EP0131939B1 - Mobile hydraulic excavator - Google Patents

Mobile hydraulic excavator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0131939B1
EP0131939B1 EP84108270A EP84108270A EP0131939B1 EP 0131939 B1 EP0131939 B1 EP 0131939B1 EP 84108270 A EP84108270 A EP 84108270A EP 84108270 A EP84108270 A EP 84108270A EP 0131939 B1 EP0131939 B1 EP 0131939B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
upper carriage
cab
axis
undercarriage
shovel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84108270A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0131939A1 (en
Inventor
Hans Schaeff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Karl Schaeff GmbH and Co Maschinenfabrik
Original Assignee
Karl Schaeff GmbH and Co Maschinenfabrik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Karl Schaeff GmbH and Co Maschinenfabrik filed Critical Karl Schaeff GmbH and Co Maschinenfabrik
Priority to AT84108270T priority Critical patent/ATE33413T1/en
Publication of EP0131939A1 publication Critical patent/EP0131939A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0131939B1 publication Critical patent/EP0131939B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36Component parts
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E02F3/32Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom working downwardly and towards the machine, e.g. with backhoes
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36Component parts
    • E02F3/38Cantilever beams, i.e. booms;, e.g. manufacturing processes, forms, geometry or materials used for booms; Dipper-arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, forms, geometry or materials used for dipper-arms; Bucket-arms
    • E02F3/382Connections to the frame; Supports for booms or arms
    • E02F3/384Connections to the frame; Supports for booms or arms the boom being pivotable relative to the frame about a vertical axis
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/08Superstructures; Supports for superstructures
    • E02F9/0808Improving mounting or assembling, e.g. frame elements, disposition of all the components on the superstructures
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/16Cabins, platforms, or the like, for drivers
    • E02F9/163Structures to protect drivers, e.g. cabins, doors for cabins; Falling object protection structure [FOPS]; Roll over protection structure [ROPS]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mobile backhoe with a superstructure which can be pivoted through 360 ° about a vertical, essentially central axis on a two-track chassis, a driver's cab which is arranged eccentrically on the superstructure and a mounting bracket mounted on a vertical axis arranged at the front end of the superstructure Boom, dipper stick and work tool consisting of a collapsible assembly that extends transversely in front of the superstructure in a swivel end position.
  • This guide also has a considerable length so that when the carriage is in the lateral end position, the excavator boom pivoted in front of the guide with the bucket folded still remains within the envelope circle determined by the counterweight on the superstructure, so that the excavator can be pivoted on a narrow tree.
  • This known machine is designed to perform a variety of tasks and is therefore largely universally applicable; however, it requires considerable effort due to the transverse guide, the slide that can be moved on it for the attachment holder, the slide clamp and the lateral adjustment device for the slide.
  • Another disadvantage is the length of the transverse guide, which projects relatively far beyond the superstructure on both sides for the purpose of a sufficient support width of the slide and to achieve a required minimum lateral offset.
  • the resulting required guide length also requires this guide to approach the swivel axis of the superstructure. The closer the slide guide is to the swivel axis of the uppercarriage, the greater the back offset of the add-on bracket pivot axis relative to the front of the chassis when the uppercarriage is set to the longitudinal direction.
  • extension bracket can no longer significantly extend beyond the outer limits of the undercarriage even in the lateral pivoting positions of the superstructure.
  • the axis of the superstructure arranged on the front of the superstructure is in the vertical longitudinal center plane running through the pivot axis of the superstructure.
  • a simple hydraulic cylinder can be used as the swivel drive, which can remain fixed in its one end position when digging along a wall, while the swivel movements during the work of the boom with the swivel mechanism of the uppercarriage, which is present anyway.
  • the invention has for its object to further develop an excavator of the type described in such a way that even with significantly reduced structural effort, both with a large lateral offset and to carry out the predominant dredging work can be dug between the lanes of the chassis and that the driver to simplify the Operation while maintaining good visibility receives orientation aids with which he can easily find the most frequently used driving position and the main grave position intended for work between the lanes of the chassis.
  • the axis of the mounting bracket is arranged on the side of the superstructure platform facing away from the driver's cab on a projection extending from the front edge thereof,
  • a driver's seat rotatably mounted in the cabin has a first latching position for the main grave position of the superstructure, in which the driver's seat and a first cabin side wall run parallel to the longitudinal center axis of the undercarriage and the axis of the attachment holder is in the area between a lane and the longitudinal center axis of the undercarriage,
  • the driver's seat has a second latching position assigned to the driving position of the superstructure, in which it and a second cabin side wall run parallel to the longitudinal center axis of the chassis.
  • This main grave position is defined in the subject of the present invention in that the superstructure is at a certain angle from about 20 to 30 degrees from
  • Driving position has been pivoted to bring the mounting bracket between the lane and the longitudinal center axis of the chassis.
  • the excavator operator has to pivot the boom in the longitudinal direction of the chassis, he has a cabin side wall and a resting position of the driver's seat.
  • a second detent position of the driver's seat is assigned to the driving position, a second cabin side wall running parallel to the longitudinal center axis of the chassis.
  • the desired good view is achieved in that the known transverse guide for the cultivator slide is missing and thus an unobstructed view of the timetable is guaranteed.
  • the resting position of the driver's seat for the main grave position also contributes to good visibility under these working conditions.
  • a superstructure 2 which can be pivoted indefinitely about a first vertical axis 4, is mounted on a chassis 1, which is designed as a caterpillar drive, but can equally well consist of a wheel and tire drive.
  • the pivotability through 360 ° is generally achieved with the aid of a main rotary bearing 3 known per se, in that hydraulic feedthroughs and line connections are provided.
  • a part of the superstructure platform forming side projection 24 is provided, on which a second vertical pivot axis 5 is arranged.
  • a mounting bracket 6 can be pivoted about the second vertical axis 5, to which, according to FIG. 2, an angled arm 8, 9, a spoon arm 10 and a digging spoon 11 are connected.
  • the mounting bracket 6 is held with upper and lower pivot pins in a mounting bracket pivot bearing 7, which extends forward from the platform of the superstructure and forms part of the projection 24 in the upper and lower tabs or lugs. From Fig. 1 it can be seen that the vertical distance of the second pivot axis 5 from the front edge of the superstructure or from the cabin front 22 corresponds approximately to half the width of a conventional digging spoon 11, so that the mounting bracket and boom can be pivoted substantially parallel in front of the cabin front .
  • section 8 of the boom adjoining the attachment brackets 6 in the drawn-in folded position has a length which extends over the eye level of the driver shown at position 28 in FIG. 2.
  • the dipper stick 10 and the filled digging bucket 11 there is a middle free space behind which the front 22 of the driver's cab 20 is arranged, so that the driver has an unobstructed view to the front and the floor in front of the undercarriage.
  • a preferred embodiment is a swivel mechanism of the attachment holder in FIG. 1, which indicates a hydraulic cylinder 15, which in principle could also be replaced by another swivel mechanism .
  • the cylinder 15 extends within the platform of the superstructure to the rear up to a pivot point 14.
  • the piston rod 16 is connected via a link 17 to a lateral connecting eye 19 on the mounting bracket 6 and is guided through a coupling 18 which is connected to a projection 24 mounted pin 21 is pivotable.
  • the swivel drive shown enables the boom to be swiveled by at least 180 ° in accordance with FIG. 1, but without this swivel angle being binding. With the aid of this swivel angle range, the essential working positions shown as an example in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 can be easily achieved, in addition to the driving position in FIG. 1.
  • the driver's cab extends to a considerable section over the first vertical axis 4.
  • the cabin side wall 30 adjacent to the projection 24 runs parallel to the side wall section 40 of the superstructure. Behind and next to the cabin are not shown, conventional structures, z. B. the drive motor, storage tank, hydraulic units, etc.
  • the superstructure 2 is pivoted into the main grave position, in which the vertical pivot axis 5 of the bracket 6 is located approximately in the middle between the right chassis 13 and the vehicle longitudinal center line L, but also closer to Line L could be pivoted.
  • a rear part 46 of the side wall of the superstructure runs parallel to the chassis 13 and on the opposite side a front side wall section 42 of the sidecar runs parallel to the chassis 12.
  • the center of gravity of the counterweight 38 is approximately in the area of the chassis longitudinal center line L.
  • Um To set the uppercarriage into the position according to FIG. 3, the driver has the cabin side wall 32 available, which runs parallel to the sections 42, 46 of the uppercarriage.
  • the cabin rear wall 34 can have any shape.
  • the driver's seat 26 has an integrated excavator control indicated in the armrests. In order to maintain an unobstructed view to the front in the main positions of the uppercarriage according to FIGS.
  • the driver's seat 26 can be pivoted about an axis 36, at least one detent position being provided in which the driver's seat parallel to the cabin side wall 30 or to the opposite side wall 32 runs.
  • a footboard 44 for entry into the cabin and onto the superstructure can be provided between the side wall section 42 and the adjacent cabin side wall 32.
  • the envelope circle H shown in FIG. 1 and determined by the counterweight 38 on the superstructure also includes the boom assembly folded in the driving position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

A shovel excavator with an upper carriage pivoting unrestrictedly on an undercarriage and with an attachment holder (6) for a boom (8) pivoting laterally at the front. The pivot shaft (5) is located a distance corresponding to at least half the conventional shovel width from the front edge (22) of the operator cab, so that when the boom is pivoted transversely and the shovel post (10) is folded up, together with the excavating shovel (11), this assembly remains within the contour of the upper carriage. Unhampered view forward and on the ground through the folded-up boom assembly is provided to the operator cab. The second pivot shaft (5) is located in the area between the travel track and the longitudinal center line L of the vehicle in one main excavating position of the upper carriage. Neither in the travel position nor in the main excavating position do the side walls of the upper carriage project laterally beyond the undercarriage.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen fahrbaren Löffelbagger mit einem auf einem zweispurigen Fahrwerk um eine senkrechte, im wesentlichen mittige Achse um 360° schwenkbaren Oberwagen, einer auf dem Oberwagen außermittig angeordneten Fahrerkabine und einem auf einer am vorderen Ende des Oberwagens angeordneten senkrechten Achse gelagerten Anbauhalter für eine aus Ausleger, Löffelstiel und Arbeitswerkzeug bestehende zusammenfaltbare Baugruppe, die sich in einer Schwenk-Endstellung quer vor den Oberwagen erstreckt.The invention relates to a mobile backhoe with a superstructure which can be pivoted through 360 ° about a vertical, essentially central axis on a two-track chassis, a driver's cab which is arranged eccentrically on the superstructure and a mounting bracket mounted on a vertical axis arranged at the front end of the superstructure Boom, dipper stick and work tool consisting of a collapsible assembly that extends transversely in front of the superstructure in a swivel end position.

Bei einem aus der DE-A-25 58 799 bekannten Löffelbagger der vorbezeichneten Art befindet sich vor der Fahrerkabine eine zur Oberwagenlängsachse quer verlaufende Führung, auf der ein Schlitten verschiebbar ist, auf dem der Anbauhalter für den Baggerausleger schwenkbar gelagert ist. Um mit Seitenversatz parallel zur Längsachse des Fahrwerkes etwa in Verlängerung der jeweiligen Fahrspur baggern zu können, ragt die Führung auf beiden Seiten über die Begrenzungen des Oberwagens hinaus. Diese Führung besitzt auch deshalb eine beträchtliche Länge, damit bei in seitlicher Endstellung stehendem Schlitten der quer vor die Führung geschwenkte Baggerausleger mit angefaltetem Löffel noch innerhalb des durch das Gegengewicht am Oberwagen bestimmten Hüllkreises verbleibt, so daß der Bagger auf engem Baum verschwenkt werden kann.In a backhoe known from DE-A-25 58 799 of the aforementioned type there is in front of the driver's cab a guide which runs transversely to the longitudinal axis of the superstructure and on which a slide is displaceable on which the mounting bracket for the excavator boom is pivotally mounted. In order to be able to excavate with a lateral offset parallel to the longitudinal axis of the running gear, for example in the extension of the respective lane, the guide protrudes on both sides beyond the limits of the superstructure. This guide also has a considerable length so that when the carriage is in the lateral end position, the excavator boom pivoted in front of the guide with the bucket folded still remains within the envelope circle determined by the counterweight on the superstructure, so that the excavator can be pivoted on a narrow tree.

Diese bekannte Maschine ist zur Erfüllung vielfältiger Aufgaben geschaffen und somit weitgehend universell anwendbar; sie erfordert allerdings einen beträchtlichen Aufwand aufgrund der Querführung, des darauf verschiebbaren Schlittens für den Anbauhalter, der Schlittenklemmung und der seitlichen Verstelleinrichtung für den Schlitten. Nachteilig erscheint außerdem die Länge der Querführung, die zum Zweck einer ausreichenden Abstützbreite des Schlittens und zur Erreichung eines geforderten Mindestseitenversatzes auf beiden Seiten verhältnismäßig weit über den Oberwagen hinausragt. Die daraus resultierende notwendige Führungslänge bedingt außerdem eine Annäherung dieser Führung an die Schwenkachse des Oberwagens. Je näher die Schlittenführung an die Schwenkachse des Oberwagens verlegt wird, desto größer wird der Rückversatz der Anbauhalter-Schwenkachse gegenüber der Vorderseite des Fahrwerkes bei auf die Längsrichtung eingestelltem Oberwagen. Aufgrund dieser Verhältnisse kann der Anbauhalter auch in den seitlichen Schwenkstellungen des Oberwagens nicht mehr nennenswert über die Außenbegrenzungen des Fahrwerks hinausgelangen. Als weitere nachteilige Folge des Rückversatzes der Fahrerkabine, die zwangsläufig hinter der Schlittenführung angeordnet ist, verschlechtert sich die Sicht des Baggerführers.This known machine is designed to perform a variety of tasks and is therefore largely universally applicable; however, it requires considerable effort due to the transverse guide, the slide that can be moved on it for the attachment holder, the slide clamp and the lateral adjustment device for the slide. Another disadvantage is the length of the transverse guide, which projects relatively far beyond the superstructure on both sides for the purpose of a sufficient support width of the slide and to achieve a required minimum lateral offset. The resulting required guide length also requires this guide to approach the swivel axis of the superstructure. The closer the slide guide is to the swivel axis of the uppercarriage, the greater the back offset of the add-on bracket pivot axis relative to the front of the chassis when the uppercarriage is set to the longitudinal direction. Because of these conditions, the extension bracket can no longer significantly extend beyond the outer limits of the undercarriage even in the lateral pivoting positions of the superstructure. As a further disadvantageous consequence of the backward displacement of the driver's cab, which is inevitably arranged behind the slide guide, the operator's view deteriorates.

Bei einem aus der DE-A-16 34 994 bekannten fahrbaren Löffelbagger, der ebenfalls der eingangs vorbezeichneten Bauart entspricht, befindet sich die an der Vorderseite des Oberwagens angeordnete Achse des Oberwagens in der durch die Schwenkachse des Oberwagens verlaufenden senkrechten Längsmittelebene. Durch eine Beschränkung des seitlichen Schwenkwinkels des Auslegers von der Geradeausstellung um jeweils 45° läßt sich als Schwenkantrieb ein einfacher Hydraulikzylinder anwenden, der beim Grabenziehen entlang einer Wand in seiner einen Endstellung fest eingestellt belassen bleiben kann, während die Schwenkbewegungen bei der Arbeit des Auslegers mit dem ohnehin vorhandenen Schwenkwerk des Oberwagens durchgeführt werden.In a mobile backhoe excavator known from DE-A-16 34 994, which also corresponds to the type mentioned at the beginning, the axis of the superstructure arranged on the front of the superstructure is in the vertical longitudinal center plane running through the pivot axis of the superstructure. By limiting the lateral swivel angle of the boom from the straight-ahead position by 45 ° in each case, a simple hydraulic cylinder can be used as the swivel drive, which can remain fixed in its one end position when digging along a wall, while the swivel movements during the work of the boom with the swivel mechanism of the uppercarriage, which is present anyway.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Bagger der eingangs bezeichneten Bauart dahingehend weiterzubilden, daß auch bei wesentlich verringertem baulichem Aufwand sowohl mit großem Seitenversatz als auch zur Ausführung der überwiegend vorkommenden Baggerarbeiten zwischen den Fahrspuren des Fahrwerkes gegraben werden kann und daß der Fahrer zur Vereinfachung der Bedienung unter Beibehaltung guter Sichtverhältnisse Orientierungshilfen erhält, mit denen er die am häufigsten benutzte Fahrstellung sowie die für Arbeiten zwischen den Fahrspuren des Fahrwerkes vorgesehene Hauptgrabstellung leicht auffinden kann.The invention has for its object to further develop an excavator of the type described in such a way that even with significantly reduced structural effort, both with a large lateral offset and to carry out the predominant dredging work can be dug between the lanes of the chassis and that the driver to simplify the Operation while maintaining good visibility receives orientation aids with which he can easily find the most frequently used driving position and the main grave position intended for work between the lanes of the chassis.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, daß die Achse des Anbauhalters auf der der Fahrerkabine abgewandten Seite der Oberwagenplattform auf einem von deren Vorderkante ausgehenden Vorsprung angeordnet ist,To achieve this object, it is proposed according to the invention that the axis of the mounting bracket is arranged on the side of the superstructure platform facing away from the driver's cab on a projection extending from the front edge thereof,

daß ein in der Kabine drehbar gelagerter Fahrersitz eine erste Rastposition für die Hauptgrabstellung des Oberwagens aufweist, in der der Fahrersitz und eine erste Kabinenseitenwand parallel zur Längsmittelachse des Fahrwerkes verlaufen und die Achse des Anbauhalters sich im Bereich zwischen einer Fahrspur und der Längsmittelachse des Fahrwerkes befindet,that a driver's seat rotatably mounted in the cabin has a first latching position for the main grave position of the superstructure, in which the driver's seat and a first cabin side wall run parallel to the longitudinal center axis of the undercarriage and the axis of the attachment holder is in the area between a lane and the longitudinal center axis of the undercarriage,

und daß der Fahrersitz eine der Fahrstellung des Oberwagens zugeordnete zweite Rastposition aufweist, in der er und eine zweite Kabinenseitenwand parallel zur Längsmittelachse des Fahrwerks verlaufen.and that the driver's seat has a second latching position assigned to the driving position of the superstructure, in which it and a second cabin side wall run parallel to the longitudinal center axis of the chassis.

Während die Schwenkachse des Anbauhalters gemäß DE-A-25 58 799 mit Hilfe des Schlittens in jede beliebige Position, mittig oder zwischen den Fahrzeugspuren gebracht werden kann - allerdings mit erheblichem baulichen Aufwand - , wobei die Kabine dann parallel zur Fahrtrichtung steht, erübrigt sich dann eine Orientierungshilfe für den Baggerführer zum Aufsuchen der Hauptgrabstellung.While the swivel axis of the mounting bracket according to DE-A-25 58 799 can be brought into any position, in the middle or between the vehicle tracks with the help of the slide - but with considerable structural effort - with the cabin then being parallel to the direction of travel, this is not necessary a guide for the excavator operator to go to the main grave site.

Diese Hauptgrabstellung ist beim Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung dadurch definiert, daß der Oberwagen um einen gewissen Winkel von ungefähr 20 bis 30° gegenüber derThis main grave position is defined in the subject of the present invention in that the superstructure is at a certain angle from about 20 to 30 degrees from

Fahrstellung verschwenkt worden ist, um den Anbauhalter zwischen Fahrspur und Längsmittelachse des Fahrwerkes zu bringen. Als Orientierungshilfe für die Hauptgrabstellung, in der der Baggerführer den Ausleger in die Fahrwerklängsrichtung verschwenken muß, steht ihm eine Kabinenseitenwand sowie eine Rastposition des Fahrersitzes zur Verfügung. Eine zweite Rastposition des Fahrersitzes ist der Fahrstellung zugeordnet, wobei eine zweite Kabinenseitenwand parallel zur Längsmittelachse des Fahrwerkes verläuft. Die erwünschte gute Sicht wird dadurch erreicht, daß die bekannte Querführung für den Anbauhalter-Schlitten fehlt und somit eine unbehinderte Sicht zum Fahrplanum gewährleistet ist. Auch die Rastposition des Fahrersitzes für die Hauptgrabstellung trägt zur guten Sicht unter diesen Arbeitsbedingungen bei.Driving position has been pivoted to bring the mounting bracket between the lane and the longitudinal center axis of the chassis. As an aid to orientation for the main grave position, in which the excavator operator has to pivot the boom in the longitudinal direction of the chassis, he has a cabin side wall and a resting position of the driver's seat. A second detent position of the driver's seat is assigned to the driving position, a second cabin side wall running parallel to the longitudinal center axis of the chassis. The desired good view is achieved in that the known transverse guide for the cultivator slide is missing and thus an unobstructed view of the timetable is guaranteed. The resting position of the driver's seat for the main grave position also contributes to good visibility under these working conditions.

Die den vorbezeichneten Löffelbagger gemäß der Erfindung ausgestaltenden und weiterbildenden Merkmale ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen 2 bis 10.The features which design and further develop the aforementioned backhoe excavator according to the invention result from subclaims 2 to 10.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Löffelbaggers gemäß der Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht auf einen Löffelbagger nach der Erfindung mit in Fahrstellung stehendem Oberwagen,
  • Fig. 2 eine Frontansicht des Baggers in der Stellung nach Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht des Baggers nach Fig. 1 mit in Hauptgrabstellung verschwenktem Oberwagen,
  • Fig. 4, 5 und 6 schematische Draufsichten auf den Löffelbagger nach Fig. 1 - 3 in einer ersten Seitenversatzstellung, in einer zweiten entgegengesetzten Seitenversatzstellung und in der Hauptgrabstellung.
An embodiment of a backhoe according to the invention is explained below with reference to the drawings. Show it
  • 1 is a plan view of a backhoe according to the invention with the uppercarriage in the driving position,
  • 2 is a front view of the excavator in the position shown in FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows a top view of the excavator according to FIG. 1 with the superstructure pivoted in the main grave position,
  • 4, 5 and 6 are schematic top views of the backhoe according to FIGS. 1-3 in a first lateral offset position, in a second opposite lateral offset position and in the main digging position.

Entsprechend Fig. 1 und 2 ist auf einem Fahrgestell 1, das als Raupenantrieb ausgebildet ist, genauso gut aber auch aus einem Räder- und Reifenantrieb bestehen kann, ein um eine erste senkrechte Achse 4 unbegrenzt schwenkbarer Oberwagen 2 gelagert. Die Schwenkbarkeit um 360° wird im allgemeinen mit Hilfe eines an sich bekannten Hauptdrehlagers 3 erreicht, indem hydraulische Durchführungen und Leitungsanschlüsse vorgesehen sind.1 and 2, a superstructure 2, which can be pivoted indefinitely about a first vertical axis 4, is mounted on a chassis 1, which is designed as a caterpillar drive, but can equally well consist of a wheel and tire drive. The pivotability through 360 ° is generally achieved with the aid of a main rotary bearing 3 known per se, in that hydraulic feedthroughs and line connections are provided.

An der Vorderseite des Oberwagens 2 gegenüber dem mit einer kreisbogenförmigen Begrenzungswand ausgebildeten Gegengewicht 38 ist ein Teil der Oberwagenplattform bildender seitlicher Vorsprung 24 vorgesehen, auf dem eine zweite senkrechte Schwenkachse 5 angeordnet ist.On the front of the superstructure 2 opposite the counterweight 38 formed with an arcuate boundary wall, a part of the superstructure platform forming side projection 24 is provided, on which a second vertical pivot axis 5 is arranged.

Um die zweite senkrechte Achse 5 ist ein Anbauhalter 6 schwenkbar, an dem gemäß Fig. 2 ein abgewinkelter Ausleger 8, 9 ein Löffelstiel 10 und ein Grablöffel 11 angeschlossen sind. Der Anbauhalter 6 ist mit oberen und unteren Schwenkzapfen in einem Anbauhalter-Schwenklager 7 gehalten, das von der Plattform des Oberwagens nach vorn ausgehenden und Teil des Vorsprunges 24 bildenden im oberen und unteren Laschen oder Ansätzen besteht. Aus Fig. 1 erkennt man, daß der senkrechte Abstand der zweiten Schwenkachse 5 von der Vorderkante des Oberwagens bzw. von der Kabinenfrontseite 22 ungefähr der halben Breite eines üblichen Grablöffels 11 entspricht, so daß Anbauhalter und Ausleger im wesentlichen parallel vor die Kabinenfrontseite geschwenkt werden können.A mounting bracket 6 can be pivoted about the second vertical axis 5, to which, according to FIG. 2, an angled arm 8, 9, a spoon arm 10 and a digging spoon 11 are connected. The mounting bracket 6 is held with upper and lower pivot pins in a mounting bracket pivot bearing 7, which extends forward from the platform of the superstructure and forms part of the projection 24 in the upper and lower tabs or lugs. From Fig. 1 it can be seen that the vertical distance of the second pivot axis 5 from the front edge of the superstructure or from the cabin front 22 corresponds approximately to half the width of a conventional digging spoon 11, so that the mounting bracket and boom can be pivoted substantially parallel in front of the cabin front .

Weiterhin ergibt sich aus Fig. 2, daß der an den Anbauhaltern 6 anschließende Abschnitt 8 des Auslegers in der eingezeichneten angefalteten Stellung eine Länge besitzt, die sich über die in Fig. 2 an der Stelle 28 eingezeichnete Augenhöhe des Fahrers erstreckt. Zwischen den Auslegerabschnitten 8 und 9, dem Löffelstiel 10 und dem gefüllten Grablöffel 11 verbleibt ein mittlerer Freiraum, hinter dem die Frontseite 22 der Fahrerkabine 20 angeordnet ist, so daß der Fahrer unbehinderte Sicht nach vorn und auf den Boden vor dem Fahrwerk hat.It also follows from FIG. 2 that the section 8 of the boom adjoining the attachment brackets 6 in the drawn-in folded position has a length which extends over the eye level of the driver shown at position 28 in FIG. 2. Between the boom sections 8 and 9, the dipper stick 10 and the filled digging bucket 11, there is a middle free space behind which the front 22 of the driver's cab 20 is arranged, so that the driver has an unobstructed view to the front and the floor in front of the undercarriage.

Während die Hydraulikzylinder zur Betätigung von Ausleger, Löffelstiel und Grabwerkzeug üblicher Bauart und Anordnung sind und deshalb nicht näher beschrieben werden, ist als bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel ein Schwenkwerk des Anbauhalters in Fig. 1 ein Hydraulikzylinder 15 angedeutet, der grundsätzlich auch durch ein anderes Schwenkwerk ersetzt sein könnte. Der Zylinder 15 erstreckt sich innerhalb der Plattform des Oberwagens nach hinten bis zu einer Anlenkstelle 14. Die Kolbenstange 16 steht über einen Lenker 17 mit einem seitlichen Anschlußauge 19 am Anbauhalter 6 in Verbindung und wird durch eine Koppel 18 geführt, die um einen am Vorsprung 24 gelagerten Zapfen 21 schwenkbar ist. Der gezeigte Schwenkantrieb ermöglicht eine Verschwenkung des Auslegers um wenigstens 180° entsprechend Fig. 1, ohne daß dieser Schwenkwinkel jedoch bindend ist. Mit Hilfe dieses Schwenkwinkelbereiches lassen sich die in Fig. 4, 5 und 6 als Beispiel eingezeichneten wesentlichen Arbeitsstellungen ohne weiteres erreichen, und zwar zusätzlich zu der Fahrstellung in Fig. 1.While the hydraulic cylinders for actuating the boom, dipper stick and digging tool are of conventional design and arrangement and are therefore not described in detail, a preferred embodiment is a swivel mechanism of the attachment holder in FIG. 1, which indicates a hydraulic cylinder 15, which in principle could also be replaced by another swivel mechanism . The cylinder 15 extends within the platform of the superstructure to the rear up to a pivot point 14. The piston rod 16 is connected via a link 17 to a lateral connecting eye 19 on the mounting bracket 6 and is guided through a coupling 18 which is connected to a projection 24 mounted pin 21 is pivotable. The swivel drive shown enables the boom to be swiveled by at least 180 ° in accordance with FIG. 1, but without this swivel angle being binding. With the aid of this swivel angle range, the essential working positions shown as an example in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 can be easily achieved, in addition to the driving position in FIG. 1.

In Verbindung mit Fig. 1 und 3 erkennt man die besonderen Beziehungen zwischen den äußeren seitlichen Begrenzungen des Oberwagens 2 und der wichtigen Hauptgrabstellung und Fahrstellung. In der Fahrstellung gemäß Fig. 1 erstreckt sich der an den Vorsprung 24 anschließende Seitenabschnitt 40 des Oberwagens parallel zum Verlauf bzw. zur Kante des (in Fahrtrichtung) rechten Fahrwerks 13. Gleichermaßen erstreckt sich auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Oberwagens ein rückwärtiger Seitenwandabschnitt 48 parallel zum Verlauf des linken Fahrwerkes 12 oder, falls es sich um ein Räderfahrwerk handelt, parallel zu der durch die Räder gebildeten Fahrspur.In connection with FIGS. 1 and 3, one can see the special relationships between the outer lateral boundaries of the superstructure 2 and the important main grave position and driving position. In the driving position according to FIG. 1, the side section 40 of the uppercarriage adjoining the projection 24 extends parallel to the course or to the edge of the right chassis 13 (in the direction of travel). Likewise, on the opposite side of the uppercarriage a rear sidewall section 48 extends parallel to Course of the left chassis 12 or, if it is a wheel chassis, parallel to the lane formed by the wheels.

Gemäß einem besonderen Merkmal des erfindungsgemäßen Baggers erstreckt sich die Fahrerkabine mit einem erheblichen Abschnitt bis über die erste senkrechte Achse 4. Die dem Vorsprung 24 benachbarte Kabinenseitenwand 30 verläuft parallel zum Seitenwandabschnitt 40 des Oberwagens. Hinter und neben der Kabine sind nicht gezeigte, übliche Aufbauten untergebracht, z. B. der Antriebsmotor, Vorratstank, Hydraulikaggregate u.s.w. Entsprechend Fig. 3 ist der Oberwagen 2 in die Hauptgrabstellung verschwenkt, in welcher sich die senkrechte Schwenkachse 5 des Anbauhalters 6 etwa mittig zwischen dem rechten Fahrwerk 13 und der Fahrzeuglängsmittellinie L befindet, jedoch auch noch näher zur Linie L verschwenkt sein könnte. In dieser Schwenkstellung verläuft ein rückwärtiger Teil 46 der Seitenwand des Oberwagens parallel zum Fahrwerk 13 und auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite ein vorderer Seitenwandabschnitt 42 des Seitenwagens parallel zum Fahrwerk 12. Der Schwerpunkt des Gegengewichtes 38 befindet sich in dieser Hauptgrabstellung ungefähr im Bereich der Fahrwerklängsmittellinie L. Um den Oberwagen in die Stellung gemäß Fig. 3 einzustellen, steht dem Fahrer die Kabinenseitenwand 32 zur Verfügung, die parallel zu den Abschnitten 42, 46 des Oberwagens verläuft. Die Kabinenrückwand 34 kann eine beliebige Form erhalten. Zur Vereinfachung der Bedienung besitzt der Fahrersitz 26 eine in den Armlehnen angedeutete integrierte Baggersteuerung. Um in den Hauptstellungen des Oberwagens gemäß Fig .1 und 3 eine unbehinderte Sicht nach vorn beizubehalten, kann der Fahrersitz 26 um eine Achse 36 schwenkbar sein, wobei mindestens je eine Raststellung vorgesehen ist, in welcher der Fahrersitz parallel zur Kabinenseitenwand 30 oder zur gegenüberliegenden Seitenwand 32 verläuft. Zwischen dem Seitenwandabschnitt 42 und der benachbarten Kabinenseitenwand 32 kann ein Trittbrett 44 für den Einstieg in die Kabine und auf den Oberwagen vorgesehen sein. Der in Fig. 1 eingezeichnete vom Gegengewicht 38 auf dem Oberwagen bestimmte Hüllkreis H schließt auch die in Fahrstellung angefaltete Auslegerbaugruppe ein. Bei kleineren Baggertypen kann der Fall eintreten, daß die Auslegerbaugruppe über diesen Hüllkreis H hinausragt, so daß in diesem Fall ein von dieser Baugruppe bestimmter Hüllkreis vorhanden ist, der einen relativ größeren Radius aufweist als die Außenkante des Gegengewichtes 38. Bei beengtem Arbeitsraum wird dann der für die Vorderseite des Oberwagens maßgebliche Hüllkreis zu beachten sein, um das Anstoßen an seitliche Hindernisse zu vermeiden, wenn der Oberwagen z.B. um 180° verschwenkt werden muß. Man erkennt aus Fig. 3, daß die Hauptgrabstellung für die Auslegung und Bemessung des Oberwagens und seiner Standsicherheit maßgeblich ist.According to a special feature of the excavator according to the invention, the driver's cab extends to a considerable section over the first vertical axis 4. The cabin side wall 30 adjacent to the projection 24 runs parallel to the side wall section 40 of the superstructure. Behind and next to the cabin are not shown, conventional structures, z. B. the drive motor, storage tank, hydraulic units, etc. According to Fig. 3, the superstructure 2 is pivoted into the main grave position, in which the vertical pivot axis 5 of the bracket 6 is located approximately in the middle between the right chassis 13 and the vehicle longitudinal center line L, but also closer to Line L could be pivoted. In this pivoting position, a rear part 46 of the side wall of the superstructure runs parallel to the chassis 13 and on the opposite side a front side wall section 42 of the sidecar runs parallel to the chassis 12. In this main grave position, the center of gravity of the counterweight 38 is approximately in the area of the chassis longitudinal center line L. Um To set the uppercarriage into the position according to FIG. 3, the driver has the cabin side wall 32 available, which runs parallel to the sections 42, 46 of the uppercarriage. The cabin rear wall 34 can have any shape. To simplify operation, the driver's seat 26 has an integrated excavator control indicated in the armrests. In order to maintain an unobstructed view to the front in the main positions of the uppercarriage according to FIGS. 1 and 3, the driver's seat 26 can be pivoted about an axis 36, at least one detent position being provided in which the driver's seat parallel to the cabin side wall 30 or to the opposite side wall 32 runs. A footboard 44 for entry into the cabin and onto the superstructure can be provided between the side wall section 42 and the adjacent cabin side wall 32. The envelope circle H shown in FIG. 1 and determined by the counterweight 38 on the superstructure also includes the boom assembly folded in the driving position. In the case of smaller excavator types, the case may arise that the boom assembly protrudes beyond this enveloping circle H, so that in this case there is an enveloping circle determined by this assembly, which has a relatively larger radius than the outer edge of the counterweight 38 for the front of the superstructure, the envelope circle must be observed in order to avoid hitting side obstacles if the superstructure has to be swiveled, for example, by 180 °. From Fig. 3 it can be seen that the main grave position is decisive for the design and dimensioning of the superstructure and its stability.

Claims (11)

1. Mobile shovel excavator with a double- tracked undercarriage having an upper carriage (2) pivotable about a substantially centered axis (4) about 360°, with an operator cab (20) eccentrically mounted on the upper carriage (2), and with an attachment holder (6) pivotable about a vertical axis (5) mounted to the front end of the upper carriage for an assembly consisting of a boom (8, 9), a shovel post (10) and an operational tool, which assembly can be folded together and extends in a lateral pivotal end position laterally in front of the upper carriage,
characterized
in that the axis (5) of the attachment holder (6) is mounted on the side of the platform of the upper carriage averted from the cab (20) on a projection (24) at the front edge (22) of platform of upper carriage, in that a pivotable supported operator seat (26) in the cab (20) has a first snap-in position related to the main excavating position of the upper carriage (2), in which the operator seat (26) and a first sidewall of the cab extend parallel with respect to the longitudinal center axis (L) of the undercarriage (1) while the axis of the attachment holder (6) is disposed within the area between one travel track and the longitudinal center axis (L) of the undercarriage,
and in that the operator seat (26) has a second snap-in position related to the driving position of the upper carriage (2), in which the seat and a second cab sidewall extend parallel to the longitudinal center axis (L) of the undercarriage.
2. Shovel excavator per claim 1, characterized in that the vertical axis (5) of the attachment holder (6) is at a distance from the front edge of the platform of the upper carriage approximately to half the conventional width of an excavating shovel.
3. Shovel excavator per claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the front edge of the upper carriage (2) partially is formed by the front edge (22) of the cab.
4. Shovel excavator per one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the operator cab (20) projects by a substantial segment beyond the first vertical pivot-axis (36) of the upper carriage forwardly in order to allow in the travel position the operator an unhampered view forward on the ground ahead of the undercarriage.
5. Shovel excavator per one of the preceding claims, characterized in that lateral limits of the upper carriage (2) in the travel position and in the main digging position are laterally inside from the outer limits of the undercarriage.
6. Shovel excavator per one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lateral limits of the upper carriage (2) are formed by forward and rearward outer wall sections (40,42 resp. 46, 48) angularly disposed to each other, wherein one of them forming the forward outer wall section (40) and starting from the protection (24), and its opposite rear outer wall section (48) in the travel position are substantially parallel to the adjacent travel track, while in the main digging position the forward outer wall section (42) on the side of the cab and its opposite rear outer wall section (46) extend substantially parallel to the adjacent travel track (13 or 12).
7. Shovel excavator per one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the center of gravity of the counterweight (38) when seen in topview is located approximately in the area of the longitudinal center line of the vehicle when the upper carriage is pivoted into the main digging position.
8. Shovel excavator per one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cab sidewall (30) adjacent to said projection (24) extends parallel to the forward outer wall section (40) starting from said projection of the upper carriage.
9. Shovel excavator per one of the preceding claims wherein the cab sidewall (32) away from the projection (24) extends approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis of the undercarriage and to the neighboring forward outer wall segment (42) and opposite rear outer wall segment (46) of the upper carriage for the latter's main digging position.
10. Shovel excavator according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the upper carriage is provided with two systems for being locked to the undercarriage, by one system of which the travel position is defined by parallelism of the cab sidewall (40) with the longitudinal vehicle axis, and by the other system of which the main digging position is defined by parallelism of the cab sidewall with the longitudinal vehicle axis.
EP84108270A 1983-07-14 1984-07-13 Mobile hydraulic excavator Expired EP0131939B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84108270T ATE33413T1 (en) 1983-07-14 1984-07-13 MOBILE HYDRAULIC BACKHOE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3325405 1983-07-14
DE3325405 1983-07-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0131939A1 EP0131939A1 (en) 1985-01-23
EP0131939B1 true EP0131939B1 (en) 1988-04-06

Family

ID=6203972

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84108270A Expired EP0131939B1 (en) 1983-07-14 1984-07-13 Mobile hydraulic excavator

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US4571147A (en)
EP (1) EP0131939B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6037337A (en)
KR (1) KR850001355A (en)
AT (1) ATE33413T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3425838A1 (en)
NO (1) NO161183C (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6037337A (en) 1985-02-26
KR850001355A (en) 1985-03-18
US4571147A (en) 1986-02-18
NO842865L (en) 1985-01-15
ATE33413T1 (en) 1988-04-15
NO161183C (en) 1989-07-12
JPH0433930B2 (en) 1992-06-04
DE3425838A1 (en) 1985-01-31
EP0131939A1 (en) 1985-01-23
NO161183B (en) 1989-04-03
DE3425838C2 (en) 1991-02-14

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