EP0811823A1 - Explosive projectile - Google Patents

Explosive projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0811823A1
EP0811823A1 EP97401221A EP97401221A EP0811823A1 EP 0811823 A1 EP0811823 A1 EP 0811823A1 EP 97401221 A EP97401221 A EP 97401221A EP 97401221 A EP97401221 A EP 97401221A EP 0811823 A1 EP0811823 A1 EP 0811823A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
explosive
sub
assemblies
active material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97401221A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0811823B1 (en
Inventor
Dominique Devaux
Bertrand Padiolleau
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Giat Industries SA
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Giat Industries SA
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Publication of EP0811823A1 publication Critical patent/EP0811823A1/en
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Publication of EP0811823B1 publication Critical patent/EP0811823B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B12/48—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances smoke-producing, e.g. infrared clouds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • F42B12/24—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction with grooves, recesses or other wall weakenings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/44—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information of incendiary type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an explosive projectile adapted to project active material.
  • the active material can consist of a material generating splinters, for example a wall or a pre-fragmented envelope, an incendiary material or a smoke-producing material.
  • Numerous types of explosive projectile are known which are suitable for projecting active material, containing at least one explosive charge, means for initiating the explosive charge and the active material.
  • the explosive charge and the active material are arranged concentrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the projectile.
  • This arrangement allows a projectile of even small caliber to carry a significant amount of explosive charge and active material, this amount being proportional to the useful length of the projectile.
  • This conventional projectile has the main drawback that the active material is projected radially in all directions around the axis of the projectile, so that a small part of this active material is really useful against a point target.
  • a projectile of the aforementioned type comprising means for flattening the envelope disposed substantially on the periphery thereof and covering at least one angularly limited sector relative to the axis, as well as means for detecting the direction of a target relative to the axis associated with the flattening means to selectively cause a flattening of the envelope and of the load substantially opposite said target .
  • the flattening of the envelope and of the charge has the effect of ensuring the projection of the fragments of the flattened zone of the envelope in a direction substantially perpendicular to this flattening, which ensures the desired concentration of the fragments in the direction of the target.
  • An explosive projectile is also known in which the explosive charge and the active material are concentrated over the entire cross section of the projectile, for example at the front thereof. It is thus possible to obtain a spray of frontal or hemispherical active material according to the arrangement of the explosive charge.
  • the respective quantities of explosive charge and of active material carried by the projectile are low insofar as this charge and this material are arranged in the cross section of the projectile over a short axial length of the latter.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks of known explosive projectiles, and to propose an explosive projectile of the aforementioned type capable of carrying significant respective amounts of explosive charge and of active material relative to the caliber of said projectile, while being also capable of projecting the active ingredient substantially in a single direction.
  • the explosive projectile targeted by the invention is an explosive projectile of the aforementioned type containing means for concentrating at least part of the active material towards a target during the explosion of said explosive charge.
  • this projectile is characterized in that the explosive charge and the active material are arranged in sub-assemblies each mounted on a support, each support being mounted movably relative to the body of the projectile, and in that said projectile comprises means for passing each sub-assembly from a position retracted inside the projectile to a deployed position relative to the body of the projectile, the respective deployed positions of the various sub-assemblies being predetermined so that during from the explosion of the explosive charge, the active material contained in the various sub-assemblies is projected substantially in the same direction.
  • An explosive projectile is thus obtained in which the explosive charge and the active material can be placed over the useful length of the projectile and thus represent significant quantities relative to the caliber of said projectile.
  • These large quantities of explosive charge and of active material can be used extremely effectively against a target as long as this target is in the direction in which the active material contained in the various sub-assemblies is projected.
  • each sub-assembly is produced substantially in the form of a cylindrical sector pivotally mounted so as to pivot radially outward relative to the body of the projectile.
  • Each sector-shaped subassembly can thus have a length in the direction of the projectile axis equal to the useful dimension of the latter, which makes it possible to project, in the chosen direction, a maximum quantity of active material, account given the diameter of the projectile.
  • the sub-assemblies in the form of a cylindrical sector are identical, are distributed regularly around the axis of the projectile, and are adapted to pivot about 90 degrees relative to the body of the projectile. It is thus possible to achieve a significant concentration of the active material projected substantially in the direction of the axis of the projectile.
  • the explosive projectile comprises a programmable rocket comprising means for controlling or prohibiting the deployment of the various sub-assemblies.
  • the projectile is thus capable of achieving a concentration of the active material in the direction of the axis of the projectile, or of functioning as a conventional explosive projectile with radial projection of said active material.
  • the explosive projectile 1 contains an explosive charge 2, means 3 for initiating the explosive charge 2, the active material 4, and means 5 for concentrating at least a portion active ingredient 4 towards a target when the explosive charge 2 explodes.
  • the explosive charge 2 and the active material 4 are arranged in sub-assemblies 5 each mounted on a support 6.
  • Each support 6 is movably mounted relative to the body 7 of the projectile 1.
  • the projectile comprises in in addition to means for passing each sub-assembly 5 from a retracted position inside the projectile 1 to a deployed position relative to the body 7 of the projectile.
  • the respective deployed positions of the various sub-assemblies 5 are predetermined in such a way that during the explosion of the explosive charge 2, the active material 4 contained in the various sub-assemblies 5 is projected in substantially the same direction.
  • This common direction is advantageously the direction of the axis 8 of the projectile 1.
  • each sub-assembly 5 is produced substantially in the form of a cylindrical sector pivotally mounted about an axis 9 relative to the body 7 of the projectile 1, so as to pivot radially outwards relative to the body 7 of the projectile 1.
  • each sub-assembly 5 In its retracted position inside the body 7 of the projectile 1 (see FIGS. 1 and 3), each sub-assembly 5 extends axially substantially over the entire useful length of said body 7.
  • the subassemblies 5 in the form of cylindrical sectors are identical, are distributed regularly around the axis 8 of the projectile 1, and are adapted to pivot about 90 degrees relative to the body 7.
  • each sub-assembly 5 consists of a support 6 forming the base wall, an initiating means 3, explosive material 2 and active material 4.
  • the support 6 for example made of thermoplastic material, consists of two side walls 11, 12 directed substantially radially when the sub-assembly 5 is in its folded position inside the body 7.
  • the two side walls 11 and 12 are separated by an inner cylindrical wall sector 13.
  • the support 6 is limited at its front and rear axial ends by end walls 14, 15 substantially in the form of circular sectors.
  • the support 6 thus has a general shape of a bowl.
  • Each sub-assembly 5 comprises, in its concave part, an explosive 2, an initiating means 3 of the explosive 2, and an active material 4 disposed radially outside the explosive 2 when the sub-assembly is in its folded position in Figure 3.
  • Explosive 2 is for example a compressed explosive, which can be octoviton or hexocire.
  • the priming means 3 can be a detonating cord.
  • the active material 4 can be a material generating splinters, an incendiary material, or a smoke-producing material.
  • a splinter-generating material is known, known in itself, for example a pre-fragmented metal coating or an organic matrix loaded with beads, which constitutes the outer wall 4 in the form of a cylindrical sector of each sub- together 5.
  • the subassemblies 5 are articulated on the body 7 of the projectile 1 at their rear end 5a relative to the direction 10 of movement of the projectile 1.
  • the subassemblies 5 are found in the deployed position shown in Figures 2 and 4, the supports 6 being directed substantially radially.
  • the detonation of the explosive 2 projects the splinters in the direction opposite to the support 6, perpendicular to the latter, that is to say in the direction of the arrow 16 which is opposite to the direction of the arrow 10.
  • the explosive projectile 1 comprises means for adjusting the maximum pivot angle of the various sub-assemblies 5.
  • These means are conventional means, for example stops, which can be adjusted by the user before projectile 1 leaves.
  • Projectile 1 includes a programmable rocket 17 which conventionally controls the firing of explosive charges.
  • This programmable rocket 17 also comprises means, shown diagrammatically at 18 and known in themselves, for controlling or prohibiting the deployment of the various sub-assemblies 5.
  • This rocket 17 can be programmed before firing or on trajectory. It will be understood that it is also possible not to order the deployment of the sub-assemblies. Under these conditions, the firing of the explosive charge of each sub-assembly 5 projects the different fragments substantially radially, and the explosive projectile behaves like a conventional projectile by projecting a lateral burst of fragments, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 5 In this case, only the part of the sheaf of shards included in the angular sector defined by the arrow 25 constitutes the part of this sheaf useful against the target 19.
  • the explosive projectile when the sub-assemblies 5 are deployed, the explosive projectile generates a rear frontal spray concentrated on the target 19, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 6.
  • the body 7 of the projectile 1 comprises a central edge 20 which supports the pivot axes 9 and the various sub-assemblies 5 in their retracted position.
  • Flanges 21 are integral with the edge 20 and have the function of stiffening the structure of the body 7 and possibly of accommodating stabilizing fins 22 deployable radially in the particular case depicted of a stabilized stabilizer projectile (see Figures 1 and 2).
  • the deployment of the sub-assemblies 5 can be triggered by any pyrotechnic means generating gas schematically at 23, or by a mechanical spring system or equivalent.
  • any pyrotechnic means generating gas schematically at 23, or by a mechanical spring system or equivalent.
  • the aerodynamic forces exerted on the sub-assemblies 5 which have started to deploy act on these sub-assemblies to force them to fully deploy.
  • the projectile could comprise two sub-assemblies of substantially semi-cylindrical shape articulated along pivot axes parallel to the axis of the projectile and adjacent to each other to deploy circumferentially in two opposite directions so as to be able project the active ingredient in a radial, substantially horizontal direction.
  • the sub-assemblies could be mounted on supports which can move radially with respect to the axis of the projectile so as to deploy radially in order to project the active material substantially axially.
  • the payload of the projectile in explosive and in active material is essentially a function of the length of the projectile and not simply of its caliber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

An explosive projectile (1), designed to discharge an active material (4) such as shrapnel, an incendiary or smoke-generating substance, has at least one explosive charge (2) and a system for concentrating at least part of the active material in the direction of a target when the explosive charge is detonated. The explosive charges and active material are carried by sub-assemblies (5) mounted on supports (6) which can move relative to the body (7) of the projectile. The projectile has a system (23) for deploying the sub-assemblies into positions outside the body of the projectile so that when the explosive charges are detonated the active material is discharged basically in one direction, e.g. axially. The sub-assemblies are in the shape of sections of a cylinder which are deployed outwards on hinges (9) through an angle of about 90 degrees . The projectile also has stabilising fins (22) which are deployed radially between the sub-assemblies.

Description

L'invention concerne un projectile explosif adapté à projeter de la matière active.The invention relates to an explosive projectile adapted to project active material.

On sait que la matière active peut être constituée d'une matière génératrice d'éclats, par exemple une paroi ou une enveloppe préfragmentée, une matière incendiaire ou une matière fumigène.It is known that the active material can consist of a material generating splinters, for example a wall or a pre-fragmented envelope, an incendiary material or a smoke-producing material.

On connaît de nombreux types de projectile explosif adaptés à projeter de la matière active, contenant au moins une charge explosive, des moyens d'amorçage de la charge explosive et de la matière active.Numerous types of explosive projectile are known which are suitable for projecting active material, containing at least one explosive charge, means for initiating the explosive charge and the active material.

Dans un projectile explosif classique, la charge explosive et la matière active sont disposées concentriquement par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du projectile. Cette disposition permet à un projectile de calibre même petit d'emporter une quantité importante de charge explosive et de matière active, cette quantité étant proportionnelle à la longueur utile du projectile. Ce projectile classique présente l'inconvénient principal que la matière active se trouve projetée radialement dans toutes les directions autour de l'axe du projectile, de sorte qu'une faible partie de cette matière active est réellement utile contre une cible ponctuelle.In a conventional explosive projectile, the explosive charge and the active material are arranged concentrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the projectile. This arrangement allows a projectile of even small caliber to carry a significant amount of explosive charge and active material, this amount being proportional to the useful length of the projectile. This conventional projectile has the main drawback that the active material is projected radially in all directions around the axis of the projectile, so that a small part of this active material is really useful against a point target.

On connaît également, d'après le FR-A-2 388 468, un projectile du type précité comportant des moyens d'aplatissement de l'enveloppe disposés sensiblement en périphérie de celle-ci et couvrant au moins un secteur angulairement limité par rapport à l'axe, ainsi que des moyens de détection de la direction d'une cible par rapport à l'axe associés aux moyens d'aplatissement pour provoquer de manière sélective un aplatissement de l'enveloppe et de la charge sensiblement en regard de ladite cible. L'aplatissement de l'enveloppe et de la charge a pour effet d'assurer la projection des fragments de la zone aplatie de l'enveloppe dans une direction sensiblement perpendiculaire à cet aplatissement, ce qui assure la concentration désirée des fragments en direction de la cible. Cette structure permet d'augmenter la partie utile de la matière active par rapport à un projectile explosif classique, mais cette partie active augmentée ne représente encore qu'une faible proportion de la partie active emportée par le projectile.Also known, from FR-A-2 388 468, a projectile of the aforementioned type comprising means for flattening the envelope disposed substantially on the periphery thereof and covering at least one angularly limited sector relative to the axis, as well as means for detecting the direction of a target relative to the axis associated with the flattening means to selectively cause a flattening of the envelope and of the load substantially opposite said target . The flattening of the envelope and of the charge has the effect of ensuring the projection of the fragments of the flattened zone of the envelope in a direction substantially perpendicular to this flattening, which ensures the desired concentration of the fragments in the direction of the target. This structure makes it possible to increase the useful part of the active material compared to a conventional explosive projectile, but this increased active part still represents only a small proportion of the active part carried by the projectile.

On connaît également un projectile explosif dans lequel la charge explosive et la matière active sont concentrées sur toute la section droite du projectile, par exemple à l'avant de celui-ci. On peut ainsi obtenir une gerbe de matière active frontale ou hémisphérique suivant la disposition de la charge explosive. Toutefois, les quantités respectives de charge explosive et de matière active emportées par le projectile sont faibles dans la mesure où cette charge et cette matière sont disposées selon la section droite du projectile sur une longueur axiale faible de ce dernier.An explosive projectile is also known in which the explosive charge and the active material are concentrated over the entire cross section of the projectile, for example at the front thereof. It is thus possible to obtain a spray of frontal or hemispherical active material according to the arrangement of the explosive charge. However, the respective quantities of explosive charge and of active material carried by the projectile are low insofar as this charge and this material are arranged in the cross section of the projectile over a short axial length of the latter.

Le but de la présente invention est de remédier aux inconvénients des projectiles explosifs connus, et de proposer un projectile explosif du type précité capable d'emporter des quantités respectives importantes de charge explosive et de matière active par rapport au calibre dudit projectile, tout en étant également capable de projeter la matière active sensiblement dans une direction unique.The object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks of known explosive projectiles, and to propose an explosive projectile of the aforementioned type capable of carrying significant respective amounts of explosive charge and of active material relative to the caliber of said projectile, while being also capable of projecting the active ingredient substantially in a single direction.

Le projectile explosif visé par l'invention est un projectile explosif du type précité contenant des moyens pour concentrer au moins une partie de la matière active en direction d'une cible lors de l'explosion de ladite charge explosive.The explosive projectile targeted by the invention is an explosive projectile of the aforementioned type containing means for concentrating at least part of the active material towards a target during the explosion of said explosive charge.

Suivant l'invention, ce projectile est caractérisé en ce que la charge explosive et la matière active sont disposées selon des sous-ensembles montés chacun sur un support, chaque support étant monté de façon mobile par rapport au corps du projectile, et en ce que ledit projectile comporte des moyens pour faire passer chaque sous-ensemble d'une position rentrée à l'intérieur du projectile à une position déployée par rapport au corps du projectile, les positions déployées respectives des divers sous-ensembles étant prédéterminées de façon telle que lors de l'explosion de la charge explosive, la matière active contenue dans les divers sous-ensembles soit projetée sensiblement dans une même direction.According to the invention, this projectile is characterized in that the explosive charge and the active material are arranged in sub-assemblies each mounted on a support, each support being mounted movably relative to the body of the projectile, and in that said projectile comprises means for passing each sub-assembly from a position retracted inside the projectile to a deployed position relative to the body of the projectile, the respective deployed positions of the various sub-assemblies being predetermined so that during from the explosion of the explosive charge, the active material contained in the various sub-assemblies is projected substantially in the same direction.

On obtient ainsi un projectile explosif dans lequel la charge explosive et la matière active peuvent être disposées sur la longueur utile du projectile et représenter ainsi des quantités importantes par rapport au calibre dudit projectile. Ces quantités importantes de charge explosive et de matière active peuvent être utilisées de manière extrêmement efficace contre une cible dès lors que cette cible se trouve dans la direction dans laquelle est projetée la matière active contenue dans les divers sous-ensembles.An explosive projectile is thus obtained in which the explosive charge and the active material can be placed over the useful length of the projectile and thus represent significant quantities relative to the caliber of said projectile. These large quantities of explosive charge and of active material can be used extremely effectively against a target as long as this target is in the direction in which the active material contained in the various sub-assemblies is projected.

Suivant une version avantageuse de l'invention, chaque sous-ensemble est réalisé sensiblement sous la forme d'un secteur cylindrique monté de manière pivotante de façon à pivoter radialement vers l'extérieur par rapport au corps du projectile.According to an advantageous version of the invention, each sub-assembly is produced substantially in the form of a cylindrical sector pivotally mounted so as to pivot radially outward relative to the body of the projectile.

Chaque sous-ensemble en forme de secteur peut ainsi avoir une longueur dans la direction de l'axe du projectile égale à la dimension utile de ce dernier, ce qui permet de projeter, suivant la direction choisie, une quantité de matière active maximale, compte tenu du diamètre du projectile.Each sector-shaped subassembly can thus have a length in the direction of the projectile axis equal to the useful dimension of the latter, which makes it possible to project, in the chosen direction, a maximum quantity of active material, account given the diameter of the projectile.

Selon une version avantageuse de l'invention, les sous-ensembles en forme de secteur cylindrique sont identiques, sont répartis régulièrement autour de l'axe du projectile, et sont adaptés à pivoter d'environ 90 degrés par rapport au corps du projectile. On peut ainsi réaliser une concentration importante de la matière active projetée sensiblement dans la direction de l'axe du projectile.According to an advantageous version of the invention, the sub-assemblies in the form of a cylindrical sector are identical, are distributed regularly around the axis of the projectile, and are adapted to pivot about 90 degrees relative to the body of the projectile. It is thus possible to achieve a significant concentration of the active material projected substantially in the direction of the axis of the projectile.

Selon une version préférée de l'invention, le projectile explosif comporte une fusée programmable comportant des moyens pour commander ou interdire le déploiement des divers sous-ensembles.According to a preferred version of the invention, the explosive projectile comprises a programmable rocket comprising means for controlling or prohibiting the deployment of the various sub-assemblies.

Le projectile est ainsi capable de réaliser une concentration de la matière active dans la direction de l'axe du projectile, ou de fonctionner comme un projectile explosif classique avec projection radiale de ladite matière active.The projectile is thus capable of achieving a concentration of the active material in the direction of the axis of the projectile, or of functioning as a conventional explosive projectile with radial projection of said active material.

D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront dans la description détaillée ci-après.Other features and advantages of the invention will appear in the detailed description below.

Aux dessins annexés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective schématique d'un projectile explosif selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention, les sous-ensembles étant dans leur position rentrée ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue semblable à la figure 1, les sous-ensembles étant dans leur position déployée ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue simplifiée en coupe longitudinale du projectile de la figure 1, les sous-ensembles étant dans leur position rentrée ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue semblable à la figure 3, les sous-ensembles étant dans leur position déployée ;
  • la figure 5 est un schéma illustrant la dispersion radiale de la matière acquise dans le cas d'un projectile explosif classique ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue semblable à la figure 5 illustrant la concentration frontale, en direction axiale, de la matière active dans le cas du projectile de la figure 1.
In the appended drawings, given by way of nonlimiting examples:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of an explosive projectile according to an embodiment of the present invention, the sub-assemblies being in their retracted position;
  • Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1, the sub-assemblies being in their deployed position;
  • Figure 3 is a simplified view in longitudinal section of the projectile of Figure 1, the subassemblies being in their retracted position;
  • Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3, the subassemblies being in their deployed position;
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the radial dispersion of the material acquired in the case of a conventional explosive projectile;
  • FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 illustrating the frontal concentration, in the axial direction, of the active material in the case of the projectile of FIG. 1.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté aux figures 1 à 4, le projectile explosif 1 contient une charge explosive 2, des moyens 3 d'amorçage de la charge explosive 2, de la matière active 4, et des moyens 5 pour concentrer au moins une partie de la matière active 4 en direction d'une cible lors de l'explosion de la charge explosive 2.In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 4, the explosive projectile 1 contains an explosive charge 2, means 3 for initiating the explosive charge 2, the active material 4, and means 5 for concentrating at least a portion active ingredient 4 towards a target when the explosive charge 2 explodes.

Suivant l'invention, la charge explosive 2 et la matière active 4 sont disposées selon des sous-ensembles 5 montés chacun sur un support 6. Chaque support 6 est monté de façon mobile par rapport au corps 7 du projectile 1. Le projectile comporte en outre des moyens pour faire passer chaque sous-ensemble 5 d'une position rentrée à l'intérieur du projectile 1 à une position déployée par rapport au corps 7 du projectile. Les positions déployées respectives des divers sous-ensembles 5 sont prédéterminées de façon telle que lors de l'explosion de la charge explosive 2, la matière active 4 contenue dans les divers sous-ensembles 5 est projetée sensiblement dans une même direction.According to the invention, the explosive charge 2 and the active material 4 are arranged in sub-assemblies 5 each mounted on a support 6. Each support 6 is movably mounted relative to the body 7 of the projectile 1. The projectile comprises in in addition to means for passing each sub-assembly 5 from a retracted position inside the projectile 1 to a deployed position relative to the body 7 of the projectile. The respective deployed positions of the various sub-assemblies 5 are predetermined in such a way that during the explosion of the explosive charge 2, the active material 4 contained in the various sub-assemblies 5 is projected in substantially the same direction.

Cette direction commune est avantageusement la direction de l'axe 8 du projectile 1.This common direction is advantageously the direction of the axis 8 of the projectile 1.

Dans l'exemple représenté, chaque sous-ensemble 5 est réalisé sensiblement sous la forme d'un secteur cylindrique monté de manière pivotante autour d'un axe 9 par rapport au corps 7 du projectile 1, de façon à pivoter radialement vers l'extérieur par rapport au corps 7 du projectile 1.In the example shown, each sub-assembly 5 is produced substantially in the form of a cylindrical sector pivotally mounted about an axis 9 relative to the body 7 of the projectile 1, so as to pivot radially outwards relative to the body 7 of the projectile 1.

Dans sa position rentrée à l'intérieur du corps 7 du projectile 1 (voir figures 1 et 3), chaque sous-ensemble 5 s'étend axialement sensiblement sur toute la longueur utile dudit corps 7.In its retracted position inside the body 7 of the projectile 1 (see FIGS. 1 and 3), each sub-assembly 5 extends axially substantially over the entire useful length of said body 7.

Dans cet exemple, les sous-ensembles 5 en forme de secteurs cylindriques sont identiques, sont répartis régulièrement autour de l'axe 8 du projectile 1, et sont adaptés à pivoter d'environ 90 degrés par rapport au corps 7. On a représenté aux figures quatre secteurs disposés à 90 degrés l'un par rapport à l'autre et s'étendant angulairement suivant un angle de 90 degrés environ.In this example, the subassemblies 5 in the form of cylindrical sectors are identical, are distributed regularly around the axis 8 of the projectile 1, and are adapted to pivot about 90 degrees relative to the body 7. Figures four sectors arranged at 90 degrees to each other and extending angularly at an angle of about 90 degrees.

Comme représenté en particulier aux figures 2, 3 et 4, chaque sous-ensemble 5 est constitué d'un support 6 formant paroi de base, d'un moyen d'amorçage 3, de matière explosive 2 et de matière active 4.As shown in particular in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, each sub-assembly 5 consists of a support 6 forming the base wall, an initiating means 3, explosive material 2 and active material 4.

Le support 6, par exemple en matériau thermoplastique, est constitué de deux parois latérales 11, 12 dirigées sensiblement radialement lorsque le sous-ensemble 5 est dans sa position repliée à l'intérieur du corps 7. Les deux parois latérales 11 et 12 sont séparées par un secteur de paroi cylindrique intérieur 13. Le support 6 est limité à ses extrémités axiales avant et arrière par des parois d'extrémité 14,15 sensiblement en forme de secteurs circulaires. Le support 6 a ainsi une forme générale de cuvette.The support 6, for example made of thermoplastic material, consists of two side walls 11, 12 directed substantially radially when the sub-assembly 5 is in its folded position inside the body 7. The two side walls 11 and 12 are separated by an inner cylindrical wall sector 13. The support 6 is limited at its front and rear axial ends by end walls 14, 15 substantially in the form of circular sectors. The support 6 thus has a general shape of a bowl.

Chaque sous-ensemble 5 comporte, dans sa partie concave, un explosif 2, un moyen d'amorçage 3 de l'explosif 2, et une matière active 4 disposée radialement à l'extérieur de l'explosif 2 lorsque le sous-ensemble est dans sa position repliée de la figure 3.Each sub-assembly 5 comprises, in its concave part, an explosive 2, an initiating means 3 of the explosive 2, and an active material 4 disposed radially outside the explosive 2 when the sub-assembly is in its folded position in Figure 3.

L'explosif 2 est par exemple un explosif comprimé, qui peut être de l'octoviton ou de l'hexocire.Explosive 2 is for example a compressed explosive, which can be octoviton or hexocire.

Le moyen d'amorçage 3 peut être un cordeau détonant.The priming means 3 can be a detonating cord.

La matière active 4 peut être une matière génératrice d'éclats, une matière incendiaire, ou une matière fumigène. Dans le présent exemple, on a représenté une matière génératrice d'éclats, connue en elle-même, par exemple un revêtement métallique préfragmenté ou une matrice organique chargée de billes, qui constitue la paroi extérieure 4 en forme de secteur cylindrique de chaque sous-ensemble 5.The active material 4 can be a material generating splinters, an incendiary material, or a smoke-producing material. In the present example, a splinter-generating material is known, known in itself, for example a pre-fragmented metal coating or an organic matrix loaded with beads, which constitutes the outer wall 4 in the form of a cylindrical sector of each sub- together 5.

Dans l'exemple représenté aux figures 1 à 4, les sous-ensembles 5 sont articulés sur le corps 7 du projectile 1 à leur extrémité arrière 5a par rapport au sens 10 de déplacement du projectile 1. Ainsi, après une rotation d'environ 90 degrés, les sous-ensembles 5 se retrouvent dans la position déployée représentée aux figures 2 et 4, les supports 6 étant dirigés sensiblement radialement. Dans cette position, la détonation de l'explosif 2 projette les éclats dans la direction opposée au support 6, perpendiculairement à celui-ci, c'est-à-dire dans le sens de la flèche 16 qui est opposé au sens de la flèche 10. Compte tenu d'une certaine dispersion des éclats par rapport au sens des flèches 16, on peut penser, en fonction de l'objectif visé, à se limiter à cette dispersion ou à prévoir une gerbe d'éclats plus dispersée en faisant pivoter les sous-ensembles 5 d'un angle inférieur à 90 degrés qui ferait que les flèches 16 seraient orientées à la fois vers l'arrière du projectile et vers l'extérieur.In the example shown in Figures 1 to 4, the subassemblies 5 are articulated on the body 7 of the projectile 1 at their rear end 5a relative to the direction 10 of movement of the projectile 1. Thus, after a rotation of about 90 degrees, the subassemblies 5 are found in the deployed position shown in Figures 2 and 4, the supports 6 being directed substantially radially. In this position, the detonation of the explosive 2 projects the splinters in the direction opposite to the support 6, perpendicular to the latter, that is to say in the direction of the arrow 16 which is opposite to the direction of the arrow 10. Taking into account a certain dispersion of the fragments with respect to the direction of the arrows 16, one can think, depending on the objective, to limit oneself to this dispersion or to provide a more dispersed sheaf of fragments by rotating the sub-assemblies 5 with an angle less than 90 degrees which would cause the arrows 16 to be oriented both towards the rear of the projectile and towards the outside.

A cet effet, le projectile explosif 1 comporte des moyens pour régler l'angle maximum de pivotement des divers sous-ensembles 5. Ces moyens, non représentés, sont des moyens classiques, par exemple des butées, qui peuvent être réglées par l'utilisateur avant le départ du projectile 1.To this end, the explosive projectile 1 comprises means for adjusting the maximum pivot angle of the various sub-assemblies 5. These means, not shown, are conventional means, for example stops, which can be adjusted by the user before projectile 1 leaves.

Le projectile 1 comporte une fusée programmable 17 qui commande de façon classique la mise à feu des charges explosives. Cette fusée programmable 17 comprend également des moyens, schématisés en 18 et connus en eux-mêmes, pour commander ou interdire le déploiement des divers sous-ensembles 5. Cette fusée 17 peut être programmée avant le tir ou sur trajectoire. On comprendra qu'il est également possible de ne pas commander le déploiement des sous-ensembles. Dans ces conditions, la mise à feu de la charge explosive de chaque sous-ensemble 5 projette les différents éclats sensiblement radialement, et le projectile explosif se comporte comme un projectile classique en projetant une gerbe latérale d'éclats, comme schématisé à la figure 5. Dans ce cas, seule la partie de la gerbe d'éclats comprise dans le secteur angulaire défini par la flèche 25 constitue la partie de cette gerbe utile contre la cible 19.Projectile 1 includes a programmable rocket 17 which conventionally controls the firing of explosive charges. This programmable rocket 17 also comprises means, shown diagrammatically at 18 and known in themselves, for controlling or prohibiting the deployment of the various sub-assemblies 5. This rocket 17 can be programmed before firing or on trajectory. It will be understood that it is also possible not to order the deployment of the sub-assemblies. Under these conditions, the firing of the explosive charge of each sub-assembly 5 projects the different fragments substantially radially, and the explosive projectile behaves like a conventional projectile by projecting a lateral burst of fragments, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 5 In this case, only the part of the sheaf of shards included in the angular sector defined by the arrow 25 constitutes the part of this sheaf useful against the target 19.

Au contraire, lorsque les sous-ensembles 5 sont déployés, le projectile explosif génère une gerbe frontale arrière concentrée sur la cible 19, comme schématisé à la figure 6.On the contrary, when the sub-assemblies 5 are deployed, the explosive projectile generates a rear frontal spray concentrated on the target 19, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 6.

On comprendra qu'il est également possible de faire pivoter les sous-ensembles 5 par rapport à un axe situé au niveau de leur extrémité axiale avant 5b (voir figure 4), de façon à provoquer lors de la détonation une gerbe frontale dirigée vers l'avant du projectile.It will be understood that it is also possible to rotate the sub-assemblies 5 with respect to an axis located at their front axial end 5b (see FIG. 4), so as to cause a frontal spray directed toward the detonation. front of the projectile.

Dans l'exemple représenté aux figures 1 à 4, le corps 7 du projectile 1 comprend une arête centrale 20 qui supporte les axes de pivotement 9 et les différents sous-ensembles 5 dans leur position rentrée. Des flasques 21 sont solidaires de l'arête 20 et ont pour fonction de rigidifier la structure du corps 7 et éventuellement d'héberger des ailettes de stabilisation 22 déployables radialement dans le cas particulier représenté d'un projectile stabilisé par empennage (voir figures 1 et 2).In the example shown in Figures 1 to 4, the body 7 of the projectile 1 comprises a central edge 20 which supports the pivot axes 9 and the various sub-assemblies 5 in their retracted position. Flanges 21 are integral with the edge 20 and have the function of stiffening the structure of the body 7 and possibly of accommodating stabilizing fins 22 deployable radially in the particular case depicted of a stabilized stabilizer projectile (see Figures 1 and 2).

Le déploiement des sous-ensembles 5 peut être déclenché par un moyen pyrotechnique quelconque générateur de gaz schématisé en 23, ou par un système mécanique à ressort ou équivalent. Dans le cas représenté de sous-ensembles 5 articulés à leur extrémité arrière, on comprendra que les efforts aérodynamiques s'exerçant sur les sous-ensembles 5 ayant commencé à se déployer agissent sur ces sous-ensembles pour les obliger à se déployer totalement.The deployment of the sub-assemblies 5 can be triggered by any pyrotechnic means generating gas schematically at 23, or by a mechanical spring system or equivalent. In the case shown of sub-assemblies 5 articulated at their rear end, it will be understood that the aerodynamic forces exerted on the sub-assemblies 5 which have started to deploy act on these sub-assemblies to force them to fully deploy.

Bien entendu, la présente invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation que l'on vient de décrite, et on peut effectuer sur celui-ci de nombreux changements et modifications sans sortir du domaine de l'invention.Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment which has just been described, and it is possible to carry out numerous modifications and modifications thereto without departing from the scope of the invention.

Ainsi, le projectile pourrait comporter deux sous-ensembles de forme sensiblement semi-cylindrique articulés selon des axes de pivotement parallèles à l'axe du projectile et voisins l'un de l'autre pour se déployer circonférenciellement dans deux sens opposés de façon à pouvoir projeter la matière active dans une direction radiale, sensiblement horizontale.Thus, the projectile could comprise two sub-assemblies of substantially semi-cylindrical shape articulated along pivot axes parallel to the axis of the projectile and adjacent to each other to deploy circumferentially in two opposite directions so as to be able project the active ingredient in a radial, substantially horizontal direction.

De façon plus générale, les sous-ensembles pourraient être montés sur des supports mobiles radialement par rapport à l'axe du projectile de façon à se déployer radialement afin de projeter la matière active sensiblement axialement. Dans ce mode de réalisation comme dans les autres modes de réalisation précités, la charge utile du projectile en explosif et en matière active est essentiellement fonction de la longueur du projectile et non pas simplement de son calibre.More generally, the sub-assemblies could be mounted on supports which can move radially with respect to the axis of the projectile so as to deploy radially in order to project the active material substantially axially. In this embodiment as in the other abovementioned embodiments, the payload of the projectile in explosive and in active material is essentially a function of the length of the projectile and not simply of its caliber.

On pourrait également combiner les modes de réalisation précités, et prévoir par exemple, sur quatre secteurs cylindriques, deux secteurs articulés à leur extrémité arrière et deux secteurs articulés à leur extrémité avant.One could also combine the above embodiments, and provide for example, on four cylindrical sectors, two sectors articulated at their rear end and two articulated sectors at their front end.

Claims (11)

Projectile explosif (1) adapté à projeter de la matière active (4), contenant au moins une charge explosive (2), des moyens (3) d'amorçage de la charge explosive (2), de la matière active (4), et des moyens pour concentrer au moins une partie de la matière active (4) en direction d'une cible (19) lors de l'explosion de ladite charge explosive (2), caractérisé en ce que la charge explosive (2) et la matière active (4) sont disposées selon des sous-ensembles (5) montés chacun sur un support (6), chaque support (6) étant monté de façon mobile par rapport au corps (7) du projectile (1), et en ce que ledit projectile (1) comporte des moyens (23) pour faire passer chaque sous-ensemble (5) d'une position rentrée à l'intérieur du projectile (1) à une position déployée par rapport au corps (7) du projectile (1), les positions déployées respectives des divers sous-ensembles (5) étant prédéterminées de façon telle que lors de l'explosion de la charge explosive (2), la matière active (4) contenue dans les divers sous-ensembles (5) soit projetée sensiblement dans une même direction (16).Explosive projectile (1) adapted to project active material (4), containing at least one explosive charge (2), means (3) for initiating the explosive charge (2), active material (4), and means for concentrating at least part of the active material (4) towards a target (19) during the explosion of said explosive charge (2), characterized in that the explosive charge (2) and the active material (4) are arranged in sub-assemblies (5) each mounted on a support (6), each support (6) being mounted movably relative to the body (7) of the projectile (1), and in this that said projectile (1) comprises means (23) for passing each sub-assembly (5) from a position retracted inside the projectile (1) to a deployed position relative to the body (7) of the projectile ( 1), the respective deployed positions of the various subassemblies (5) being predetermined so that during the explosion of the explosive charge (2), the m active matter (4) contained in the various sub-assemblies (5) is projected substantially in the same direction (16). Projectile explosif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les positions déployées respectives des divers sous-ensembles (5) sont prédéterminées de façon telle que lors de l'explosion de la charge explosive (2), la matière active (4) contenue dans les divers sous-ensembles (5) soit projetée sensiblement en direction axiale (16).Explosive projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the respective deployed positions of the various sub-assemblies (5) are predetermined so that when the explosive charge (2) explodes, the active material (4) contained in the various sub-assemblies (5) is projected substantially in the axial direction (16). Projectile explosif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque sous-ensemble (5) est constitué d'un support (6) formant paroi de base, d'un moyen d'amorçage (3), de matière explosive (2) et de matière active (4).Explosive projectile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each sub-assembly (5) consists of a support (6) forming a base wall, an initiating means (3), of explosive material (2 ) and active ingredient (4). Projectile explosif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la matière active (4) est une matière génératrice d'éclats, une matière incendiaire ou une matière fumigène.Explosive projectile according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the active material (4) is a material generating fragments, an incendiary material or a smoke-producing material. Projectile explosif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que chaque sous-ensemble (5) est réalisé sensiblement sous la forme d'un secteur cylindrique monté de manière pivotante par rapport au corps (7) du projectile (1).Explosive projectile according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each sub-assembly (5) is produced substantially in the form of a cylindrical sector mounted so as to pivot relative to the body (7) of the projectile (1) . Projectile explosif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que chaque sous-ensemble (5) est monté de façon à pivoter radialement vers l'extérieur par rapport au corps (7) du projectile (1).Explosive projectile according to claim 5, characterized in that each sub-assembly (5) is mounted so as to pivot radially outwards relative to the body (7) of the projectile (1). Projectile explosif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les sous-ensembles (5) en forme de secteurs cylindriques sont identiques, sont répartis régulièrement autour de l'axe (8) du projectile (1), et sont adaptés à pivoter d'environ 90° par rapport au corps (7) du projectile (1).Explosive projectile according to claim 6, characterized in that the sub-assemblies (5) in the form of cylindrical sectors are identical, are distributed regularly around the axis (8) of the projectile (1), and are adapted to pivot by about 90 ° relative to the body (7) of the projectile (1). Projectile explosif selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que les sous-ensembles (5) en forme de secteurs circulaires sont articulés sur le corps (7) du projectile (1) à leur extrémité avant (5b) ou arrière (5a) pour projeter la matière active (4) respectivement sensiblement vers l'avant ou vers l'arrière par rapport au sens (10) de déplacement du projectile (1).Explosive projectile according to Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the sub-assemblies (5) in the form of circular sectors are articulated on the body (7) of the projectile (1) at their front (5b) or rear (5a) ends. for projecting the active ingredient (4) respectively substantially forward or backward relative to the direction (10) of movement of the projectile (1). Projectile explosif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des ailettes (22) de stabilisation faisant saillie radialement par rapport au corps (7) du projectile (1), chaque ailette (22) étant disposée entre deux secteurs (5) adjacents.Explosive projectile according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that it comprises stabilizing fins (22) projecting radially relative to the body (7) of the projectile (1), each fin (22) being disposed between two adjacent sectors (5). Projectile explosif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens pour régler l'angle maximum de pivotement des divers sous-ensembles (5).Explosive projectile according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that it comprises means for adjusting the maximum pivot angle of the various sub-assemblies (5). Projectile explosif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une fusée programmable (17) comprenant des moyens (18) pour commander ou interdire le déploiement des divers sous-ensembles (5).Explosive projectile according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it comprises a programmable rocket (17) comprising means (18) for controlling or preventing the deployment of the various sub-assemblies (5).
EP19970401221 1996-06-04 1997-06-03 Explosive projectile Expired - Lifetime EP0811823B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR9606846 1996-06-04
FR9606846A FR2749381B1 (en) 1996-06-04 1996-06-04 EXPLOSIVE PROJECTILE

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EP0811823B1 EP0811823B1 (en) 2001-07-11

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GB2354574A (en) * 1999-09-27 2001-03-28 Hunting Eng Ltd A fragmenting warhead
US6997110B2 (en) * 2001-09-05 2006-02-14 Omnitek Partners, Llc. Deployable bullets
US7905180B2 (en) 2006-06-13 2011-03-15 Zuoliang Chen Long range electrified projectile immobilization system
EP3171121A1 (en) * 2015-11-18 2017-05-24 Textron Systems Corporation Multi-warhead munition with configurable segmented warhead

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DE102008057917A1 (en) * 2008-11-19 2010-02-25 Eads Deutschland Gmbh Active body for ejecting from ejection mechanism for protection of air-crafts against guided or unguided missiles, has cylindrical body with multiple rod-shaped active units, which are arranged radially at outer surface in axial direction
DE102019001651B4 (en) * 2019-03-07 2020-12-10 Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertr. durch das Bundesministerium der Verteidigung, vertr. durch das Bundesamt für Ausrüstung, Informationstechnik und Nutzung der Bundeswehr Stabilized, non-lethal impulse bullet

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FR2707387A1 (en) * 1993-07-09 1995-01-13 Lacroix E Tous Artifices Pyrotechnic head having reinforced incendiary and wounding effects

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2354574A (en) * 1999-09-27 2001-03-28 Hunting Eng Ltd A fragmenting warhead
GB2354574B (en) * 1999-09-27 2002-03-13 Hunting Eng Ltd Deformable fragmenting warheads
US6997110B2 (en) * 2001-09-05 2006-02-14 Omnitek Partners, Llc. Deployable bullets
US7905180B2 (en) 2006-06-13 2011-03-15 Zuoliang Chen Long range electrified projectile immobilization system
EP3171121A1 (en) * 2015-11-18 2017-05-24 Textron Systems Corporation Multi-warhead munition with configurable segmented warhead
US10145661B2 (en) 2015-11-18 2018-12-04 Textron Innovations Inc. Multi-warhead munition with configurable segmented warhead

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DE69705588D1 (en) 2001-08-16
DE69705588T2 (en) 2002-05-23
FR2749381A1 (en) 1997-12-05
EP0811823B1 (en) 2001-07-11
FR2749381B1 (en) 1998-08-07

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