. Construction according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sleeves are made of heat-shrinkable material. 6. Construction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que certains des câbles de précontrainte sont déviés par des noeuds du treillis.6. Construction according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that some of the prestressing cables are deflected by nodes of the trellis. 7. Construction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que certains au moins des câbles de précontrainte sont rectilignes.7. Construction according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least some of the prestressing cables are rectilinear. 8. Bloc moulé en béton pour réaliser une construction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un noyau et des bras qui rayonnent à partir du noyau, chaque bras comportant au moins un logement longitudinal qui débouche à l'extrémité libre du bras et au moins un passage pour introduire du mortier dans ce logement ou pour extraire l'air du logement.8. Block molded in concrete to make a construction according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a core and arms which radiate from the core, each arm comprising at least one longitudinal housing which opens out to the free end of the arm and at least one passage for introducing mortar into this housing or for extracting air from the housing. 9. Bloc moulé en béton selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que certains noeuds sont pourvus de gorges ou de passages pour le passage d'un câble de précontrainte.9. A molded concrete block according to claim 8, characterized in that certain nodes are provided with grooves or passages for the passage of a prestressing cable. 10. Procédé pour réaliser une construction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend la préfabrication de blocs selon la revendication 8 ou 9 et, de façon répétitive, les opérations consistant à : aligner un bras d'un bloc avec un bras d'un autre bloc après avoir introduit une armature commune dans les logements alignés, entourer la zone de jonction des deux bras alignés par un manchon d'étanchéité et injecter du mortier dans les logements desdits bras alignés pour remplir les logements et constituer à la demande un joint plus ou moins épais entre les deux bras.10. Method for carrying out a construction according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises the prefabrication of blocks according to claim 8 or 9 and, repeatedly, the operations consisting in: aligning an arm of a block with an arm of another block after having introduced a common frame in the aligned housings, surround the junction zone of the two aligned arms with a sealing sleeve and inject mortar into the housings of said aligned arms to fill the housings and on request form a more or less thick joint between the two arms. 11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le bloc est moulé par injection dans un moule fermé.11. Method according to claim 10, characterized in that the block is injection molded in a closed mold.
EP84402551A 1983-12-14 1984-12-11 Three-dimensional concrete supporting structure and method for making said structure Expired EP0146469B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84402551T ATE25863T1 (en) 1983-12-14 1984-12-11 SPACE FRAME MADE OF CONCRETE AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF SAID FRAME.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR8320092A FR2556757B1 (en) 1983-12-14 1983-12-14 THREE-DIMENSIONAL CONCRETE CARRIER MESH AND PROCESS FOR MAKING THIS MESH
FR8320092 1983-12-14

Publications (3)

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EP0146469A2 true EP0146469A2 (en) 1985-06-26
EP0146469A3 EP0146469A3 (en) 1985-08-28
EP0146469B1 EP0146469B1 (en) 1987-03-11

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US (2) US4648223A (en)
EP (1) EP0146469B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6124717A (en)
KR (1) KR890004175B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE25863T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1218241A (en)
DE (1) DE3462616D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2556757B1 (en)
MX (1) MX162915B (en)
OA (1) OA07894A (en)

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US5073800A (en) * 1989-05-11 1991-12-17 Tokyo Electric Co., Ltd. Electrophotographic apparatus with manual and programmable blade cleaner
FR2679577A1 (en) * 1991-07-09 1993-01-29 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Connector for underwater structures
US6676862B2 (en) 1999-09-15 2004-01-13 Advanced Building Systems, Inc. Method for forming lightweight concrete block
USD429822S (en) * 1999-09-15 2000-08-22 Jensen Daniel M Building unit
US6581352B1 (en) 2000-08-17 2003-06-24 Kamran Amirsoleymani Concrete composite structural system
US7921613B2 (en) * 2008-06-11 2011-04-12 Koichi Paul Nii Terraced structured land joint and assembly system
US20100101163A1 (en) * 2008-10-28 2010-04-29 Juan Marcos Cuevas Modular elements for structural reinforcement
KR101030660B1 (en) * 2010-07-20 2011-04-20 김성희 Unit of breakwater and connecting method thereof
JP5342048B1 (en) * 2012-08-29 2013-11-13 佐々木 孝和 Offshore underwater breakwater
KR101399812B1 (en) * 2013-11-19 2014-05-27 김석문 Wave dissipating block for breakwater
US10392800B1 (en) * 2015-10-21 2019-08-27 Shin Civil Engineering Consultants Inc. System and method for building structures using multilayered panel frames
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6124717A (en) 1986-02-03
OA07894A (en) 1986-11-20
US4648223A (en) 1987-03-10
MX162915B (en) 1991-07-08
FR2556757B1 (en) 1987-04-10
US4726923A (en) 1988-02-23
EP0146469B1 (en) 1987-03-11
JPH0317004B2 (en) 1991-03-07
KR850004287A (en) 1985-07-11
DE3462616D1 (en) 1987-04-16
KR890004175B1 (en) 1989-10-23
EP0146469A3 (en) 1985-08-28
ATE25863T1 (en) 1987-03-15
CA1218241A (en) 1987-02-24
FR2556757A1 (en) 1985-06-21

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