EP0130892B1 - Deployable anti-tank mine with automatic alignment - Google Patents

Deployable anti-tank mine with automatic alignment Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0130892B1
EP0130892B1 EP84401309A EP84401309A EP0130892B1 EP 0130892 B1 EP0130892 B1 EP 0130892B1 EP 84401309 A EP84401309 A EP 84401309A EP 84401309 A EP84401309 A EP 84401309A EP 0130892 B1 EP0130892 B1 EP 0130892B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mine
cover
ground
face
mine body
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EP84401309A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0130892A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Robert Fauvel
Philippe Rousseau
Pierre Thebault
Daniel Van Schendel
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Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
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Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B23/00—Land mines ; Land torpedoes
    • F42B23/04—Land mines ; Land torpedoes anti-vehicle, e.g. anti-aircraft or anti tank

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dispersible anti-tank mine.
  • Mines of this type are distinguished in particular from buried mines, which can be planted by mechanized laying using suitable machinery; this allows in particular to place the mines very precisely (depth, orientation, ).
  • a first type of dispersible mine has been proposed, of flattened shape, that is to say having a diameter greater than the height: such a mine therefore has two large faces, and a rim narrow device; once on the ground, it rests on one or other of these faces.
  • a reversible arming system is then provided (for example with a tilting member) so that the face turned upwards is always the sensitive face of the mine.
  • Such a mine solves the difficulty of positioning, but does not lend itself to a wide variety of payloads, precisely because of its reversibility. This structure is moreover generally reserved for dispersible mines of small caliber.
  • the rotation means which include an arm (as in FR-A-2 435 690) or a hoop (as in EP-A-0 069 914) mounted on a spring, and which are deployed after impact to straighten the mine in its correct position, the sensitive side facing up.
  • this arm or this hoop does not always ensure perfect positioning, particularly in uneven terrain or in muddy terrain (where they sink) due to their small bearing surface on the ground.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a lead, the deployable member of which is formed by a cover having a contour close to that of the lead body, and covering, in the closed position, the exposed face of it. ci, this cover being articulated to the lead body at a peripheral point of the latter, so that, after a pivoting of about half a turn under the action of the opening means, the cover rests next to the body of mine, the upper face of the cover then being turned downwards and resting on the ground.
  • the cover will thus play a (first) function of widening the support surface on the ground in the open position, which will allow the mine to straighten in all circumstances, even in rough or muddy ground, without risk of sinking or imperfect positioning.
  • the cover comprises a crown extending upwards, in the closed position, the side wall of the mine body, so as to center the center of gravity of the assembly formed by the mine body and its closed cover downwards. to give this assembly, when it rests on the ground, a privileged position of stable equilibrium in which the cover is turned upwards.
  • the bearing face of the lead body is preferably a convex surface of revolution.
  • the cover comprises a continuous surface entirely covering, in the closed position, the exposed face of the lead body, so as to constitute a shield for protecting this exposed face.
  • the cover thus plays, in addition to the two aforementioned functions of decentering the center of gravity (before opening) and widening the bearing surface on the ground (after opening), a third function of protection of the exposed face of the mine body before its opening, i.e. during storage, during dispersion and after impact until the moment of immobilization.
  • the dimensions and the height of the crown define for the latter a shape complementary to that of the bearing face of the lead body, so as to allow a stacking of a plurality of identical mines, the crown of a mine housing, at least partially, the mine body of the adjacent mine.
  • This characteristic thus achieves a fourth function of stacking means, the female shape of the cover being homologous to the male shape of the lead body.
  • This possibility of stacking is all the more advantageous since dispersible mines are, by definition, intended to be used in large numbers; it is therefore desirable to rationalize its storage.
  • the mine comprises means for detecting the impact of the mine on the ground, capable of controlling the operation of the opening means; it also includes delay means, triggered by the impact detector means, to delay the operation of the opening means after the mine has impacted the ground.
  • the mine is advantageously a mine with a formed charge, with a projection of a plate for example, the exposed face of the mine body comprising a concave metal plate forming a projectile and the inner face of which is in direct contact with the explosive charge.
  • This type of mine classic in itself, allows to obtain maximum effects with a reduced amount of explosive: the detonation propagating by radiating from the point of initiation, the metallic plate will begin to deform in the center , at the same time that it will be set in speed, thus achieving a projectile with peak effect.
  • Figure 1 shows the lead body 100 capped by its cover 200, before opening.
  • the mine body 100 comprises an envelope, for example of synthetic material, closed by a metal plate 110 constituting the exposed face of the mine, that is to say that this face is always turned upwards when the mine is in active position.
  • This plate 110 has a generally concave shape, and its inner face is in direct contact with the explosive charge 130, according to a conventional structure for a plate projection mine.
  • the lower face 120 of the mine body which is a bearing face resting on the ground when the mine is in the active position, has a generally convex shape of revolution, with an evolving external profile between the center A of the face and the rim peripheral.
  • the explosive 130 enclosed in the mine body is a charge-explosive, there is also an ignition system 140 comprising, in addition to the pyrotechnic means for initiating the explosive, means (for example electronic) of detection , in particular by influence detection when passing an armored vehicle.
  • the ignition device 140 is preferably programmable and activatable in energy just before the dispersion of the mines.
  • This ignition device 140 also includes means for detecting the impact of the mine on the ground, as well as delay means, triggered by these impact detector means, for delaying the arming of the pyrotechnic chain of the mine after impact. on the ground for a duration corresponding to the maximum foreseeable duration before complete immobilization (it will also be seen later that these retarding means are capable of delaying the opening of the mine lid).
  • the cover 200 is connected to the lead body 100 by an arm 230 articulated between a peripheral point 150 of the lead body and a point 250 of the cover.
  • This articulated arm for example formed by two element 231, 232, is deployable so that, as will be seen later, in the open position the assembly formed by the arm and the cover maintains the exposed face of the lead body in a general horizontal orientation.
  • the cover In the closed position, the cover is locked on the lead body, for example by fitting a hollow part 240 into a projecting part 111 of the exposed face 110; an explosive bolt 112 is then screwed into this projecting part to hold the cover 200 in place.
  • a charge 113 After immobilization of the mine on the ground, and for example on command of the ignition means and timer 140, a charge 113 will be ignited by a detonator 114, thus causing the expulsion of the bolt 112.
  • FIG. 2 represents two positions of the mine immobilized on the ground, before opening: most generally, taking into account the convex shape of the bearing surface 120 and the shift of the center of gravity explained above, the mine rests on the ground in the position shown on the right of Figure 2, that is to say with its bearing face 120 actually in contact with the ground.
  • Opening means which can be mechanical means such as a spring 115, pyrotechnic means, etc. exert on the cover a pivoting torque to move the mine from the closed position of FIG. 2 to an open position ( Figure 3) in which, after a pivoting of about 1/2 turn, the cover 200 rests, turned upside down, next to the lead body 100.
  • the opening of the cover only reveals the exposed face 110 and increases the bearing surface on the ground, thanks to the crown 210 which is then in support on the ground.
  • the dimensions of the articulated arm 230, as well as the amplitude of movement which it allows, are chosen so that the exposed face 110 of the lead body is maintained in a generally horizontal orientation, so that this face, which is the sensitive face , be oriented in the most efficient way.
  • the opening means will exert on the mine body 100 a pivoting torque at least equal to the torque necessary to cause a reversal of this mine body: it is then the cover 200 which remains in abutment on the ground, and the mine body 100 which comes to rest, in a correct orientation, next to the cover.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne une mine antichar dispersable.The present invention relates to a dispersible anti-tank mine.

Les mines de ce type se distinguent en particulier des mines enfouissables, qui peuvent être mises en terre par pose mécanisée au moyen d'engins appropriés; ceci permet en particulier de placer très précisément les mines (profondeur, orientation, ...).Mines of this type are distinguished in particular from buried mines, which can be planted by mechanized laying using suitable machinery; this allows in particular to place the mines very precisely (depth, orientation, ...).

Il n'en est pas de même avec les mines dispersables qui sont au contraire "semées", c'est-à-dire jetées en vrac depuis un point de dispersion situé à une certaine hauteur au-dessus du sol. Les mines tombent ensuite au sol, éventuellement roulent, rebondissent, ... avant de s'immobiliser. C'est alors qu'elles doivent se trouver en position active, c'est-à-dire d'une part armées du point de vue pyrotechnique, et d'autre part correctement orientées par rapport au sol.It is not the same with dispersible mines which are on the contrary "sown", ie thrown in bulk from a point of dispersion located at a certain height above the ground. The mines then fall to the ground, possibly roll, bounce, ... before coming to a stop. It is then that they must be in the active position, that is to say on the one hand armed from the pyrotechnic point of view, and on the other hand correctly oriented with respect to the ground.

Pour permettre cette orientation correcte, il a été proposé un premier type de mine dispersable, de forme aplatie, c'est-à-dire ayant un diamètre supérieur à la hauteur: une telle mine présente donc deux faces de grande dimension, et un rebord périphérique étroit; une fois au sol, elle repose sur l'une ou l'autre de ces faces. On prévoit alors un système réversible d'armement (par exemple avec un organe basculant) pour que la face tournée vers le haut soit toujours la face sensible de la mine. Une telle mine résout la difficulté du positionnement, mais ne se prête par à une grande variété de charges utiles, en raison précisément de sa réversibilité. Cette structure est d'ailleurs en général réservée aux mines dispersables de petit calibre.To allow this correct orientation, a first type of dispersible mine has been proposed, of flattened shape, that is to say having a diameter greater than the height: such a mine therefore has two large faces, and a rim narrow device; once on the ground, it rests on one or other of these faces. A reversible arming system is then provided (for example with a tilting member) so that the face turned upwards is always the sensitive face of the mine. Such a mine solves the difficulty of positioning, but does not lend itself to a wide variety of payloads, precisely because of its reversibility. This structure is moreover generally reserved for dispersible mines of small caliber.

Un autre type de mine dispersable comprend:

  • - un corps de mine, avec une charge explosive enfermée dans une enveloppe de forme générale aplatie, comprenant une face d'appui et une face exposée, la face d'appui étant en contact avec le sol et la face exposée étant tournée vers le haut lorsque la mine repose au sol en position active,
  • - des moyens de retournement du corps de mine, comprenant:
    • . un organe déployable, relié au corps de mine,
    • . des moyens de verrouillage de cet organe déployable en position contre le corps de mine, et
    • . des moyens d'ouverture, propres à exercer sur l'organe déployable, après libération des moyens de verrouillage, un couple de pivotement pour le faire passer de la position contre le corps de mine à une position déployée, le couple de pivotement étant au moins égal au couple nécessaire pour provoquer un retournement du corps de mine, au cas où celui-ci reposerait, avant ouverture, avec sa face d'appui tournée vers le haut.
Another type of dispersible mine includes:
  • - a mine body, with an explosive charge enclosed in an envelope of generally flattened shape, comprising a bearing face and an exposed face, the bearing face being in contact with the ground and the exposed face being turned upwards when the mine is lying on the ground in an active position,
  • - means for turning the mine body, comprising:
    • . a deployable member, connected to the mine body,
    • . means for locking this deployable member in position against the mine body, and
    • . opening means, capable of exerting on the deployable member, after release of the locking means, a pivoting torque to move it from the position against the lead body to a deployed position, the pivoting torque being at least equal to the torque necessary to cause the mine body to overturn, in the event that it rests, before opening, with its bearing face facing upwards.

Le positionnement correct y est assuré par les moyens de rotournement, qui comprennent un bras (comme dans le FR-A-2 435 690) ou un arceau (comme dans le EP-A-0 069 914) montés sur ressort, et qui sont déployés après l'impact pour redresser la mine dans sa position correcte, la face sensible tournée vers le haut. Ce bras ou cet arceau n'assurent cependant pas toujours un positionnement parfait, notamment en terrain accidenté ou en terrain boueux (où ils s'enfoncent) en raison de leur faible surface d'appui au sol.Correct positioning is ensured by the rotation means, which include an arm (as in FR-A-2 435 690) or a hoop (as in EP-A-0 069 914) mounted on a spring, and which are deployed after impact to straighten the mine in its correct position, the sensitive side facing up. However, this arm or this hoop does not always ensure perfect positioning, particularly in uneven terrain or in muddy terrain (where they sink) due to their small bearing surface on the ground.

L'invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients, en proposant une mine dont l'organe déployable est formé par un couvercle ayant un contour voisin de celui du corps de mine, et coiffant, en position fermée, la face exposée d celui-ci, ce couvercle étant articulé au corps de mine en un point périphérique de ce dernier, de sorte que, après un pivotement d'environ un demi-tour sous l'action des moyens d'ouverture, le couvercle repose à côté du corps de mine, la face supérieure du couvercle étant alors tournée vers le bas et en appui au sol.The object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a lead, the deployable member of which is formed by a cover having a contour close to that of the lead body, and covering, in the closed position, the exposed face of it. ci, this cover being articulated to the lead body at a peripheral point of the latter, so that, after a pivoting of about half a turn under the action of the opening means, the cover rests next to the body of mine, the upper face of the cover then being turned downwards and resting on the ground.

Le couvercle va ainsi jouer une (première) fonction d'élargissement de la surface d'appui au sol en position ouverte, qui va permettre à la mine de se redresser en toutes circonstances, même en terrain accidenté ou boueux, sans risque d'enfoncement ou de positionnement imparfait.The cover will thus play a (first) function of widening the support surface on the ground in the open position, which will allow the mine to straighten in all circumstances, even in rough or muddy ground, without risk of sinking or imperfect positioning.

De préférence, le couvercle comprend une couronne prolongeant vers le haut, en position fermée, la paroi latérale du corps de mine, de manière à décentrer vers le bas le centre de gravité de l'ensemble formé par le corps de mine et son couvercle fermé pour donner à cet ensemble, lorsqu'il repose sur le sol, une position privilégiée d'équilibre stable dans laquelle le couvercle est tourné vers le haut. Dans ce cas, la face d'appui du corps de mine est de préférence une surface convexe de révolution.Preferably, the cover comprises a crown extending upwards, in the closed position, the side wall of the mine body, so as to center the center of gravity of the assembly formed by the mine body and its closed cover downwards. to give this assembly, when it rests on the ground, a privileged position of stable equilibrium in which the cover is turned upwards. In this case, the bearing face of the lead body is preferably a convex surface of revolution.

De cette manière, l'équilibre autour de la bonne position (face exposée vers le haut) est rendu très stable, le décentrement du centre de gravité créant une tendance à basculer dans cette position et non dans la position inverse lorsque la mine se trouve par exemple en contact (instable) avec le sol par sa face latérale, ou lorsqu'elle roule ou rebondit sur le sol avant immobilisation.In this way, the balance around the right position (exposed side up) is made very stable, the decentering of the center of gravity creating a tendency to tilt in this position and not in the reverse position when the mine is located by example in contact (unstable) with the ground by its lateral face, or when it rolls or bounces on the ground before immobilization.

Avantageusement, le couvercle comprend une surface continue recouvrant entièrement, en position fermée, la face exposée du corps de mine, de manière à constituer un bouclier de protection de cette face exposée.Advantageously, the cover comprises a continuous surface entirely covering, in the closed position, the exposed face of the lead body, so as to constitute a shield for protecting this exposed face.

Le couvercle joue ainsi, outre les deux fonctions précitées de décentrement du centre de gravité (avant ouverture) et d'élargissement de la surface d'appui au sol (aprés ouverture), une troisième fonction de protection de la face exposée du corps de mine avant son ouverture, c'est-à-dire pendant le stockage, pendant la dispersion et après impact jusqu'au moment de l'immobilisation.The cover thus plays, in addition to the two aforementioned functions of decentering the center of gravity (before opening) and widening the bearing surface on the ground (after opening), a third function of protection of the exposed face of the mine body before its opening, i.e. during storage, during dispersion and after impact until the moment of immobilization.

Avantageusement également, les dimensions et la hauteur de la couronne définissent pour celle-ci une forme complémentaire de celle de la face d'appui du corps de mine, de manière à permettre un empilement d'une pluralité de mines identiques, la couronne d'une mine logeant, au moins partiellement, le corps de mine de la mine adjacente.Advantageously also, the dimensions and the height of the crown define for the latter a shape complementary to that of the bearing face of the lead body, so as to allow a stacking of a plurality of identical mines, the crown of a mine housing, at least partially, the mine body of the adjacent mine.

Cette caractéristique réalise ainsi une quatrième fonction de moyen d'empilement, la forme femelle du couvercle étant homologue de la forme mâle du corps de mine. Cette possibilté d'empilement est d'autant plus intéressante que les mines dispersables sont, par définition, destinées à être utilisées en grand nombre; il est donc souhaitable d'en rationaliser le stockage.This characteristic thus achieves a fourth function of stacking means, the female shape of the cover being homologous to the male shape of the lead body. This possibility of stacking is all the more advantageous since dispersible mines are, by definition, intended to be used in large numbers; it is therefore desirable to rationalize its storage.

De préférence, la mine comprend des moyens détecteurs d'impact de la mine sur le sol, aptes à commander le fonctionnement des moyens d'ouverture; elle comprend également des moyens retardateurs, déclenchés par les moyens détecteurs d'impact, pour temporiser le fonctionnement des moyens d'ouverture après impact de la mine sur le sol.Preferably, the mine comprises means for detecting the impact of the mine on the ground, capable of controlling the operation of the opening means; it also includes delay means, triggered by the impact detector means, to delay the operation of the opening means after the mine has impacted the ground.

Ceci permet de temporiser l'ouverture du couvercle, ainsi que l'armement de la chaîne pyrotechnique du corps de mine, pendant une durée au moins égale à la durée maximale susceptible de s'écouler entre l'impact au sol et l'immobilisation totale de la mine (cette durée dépendant elle-même de l'altitude du point de dispersion, de la nature du sol, ...).This makes it possible to delay the opening of the cover, as well as the arming of the pyrotechnic chain of the mine body, for a period at least equal to the maximum period which may elapse between the impact on the ground and the total immobilization of the mine (this duration itself depends on the altitude of the point of dispersion, the nature of the soil, ...).

Enfin, la mine est avantageusement une mine à charge formée, à projection de plaque par exemple, la face exposée du corps de mine comprenant une assiette métallique concave formant projectile et dont la face intérieure est en contact direct avec la charge explosive. Ce type de mine, classique en lui-même, permet d'obtenir des effets maximaux avec une quantité reduite d'explosif: la détonation se propageant en rayonnant à partir du point d'initiation, l'assiette métallique commencera à se déformer au centre, en même temps qu'elle sera mise en vitesse, réalisant ainsi un projectile à effet de pointe.Finally, the mine is advantageously a mine with a formed charge, with a projection of a plate for example, the exposed face of the mine body comprising a concave metal plate forming a projectile and the inner face of which is in direct contact with the explosive charge. This type of mine, classic in itself, allows to obtain maximum effects with a reduced amount of explosive: the detonation propagating by radiating from the point of initiation, the metallic plate will begin to deform in the center , at the same time that it will be set in speed, thus achieving a projectile with peak effect.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée ci-dessous, faite en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels:

  • . la figure 1 est une vue en coupe de la mine selon l'invention, reposant au sol avec sa face exposée tournée vers le haut, et avant ouverture,
  • . la figure 2 montre deux positions possibles de mines, avant l'ouverture,
  • . la figure 3 montre la mine après ouverture, en position active.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description below, made with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • . FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the mine according to the invention, resting on the ground with its exposed face facing upwards, and before opening,
  • . FIG. 2 shows two possible mine positions, before opening,
  • . Figure 3 shows the mine after opening, in the active position.

La figure 1 montre le corps de mine 100 coiffé par son couvercle 200, avant ouverture.Figure 1 shows the lead body 100 capped by its cover 200, before opening.

Le corps de mine 100 comprend une enveloppe, par exemple en matériau synthétique, fermée par une assiette métallique 110 constituant la face exposée de la mine, c'est-à-dire que cette face est toujours tournée vers le haut lorsque la mine est en position active. Cette assiette 110 a une forme générale concave, et sa face intérieure est en contact direct avec la charge explosive 130, selon une structure classique pour une mine à projection de plaque.The mine body 100 comprises an envelope, for example of synthetic material, closed by a metal plate 110 constituting the exposed face of the mine, that is to say that this face is always turned upwards when the mine is in active position. This plate 110 has a generally concave shape, and its inner face is in direct contact with the explosive charge 130, according to a conventional structure for a plate projection mine.

La face inférieure 120 du corps de mine, qui est une face d'appui reposant au sol lorsque la mine est en position active, a une forme générale convexe de révolution, avec un profil extérieur évolutif entre le centre A de la face et le rebord périphérique.The lower face 120 of the mine body, which is a bearing face resting on the ground when the mine is in the active position, has a generally convex shape of revolution, with an evolving external profile between the center A of the face and the rim peripheral.

L'explosif 130 enfermé dans le corps de mine est un explosif à charge formée, il est également prévu un système d'allumage 140 comprenant, outre les moyens pyrotechniques d'initiation de l'explosif, des moyens (par exemple électroniques) de détection, notamment de détection par influence au passage d'un véhicule blindé. Le dispositif d'allumage 140 est de préférence programmable et activable en énergie juste avant la dispersion des mines.The explosive 130 enclosed in the mine body is a charge-explosive, there is also an ignition system 140 comprising, in addition to the pyrotechnic means for initiating the explosive, means (for example electronic) of detection , in particular by influence detection when passing an armored vehicle. The ignition device 140 is preferably programmable and activatable in energy just before the dispersion of the mines.

Ce dispositif d'allumage 140 comprend également des moyens détecteurs d'impact de la mine sur le sol, ainsi que des moyens retardateurs, déclenchés par ces moyens détecteurs d'impact, pour temporiser l'armement de la chaîne pyrotechnique de la mine après impact sur le sol d'une durée correspondant à la durée maximale prévisible avant immobilisation complète (on verra également par la suite que ces moyens retardateurs sont aptes à temporiser l'ouverture de couvercle de la mine).This ignition device 140 also includes means for detecting the impact of the mine on the ground, as well as delay means, triggered by these impact detector means, for delaying the arming of the pyrotechnic chain of the mine after impact. on the ground for a duration corresponding to the maximum foreseeable duration before complete immobilization (it will also be seen later that these retarding means are capable of delaying the opening of the mine lid).

Le couvercle 200 comprend une surface 220 recouvrant entièrement, en position fermée, la face exposée 110 du corps de mine; cette surface, qui s'étend généralement radialement, est prolongée axialement vers le haut par une couronne 210 de forme générale cylindrique, qui permet:

  • . de maximiser la surface d'appui au sol de la mine lorsque le couvercle sera déployé,
  • . de décentrer le centre de gravité G de la mine en position fermée: en effet, la couronne 210 donne au couvercle une hauteur importante, sans pour autant accroître son poids: de ce fait, le poids du couvercle 200 sera très inférieur à celui du corps de mine 100, et le centre de gravité G de l'ensemble corps de mine- couvercle en position fermée sera beaucoup plus proche du sommet A du corps de mine que du sommet B du couvercle,
  • . de donner à la surface supérieure 211 du couvercle une forme femelle homologue de la surface mâle inférieure 120 du corps de mine, de manière à rendre les mines empilables.
The cover 200 comprises a surface 220 entirely covering, in the closed position, the exposed face 110 of the lead body; this surface, which generally extends radially, is extended axially upwards by a crown 210 of generally cylindrical shape, which allows:
  • . to maximize the mine's surface on the ground when the cover is deployed,
  • . to offset the center of gravity G of the mine in the closed position: in fact, the crown 210 gives the lid a significant height, without increasing its weight: therefore, the weight of the lid 200 will be much less than that of the body 100, and the center of gravity G of the mine body-cover assembly in the closed position will be much closer to the top A of the mine body than to the top B of the cover,
  • . to give the upper surface 211 of the cover a female shape homologous to the lower male surface 120 of the mine body, so as to make the mines stackable.

Le couvercle 200 est relié au corps de mine 100 par un bras 230 articulé entre un point périphérique 150 du corps de mine et un point 250 du couvercle. Ce bras articulé, par exemple formé de deux élément 231, 232, est déployable de telle sorte que, comme on le verra par la suite, en position ouverte l'ensemble formé par le bras et le couvercle maintienne la face exposée du corps de mine dans une orientation générale horizontale.The cover 200 is connected to the lead body 100 by an arm 230 articulated between a peripheral point 150 of the lead body and a point 250 of the cover. This articulated arm, for example formed by two element 231, 232, is deployable so that, as will be seen later, in the open position the assembly formed by the arm and the cover maintains the exposed face of the lead body in a general horizontal orientation.

En position fermée, le couvercle est verrouillé sur le corps de mine, par exemple par emboîtement d'une partie creuse 240 dans une partie saillante 111 de la face exposée 110; un boulon explosif 112 est alors vissé dans cette partie saillante pour retenir en place le couvercle 200. Après immobilisation de la mine au sol, et par exemple sur commande des moyens d'allumage et de temporisation 140, une charge 113 sera allumée par un détonateur 114, provoquant ainsi l'expulsion du boulon 112.In the closed position, the cover is locked on the lead body, for example by fitting a hollow part 240 into a projecting part 111 of the exposed face 110; an explosive bolt 112 is then screwed into this projecting part to hold the cover 200 in place. After immobilization of the mine on the ground, and for example on command of the ignition means and timer 140, a charge 113 will be ignited by a detonator 114, thus causing the expulsion of the bolt 112.

La figure 2 représente deux positions de la mine immobilisée au sol, avant ouverture: le plus généralement, compte tenu de la forme convexe de la surface d'appui 120 et du décentrement du centre de gravité expliqué plus haut, la mine repose au sol dans la position représentée à droite de la figure 2, c'est-à-dire avec sa face d'appui 120 effectivement en contact avec le sol.FIG. 2 represents two positions of the mine immobilized on the ground, before opening: most generally, taking into account the convex shape of the bearing surface 120 and the shift of the center of gravity explained above, the mine rests on the ground in the position shown on the right of Figure 2, that is to say with its bearing face 120 actually in contact with the ground.

Il peut arriver cependant, bien que plus rarement, que la mine s'immobilise dans la position représentée à gauche de la figure 2, c'est-à-dire avec sa face d'appui 120 tournée vers le haut et donc le couvercle 200 reposant au sol.However, it may happen, although more rarely, that the mine comes to a standstill in the position shown on the left in FIG. 2, that is to say with its support face 120 turned upwards and therefore the cover 200 resting on the ground.

Après temporisation, le boulon explosif 112 est explusé, déverrouillant ainsi le couvercle. Des moyens d'ouverture qui peuvent être des moyens mécaniques tels qu'un ressort 115, des moyens pyrotechniques, ... exercent sur le couvercle un couple de pivotement pour faire passer la mine de la position fermée de la figure 2 à une position ouverte (figure 3) dans laquelle, après un pivotement d'environ 1/2 tour, le couvercle 200 repose, retourné, à côté du corps de mine 100.After time delay, the explosive bolt 112 is exploded, thus unlocking the cover. Opening means which can be mechanical means such as a spring 115, pyrotechnic means, etc. exert on the cover a pivoting torque to move the mine from the closed position of FIG. 2 to an open position (Figure 3) in which, after a pivoting of about 1/2 turn, the cover 200 rests, turned upside down, next to the lead body 100.

Si la mine reposait déjà avec sa face d'appui en contact avec le sol (figure 2 à droite) l'ouverture du couvercle ne fait que découvrir la face exposée 110 et accroître la surface d'appui au sol, grâce à la couronne 210 qui est alors en appui au sol. Les dimensions du bras articulé 230, ainsi que l'amplitude de mouvement qui lui est permise, sont choisies de manière que la face exposée 110 du corps de mine soit maintenue dans une orientation générale horizontale, pour que cette face, qui est la face sensible, soit orientée de la façon la plus efficace.If the mine was already resting with its bearing face in contact with the ground (Figure 2 on the right), the opening of the cover only reveals the exposed face 110 and increases the bearing surface on the ground, thanks to the crown 210 which is then in support on the ground. The dimensions of the articulated arm 230, as well as the amplitude of movement which it allows, are chosen so that the exposed face 110 of the lead body is maintained in a generally horizontal orientation, so that this face, which is the sensitive face , be oriented in the most efficient way.

Si par contre la mine s'était immobilisée au sol à l'envers (figure 2 à gauche), les moyens d'ouverture vont exercer sur le corps de mine 100 un couple de pivotement au moins égal au couple nécessaire pour provoquer un retournement de ce corps de mine: c'est alors le couvercle 200 qui reste en appui au sol, et le corps de mine 100 qui vient reposer, dans une orientation correcte, à côté du couvercle.If, on the other hand, the mine was immobilized on the ground upside down (FIG. 2 on the left), the opening means will exert on the mine body 100 a pivoting torque at least equal to the torque necessary to cause a reversal of this mine body: it is then the cover 200 which remains in abutment on the ground, and the mine body 100 which comes to rest, in a correct orientation, next to the cover.

Claims (10)

1. A mine of the depolyable type, comprising:
- mine body (100), with an explosive charge (130) enclosed in a casing of generally flattened shape, comprising a support face (120) and an exposed face (110), the support face being in contact with the ground and the exposed face being directed upwards when the mine rests on the ground in the active position,
- means for turning the mine body over, comprising:
. a deployable member, connected to the mine body,
. means (112) for locking this deployable member in position against the mine body, and
. opening means (115), able to exert a pivoting torque on the deployable member, after the release of the locking means, in order to cause it to pass from the position against the mine body into a deployed position, the pivoting torque being at least equal to the torque necessary for causing the body of the mine to turn over, in the case where the latter might be resting with its support face directed upwards, before opening,

characterised in that the deployable member is formed by a cover (200) having a contour similar to that of the mine body and in the closed position covering the exposed side of the latter, this cover being pivoted on the mine body at a peripheral point (150) of the latter so that, after pivoting by approximately one half turn under the action of the opening means, the cover rests beside the mine body, the upper side of the cover then being directed downwards and resting on the ground.
2. A mine according to Claim 1, characterised in that the cover comprises a crown (210) extending the side wall of the mine body upwards, in the closed position, in order to lower the centre of gravity of the arrangement (100, 200) formed by the mine body and its cover which is closed in order to give this arrangement, when it rests on the ground, a priviledged position of stable equilibrium in which the cover is directed upwards.
3. A mine according to Claim 2, characterised in that the support face of the mine body is a convex surface of revolution.
4. A mine according to Claim 2, characterised in that the dimensions and height of the crown define for the latter a shape (211) complementing that of the support face of the mine body, in order to allow a plurality of identical mines to be stacked, the crown of one mine accommodating the mine body of the adjacent mine at least partly.
5. A mine according to Claim 1, characterised in that the cover comprises a continuous surface (220) completely covering the exposed face of the mine body, in the closed position, in order to constitute a shield for protecting this exposed face.
6. A mine according to Claim 1, characterised in that it comprises means for detecting the impact of the mine on the ground, able to control the operation of the opening means.
7. A mine according to Claim 6, characterised in that it comprises delay means, triggered by the impact detection means, in order to delay the operation of the opening means after the impact of the mine on the ground.
8. A mine according to Claim 1, characterised in that the mine is a mine having a formed charge and with projection of a plate, the exposed face of the mine body comprising a concave metal plate forming a projectile and whereof the inner face is in direct contact with the explosive charge.
9. A mine according to Claim 1, characterised in that the cover is connected to the mine body by a pivoted arm (230), which can be deployed so that, in the open position, the arrangement formed by the arm and the cover keeps the exposed face of the mine body in a general horizontal orientation.
10. A mine according to Claim 1, characterised in that the locking means are pyrotechnic means (112,113,114) comprising an explosive bolt (112) for retaining the cover, keeping the latter connected to the mine body in the closed position.
EP84401309A 1983-06-27 1984-06-22 Deployable anti-tank mine with automatic alignment Expired EP0130892B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8310573A FR2547911B1 (en) 1983-06-27 1983-06-27 DISPERSABLE ANTICHAR MINE WITH AUTOMATIC POSITIONING
FR8310573 1983-06-27

Publications (2)

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EP0130892A1 EP0130892A1 (en) 1985-01-09
EP0130892B1 true EP0130892B1 (en) 1987-07-01

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US (1) US4580499A (en)
EP (1) EP0130892B1 (en)
CA (1) CA1222656A (en)
DE (1) DE3464521D1 (en)
ES (1) ES533708A0 (en)
FR (1) FR2547911B1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT207899Z2 (en) * 1986-03-25 1988-02-22 Valsella Meccanotecnica Spa SAFETY DEVICE USABLE FOR THE ACTIVATION OF MILL SEEDS
US7220257B1 (en) 2000-07-25 2007-05-22 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Cryotreatment device and method
US9032878B1 (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-05-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Obscurant generating, ground-based, networked munition

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2071271A5 (en) * 1969-12-23 1971-09-17 Serat Parachute anti-tank mine - with braking surfaces
FR2448708B1 (en) * 1972-02-11 1985-06-14 France Etat FORMED LOAD MINE
FR2435690B1 (en) * 1978-09-07 1985-11-08 Alsetex DEVICE FOR THE ORIENTED LAYING OF A TERRESTRIAL MINE
FR2475716B2 (en) * 1980-02-11 1985-11-29 France Etat BIDIRECTIONAL DISPERSABLE MINE WITH FORMED LOAD
DE3127602A1 (en) * 1981-07-13 1983-02-17 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf ACTIVE SUBSTANCE UNIT TO APPLY FROM A CONTAINER OVER A TARGET AREA

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3464521D1 (en) 1987-08-06
FR2547911A1 (en) 1984-12-28
US4580499A (en) 1986-04-08
EP0130892A1 (en) 1985-01-09
FR2547911B1 (en) 1985-12-13
ES8506162A1 (en) 1985-07-01
ES533708A0 (en) 1985-07-01
CA1222656A (en) 1987-06-09

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