EP0143956B1 - Machine à ondes de pression - Google Patents

Machine à ondes de pression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0143956B1
EP0143956B1 EP84112407A EP84112407A EP0143956B1 EP 0143956 B1 EP0143956 B1 EP 0143956B1 EP 84112407 A EP84112407 A EP 84112407A EP 84112407 A EP84112407 A EP 84112407A EP 0143956 B1 EP0143956 B1 EP 0143956B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure wave
gas
cells
catalyst
rotor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84112407A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0143956A1 (fr
Inventor
Ibrahim Dr. El Nashar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Original Assignee
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland filed Critical BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Publication of EP0143956A1 publication Critical patent/EP0143956A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0143956B1 publication Critical patent/EP0143956B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F13/00—Pressure exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
    • F02B33/32—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type
    • F02B33/42—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type with driven apparatus for immediate conversion of combustion gas pressure into pressure of fresh charge, e.g. with cell-type pressure exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
    • F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2254/00—Heat inputs
    • F02G2254/10—Heat inputs by burners
    • F02G2254/11—Catalytic burners

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas dynamic pressure wave machine according to the preamble of the claim.
  • catalysts are used in both gasoline and diesel engines in the exhaust system.
  • gasoline engines these consist of ceramic filters coated with catalyst materials, for example platinum powder. This reduces the emissions of pollutants in the exhaust gases, such as carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides.
  • pollutants such as carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides.
  • the most common exhaust gas catalysts are so-called three-way catalysts, ie NO is reduced to N 2 , CO is oxidized to C0 2 , the oxygen from NO being converted into this compound, and the hydrocarbons are oxidized.
  • These catalysts work with lambda values, ie with excess air values of 1 ⁇ 0.02. A lambda probe is required to adjust the mixture accordingly.
  • Similar catalysts are used for diesel engines, with ceramic or metallic support materials also being used.
  • the task of the diesel engine is pure oxidation, because a reduction is not possible due to the excess air.
  • a catalytic converter therefore has the task of burning carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and soot.
  • soot particle filters are used in diesel engines to reduce the soot impact, and these can also be catalytically coated in order to lower the ignition temperature of the accumulated soot and thus burn the soot particles. Filter regeneration can then be achieved.
  • the exhaust gas emission is also influenced favorably.
  • the three-way catalytic converter When charging a gasoline engine with a gas-dynamic pressure wave charger, the three-way catalytic converter must be arranged on the high-pressure side, since the excess air in the low-pressure exhaust can reach very high values as a result of flushing the cellular wheel of the pressure wave charger, and thus the condition for the lambda value 1 ⁇ 0. 02 is not to be fulfilled. Furthermore, when the catalyst is arranged in the low-pressure exhaust, its back pressure rises sharply, so that adequate flushing of the cells of the cellular wheel would not be ensured.
  • CH-A-478 339 It is known from CH-A-478 339 to provide the cellular wheel with a coating in a gas-dynamic pressure wave machine for charging internal combustion engines.
  • This is a coating made of a poorly heat-conducting material, for example glass or ceramic, in particular enamel.
  • the purpose of this coating is to delay the heat absorption of the rotor in order to reduce the thermal expansion of the rotor, which generally heats up faster and more strongly than the housing. This is to minimize leakage losses at the front of the rotor.
  • the described nitrogen reduction due to the blade coating is not transferable to pressure wave machines, since there due to the alternating loading of the cells Air and exhaust gas the oxygen content of the cell content is much too high.
  • the supercharging unit can also perform the function of a catalyst for exhaust gas detoxification in supercharged internal combustion engines. It can take over the oxidation effect alone or in addition to a conventional catalyst.
  • the three-way catalytic effect in the cell rotor is not possible, the reduction from NO to N 2 is not possible due to the excess air.
  • the catalytic effect of the rotor satisfies the oxidation requirements of the diesel engine; in the gasoline engine, it only meets the pure oxidation requirements.
  • 1 denotes the hub of the cell wheel of a pressure wave machine, which is formed from individual cells 2 that conduct the air and gas flow and which are encased on the outside by a jacket 3.
  • the surfaces of the individual cells 2 surrounded by exhaust gas and air are coated with a catalyst material 4 known per se, for example platinum or rhodium.
  • a surface-enlarging ceramic underlayer is applied to the metal rotor in a conventional manner, to which the actual catalytic material is then applied.
  • the surface area can also be increased by increasing the number of cells and / or the number of floods of the rotor.
  • the cellular wheel 1 In an embodiment of the cellular wheel 1 according to FIG. 2, it consists of a ceramic material.
  • the Kataiysatormateriais 4 can be sprayed onto the ceramic cells 2 either before firing the cellular wheel 1 or only after the firing process in an additional operation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Claims (1)

  1. Machine gazodynamique à ondes de pression pour la suralimentation de moteurs à combustion, se composant essentiellement d'un corps de stator dans lequel est disposée une roue à cellules formée de cellules individuelles, les cellules étant entourées d'une enveloppe (3) et étant alimentées alternativement en air et en gaz d'échappement, et où le contact entre les fluides de travail avec les parois des cellules est favorisé, pendant la marche de la machine, par suite de la force centrifuge et de la forte turbulence provoquées par le processus des ondes de pression, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins les surfaces des cellules individuelles (2) de la roue à cellules (3), qui sont exposées au courant de gaz, présentent un revêtement constitué d'un matériau catalyseur (4).
EP84112407A 1983-11-30 1984-10-15 Machine à ondes de pression Expired EP0143956B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH640283 1983-11-30
CH6402/83 1983-11-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0143956A1 EP0143956A1 (fr) 1985-06-12
EP0143956B1 true EP0143956B1 (fr) 1988-05-04

Family

ID=4309006

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84112407A Expired EP0143956B1 (fr) 1983-11-30 1984-10-15 Machine à ondes de pression

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4744213A (fr)
EP (1) EP0143956B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS60135615A (fr)
DE (1) DE3470904D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19532170A1 (de) * 1995-08-31 1997-03-06 Ppv Verwaltungs Ag Verfahren zur Bildung eines platinhaltigen Überzugs auf einem Substrat und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Families Citing this family (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3813947A1 (de) * 1988-04-26 1989-11-09 Asea Brown Boveri Verfahren zum aufbringen einer aus edelmetallen und/oder edelmetallverbindungen bestehenden katalysatorschicht auf einen traeger aus keramischem material
DE3813946A1 (de) * 1988-04-26 1989-11-09 Asea Brown Boveri Verfahren zum aufbringen einer aus edelmetallen und/oder edelmetallverbindungen bestehenden katalysatorschicht auf einen traeger aus keramischem material
DE3922019A1 (de) * 1988-09-05 1990-04-05 Richter Gerhard Vorrichtung zum verbrennen der kontaminierten russpartikel in den abgasen von dieselmotoren
DE3900571A1 (de) * 1989-01-11 1990-07-19 Asea Brown Boveri Verfahren zum aufbringen einer aus edelmetallen und/oder edelmetallverbindungen bestehenden katalysatorschicht auf einen traeger aus keramischem material
DE4210543A1 (de) * 1992-03-31 1993-10-07 Asea Brown Boveri Druckwellenmaschine
EP0576716A1 (fr) * 1992-07-03 1994-01-05 Abb Research Ltd. Echangeur de pression
US5284123A (en) * 1993-01-22 1994-02-08 Pulso Catalytic Superchargers Pressure wave supercharger having a stationary cellular member
AT408785B (de) * 1995-11-30 2002-03-25 Blank Otto Ing Aufladeeinrichtung für die ladeluft einer verbrennungskraftmaschine
US5839416A (en) * 1996-11-12 1998-11-24 Caterpillar Inc. Control system for pressure wave supercharger to optimize emissions and performance of an internal combustion engine
DE19703522A1 (de) * 1997-01-31 1998-03-19 Daimler Benz Ag Verbrennungsmotoranlage mit Druckwellenlader
US6460342B1 (en) 1999-04-26 2002-10-08 Advanced Research & Technology Institute Wave rotor detonation engine
WO2002004794A2 (fr) 2000-07-06 2002-01-17 Advanced Research & Technology Institute Chambre de combustion multicanaux compartimentee
SE520559C2 (sv) * 2001-02-02 2003-07-22 Volvo Lastvagnar Ab Arrangemang och förfarande vid tryckluftsystem för fordon
US6845620B2 (en) 2001-07-06 2005-01-25 Mohamed Razi Nalim Rotary ejector enhanced pulsed detonation system and method
US7555891B2 (en) * 2004-11-12 2009-07-07 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Wave rotor apparatus
FR2878568A1 (fr) * 2004-11-29 2006-06-02 Renault Sas Dispositif de suralimentation par ondes de pression d'un moteur a combustion interne avec des moyens de depollution des gaz d'echappement et moteur equipe d'un tel dispositif
FR2900971A3 (fr) * 2006-05-12 2007-11-16 Renault Sas Systeme d'entrainement pour vehicule automobile et procede de commande d'un tel systeme
EP1878879A1 (fr) * 2006-07-14 2008-01-16 Abb Research Ltd. Turbocompresseur à revêtement catalytique
DE102007021367B4 (de) * 2007-05-04 2008-12-24 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Gasdynamische Druckwellenmaschine
EP2450121A1 (fr) * 2010-11-03 2012-05-09 MEC Lasertec AG Procédé de fabrication d'une roue cellulaire
DE102011118765A1 (de) * 2011-11-17 2013-05-23 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Ottomotor mit Druckwellenlader und Dreiwegekatalysator

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL175314C (nl) * 1949-05-24 Ciba Geigy Werkwijze voor het bereiden van een produkt, bestaande uit een dispersie van pigment in polyetheen en/of polypropeen.
US3084511A (en) * 1960-08-26 1963-04-09 Gen Electric Wave type pressure exchanger with overall pressure rise
GB993288A (en) * 1962-11-15 1965-05-26 Dudley Brian Spalding Improvements in and relating to pressure exchangers
CH478339A (de) * 1963-08-14 1969-09-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Druckwellenmaschine
CH552135A (de) * 1972-11-29 1974-07-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Verfahren zur verminderung der schadstoffemission von verbrennungsmotoren und einrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens.
US4122673A (en) * 1973-09-28 1978-10-31 J. Eberspacher Internal combustion engine with afterburning and catalytic reaction in a supercharger turbine casing
JPS5840524B2 (ja) * 1975-09-10 1983-09-06 サンスタ−株式会社 歯磨組成物
US4197700A (en) * 1976-10-13 1980-04-15 Jahnig Charles E Gas turbine power system with fuel injection and combustion catalyst
US4369020A (en) * 1980-05-05 1983-01-18 Ford Motor Company Rotor seal for wave compression turbocharger

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19532170A1 (de) * 1995-08-31 1997-03-06 Ppv Verwaltungs Ag Verfahren zur Bildung eines platinhaltigen Überzugs auf einem Substrat und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4744213A (en) 1988-05-17
EP0143956A1 (fr) 1985-06-12
JPS60135615A (ja) 1985-07-19
DE3470904D1 (en) 1988-06-09

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