EP0130359B1 - Method of manufacturing cross-bars, sections, beams or the like of compressed small size vegetal parts - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing cross-bars, sections, beams or the like of compressed small size vegetal parts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0130359B1
EP0130359B1 EP84106017A EP84106017A EP0130359B1 EP 0130359 B1 EP0130359 B1 EP 0130359B1 EP 84106017 A EP84106017 A EP 84106017A EP 84106017 A EP84106017 A EP 84106017A EP 0130359 B1 EP0130359 B1 EP 0130359B1
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Prior art keywords
particles
board
pressing
strips
compressed
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EP84106017A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0130359A3 (en
EP0130359A2 (en
Inventor
Anton Heggenstaller
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Anton Heggenstaller GmbH
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Anton Heggenstaller GmbH
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Priority to AT84106017T priority Critical patent/ATE47079T1/en
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Publication of EP0130359A3 publication Critical patent/EP0130359A3/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/28—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of materials not covered by groups E04C3/04 - E04C3/20
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N5/00—Manufacture of non-flat articles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/14—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of compacts from small vegetable parts mixed with binders, in particular small wooden parts, in accordance with the features listed in the preamble of the main claim.
  • the invention is based on the object of producing pressed bodies designed as support bars, profiles, beams or the like with increased bending strength or load capacity.
  • profiles for example in I-cross section, can be made from small wooden parts, the bending strength of which is at least equal to that of profiles of the same size from grown wood.
  • the basic idea of the invention is that the pressing pressure of those pressing dies which act in the main loading direction of the object to be produced is not allowed to act directly on the body to be pressed, but via board-shaped strips which, after suitable pretreatment with adhesive or similarly acting materials have the property, on the one hand, of transferring the pressure and, on the other hand, of being firmly connected to the mixture of small parts of a vegetable nature to be pressed.
  • the invention does not exclude that the board-shaped stiffeners used in accordance with the main claim can also be connected to the outer surfaces of the profile web according to the feature of FIG the bending stiffness.
  • the invention also goes so far as to provide the other or vice versa or both together instead of one planking.
  • the invention provides, in accordance with the feature of claim 4, to use two-layer or multilayer board-shaped strips for the planking. These can be lamellae or strips different in terms of their wall thickness, which can also consist of different materials.
  • the invention also relates to the product that can be produced by the method, which differs from the direct product to be expected from the method in that the connecting surface between the pressed, small-part profile body and the board-shaped strips is uneven, this unevenness towards Profile body can be arched protruding.
  • This uneven connection surface has the advantage that the board-shaped strips form a positive connection with the pressed profile body consisting of wooden parts, not only via the introduced binder, but also via the convex connection surface, compared to the pressed profile body.
  • the board-shaped strips thus not only increase the load-bearing or bending strength of the manufactured profile, but also the torsional rigidity.
  • the deformation tool is formed by the Prc-i3stempel 10, 11, 12, 13, which are movable along the guides 14 and enclose the cavity 9 between them.
  • the lateral press rams 12, 13 are in the retracted position.
  • the upper press ram 10 (cf. FIG. 3) is withdrawn so far that the filling material 21 (cf. FIG. 3) can be poured into the cavity 9.
  • the lower ram 11 is also in the retracted position.
  • a board-shaped strip 19 is placed on its surface, which corresponds to the length and width of the cavity 9 and can be moved with the press ram 11.
  • This board-shaped strip 19 can be made of different materials, e.g. B. consist of pressure-transferable material such as natural wood, fiber-reinforced plastic layer and the like ..
  • This strip 19 is also on the inside, i. H.
  • the filling material 21 is poured into the cavity 9, which preferably consists of small wooden parts mixed with binders.
  • the cavity 9 which preferably consists of small wooden parts mixed with binders.
  • other small plant parts such as. B. crocheted straw and the like to use. This dosage and the gluing of these small parts is to be considered as state of the art and therefore requires no explanation.
  • the individual board-shaped strips 19, 20 can consist of two or more layers 25, 26 which have previously been glued together. With such layers 25, 26 there will of course be a slight curvature of the connecting surface 23.
  • board-shaped strips 22 covering the side surface of the web 3 can also be used, which consequently are firmly connected by the side press punches 12, 13 during the pressing process according to FIG are brought with the small parts forming the web 3. It is left to the person skilled in the art to design the edge areas of the lateral press rams 12, 13 so that the board-shaped strips 22 are, as it were, embedded in the web 3 and from there the transition to the belt 2 takes place continuously.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)

Abstract

1. Method of manufacturing compressed elements from vegetable particles, in particular wood particles, mixed with binding agents, wherein the particles are introduced into a hollow chamber formed by a plurality of press dies and the press dies successively exert a pressing force from different directions upon the introduced mass under the influence of heat, characterised in that, for the production of support crossbars, profiles, beams or similar compressed elements, at least one, preferably two opposing board-like strips of pressure transmitting material, e.g. natural wood, fibre-reinforced plastic layers or the like provided with an adhesive and/or synthetic resin coating are inserted in the hollow chamber and confine the particles between them, whereupon firstly the press dies associated with the belt region exert a pressing power by way of the board-like strips upon the particles and then the press dies associated with the side surfaces are moved toward one another into pressing position, and that finally follow-up pressing of the belt regions of the compressed element is effected by maintaining the pressing power acting upon the side surfaces before the compressed element is hardened by the action of heat and maintenance of the pressing power.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Preßkörpern aus mit Bindemitteln vermischten pflanzlichen Kleinteilen, insbesondere Holzkleinteilen, entsprechend den im Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruches aufgeführten Merkmalen.The invention relates to a process for the production of compacts from small vegetable parts mixed with binders, in particular small wooden parts, in accordance with the features listed in the preamble of the main claim.

Durch die US-A-2 825 674, auf welche sich der Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruches bezieht, ist es bekannt, ein Türblatt aus einem umlaufenden leistenförmigen Rahmen aus Naturholz und einer diesen Rahmen ausfüllenden Schicht aus mit Bindemitteln versetzten pflanzlichen Kleinteilen sowie diese Schicht abdeckenden Furnieren in einem Arbeitsgang zu pressen. Dieser Preßvorgang wird zwischen zwei zueinander parallelen metallischen Preßplatten ausgeführt. Damit das Kleinteilgemisch während des Pressens seitlich nicht ausweichen kann, sind die innenliegenden Flächen des leistenförmigen Rahmens abgeschrägt. Man erhofft sich, dadurch eine nach innen gerichtete Kraftkomponente auf das Gemisch einwirken zu lassen.From US-A-2 825 674, to which the preamble of the main claim relates, it is known to insert a door leaf from a surrounding strip-shaped frame made of natural wood and a layer filling this frame from binder-containing vegetable parts and veneer covering this layer to press in one operation. This pressing process is carried out between two parallel metal pressing plates. So that the mixture of small parts cannot move sideways during pressing, the inner surfaces of the strip-shaped frame are chamfered. It is hoped that this will allow an inward force component to act on the mixture.

Abgesehen davon, daß das vorbekannte Preßverfahren nicht in einem abgeschlossenen Preßraum stattfindet, geben die umständiichen, außerhalb einer beheizten Presse vorzunehmenden Vorbereitungen keinen Anlaß, das vorbekannte Verfahren auf andere Preßtechniken anzuwenden.Apart from the fact that the known pressing process does not take place in a closed press room, the cumbersome preparations to be made outside of a heated press give no reason to apply the known process to other pressing techniques.

Der Erfindung liegt demgegenüber die Aufgabe zugrunde, als Tragriegel, Profile, Balken oder dergleichen ausgebildete Preßkörper mit gesteigerter Biegefestigkeit bzw. Tragkraft herzustellen.In contrast, the invention is based on the object of producing pressed bodies designed as support bars, profiles, beams or the like with increased bending strength or load capacity.

Ausgehend von der US-A-2 825 674 wird diese Aufgabe mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruches gelöst.Starting from US-A-2 825 674, this object is achieved with the characterizing features of the main claim.

Es ist zwar durch die US-A-4 213 928 bekannt, tragfähige Platten oder Bretter aus mit Bindemittel vermischten pflanzlichen Kleinteilen herzustellen. Die erhöhte Tragfähigkeit soll durch Längsorientierung der Kleinteile im Randbereich des Preßkörpers parallel zu dessen Längserstreckung und durch Querorientierung der Kleinteile im mittleren Bereich des Preßkörpers erreicht werden. Das in dieser Orientierung in einen Preßraum gefüllte Gemisch wird zunächst in einer Richtung zwischen Preßplatten verpreßt, woraufhin die Randbereiche des Gemisches durch querbewegliche Preßplatten zusätzlich verdichtet werden, ohne daß der Querschnitt des Preßkörpers verändert wird.It is known from US Pat. No. 4,213,928 to produce load-bearing plates or boards from small plant parts mixed with binder. The increased load-bearing capacity is to be achieved by longitudinal orientation of the small parts in the edge area of the pressed body parallel to its longitudinal extent and by transverse orientation of the small parts in the central area of the pressed body. The mixture filled into a press chamber in this orientation is first pressed in one direction between press plates, whereupon the edge areas of the mixture are additionally compressed by transversely movable press plates without the cross section of the press body being changed.

Mit einer Maßnahme lassen sich jedoch keine Tragriegel, Balken oder Profile mit gesteigerter Biegefestigkeit bzw. Tragkraft herstellen.With one measure, however, no support bars, beams or profiles with increased bending strength or load capacity can be produced.

Allerdings wird mit der älteren, aber nicht vorveröffentlichten DE-A 32 27 074 ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Tragriegein, Profilen, Balken und dergleichen vorgeschlagen, bei dem die mit Bindemittel versetzten Kleinteile, insbesondere Holzspäne, in einen von vier Preßstempeln gebildeten Hohlraum eingefüllt werden. Diese Preßstempel werden in einer bestimmten Reihenfolge gegeneinander zum Verdichten des Gemenges in Preßstellung gebracht, wobei die Häufigkeit der Preßvorgänge in das Ermessen des Fachmannes gestellt ist, je nachdem, welches Erzeugnis hergestellt werden soll. Entscheidend erscheint eine Nachverdichtung in vertikaler Richtung unter Aufrechterhaltung des auf die Seitenflächen einwirkenden Preßdruckes, um erst daraufhin die Aushärtung des Preßlings unter Aufrechterhaltung des Preßdruckes durchzuführen.However, the older, but not prepublished DE-A 32 27 074 proposes a method for producing support bars, profiles, beams and the like, in which the small parts mixed with binder, in particular wood chips, are filled into a cavity formed by four press rams. These rams are pressed against each other in a certain order to compress the batch, the frequency of the pressing processes being at the discretion of the person skilled in the art, depending on which product is to be produced. Post-compaction in the vertical direction appears decisive, while maintaining the pressing pressure acting on the side surfaces, only then to carry out the curing of the compact while maintaining the pressing pressure.

Mit diesem Verfahren können Profile, beispielsweise im I-Querschnitt, aus Holzkleinteilen hergestellt werden, deren Biegefestigkeit gegenüber gleichgroßen Profilen aus gewachsenem Holz mindestens ebenbürtig sind.With this method profiles, for example in I-cross section, can be made from small wooden parts, the bending strength of which is at least equal to that of profiles of the same size from grown wood.

Der Grundgedanke der Erfindung besteht hingegen darin, daß man den Preßdruck derjenigen Preßstempel, die in der Hauptbelastungsrichtung des zu erzeugenden Gegenstandes wirken, nicht unmittelbar auf den zu pressenden Körper einwirken läßt, sondern über brettförmige Streifen, die nach geeigneter Vorbehandlung mit Klebstoff oder ähnlich wirkenden Materialien die Eigenschaft haben, einerseits den Preßdruck zu übertragen und andererseits sich fest mit dem zu verpressenden Gemisch aus Kleinteilen pflanzlicher Art zu verbinden.The basic idea of the invention, on the other hand, is that the pressing pressure of those pressing dies which act in the main loading direction of the object to be produced is not allowed to act directly on the body to be pressed, but via board-shaped strips which, after suitable pretreatment with adhesive or similarly acting materials have the property, on the one hand, of transferring the pressure and, on the other hand, of being firmly connected to the mixture of small parts of a vegetable nature to be pressed.

Die günstigste Reihenfolge für die erfindungsgemäße Preßtechnik ergibt sich aus den Merkmalen des Anspruches 2.The most favorable sequence for the press technology according to the invention results from the features of claim 2.

Darüber hinaus schließt aber die Erfindung nicht aus, daß die nach dem Hauptanspruch eingesetzten brettförmigen Steifen entsprechend dem Merkmal der Figur 3 auch mit den Außenflächen des Profilsteges verbunden werden können, um beispielsweise durch diese Art der Verbindung die Knicksteifigkeit des zu erzeugenden Profiles, damit aberauch auch die Biegesteifigkeit, zu erhöhen. Die Erfindung geht auch so weit, anstelle der einen Beplankung auch die andere oder umgekehrt bzw. beide gemeinsam vorzusehen.In addition, however, the invention does not exclude that the board-shaped stiffeners used in accordance with the main claim can also be connected to the outer surfaces of the profile web according to the feature of FIG the bending stiffness. The invention also goes so far as to provide the other or vice versa or both together instead of one planking.

Schließlich sieht die Erfindung vor, entsprechend dem Merkmal des Anspruches 4 zwei- oder mehrschichtige brettförmige Streifen zur Beplankung zu verwenden. Es kann sich hierbei um Lamellen oder hinsichtlich ihrer Wandstärke unterschiedliche Streifen handeln, die durchaus auch aus unterschiedlichen Matrialien bestehen können.Finally, the invention provides, in accordance with the feature of claim 4, to use two-layer or multilayer board-shaped strips for the planking. These can be lamellae or strips different in terms of their wall thickness, which can also consist of different materials.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist außerdem das durch das Verfahren herstellbare Erzeugnis, welches sich gegenüber dem vom Verfahren zu erwartenden unmittelbaren Erzeugnis dadurch unterscheidet, daß die Verbindungsfläche zwischen dem gepreßten, aus Kleinteilen bestehenden Profilkörper und den brettförmigen Streifen uneben ausgebildet ist, wobei diese Unebenheit in Richtung zum Profilkörper vorspringend gewölbt sein kann.The invention also relates to the product that can be produced by the method, which differs from the direct product to be expected from the method in that the connecting surface between the pressed, small-part profile body and the board-shaped strips is uneven, this unevenness towards Profile body can be arched protruding.

Wenn man nämlich beispielsweise Naturholzbretter zur Beplankung vorsieht, dann ist verständlich, daß diese Naturholzbretier unter dem Preßdruck der auf sie einwirkenden Preßstempel sich selbst verformen. Überraschenderweise geschieht dies in der Richtung, daß die Bretter in ihrem Randbereich sich verdichten, sich aber im Mittelbereich eher hinsichtlich ihrer Wandstärke vergrößern. Dadurch ergibt sich bei ebener Au- ßenfiäche eine konvex zum Preßkörper sich erstreckende Verbindungsfläche.If, for example, natural wood boards are provided for planking, it is understandable that this natural wood board is under the pressure of the press ram acting on it deform themselves. Surprisingly, this happens in such a way that the boards become denser in their edge area, but rather increase in wall thickness in the middle area. In the case of a flat outer surface, this results in a connecting surface which extends convexly to the pressing body.

Diese unebene Verbindungsfläche hat den Vorteil, daß die brettförmigen Streifen gegenüber dem gepreßten Profilkörper aus Kleinteilen nicht nur über das eingebrachte Bindemittel, sondem auch über die konvexe Verbindungsfläche eine formschlüssige Verbindung mit dem aus Holzteilen bestehenden gepreßten Profilkörper eingehen. Die brettförmigen Streifen erhöhen damit nicht nur die Trag- bzw. Biegefestigkeit des hergestellten Profiles, sondern auch die Verwindungssteifigkeit.This uneven connection surface has the advantage that the board-shaped strips form a positive connection with the pressed profile body consisting of wooden parts, not only via the introduced binder, but also via the convex connection surface, compared to the pressed profile body. The board-shaped strips thus not only increase the load-bearing or bending strength of the manufactured profile, but also the torsional rigidity.

Einzelheiten der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung schematisch und beispielsweise dargestellt. Es zeigen :

  • Fig. 1 bis 6 : Vertikalschnitte durch ein Preßwerkzeug in verschiedenen Arbeitsstufen,
  • Fig. 7: einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein im Gurtbereich beplanktes Profil,
  • Fig. 8: einen Querschnitt durch ein Profil mit aus mehreren Schichten bestehenden brettförmigen Streifen und
  • Fig. 9 : einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein im Gurt-und Stegbereich beplanktes Profil.
Details of the invention are shown schematically and for example in the drawing. Show it :
  • 1 to 6: vertical sections through a press tool in different working stages,
  • 7: a vertical section through a profile planked in the belt area,
  • 8 shows a cross section through a profile with board-shaped strips consisting of several layers and
  • 9: a vertical section through a profile planked in the belt and web area.

Mit dem in den Figuren 1 bis 6 dargestellten Preßwerkzeug sollen Tragriegel, Profile, Balken 1 und dgl. gem. Fig. 7, 8 und 9 hergestellt werden, die im wesentlichen einen Steg 3 und damit verbundene Gurte 2 aufweisen.With the pressing tool shown in Figures 1 to 6 support beams, profiles, beams 1 and the like. 7, 8 and 9 are produced, which essentially have a web 3 and associated belts 2.

Das Verformungswerkzeug wird durch die Prc-i3stempel 10, 11, 12, 13 gebildet, die entlang der Führungen 14 bewegbar sind und zwischen sich den Hohlraum 9 einschließen.The deformation tool is formed by the Prc-i3stempel 10, 11, 12, 13, which are movable along the guides 14 and enclose the cavity 9 between them.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel sind folgende Verfahrensschritte vorgesehen:The following method steps are provided in the exemplary embodiment:

Bei der Stellung nach Fig. 1 befinden sich die seitlichen Preßstempel 12, 13 in zurückgefahrener Position. Der obere Preßstempel 10 (vgl. Figur 3) ist so weit zurückgezogen, daß das Füllgut 21 (vgl. Figur 3) in den Hohlraum 9 eingeschüttet werden kann. Der untere Preßstempel 11 befindet sich ebenfalls in zurückgezogener Position. Auf dessen Oberfläche wird ein brettförmiger Streifen 19 aufgelegt, welcher der Länge und der Breite des Hohlraumes 9 entspricht und mit dem Preßstempel 11 bewegt werden kann. Dieser brettförmige Streifen 19 kann aus verschiedenen Materialien, z. B. aus druckübertragungsfähigem Material wie Naturholz, faserverstärkte Kunststoffschicht und dgl. bestehen. Dieser Streifen 19 ist außerdem innenseitig, d. h. an der dem Hohlraum 9 zugekehrten Seite mit einer Beschichtung aus Leim und/oder Kunstharz versehen. Es hat sich als zweckmäßig erwiesen, Naturholzbretter für solche Streifen 19 zu verwenden. Wesentlich ist, daß die Festigkeit dieser Streifen 19 so groß sein muß, daß sie den Preßdruck des Preßstempels 11 übertragen können, ohne selbst über ein bestimmtes Maß hinaus deformiert zu werden.In the position according to FIG. 1, the lateral press rams 12, 13 are in the retracted position. The upper press ram 10 (cf. FIG. 3) is withdrawn so far that the filling material 21 (cf. FIG. 3) can be poured into the cavity 9. The lower ram 11 is also in the retracted position. A board-shaped strip 19 is placed on its surface, which corresponds to the length and width of the cavity 9 and can be moved with the press ram 11. This board-shaped strip 19 can be made of different materials, e.g. B. consist of pressure-transferable material such as natural wood, fiber-reinforced plastic layer and the like .. This strip 19 is also on the inside, i. H. Provide a coating of glue and / or synthetic resin on the side facing the cavity 9. It has proven to be useful to use natural wood boards for such strips 19. It is essential that the strength of these strips 19 must be so great that they can transmit the pressure of the ram 11 without being deformed beyond a certain amount.

In der Stellung gem. Fig. 2 ist gezeigt, daß in den Hohlraum 9 das Füllgut 21 geschüttet ist, welches bevorzugt aus mit Bindemitteln vermischten Holzkleinteilen besteht Es ist aber auch möglich, andere pflanzliche Kleinteile, wie z. B. gehäxeltes Stroh und dgl, zu verwenden. Diese Dosierung und die Beleimung dieser Kleinteile ist dem Stand der Technik zuzurechnen und bedarf daher keiner Erläuterung.In the position acc. Fig. 2 is shown that the filling material 21 is poured into the cavity 9, which preferably consists of small wooden parts mixed with binders. However, it is also possible to use other small plant parts, such as. B. crocheted straw and the like to use. This dosage and the gluing of these small parts is to be considered as state of the art and therefore requires no explanation.

Gemäß der Stellung in Figur 3 ist auf das Füllgut 21 ein weiterer brettförmiger Streifen 20 aufgelegt worden, gegen den der obere Preßstempel 10 einwirkt. Beide Preßstempel 10, 11 werden nun in vertikaler Richtung zur Vorverdichtung des Füllgutes 21 so weit bewegt, bis die in Figur 4 gezeigte Stellung erreicht ist Der Druck der Preßstempel 10, 11 ist dabei über die brettförmigen Streifen 19, 20 auf das Füllgut 21 übertragen worden. Bei der in Figur 4 gezeigten Stellung können nun die Preßstempel 10, 11 gelüftet werden, bevor die seitlichen Preßstempel 12, 13 gegeneinander bewegt werden und. dabei den Steg 3 des Profiles 1 (vgl. Fig. 7) bilden. Diese seitlichen Preßstempel 12, 13 verbleiben in der in Figur 5 gezeigten Preßendlage, wenn gemäß Figur 6 die anderen Preßstempel 10, 11 zur Nachverdichtung nochmals gegeneinander bewegt werden und die in Figur 6 gezeigte Endlage erreichen.According to the position in FIG. 3, a further board-shaped strip 20 has been placed on the filling material 21, against which the upper press ram 10 acts. Both press rams 10, 11 are now moved in the vertical direction for pre-compression of the filling material 21 until the position shown in FIG. 4 is reached. The pressure of the pressing rams 10, 11 has been transferred to the filling material 21 via the board-shaped strips 19, 20 . In the position shown in Figure 4, the ram 10, 11 can now be released before the lateral ram 12, 13 are moved against each other and. form the web 3 of the profile 1 (see FIG. 7). These lateral press rams 12, 13 remain in the press end position shown in FIG. 5 if, according to FIG. 6, the other press rams 10, 11 are again moved towards one another for further compression and reach the end position shown in FIG. 6.

Die geschilderten Preßbewegungen können wiederholt werden. Auch wird sich eine Struktur der Kleinteile in den Gurt- und Stegbereichen im Sinne der Lehre der eingangs erwähnten Druckschrift ergeben.The press movements described can be repeated. There will also be a structure of the small parts in the belt and web areas in the sense of the teaching of the publication mentioned at the beginning.

Wenn man beispielsweise von Holzbrettem für die brettförmigen Streifen 19, 20 ausgeht, wird sich im fertiggepreßten Zustand eine unebene Verbindungsfläche 23 zwischen den Streifen 19, 20 einerseits und dem Profilkörper 24 aus den gepreßten Kleinteilen ergeben. Diese unebene Verbindungsfläche 23 entsteht speziell im letzten Nachpreßvorgang gemäß Figur 6, indem das Naturholz unter dem hohen Preßdruck aufgrund der gegebenen Widerstände der Führungen 14 und der seitlichen Preßstempel 12, 13 im mittleren Bereich den Preßdruck unter gleichzeitiger Verformung überträgt, wohingegen die brettförmigen Streifen 19, 20 im Randbereich eher eine Quetschung erfahren. Das Schnittbild des so hergestellten Verbundprofiles zeigt außenseitig glatte brettförmige Streifen 19, 20, die aber innenseitig entsprechend der Struktur der Streifen in Richtung zum Profilkörper 24 mehr oder weniger gewölbt sind. Diese Wölbung hat zur Folge, daß die brettförmigen Streifen 19, 20 nicht nur eine erhebliche Erhöhung der Biegesteifigkeit der Profile, sondern auch der Verwindungssteifigkeit bedingen, weil Formschlußverbindung zufolge der Wölbung gegeben ist.If, for example, wooden boards for the board-shaped strips 19, 20 are assumed, an uneven connecting surface 23 between the strips 19, 20 on the one hand and the profile body 24 from the pressed small parts will result in the finished pressed state. This uneven connecting surface 23 is created especially in the last repressing process according to FIG. 6, in that the natural wood under the high pressing pressure, due to the given resistances of the guides 14 and the lateral pressing dies 12, 13, transfers the pressing pressure with simultaneous deformation in the central region, whereas the board-shaped strips 19, 20 more likely to experience a bruise in the edge area. The sectional view of the composite profile thus produced shows on the outside smooth board-shaped strips 19, 20 which, however, are more or less curved on the inside in accordance with the structure of the strips in the direction of the profile body 24. The result of this curvature is that the board-shaped strips 19, 20 not only require a considerable increase in the bending stiffness of the profiles, but also the torsional stiffness, because there is a positive connection due to the curvature.

Im Beispiel der Figur 8 ist gezeigt, daß die einzelnen brettförmigen Streifen 19, 20 aus zwei oder mehr Schichten 25, 26 bestehen können, die vorher miteinander verleimt worden sind. Bei solchen Schichten 25, 26 wird sich natürlich eine geringfügigere Wölbung der Verbindungsfläche 23 ergeben.In the example in FIG. 8 it is shown that the individual board-shaped strips 19, 20 can consist of two or more layers 25, 26 which have previously been glued together. With such layers 25, 26 there will of course be a slight curvature of the connecting surface 23.

Im Beispiel der Figur 9 ist gezeigt, daß außer den preßförmigen Streifen 19, 20 auch noch die Seitenfläche des Steges 3 überdeckende, brettförmige Streifen 22 verwendet werden können, die folglich durch die seitlichen Preßstempel 12, 13 beim Preßvorgang gemäß Figur 5 in eine feste Verbindung mit den den Steg 3 bildenden Kleinteilen gebracht werden. Hierbei ist es dem Fachmann überlassen, die Randbereiche der seitlichen Preßstempel 12, 13 auch so auszubilden, daß die brettförmigen Streifen 22 gewissermaßen in den Steg 3 eingebettet sind und von dort der Übergang zum Gurt 2 stufenlos erfolgt.In the example in FIG. 9 it is shown that, in addition to the press-shaped strips 19, 20, board-shaped strips 22 covering the side surface of the web 3 can also be used, which consequently are firmly connected by the side press punches 12, 13 during the pressing process according to FIG are brought with the small parts forming the web 3. It is left to the person skilled in the art to design the edge areas of the lateral press rams 12, 13 so that the board-shaped strips 22 are, as it were, embedded in the web 3 and from there the transition to the belt 2 takes place continuously.

Es liegt auf der Hand, daß nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren auch Profile anderen Querschnittes, z. B. U-Z-L-Profile, hergestellt werden können, so daß sich die Erfindung nicht auf die Darstellung der Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt.It is obvious that profiles of other cross-section, for. B. U-Z-L profiles can be produced, so that the invention is not limited to the representation of the embodiments.

Stücklisteparts list

  • 1 Tragriegel, Profil, Balken und dgl.1 support bar, profile, beams and the like
  • 2 Gurt2 belt
  • 3 Steg3 bridge
  • 4-4-
  • 5-5-
  • 6-6-
  • 7-7-
  • 8-8th-
  • 9 Hohlraum9 cavity
  • 10 Preßstempel10 stamps
  • 11 Preßstempel11 ram
  • 12 Preßstempel12 stamps
  • 13 Preßstempel13 press ram
  • 14 Führung14 leadership
  • 15 - 15 -
  • 16-17 - 16-17 -
  • 18 - 18 -
  • 19 Brettförmiger Streifen19 board-shaped strips
  • 20 Brettförmiger Streifen20 board-shaped strips
  • 21 Füllgut21 filling material
  • 22 Brettförmiger Streifen22 Board-shaped strips
  • 23 Verbindungsfläche23 connecting surface
  • 24 Profilkörper24 profile body
  • 25 Schicht25 layer
  • 26 Schicht26 layer

Claims (6)

1. Method of manufacturing compressed elements from vegetable particles, in particular wood particles, mixed with binding agents, wherein the particles are introduced into a hollow chamber formed by a plurality of press dies and the press dies successively exert a pressing force from different directions upon the introduced mass under the influence of heat, characterised in that, for the production of support crossbars, profiles, beams or similar compressed elements, at least one, preferably two opposing board-like strips of pressure transmitting material, e. g. natural wood, fibre-reinforced plastic layers or the like provided with an adhesive and/or synthetic resin coating are inserted in the hollow chamber and confine the particles between them, whereupon firstly the press dies associated with the belt region exert a pressing power by way of the board-like strips upon the particles and then the press dies associated with the side surfaces are moved toward one another into pressing position, and that finally follow-up pressing of the belt regions of the compressed element is effected by maintaining the pressing power acting upon the side surfaces before the compressed element is hardened by the action of heat and maintenance of the pressing power.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that firstly a board-like strip is placed on the press die forming the base of the hollow chamber, then the hollow chamber is filled with the particles and finally the second board-like strip is placed on the filling.
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the external surfaces of the profile web are also planked with board-like strips.
4. Method according to claim 1 or one of the subsequent claims, characterised in that board-like strips comprising two or more layers are used for planking.
5. Rigid beams manufactured using the method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the connecting surface between the compressed profile elements made from particles and the board-like strips is uneven.
6. Beams according to claim 5, characterised in that the connecting surface is outwardly curved in the direction towards the profile element.
EP84106017A 1983-06-13 1984-05-26 Method of manufacturing cross-bars, sections, beams or the like of compressed small size vegetal parts Expired EP0130359B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84106017T ATE47079T1 (en) 1983-06-13 1984-05-26 PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING SUPPORTING BARS, PROFILES, BEAM AND THE LIKE. MADE FROM SMALL PRESSED VEGETABLE PARTS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3321307A DE3321307C2 (en) 1983-06-13 1983-06-13 Process for the production of support bars, profile bars, beams and the like from small pressed plant parts
DE3321307 1983-06-13

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0130359A2 EP0130359A2 (en) 1985-01-09
EP0130359A3 EP0130359A3 (en) 1986-08-13
EP0130359B1 true EP0130359B1 (en) 1989-10-11

Family

ID=6201364

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84106017A Expired EP0130359B1 (en) 1983-06-13 1984-05-26 Method of manufacturing cross-bars, sections, beams or the like of compressed small size vegetal parts

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0130359B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE47079T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3321307C2 (en)
ES (1) ES8506510A1 (en)
IL (1) IL72044A (en)
NO (1) NO158173C (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3307557A1 (en) * 1983-03-03 1984-09-06 Heggenstaller, Anton, 8892 Kühbach METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FORMING PROFILES, CONSTANT CROSS-SECTIONS FROM VEGETABLE SMALL PARTS
DE3916774A1 (en) * 1989-05-23 1990-11-29 Anton Heggenstaller METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRESSING A RIGID BEAM-SHAPED SHAPED BODY FROM VEGETABLE SMALL PARTS
DE8914649U1 (en) * 1989-12-13 1991-04-11 Anton Heggenstaller Gmbh, 8892 Kuehbach, De
DE3941170A1 (en) * 1989-12-13 1991-06-20 Heggenstaller Anton Gmbh METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRESSING MOLDED BODIES FROM VEGETABLE SMALL PARTS
DE4301153C1 (en) * 1993-01-18 1994-02-10 Karl Moser Extruded beam of bonded wood particles - contains one-piece core with greater resistance to bending and tension loads inside lengthwise passage
SE532102C2 (en) 2008-12-23 2009-10-20 Newbeam Sweden Ab Press and method for forming beams of glue-prepared wood chips with at least one substantially U-shaped cross section

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2825674A (en) * 1953-04-02 1958-03-04 Prase Werner Method of producing boards of pressed composition material
DE1282297B (en) * 1963-02-01 1968-11-07 Weyerhaeuser Co Process for producing a molded part from molding compound
US3933968A (en) * 1968-01-29 1976-01-20 Pierre Sorbier Method of moulding articles from a paste like material
US4058580A (en) * 1974-12-02 1977-11-15 Flanders Robert D Process for making a reinforced board from lignocellulosic particles
US4131705A (en) * 1977-09-06 1978-12-26 International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Structural laminate
DE2823053C2 (en) * 1978-05-26 1983-07-14 Anton 8892 Kühbach Heggenstaller Load-bearing component
US4213928A (en) * 1978-06-19 1980-07-22 Kockums Industri Ab Method of making structural chipboard wood beam
DE2948082A1 (en) * 1979-11-29 1981-06-04 Anton 8891 Unterbernbach Heggenstaller Extruded chipboard beam - pressed without slider is turned over for optimum strength properties
DE3035701C2 (en) * 1980-09-22 1982-12-23 Anton 8892 Kühbach Heggenstaller Pallet base and process for its manufacture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3321307C2 (en) 1986-06-19
NO842343L (en) 1984-12-14
EP0130359A3 (en) 1986-08-13
IL72044A0 (en) 1984-10-31
IL72044A (en) 1989-03-31
NO158173C (en) 1988-07-27
ATE47079T1 (en) 1989-10-15
EP0130359A2 (en) 1985-01-09
DE3480064D1 (en) 1989-11-16
NO158173B (en) 1988-04-18
ES533327A0 (en) 1985-08-01
DE3321307A1 (en) 1984-12-13
ES8506510A1 (en) 1985-08-01

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